Wikibooks enwikibooks https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.1 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikibooks Wikibooks talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Cookbook Cookbook talk Transwiki Transwiki talk Wikijunior Wikijunior talk Subject Subject talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1122 4634602 4527438 2026-05-07T09:40:26Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634602 wikitext text/x-wiki == The French and Indian War == ''(The following text is from Wikipedia)'' The '''French and Indian War''' (1754&ndash;1763) was the North American chapter of the Seven Years' War.<ref>http://geo.msu.edu/extra/geogmich/frenchindian_war.html</ref> The name refers to the two main enemies of the British, the royal French forces and the various American Indian forces allied with them. This conflict, the fourth such colonial war between the kingdoms of France and Great Britain, resulted in the British conquest of all of New France east of the Mississippi River, as well as Spanish Florida. France ceded control of French Louisiana west of the Mississippi to its Spanish ally, to compensate it for its loss of Florida. By the end of this war France kept only the tiny islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon north of the Caribbean. These colonies today still allow France access to the Grand Banks. In Great Britain and France, the North American theatre of the Seven Years' War war usually has no special name, and so the entire worldwide conflict is known as the ''Seven Years' War'' (or the ''Guerre de sept ans''). The "Seven Years" refers to events in Europe, from the official declaration of war in 1756 to the signing of the peace treaty in 1763. These dates do not correspond with the actual fighting in North America, where the fighting between the two colonial powers was largely concluded in six years, from the Jumonville Glen skirmish in 1754 to the capture of Montreal in 1760.<ref>Anderson, Fred. ''Crucible of War: The Seven Years' War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754-1766.'' New York: Knopf, 2000. p. 747</ref> Elsewhere the conflict is known by several names. In British North America, wars were often named after the sitting British monarch, such as King William's War or Queen Anne's War. Because there had already been a King George's War in the 1740s, British colonists named the second war in King George's reign after their opponents, and thus it became known as the ''French and Indian War''.<ref>Anderson, ''Crucible of War.'' p. 747.</ref> This traditional name remains standard in the United States, although it obscures the fact that American Indians fought on both sides of the conflict.<ref>Jennings, Francis. ''Empire of Fortune: Crowns, Colonies, and Tribes in the Seven Years War in America.'' New York: Norton, 1988. p. xv.</ref> American historians generally use the traditional name or the European title (the Seven Years' War), and have also invented other, less frequently used names for the war, including the ''Fourth Intercolonial War'' and the ''Great War for the Empire''.<ref>Anderson, ''Crucible of War.'' P. 747</ref> Canadian francophones and English speakers both refer to it as the Seven Years' War (''Guerre de Sept Ans'') or the War of the Conquest (''Guerre de la Conquête''), as the war in which New France was conquered by the British and became part of the British Empire. This war was also known as the ''Forgotten War''. ==Reasons for war== [[File:François Mercier, voyageur canadien.jpg|thumb|upright|A French fur trader. Economic interests were one of the main drivers of the war.]] The French and Indian War began less than a decade after France and Great Britain had fought on opposing sides in the European War of the Austrian Succession (1740&ndash;1748). One cause for the conflict was '''territorial expansion'''. Newfoundland's Grand Banks were fertile fishing grounds and coveted by both sides. Both sides also wanted to expand their territories for trapping furs to trade, and for other pursuits that aided their economic interests. Both the British and the French used trading posts and forts to claim the Ohio Country, the vast territory between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River, from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico. English claims resulted from royal grants with no definite western boundaries. La Salle had claimed the Mississippi River for France: its drainage area includes the Ohio River Valley. Both Great Britain and France took advantage of Native American factions to secure these claims, to protect their territories, and to keep the other from growing too strong. A second cause was '''political & religious ideology'''. The English Protestant colonists feared papal influence in North America. New France was administered by French governors and Roman Catholic hierarchy. French missionaries included Armand de La Richardie. English history was told as a story of freedom from Catholic (i.e., foreign) influence. French control over North America represented a threat to Great Britain. In their turn, the French feared English anti-Catholicism, in a time when Catholics were still being persecuted under English law. == Declaration and Action Anticipating the War == ===Céloron's expedition=== In June 1747 the Governor-General of New France, the Marquis de la Jonquière, ordered Pierre-Joseph Céloron to lead an expedition to the Ohio Country to remove British influence from the area. Céloron was also to confirm allegiance of the Native Americans in the Ohio territory to the French crown. Céloron's expedition consisted of 213 soldiers of the Troupes de la marine (French Marines) transported by twenty-three canoes. The expedition left Lachine on June 15, 1749, and two days later reached Fort Frontenac. It then continued along the shoreline of present-day Lake Erie. At Chautauqua Portage (Barcelona, New York), it moved inland to the Allegheny River. The troop headed south to the Ohio River at present-day Pittsburgh, where Céloron buried lead plates engraved with the French claim to the Ohio Country. Whenever British merchants or fur-traders were encountered by the French, they were informed of the illegality of being on French territory and told to leave the Ohio Country. When the expedition arrived at Logstown, the Native Americans there informed Céloron that they owned the Ohio Country, and they would trade with the British, despite anything the French said.<ref>Fowler, W. M. ''Empires at War: The French and Indian War and the Struggle for North America, 1754-1763.'' New York: Walker, 2005. P. 14</ref> Céloron continued the expedition. At its farthest point south, it reached the junction between the Ohio River and the Miami River, just south of the village of Pickawillany. Here lived the old Chief of the Miami tribe, whom Céloron called "Old Britain." When Céloron arrived at Pickawillany, he informed the elderly Chief of "dire consequences" of continuing to trade with the British. "Old Britain" ignored the warning. After this meeting, Céloron and his expedition began the trip home, reaching Montreal only on November 10, 1749. In his report, Céloron wrote: "All I can say is that the Natives of these localities are very badly disposed towards the French, and are entirely devoted to the English. I don't know in what way they could be brought back."<ref>Fowler, W. M. ''Empires at War.'' P. 14</ref> ===Langlade's expedition=== On March 17, 1752, Governor-General de la Jonquière died. His temporary replacement was Charles le Moyne de Longueuil. It was not until July 1, 1752 that Ange Duquense de Menneville arrived in New France to take over the post. In the spring of 1752, Longueuil dispatched an expedition to the Ohio River area. The expedition was led by Charles Michel de Langlade, an officer in the Troupes de la marine. Langlade was given 300 men, some French-Canadians, and others members of the Ottawa tribe. His objective was to punish the Miami of Pickawillany for continuing to trade with the British. At dawn on June 21, 1752, the war party attacked the British trading center at Pickawillany, killing fourteen people of the Miami nation, including "Old Britain." The expedition then returned home. ===Marin's expedition=== In the spring of 1754, Paul Marin de la Malgue was given command of a 2,000 man force of Troupes de la Marine and Aboriginals. His orders were to protect the Ohio from the British. Marin followed the route that Céloron had mapped out four years before. However, where Céloron had buried lead plates, Marin was constructing and garrisoning forts. The first fort that was constructed by Paul Marin was at Presque Isle (Erie, Pennsylvania) on Lake Erie's south shore. He then had a road built to the headwaters of Rivière aux Boeuf (now known as Waterford, Pennsylvania). Marin then constructed a second fort at Le Boeuf, designed to guard the headwaters of the Rivière aux Boeuf. ===Tanaghrisson's proclamation=== On September 3, 1753, Tanaghrisson (d. 1754), Chief of the Mingo, arrived at Fort Le Boeuf. One tradition states that Tanaghrisson hated the French because they had killed and eaten his father. Tanaghrisson told Marin, "I shall strike . . .",<ref>Fowler, ''Empires at War.'' P. 31</ref> threatening the French. The show of force by the French had alarmed the Iroquois in the area. They sent Mohawk runners to William Johnson's manor in Upper New York. Johnson, known to the Iroquois as "Warraghiggey", meaning "He who does big business", had become a respected member of the Iroquois Confederacy in the area. In 1746, Johnson was made a colonel of the Iroquois, and later a colonel of the Western New York Militia. At Albany, New York, there was a meeting between Governor Clinton of New York and Chief Hendrick, as well as other officials from a handful of American colonies. Chief Hendrick insisted that the British abide by their obligations and block French expansion. When an unsatisfactory response was offered by Clinton, Chief Hendrick proclaimed that the "Covenant Chain", a long-standing friendly relationship between the Iroquois Confederacy and the British Crown, was broken. ===Dinwiddie's reaction=== [[Image:Washington 1772.jpg|thumb|upright|The earliest authenticated portrait of George Washington shows him wearing his colonel's uniform of the Virginia Regiment from the French and Indian War. However, this portrait was painted years after the war in 1772.]] Governor Robert Dinwiddie of Virginia found himself in a predicament. Many merchants had invested heavily in fur trading in Ohio. If the French made good on their claim to the Ohio Country and drove out the British, then the Virginian merchants would lose a lot of money. Dinwiddie could not possibly allow the loss of the Ohio Country to France. In October 1753 he wrote a letter to the commander of the French forces in the Ohio Country, Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre, demanding an immediate French withdrawal. To deliver it he delegated Major ''George Washington'' of the Virginia militia. Major Washington left for Fort Le Boeuf on the 31st of October, along with his interpreter Jacob Van Braam and several other men. A few days later, Washington and his party arrived at Wills Creek (Cumberland, Maryland). Here Washington enlisted the help of Christopher Gist, a surveyor who was familiar with the area. They arrived at Logstown on November 24, 1753. At Logstown, Washington met with Tanaghrisson, who was angry over the French military encroachment upon his land. Washington convinced Tanaghrisson to accompany his small group to Fort Le Boeuf. On December 12, 1753, Washington and his men reached Fort Le Boeuf. Commander Saint-Pierre invited Washington to dine with him that evening. Over dinner, Washington presented Saint-Pierre with the letter from Dinwiddie. Saint-Pierre was civil in his response, saying, "As to the Summons you send me to retire, I do not think myself obliged to obey it."<ref>Fowler, ''Empires at War''. P. 35.</ref> The French explained to Washington that France's claim to the region was superior to that of the British, as René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de a Salle (1643&ndash;1687) had explored the Ohio Country nearly a century earlier.<ref>Ellis, Joseph J. ''His Excellency George Washington.'' New York: Vintage Books, A Division of Random House, Inc., 2004. P. 5</ref> Washington's party left Fort Le Boeuf early on December 16, 1753. By January 16, 1754, they had arrived in Williamsburg, Virginia. In his report, Washington stated, "The French had swept south."<ref>Fowler, ''Empires at War'', p. 36</ref> They had constructed and garrisoned forts at Presque Isle, Le Boeuf and Venango. ==War== The French and Indian War was the last of four major colonial wars between the British, the French, and their Native American allies. Unlike the previous three wars, the French and Indian War began on North American soil and then spread to Europe, where Britain officially declared war on France on May 15, 1756, marking the beginnings of the Seven Years' War in Europe. Native Americans fought for both sides, but primarily alongside the French (with one exception being the Iroquois Confederacy, which sided with the American colonies and Britain). The first major event of the war was in 1754. Lieutenant Colonel George Washington, then twenty-one years of age, was sent to negotiate boundaries with the French, who did not give up their forts. Washington led a group of Virginian (colonial) troops to confront the French at Fort Duquesne (present day Pittsburgh). Washington discovered the French troops at '''the Battle of Jumonville Glen''' (about six miles or ten kilometers North-West of soon-to-be-established Fort Necessity). In the ensuing skirmish, a French Officer, Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, was killed. Washington pulled back a few miles and established Fort Necessity. The French forced Washington and his men to retreat. Meanwhile, the Albany Congress was taking place as means to discuss further action. Edward Braddock led a campaign against the French at Fort Duquesne in 1755. Washington was again among the British and colonial troops. Braddock employed European tactics -- bold, linear marches and firing formations -- and employed heavy cannon. This led to disaster at the '''Monongahela'''. The French and natives were heavily outmanned and outgunned. But they used superior tactics, taking cover behind trees and bushes to gun down and rout the British. Braddock was killed. Despite four close calls, Washington escaped unharmed and led the survivors in retreat. This stunning British defeat heralded a string of major French victories over the next few years, at '''Fort Oswego''', '''Fort William Henry''', '''Fort Duquesne''', and '''Carillon''', where veteran Montcalm famously defeated five times his number. The sole British successes in the early years of the war came in 1755, at '''the Battle of Lake George''', which secured the Hudson Valley; and in the taking of '''Fort Beauséjour''' (which protected the Nova Scotia frontier) by Lieutenant Colonel Robert Monckton. A consequence of this last battle was the subsequent forced deportation of the Acadian population of Nova Scotia and the Beaubassin region of Acadia. In 1756 William Pitt became Secretary of State of Great Britain. His leadership, and France's continued neglect of the North-American theater, eventually turned the tide in favor of the British. The French were driven from many frontier posts such as Fort Niagara, and the key Fortress Louisbourg fell to the British in 1758. In 1759, '''the Battle of the Plains of Abraham''' gave Quebec City to the British, who had to withstand a siege there after the '''Battle of Sainte-Foy''' a year later. In September of 1760, Pierre François de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal, the King's Governor of New France, negotiated a surrender with British General Jeffrey Amherst. General Amherst granted Vaudreuil's request that any French residents who chose to remain in the colony would be given freedom to continue worshiping in their Roman Catholic tradition, continued ownership of their property, and the right to remain undisturbed in their homes. The British provided medical treatment for the sick and wounded French soldiers, and French regular troops were returned to France aboard British ships with an agreement that they were not to serve again in the present war. '''Summary of the war in America''' In 1752 the French and their Native allies raided a trading outpost sited at modern day Cleveland rid the area of Pennsylvanians. In 1754 General George Washington attacked French soldiers and then became trapped in his poorly built, Fort Necessity in Great Meadows Pennsylvania and more than one-third of Washingtons's men shortly became casualties. Twenty-two year old Washington and his men surrendered and were allowed to leave back to Virginia. In July 1755, a few miles south of Fort Duquensne in Pennsylvania, the combined forces of French and Natives attacked British colonial troops that were preparing a to assault the fort. The aftermath that ensued would result in a British defeat and General Edward Braddock would be killed. Once London heard of this Britain declared war upon France and formally began the seven years war. After this the British feared that France would attempt to retake Nova Scotia and that the 12,000 French Nova Scotians would break their neutrality, so the British military forced around seven thousand French Nova Scotians from their homeland. This was history's first large-scale modern deportation, the French would be sent from Louisiana to the Caribbean and families would become torn apart. In July of 1758 The British had recaptured the fort at Loiusberg winning control of the St. Lawerence River. This would cut the major French supply route and open up more supply lines for the British. In the fall of 1758 the Shawnee and Delaware Natives accepted peace offerings from the British and the French abandoned Fort Duquesne. A decisive attack would happen in the fall of 1759 when General James Wolfe's forces defeated the French on the Plains of Abraham and thus taking Quebec. A year after this event the British would capture Montreal and the North American stage of the war would be over. ===Outcome=== [[File:Vue de la descente a Terre Neuve par le chevalier de Ternay en 1762.jpg|thumb|The descent of the French on St. John's, Newfoundland, 1762.]] Though most of the North American fighting ended on September 8, 1760, when the Marquis de Vaudreuil surrendered Montreal &mdash; and effectively all of Canada &mdash; to Britain (one notable late battle allowed the capture of Spanish Havana by British and colonial forces in 1762), the war officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on February 10, 1763. The treaty sealed France's loss of all its North American possessions east of the Mississippi except for Saint Pierre and Miquelon islands off Newfoundland. All of Canada was ceded to Britain. France regained the Caribbean islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique, which had been occupied by the British. The economic value of these islands to France was greater than that of Canada at the time, because of their rich sugar crops; and the islands were easier to defend. However, the British were happy to take New France: defense was not an issue, and they had many sources of sugar. Spain gained Louisiana, including New Orleans, in compensation for its loss of Florida to the British. French Canada contained approximately 65,000 French-speaking Roman Catholic residents. Early in the war, in 1755, the British had expelled French settlers from Acadia. (Some of these eventually fled to Louisiana, creating the Cajun population.) Now at peace, and eager to secure control of its hard-won colony, Great Britain made concessions to its newly conquered subjects with the Quebec Act of 1774. The history of the Seven Years' War, particularly the siege of Québec and the death of British Brigadier General James Wolfe, generated a vast number of ballads, broadsides, images, maps and other printed materials, which testify to how this event continued to capture the imagination of the British public long after Wolfe's death in 1759.<ref>[http://www.collectionscanada.ca/virtual-vault/ Virtual Vault], an online exhibition of Canadian historical art at Library and Archives Canada</ref> The European theatre of the war was settled by the Treaty of Hubertusburg on February 15, 1763. The war changed economic, political, and social relations between Britain and its colonies. It plunged Britain into debt, which the Crown chose to pay off with tax money from its colonies. These taxes contributed to the beginning the American Revolutionary War. ===Battles and expeditions=== ;United States **Battle of Jumonville Glen (May 28, 1754) **Battle of Fort Necessity, aka the Battle of Great Meadows (July 3, 1754) **Braddock Expedition (Battle of the Monongahela aka Battle of the Wilderness) (July 9, 1755) **Kittanning Expedition (climax September 8, 1756) **Battle of Fort Duquesne (September 14, 1758) **Battle of Fort Ligonier (October 12, 1758) **Forbes Expedition (climax November 25, 1758) *Province of New York **Battle of Lake George (1755) **Battle of Fort Oswego (August, 1756) **Battle on Snowshoes (January 21, 1757) **Battle of Fort Bull (March 27, 1756) **Battle of Sabbath Day Point (July 26, 1757) **Battle of Fort William Henry (August 9, 1757) **Attack on German Flatts (1757) (November 12, 1757) **Battle of Carillon (July 8, 1758) **Battle of Ticonderoga (1759) **Battle of La Belle-Famille (July 24, 1759) **Battle of Fort Niagara (1759) **Battle of the Thousand Islands, 16-25 August, 1760 *West Virginia **Battle of Great Cacapon (April 18, 1756) ;Canada *New Brunswick **Battle of Fort Beauséjour (June 16, 1755) *Nova Scotia **Battle of Louisburg (July 27, 1758) *Ontario **Battle of Fort Frontenac (August 25, 1758) **Battle of the Thousand Islands, 16-25 August, 1760 *Quebec **Battle of Beauport (July 31, 1759) **Battle of the Plains of Abraham (September 13, 1759) **Battle of Sainte-Foy (April 28, 1760) **Battle of Restigouche, July 3-8, (1760) *Newfoundland **Battle of Signal Hill September 15, 1762 == Proclamation of 1763 == ''(The following text is taken from the Wikipedia article)'' [[Image:map of territorial growth 1775.jpg|thumb|upright|A portion of eastern North America; the 1763 "Proclamation line" is the border between the red and the pink areas.]] The '''Royal Proclamation of 1763''' was issued October 7, 1763 by George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the Seven Years' War. The purpose of the proclamation was to make sure Britain could control its new territory for its The Proclamation in essence forbade Americans from settling or buying land west of the Appalachians. Colonists were angry because many already had land in that area. Additionally, the Proclamation gave the Crown a monopoly in land bought from Native Americans. ===Native land=== In the fall of 1763, a royal decree was issued that prohibited the North American colonists from establishing or maintaining settlements west of an imaginary line running down the crest of the Appalachian Mountains. The proclamation acknowledged that Native Americans owned the lands on which they were then residing and white settlers in the area were to be removed. However, provision was made to allow specially licensed individuals and entities to operate fur trading ventures in the proscribed area. There were two motivations for this policy: '''To avoid warfare with the Indians.''' Neither side evidenced any affection for the tribes, but Indian conflicts were very expensive, and the British hadn't yet deployed enough soldiers in the West to keep the peace. Some Indians welcomed this policy, believing that separation from the colonies would allow them to resume their traditions. Others realized that the proclamation would, at best, only provide breathing room before the next onslaught of settlers. The fear of conflict with Native Americans was particularly on the mind of the British government in 1763 following Pontiac's Rebellion, a coordinated attack that destroyed nine British forts and settlements. '''To concentrate colonial settlements on the seaboard where they could be active parts of the British mercantile system.''' British trade officials took it as a first priority to populate the recently secured areas of Canada and Florida (referring to the Treaty of Paris), where colonists could reasonably be expected to trade with the mother country. Settlers living west of the Appalachians would be highly self-sufficient and have little opportunity to trade with English merchants. The reaction of colonial land speculators and frontiersmen was immediate and negative. They believed their fight in the recent war had been "rewarded" by the creation of a vast restricted native reserve in the lands they coveted. Most concluded that the proclamation was only a temporary measure: a number ignored it entirely and moved into the prohibited area. Almost from its inception, the proclamation was modified to suit the needs of influential people with interests in the American West, both high British officials and colonial leaders. Beginning in 1764, portions of the Proclamation Line were adjusted westward to accommodate speculative interests. Later, in 1768, the first Treaty of Fort Stanwix formally recognized the surrender of transmontane lands claimed by the Iroquois. The Proclamation of 1763 was a well-intentioned measure. Pontiac’s Rebellion had inflicted a terrible toll on the frontier settlements in North America and the British government acted prudently by attempting to avoid such conflict in the foreseeable future. The colonists, however, were not appreciative and regarded the new policy as an infringement of their basic rights. The fact that western expansion was halted at roughly the same time that other restrictive measures were being implemented, made the colonists increasingly suspicious Almost immediately, many British colonists and land speculators objected to the proclamation boundary, since there were already many settlements beyond the line (some of which had been temporarily evacuated during Pontiac's War), as well as many existing land claims yet to be settled. Indeed, the proclamation itself called for lands to be granted to British soldiers who had served in the Seven Years' War. Prominent American colonists joined with land speculators in Britain to lobby the government to move the line further west. As a result, the boundary line was adjusted in a series of treaties with Native Americans. The Treaty of Fort Stanwix and the Treaty of Hard Labor (both 1768) and the Treaty of Lochaber (1770) opened much of what is now West Virginia and Kentucky to British settlement. ===Organization of new colonies=== Besides regulating colonial expansion, the proclamation dealt with the management of newly ceded French colonies. It established government for four areas: Quebec, West Florida, East Florida, and Grenada. All of these were granted the ability to elect general assemblies under a royally appointed governor or a high council, which could then create laws and ordinances specific to the area in agreement with British and colonial laws. In the meantime, the new colonies enjoyed the same rights as native-born Englishmen, something that British colonists had been fighting over for years. An even bigger affront to the British colonies was the establishment of both civil and criminal courts complete with the right to appeal--but those charged with violating the Stamp or Sugar Act were to be tried in admiralty court, where the defendant was considered guilty until he or she could prove his or her innocence. ===Legacy=== The influence of the Royal Proclamation of 1763 on the coming of the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) has been variously interpreted. Many historians argue that the proclamation ceased to be a major source of tension after 1768, since the aforementioned treaties opened up extensive lands for settlement. Others have argued that colonial resentment of the proclamation contributed to the growing divide between the colonies and the Mother Country. In the United States, the Royal Proclamation of 1763 ended with the American Revolutionary War, because Great Britain ceded the land in question to the United States in the Treaty of Paris (1783). Afterwards, the U.S. government also faced difficulties in preventing frontier violence, and eventually adopted policies similar to those of the Royal Proclamation. The first in a series of Indian Intercourse Acts was passed in 1790, prohibiting unregulated trade and travel in Native American lands. Additionally, the U.S. Supreme Court case Johnson v. M'Intosh (1823) established that only the U.S. government, and not private individuals, could purchase land from Native Americans. The Royal Proclamation continued to govern the cession of aboriginal land in British North America, especially Upper Canada and Rupert's Land. The proclamation forms the basis of land claims of aboriginal peoples in Canada – First Nations, Inuit, and Metis. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 is thus mentioned in Section Twenty-five of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. == The Stamp Act and other Laws == [[File:Boston Massacre high-res.jpg|thumb|upright|The Boston Massacre in 1770 worsened American opinions of British rule.]] In 1764, George Grenville became the British Chancellor of the Exchequer (minister of finance). He allowed customs officers to obtain general writs of assistance, which allowed officers to search random houses for smuggled goods. Grenville thought that if profits from smuggled goods could be directed towards Britain, the money could help pay off debts. Colonists were horrified that they could be searched without warrant at any given moment. Also in 1764, with persuasion from Grenville, Parliament began to impose several taxes on the colonists. '''The Sugar Act''' of 1764 reduced the taxes imposed by the Molasses Act, but at the same time strengthened the collection of the taxes. It also provided that British judges, and not juries, would try cases involving that Act. The next year, Parliament passed the '''Quartering Act''', which required the colonies to provide room and board for British soldiers stationed in North America; the soldiers would serve various purposes, chiefly to enforce the previously passed acts of Parliament. Following the Quartering Act, Parliament passed one of the most infamous pieces of legislation: the '''Stamp Act'''. Previously, Parliament imposed only external taxes on imports. But the Stamp Act provided the first internal tax on the colonists, requiring that a tax stamp be applied to books, newspapers, pamphlets, legal documents, playing cards, and dice. The legislature of Massachusetts requested a conference on the Stamp Act; the Stamp Act Congress met in October that year, petitioning the King and Parliament to repeal the act before it went into effect at the end of the month, crying "taxation without representation." The act faced vehement opposition throughout the colonies. Merchants threatened to boycott British products. Thousands of New Yorkers rioted near the location where the stamps were stored. In Boston, the Sons of Liberty, a violent group led by radical statesman Samuel Adams, destroyed the home of Lieutenant Governor Thomas Hutchinson. Parliament did indeed repeal the Stamp Act, but additionally passed the Declaratory Act, which stated that Great Britain retained the power to tax the colonists, even without substantive representation. Believing that the colonists only objected to internal taxes, Chancellor of the Exchequer Charles Townshend proposed bills that would later become the '''Townshend Acts'''. The Acts, passed in 1767, taxed imports of tea, glass, paint, lead, and even paper. The colonial merchants again threatened to boycott the taxed products, reducing the profits of British merchants, who in turn petitioned Parliament to repeal the Townshend Acts. Parliament eventually agreed to repeal much of the Townshend legislation. But Parliament refused to remove the tax on tea, implying that the British retained the authority to tax the colonies despite a lack of representation. In 1773, Parliament passed the '''Tea Act''', which exempted the British East India Company from the Townshend taxes. Thus, the East India Company gained a great advantage over other companies when selling tea in the colonies. The colonists who resented the advantages given to British companies dumped British tea overboard in the Boston Tea Party in December of 1773. {{center/top}}[[Image: Boston Tea Party.jpg]]<br>''The Boston Tea Party''{{center/end}} In retaliation for the Boston Tea Party, Parliament passed the '''Coercive Acts''', which were in the colonies known as the Intolerable Acts. Parliament reduced the power of the Massachusetts legislature and closed the port of Boston. Also, the Quartering Act was extended to require private individuals to lodge soldiers. Furthermore, Parliament allowed royal officials accused of crimes to be tried by a British, rather than a colonial, jury. == First Continental Congress == [[File:CarpentersHall00.jpg|thumb|upright|Carpenters Hall in Philadelphia, where the First Continental Congress met.]] In order to debate a response to the Intolerable Acts, all American colonies except for Georgia sent delegates to '''the First Continental Congress''' at Philadelphia. The Congress met in September 1774 and issued a Declaration of Rights and Grievances. When the Congress adjourned, it stipulated another Congress would meet if King George III did not meet the demands of the Declaration. When the Second Congress did meet, the military hostilities of the Revolutionary War had already begun, and the issue of Independence, rather than a redress of grievances, dominated the debates. ==Education== Literacy grew for both men and women during the 18th century.<ref>http://www.cla.csulb.edu/ebro/learning-to-read-and-write-in-colonial-america/</ref> In New England and the Middle States, more middle-class girls were sent to school. However, as Science and the requirements for citizenship became more a part of education, girls were excluded from learning these topics. Higher education continued to develop, with the 1746 opening of The College of New Jersey (later known as Princeton), and King's College (now Columbia) in 1754. All of these universities were meant exclusively for White men, though some of the colleges experimented by admitting Native Americans. In the public schools, vocational education expanded.<ref>A people and a nation eight edition</ref><ref>Wikipedia.org\ education_in_the_Age_of_Enlightenment.</ref><ref>American Education the colonial experience by Cremin A. Lawrence</ref> Though what was lost by failing to educate the underclasses was incalculable, we can gauge the lost possibilities through such individuals as Benjamin Banneker and Phillis Wheatley. Mr. Banneker, a self-educated free African-American, observed the stars, wrote his own almanac, and was one of the surveyors of what would later become the District of Columbia. Miss Wheatley, an African-born slave educated and freed by her mistress, wrote a remarkable volume of poems published in the year 1773. Most of these had been published in ''The Newport Mercury'', edited by Benjamin Franklin's brother James. ==Questions For Review== 1. What were the reasons for the French and Indian War? 2. What was the strategy of General Braddock against the French at Fort Duquesne? What was the strategy of the defending French and Indian forces? 3. Examine the succession of acts imposed upon the American Colonists in the wake of the war, beginning with the Sugar Act. What was the intended purpose of each act? What was its actual effect? ==Footnotes== {{reflist}} ===Further reading=== *Eckert, Allan W. ''Wilderness Empire''. Bantam Books, 1994, originally published 1969. {{ISBN|0-553-26488-5}}. Second volume in a series of historical narratives, with emphasis on Sir William Johnson. Academic historians often regard Eckert's books, which are written in the style of novels, to be fiction. *Parkman, Francis. ''Montcalm and Wolfe: The French and Indian War''. Originally published 1884. New York: Da Capo, 1984. {{ISBN|0-306-81077-8}}. *Taylor, Alan. ''American Colonies: The Settling of North America''. Penguin Books, 2001. Edited by Eric Foner. {{ISBN|0-670-87282-2}}. {{chapnav|English Colonies|American Revolution}} {{status|100%}} {{BookCat}} 96osli59mwnc72dxte69zk3ycoet2e0 0 3941 4634626 4534053 2026-05-07T10:44:43Z Raihanur 3561150 /* Conduction Techniques */ 4634626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{NAMESPACE}}{{featured book|print=Print version|PDF=Lucid_Dreaming}} {{LDTOC}} {{Book Search|prefix=Lucid Dreaming}} {{Wikipedia|Lucid dream}} ==Synopsis== This book attempts to teach the skills that can help you to have lucid dreams &mdash; dreams in which you know that you are dreaming. For the skeptical, lucid dreams have been [[w:Lucid_dream#Scientific research|scientifically demonstrated]] to exist. The ability to lucid dream will open your mind to a world of infinite possibilities as you become adept at taking control of your dreams. We will start by explaining how lucid dreaming works biologically. Next, the book will prepare you for lucid dreaming by helping you to remember more of your dreams (dream recall). You will then learn a variety of ways of becoming, and staying, lucid. Finally, you will find suggested activities to try while in the dream world. ==Contents== Before each target there is an image with a subjective indication of how complete that target is: : {{stage short|25%}} Means that there is little information or the information there may not be reliable. : {{stage short|50%}} Means that there is some information, but it's not very detailed or extensive. : {{stage short|75%}} Means that much of the information is there, but it needs to be touched up or organized. This is still usable. : {{stage short|100%}} Means that the information is basically complete. However, more detail can always be added. {{Print version}} ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Introduction|Introduction]]=== # {{stage short|100%}} Disclaimer # {{stage short|100%}} About dreaming # {{stage short|100%}} About lucid dreaming # {{stage short|100%}} Possible dangers of lucid dreaming ## {{stage short|100%}} Alienation ## {{stage short|100%}} Dissociation ## {{stage short|100%}} Controversial: Accidentally encountering “spiritual” entities ## {{stage short|100%}} Controversial: Creating bad habits or becoming a control freak ## {{stage short|75%}} Controversial: Exhaustion ## {{stage short|75%}} Controversial: Inability to stop ## {{stage short|100%}} Controversial: Undesirable false awakenings # {{stage short|75%}} Similar techniques ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Dream Recall|Dream Recall]]=== : {{stage short|100%}} Improving dream recall ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Induction Techniques|Induction Techniques]]=== # {{stage short|100%}} Preliminary ## {{stage short|100%}} Waking up and getting to sleep ## {{stage short|100%}} Reality checks # {{stage short|100%}} Techniques ## {{stage short|100%}} WBTB ## {{stage short|100%}} Autosuggestion ## {{stage short|100%}} MILD ## {{stage short|100%}} WILD ### {{stage short|100%}} Eyelid Pattern ### {{stage short|100%}} Hypnagogic Imagery ### {{stage short|100%}} Counting ## {{stage short|100%}} Incubating dreams ### {{stage short|75%}} Chaining dreams ### {{stage short|100%}} VILD ### {{stage short|100%}} LILD ## {{stage short|50%}} CAT ## {{stage short|25%}} Tibetan methods ## {{stage short|50%}} Other techniques # {{stage short|100%}} Other methods ## {{stage short|50%}} Drugs ## {{stage short|50%}} Food and drink ## {{stage short|75%}} Gadgets ## {{stage short|100%}} Software ===[[লুসিড ড্রিমিং/ব্যবহার|ব্যবহার]]=== # {{stage short|100%}} স্বপ্ন স্থিতিশীলতা ## {{stage short|100%}} হাত ঘষা ## {{stage short|100%}} নিজ অক্ষে আবর্তন করা ## {{stage short|100%}} গতি কমানো ## {{stage short|100%}} স্বপ্নকে স্পর্শ করা ## {{stage short|100%}} জাগ্রত স্মৃতি এবং জ্ঞানীয় ক্ষমতা পুনরুদ্ধার করার চেষ্টা করা ## {{stage short|100%}} মিথ্যা জাগরণ # {{stage short|100%}} হারিয়ে যাওয়া দৃষ্টি থেকে পুনরুদ্ধার ## {{stage short|100%}} স্বয়ংক্রিয় পরামর্শ ## {{stage short|100%}} চিত্র কল্পনা করা # {{stage short|100%}} স্বপ্ন পরিবর্তন করা ## {{stage short|100%}} স্বপ্নের পরিবেশ পরিবর্তন করা ## {{stage short|100%}} স্বপ্নে বস্তু আনা # {{stage short|100%}} কি করতে পারবেন ## {{stage short|75%}} সহজ ## {{stage short|75%}} মধ্যম ## {{stage short|75%}} কঠিন # {{stage short|100%}} উপসংহার ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Glossary|Glossary]]=== : {{stage short|75%}} An alphabetical list of everything mentioned ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Appendices|Appendices]]=== : Various posts from forums where people originally described their techniques : Other documents (FAQs, etc.) ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Further Reading|Further Reading]]=== : {{stage short|100%}} On the web and in print ===[[Lucid Dreaming/FAQ|FAQ]]=== : A FAQ page for you to post any question you might have about lucid dreaming ==Authors== {{:Lucid Dreaming/Authors|Authors}} {{Shelves|Analytical psychology}} {{Alphabetical|L}} {{status|100%}} [[de:Klartraum]] [[es:Sueño lúcido]] [[eo:Lucida sonĝo]] [[fr:Rêve lucide]] [[it:Sogno lucido]] [[ja:明晰夢]] [[pl:Świadome śnienie]] f9snvmq8n1omwwsil9zxax4fu7cy78w 4634627 4634626 2026-05-07T10:46:12Z Raihanur 3561150 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/4634626|4634626]] by [[Special:Contributions/Raihanur|Raihanur]] ([[User talk:Raihanur|discuss]]) mistake! i was editing another wiki and a bad copy paste 4634627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{NAMESPACE}}{{featured book|print=Print version|PDF=Lucid_Dreaming}} {{LDTOC}} {{Book Search|prefix=Lucid Dreaming}} {{Wikipedia|Lucid dream}} ==Synopsis== This book attempts to teach the skills that can help you to have lucid dreams &mdash; dreams in which you know that you are dreaming. For the skeptical, lucid dreams have been [[w:Lucid_dream#Scientific research|scientifically demonstrated]] to exist. The ability to lucid dream will open your mind to a world of infinite possibilities as you become adept at taking control of your dreams. We will start by explaining how lucid dreaming works biologically. Next, the book will prepare you for lucid dreaming by helping you to remember more of your dreams (dream recall). You will then learn a variety of ways of becoming, and staying, lucid. Finally, you will find suggested activities to try while in the dream world. ==Contents== Before each target there is an image with a subjective indication of how complete that target is: : {{stage short|25%}} Means that there is little information or the information there may not be reliable. : {{stage short|50%}} Means that there is some information, but it's not very detailed or extensive. : {{stage short|75%}} Means that much of the information is there, but it needs to be touched up or organized. This is still usable. : {{stage short|100%}} Means that the information is basically complete. However, more detail can always be added. {{Print version}} ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Introduction|Introduction]]=== # {{stage short|100%}} Disclaimer # {{stage short|100%}} About dreaming # {{stage short|100%}} About lucid dreaming # {{stage short|100%}} Possible dangers of lucid dreaming ## {{stage short|100%}} Alienation ## {{stage short|100%}} Dissociation ## {{stage short|100%}} Controversial: Accidentally encountering “spiritual” entities ## {{stage short|100%}} Controversial: Creating bad habits or becoming a control freak ## {{stage short|75%}} Controversial: Exhaustion ## {{stage short|75%}} Controversial: Inability to stop ## {{stage short|100%}} Controversial: Undesirable false awakenings # {{stage short|75%}} Similar techniques ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Dream Recall|Dream Recall]]=== : {{stage short|100%}} Improving dream recall ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Induction Techniques|Induction Techniques]]=== # {{stage short|100%}} Preliminary ## {{stage short|100%}} Waking up and getting to sleep ## {{stage short|100%}} Reality checks # {{stage short|100%}} Techniques ## {{stage short|100%}} WBTB ## {{stage short|100%}} Autosuggestion ## {{stage short|100%}} MILD ## {{stage short|100%}} WILD ### {{stage short|100%}} Eyelid Pattern ### {{stage short|100%}} Hypnagogic Imagery ### {{stage short|100%}} Counting ## {{stage short|100%}} Incubating dreams ### {{stage short|75%}} Chaining dreams ### {{stage short|100%}} VILD ### {{stage short|100%}} LILD ## {{stage short|50%}} CAT ## {{stage short|25%}} Tibetan methods ## {{stage short|50%}} Other techniques # {{stage short|100%}} Other methods ## {{stage short|50%}} Drugs ## {{stage short|50%}} Food and drink ## {{stage short|75%}} Gadgets ## {{stage short|100%}} Software ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Using|Conduction Techniques]]=== # {{stage short|100%}} Dream stabilization ## {{stage short|100%}} Hand rubbing ## {{stage short|100%}} Spinning ## {{stage short|100%}} Slowing it down ## {{stage short|100%}} Touching your dream ## {{stage short|100%}} Trying to recover your waking memory and cognitive capacities ## {{stage short|100%}} False awakening # {{stage short|100%}} Recovering from lost visuals ## {{stage short|100%}} Autosuggestion ## {{stage short|100%}} Visualising # {{stage short|100%}} Altering the dream ## {{stage short|100%}} Changing the dream environment ## {{stage short|100%}} Summoning objects into your dream # {{stage short|100%}} What you can do ## {{stage short|75%}} Easy ## {{stage short|75%}} Medium ## {{stage short|75%}} Hard # {{stage short|100%}} Conclusion ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Glossary|Glossary]]=== : {{stage short|75%}} An alphabetical list of everything mentioned ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Appendices|Appendices]]=== : Various posts from forums where people originally described their techniques : Other documents (FAQs, etc.) ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Further Reading|Further Reading]]=== : {{stage short|100%}} On the web and in print ===[[Lucid Dreaming/FAQ|FAQ]]=== : A FAQ page for you to post any question you might have about lucid dreaming ==Authors== {{:Lucid Dreaming/Authors|Authors}} {{Shelves|Analytical psychology}} {{Alphabetical|L}} {{status|100%}} [[de:Klartraum]] [[es:Sueño lúcido]] [[eo:Lucida sonĝo]] [[fr:Rêve lucide]] [[it:Sogno lucido]] [[ja:明晰夢]] [[pl:Świadome śnienie]] c01l96h7p1m55imvyn2headozd7rcxk 4634628 4634627 2026-05-07T11:01:46Z Raihanur 3561150 4634628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{NAMESPACE}}{{featured book|print=Print version|PDF=Lucid_Dreaming}} {{LDTOC}} {{Book Search|prefix=Lucid Dreaming}} {{Wikipedia|Lucid dream}} ==Synopsis== This book attempts to teach the skills that can help you to have lucid dreams &mdash; dreams in which you know that you are dreaming. For the skeptical, lucid dreams have been [[w:Lucid_dream#Scientific research|scientifically demonstrated]] to exist. The ability to lucid dream will open your mind to a world of infinite possibilities as you become adept at taking control of your dreams. We will start by explaining how lucid dreaming works biologically. Next, the book will prepare you for lucid dreaming by helping you to remember more of your dreams (dream recall). You will then learn a variety of ways of becoming, and staying, lucid. Finally, you will find suggested activities to try while in the dream world. ==Contents== Before each target there is an image with a subjective indication of how complete that target is: : {{stage short|25%}} Means that there is little information or the information there may not be reliable. : {{stage short|50%}} Means that there is some information, but it's not very detailed or extensive. : {{stage short|75%}} Means that much of the information is there, but it needs to be touched up or organized. This is still usable. : {{stage short|100%}} Means that the information is basically complete. However, more detail can always be added. {{Print version}} ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Introduction|Introduction]]=== # {{stage short|100%}} Disclaimer # {{stage short|100%}} About dreaming # {{stage short|100%}} About lucid dreaming # {{stage short|100%}} Possible dangers of lucid dreaming ## {{stage short|100%}} Alienation ## {{stage short|100%}} Dissociation ## {{stage short|100%}} Controversial: Accidentally encountering “spiritual” entities ## {{stage short|100%}} Controversial: Creating bad habits or becoming a control freak ## {{stage short|75%}} Controversial: Exhaustion ## {{stage short|75%}} Controversial: Inability to stop ## {{stage short|100%}} Controversial: Undesirable false awakenings # {{stage short|75%}} Similar techniques ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Dream Recall|Dream Recall]]=== : {{stage short|100%}} Improving dream recall ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Induction Techniques|Induction Techniques]]=== # {{stage short|100%}} Preliminary ## {{stage short|100%}} Waking up and getting to sleep ## {{stage short|100%}} Reality checks # {{stage short|100%}} Techniques ## {{stage short|100%}} WBTB ## {{stage short|100%}} Autosuggestion ## {{stage short|100%}} MILD ## {{stage short|100%}} WILD ### {{stage short|100%}} Eyelid Pattern ### {{stage short|100%}} Hypnagogic Imagery ### {{stage short|100%}} Counting ## {{stage short|100%}} Incubating dreams ### {{stage short|75%}} Chaining dreams ### {{stage short|100%}} VILD ### {{stage short|100%}} LILD ## {{stage short|50%}} CAT ## {{stage short|25%}} Tibetan methods ## {{stage short|50%}} Other techniques # {{stage short|100%}} Other methods ## {{stage short|50%}} Drugs ## {{stage short|50%}} Food and drink ## {{stage short|75%}} Gadgets ## {{stage short|100%}} Software ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Using|Conduction Techniques]]=== # {{stage short|100%}} Dream stabilization ## {{stage short|100%}} Hand rubbing ## {{stage short|100%}} Spinning ## {{stage short|100%}} Slowing it down ## {{stage short|100%}} Touching your dream ## {{stage short|100%}} Trying to recover your waking memory and cognitive capacities ## {{stage short|100%}} False awakening # {{stage short|100%}} Recovering from lost visuals ## {{stage short|100%}} Autosuggestion ## {{stage short|100%}} Visualising # {{stage short|100%}} Altering the dream ## {{stage short|100%}} Changing the dream environment ## {{stage short|100%}} Summoning objects into your dream # {{stage short|100%}} What you can do ## {{stage short|75%}} Easy ## {{stage short|75%}} Medium ## {{stage short|75%}} Hard # {{stage short|100%}} Conclusion ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Glossary|Glossary]]=== : {{stage short|75%}} An alphabetical list of everything mentioned ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Appendices|Appendices]]=== : Various posts from forums where people originally described their techniques : Other documents (FAQs, etc.) ===[[Lucid Dreaming/Further Reading|Further Reading]]=== : {{stage short|100%}} On the web and in print ===[[Lucid Dreaming/FAQ|FAQ]]=== : A FAQ page for you to post any question you might have about lucid dreaming ==Authors== {{:Lucid Dreaming/Authors|Authors}} {{Shelves|Analytical psychology}} {{Alphabetical|L}} {{status|100%}} [[de:Klartraum]] [[es:Sueño lúcido]] [[eo:Lucida sonĝo]] [[fr:Rêve lucide]] [[it:Sogno lucido]] [[ja:明晰夢]] [[pl:Świadome śnienie]] [[bn:লুসিড ড্রিমিং]] jiin66zof5b391sloafzgg2vjcrkk2h 0 6704 4634557 3266904 2026-05-07T08:41:08Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} Many-to-Many Chapter => [[../|The Many-to-Many Relationship]] Many-to-Many Exercises => [[../Exercises|Exercises]] {{center/end}} == 1) Movie Collection == Use the following data model: [[Image:Xml5moviedm.png]] :a. Using the IDREF method, create an XML schema to describe the illustrated data model. Include all of the attributes listed in the data model. :b. Create an XML document that includes at least two movies and two cast members per movie. :c. Create a simple XML style sheet to present the information in HTML format. No tables or CSS are necessary. ===the Schema=== <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Document : movies.xsd Created on : February 6, 2006 Author : Christina Serrano Description: XML schema describing structure of movie collection --> <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="unqualified"> <xsd:element name="movieCollection"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="movie" type="movieDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> <xsd:element name="castMember" type="castDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <xsd:complexType name="movieDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="movieTitle" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="movieSynopsis" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="role" type="roleDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:complexType name="roleDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="roleIDREF" type="xsd:IDREF"/> <xsd:element name="roleType" type="xsd:string"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:complexType name="castDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="castMemberID" type="xsd:ID"/> <xsd:element name="castFirstName" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="castLastName" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="castSSN" type="ssnType" minOccurs="0"/> <xsd:element name="castGender" type="genderType"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:simpleType name="ssnType"> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> <xsd:pattern value="\d{3}-\d{2}-\d{4}"/> </xsd:restriction> </xsd:simpleType> <xsd:simpleType name="genderType"> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> <xsd:enumeration value="male"/> <xsd:enumeration value="female"/> </xsd:restriction> </xsd:simpleType> </xsd:schema> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> ===the Document=== <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <?xml-stylesheet href="movies.xsl" type="text/xsl" media="screen"?> <!-- Document : movies.xml Created on : February 6, 2006 Author : Christina Serrano Description: XML document describing movie collection --> <movieCollection xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="movies.xsd"> <movie> <movieTitle>City of God</movieTitle> <movieSynopsis> Youth gangs took over the slums of Rio de Janiero during the 1960s and didn't relinquish their stronghold until the mid-1980s. Only a sucker wouldn't have turned to crime and this is exactly how naive teen Rocket views himself. Rocket shoots all of the action with his weapon of choice, a camera. </movieSynopsis> <role> <roleIDREF>ar1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>lf1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>kf1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actress</roleType> </role> </movie> <movie> <movieTitle>Hotel Rwanda</movieTitle> <movieSynopsis> Paul Rusesabagina, the manager of a European-owned hotel in Rwanda, created a secret refugee camp for the Tutsi people during the brutal genocide committed against them by the Hutu people in 1994. His efforts helped to save 1200 lives out of close to a million who were killed. </movieSynopsis> <role> <roleIDREF>dc1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>nn1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Supporting Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>so1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actress</roleType> </role> </movie> <movie> <movieTitle>Dodgeball</movieTitle> <movieSynopsis> The story's protagonist, Peter LaFleur, is a charismatic underachiever and proprietor of a rundown gym called Average Joe's. Peter's humble gym catches the eye of White Goodman, the power-mullet-sporting, Fu-Manchu-d, egomaniacal owner of Globo Gym, a gleaming monolith of fitness. White intends to take over Average Joe's, and Peter's non-existent bookkeeping is making it all too easy for him. The only way Peter can save Average Joe's is a showdown dodgeball competition against Globo Gym. </movieSynopsis> <role> <roleIDREF>bs1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>ct1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actress</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>vv1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> </movie> <movie> <movieTitle>Meet the Parents</movieTitle> <movieSynopsis> Greg Focker is head over heels in love with his girlfriend Pam, and is ready to pop the big question. When his attempt to propose is thwarted by a phone call with the news that Pam's younger sister is getting married, Greg realizes that the key to Pam's hand in marriage lies with her formidable father. </movieSynopsis> <role> <roleIDREF>bs1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>tp1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actress</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>rd1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> </movie> <castMember> <castMemberID>ar1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Alexandre</castFirstName> <castLastName>Rodrigues</castLastName> <castSSN>867-34-2949</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>lf1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Leandro</castFirstName> <castLastName>Firmino da Hora</castLastName> <castSSN>839-59-8765</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>kf1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Karina</castFirstName> <castLastName>Falcao</castLastName> <castSSN>987-34-2958</castSSN> <castGender>female</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>dc1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Don</castFirstName> <castLastName>Cheadle</castLastName> <castSSN>849-39-4439</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>nn1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Nick</castFirstName> <castLastName>Nolte</castLastName> <castSSN>233-56-4309</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>so1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Sophie</castFirstName> <castLastName>Okonedo</castLastName> <castSSN>993-23-4958</castSSN> <castGender>female</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>rd1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Robert</castFirstName> <castLastName>De Niro</castLastName> <castSSN>489-32-5984</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>bs1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Ben</castFirstName> <castLastName>Stiller</castLastName> <castSSN>590-59-2774</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>tp1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Teri</castFirstName> <castLastName>Polo</castLastName> <castSSN>099-37-8765</castSSN> <castGender>female</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>vv1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Vince</castFirstName> <castLastName>Vaughn</castLastName> <castSSN>383-56-2095</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>ct1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Christine</castFirstName> <castLastName>Taylor</castLastName> <castSSN>309-49-4005</castSSN> <castGender>female</castGender> </castMember> </movieCollection> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> ===the Stylesheet=== <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Document : movies.xsl Created on : February 6, 2006 Author : Christina Serrano Description: XML stylesheet to format movie collection data --> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:key name="castList" match="castMember" use="castMemberID"/> <xsl:output method="html"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Movie Collection</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <H2>Movie Collection</H2> <xsl:apply-templates select="movieCollection"/> </BODY> </HTML> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="movieCollection"> <xsl:for-each select="movie"> <HR/> <BR/> <b><xsl:text>Movie Title: </xsl:text></b> <xsl:value-of select="movieTitle"/> <BR/> <BR/> <b><xsl:text>Movie Synopsis: </xsl:text></b> <xsl:value-of select="movieSynopsis"/> <BR/> <BR/> <b><xsl:text>Cast: </xsl:text></b> <BR/> <xsl:for-each select="role"> <xsl:value-of select="key('castList',roleIDREF)/castFirstName"/> <xsl:text> </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="key('castList',roleIDREF)/castLastName"/> <xsl:text>, </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="roleType"/> <BR/> <xsl:value-of select="key('castList',roleIDREF)/castGender"/> <xsl:text>, </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="key('castList',roleIDREF)/castSSN"/> <BR/> <BR/> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> == 2) Student/Class Directory == :a. Every class at a school can have many students, and each student can be registered to more than one class at a time. Create an XML schema to capture this many-to-many relationship. Be sure to include the class name, capacity, building number, building name, and room number. Also include the student first/last name separately and his or her grade for the class. :b. Using the XML schema created in part a, create an XML document and an XML stylesheet. You can make up your own data, but be sure to use at least three students for each class. ===the Schema=== <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="unqualified"> <xsd:element name="classDirectory"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="class" type="classDetails" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> <xsd:element name="studentRef" type="studentID" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <xsd:complexType name="classDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="className" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="classLocation" type="locationDetails"/> <xsd:element name="classCapacity" type="xsd:integer"/> <xsd:element name="student" type="studentValue" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:complexType name="locationDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="classRoomNumber" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="classBuildingName" type="xsd:string"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:complexType name="studentValue"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="studentIDREF" type="xsd:IDREF"/> <xsd:element name="studentGrade" type="xsd:string"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:complexType name="studentID"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="studentIDValue" type="xsd:ID"/> <xsd:element name="studentFirstName" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="studentLastName" type="xsd:string"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:schema> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> ===the Document=== <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <classDirectory xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation='unidirectory6.xsd'> <class> <className>MATH 2200</className> <classLocation> <classRoomNumber>206B</classRoomNumber> <classBuildingName>Boyd</classBuildingName> </classLocation> <classCapacity>30</classCapacity> <student> <studentIDREF>a1</studentIDREF> <studentGrade>80</studentGrade> </student> <student> <studentIDREF>a2</studentIDREF> <studentGrade>98</studentGrade> </student> <student> <studentIDREF>a3</studentIDREF> <studentGrade>76</studentGrade> </student> </class> <class> <className>JOUR 3310</className> <classLocation> <classRoomNumber>102</classRoomNumber> <classBuildingName>MLC</classBuildingName> </classLocation> <classCapacity>150</classCapacity> <student> <studentIDREF>a4</studentIDREF> <studentGrade>80</studentGrade> </student> <student> <studentIDREF>a1</studentIDREF> <studentGrade>98</studentGrade> </student> <student> <studentIDREF>a5</studentIDREF> <studentGrade>76</studentGrade> </student> </class> <studentRef> <studentIDValue>a1</studentIDValue> <studentFirstName>John</studentFirstName> <studentLastName>Smith</studentLastName> </studentRef> <studentRef> <studentIDValue>a2</studentIDValue> <studentFirstName>Katie</studentFirstName> <studentLastName>Black</studentLastName> </studentRef> <studentRef> <studentIDValue>a3</studentIDValue> <studentFirstName>Charles</studentFirstName> <studentLastName>Fisher</studentLastName> </studentRef> <studentRef> <studentIDValue>a4</studentIDValue> <studentFirstName>Sarah</studentFirstName> <studentLastName>Dawson</studentLastName> </studentRef> <studentRef> <studentIDValue>a5</studentIDValue> <studentFirstName>Alex</studentFirstName> <studentLastName>Patton</studentLastName> </studentRef> </classDirectory> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> ===the Stylesheet=== <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:key name="sList" match="studentRef" use="studentIDValue"/> <xsl:output method="html"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <head> <title>Class Directory</title> </head> <body> <xsl:apply-templates select="classDirectory"/> </body> </html> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="classDirectory"> <xsl:for-each select="class"> <b><xsl:value-of select="className"/></b> <br/> <xsl:for-each select="student"> <xsl:sort select="key('sList',studentIDREF)/studentLastName"/> <xsl:value-of select="key('sList',studentIDREF)/studentLastName"/> <xsl:text>, </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="key('sList',studentIDREF)/studentFirstName"/> <xsl:text>: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="studentGrade"/> <BR/> </xsl:for-each> <br/> <br/> </xsl:for-each> <br/> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> {{center/top}} Many-to-Many Chapter => [[../|The Many-to-Many Relationship]] Many-to-Many Exercises => [[../Exercises|Exercises]] {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} 46vl38udyx117qjd7h8gql3oohx7mfw 0 6898 4634568 3640542 2026-05-07T08:46:43Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634568 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} XHTML Chapter => [[../|XHTML]] XHTML Exercises => [[../Exercises|Exercises]] {{center/end}} ==Answer== 1. Change the HTML document below into an XHTML document conforming to the W3C's ''transitional'' standard. Validate your page using the validator available at http://validator.w3.org/. <br> == Exercise 1 == Below is an example of an invalid HTML document that contains a number of deprecated features. It is also badly structured. The document needs converting to XHTML with the content separated from the presentation. === Exercise 1.a. === a. Change the HTML document into a valid XHTML 1.0 Transitional document. Validate your page using the validator available at http://validator.w3.org/. The XHTML 1.0 Transitional document: <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Convert HTML to XHTML</title> </head> <body text="blue"> <h1>XHTML page</h1> <p><b>It is important for your site to be current with the most recent W3C standards.</b> </p> <u>Welcome</u> to my <b>page</b>.<br /> I hope that you <i>enjoy</i> your stay. <p> <font color="#9900FF" face="Arial" size="+2"> XHTML is similar to HTML </font> </p> <a href="http://validator.w3.org">Validator</a> </body> </html> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> === Exercise 1.b. === b. Starting with the model answer for question 1.a. identify all deprecated elements and attributes in the document and replace them with CSS in a linked external stylesheet. See [[HyperText Markup Language/Tag List]] for details of deprecated elements. The deprecated features are: * the <code>text</code> attribute of the <code>body</code> element; * the <code>u</code> element; and * the <code>font</code>. A possible stylesheet is: <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> body { color:blue } span#welcome { text-decoration:underline /* It is generally a bad idea to underline anything other than hyperlinks. */ } p.highlight { color:#9900FF; font-size:150%; font-family:Arial,sans-serif /* It is good practice to include one as the CSS generic font families, e.g. sans-serif, as an alternative. */ } </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> The document with deprecated features removed &#8211; note the use of the <code>id</code> and <code>class</code> attributes to provide hooks for the CSS selectors. <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Convert HTML to XHTML</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" /> </head> <body> <h1>XHTML page</h1> <p><b>It is important for your site to be current with the most recent W3C standards.</b> </p> <span id="welcome">Welcome</span> to my <b>page</b>.<br /> I hope that you <i>enjoy</i> your stay. <p class="highlight">XHTML is similar to HTML</p> <a href="http://validator.w3.org">Validator</a> </body> </html> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> === Exercise 1.c. === c. Starting with the model answer for question 1.b. replace all presentational markup with semantic markup and ensure that all inline elements are contained in block-level elements. Change the DOCTYPE to XHTML 1.0 Strict and validate the page with the W3C Markup Validation Service. The presentational elements are: * <code>b</code> * <code>i</code> * <code>br</code> The 'paragraph' beginning with a <code>span</code> element is a mixture of inline elements and text and so should be contained in a block-level element such as <code>p</code> (paragraph). The <code>a</code> (anchor) element is inline and needs enclosing in a block-level element. <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Convert HTML to XHTML</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" /> </head> <body> <h1>XHTML page</h1> <p><strong>It is important for your site to be current with the most recent W3C standards.</strong> </p> <p><span id="welcome">Welcome</span> to my <strong>page</strong>.</p> <p>I hope that you <em>enjoy</em> your stay.</p> <p class="highlight">XHTML is similar to HTML</p> <p><a href="http://validator.w3.org">Validator</a></p> </body> </html> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> <center> XHTML Chapter => [[../|XHTML]] XHTML Exercises => [[../Exercises|Exercises]] </center> {{BookCat}} 29xt41kwz7k38guy2pvix9bt7ok2o9w 4634569 4634568 2026-05-07T08:47:01Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} XHTML Chapter => [[../|XHTML]] XHTML Exercises => [[../Exercises|Exercises]] {{center/end}} ==Answer== 1. Change the HTML document below into an XHTML document conforming to the W3C's ''transitional'' standard. Validate your page using the validator available at http://validator.w3.org/. <br> == Exercise 1 == Below is an example of an invalid HTML document that contains a number of deprecated features. It is also badly structured. The document needs converting to XHTML with the content separated from the presentation. === Exercise 1.a. === a. Change the HTML document into a valid XHTML 1.0 Transitional document. Validate your page using the validator available at http://validator.w3.org/. The XHTML 1.0 Transitional document: <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Convert HTML to XHTML</title> </head> <body text="blue"> <h1>XHTML page</h1> <p><b>It is important for your site to be current with the most recent W3C standards.</b> </p> <u>Welcome</u> to my <b>page</b>.<br /> I hope that you <i>enjoy</i> your stay. <p> <font color="#9900FF" face="Arial" size="+2"> XHTML is similar to HTML </font> </p> <a href="http://validator.w3.org">Validator</a> </body> </html> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> === Exercise 1.b. === b. Starting with the model answer for question 1.a. identify all deprecated elements and attributes in the document and replace them with CSS in a linked external stylesheet. See [[HyperText Markup Language/Tag List]] for details of deprecated elements. The deprecated features are: * the <code>text</code> attribute of the <code>body</code> element; * the <code>u</code> element; and * the <code>font</code>. A possible stylesheet is: <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> body { color:blue } span#welcome { text-decoration:underline /* It is generally a bad idea to underline anything other than hyperlinks. */ } p.highlight { color:#9900FF; font-size:150%; font-family:Arial,sans-serif /* It is good practice to include one as the CSS generic font families, e.g. sans-serif, as an alternative. */ } </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> The document with deprecated features removed &#8211; note the use of the <code>id</code> and <code>class</code> attributes to provide hooks for the CSS selectors. <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Convert HTML to XHTML</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" /> </head> <body> <h1>XHTML page</h1> <p><b>It is important for your site to be current with the most recent W3C standards.</b> </p> <span id="welcome">Welcome</span> to my <b>page</b>.<br /> I hope that you <i>enjoy</i> your stay. <p class="highlight">XHTML is similar to HTML</p> <a href="http://validator.w3.org">Validator</a> </body> </html> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> === Exercise 1.c. === c. Starting with the model answer for question 1.b. replace all presentational markup with semantic markup and ensure that all inline elements are contained in block-level elements. Change the DOCTYPE to XHTML 1.0 Strict and validate the page with the W3C Markup Validation Service. The presentational elements are: * <code>b</code> * <code>i</code> * <code>br</code> The 'paragraph' beginning with a <code>span</code> element is a mixture of inline elements and text and so should be contained in a block-level element such as <code>p</code> (paragraph). The <code>a</code> (anchor) element is inline and needs enclosing in a block-level element. <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Convert HTML to XHTML</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" /> </head> <body> <h1>XHTML page</h1> <p><strong>It is important for your site to be current with the most recent W3C standards.</strong> </p> <p><span id="welcome">Welcome</span> to my <strong>page</strong>.</p> <p>I hope that you <em>enjoy</em> your stay.</p> <p class="highlight">XHTML is similar to HTML</p> <p><a href="http://validator.w3.org">Validator</a></p> </body> </html> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> {{center/top}} XHTML Chapter => [[../|XHTML]] XHTML Exercises => [[../Exercises|Exercises]] {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} 7aw1x7pizyjjjuly8i3iupecc845bvm 0 8509 4634561 4052960 2026-05-07T08:43:45Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634561 wikitext text/x-wiki {{XML-MDE|prev=AJAX|next=XMLHTTP}} {| cellspacing="10" cellpadding="10" border="5" |- | <font size=4>'''Learning objectives'''</font> <br> <ul> <li> <font size=3> To understand web services, and what they can do.</font></li> <li> <font size=3> To know what SOAP is, and what web services use it for. </font></li> <li> <font size=3> To know what Web Services Description Language is, and how to read a WSDL file.</font></li> <li> <font size=3> To know what the Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) standard is.</font></li> <li> <font size=3> To understand how to use Java to connect to a web service.</font></li> </ul> | sponsored by: {{center/top}} <font size=3>'''The University of Georgia'''</font> <font size=5 color=#990000>'''Terry College of Business'''</font> <font size=3>'''Department of Management Information Systems'''</font> {{center/end}} |} == Web Services Overview == '''Web Services''' are a new breed of Web application. They are self-contained, self-describing, modular applications that can be published, located, and invoked across the Web. Web services perform functions, which can be anything from simple requests to complicated business processes. Once a Web service is deployed, other applications (and other Web services) can discover and invoke the deployed service. Web services make use of XML to describe the request and response, and HTTP as its network transport. The primary difference between a Web Service and a '''web application''' relates to collaboration. Web applications are simply business applications which are located or invoked using web protocols. Similarly, Web Services also perform computing functions remotely over a network. However, Web Services use internet protocols with the specific intent of enabling inter operable machine to machine coordination. Web Services have emerged as a solution to problems associated with distributed computing. '''Distributed computing''' is the use of multiple systems to perform a function rather than having a single system perform it. The previous technologies used in distributed computing, primarily Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) and Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM), had some limitations. For example, neither has achieved complete platform independence or easy transport over firewalls. Additionally, DCOM is not vendor independent, being a Microsoft product. Some of the primary needs for a distributed computing standard were: <ul> <li>Cross-platform support for Business to Business, as well as internal, communication.</li> <li>Concordance with existing Internet infrastructure as much as possible.</li> <li>Scalability, both in number and complexity of nodes.</li> <li>Internalization.</li> <li>Tolerance of failure.</li> <li>Vendor independence.</li> <li>Suitability for trivial and non-trivial requests.</li> </ul> Over time, business information systems became highly configured and differentiated. This inevitably made system interaction extremely costly and time consuming. Developers began realizing the benefits of standardizing Web Service development. Using web standards seemed to be an intuitive and logical step toward attaining these goals. Web standards already provided a platform independent means for system communication and were readily accepted by information system users. The end result was the development of Web Services. A Web Service forms a distributed environment, in which objects can be accessed remotely via standardized interfaces. It uses a three-tiered model, defining a service provider, a service consumer, and a service broker. This allows the Web Service to be a loose relationship, so that if a service provider goes down, the broker can always direct consumers to another one. Similarly, there are many brokers, so consumers can always find an available one. For communication, Web Services use open Web standards: TCP/IP, HTTP, and XML based SOAP. At higher levels technologies such as XAML, XLANG, (transactional support for complex web transactions involving multiple web services) and XKMS (ongoing work by Microsoft and Verisign to support authentication and registration) might be added. == SOAP == [[File:SOAP.svg|thumb|right|220px|SOAP structure]] '''Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)''' is a method for sending information to and from Web Services in an extensible format. SOAP can be used to send information or remote procedure calls encoded as XML. Essentially, SOAP serves as a universally accepted method of communication with web services. Businesses adhere to the SOAP conventions in order to simplify the process of interacting with Web Services. <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <SOAP:Envelope xmlns:SOAP="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <SOAP:Header> <!-- SOAP header --> </SOAP:Header> <SOAP:Body SOAP:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"> <!-- SOAP body --> </SOAP:Body> </SOAP:Envelope> </syntaxhighlight> A SOAP message contains either a request method for invoking a Web Service, or contains response information to a Web Service request. Adhering to this layout when developing independent Web Services provides notable benefits to the businesses. Due to the fact that Web Applications are designed to be utilized by a myriad of actors, developers want them to be easily adoptable. Using established and familiar standards of communication ultimately reduces the amount of effort it takes users to effectively interact with a Web Service. The SOAP Envelope is used for defining and organizing the content contained in Web Service messages. Primarily, the SOAP envelope serves to indicate that the specified document will be used for service interaction. It contains an optional SOAP Header and a SOAP Body. Messages are sent in the SOAP body, and the SOAP head is used for sending other information that wouldn't be expected in the body. For example, if the SOAP:actor attribute is present in the SOAP header, it indicates who the recipient of the message should be. A web service transaction involves a SOAP request and a SOAP response. The example we will be using is a Web Service provided by Weather.gov. The input is latitude, longitude, a start date, how many days of forecast information desired, and the format of the data. The SOAP request will look like this: <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?/> <SOAP-ENV:Envelope SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <SOAP-ENV:Body> <m:NDFDgenByDayRequest xmlns:SOAPSDK1="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl"> <latitude xsi:type="xsd:decimal">33.955464</latitude> <longitude xsi:type="xsd:decimal">-83.383245</longitude> <startDate xsi:type="xsd:date"></startDate> <numDays xsi:type="xsd:integer">1</numDays> <format>24 Hourly</format> </m:NDFDgenByDayRequest> </SOAP-ENV:Body> </SOAP-ENV:Envelope> </syntaxhighlight> The startDate was left empty because this will automatically get the most recent data. The format data type is not defined because it is defined in the WSDL document. The response SOAP looks like this. <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?/> <SOAP-ENV:Envelope SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <SOAP-ENV:Body> <NDFDgenByDayResponse xmlns:SOAPSDK1="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl"> <dwmlByDayOut xsi:type="xsd:string">.....</dwmlByDayOut> </NDFDgenByDayResponse> </SOAP-ENV:Body> </SOAP-ENV:Envelope> </syntaxhighlight> SOAP handles data by encoding it on the sender side and decoding it on the receiver side. The data types handled by SOAP are based on the W3C XML Schema specification. Simple types include strings, integers, floats, and doubles, while compound types are made up of primitive types. <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <element name="name" type="xsd:string" /> <SOAP:Array SOAP:arrayType="xsd:string[2]"> <string>Web</string> <string>Services</string> </SOAP:Array> </syntaxhighlight> Because they are text based, SOAP messages generally have no problem getting through firewalls or other barriers. They are the ideal way to pass information to and from web services. == Service Description - WSDL == '''Web Service Description Language (WSDL)''' was created to provide information about how to connect to and query a specific Web Service. This document also adheres to strict formatting and organizational guidelines. However, the methods, parameters, and service information are application specific. Web Services perform different functionality and contain independent information, however they are all organized the same way. By creating a standard organizational architecture for these services, developers can effectively invoke and utilize them with little to no familiarization. To use a web service, a developer can follow the design standards of the WSDL to easily determine all the information and procedures associated with its usage. Essentially, a WSDL document serves as an instruction for interacting with a Web Service. It contains no application logic, giving the service a level of autonomy. This enables users to effectively interact with the service without having to understand its inner workings. The following is an example of a WSDL file for a web service that provides a temperature, given a U.S. zip code. <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <?xml version="1.0"?> <definitions xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:si="http://soapinterop.org/xsd" xmlns:tns="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl" xmlns:typens="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/schema/DWML.xsd" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" targetNamespace="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl> <types> <xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/schema/DWML.xsd"> <xsd:import namespace="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" /> <xsd:import namespace="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" /> <xsd:simpleType name="formatType"> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> <xsd:enumeration value="24 hourly" /> <xsd:enumeration value="12 hourly" /> </xsd:restriction> </xsd:simpleType> <xsd:simpleType name="productType"> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> <xsd:enumeration value="time-series" /> <xsd:enumeration value="glance" /> </xsd:restriction> </xsd:simpleType> <xsd:complexType name="weatherParametersType"> <xsd:all> <xsd:element name="maxt" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="mint" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="temp" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="dew" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="pop12" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="qpf" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="sky" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="snow" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="wspd" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="wdir" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="wx" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="waveh" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="icons" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="rh" type="xsd:boolean" /> <xsd:element name="appt" type="xsd:boolean" /> </xsd:all> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:schema> </types> <message name="NDFDgenRequest"> <part name="latitude" type="xsd:decimal"/> <part name="longitude" type="xsd:decimal" /> <part name="product" type="typens:productType" /> <part name="startTime" type="xsd:dateTime" /> <part name="endTime" type="xsd:dateTime" /> <part name="weatherParameters" type="typens:weatherParametersType" /> </message> <message name="NDFDgenResponse"> <part name="dwmlOut" type="xsd:string" /> </message> <message name="NDFDgenByDayRequest"> <part name="latitude" type="xsd:decimal" /> <part name="longitude" type="xsd:decimal" /> <part name="startDate" type="xsd:date" /> <part name="numDays" type="xsd:integer" /> <part name="format" type="typens:formatType" /> </message> <message name="NDFDgenByDayResponse"> <part name="dwmlByDayOut" type="xsd:string" /> </message> <portType name="ndfdXMLPortType"> <operation name="NDFDgen"> <documentation> Returns National Weather Service digital weather forecast data </documentation> <input message="tns:NDFDgenRequest" /> <output message="tns:NDFDgenResponse" /> </operation> <operation name="NDFDgenByDay"> <documentation> Returns National Weather Service digital weather forecast data summarized over either 24- or 12-hourly periods </documentation> <input message="tns:NDFDgenByDayRequest" /> <output message="tns:NDFDgenByDayResponse" /> </operation> </portType> <binding name="ndfdXMLBinding" type="tns:ndfdXMLPortType"> <soap:binding style="rpc" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" /> <operation name="NDFDgen"> <soap:operation soapAction="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl#NDFDgen" style="rpc" /> <input> <soap:body use="encoded" namespace="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" /> </input> <output> <soap:body use="encoded" namespace="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" /> </output> </operation> <operation name="NDFDgenByDay"> <soap:operation soapAction="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl#NDFDgenByDay" style="rpc" /> <input> <soap:body use="encoded" namespace="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" /> </input> <output> <soap:body use="encoded" namespace="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" /> </output> </operation> </binding> <service name="ndfdXML"> <documentation>The service has two exposed functions, NDFDgen and NDFDgenByDay. For the NDFDgen function, the client needs to provide a latitude and longitude pair and the product type. The client also needs to provide the start and end time of the period that it wants data for. For the time-series product, the client needs to provide an array of boolean values corresponding to which weather values should appear in the time series product. For the NDFDgenByDay function, the client needs to provide a latitude and longitude pair, the date it wants to start retrieving data for and the number of days worth of data. The client also needs to provide the format that is desired.</documentation> <port name="ndfdXMLPort" binding="tns:ndfdXMLBinding"> <soap:address location="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/SOAP_server/ndfdXMLserver.php" /> </port> </service> </definitions> </syntaxhighlight> The WSDL file defines a service, made up of different endpoints, called ports. The port is made up of a network address and a binding. <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <service name="ndfdXML"> <documentation>The service has two exposed functions, NDFDgen and NDFDgenByDay. For the NDFDgen function, the client needs to provide a latitude and longitude pair and the product type. The client also needs to provide the start and end time of the period that it wants data for. For the time-series product, the client needs to provide an array of boolean values corresponding to which weather values should appear in the time series product. For the NDFDgenByDay function, the client needs to provide a latitude and longitude pair, the date it wants to start retrieving data for and the number of days worth of data. The client also needs to provide the format that is desired.</documentation> <port name="ndfdXMLPort" binding="tns:ndfdXMLBinding"> <soap:address location="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/SOAP_server/ndfdXMLserver.php" /> </port> </service> </syntaxhighlight> The binding identifies the binding style and protocol for each operation. In this case, it uses Remote Procedure Call style binding, using SOAP. <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <binding name="ndfdXMLBinding" type="tns:ndfdXMLPortType"> <soap:binding style="rpc" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" /> <operation name="NDFDgen"> <soap:operation soapAction="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl#NDFDgen" style="rpc" /> <input> <soap:body use="encoded" namespace="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" /> </input> <output> <soap:body use="encoded" namespace="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" /> </output> </operation> <operation name="NDFDgenByDay"> <soap:operation soapAction="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl#NDFDgenByDay" style="rpc" /> <input> <soap:body use="encoded" namespace="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" /> </input> <output> <soap:body use="encoded" namespace="http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" /> </output> </operation> </binding> </syntaxhighlight> Port Types are abstract collections of operations. In this case, the operation is getTemp. <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <portType name="ndfdXMLPortType"> <operation name="NDFDgen"> <documentation> Returns National Weather Service digital weather forecast data </documentation> <input message="tns:NDFDgenRequest" /> <output message="tns:NDFDgenResponse" /> </operation> <operation name="NDFDgenByDay"> <documentation> Returns National Weather Service digital weather forecast data summarized over either 24- or 12-hourly periods </documentation> <input message="tns:NDFDgenByDayRequest" /> <output message="tns:NDFDgenByDayResponse" /> </operation> </portType> </syntaxhighlight> Finally, messages are used by the operations to communicate - in other words, to pass parameters and return values. <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <message name="NDFDgenByDayRequest"> <part name="latitude" type="xsd:decimal" /> <part name="longitude" type="xsd:decimal" /> <part name="startDate" type="xsd:date" /> <part name="numDays" type="xsd:integer" /> <part name="format" type="typens:formatType" /> </message> <message name="NDFDgenByDayResponse"> <part name="dwmlByDayOut" type="xsd:string" /> </message> </syntaxhighlight> From the WSDL file, a consumer should be able to access data in a web service. For a more detailed analysis of how this particular web service, please visit [http://www.weather.gov/xml/ Weather.gov] == Service Discovery - UDDI == You've seen how WSDL can be used to share interface definitions for Web Services, but how do you go about finding a Web Service in the first place? There are countless independent Web Services that are developed and maintained by just as many different organizations. Upon adopting Web Service practices and methodologies, developers sought to foster the involvement and creative reuse of their systems. It soon became apparent that there was a need for an enumerated record of these services and their respective locations. This information would empower developers to leverage the best practices and processes of Web Services quickly and easily. Additionally, having a central reference of current Web Service capabilities enables developers avoid developing redundant applications. UDDI defines registries in which services can be published and found. The UDDI specification was creaed by Microsoft, Ariba, and IBM. UDDI defines a data structure and Application Programming Interface (API). In the three-tier model mentioned before, UDDI is the service broker. Its function is to enable service consumers to find appropriate service providers. Connecting to UDDI registries using Java can be accomplished through the Java API for XML Registries (JAXR). JAXR creates a layer of abstraction, so that it can be used with UDDI and other types of XML Registries, such as the ebXML Registry and Repository standard. == Using Java With Web Services == To execute a SOAP message, an application must be used to communicate with the service provider. Due to its flexibility, almost any programming language can be used to execute SOAP message. For our purposes, however, we will be focusing on using Java to interact with Web Services. Using Java with web services requires some external libraries. <ul> <li>Apache SOAP Toolkit</li> <li>Java Mail Framework</li> <li>JavaBeans Activation Framework</li> <li>Xerces XML parser</li> </ul> Let's go through using Java to query the Temperature Web Service we talked about earlier. <syntaxhighlight lang="java"> import java.io.*; import java.net.*; import java.util.*; import org.apache.soap.util.xml.*; import org.apache.soap.*; import org.apache.soap.rpc.*; public class TempClient { public static float getTemp (URL url, String zipcode) throws Exception { Call call = new Call (); // Service uses standard SOAP encoding String encodingStyleURI = Constants.NS_URI_SOAP_ENC; call.setEncodingStyleURI(encodingStyleURI); // Set service locator parameters call.setTargetObjectURI ("urn:xmethods-Temperature"); call.setMethodName ("getTemp"); // Create input parameter vector Vector params = new Vector (); params.addElement (new Parameter("zipcode", String.class, zipcode, null)); call.setParams (params); // Invoke the service .... Response resp = call.invoke (url,""); // ... and evaluate the response if (resp.generatedFault ()) { throw new Exception(); } else { // Call was successful. Extract response parameter and return result Parameter result = resp.getReturnValue (); Float rate=(Float) result.getValue(); return rate.floatValue(); } } // Driver to illustrate service invocation public static void main(String[] args) { try { URL url=new URL("http://services.xmethods.net:80/soap/servlet/rpcrouter"); String zipcode= "30605"; float temp = getTemp(url,zipcode); System.out.println(temp); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } </syntaxhighlight> This Java code effectively hides all the SOAP from the user. It invokes the target object by name and URL, and sets the parameter ''zipcode''. But what does the underlying SOAP Request look like? <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <soap:Envelope xmlns:n="urn:xmethods-Temperature" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <soap:Body soap:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"> <n:getTemp> <zipcode xsi:type="xs:string">30605</zipcode> </n:getTemp> </soap:Body> </soap:Envelope> </syntaxhighlight> As you see, the SOAP request uses the parameters passed in by the Java Call to fill out the SOAP envelope and direct the message. Similarly, the response comes back into the Java program as '70.0'. The response SOAP is also hidden by the Java program. <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <SOAP-ENV:Body> <ns1:getTempResponse xmlns:ns1="urn:xmethods-Temperature" SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"> <return xsi:type="xsd:float">70.0</return> </ns1:getTempResponse> </SOAP-ENV:Body> </SOAP-ENV:Envelope> </syntaxhighlight> Here's an additional example of using Java and SOAP to interact with Web Services. This particular Web Service is called the "US Zip Validator" and takes a ZipCode as a parameter, which then returns a corresponding latitude and longitude. When developing applications to interact with Web Services, the first step should be to review the WSDL document. The WSDL document for this service is located here: [http://www.webservicemart.com/uszip.asmx?WSDL http://www.webservicemart.com/uszip.asmx?WSDL] This document will contain all the necessary instructions for interacting with the "US Zip Validator" Web Service. '''SOAPClient4XG''' Modified by - Duncan McAllister From: [http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/library/x-soapcl/ http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/library/x-soapcl/] <syntaxhighlight lang="java"> import java.io.*; import java.net.*; import java.util.*; public class SOAPClient4XG { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { args = new String[2]; args[0] = "http://services.xmethods.net:80/soap/servlet/rpcrouter"; args[1] = "SOAPrequest.xml"; if (args.length < 2) { System.err.println("Usage: java SOAPClient4XG " + "http://soapURL soapEnvelopefile.xml" + " [SOAPAction]"); System.err.println("SOAPAction is optional."); System.exit(1); } String SOAPUrl = args[0]; String xmlFile2Send = args[1]; String SOAPAction = ""; // Create the connection where we're going to send the file. URL url = new URL(SOAPUrl); URLConnection connection = url.openConnection(); HttpURLConnection httpConn = (HttpURLConnection) connection; // Open the input file. After we copy it to a byte array, we can see // how big it is so that we can set the HTTP Cotent-Length // property. (See complete e-mail below for more on this.) FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(xmlFile2Send); ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); // Copy the SOAP file to the open connection. copy(fin,bout); fin.close(); byte[] b = bout.toByteArray(); // Set the appropriate HTTP parameters. httpConn.setRequestProperty( "Content-Length", String.valueOf( b.length ) ); httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","text/xml; charset=utf-8"); httpConn.setRequestProperty("SOAPAction",SOAPAction); httpConn.setRequestMethod( "POST" ); httpConn.setDoOutput(true); httpConn.setDoInput(true); // Everything's set up; send the XML that was read in to b. OutputStream out = httpConn.getOutputStream(); out.write( b ); out.close(); // Read the response and write it to standard out. InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(httpConn.getInputStream()); BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(isr); String inputLine; while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) System.out.println(inputLine); in.close(); } // copy method from From E.R. Harold's book "Java I/O" public static void copy(InputStream in, OutputStream out) throws IOException { // do not allow other threads to read from the // input or write to the output while copying is // taking place synchronized (in) { synchronized (out) { byte[] buffer = new byte[256]; while (true) { int bytesRead = in.read(buffer); if (bytesRead == -1) break; out.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead); } } } } } </syntaxhighlight> This Java class refers to an XML document(SOAPRequest.xml), which is used as the SOAP message. This document should be included in the same project folder as the Java application invoking the service. After reviewing the "US Zip Validator" WSDL document, it is clear that we would like to invoke the "getTemp" method. This information is contained within the SOAP body and includes the appropriate parameters. '''SOAPRequest.xml''' <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <soap:Envelope xmlns:n="urn:xmethods-Temperature" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <soap:Body soap:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"> <n:getTemp> <zipcode xsi:type="xs:string">30605</zipcode> </n:getTemp> </soap:Body> </soap:Envelope> </syntaxhighlight> Following a successful interaction, the Web Service provider will provide a response that is similar in format to the user request. When developing in NetBeans, run this project and examine the subsequent SOAP message response in the Tomcat output window. ==Web Services with Netbeans== The Netbeans version used for this explanation is 5.0. After Netbeans is open, click on the "Runtime" tab on the left pane, then right-click "Web Services" and select "Add Web Service." In the "URL" field, enter the address of the web service WSDL file, in our example above it is "http://www.weather.gov/forecasts/xml/DWMLgen/wsdl/ndfdXML.wsdl" and click Get Web Service Description. This will bring up the information of the web service. </p> ==Summary== {| style="background: linen; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em; width: 100%;" |- | Web services are applications that use XML to communicate with many different systems to perform a task. To facilitate the use of web services, protocols were developed that allow them to be flexible and scalable. SOAP is used to send and define information and WSDL was created to provide information about how to connect to and query a web service. UDDI describes where these web services can be found. |- |} ==[[/Exercises|Exercises]]== ==[[/Answers|Answers]]== ==[[/Appendix|Appendix]]== == References and Links == <ul> <li>[http://www.weather.gov/xml/ Weather.gov]</li> <li>[http://www.webservices.org/ WebServices.org]</li> <li>[http://www.w3.org/2002/ws/ W3C's Web Services Reference]</li> <li>[http://www.uddi.org/ UDDI.org]</li> <li>[http://www.xmethods.net/ XMethods.net]</li> <li>[http://java.sun.com/xml/jaxr/ Java API for XML Registries]</li> <li>[http://ws.apache.org/soap/ Apache SOAP Toolkit]</li> <li>[http://java.sun.com/products/javamail/ JavaMail Framework]</li> <li>[http://java.sun.com/products/javabeans/glasgow/jaf.html Java Activation Framework]</li> <li>[http://xml.apache.org/xerces-j/ Xerces Java Parser]</li> <li>Jasnowski, Mike. ''Java, XML, and Web Services Bible''</li> <li>[http://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/ Microsoft Web Services]</li> <li>http://www.xml.com/</li> <li>http://www.w3schools.com/soap/soap_intro.asp</li> <li>http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/XML_-_Managing_Data_Exchange/Web_services</li> <li>http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-soap12-part0-20070427/</li> <li>http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,1895,1589730,00.asp</li> <li>http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/library/x-soapcl/</li> </ul> {{BookCat}} 49lr7myw3krs20pg1u1avhoyuseq01d 0 12773 4634604 3362182 2026-05-07T09:41:43Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634604 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Urdu title.gif|center]] {{center/top}}'''Urdu''' {| cellspacing="15" style="margin: auto;" |[[Image:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg|130px|border|The national flag of Pakistan]] |[[Image:Flag_of_India.svg|130px|border|The national flag of India]] |} {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} kv266qbzqpffavjz7jp3dt9qyc5lv07 3 15929 4634530 4633526 2026-05-06T23:55:47Z Panic2k4 2865 /* Working on it... */ added 4634530 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Return|to=User:Panic2k4}} <div style="background-color: #c0cfcf"> {| align=right class=PrettyTextBox style="-moz-border-radius: 1em;" cellspacing="3" |- valign="top" |width="45%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; color: #000; background-color: #c0c0cf; | <div style="padding: .4em .9em .9em"> {{User talk:Panic2k4/Header}} {{center|1='''ASK QUESTIONS'''}} ;If you are going to ask any question first take some time and take a look into<br> [http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html#intro How To Ask Questions The Smart Way ]... txs ---- {{center|1='''REPORT BUGS'''}} ;If you are going to report a BUG please take the time to look at this Guide first<br> [http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/bugs.html How to Report Bugs].</div> |align=center cellspacing="3" width="20%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; color: #000; background-color: #c0c0c0"| <div style="padding: .4em .9em .9em"> <small> <h1>'''Archives'''</h1> {{center|1=[[User Talk:Panic2k4/Archive2|here]] and in [[User Talk:Panic2k4/Archive1|Archive]].}} '''C++ Programming''' old discussion moved to<br>[[User Talk:Panic2k4/Archive2|Archive 2]], [[User Talk:Panic2k4/Archive3|Archive]]<br> '''The user blocks saga''' old post moved to <br>[[User Talk:Panic2k4/block|blocks]]<br> '''essays'''<br> [[User:Panic2k4/How To Do Nothing|How To Do Nothing]]</small></div> |- |colspan="2" width="80%" | <div style="padding: .4em .9em .9em"> <div style="background-color: #cfcfcf"> == Working on it... == [[User:Panic2k4/Educational overview of consensus in human society|Understanding Consensus: How Groups Make Fair Decisions and Protect Everyone’s Voice]] - (archived)<br> [[User:Panic2k4/Church of I|'''Chuch of I: The path to a consistent and coherent meta-physics''']] - (active)<br> [[User:Panic2k4/Decision making and Community consensus on Wikibooks|'''Essay on Decision making and Community consensus on Wikibooks''']] - (active)<br> [[User:Panic2k4/Historical and Linguistic Report on the Rise of English|'''Report: Historical and Linguistic on the Rise of English''']] - (active)<br> [[User:Panic2k4/Improving English-Algorithmical|''Why Might '''algorithmical''' Be Missing from English?'']] - (active)<br> <big>[[User:Panic2k4/No Magical Thinking Required: Pioneer Anomaly Case Solved|'''No Magical Thinking Required: Pioneer Anomaly Case Solved''']]</big><br> <big>[[User:Panic2k4/Et tu, BBC?|'''Et tu, BBC? From External Projection to Internal Emotional Management''']]</big><br> <big>[[User:Panic2k4/Language as Conceptual Encoding Why Social‑Action‑First Theories Fail|Language as Conceptual Encoding: Why Social‑Action‑First Theories Fail]]</big><br> <big>[[User:Panic2k4/Knowledge, Coordination, and the Human Condition How Institutions Learned to Control Information|Knowledge, Coordination, and the Human Condition: How Institutions Learned to Control Information]]</big><br> <big>[[User:Panic2k4/Artificial Mankind The Self‑Domestication of Man]]</big><br> {{dynamic navigation |title = Other planed '''Essays''' |bodystyle=text-align:left; |body = <span class="plainlinks"> [[/Arbitration and it's applicability to Administrative actions|'''Essay on Arbitration and it's applicability to Administrative actions''']] - (stub) arbitrations, unblock, beyond wikiworld (real world liabilities), how to address events or accusations if you don't have prof or are not involved, great example [[http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Wikibooks%3AVotes_for_deletion&diff=769516&oldid=769429 here]] .<br> [[/User Blocks (best practices)|'''Essay on User Blocks (best practices)''']]- (stub) how to avoid abuses, proxys other limitations on how to make people comply if not in good faith<br> [[/Be Bold and restrictions|'''Essay on Be Bold and restrictions''']]- (stub) define the general restrictions (format, scope)<br> [[/Administrators (users on a task)|'''Essay on Administrators (users on a task)''']] - (stub) no special insight, common users on a task<br> [[/Authors and Contributor|'''Essay on Authors and Contributor''']] - (stub) Darklama/Whiteknigh view, history pages, anonymous contributions and IDs (to be extended on the another essay), real world liabilities (on copyright), Moving control toward a defined book community (see [[User:Whiteknight/Primary Authors|Primary Authors]] and argue against the Essay concept)<br> [[/Forks|'''Essay on Forks''']] - (stub) show my divergences even with [[http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.science.linguistics.wikipedia.technical/14252 Jimbo on the forks]] (related to the C++ fork).<br> [[/GFDL and copyright|'''Essay on the GFDL and copyright''']] - (stub) Darklama/WitheKnight view, erroneous identification (or claims of abuse of copyright), history pages problems and abuses or simply as misinformation, GFDL and Documentation (not software), WMF and GFDL/FSF, [[Wikibooks:Copyrights]], GFDL [http://www.fsf.org/licensing/licenses/gpl-violation.html violation] (only copyright holders), [http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html Copyright Law of the United States of America], [[Wikibooks:Ownership]]<br> [[/CrossTalk|'''Essay on using back channels to promote hegemony ''']] (see also [[User:Panic2k4/A house with no law(n)]])</span>}} {{dynamic navigation |title = NOTES |bodystyle=text-align:left; |body = {{NOTE|note= [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:The_World_of_Peer-to-Peer_%28P2P%29 Examine and mine this] comment try to find a place for the info (P2P) --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] 04:21, 14 March 2007 (UTC) ---- Guideline needed to process and address requests of copyvio --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] 18:55, 27 February 2007 (UTC) ---- Find out what happened to the C++ Programming discussion archives. ---- '''Math exercises and info'''[http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk%3APanic2k4&diff=1038225&oldid=1038224 1] move contribution of side project into wikibooks under a) general page to be used by others OR b) have to look for the proper places to include the stuff... --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] 20:15, 25 November 2007 (UTC) ---- [http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk%3AMike.lifeguard&diff=1257855&oldid=1257291 User talk:Mike.lifeguard talk posts regarding speedy deletion, vfd and C++ toc] --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|talk]]) 18:11, 18 January 2009 (UTC) }} }} {{center|1=[http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Panic2k4&action=edit&section=new Leave a new message]}} </div></div> |} </div> {{-}} == [[Elements of Political Communication]] == Hi there,<br /> Since there isn't really a "peer review" process that I know of on Wikibooks, I was wondering if you could do me a favor. I've been working on [[Elements of Political Communication]] for a year or so, off and on when I had the time. At some point (though I'm not sure when) I'd like to nominate it for featured book status, but I still have a number of changes to make. I was wondering if you could skim through it and give me a few thoughts on style, structure, format, or anything else that crosses your mind. I've tried to keep it readable, printable, and most importantly, practical. It uses a [[Template:Quiz|new template]], so that probably should be checked out for any potential issues, too. If it isn't really your thing, could you possibly direct me to an editor who might help? Thanks a ton, &ndash; [[User:Runfellow|Runfellow]] ([[User talk:Runfellow|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Runfellow|contribs]]) 16:51, 16 November 2012 (UTC) :In regards to functioning and structure beyond the accepted conventions there has been many divergent views. I will gladly take a look and comment according to my preferences. :I'm not a great supporter of the featured book process, but understand the validity of the goal of providing readers the more complete works. :If you are after a preview of the process (by having the general community review the book outside of the featured book process itself) you could place an announcement on the [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Projects]] or you could first attempt to get an idea from those reading/editing/interested in the specific work ([http://stats.grok.se/en.b/latest60/Elements_of_Political_Communication Elements of Political Communication has been viewed 423 times in the last 60 days]) by adding a information box linking and promoting a dialog on the talk page. --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 07:31, 17 November 2012 (UTC) :One thing that I dislike but it is more a software limitation is having a large list of references/notes at the bottom of a page and it is one motive why I do not use beyond directly mentioning them in the text (or linking to Wikipedia where the reader can get more details and editors maintain the information). :As an on-line reader I also prefer larger pages than a need to navigate across the work, especially if some of the pages have no real content in it. I have in my works attempted to join my need as an editor to have a larger view of the content with that reader preference (even useful for section printing) and attempt to provide a full chapter as a single page. Some people like it some don't but it can be done easily with wiki trasclusions and keep both sides happy (don't remember how it works out with the references/notes). :I like the entry page, I would only move the search box up a bit since you provide navigation into subsections a online reader that is revisiting or someone that is just browsing may need to use it more than once and having it in the bottom of the page in todays widescreen setups is a bit bothersome. --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 07:47, 17 November 2012 (UTC) ::Featured Book status obviously isn't a huge deal, just a way to spread the word a bit more and have a little fun. Regarding the references, I admit the structure is not very intuitive for more novice editors, but I think it works well for the time being as a consistent system that avoids the clutter you're talking about. On the subject of larger pages, I'll look into doing an transclusions, but a) I'm also keenly aware of the average person's reading habits online and b) the eventual goal here is to expand the content of each page, slowly but surely, with practical and useful information. I'll see about moving the search box; everything is a bit tightly packed in there right now that there's little room to maneuver. &ndash; [[User:Runfellow|Runfellow]] ([[User talk:Runfellow|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Runfellow|contribs]]) 16:47, 20 November 2012 (UTC) == Migration of other controversial content == Hi Panic, I was thinking it might be good to migrate most of the content from [[wikiindex:NewgonWiki|NewgonWiki]] and [[wikiindex:BoyWiki|BoyWiki]] over here. I'm not sure what the title of the book(s) would be; perhaps [[boylove]], [[intergenerational sexuality]], or [[sexual emancipation of minors]], or something. This [https://www.newgon.com/wiki/Debate_Guide debate guide] provides some interesting arguments, for instance. I'm not too familiar with the norms around here. Sometimes policy can say one thing, and practice can be quite another. Are one-sided polemics considered okay for inclusion? I figure, someone can create another book with polemics from the opposing viewpoint, so in that way, balance between different arguments can be achieved. On some Wikimedia wikis, the topic of adult-child sexual relationships is so touchy that even advocating that this type of content be included could be considered grounds for banning the user. I don't see any such policy here, but I'm not in a mood to get banned, so I thought I'd ask first. Also, even if the reaction wouldn't be a ban, I don't like to create content that's just going to be deleted. Thanks, [[User:Leucosticte|Leucosticte]] ([[User talk:Leucosticte|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leucosticte|contribs]]) 23:51, 24 October 2014 (UTC) :First I must confess that the subject in itself is something that I find displeasing in certain circumstances/context, but at the same time will acknowledge the need of making it visible and not hidden or made into a taboo. Humans are complex and society is often restrictive to fringe behaviors and minorities (for many reasons some bad others good). :Having established that I would support the creation of a work regarding the subject if it conforms to a textbook with educational value, there are already books that could probably include this subject maybe [[Abnormal Sexual Psychology]]... :As for keeping a specific viewpoint you will need to cement that as the specificity of the scope of the book and provide for a book specific community record/forum to process and approve changes and core modification so that they may be consensual and reduce interference for non-contributors. Note that due to its controversial nature there will be a high probability that someone will attempt to get the Wikibook's community in general to delete the project. It would certainly need extra care as to stay within our project's guidelines, if so then it is all up for to the value of the content and the argumentation for its existence here. --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 06:11, 25 October 2014 (UTC) == Cannot vs. can not on [[Computer Science Design Patterns/Singleton|Singleton Pattern]] == My apologies for the hasty edit. After some research, there does seem to be [http://english.stackexchange.com/a/4516 a lot of discussion] on the subject, and [http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/cannot Oxford Dictionaries] states that can not is also acceptable. Cheers, [[User:Hardwigg|Hardwigg]] ([[User talk:Hardwigg|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Hardwigg|contribs]]) 18:09, 4 December 2014 (UTC) :No problem its interesting how any living language evolves and is shaped by its use. Somethings we like or see as logical and acceptable others we dislike or become annoyances by how they create exceptions to normal rules. In this case I see "cannot" as a creep of the way dialog passes into writing and as an unnecessary innovation that at best shows a modicum of laziness as I can't see any added value... --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 20:40, 4 December 2014 (UTC) :: &lt;dropping in on the conversation&gt; :: Interesting. To me "cannot" and "can not" mean different things, and "cannot" is much more often wanted. If somebody can not do something, I understand that to mean they are able to not do it, where as if they cannot do it, I understand they are unable to do it. When someone uses "can not" to mean the second thing rather than the first, I find I have to stop and think about what they mean. Presumably, this is because I find the distinction between the two meanings useful; if I were, occasionally, trying to say the first thing out loud, I would carefully enunciate a pause between "can" and "not" to emphasize that "not" is grouped with the word after it rather than the "can" before it, and I imitate that pause or lack of pause in my orthography. --[[User:Pi zero|Pi zero]] ([[User talk:Pi zero|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Pi zero|contribs]]) 22:27, 4 December 2014 (UTC) Thank you for the corrections. For the "program text" term, I want to say I read it in a few books, one of which was a concurrent programming book. It makes sense when you think about it, however it isn't a widely conjured term and may raise a copyright conflict. Thanks. == Portuguese books split == Thanks for [https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Portuguese/Contents&diff=next&oldid=2413903 adding the TODO box here]. I agree they should perhaps be merged, but did you notice as well that there's actually a three way split in these books. There's a [[Brazilian Portuguese]] book. And a book which has two bits to it [[Portuguese/Contents#Courses for Portuguese spoken in Brazil]] and [[Contents#Courses for Portuguese spoken in Portugal]]. So that's messy. It seems to me those first two should definitely be merged somehow, even if the brazil/portugal separation remains. Some old discussion here: [[Contents#Separate_wikibook_Brazilian_Portuguese]]. Very old discussion in fact. One day I should just ''be bold'' and merge it somehow. -- [[User:Harry Wood|Harry Wood]] ([[User talk:Harry Wood|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Harry Wood|contribs]]) 14:10, 28 May 2015 (UTC) ==[[:Understanding C++]]== {{tmbox|type=delete|text='''Panic2k4, please [[Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Understanding C++|share your thoughts]] about whether to [[WB:WIW|keep]] or [[WB:DP|delete]] "[[:Understanding C++|Understanding C++]]".'''<br />You are being notified because you have contributed to this work. [[User:DustDFG|DustDFG]] ([[User talk:DustDFG|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DustDFG|contribs]]) 10:56, 5 November 2025 (UTC)}} q4tl4xhalcaw10b0otl8drar2uzgyfx 4634531 4634530 2026-05-06T23:56:46Z Panic2k4 2865 /* Working on it... */ 4634531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Return|to=User:Panic2k4}} <div style="background-color: #c0cfcf"> {| align=right class=PrettyTextBox style="-moz-border-radius: 1em;" cellspacing="3" |- valign="top" |width="45%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; color: #000; background-color: #c0c0cf; | <div style="padding: .4em .9em .9em"> {{User talk:Panic2k4/Header}} {{center|1='''ASK QUESTIONS'''}} ;If you are going to ask any question first take some time and take a look into<br> [http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html#intro How To Ask Questions The Smart Way ]... txs ---- {{center|1='''REPORT BUGS'''}} ;If you are going to report a BUG please take the time to look at this Guide first<br> [http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/bugs.html How to Report Bugs].</div> |align=center cellspacing="3" width="20%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; color: #000; background-color: #c0c0c0"| <div style="padding: .4em .9em .9em"> <small> <h1>'''Archives'''</h1> {{center|1=[[User Talk:Panic2k4/Archive2|here]] and in [[User Talk:Panic2k4/Archive1|Archive]].}} '''C++ Programming''' old discussion moved to<br>[[User Talk:Panic2k4/Archive2|Archive 2]], [[User Talk:Panic2k4/Archive3|Archive]]<br> '''The user blocks saga''' old post moved to <br>[[User Talk:Panic2k4/block|blocks]]<br> '''essays'''<br> [[User:Panic2k4/How To Do Nothing|How To Do Nothing]]</small></div> |- |colspan="2" width="80%" | <div style="padding: .4em .9em .9em"> <div style="background-color: #cfcfcf"> == Working on it... == [[User:Panic2k4/Educational overview of consensus in human society|Understanding Consensus: How Groups Make Fair Decisions and Protect Everyone’s Voice]] - (archived)<br> [[User:Panic2k4/Church of I|'''Chuch of I: The path to a consistent and coherent meta-physics''']] - (active)<br> [[User:Panic2k4/Decision making and Community consensus on Wikibooks|'''Essay on Decision making and Community consensus on Wikibooks''']] - (active)<br> [[User:Panic2k4/Historical and Linguistic Report on the Rise of English|'''Report: Historical and Linguistic on the Rise of English''']] - (active)<br> [[User:Panic2k4/Improving English-Algorithmical|''Why Might '''algorithmical''' Be Missing from English?'']] - (active)<br> <big>[[User:Panic2k4/No Magical Thinking Required: Pioneer Anomaly Case Solved|'''No Magical Thinking Required: Pioneer Anomaly Case Solved''']]</big><br> <big>[[User:Panic2k4/Et tu, BBC?|'''Et tu, BBC? From External Projection to Internal Emotional Management''']]</big><br> <big>[[User:Panic2k4/Language as Conceptual Encoding Why Social‑Action‑First Theories Fail|Language as Conceptual Encoding: Why Social‑Action‑First Theories Fail]]</big><br> <big>[[User:Panic2k4/Knowledge, Coordination, and the Human Condition How Institutions Learned to Control Information|Knowledge, Coordination, and the Human Condition: How Institutions Learned to Control Information]]</big><br> <big>[[User:Panic2k4/Artificial Mankind The Self‑Domestication of Man|Artificial Mankind: The Self‑Domestication of Man!]]</big><br> {{dynamic navigation |title = Other planed '''Essays''' |bodystyle=text-align:left; |body = <span class="plainlinks"> [[/Arbitration and it's applicability to Administrative actions|'''Essay on Arbitration and it's applicability to Administrative actions''']] - (stub) arbitrations, unblock, beyond wikiworld (real world liabilities), how to address events or accusations if you don't have prof or are not involved, great example [[http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Wikibooks%3AVotes_for_deletion&diff=769516&oldid=769429 here]] .<br> [[/User Blocks (best practices)|'''Essay on User Blocks (best practices)''']]- (stub) how to avoid abuses, proxys other limitations on how to make people comply if not in good faith<br> [[/Be Bold and restrictions|'''Essay on Be Bold and restrictions''']]- (stub) define the general restrictions (format, scope)<br> [[/Administrators (users on a task)|'''Essay on Administrators (users on a task)''']] - (stub) no special insight, common users on a task<br> [[/Authors and Contributor|'''Essay on Authors and Contributor''']] - (stub) Darklama/Whiteknigh view, history pages, anonymous contributions and IDs (to be extended on the another essay), real world liabilities (on copyright), Moving control toward a defined book community (see [[User:Whiteknight/Primary Authors|Primary Authors]] and argue against the Essay concept)<br> [[/Forks|'''Essay on Forks''']] - (stub) show my divergences even with [[http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.science.linguistics.wikipedia.technical/14252 Jimbo on the forks]] (related to the C++ fork).<br> [[/GFDL and copyright|'''Essay on the GFDL and copyright''']] - (stub) Darklama/WitheKnight view, erroneous identification (or claims of abuse of copyright), history pages problems and abuses or simply as misinformation, GFDL and Documentation (not software), WMF and GFDL/FSF, [[Wikibooks:Copyrights]], GFDL [http://www.fsf.org/licensing/licenses/gpl-violation.html violation] (only copyright holders), [http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html Copyright Law of the United States of America], [[Wikibooks:Ownership]]<br> [[/CrossTalk|'''Essay on using back channels to promote hegemony ''']] (see also [[User:Panic2k4/A house with no law(n)]])</span>}} {{dynamic navigation |title = NOTES |bodystyle=text-align:left; |body = {{NOTE|note= [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:The_World_of_Peer-to-Peer_%28P2P%29 Examine and mine this] comment try to find a place for the info (P2P) --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] 04:21, 14 March 2007 (UTC) ---- Guideline needed to process and address requests of copyvio --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] 18:55, 27 February 2007 (UTC) ---- Find out what happened to the C++ Programming discussion archives. ---- '''Math exercises and info'''[http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk%3APanic2k4&diff=1038225&oldid=1038224 1] move contribution of side project into wikibooks under a) general page to be used by others OR b) have to look for the proper places to include the stuff... --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] 20:15, 25 November 2007 (UTC) ---- [http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk%3AMike.lifeguard&diff=1257855&oldid=1257291 User talk:Mike.lifeguard talk posts regarding speedy deletion, vfd and C++ toc] --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|talk]]) 18:11, 18 January 2009 (UTC) }} }} {{center|1=[http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Panic2k4&action=edit&section=new Leave a new message]}} </div></div> |} </div> {{-}} == [[Elements of Political Communication]] == Hi there,<br /> Since there isn't really a "peer review" process that I know of on Wikibooks, I was wondering if you could do me a favor. I've been working on [[Elements of Political Communication]] for a year or so, off and on when I had the time. At some point (though I'm not sure when) I'd like to nominate it for featured book status, but I still have a number of changes to make. I was wondering if you could skim through it and give me a few thoughts on style, structure, format, or anything else that crosses your mind. I've tried to keep it readable, printable, and most importantly, practical. It uses a [[Template:Quiz|new template]], so that probably should be checked out for any potential issues, too. If it isn't really your thing, could you possibly direct me to an editor who might help? Thanks a ton, &ndash; [[User:Runfellow|Runfellow]] ([[User talk:Runfellow|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Runfellow|contribs]]) 16:51, 16 November 2012 (UTC) :In regards to functioning and structure beyond the accepted conventions there has been many divergent views. I will gladly take a look and comment according to my preferences. :I'm not a great supporter of the featured book process, but understand the validity of the goal of providing readers the more complete works. :If you are after a preview of the process (by having the general community review the book outside of the featured book process itself) you could place an announcement on the [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Projects]] or you could first attempt to get an idea from those reading/editing/interested in the specific work ([http://stats.grok.se/en.b/latest60/Elements_of_Political_Communication Elements of Political Communication has been viewed 423 times in the last 60 days]) by adding a information box linking and promoting a dialog on the talk page. --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 07:31, 17 November 2012 (UTC) :One thing that I dislike but it is more a software limitation is having a large list of references/notes at the bottom of a page and it is one motive why I do not use beyond directly mentioning them in the text (or linking to Wikipedia where the reader can get more details and editors maintain the information). :As an on-line reader I also prefer larger pages than a need to navigate across the work, especially if some of the pages have no real content in it. I have in my works attempted to join my need as an editor to have a larger view of the content with that reader preference (even useful for section printing) and attempt to provide a full chapter as a single page. Some people like it some don't but it can be done easily with wiki trasclusions and keep both sides happy (don't remember how it works out with the references/notes). :I like the entry page, I would only move the search box up a bit since you provide navigation into subsections a online reader that is revisiting or someone that is just browsing may need to use it more than once and having it in the bottom of the page in todays widescreen setups is a bit bothersome. --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 07:47, 17 November 2012 (UTC) ::Featured Book status obviously isn't a huge deal, just a way to spread the word a bit more and have a little fun. Regarding the references, I admit the structure is not very intuitive for more novice editors, but I think it works well for the time being as a consistent system that avoids the clutter you're talking about. On the subject of larger pages, I'll look into doing an transclusions, but a) I'm also keenly aware of the average person's reading habits online and b) the eventual goal here is to expand the content of each page, slowly but surely, with practical and useful information. I'll see about moving the search box; everything is a bit tightly packed in there right now that there's little room to maneuver. &ndash; [[User:Runfellow|Runfellow]] ([[User talk:Runfellow|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Runfellow|contribs]]) 16:47, 20 November 2012 (UTC) == Migration of other controversial content == Hi Panic, I was thinking it might be good to migrate most of the content from [[wikiindex:NewgonWiki|NewgonWiki]] and [[wikiindex:BoyWiki|BoyWiki]] over here. I'm not sure what the title of the book(s) would be; perhaps [[boylove]], [[intergenerational sexuality]], or [[sexual emancipation of minors]], or something. This [https://www.newgon.com/wiki/Debate_Guide debate guide] provides some interesting arguments, for instance. I'm not too familiar with the norms around here. Sometimes policy can say one thing, and practice can be quite another. Are one-sided polemics considered okay for inclusion? I figure, someone can create another book with polemics from the opposing viewpoint, so in that way, balance between different arguments can be achieved. On some Wikimedia wikis, the topic of adult-child sexual relationships is so touchy that even advocating that this type of content be included could be considered grounds for banning the user. I don't see any such policy here, but I'm not in a mood to get banned, so I thought I'd ask first. Also, even if the reaction wouldn't be a ban, I don't like to create content that's just going to be deleted. Thanks, [[User:Leucosticte|Leucosticte]] ([[User talk:Leucosticte|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leucosticte|contribs]]) 23:51, 24 October 2014 (UTC) :First I must confess that the subject in itself is something that I find displeasing in certain circumstances/context, but at the same time will acknowledge the need of making it visible and not hidden or made into a taboo. Humans are complex and society is often restrictive to fringe behaviors and minorities (for many reasons some bad others good). :Having established that I would support the creation of a work regarding the subject if it conforms to a textbook with educational value, there are already books that could probably include this subject maybe [[Abnormal Sexual Psychology]]... :As for keeping a specific viewpoint you will need to cement that as the specificity of the scope of the book and provide for a book specific community record/forum to process and approve changes and core modification so that they may be consensual and reduce interference for non-contributors. Note that due to its controversial nature there will be a high probability that someone will attempt to get the Wikibook's community in general to delete the project. It would certainly need extra care as to stay within our project's guidelines, if so then it is all up for to the value of the content and the argumentation for its existence here. --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 06:11, 25 October 2014 (UTC) == Cannot vs. can not on [[Computer Science Design Patterns/Singleton|Singleton Pattern]] == My apologies for the hasty edit. After some research, there does seem to be [http://english.stackexchange.com/a/4516 a lot of discussion] on the subject, and [http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/cannot Oxford Dictionaries] states that can not is also acceptable. Cheers, [[User:Hardwigg|Hardwigg]] ([[User talk:Hardwigg|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Hardwigg|contribs]]) 18:09, 4 December 2014 (UTC) :No problem its interesting how any living language evolves and is shaped by its use. Somethings we like or see as logical and acceptable others we dislike or become annoyances by how they create exceptions to normal rules. In this case I see "cannot" as a creep of the way dialog passes into writing and as an unnecessary innovation that at best shows a modicum of laziness as I can't see any added value... --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 20:40, 4 December 2014 (UTC) :: &lt;dropping in on the conversation&gt; :: Interesting. To me "cannot" and "can not" mean different things, and "cannot" is much more often wanted. If somebody can not do something, I understand that to mean they are able to not do it, where as if they cannot do it, I understand they are unable to do it. When someone uses "can not" to mean the second thing rather than the first, I find I have to stop and think about what they mean. Presumably, this is because I find the distinction between the two meanings useful; if I were, occasionally, trying to say the first thing out loud, I would carefully enunciate a pause between "can" and "not" to emphasize that "not" is grouped with the word after it rather than the "can" before it, and I imitate that pause or lack of pause in my orthography. --[[User:Pi zero|Pi zero]] ([[User talk:Pi zero|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Pi zero|contribs]]) 22:27, 4 December 2014 (UTC) Thank you for the corrections. For the "program text" term, I want to say I read it in a few books, one of which was a concurrent programming book. It makes sense when you think about it, however it isn't a widely conjured term and may raise a copyright conflict. Thanks. == Portuguese books split == Thanks for [https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Portuguese/Contents&diff=next&oldid=2413903 adding the TODO box here]. I agree they should perhaps be merged, but did you notice as well that there's actually a three way split in these books. There's a [[Brazilian Portuguese]] book. And a book which has two bits to it [[Portuguese/Contents#Courses for Portuguese spoken in Brazil]] and [[Contents#Courses for Portuguese spoken in Portugal]]. So that's messy. It seems to me those first two should definitely be merged somehow, even if the brazil/portugal separation remains. Some old discussion here: [[Contents#Separate_wikibook_Brazilian_Portuguese]]. Very old discussion in fact. One day I should just ''be bold'' and merge it somehow. -- [[User:Harry Wood|Harry Wood]] ([[User talk:Harry Wood|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Harry Wood|contribs]]) 14:10, 28 May 2015 (UTC) ==[[:Understanding C++]]== {{tmbox|type=delete|text='''Panic2k4, please [[Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Understanding C++|share your thoughts]] about whether to [[WB:WIW|keep]] or [[WB:DP|delete]] "[[:Understanding C++|Understanding C++]]".'''<br />You are being notified because you have contributed to this work. [[User:DustDFG|DustDFG]] ([[User talk:DustDFG|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DustDFG|contribs]]) 10:56, 5 November 2025 (UTC)}} hbonlt93a927u0a4t9tktjwdq53id8e 0 16432 4634576 4584206 2026-05-07T08:50:13Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634576 wikitext text/x-wiki {{XML-MDE|prev=JSTL|next=RSS}} Author: Sascha Meissner | Editor: Laura Bashaw <br> Editing Status: Draft<br> Modification Date: Dec 6, 2004 ==Learning objectives== Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to * understand the Resource Description Framework (RDF) * use RDF to define metadata for web resources * include standards like the Dublin Core for your description * explore how Adobe is handling metadata * create your own individual properties to expand your description ==Introduction== ===Concept=== The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is terminology used to encode, exchange and reuse metadata in the World Wide Web. Metadata, structured data about data, includes any important type of information about a resource such as author, title, creation date or language. A '''resource''' is everything that can be addressed with a Uniform Resource Identifier ([http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2396.txt URI]). For example, a web page or a distinct type of document. RDF considers '''description''' as the act of making statements about the properties (attributes, characteristics) and inter-relationships of these resources. A '''framework''' is a common model to contain or manage the diverse information about a resource. '''Why do we not use XML to describe things?'''<br> * XML is too flexible. There are too many ways to describe things. For example, the name of a person (see code example). Each of these XML documents would map into a different logical tree. However, a query ,like what is the name of person x, has to be independent of the choice of the tree. RDF is different because it has a standard way of interpreting XML-encoded descriptions of resources which converts into one logical tree and thereby covers all possible reprensentations of a description. <person name="Pete Maravich"> or <person> <name>Pete Maravich</name> </person> * XML documents follow a schema. The order of elements is restricted, and documents are not extensible without changing the schema. RDF allows to list information regardless of their order or appearence. RDF is also openly extensible. This means if one receives a description about something or someone, one can easily add information without being limited to following a schema. This is a great advantage, particularly for annotation and metadata applications. Besides that, it is intricate to retrieve any semantic meaning from an XML document without knowing the XML schema. <br> RDF is an application of XML that enforces the needed structural constraints to provide unambiguous methods of expressing semantics. XML syntax guarantees vendor independence, extensibility, validation and the ability to represent complex structures. RDF extends the general XML syntax and model to be specific for describing resources. Furthermore, RDF uses XML namespaces that allow to scope and uniquely identify a set of properties. With namespaces that point to URIs, one can generate globally unique names for its resources. Unique names need no context to qualify. ===Brief History=== RDF is a result of several metadata communities coming together to build a robust and flexible architecture for supporting metadata on the existing web. The first RDF specification was released 1997 by Ora Lassila and Ralph Swick. Based on that specification RDF interest groups were established in the following years and RDF became a W3C recommendation <br/>([http://www.w3.org/RDF/ W3C RDF]). The potential of RDF was soon realized and once its use is widespread the impacts will be tremendous. Ora Lassila said the following ([http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-rdf-simple-intro W3C_NOTE_1997-11-13]). {{center|1=''Once the web has been sufficiently "populated" with rich metadata, what can we expect? First, searching on the web will become easier as search engines have more information available, and thus searching can be more focused. Doors will also be opened for automated software agents to roam the web, looking for information for us or transacting business on our behalf. The web of today, the vast unstructured mass of information, may in the future be transformed into something more manageable - and thus something far more useful.''}} ===Purpose=== Besides the human-readable display of metadata RDF is intended to enable the exchange of information between different applications without any loss of meaning. The effective use of metadata among applications, however, requires common conventions about semantics syntax, and structure. RDF imposes these conventions that make an unambiguous transfer possible. Application areas include resource description, site-maps, content rating, electronic commerce, collaborative services, and privacy preferences. Earlier one of the major obstacles of metadata interoperability has been the multiplicity of incompatible standards for metadata syntax and schema definition languages. However since RDF is a W3C recommendation and communities provide a standard vocabulary to describe things application designers and developers can create applications that allow metadata exchange in a standardized way. ==The Basic Structure== ===Statements=== With RDF one can make statements about resources. Below you can see an example of a statement that can be made about a web page. The key parts of the statement are highlighted: <span style="color:blue;"><nowiki>http://www.example.org/index.html</nowiki></span> has an <span style="color:red;">author</span> whose name is <span style="color:darkgreen;">Pete Maravich</span>. In general a RDF statement is a triple that contains a: *<span style="color:blue;">Resource</span>, the subject of a statement *<span style="color:red;">Property</span>, the predicate of a statement *<span style="color:darkgreen;">Value</span>, the object of a statement RDF is based on the concept that every resources can have different properties which have values. A resources, represented by an URI reference, can be fully described by using properties and their values. Other properties for this web page could be: <span style="color:blue;"><nowiki>http://www.example.org/index.html</nowiki></span> has a <span style="color:red;">language</span> which is <span style="color:darkgreen;">English</span>. <br />or<br /> <span style="color:blue;"><nowiki>http://www.example.org/index.html</nowiki></span> has a <span style="color:red;">title</span> which is <span style="color:darkgreen;"> Example_Title</span>. ===Graphs=== An RDF statement is a structured triple that contains a subject, a predicate and an object. A set of such triples is called a graph where a subject is always a node, a predicate is always an arc and an object is always a node:<br><br> [[Image:Basic RDF Graph.svg|Abstract RDF graph]]<br> <small>'''Figure 1 - Abstract RDF graph'''</small><br> The set of example statements can be represented by the following graph: [[Image:Rdf-graph1.png|Example graph]]<br> <small>'''Figure 2 - Example graph'''</small> <table width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td>Subject</td> <td>http://www.example.org/index.html</td> <td>is either an URI reference or a blank node</td></tr> <tr><td>Predicate</td> <td>http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/Title</td> <td>is an URI reference</td></tr> <tr><td> Object</td> <td>Example_Title</td> <td>can either be an URI reference, a literal or a blank node</td></tr> </table> <br> ===RDF/XML=== Natural English sentences and graphs that represent RDF's concept model are very useful pratices to understand the basics of RDF. However RDF uses a normative XML syntax called RDF/XML to put down and exchange graphs. Like HTML, RDF/XML is machine processable and, using URIs, can link pieces of information. But, unlike conventional hypertext, RDF URIs can refer to any identifiable thing, including things that may not be directly retrievable on the Web (such as persons). The following lines represent the graph in Figure 2 in RDF/XML: <table width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"> 1<br> 2 3 4<br> 5 6 7<br> 8 9 10<br> 11 12 13<br> 14 </td> <td> <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <?xml version="1.0"?><br> <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:property="http://www.example.org/properties/"> <br> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/index.html"> <property:author>Pete Maravich</property:author> </rdf:Description> <br> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/index.html"> <dc:language>en</dc:language> </rdf:Description> <br> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/index.html"> <dc:title>Example_Title</dc:title> </rdf:Description> <br> </rdf:RDF> </syntaxhighlight> </td></tr> </table> <small>'''Figure 3 - example_rdf.rdf'''</small> Let's examine the lines of code to get a better understanding of the syntax: *{1} XML declaration, identifies the document as XML in the current version 1.0 *{2} Start of an rdf:RDF element, identifies the following code as RDF - also declares an XML namespace ''rdf'', all tags starting with the prefix rdf: are part of the namespace identified by the URIref ''<nowiki>http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#</nowiki>'' which describe the RDF vocabulary *{3} declares an XML namespace ''dc'', all tags starting with the prefix dc: are part of the namespace identified by the URIref ''<nowiki>http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/</nowiki>'' - the ''link'' defines a standard vocabulary of terms for metadata *{4} declares an XML namespace ''property'', all tags starting with the prefix property: are part of the namespace identified by the URIref ''<nowiki>http://www.example.org/properties/</nowiki>'' - this URI is fictitious and was chosen to indicate that one can create their own vocaburaly to describe resources *{5 to 7} represents a specific statement about the resource ''<nowiki>http://www.example.org/index.html</nowiki>'' as seen in the examples - Line 5 declares the subject of the description - Line 6 provides a property element, the qualified name ''property'' is an abbreviation that represents the assigned namespace (line 4), property:author stands for ''<nowiki>http://www.example.org/properties/author</nowiki>'' - embedded in the property tag is the value(object) of the description as a plain literal *{8 to 10} shows another statement - Line 8 again provides the subject - dc:language specifies the predicate for the statement, ''<nowiki>http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/language</nowiki>'' - the literal 'en' is an international standard two-letter code for English *{11 to 13} shows yet another statement - Line 10 to identify the subject - dc:title specifies the predicate for the statement, ''<nowiki>http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title</nowiki>'' - the value Example_Title is the object *{14} ends the rdf:RDF element Section 3 has covererd the basic structure of RDF and is intended to provide a fundamental understanding of the topic. The next section will cover some advanced structures and features of RDF. ==Advanced Concepts== '''Structured Property Values and Blank Nodes''' As mentioned earlier the object of a statement can be a literal, a blank node or a URI reference. The latter two give RDF more power because they allow to create complex structures, so called '''structured property values'''. For instance you consider describing the address of somebody. An address is a structure that consists of different values such as a street, a city, a state and a zipcode. In RDF one would identify the adress as a resource to allow a more detailed description. [[Image:rdf-graph2.png|structured RDF graph]] <small>'''Figure 4 - structured RDF graph'''</small> As you can see the value of the property ''creator'' is represented by a reference using the URI ''<nowiki>http://www.example.org/members/1234</nowiki>''. RDF statements (additional arcs and nodes) can then be written with that node as the subject, to represent the additional information like the name of the creator and his address. The property ''adress'' itself is represented by a URI, which allows a detailed description that is aggregated from further statements about the address. However the URIref ''<nowiki>http://www.example.org/address/1234</nowiki>'' may never need to be referred to directly from outside a particular graph, and therefore may not require a specific identifier. The concept above could also be represented by using a '''blank node''' for the address object. Blank nodes were called anonymous resources, they have no URIrefs and no literals. [[Image:rdf-graph3.png|structured RDF graph with a blank node]] <small>'''Figure 5 - structured RDF graph using a blank node'''</small> In RDF/XML the concept of structured property values and blank nodes are represented like this: <table width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"> 1<br> 2 3 4<br> 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12<br> 13 14 15 16 17<br> 18 </td> <td> <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <?xml version="1.0"?><br> <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:property="http://www.example.org/properties/"> <br> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/index.html"> <dc:creator> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/members/1234"> <properties:name>Pete Maravich</properties:name> <properties:address rdf:nodeID="abc"/> </rdf:Description> </dc:creator> </rdf:Description><br> <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="abc"> <properties:street>346 Broad Street</properties:street> <properties:city>Athens</properties:city> <properties:state>Georgia</properties:state> </rdf:Description> <br> </rdf:RDF> </syntaxhighlight> </td></tr> </table> <small>'''Figure 6 - structured_rdf.xml'''</small> Let's examine the lines of code that represent the new concepts: *{5 to 12} describes the resource ''<nowiki>http://www.example.org/index.html</nowiki>'' that has the value ''<nowiki>http://www.example.org/members/1234</nowiki>'' *{7 to 10} displays a way to abbreviate multiple property elements for a resource - usually a node has multiple arcs(properties) coming off and instead of writing one description for each property one can abbreviate this by using multiple child property elements inside the node element describing the subject node *{9} shows how one can identify a blank node in RDF/XML - it is sometimes necessary that the same blank node in a graph is referred to in the RDF/XML in multiple places - if so, a blank node identifier can be given to the blank node for identifying it in the document *{13-17} displays the properties and values for the blank node identified in line {9} ==RDF applications== ===Dublin Core Metadata Initiative=== ''The Dublin Core Metadata Initiative ([http://dublincore.org DCMI]) is an organization dedicated to promoting the widespread adoption of interoperable metadata standards and developing specialized metadata vocabularies for describing resources that enable more intelligent information discovery systems.'' <br> The Dublin Core is a set of elements that are used to describe a document. The goal of the Dublin Core is to provide a minimal set of descriptive elements that support and simplify the description and the automated indexing of document-like networked objects. Discovery tools on the Internet, such as the "Webcrawlers" employed by popular World Wide Web search engines use the metadata set. In addition, the Dublin Core is meant to be sufficiently simple to be understood and used by the wide range of authors and casual publishers who contribute information to the Internet. (also see [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2413.txt RFC-2413]) [http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/ Dublin Core Metadata Element Set] shows a description of all current elements defined in the Dublin Core. In the following example one can see an RDF document that uses the Dublin Core elements to describe an article in a magazine: <table width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"> 1<br> 2 3 4<br> 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14<br> 15 16 17 18 19 20<br> 21 </td> <td> <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <?xml version="1.0"?><br> <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><br> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.cio.com/archive/101504/km.html"> <dc:title>Less for Success</dc:title> <dc:creator>Alice Dragoon</dc:creator> <dc:subject> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li>knowledge management</rdf:li> <rdf:li>technology investments</rdf:li> </rdf:Bag> </dc:subject> <dc:description>Forget the big bang approach. When it comes to demonstrating the value of knowledge management, a piecemeal strategy works best.</dc:description> <dc:publisher>CXO Media</dc:publisher> <dcterms:issued>October 15, 2004</dcterms:issued> <dc:format>text/html</dc:format> <dc:language>en</dc:language> <dcterms:isPartOf rdf:resource="http://www.cio.com/archive/101504/index.html"/> </rdf:Description><br> </rdf:RDF> </syntaxhighlight> </td></tr> </table> <small>'''Figure 7 - cio_article.rdf'''</small> ===Adobe's XMP=== The Extensible Metadata Platform is a specification describing RDF-based data and storage models for metadata about documents in any format. XMP can be included in text files such as HTML or SVG, image formats such as JPEG or GIF and Adobe's own formats like Photoshop or Acrobat. Adobe is making efforts that all of their applications will support XMP. However Adobe claims that ''XMP provides a standard format for the creation, processing and interchange of metadata'', the specification is not a standard. '''XMP provides the following:''' *A data model - as a useful and flexible way of describing metadata in documents. *A storage model - for the implementation of the data model. This includes the serialization of the metadata as a stream of XML and XMP Packets, a means of packaging the data in files. *Schemas - predefined sets of metadata property definitions that are relevant for a wide range of applications, including all of Adobe’s editing and publishing products, as well as for applications from a wide variety of vendors. XMP also provides guidelines for the extension and addition of schemas. However XMP metadata vocubularly is relatively small,i.e. the ways to describe a document are limited. To overcome this issue Adobe is using metadata standards such as the Dublin Core and also allows users to define their own metadata vocaburlarly. <br> The following screenshot is from Acrobat Professional 6.0 ''Document Metadata'' feature. The description field allows users to define metadata, whereas the advanced tab shows an overview of the metadata. Under view ''Source'' one can see the metadata in RDF/XML. [[Image:Adobe_xmp_functionality.png|500px|Abobe XMP example]]<br> <small>'''Figure 8 - Adobe XMP example'''</small> The RDF/XML based representation of the document's metadata can be found [http://mitglied.lycos.de/virtuoso5/xmp/xmp.txt here]. The property funFactor expresses the hilariousness of a document. It was included using the 'load' functionality of Acrobat Professional to test the addition of arbitrary metadata to the properties Acrobat Professional already knew about. ===RSS - RDF Site Summary=== RDF Site Summary (RSS) is also an application of RDF. Please have a look at the Chapter on [[RSS | RSS]] in this Wikibook. ==Creating an RDF Vocabulary== As seen earlier in the chapter one can create its own RDF metadata vocabulary, despite using standards like the Dublin Core. This section is intended to show a very general approach in creating such a personal vocabulary. For a detailed description please see ''Practical RDF - Powers 2003''. The first step in creating a vocabulary is to define the domain elements and their properties within the given area interest. This means one has to outline what kind of information about the resource should be described. Let's say we want to save the following facts about a resource: <table width="50%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr><td>'''Property'''</td><td>'''Description'''</td></tr> <tr><td>Title</td><td>Title of the resource</td></tr> <tr><td>Created</td><td>Date of creation</td></tr> <tr><td>Author</td><td>Author of the resource</td></tr> <tr><td>Status</td><td>Current status of the resource</td></tr> <tr><td>Subject</td><td>Subject/topic of the resource</td></tr> <tr><td>Format</td><td>Format of the resource</td></tr> <tr><td>FunFactor</td><td>FunFactor of the resource</td></tr> </table> <br> The next step is to create a RDF Schema(RDFS) document for the new vocabulary: [http://mitglied.lycos.de/virtuoso5/elements/1.0/myschema Here] you can see the definition for our desired properties. Using this RDFS one can describe the article seen above the following way:<br> <table width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"> 1<br> 2 3<br> 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17<br> 18 </td> <td> <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <?xml version="1.0"?><br> <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:same="http://mitglied.lycos.de/virtuoso5/elements/1.0/myschema#"><br> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.cio.com/archive/101504/km.html"> <same:title>Less for Success</same:title> <same:author>Alice Dragoon</same:author> <same:subject> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li>knowledge management</rdf:li> <rdf:li>technology investments</rdf:li> </rdf:Bag> </same:subject> <same:format>text/html</same:format> <same:status>active</same:status> <same:created>2004-10-19</same:created> <same:funFactor>3</same:funFactor> </rdf:Description><br> </rdf:RDF> </syntaxhighlight> </td></tr> </table> <small>'''Figure 9 - cio_article2.rdf'''</small> To validate its RDFS and RDF files one can use the [http://www.w3.org/RDF/Validator/ W3C RDF Validator]. ==Exercises== # Create an RDF/XML document that describes an article of your choice (e.g. from magazines like CIO.com or ZDNet.com). Use the Dublin Core [http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/ element set] and the Dublin Core [http://purl.org/dc/terms/ terms]as a framework for your description. After completing the document please validate your work with the <br> [http://www.w3.org/RDF/Validator/ W3C RDF Validator]. ==References== *RDF Primer - ''W3C Recommendation 10 February 2004'', http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-primer/ *Shelley Powers - ''Practical RDF'', O'Reilly 2003 *Tim Berners-Lee ''Why RDF model is different from the XML model'', September 1998, http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/RDF-XML.html *Dublin Core Metadata Initiative - http://dublincore.org/ *Adobe XMP - http://www.adobe.com/products/xmp/main.html *XML.com - ''XMP Lowdown'', http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2004/09/22/xmp.html {{BookCat}} pi83l5go50eni47qwqsppje1qsn7fj3 0 19882 4634597 4567166 2026-05-07T09:36:30Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} <h1> The Ukrainian Alphabet - ''Українська Абетка'' </h1> {{center/end}} {| class="wikitable" ! ![[wikipedia:International_Phonetic_Alphabet|IPA]] !English equivalent !Example ![[wikipedia:International_Phonetic_Alphabet|IPA]] |- |Аа |{{IPA|/a/}} |like "a" in "car" |'''а'''вто́бус "bus" |{{IPA|/aw'tɔbus/}} |- |Бб |{{IPA|/b/}} |like "b" in "bait" |'''б'''ана́н "banana" |{{IPA|/ba'nan/}} |- |Вв |{{IPA|/ʋ/}} ({{IPA|/w/}}) |between English "v" and "w" (might be pronounced as English "w" in "cow" before other consonants or in word final positions by some speakers) |'''в'''анда́л "vandal" |{{IPA|/ʋan'daɫ/}} |- |Гг |{{IPA|/ɦ/}} |like "h" in "behind" in English Received Pronunciation |'''г'''у́мор "humor" |{{IPA|/'ɦumɔr/}} |- |Ґґ |{{IPA|/g/}} |like "g" in "game" |'''ґ'''у́дзик "button (clothing)" |{{IPA|/'gud͡zɪk/}} |- |Дд |{{IPA|/d/}} |like "d" in "door" |'''д'''ве́рі "doors" |{{IPA|/'dʋɛrʲi/}} |- |Ее |{{IPA|/ɛ/}} |like "e" in "entry" or "end" |'''е́'''ра "era" |{{IPA|/'ɛra/}} |- |Єє |{{IPA|/jɛ/}} {{IPA|/ʲɛ/}} |like "ye" in "yen" or "yeah" after consonants, softens (palatalizes) them |'''Є'''вро́па "Europe" |{{IPA|/jɛw'rɔpa/}} |- |Жж |{{IPA|/ʒ/}} |like "s" in "vision" or the second "g" in "garage" in American English |ін'''ж'''ене́р "engineer" |{{IPA|/inʒɛ'nɛr/}} |- |Зз |{{IPA|/z/}} |like "z" in "zombie" |'''з'''ебра "zebra" |{{IPA|/'zɛbra/}} |- |Ии |{{IPA|/ɪ/}} |like "i" in "ship" |к'''и'''т "whale" |{{IPA|/kɪt/}} |- |Іі |{{IPA|/i/}} {{IPA|/ʲi/}} |like "ee" in "sheep" after consonants, softens (palatalizes) them |к'''і'''т "cat" |{{IPA|/kʲit/}} |- |Її |{{IPA|/ji/}} |like "yi" in "yield" |Ізра́'''ї'''ль "Israel" |{{IPA|/iz'rajilʲ/}} |- |Йй |{{IPA|/j/}} |like "y" in "yogurt" or "boy" |'''й'''о́гурт "yogurt" |{{IPA|/'jɔɦurt/}} |- |Кк |{{IPA|/k/}} |like "k" in "skate" |'''к'''іт "cat" |{{IPA|/kʲit/}} |- |Лл |{{IPA|/ɫ/}} ({{IPA|/l/}}) |like "l" in "lick" (is generally a dark {{IPA|/ɫ/}} sound like in most varieties of English, but might be pronounced as a light {{IPA|/l/}} like in French or German depending on the region) |'''л'''а́мпа "lamp" |{{IPA|/'ɫampa/}} |- |Нн |{{IPA|/n/}} |like "n" in "nose" |'''н'''іс "nose" |{{IPA|/nʲis/}} |- |Оо |{{IPA|/ɔ/}} |like "o" in "rob" (lips have to be rounded like in English Received Pronunciation) |'''о'''кеа́н "ocean" |{{IPA|/ɔkɛ'an/}} |- |Пп |{{IPA|/p/}} |like "p" in "sports" |'''п'''а́ра "pair" |{{IPA|/'para/}} |- |Рр |{{IPA|/r/}} |rolled {{IPA|/r/}} like in Spanish "perro" close to "tt" in "butter" in American English |'''р'''уї́на "ruine" |{{IPA|/ru'jina/}} |- |Сс |{{IPA|/s/}} |like "s" in "snake" |'''с'''ова́ "owl" |{{IPA|/sɔ'ʋa/}} |- |Тт |{{IPA|/t/}} |like "t" in "stop" |'''т'''е́ніс "tennis" |{{IPA|/'tɛnʲis/}} |- |Уу |{{IPA|/u/}} |like "oo" in "moon" |'''У'''краї́на "Ukraine" |{{IPA|/ukra'jina/}} |- |Фф |{{IPA|/f/}} |like "f" in "fame" |'''ф'''анта́зія "fantasy" |{{IPA|/fan'tazʲija/}} |- |Хх |{{IPA|/x/}} |like "ch" in Scottish "loch" or German "dach" put your tongue in the position to say "k", but say "h" instead |'''х'''ор "choir" |{{IPA|/xɔr/}} |- |Цц |{{IPA|/t͡s/}} |like "ts" in "cats" |'''ц'''ентр "center" |{{IPA|/t͡sɛntr/}} |- |Чч |{{IPA|/t͡ʃ/}} |like "ch" in "catch" |'''ч'''ай "tea" |{{IPA|/t͡ʃaj/}} |- |Шш |{{IPA|/ʃ/}} |like "sh" in "shoot" |'''ш'''окола́д "chocolate" |{{IPA|/ʃɔkɔ'ɫad/}} |- |Щщ |{{IPA|/ʃt͡ʃ/}} |like "sh" and "ch" pronounced in a row |'''щ'''у́ка "pike (fish)" |{{IPA|/'ʃt͡ʃuka/}} |- |Ьь |{{IPA|/ʲ/}} |softens (palatalizes) previous consonants put your tongue in the position to say "y" like in "yogurt", but pronounce the previous consonant instead |кін'''ь''' "horse" |{{IPA|/kʲinʲ/}} |- |Юю |{{IPA|/ju/}} {{IPA|/ʲu/}} |like "you" in "YouTube" or "you" after consonants, softens (palatalizes) them |'''ю́'''ний "young" |{{IPA|/'junɪj/}} |- |Яя |{{IPA|/ja/}} {{IPA|/ʲa/}} |like "ya" in "yacht" after consonants, softens (palatalizes) them |'''я́'''хта "yacht" |{{IPA|/'jaxta/}} |} {| class="wikitable" |+ !Digraphs ![[wikipedia:International_Phonetic_Alphabet|IPA]] !English equivalent !Example ![[wikipedia:International_Phonetic_Alphabet|IPA]] |- |дз |{{IPA|/d͡z/}} |like "ds" in "pads" |'''дз'''вони́ти "to call" |{{IPA|/d͡zʋɔ'nɪtɪ/}} |- |дж |{{IPA|/d͡ʒ/}} |like "j" in "juice" |хо́'''дж'''у́ "I walk" |{{IPA|/(')xɔ(')d͡ʒu/}} |} The combinations "дз" and "дж" are pronounced as {{IPA|/d͡z/}} and {{IPA|/d͡ʒ/}}, that's to say as sequences of {{IPA|/d/}} with {{IPA|/z/}} or {{IPA|/ʒ/}} <u>simultaneously</u>. The soft form is called ''palatalization'' where the tongue is moved from its original position. Consider the difference in pronunciation of ''key'' and ''cool''. In ''key'' the /k/ (preceded by closed front vowel, the tongue moves up and forward) is palatalized and in ''cool'' the /k/ (labialized, and oral cavity is increased by this) is not. Same thing with ''tea'' and ''tool''. When we talk about soft or mild consonants we are talking about palatalization. Palatized consonants are called soft in Ukrainian. A pair of identical consonants pronounced not as a simple consonant and not as two separate sounds, but as geminated consonant. {| class="wikitable" |+ !Vowel ![[wikipedia:International_Phonetic_Alphabet|IPA]] !Soft equivalent (softening the preceding consonant) ![[wikipedia:International_Phonetic_Alphabet|IPA]] !Iotated equivalent (combined with a /j/ sound) ![[wikipedia:International_Phonetic_Alphabet|IPA]] |- |а |{{IPA|/a/}} |я |{{IPA|/ʲa/}} |я, 'я |{{IPA|/ja/}} |- |е |{{IPA|/ɛ/}} |є |{{IPA|/ʲɛ/}} |є, 'є |{{IPA|/jɛ/}} |- |и |{{IPA|/ɪ/}} |і |{{IPA|/ʲi/}} |ї, 'ї |{{IPA|/ji/}} |- |о |{{IPA|/ɔ/}} |ьо |{{IPA|/ʲɔ/}} |йо |{{IPA|/jɔ/}} |- |у |{{IPA|/u/}} |ю |{{IPA|/ʲu/}} |ю, 'ю |{{IPA|/ju/}} |} '''Ь''' is not pronounced, it is called '''м’який знак''' (soft sign) or '''знак м’якшeння''' (sign of softening) and is used to make preceding consonant palatized. For example, in ''замість'' (instead of) the ''т'' is softened. In fact, the ''м'' is also softened by the ''і'' and the ''с'' is also softened by being in front of the soft ''т'' Keep in mind that there is no complex vowel that corresponds to '''О'''. Instead, '''Й''' and '''Ь''' are used together with '''О''' letter: ''його'', ''льодом''. Also the apostrophe sign is used after a consonant and before a complex vowel to prevent the consonant from becoming mild. The complex vowel is therefore pronounced like ''й'' and corresponding simple vowel. For example, ''в'язати'' (to tie up) is pronounced like ''вйазати''. * Some cases of discrepancies between spelling and pronunciation: ** unvoiced consonant + voiced consonant = voiced pair (''боротьба'' is pronounced like ''бородьба''); but voiced consonant + unvoiced consonant or unvoiced consonant + approximate consonant do not change, except: *** '''З''' + unvoiced consonant = '''С''' (''розпис'' is pronounced like ''роспис''); *** '''Г''' + '''К''' or '''Т''' = '''Х''' (''нігті'' is pronounced like ''ніхті''); ** a pair of sibilants converges (''зшити'' is pronounced like ''шшити''; ''стежці'' → ''стезці''; ''дочці'' → ''доцці''). ==Try to Pronounce== Here are some Ukrainian words. Try to pronounce them keeping in mind the bolded vowels are stressed: * Рак (''rak''; crayfish) - Pronounce "rruk", not "rzake". * Юрб'''а''' (''yurba''; crowd) * '''Ї'''жа (''yizha''; food) * Р'''а'''нок (''ranok''; morning) * Кол'''и'''-н'''е'''будь ('''koly-nebud''' ; somewhen) * Ядр'''о''' (''yadro''; kernel) * Слов'''a''' (''slova''; words) * Ґедзь (''ged'z'''; gadfly) - "Ґ" is pronounced like "g" in "get". In this word "дз" is palatalized. Touch your tongue to the palate and say "z". * Прох'''а'''ння (''prokhannya''; request, wish) - Long and soft "ннь" [-ɲːɑ]. * Б'''у'''ти (buty; to be) - Do not pronounce it "beauty" and "и" doesn't sound like [i], slide back a bit. Ukrainian is written as pronounced just like the other Slavs, but, like Russian and Bulgarian, the stress is very unpredictable and stressing the wrong syllable can lead to misunderstandings. Virtually every textbook and dictionary will write these words with an acute accent (ˊ) on the stressed syllable: юрба́, кість, ра́нок, коли́-небудь, ядро́, слі́дувати, ґедзь, бу́ти. Watch out for words that are written the same, but stressed in a different syllable, such as з'''а'''мок (castle) — зам'''о'''к (lock).{{BookCat}} cnsk4mj1ttpjtoyr4qxuhktphrepf5l 14 22548 4634474 4631967 2026-05-06T18:07:22Z Codename Noreste 3441010 Updating, the other template is not necessary. 4634474 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOGALLERY__ {{Empty category}} {{shortcut|CAT:CSD|CAT:SPEEDY}} These pages are '''[[Wikibooks:Deletion_policy#Speedy_deletions|candidates for speedy deletion]]''' because someone used {{tlx|delete}} or {{tlx|Upcoming deletion}}, or more than 7 days ago used {{tlx|copyvio}}, {{tlx|query}} or {{tlxs|nld}}. NB: there can be false positives with the print versions of more than seven days transcluding a new page with these templates. {{clear}} [[Category:Wikibooks deletion|{{PAGENAME}}]] q61jqk354ie1qwvwevdkkxeuqbw1du2 0 23805 4634589 4488217 2026-05-07T09:28:19Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{cleanup|This book contains too many external links and requires further expansion.}} {{Subpages}} {{TOC|limit=4|float=none}} ==Production value== {{expand|section}} ===Attribution=== ====Credits==== Videos often include credits at the start or end of content. This type of attribution ensures that viewers are aware of a video's contributors. Credits may also be transcribed for the visually impaired. =====Design===== Sometimes, the delivery of credits may be sufficiently artistic or dramatic in such a way that contributes to the viewer's overall experience. ======Text====== [[File:Little Red Walking Hood title card.png|thumb|300px|Leading contributors can be featured alongside a video's title]] Text may be presented with a variety of methods and can be opaque, transparent, or even artistic. ;Single-frame method In some cases, all contributors can be credited in a single still frame near the beginning or end of a video. This method is simple but impractical for videos with a large number of contributors. ;Marquee method The marquee method consists of one or more streams of scrolling text, typically oriented vertically or horizontally. For aesthetic purposes or to create a focal point, text is sometimes faded with a gradient. This method is commonplace in many videos. ;Serial method The serial method describes text where contributors are credited individually. This method can sometimes be manipulated for effect when carefully synchronized with audio that is complementary or suspenseful. Text can also be integrated into the scene, such as be made to appear to be written on a wall. ======Backgrounds====== ;Static Static backgrounds, a common example being solid black, are simple and can provide high contrast for viewers. ;Hybrid When possible, a static background can be framed in graphics, animations, or video. ;Uninterrupted content In many cases, credits can overlay uninterrupted video without any issue. This may be desirable or undesirable depending on the video and intended audience. ;Tailored scenes Production value can often be greatly enhanced by the integration of video that is purposefully tailored for displaying credits. For example, if introductory credits are desired and a video's first scene portrays political proceedings, text could overlay video of the legislative building followed by a person walking up its steps to the doors. ======Placement====== Credit placement can play an important role in its accessibility, the ability to provide context, and even a video's overall production value. Typically, credits are placed near the beginning and/or end of a video, but they can also be interspersed. In some cases, the visibility of credits—especially those at the end of a video—may be diminished by a broadcaster's proclivities, such as the use of picture-in-picture to introduce subsequent programs or sometimes even outright omission. ;Opening credits Credits can be placed at the beginning of a video. Often, this is done to highlight leading contributors while other contributors are listed in closing credits. ;Closing credits Credits can be placed at the end of a video. This placement is often used for comprehensive attribution. ;Realtime attribution The realtime model is often preferred in cases where communicating context to the viewer in real-time is a top priority. This method is frequently accompanied by one or more others and is typical of journalistic productions. Some videos also use attribution as a humorous [[w:Gimmick|gimmick]] or to suggest irony. ======Styles====== ;Staging method The staging method entails a series of static frames, each crediting a given number of contributor. When used as part of an introductory phase, this method allows for leading contributors to be featured and can also be used to incorporate visual elements that affect the viewer's perception of succeeding content. For example, these visual elements might include key characters, allusive symbols, enthralling objects, or immersive scenes with each new interval of progression. ;Interspersed method The interspersed method employs gradual crediting of contributors in phases spanning a prolonged introductory period or sometimes even an entire video. This method may be used for effect, such as to tantalize or surprise, or to add artistic value. Contributors may be credited along with the introduction of a relevant character, scene, theme, or plot. In many cases, this method is best combined with one or more others. ====Metadata==== Metadata can facilitate the attribution of contributors in some digital formats. =====MP4===== MPEG-4 supports the ISO-standardized [[w:Extensible Metadata Platform|Extensible Metadata Platform]] in addition to its own metadata format. ====Resources==== ===Intermission=== [[File:Content intermission.svg|thumb|right|300px|An intermission screen]] Intermission is sometimes desired, or even in the case of videos produced live, a necessity. ===Length=== Video length is often an important consideration. ====Palatability==== {{expand|section}} ====Limitations==== Some distribution platforms platforms are designed to accommodate videos of a specific length. For instance, a television station may have program blocks of 15 and 30 minutes, while an online hosting provider may allow for hours or even seconds, in the case of a Vine. Limitations may become a cross-consideration in the event that a video has enough potential to be desired in its original form on an alternate format, which is something to evaluate in certain circumstances. ===Live broadcasts and streams=== [[File:Content introduction.svg|thumb|right|300px|Introductory screens inform viewers that content will begin soon]] Productions that utilize live video present unique considerations. === Transcription === Subtitles and transcripts are different: a transcript is only the text of the video, whereas a subtitle file includes the timecode as well. Subtitle files have a variety of formats (.srt, .sub, etc.), but they are compatible with each other. ====Subtitles==== It is very important for independent video producers to make available subtitle files (or at least transcripts) when they are distributing their work. Furthermore, it is highly beneficial for online video distribution projects to include an option to upload subtitles/transcripts with the video files, even as a way to raise awareness on the issue. Without a subtitle file in the original language, it is much much more difficult to translate a video, which highly limits the possibility of its distribution. =====Preparation===== =====Formatting===== =====Translation===== ======Workflow====== This is a suggested workflow that would make translation of your video or DVD much easier. It avoids the problem caused by networking transcriptions of video features without the time code, which is that each transcript then has to be timecoded for each language. With co-ordination we should be able to avoid this. There is a project and sample workflow for subtitling [http://www.network23.org.uk/node/79 here]. This also includes a suggested [[/Workflow for translators helping video collectives with subtitle translations]]. Work that needs to be done: building a network of translators familiar with the use of subtitling software that can read, edit and create *.srt subtitle files. ====Resources==== This section includes transcription, subtitling, and translation tools. =====Projects===== =====Cross-platform software===== *[[/Editing a subtitle file with a text editor/]]: *[[/Creating a multi-lingual matroska file/]] =====Windows software===== *[[/Making subtitles in subtitle workshop/]] (PC) *[[/Creating subtitle files from DVDs/]] (PC) =====Mac software===== =====Linux software===== ==Publication== ===Advertisement=== {{expand|section}} ====Physical==== [[File:Poster - In Old Chicago 05.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Posters are one form of advertisement that can be used to solicit prospective viewers.]] Printed posters, billboards, and sidewalk signs can all be used to advertise a video. ====Trailers==== [[File:Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter trailer.ogv|thumb|right|300px|This trailer entices the viewer by introducing characters.]] Trailers are short clips that solicit further interest in a full video. ===Formats=== ====DVD==== =====Windows===== =====Mac===== =====Linux===== ======How to make a DVD in Linux====== ===Licensing=== ====Restrictive==== {{expand|section}} ====Permissive==== [[File:Creative Commons - Building On The Past.ogv|thumb|right|300px|This video can be redistributed without legal complications because it was published under a [[w:Creative Commons license|Creative Commons license]]]] If a video is released under a permissive license, such as the [[w:Creative Commons license|Creative Commons attribution license]] (CC-BY), others can exhibit and redistribute the video without difficulty. ====Public Domain==== {{expand|section}} ===Encoding=== {{Main|Video Production/Encoding}} Because raw video files are tremendously large by contemporary standards—an uncompressed half-hour 1920x1080 8-bit video at 30 frames per second will exceed 300 GB, for example—it is generally necessary to make use of a process known as encoding. The same 300GB video, when encoded with a common codec, will be reduced to about 20 GB. There are a few popular ways of encoding video using commercial solutions and many free options exist as well. ====Codecs==== Codecs are software algorithms that compress data into a desired container format. Many codecs exist and in order to select the one most suitable, several factors may need to be considered, including availability, video quality, compression efficiency, compatibility with the intended method of distribution, and licensing. {| class = wikitable | colspan = 4 style="text-align:center;"| <big>'''Common codecs'''</big> |- !Container format !Video codec !Audio codec !Licensing |- |MP4 |AAC |H.264 |Proprietary |- |OGG |Theora |Vorbis |Open source |} ===Further reading=== ====Introduction to using Open Source Tools for Video Production and distribution==== Different Software is used for the many stages of the Video production process. Depending on what platform you use there are various different levels of effectiveness and ease of use of the open source solutions. This is a section of notes on interpretations of the scope and ease of use of different Free and Proprietary software. [[/Mick Fuzz's notes on Windows & Mac platforms and Free Software solutions/]] ==== Working out what kind of Video File you have ==== If you are uploading a video file and you often need to know what type/ codec it is to allow people to be able to make the correct choice to download it. ====How to Make a Video podcast==== What is a podcast? Why create one? Video podcasts are a good way to distribute your Video. They can be seen in programs like iTunes, Democracy player and Fireant. If you get the format of you video file right they can also be downloaded onto portable devices. They can also be featured on other people's websites often as a list at the side of their pages. This is called syndication. What do you need to do to make one? Get you audio or video ready for the Internet. (see encoding notes) Essentially you have to make specialised a text file available on your website. This file is written in a simple Markup language which gives details about your video. It part of it might look a bit like this. <tag></tag> You can if you choose hand code this file, but there are automated ways which make it a bit easier. This next section examines the different solutions. =====Using Blogger and Feed burner and Archive.org===== Once you have created your audio / video files, you can use these 3 free tools to create podcasts. ======Step one: put your media up online with archive.org / ftp to a webspace====== To do this you first need to sign up to be an archive.org member. Go to the front page, click join us, and follow the instructions. With this tool you can upload your music / video file to the archive.org site, and choose a copyright licence to go with it. You will then get a page where the link to your file is displayed. Or if you have some webspace that you can upload your files to. Use an FTP client to do this. ======blogger.com====== You can create a blog quickly and easily at blogger.com - A blog is a simple web page which is diary like in format listing the latest posting first (just like a podcast does). In the settings panel of blogger.com you can adjust the formatting tab so that you can include a link with every post. In the link field we need to paste a link to the uploaded media file on archive.org. ======feedburner.com====== blogger.com creates an RSS feed for all your entries, but it is not a Podcast. You can't use a program like iTunes with it yet. We need to use a service called feedburner to change the feed into a Podcast. To do this we need to click an option on the feedburner settings called smartcast. =====Using a Video Content Management system===== ======Ourvideo CMS - (not a big community of developers)====== Ourvideo CMS is a Media content management system running on MySql and php. It is aimed at community and low budget groups and can help them achieve their aims at a lower cost in the following ways. There are minimal changes to the standard server environment to help groups that don't have access to a high level server administration resources. ======Loud Blog website====== Loudblog is a flexible and easy-to-use Content Management System (CMS) for publishing media content on the web. It automatically generates a website and multimedia distribution via Podcasting. Loudblog needs to be installed on a webserver and requires systems administrator level skills for install and setup. It will allow you to host your own website with integrated audio and video distribution support. You can upload your audio/video via ftp, via web forms, by fetching external links - thus hosting them on your server, or linking to external files. It is designed for audio, and creates a flash audio preview. This is also possible with some video files. So the web presentation of your media is pretty good. It takes the form of a blog. It creates a podcast with iTunes categories. Disadvantages: * This is set up for audio files, so while the podcasts do work for video files, you get unsuitable messages on the wen pages, like "listen now" * The RSS podcast doesn't have images associated with it yet. It has no "media:thumbnail" element in the feed. ======Word Press CMS====== The wordpress content management system has a very simple approach to podcasting. How It Works * Create audio or video that you want to share (usually MP3 or MP4) * Upload the file to a server * Link to the file in a post in your weblog * Wordpress automatically Includes a link to the file in your RSS/Atom feed * Listeners "subscribe" with podcast client application to your RSS/Atom feed and download new files automatically. WordPress creates all the necessary links for you! Disadvantages: Archive.org can be used to host podcast audio files but archive.org uses re-directs on the file paths it publishes - this confuses WordPress, and consequently, the Podcast publication fails (missing enclosure tag error). To avoid this error, if you are hosting your audio files on archive.org, you need to add a Custom Field called "enclosure" and paste the full URL for the mp3 file in the Value field. =====Rss editor for Windows===== If you don't want to enter details in to a Content Management system, or don't have the technology to set one up. Then there is an alternative. If you have ftp access to your website. You can enter the details of each podcast item into a program called rss editor and it will alter and upload the RSS file you need to have a podcast. Tutorial >> [[/Rss editor for win/]] =====Notes on Media RSS / Podcasting specifications===== Unfortunately the Media RSS specification used by Democracy player and Yahoo isn't the same as the Podcasting specification used by iTunes. The solution is to avoid things that will make your feed unreadable in either. ==Distribution== For issues that are not covered in the corporate media, using a network of community screenings, independent cinemas and pirate TV is a good way to get your media, such as a film or documentary, out there. === Cinemas === {{expand|section}} ====Independent Cinemas==== {{expand|section}} === Community Screenings === {{expand|section}} ==== Amphitheaters ==== {{expand|section}} ===Internet=== This section explores and explains how to distribute video on the Internet. ====Communities==== {{expand|section}} ====Peer-to-Peer==== {{expand|section}} ====Podcasting==== {{expand|section}} ====Video hosting services==== ====Further information==== =====Tactical use of the Internet to distribute Video===== Here is a proposed model of how groups could work together to create and distribute content via the Internet [[/Convergence and collaboration model/]] This includes recent reflection and thoughts on the European Newsreal Project. Here is a work in progress for how to distribute a video file as widely as possible [[/Wide distribution/]] * Collaborative projects to create Video content using the Internet Asia 247: Online contributions are picked up by an editorial team who collate the material and contextualise it for daily podcast transmission. They are active in training video producers from across Asia in using this technology. The European newsreal is a half hour magazine whose production and distribution is decided in a decentralised way with the use of email lists and online collaborative tools like wikis. =====Appropriate Use of Video released over the Internet===== [[/Appropriate use/]] Some thoughts on specifying the appropriate/ethical uses of online video. =====Content Management Systems and related tools for Video on the Net===== Plone is one system that can be used, Engage Media are working with other plone developers on multimedia aspects of this set of tools. Drupal is another popular content management system (CMS) that can be used to manage your video online. Some work has been done on aggregation sites which really maximises the capacity of Drupal to import and manage RSS or RDF data. One example of this is the V2V site which outputs data in RDF form which can then be imported into a CMS. ===Television=== ====Terrestrial Broadcast==== {{expand|section}} =====Pirate TV===== {{expand|section}} ====Cable==== {{expand|section}} ====Satellite==== =====United States===== ======Free Speech TV (FSTV)====== It is possible to submit Social Justice video content to Free Speech TV which covers every state in the US. One very successful use of FSTV is Deep Dish TV, a New York based part of the network which collates the work of Independent Video producers and grass roots activists and puts together professional shows which are uplinked to FSTV. They are also recorded locally and retransmitted by over 200 local TV stations and cinema/community screeners. In this way the costs and time of copying and networking physical tapes and disks are reduced. FSTV also accept content from outside the USA, for example programmes from UK based Undercurrents Productions and the European Newsreal. =====Europe===== In Europe it is possible to rent the time of satellites without paying for them all the time. This may be useful to network programmes for retransmission to local TV stations and collectives. ===Physical media=== Optical media, such as DVDs and Blu-ray discs, is commonly used in much of the world to physically distribute content. USB drives can also be used. == Lesson Plans == [[/Lesson Encoding Video for the Internet/]] [[/Lesson DVDs with subtitles/]] [[/Save dvavi from premiere pro/]] {{Shelves|Film and animation}} {{Alphabetical|V}} {{status|0%}} eh6erhr3gx39h652lplze69o3s1d9uz 0 33152 4634587 4611011 2026-05-07T09:26:08Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634587 wikitext text/x-wiki =Stamps of New Zealand= [[w: Postage stamps and postal history of New Zealand| Postage stamps and postal history of New Zealand]] {{center/top}} =='''1855 - 1862 Chalons / Full Face Queens (FFQ)'''== {{center/end}} {| width="600" border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="5" |+ |- bgcolor="#ccffff" | 18 July 1855 | colspan="3" | Full Face Queens (No Perforations) |- | Image | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | Catalogue Number | Description | Value |- | [[File:1855 Queen Victoria 1 penny red.png|80px]] | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 1 | One Penny Stamp - Red | 1d |- | Image To Be Posted | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 2 | One Penny Stamp - Orange | 1d |- | [[File:1855 Queen Victoria 2 pence blue.png|80px]] | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 3 | Two Pence Stamp - Blue | 2d |- | [[File:1855 Queen Victoria 3 pence lilac.png|80px]] | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 4 | Three Pence Stamp - Lilac | 3d |- | [[File:1855 Queen Victoria 6 pence brown.png|80px]] | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 5 | Sixpence Stamp - Brown | 6d | <small>(Shades range from yellow-brown & red-brown to black-brown)</small> |- | [[File:1855 Queen Victoria 1 shilling green.png|80px]] | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 6 | One Shilling Stamp - Green | 1/- |- |} {| width="284" border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="5" |+ |- bgcolor="#ccffff" | 1862 | colspan="3" | Full Face Queens (Perforated) |- | Image | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | Catalogue Number | Description | Value |- | Image To Be Posted | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 7 | One Penny Stamp - Red | 1d |- | Image To Be Posted | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 8 | One Penny Stamp - Orange-Red | 1d |- | Image To Be Posted | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 9 | One Penny Stamp - Brown | 1d |- | Image To Be Posted | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 10 | Two Penny Stamp - Blue | 2d |- | Image To Be Posted | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 11 | Two Penny Stamp - Orange | 2d |- | Image To Be Posted | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 12 | Three Pence Stamp - Lilac | 3d |- | Image To Be Posted | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 13 | Four pence Stamp - Red | 4d |- | Image To Be Posted | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 14 | Four pence Stamp - Yellow | 4d |- | Image To Be Posted | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 15 | Sixpence Stamp - Brown | 6d |- | Image To Be Posted | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 16 | Sixpence Stamp - Blue | 6d |- | Image To Be Posted | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 17 | One Shilling Stamp - Green | 1/- |- |} {{center/top}} =='''1873, 1874 & 1882 Queen Victoria "Sidefaces"'''== {{center/end}} 1873: 1/2d Pink/Rose (Newspaper Rate) <br> <br> 1874 First Sidefaces: 1d Lilac 2d Red 3d Brown 4d Maroon 6d Blue 1/ Green 2/ Red 5/ Grey <br> (The 2/ and 5/ are very hard to find.) <br><br> 1882 Second Sidefaces: 1/2d Black 1d Red 2d Purple 21/2d Blue 3d Yellow 4d Green 5d Grey 6d Brown 8d Blue 1/ Chestnut {{center/top}} =='''1898 Pictorials'''== {{center/end}} 1/2d Mt Cook (black) 1d Taupo 2d Pembroke (red) 21/2d Wakatipu 3d Huias 4d Terraces 5d Otira 6d Kiwi (green) 8d Canoe 9d Terraces 1/ Kaka 2/ Milford 5/ Mt Cook <br> Notes: Four stamps from this set can also be found overprinted OFFICIAL: 3d Huias, 1/ Kaka, 2/ Milford and 5/ Mt Cook. <br> The 21/2d Wakatipu can also be found with the spelling variation "Wakitipu", These are not hard to find and are most commonly seen unused. <br> The 5/ Mt Cook is not scarce but it is difficult to find in good condition with a regular cancellation. Fiscally used embossed, circular "crown" cancels, or pen cancels are common and worth much less than catalogue value, One leading NZ dealer sells fiscally used copies for $35NZ which is less than 1/20th of the catalogue price. Also beware of "mint no gum" of this stamp as most are fiscally used with the pen cancel cleaned off. {{center/top}} =='''1900 Pictorials'''== {{center/end}} 1/2d Mt Cook (green), 1d Terraces, 11/2d Boer War, 2d Pembroke, 4d Taupo, 6d Kiwi. <br><br>Notes: This set contains mostly reprints of designs from the 1898 pictorials, in different colors and values. <br><br> 3 stamps from this set can also be found overprinted OFFICIAL: 1/2 Mt Cook, 2d Pembroke, 6d Kiwi. {{center/top}} =='''1901 Universal.'''== {{center/end}} 1d Zealandia (Can be found with or without official overprint) {{center/top}} =='''1906 Christchurch Exhibition'''== {{center/end}} 1/2d Canoe 1d Carving 3d Landing 6d Annexation {{center/top}} =='''1907 Redrawn Pictorials'''== {{center/end}} 1d Zealandia (diagonal lines on globe) 3d Huias 6d Kiwi (red) 1/ Kaka Notes: Same designs as earlier issues - but these are smaller (except for the zealandia which can be identified by the lines on the globe.) The Zealandia and 6d Kiwi can also be found overprinted Official. {{center/top}} =='''1909 King Edward VII'''== {{center/end}} 1/2d Green 1d Zealandia Dominion 2d Mauve 3d Brown 4d Orange 4d Yellow 5d Brown 6d Red 8d Blue 1/ Orange Note: 1/2d Green, 1d Dominion (Same design as zealandia with words "Dominion Of" at top of stamp) 3d Brown, 6d Red, 8d Blue & 1/ Orange can also be found with Official overprints. {{center/top}} =='''1913 Auckland Exhibition'''== {{center/end}} 1/2 Green 1d Dominion 3d Brown 6d Red Note: These are stamps from the King Edward issue of 1909, overprinted for the exhibition. {{center/top}} =='''1915 King George V'''== {{center/end}} 1/2d Green 11/2d Grey 11/2d Orange-Brown 2d Violet/Purple 2d Yellow 3d Brown 4d Yellow 4d Violet/Purple 41/2d Green 5d Blue 6d Red 71/2d Brown 8d Blue 8d Brown 9d Olive 1/ Orange These exist in a variety of different printings and some can be found overprinted Official. The 1/2d Green can also be found overprinted "War Stamp". {{center/top}} =='''1920 Victory'''== {{center/end}} 1/2d Green 1d Red 11/2d Brown 2d Two Pence overprint on 1/2d Green 3d Brown 6d Purple 1/ Orange Note: The 6d and 1/ are commonly found with heavy parcel cancels, these are worth considerably less than catalogue values. {{center/top}} =='''1923 Map Stamp'''== {{center/end}} 1d Red {{center/top}} =='''1925 Dunedin Exhibition'''== {{center/end}} 1/2d Green 1d Red 4d Mauve/Purple {{center/top}} =='''1926 Admirals'''== {{center/end}} 1d Red 2/ Blue 3/ Purple Note: Heavy parcel cancels & pen or punched/perfin cancels are common on the 3/ and worth a lot less than catalogue values, one of the leading New Zealand dealers supplies parcel cancels of these at about 1/4th of their regular used price. 1d Red and 2/ Blue can also be found overprinted Official. {{center/top}} =='''1931 Airmails'''== {{center/end}} 3d Chocolate/Brown 4d Purple 5d Five Pence overprint on 3d green 7d Orange/Brown 7d Blue with Trans Tasman overprint. Note: The 5d and 7d Blue exist only with the overprints. {{center/top}} =='''1935 Air Mail'''== {{center/end}} 1d Red 3d Violet 6d Blue {{center/top}} =='''1935 Silver Jubilee'''== {{center/end}} 1/2d Green 1d Red 6d Orange {{center/top}} =='''1935 Pictorials'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''1938 George VI'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''1940 Centennial'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''1953-4 Queen Elizabeth'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''1960 Pictorials'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''1967 Decimal Currency'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''1970 Pictorials'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''1975 Pictorials'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''1980 - 1989 Issues'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''1990 - 1994 Issues'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''1995 - 1998 Issues'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''1999 - 2000 Issues'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''2001 - 2002 Issues'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''2003 - 2004 Issues'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx {{center/top}} =='''2005 - 2006 Issues'''== {{center/end}} ;Number of issues: xx ;Number of stamps issued: xx [[{{BOOKCATEGORY|World Stamp Catalogue}}/Oceania|New Zealand]] [[{{BOOKCATEGORY|World Stamp Catalogue by country}}|New Zealand]] 151whpofx7elf28jto7vi5vmj97mbh3 0 37061 4634439 4631490 2026-05-06T14:30:07Z JCrue 2226064 /* Minor sidelines */ 4634439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Ruy López / Spanish game |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C60—99]] |parent=[[../|King's Knight Opening]] |responses=<br> * [[/3...a6|3...a6 · Morphy's defence]] * [[/3...Nf6|3...Nf6 · Berlin defence]] * [[/3...d6|3...d6 · Steinitz defence]] * [[/3...Bc5|3...Bc5 · Classical defence]] * [[/3...f5|3...f5 · Schliemann (Jaenisch) defence]] * [[/3...Nd4|3...Nd4 · Bird's defence]] * [[/3...Nge7|3...Nge7 · Cozio defence]] * [[/3...Qf6|3...Qf6 · Frankfurt defence]] * [[/3...Bb4|3...Bb4 · Alapin defence]] }} == 3. Bb5 · Ruy López or Spanish game == '''3. Bb5''' is known as the Ruy López opening or Spanish game. White threatens to trade off Black's c6 knight, the defender of e5, so indirectly threatens to win the pawn, though it's not an ''immediate'' threat because of a tactical trick where Black can win the pawn back. White is playing for quick development (they are ready to castle already) and control of the centre. They'd like to eventually play c3 and d4 to build a pawn majority in the centre. Usually, Black wishes to play ...Nf6, which develops a piece while threatening to take White's undefended e4 pawn, so the most common lines are to develop the knight straight away ([[/3...Nf6|'''3...Nf6''']]) or after first kicking the bishop ([[/3...a6/|'''3...a6''']] usually followed by 4...Nf6). However, Black has a wide range of turn three or turn four sidelines to choose from so can respond in a variety of ways. === Morphy defence === [[/3...a6/|'''3...a6''']], the '''Morphy defence''', forces White to make a decision about the bishop: retreat, or exchange. The oldest continuation is to take the knight, 4. Bxc6, the Exchange variation. This doesn't win the e5 pawn, however (4...dxc6 5. Nxe5? Qd4! and Black can win the pawn back). The Exchange variation is playable, but more popular is 4. Ba4, preserving the bishop pair and pressure on Black's knight. After 4. Ba4, the main line is 4...Nf6, as in the Berlin. However, by including 3...a6 4. Ba4, Black now has the option of cutting off the bishop's pressure whenever they wish with ...b5. === Berlin defence === [[/3...Nf6|'''3...Nf6''']], the '''Berlin defence''', is the main sideline. Recognising there is no immediate threat to their pawn centre, Black develops and threatens ...Nxe4 instead. The Berlin has a reputation for being solid but very drawish. The opening often leads into a quick exchange of queens and equal endgame (the Berlin Endgame) or a fast draw by repetition. <div style="display:flex;overflow-x:auto;gap:0.5em;"> {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6|caption=Morphy's defence}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nf6|caption=Berlin defence}} </div> === Principal sidelines === Many other moves are available, some neglecting completely the protection of the knight and the pawn and continuing development. The two next most commons sidelines in master-level play are 3...f5!? and 3...g6. * [[/3...f5|'''3...f5!?''']], the '''Schliemann''' or '''Jaenisch gambit''', is a sharp line where Black attacks White's centre from the flank. Accepting with 4. exf5 allows 4...e4. The usual response is 4. d3, which renews the threat of 5. exf5 because the pawn on d3 prevents 5...e4. * [[/3...g6|'''3...g6''']], the '''fianchetto''' or '''Smyslov defence''', prepares a king-side fianchetto, although often Black delays actually playing Bg7 until they have played d6. <div style="display:flex;overflow-x:auto;gap:0.5em;"> {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 f5|caption=Schliemann defence}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 g6|caption=Fianchetto defence}} </div> In amateur games, more common sidelines are 3...Bc5 and 3...d6. * [[/3...Bc5|'''3...Bc5''']] is the '''Classical variation'''. Since there is no danger to e5 yet, Black simply develops the bishop to pressure White's kingside and the vulnerable f2 square. This is one of the oldest defences. * [[/3...d6|'''3...d6''']], the '''Old Steinitz defence''', was the continuation recommended by [[Wikipedia:William Steinitz|William Steinitz]]. Playing 3...a6 and later b5, he reasoned, just allows White's bishop to get to where it would like to go: to man the dangerous b3-to-f7 diagonal. Steinitz advocated 3...d6 instead to defend the e5 pawn directly. However, this is passive, inhibiting Black dark square bishop, and Black self-pins their knight: White's most critical reply is 4. d4. A "Modern" Steinitz defence delays d6 until after 3...a6. <div style="display:flex;overflow-x:auto;gap:0.5em;"> {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Bc5|caption=Classical variation}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 d6|caption=Old Steinitz defence}} </div> === Minor sidelines === Other lines have been tried. These include, in rough order of legitimacy: * [[/3...Nge7|'''3...Nge7''']], '''Cozio defence''', defending the knight with the other knight. * [[/3...Be7|'''3...Be7''']], the '''Lucena variation''', likely to transpose to the main line closed variation after 4. O-O a6 5. Ba4 Nf6. * [[/3...Nd4|'''3...Nd4!?''']], '''Bird's defence'''. Black counterattacks the bishop: after 4. Nxd4 exd4 Black has gained some space but has slightly worsened their pawn structure. * [[/3...Nb4|'''3...Nb4?!''']] is a rare trap tried once by '''Marshall''' where 4. Nxe5? is met with 4...Qg5!. * [[/3...f6|'''3...f6?!''']], the '''Nürnberg variation''', defending e5 but at the cost of severely weakening Black's kingside. * [[/3...Bb4|'''3...Bb4?!''']], the '''Alapin defence'''. * [[/3...Qf6|'''3...Qf6?!''']], the '''Frankfurt defence'''. * [[/3...d5|'''3...d5?''']], the '''Spanish countergambit'''. Black hopes to bamboozle White by offering them a choice of centre pawns to capture. * '''3...a5?!''', the '''Bulgarian variation''', looks like a mis-click. Perhaps the idea is 4. O-O Nd4 5. Nxd4 exd4 where a careless 6. d3? c6 7. Bc4 b5 traps White's bishop. * '''3...b6?!''', the '''Rotary-Albany gambit'''. * [[/3...Qe7|'''3...Qe7?''']], the '''Vinogradov variation''', defends the e-pawn with the queen. However, on e7 the queen blocks development of Black's king side bishop and runs into a dangerous x-ray after 4. O-O Nf6 5. Re1. It may be played with the idea 4...Nd8 and 5...c6. * [[/3...Nb8|'''3...Nb8?''']], the humorous '''retreat variation'''. * [[/3...g5|'''3...g5?''']], the '''Brentano Gambit'''. * [[/3...Na5|'''3...Na5?''']], the '''Pollock variation''', sidestepping the bishop's vision. <div style="display:flex;overflow-x:auto;gap:0.5em;"> {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4|caption=Bird's defence}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 d5|caption=Spanish countergambit}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Qe7|caption=Vinogradov variation}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nb8|caption=Retreat Variation}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nge7|caption=Cozio Defence}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nb4|caption=Nb4 sideline}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Bb4|caption=Alapin Defence}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 f6|caption=Nürnberg Variation}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Qf6|caption=Frankfurt Defence}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Be7|caption=Lucena Variation}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 g5|caption=Brentano Gambit}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a5|caption=Bulgarian Variation}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 b6|caption=Rotary-Albany Gambit}} {{Chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Na5|caption=Pollock Variation}} </div> === History === The earliest known analysis of this opening is from the 15th century [[wikipedia:Göttingen manuscript|Göttingen manuscript]]. The 16th century Spanish priest [[wikipedia:Ruy López de Segura|Ruy López de Segura]] analysed the opening in his 1561 book on chess, from which both the modern names Spanish opening and Ruy López derive. Ruy López de Segura considered the danger posed to Black by 3. Bb5 to be so severe that it refuted [[../|2...Nc6]], and recommended [[../../2...d6|2...d6]] to Black instead. In the 18th century, the "Modenese masters" [[wikipedia:Ercole del Rio|Ercole del Rio]] and [[wikipedia:Domenico Lorenzo Ponziani|Domenico Lorenzo Ponziani]] analysed the exchange variation of the opening (3...a6 4. Bxc6) and concluded that the bishop was better placed on the c4-to-f7 diagonal (i.e. [[../3. Bc4|3. Bc4, the Italian game]]).<ref name="Jaenisch" /> In the mid-19th century, [[wikipedia:Carl Jaenisch|Carl Jaenisch]] published detailed analysis of 1. e4 e5 in French and English circulars. Writing "this opening has been strangely overlooked and passed by, we may say in contempt, by all writers", Jaenisch's treatment of 3. Bb5 reinvigorated interest in what he called "Lopez's Knight's Game". Jaenisch was dismissive of the defences [[/3...Nge7|3...Nge7]] (Cozio defence) and [[/3...Nd4|3...Nd4]] (what we now call Bird's defence), and especially critical of del Rio and Ponziani's analysis (which he called "very defective"). Jaenisch's treatment of 3...a6 reads as very modern:<ref name="Jaenisch">{{Cite magazine |first=Carl |last=Jaenisch |date=1848 |title=Major Jaenisch On Ruy Lopez' Knight's Game |magazine=Chess Player's Chronicle |volume=9 |pages=216-21,248-53,274-79 |url=https://www.google.ch/books/edition/The_chess_player_s_chronicle/ja5AAAAAcAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA216 |access-date=9 June 2025}}</ref> <blockquote>White's correct move is simply to withdraw the attacked Bishop to [a4], preserving its menacing direction. This shows that the move, [3...a6], is absolutely useless, for if Black follow it up with [4...b5], White's Bishop is brought into a good line of attack on [b3]... We may remark in general, that the object of [3. Bb5] is not to double a Pawn for Black by taking his [Knight], but to confine the development of his right wing as long as possible; and it is precisely in order not to allow him to escape from the confinement that the Bishop, if attacked by [a6], either at the third or any subsequent move, must not take the [Knight] but retire to [a4].</blockquote> This was the beginning of the modern Spanish main line. In 1918, [[w:Frank Marshall|Frank Marshall]] introduced an aggressive turn 8 gambit that reinvigorated Black's attacking chances in the closed Spanish. The next major shake up occurred in the 1960s when new theory in the Marshall gambit drove White players to adopt anti-Marshall systems to avoid it. In 2000, the main alternative to 3...a6, 3...Nf6, was re-popularised when [[wikipedia:Vladimir Kramnik|Vladimir Kramnik]] used it as a drawing weapon against [[wikipedia:Garry Kasparov|Garry Kasparov]] during his successful World Championship challenge. Nowadays the Spanish opening is known as one of the most deeply studied and popular chess openings, and one of the most frequently seen at the highest levels of chess. It is the continuation of the Open Game most commonly seen in master-level play, adopted by virtually all players at some point in their chess career. == Theory table == {{Chess Opening Theory/Table}} :'''1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5''' <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> <tr> <th></th> <th align="left">3</th> <th align="left">4</th> <th align="left">5</th> <th align="left">6</th> <th align="left">7</th> <th align="left">Eval</th> <th align="left"></th> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Morphy Defence</th> <td>...<br>[[/3...a6|a6]]</td> <td>Ba4<br>Nf6</td> <td>O-O<br>Be7</td> <td>Re1<br>b5</td> <td>Bb3<br>O-O</td> <td>=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Berlin Defence</th> <td>...<br>[[/3...Nf6|Nf6]]<br></td> <td>O-O<br>Nxe4</td> <td>d4<br>Nd6</td> <td>Bxc6<br>dxc6</td> <td>dxe5<br>Nf5</td> <td>=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Smyslov Defence</th> <td>...<br>[[/3...g6|g6]]<br></td> <td>c3<br>a6</td> <td>Ba4<br>d6</td> <td>d4<br>Bd7</td> <td>O-O<br>Bg7</td> <td>+=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Classical Defence</th> <td>...<br>[[/3...Bc5|Bc5]]<br></td> <td>O-O<br>Nd4</td> <td>Nxd4<br>Bxd4</td> <td>c3<br>Bb6</td> <td>d4<br>c6</td> <td>+=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Schliemann Defence</th> <td>...<br>[[/3...f5|f5]]<br></td> <td>Nc3<br>fxe4</td> <td>Nxe4<br>d5</td> <td>Nxe5<br>dxe4</td> <td>Nxc6<br>Qg5</td> <td>+=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Bird's Defence</th> <td>...<br>[[/3...Nd4|Nd4]]<br></td> <td>Nxd4<br>exd4</td> <td>O-O<br>Bc5</td> <td>d3<br>c6</td> <td>Ba4<br>Ne7</td> <td>+=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Steinitz Defence</th> <td>...<br>[[/3...d6|d6]]<br></td> <td>d4<br>Bd7</td> <td>Nc3<br>exd4</td> <td>Nxd4<br>g6</td> <td>Be3<br>Bg7</td> <td>+=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Cozio Defence</th> <td>...<br>[[/3...Nge7|Nge7]]<br></td> <td>O-O<br>a6</td> <td>Bc4<br>b5</td> <td>Bb3<br>d6</td> <td>d4<br>h6</td> <td>+=</td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Vinogradov Variation</th> <td>...<br>Qe7<br></td> <td>Bxc6<br>dxc6</td> <td>d4<br>Bg4</td> <td>dxe5<br>Bxf3</td> <td>Qxe5<br>Qxf3</td> <td>+=</td> </tr> </table> {{ChessMid}} {{wikipedia|Ruy Lopez}} == References == {{reflist}} {{NCO}} {{BCO2}} {{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}} qup4p87n5jo3oul63chr4j7zr4pbtvz 0 38607 4634524 4628471 2026-05-06T23:09:36Z JCrue 2226064 /* */ 4634524 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Position |Parham attack |aka=Wayward queen, Danvers, patzer's opening/attack, |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C20]] |parent=[[../|Open game]] }} == Parham Attack · 2. Qh5!? == This is an aggressive opening move that violates an opening principle by bringing the queen out early. So long as Black doesn't fall into White's traps, they will be able to develop easily and play useful moves that gain time on White's queen. 2. Qh5 both attacks the pawn on e5 and puts pressure on f7. The f7 square is the weakest point in Black's position at the start of the game, because it is the only square guarded only by Black's king. White's usual plan is to follow with Bc4 and deal a swift, knock-out blow with Qxf7#, e.g. 2...Nc6 3. Bc4 Nf6?? 4. Qxf7#. This is called '''Scholar's mate''' or the '''four-move checkmate'''. === Defend e5 === As f7 is attacked once (by White's queen) and defended once (by Black's king), there is no immediate threat of Qxf7+. However, there is a threat of Qxe5+. [[/2...Nc6|'''2...Nc6''']] is the best move. Black defends against Qxe5+, while also getting to develop a piece to its most active square. The game usually continues 3. Bc4 (bringing a second attacker to f7, so now White really is threatening Qxf7#) g6 (cuts off White's queen's vision of f7, and gains time by forcing the queen to move again) 4. Qf3 (threatens Qxf7# again) Nf6 (blocks White's queen's vision of f7). The immediate threats parried, Black is ready to play ...Bg7 and ...O-O. Other options to defend e5 are playable but come with trade-offs. * '''2...d6''' defends e5, but neglects the opportunity to develop a piece. It also means that if Black wants to play ...d5 later, they will have lost a tempo by taking two moves to play d5 instead of one (d7 to d6 to d5 versus d7 to d5). * '''2...Qf6''' defends both e5 and f7, but violating opening principles yourself is no way to punish your opponent's violations of the same. The queen misplaced on f6 prevents Black's knight from coming there, which it should like to do. If the idea is to trade off queens to end the attack (3. Bc4 g6 4. Qf3 Qxf3 5. Nxf3{{chess/not|+}}), Black is giving White's attack too much credit. * '''2...Qe7''', looks unnatural but is probably fine. === Gambit e5 === Black may try [[/2...Nf6|'''2...Nf6''']], called the '''Kiddie countergambit'''. Black attacks the queen, forcing it to move, but leaves their e-pawn undefended. This is a pawn sacrifice: Black allows White to take the free pawn and instead focuses on developing their pieces. Every time Black gets to play a developing move and White has to move their queen again, Black scores a little victory in the form of tempo. After 3. Qxe5+ Be7 4. Nf3 (say) Nc6 (forces queen to move again) 5. Qf4 O-O{{chess/not}} Black has castled and developed three of their minor pieces as compensation for the lost pawn, and White has largely spent the time moving the same piece around. === Bad moves === [[/2...g6|'''2...g6??''']] is a rookie error. Black attacks the queen and leaves their e-pawn undefended, but moving the g-pawn exposed Black's rook on h8: 3. Qxe5+ Be7 (or 3...Qe7) 4. Qxh8{{Chess/not|+++}}. [[/2...Ke7|'''2...Ke7??''']] is the worst move in the position, 3. Qxe5# is checkmate. === History === 2. Qh5!? is a staple of amateur chess, played against beginners who may be expected to blunder under early pressure. It has a huge number of names, including '''patzer's opening''' (''patzer'', from German ''patzen''<ref>[https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/patzer patzer, Collins Dictionary]</ref>, being a poor chess player), which might mean it is only played ''against'' novices or ''by'' novices. In fact it has seen use by grandmasters as a non-theoretical opening, played not with the expectation that Black will blunder mate in the opening but the understanding that, once Black has parried the first few threats, White still gets a playable position that is about equal. Among its highest-level outings was Magnus Carlsen at the 2018 World Rapid Championship.<ref>[https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1938193 Carlsen v. Vokhidov, 2018]</ref> '''Parham''' comes from Bernard Parham (1946―2024), who was a National Master from Indiana who had many original ideas about how chess should be played and the relative values of different pieces. He advocated early queen moves in several lines, including 1. e4 e5 2. Qh5.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bernard Parham, chess innovator, passes away |url=https://thechessdrum.net/blog/2024/06/25/bernard-parham-chess-innovator-passes-away/ |last=Shabazz |first=Daaim |date=2024-06-25 |website=The Chess Drum}}</ref> The origin of '''Danvers''', per Winter, has been traced to a 1908 anecdote about a sanatorium:<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Danvers Opening (1 e4 e5 2 Qh5) |url=https://chesshistory.com/winter/extra/danvers.html |last=Winter |first=Edward |date=2025-03-20 |access-date=2026-01-23 |website=Chess Notes}}</ref> <blockquote>"Dr E.E. Southard, who was the Harvard College champion for a number of years and who is now a specialist on mental diseases at the Danvers Insane Hospital, tried to explain how his acquaintance with chessplayers assisted him in his profession and why he named his pet début the Danvers Opening, which consists of P-K4 and Q-R5 as White’s first and second moves."</blockquote> ==Theory table== {{Chess Opening Theory/Table}} '''1. e4 e5 2. Qh5''' <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> <tr> <th></th> <th align="left">2</th> <th align="left">3</th> <th align="left">4</th> <th align="left">5</th> <th align="left">6</th> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>...<br>[[/2...Nc6|Nc6]]</td> <td>[[/2...Nc6/3. Bc4|Bc4]]<br>g6</td> <td>Qf3<br>Nf6</td> <td>Ne2<br>Bg7</td> <td>Nbc3<br>d6</td> <td>=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>...<br>[[/2...g6|g6??]]</td> <td>Qxe5+!<br>Ne7</td> <td>Qxh8<br></td> <td>+-</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>...<br>[[/2...Nf6|Nf6!?]]</td> <td>Qxe5+<br>Be7</td> <td>=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>...<br>[[/2...Ke7|Ke7??]] </td> <td>[[/2...Ke7/3. Qxe5/|Qxe5#]]!<br>N/A </td> <td>1-0 </td> </tr> </table> {{ChessMid}} ==References== {{reflist}} === See also === {{wikipedia|Danvers Opening}} {{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}} mdh3wpj5qa7pys917irf5woni8pjh2s 4634525 4634524 2026-05-06T23:11:19Z JCrue 2226064 /* 2. Qh5!? · Parham attack */ Order of words in heading 4634525 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Position |Parham attack |aka=Wayward queen, Danvers, patzer's opening/attack, |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C20]] |parent=[[../|Open game]] }} == 2. Qh5!? · Parham attack == This is an aggressive opening move that violates an opening principle by bringing the queen out early. So long as Black doesn't fall into White's traps, they will be able to develop easily and play useful moves that gain time on White's queen. 2. Qh5 both attacks the pawn on e5 and puts pressure on f7. The f7 square is the weakest point in Black's position at the start of the game, because it is the only square guarded only by Black's king. White's usual plan is to follow with Bc4 and deal a swift, knock-out blow with Qxf7#, e.g. 2...Nc6 3. Bc4 Nf6?? 4. Qxf7#. This is called '''Scholar's mate''' or the '''four-move checkmate'''. === Defend e5 === As f7 is attacked once (by White's queen) and defended once (by Black's king), there is no immediate threat of Qxf7+. However, there is a threat of Qxe5+. [[/2...Nc6|'''2...Nc6''']] is the best move. Black defends against Qxe5+, while also getting to develop a piece to its most active square. The game usually continues 3. Bc4 (bringing a second attacker to f7, so now White really is threatening Qxf7#) g6 (cuts off White's queen's vision of f7, and gains time by forcing the queen to move again) 4. Qf3 (threatens Qxf7# again) Nf6 (blocks White's queen's vision of f7). The immediate threats parried, Black is ready to play ...Bg7 and ...O-O. Other options to defend e5 are playable but come with trade-offs. * '''2...d6''' defends e5, but neglects the opportunity to develop a piece. It also means that if Black wants to play ...d5 later, they will have lost a tempo by taking two moves to play d5 instead of one (d7 to d6 to d5 versus d7 to d5). * '''2...Qf6''' defends both e5 and f7, but violating opening principles yourself is no way to punish your opponent's violations of the same. The queen misplaced on f6 prevents Black's knight from coming there, which it should like to do. If the idea is to trade off queens to end the attack (3. Bc4 g6 4. Qf3 Qxf3 5. Nxf3{{chess/not|+}}), Black is giving White's attack too much credit. * '''2...Qe7''', looks unnatural but is probably fine. === Gambit e5 === Black may try [[/2...Nf6|'''2...Nf6''']], called the '''Kiddie countergambit'''. Black attacks the queen, forcing it to move, but leaves their e-pawn undefended. This is a pawn sacrifice: Black allows White to take the free pawn and instead focuses on developing their pieces. Every time Black gets to play a developing move and White has to move their queen again, Black scores a little victory in the form of tempo. After 3. Qxe5+ Be7 4. Nf3 (say) Nc6 (forces queen to move again) 5. Qf4 O-O{{chess/not}} Black has castled and developed three of their minor pieces as compensation for the lost pawn, and White has largely spent the time moving the same piece around. === Bad moves === [[/2...g6|'''2...g6??''']] is a rookie error. Black attacks the queen and leaves their e-pawn undefended, but moving the g-pawn exposed Black's rook on h8: 3. Qxe5+ Be7 (or 3...Qe7) 4. Qxh8{{Chess/not|+++}}. [[/2...Ke7|'''2...Ke7??''']] is the worst move in the position, 3. Qxe5# is checkmate. === History === 2. Qh5!? is a staple of amateur chess, played against beginners who may be expected to blunder under early pressure. It has a huge number of names, including '''patzer's opening''' (''patzer'', from German ''patzen''<ref>[https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/patzer patzer, Collins Dictionary]</ref>, being a poor chess player), which might mean it is only played ''against'' novices or ''by'' novices. In fact it has seen use by grandmasters as a non-theoretical opening, played not with the expectation that Black will blunder mate in the opening but the understanding that, once Black has parried the first few threats, White still gets a playable position that is about equal. Among its highest-level outings was Magnus Carlsen at the 2018 World Rapid Championship.<ref>[https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1938193 Carlsen v. Vokhidov, 2018]</ref> '''Parham''' comes from Bernard Parham (1946―2024), who was a National Master from Indiana who had many original ideas about how chess should be played and the relative values of different pieces. He advocated early queen moves in several lines, including 1. e4 e5 2. Qh5.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bernard Parham, chess innovator, passes away |url=https://thechessdrum.net/blog/2024/06/25/bernard-parham-chess-innovator-passes-away/ |last=Shabazz |first=Daaim |date=2024-06-25 |website=The Chess Drum}}</ref> The origin of '''Danvers''', per Winter, has been traced to a 1908 anecdote about a sanatorium:<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Danvers Opening (1 e4 e5 2 Qh5) |url=https://chesshistory.com/winter/extra/danvers.html |last=Winter |first=Edward |date=2025-03-20 |access-date=2026-01-23 |website=Chess Notes}}</ref> <blockquote>"Dr E.E. Southard, who was the Harvard College champion for a number of years and who is now a specialist on mental diseases at the Danvers Insane Hospital, tried to explain how his acquaintance with chessplayers assisted him in his profession and why he named his pet début the Danvers Opening, which consists of P-K4 and Q-R5 as White’s first and second moves."</blockquote> ==Theory table== {{Chess Opening Theory/Table}} '''1. e4 e5 2. Qh5''' <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> <tr> <th></th> <th align="left">2</th> <th align="left">3</th> <th align="left">4</th> <th align="left">5</th> <th align="left">6</th> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>...<br>[[/2...Nc6|Nc6]]</td> <td>[[/2...Nc6/3. Bc4|Bc4]]<br>g6</td> <td>Qf3<br>Nf6</td> <td>Ne2<br>Bg7</td> <td>Nbc3<br>d6</td> <td>=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>...<br>[[/2...g6|g6??]]</td> <td>Qxe5+!<br>Ne7</td> <td>Qxh8<br></td> <td>+-</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>...<br>[[/2...Nf6|Nf6!?]]</td> <td>Qxe5+<br>Be7</td> <td>=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>...<br>[[/2...Ke7|Ke7??]] </td> <td>[[/2...Ke7/3. Qxe5/|Qxe5#]]!<br>N/A </td> <td>1-0 </td> </tr> </table> {{ChessMid}} ==References== {{reflist}} === See also === {{wikipedia|Danvers Opening}} {{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}} szu5dr0te79ck4kqi4ugnb1y8d6k0du 0 39725 4634420 4412992 2026-05-06T12:10:50Z ~2026-27549-35 3581677 4634420 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Turkish/Navigation|Pronunciation and Alphabet|place=top}} {{wikipedia|Turkish language}} ==About the Turkish language== ''See also: [[w:Turkish_language|Turkish language]]'' ===History=== The earliest forms of the Turkish language were written in [[w:Orkhon_script|Orkhon script]]. During the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Turkish was influenced mainly by [[Arabic]] and [[Persian]]. The primary writing system was based on Arabic and Persian script. Due to the difficulty of learning the script only about 10% of the Ottoman Turkish population were literate. [[Image:Jali.png|center]] [[Image:Ataturk-September_20,_1928.jpg|right|150px|thumb|Atatürk introducing the new Turkish alphabet to the Turkish public.]] However, in 1928, modern Turkey's hero, [[w:Mustafa_Kemal_Ataturk|Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]], had changed many things about the Turkish language. He changed the writing system to a Turkish variant of the Latin alphabet (without the letters Q, W or X, and added the letters '''Ö''' and '''Ü''' from German, '''Ç''' from Albanian, '''Ş''' from Romanian; and also added the letters '''Ğ''', '''I''', and '''İ''' to represent certain sounds which weren't present in any other Latin-based languages at the time), and replaced many loanwords with older or constructed Turkish words. The change of the writing system heavily benefited Turkey's youth, and during the 1930s, the literacy rate shot up to 70%. Today, the overall literacy rate is approximately 87%, but the reason for the seemingly low literacy rate (for our time) has to do with personal family matters rather than any difficulty, even though it's compulsory for all Turks to go to school up to the age of 16, so technically their parents are both breaking the law and depriving their children of a wonderful gift: knowing how to read and write. ===Geographic distribution of Turkish=== [[Image:Map of Turkish Language.svg|left|200px|thumb|A map showing the countries where Turkish is an official language.]] In terms of number of speakers, Turkish is one of the largest Turkic languages in the world, spoken by 88<ref>Kuribayashi, Yuu (2012). "Transitivity in Turkish: A study of valence orientation" (PDF). ''Asian and African Languages and Linguistics''. '''7''': 39–51.</ref> million people worldwide. Turkish is the official language of [[w:Turkey|Turkey]] and the [[w:Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus|Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus]], and is a recognized minority language in [[w:Kosovo|Kosovo]] and [[wikipedia:Republic of Macedonia|North Macedonia]]. It is also an official language in the Republic of Cyprus. There are also two million Turcophones in Germany, due to its very large Turkish minority living there; a slightly smaller minority living in Bulgaria; and also over 100,000 living in France, the Netherlands, Belgium, the United Kingdom, Austria, the United States and Uzbekistan. There are also smaller Turkish-speaking minorities living elsewhere, most notably Greece, Russia, Canada and Azerbaijan*. ====Dialects==== =====Within Turkey===== Standard Turkish is basically the Turkish spoken in Istanbul. It is spoken clearly and smoothly. Like all metropolitan languages, it includes many slang words and loan words. [[Image:Tulumcu.jpg|right|thumb|A Laz man playing a Tulum, a Turkish instrument played mainly along the East Black Sea coast.]] However, Turkey is a place full of surprises and diversity, and many dialects of Turkish exist. Here are the most common: *''Rumelice'', which is spoken by muhajirs in the Rumelian area. *''Edirne'', spoken by the inhabitants of Edirne*. *''Doğu'', spoken in eastern Turkey, influenced by Azerbaijani. *''Güneydoğu'', spoken in southeastern Turkey, heavily influenced by Kurdish. *''Karadeniz'', the former spoken in northern Turkey in areas surrounding the Black Sea.* =====Outside Turkey===== *''Karamanlıca'' - spoken in Greece by [[w:Karamanlides|Karamanlides]], a Greek Orthodox, Turkish-speaking people whose ancestry goes back to central Anatolia. *''Kıbrıs'' - a dialect of Turkish spoken by Turkish Cypriots. So yes, there a variety of different dialects spoken by Turks, but don't let that put you off, because most Turks, regardless of whether they speak standard Turkish or a certain dialect, will understand standard Turkish, as it's the standard for all schools in Turkey and Northern Cyprus. ==Learning the language== Many people whose native language is not Turkish complain that Turkish is very hard to learn. Turkish, being a Turkic language, has grammar and vocabulary that is very different from Indo-European languages. Learning Dutch for a Brit or learning Italian for a Romanian is much easier than them learning Turkish. On the other hand, there are similar languages to Turkish such as Mongolian or Kazakh. === Advantages of Turkish (for English) === *There is no pronunciation help needed next to a word, because every letter is pronounced the same in every word. *:'''Turkish is a phonetic language.''' *:Learning the alphabet is enough to pronounce the word correctly. *:Once you hear a word, you'll know where to look in the dictionary. *There are no dots dividing the word into its syllables or marks indicating a stressed syllable. *:Spelling determines the syllable count and stress. *:'''Turkish nouns have no gender and its verbs, except for "to be" are all regular.''' *:Look at a noun and you'll know all its declensions. *:Look at a verb and you'll know its tense, voice, etc. *'''Turkish has no articles.''' *You can hardly ever find exceptions in Turkish. Nearly all words obey strict rules. === Disadvantages of Turkish (for English) === *'''Unlike in English, all Turkish nouns are inflected for case''' *'''Turkish verbs focus on aspect, modality, and evidentiality more than English'''. ===The benefits of learning Turkish=== Approximately 250 million people worldwide speak a Turkic language, Turkish being the most common. However, all Turkic languages have a very high degree of mutual intelligibility, therefore learning Turkish means you can speak to 100 million more people properly, and 150 million more roughly, but still understanding the basic gist of the conversation. So, 250 million, that's a lot of people, huh? Doesn't that sound like good business and marketing opportunities to you? Trust me, Turkic countries aren't as impoverished as you think. The West's definition of poor is actually very exaggerated. Many, much poorer countries are still good places to do business. Take Africa, for example. At the moment African countries have the fastest growing mobile market in the world. When entrepreneurs hear news like this, they immediately appreciate Africa's potential to generate lots of revenue in the mobile phone industry. As for Turkey, it's richer and in better shape than most African countries, so financially you could do really well there. As a matter of fact, Turkey is a member of the G20, and is the 17th most industrialised country in the world. Turkey's GDP ranks 17th, and has one of the fastest GDP growth rates in the world. Turkey has a developed services sector; a large, rapidly growing tourism sector; as well as construction, electronics, textiles and automotive industries which are very important to Turkey's economy. So who says Turkey's economy is bad? Turkey and Northern Cyprus are also political hotspots, with many things going on in the Turkish parliament and politics. If you ever have to deal with Turkish or Turkish Cypriot affairs, learning the language would be highly beneficial. On a much less serious matter, Turkish is a very beautiful-sounding language. Turkey and Northern Cyprus are actually incredibly beautiful places themselves, and are definitely worth visiting, so knowing the local language would be very useful. ==Related languages== There are many languages related to Turkish in the Turkic family. Of these, Wikibooks of the following languages are available. *[[Azerbaijani]] *[[Turkmen]] *[[Uzbek]] Azerbaijani and Turkmen in particular are very closely related to Turkish, about the same as the relation between Spanish and Portuguese. ==Notes about the Introduction== *<small>All external links in this article link to the English Wikipedia site.</small> *<small>Turks don't refer to southern Cyprus as ''Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti'' (i.e. The Republic of Cyprus), because Turkey, and of course ''Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti'' (the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus), are two of the only places in the world which don't recognize it. Instead, they refer to Southern Cyprus as the ''Güney Kıbrıs Rum Yönetimi'' (the Greek Administration of Southern Cyprus).</small> **<small>Turks, particularly Cypriot Turks, find it offensive when you refer to Southern Cyprus as ''The Republic of Cyprus'', because the definition of ''The Republic of Cyprus'' takes the entire island into account, including Northern Cyprus.</small> **<small>Unlike most languages, when you say the word ''Kıbrıs'', Turks immediately assume you're talking about Northern Cyprus, so when trying to refer to Southern Cyprus, you must say ''Güney Kıbrıs'' (southern Cyprus).</small> *<small>Quite a few of the new loanwords are now either seldom used or the old equivalents are used as much as the new ones.</small> *<small>The Azerbaijani and Turkmen languages are members of the Oghuz, or southwestern subfamily of Turkic, and are therefore extremely similar to Turkish. For example, a Turkish speaker listening to an Azeri conversation, or vice-versa, could probably understand the basic gist of the conversation without having to learn the language of it. Azerbaijani is sometimes even considered as a Turkish dialect. Uzbek is a member of the Uyghuric subfamily of Turkic, and therefore much less close, though much of the grammar and vocabulary are similar.</small> *<small>Edirne is the westernmost city in Turkey, and is close to the borders of Greece and Bulgaria. Because of this, the Edirne dialect is influenced by Greek and Bulgarian.{{citation needed}}</small> *<small>Laz people have their own language called [[w:Laz_language|Laz language]], which is unrelated to Turkish, but related to [[Georgian]] and spoken mainly in Georgia and the Black Sea region of Turkey.</small> {{Turkish/Navigation|Pronunciation and Alphabet|place=bottom}} {{Turkish/TOC}} [[de:Türkisch: Vorwort]] [[nl:Turks/Inleiding]] 8itvksfhgl9m99x2u4exbljey0kxuxm 0 42589 4634558 4036731 2026-05-07T08:42:06Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{x86 Disassembly/Page}} == The Stack == [[Image:Data stack.svg|right]] Generally speaking, a '''stack''' is a data structure that stores data values contiguously in memory. Unlike an array, however, you access (read or write) data only at the "top" of the stack. To read from the stack is said "'''to pop'''" and to write to the stack is said "'''to push'''". A stack is also known as a LIFO queue (Last In First Out) since values are popped from the stack in ''the reverse order'' that they are pushed onto it (think of how you pile up plates on a table). Popped data disappears from the stack. All x86 architectures use a stack as a temporary storage area in RAM that allows the processor to quickly store and retrieve data in memory. The current top of the stack is pointed to by the '''esp''' register. The stack "grows" downward, from high to low memory addresses, so values recently pushed onto the stack are located in memory addresses ''above'' the esp pointer. No register specifically points to the bottom of the stack, although most operating systems monitor the stack bounds to detect both "underflow" (popping an empty stack) and "overflow" (pushing too much information on the stack) conditions. When a value is popped off the stack, the value remains sitting in memory until overwritten. However, you should never rely on the content of memory addresses below esp, because other functions may overwrite these values without your knowledge. Users of Windows ME, 98, 95, 3.1 (and earlier) may fondly remember the infamous "Blue Screen of Death" -- that was sometimes caused by a stack overflow exception. This occurs when too much data is written to the stack, and the stack "grows" beyond its limits. Modern operating systems use better bounds-checking and error recovery to reduce the occurrence of stack overflows, and to maintain system stability after one has occurred. == Push and Pop == The following lines of ASM code are basically equivalent: {| style="margin:0 auto; border=0 cellspacing=20 cellpadding=10 | <syntaxhighlight lang="asm"> push eax </syntaxhighlight> | <syntaxhighlight lang="asm"> sub esp, 4 mov DWORD PTR SS:[esp], eax </syntaxhighlight> |- | <syntaxhighlight lang="asm"> pop eax </syntaxhighlight> | <syntaxhighlight lang="asm"> mov eax, DWORD PTR SS:[esp] add esp, 4 </syntaxhighlight> |} but the single command actually performs much faster than the alternative. It can be visualized that the stack grows from right to left, and esp decreases as the stack grows in size. {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" |- !Push !Pop |- |[[Image:ReverseEngineeringPush.JPG]] |[[Image:ReverseEngineeringPop.JPG]] |} == ESP In Action == {{x86 Disassembly/Syntax|MASM}} Let's say we want to quickly discard 3 items we pushed earlier onto the stack, without saving the values (in other words "clean" the stack). The following works (note that it overwrites the '''eax''' register): {{-}} <syntaxhighlight lang="asm"> pop eax pop eax pop eax </syntaxhighlight> However there is a faster method, that also does not affect any register but the stack pointer. We can simply perform some basic arithmetic on esp to make the pointer go "above" the data items, so they cannot be read anymore, and can be overwritten with the next round of '''push''' commands. <syntaxhighlight lang="asm"> add esp, 12 ; 12 is 3 DWORDs (4 bytes * 3) </syntaxhighlight> Likewise, if we want to reserve room on the stack for an item bigger than a DWORD, we can use a subtraction to artificially move esp forward. We can then access our reserved memory directly as a memory pointer, or we can access it indirectly as an offset value from esp itself. Say we wanted to create an array of byte values on the stack, 100 items long. We want to store the pointer to the base of this array in '''edi'''. How do we do it? Here is an example: <syntaxhighlight lang="asm"> sub esp, 100 ; num of bytes in our array mov edi, esp ; copy address of 100 bytes area to edi </syntaxhighlight> To destroy that array, we simply write the instruction <syntaxhighlight lang="asm"> add esp, 100 </syntaxhighlight> == Reading Without Popping == To read values on the stack without popping them off the stack, '''esp''' can be used with an offset. For instance, to read the 3 DWORD values from the top of the stack into eax (but without using a pop instruction), we would use the instructions: <syntaxhighlight lang="asm"> mov eax, DWORD PTR SS:[esp] mov eax, DWORD PTR SS:[esp + 4] mov eax, DWORD PTR SS:[esp + 8] </syntaxhighlight> Remember, since esp moves downward as the stack grows, data on the stack can be accessed with a positive offset. A negative offset should never be used because data "above" the stack cannot be counted on to stay the way you left it. The operation of reading from the stack without popping is often referred to as "peeking", but since this isn't the official term for it this wikibook won't use it. == Data Allocation == There are two areas in the computer memory where a program can store data. The first, the one that we have been talking about, is the stack. It is a linear LIFO buffer that allows fast allocations and deallocations, but has a limited size. The '''heap''' is typically a non-linear data storage area, typically implemented using linked lists, binary trees, or other more exotic methods. Heaps are slightly more difficult to interface with and to maintain than a stack, and allocations/deallocations are performed more slowly. However, heaps can grow as the data grows, and new heaps can be allocated when data quantities become too large. As we shall see, explicitly declared variables are allocated on the stack. Stack variables are finite in number, and have a definite size. Heap variables can be variable in number and in size. We will discuss these topics in more detail later. pgccbe66xit6blb88633nq4pqf9qpqc 0 46670 4634559 3820884 2026-05-07T08:43:05Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{XML-MDE|prev=XPath|next=CSS}} <table cellspacing=10 cellpadding=10 border=5> <tr> <td> <font size=4><b>Learning objectives</b></font> <br> <ul> <li> <font size=3> Learn different techniques of implementing XLink's in XML</font></li> <li> <font size=3> create a custom XLink</font></li> <li> <font size=3> learn the functionality behind various XLink parameters</font></li> </ul> </td> <td> sponsored by: <br><br> {{center/top}} <font size=3><b>The University of Georgia</b></font> <br><br> <font size=5 color=#990000><b>Terry College of Business</b></font> <br><br> <font size=3><b>Department of Management Information Systems</b></font> {{center/end}} </td> </tr> </table> <br><br> ==Introduction== Through the use of Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI's), an '''XLink''' allows elements to be inserted into XML documents that create links between resources such as documents, images, files and other pages. An XLink is similar in concept to an HTML hyperlink, but is more powerful and flexible. This chapter will be a general overview of the XLink syntax. It will also provide exposure to some of XLink's basic concepts. For the full XLink specification, see the latest version of the standard at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xlink ==XLink== XLinks create a linking relationship between two or more resources. They allow for any XML element, image, text or markup files to be specified in the link. By using a method similar to the centralized formatting of XSL stylesheets, XLinks allow a document's hyperlinks to be isolated and centralized in a separate document. As a linked document's addresses changes, the XLink remains functional. The use of XLink requires the declaration of the [http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/ XLink namespace]. This namespace provides the global attributes for type, href, role, arcrole, title, show, actuate, label, from and to. The following example would make the prefix xlink available within the tourGuide element. <syntaxhighlight lang="xml"> <tourGuide xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> ... </tourGuide> </syntaxhighlight> ==XLink global attributes== The following table outlines the attributes that can be used with the xlink namespace. The global attributes are type, href, role, arcrole, title, show, actuate, label, from, and to. The table also includes descriptions of how the attributes can be used. '''Exhibit 1: Table of global attributes'''<br> <table cellspacing=10 cellpadding=10 border=5> <tr> <td> <font size=3><b>Attributes</b></font> </td> <td> <font size=3><b>Description and Valid Values</b></font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <b>type</b> </td> <td> Describes the meaning of an item<br> <ul> <li>simple - basic format similar to html linkage</li> <li>extended - more complex than simple types with multi functional format</li> <li>resource - provides local resources</li> <li>locator - provides remote resources</li> <li>arc - provides the ability to traverse from one resource to another</li> <li>title - readable name or explanation of link</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <b>href</b> </td> <td> Location of resource<br> <ul> <li>value is URI</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <b>role</b> </td> <td> Description of XLink's content<br> <ul> <li>value is URI</li> <li>describes the element whose role it is</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <b>arcrole</b> </td> <td> Description of XLink's content<br> <ul> <li>value is URI</li> <li>describe the relationship between the two sides of the arc</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <b>title</b> </td> <td> Name displayed, usually short description of link<br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <b>show</b> </td> <td> Describes behavior of the browser once the XLink has been actuated and loaded<br> <ul> <li>new - load in a new window or frame</li> <li>replace - load in same window or frame</li> <li>embed - replace the current item</li> <li>other - look for information elsewhere</li> <li>none - not specified</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <b>actuate</b> </td> <td> Specifies when resource is retrieved or link processing occurs<br> <ul> <li>onRequest - when user requests the link</li> <li>onLoad - when page is loaded</li> <li>other - looks for information elsewhere</li> <li>none - not specified</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <b>label, from & to</b> </td> <td> Specifies link direction </td> </tr> </table> <br><br> ==XML schema== <br> The following XML schema defines a tour guide that contains at least one city. Each city contains one or more attractions. The name of each attraction is an XLink. '''Exhibit 2: XML schema for TourGuide''' <syntaxhighlight lang="xml"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Document : TourGuide.xsd Created on : February 28, 2006 Author : Billy Timmins --> <!-- Declaration of usage of xlink Namespace --> <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="unqualified" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <xsd:element name="tourGuide"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="city" type="cityDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded" /> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <!-- This section will contain the City details --> <xsd:complexType name="cityDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="cityName" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="adminUnit" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="country" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="continent"> <xsd:simpleType> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> <xsd:enumeration value="Asia"/> <xsd:enumeration value="Africa"/> <xsd:enumeration value="Australia"/> <xsd:enumeration value="Europe"/> <xsd:enumeration value="North America"/> <xsd:enumeration value="South America"/> <xsd:enumeration value="Antarctica"/> </xsd:restriction> </xsd:simpleType> </xsd:element> <xsd:element name="population" type="xsd:integer"/> <xsd:element name="description" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="attraction" type="attractionDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:complexType name="attractionDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <!-- Note use of xlink --> <xsd:element name="attractionName" xlink:type="simple"/> <xsd:element name="attractionDescription" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="attractionRating" type="xsd:integer"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:schema> </syntaxhighlight> ==XML document== <br> The following XML document shows how the XLink, attractionName, defined in the XML schema, is used in an XML document. Note that it is necessary to include xlink:href="" within the attribute tags in order to define the linked website. '''Exhibit 3: XML document for TourGuide.xsd (using XLink)''' <syntaxhighlight lang="xml"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Document : SomeTourGuide.xml Created on : February 28, 2006 Author : Billy Timmins --> <!-- Declaration of usage of XLink Namespace --> <?xml-stylesheet href="TourGuide.xsl" type="text/xsl"?> <tourGuide xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="TourGuide.xsd"> <city> <cityName>Atlanta</cityName> <adminUnit>Georgia</adminUnit> <country>USA</country> <continent>North America</continent> <population>425000</population> <description>Atlanta is the capital of and largest city in the U.S. state of Georgia.</description> <attraction> <!-- Declaration of XLink and associated link --> <attractionName xlink:href="http://www.georgiaaquarium.org/"> Georgia Aquarium </attractionName> <attractionDescription>World’s Largest Aquarium</attractionDescription> <attractionRating>5</attractionRating> </attraction> <attraction> <!-- Declaration of XLink and associated link --> <attractionName xlink:href="http://www.high.org/"> High Museum of Art </attractionName> <attractionDescription>The High Museum of Art, founded in 1905 as the Atlanta Art Association, is the leading art museum in the Southeastern United States.</attractionDescription> <attractionRating>4</attractionRating> </attraction> <attraction> <!-- Declaration of XLink and associated link --> <attractionName xlink:href="http://www.underground-atlanta.com/"> Underground Atlanta </attractionName> <attractionDescription> Go beneath the streets of a bustling downtown, to the heart of a great American city. Underground Atlanta is at the center of it all.</attractionDescription> <attractionRating>2</attractionRating> </attraction> </city> <city> <cityName>Tampa</cityName> <adminUnit>Florida</adminUnit> <country>USA</country> <continent>North America</continent> <population>303000</population> <description>Tampa is a major United States city located in Hillsborough County, on the west coast of Florida.</description> <attraction> <!-- Declaration of XLink and associated link --> <attractionName xlink:href="http://www.buschgardens.com/buschgardens/fla/default.aspx"> Bush Gardens </attractionName> <attractionDescription>The nation's fourth largest zoo, Bush Gardens is where you can see African animals roaming free and an exciting amusement park featuring its world-famous rides like Kumba and the new inverted roller-coaster, Montu.</attractionDescription> <attractionRating>5</attractionRating> </attraction> <attraction> <!-- Declaration of XLink and associated link --> <attractionName xlink:href="http://www.plantmuseum.com/"> Henry B. Plant Museum </attractionName> <attractionDescription>Discover a museum which transports you to turn-of-the-century Florida.</attractionDescription> <attractionRating>1</attractionRating> </attraction> </city> </tourGuide></syntaxhighlight> ==XML stylesheet== <br> The following XML stylesheet displays the contents of the XML document. '''Exhibit 4: XML stylesheet TourGuide''' <syntaxhighlight lang="xml"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Document : TourGuide.xsl Created on : February 28, 2006 Author : Billy Timmins --> <!-- Declaration of usage of XLink Namespace --> <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" exclude-result-prefixes="xlink" version="1.0"> <xsl:output method="html"/> <!-- Attribute XLink defined as an href of simple type --> <xsl:template match="*[@xlink:type = 'simple' and @xlink:href]"> <a href="{@xlink:href}"> <xsl:apply-templates/> </a> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <head> <title>Tour Guide XLink Example</title> </head> <body> <h2>Cities</h2> <xsl:apply-templates select="tourGuide"/> </body> </html> </xsl:template> <!-- template for handling a link --> <xsl:template match="attractionName"> <a href="{@xlink:href}"> <xsl:value-of select="."/> </a> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="tourGuide"> <table border="1" width="100%"> <xsl:for-each select="city"> <tr> <td> <br/> <xsl:text>City: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="cityName"/> <br/> <xsl:text>County: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="adminUnit"/> <br/> <xsl:text>Continent: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="continent"/> <br/> <xsl:text>Population: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="population"/> <br/> <xsl:text>Description: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="description"/> <br/> <br/> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <xsl:text>Attraction: </xsl:text> </td> <td> <xsl:text>Attraction Description: </xsl:text> </td> <td> <xsl:text>Attraction Rating: </xsl:text> </td> </tr> <xsl:for-each select="attraction"> <tr> <td> <!-- application of the template --> <xsl:apply-templates select="attractionName"/> </td> <td> <xsl:value-of select="attractionDescription"/> </td> <td> <xsl:value-of select="attractionRating"/> </td> </tr> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:for-each> </table> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> </syntaxhighlight> == Summary == {| style="background:linen; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em; width: 100%;" |- | XLink is an extremely versatile specification that standardizes the process for linking to other data sources. Not only does XLink support unidirectional linking similar to an anchor tag in HTML but also can be used to create bidirectional links. Additionally, XLink allows for the linkage from any XML element. This gives great freedom to the developer. |- |} == [[/Exercises|Exercises]] == == [[/Answers|Answers]] == {{BookCat}} g2cs8y9y0068rxwx4rc6m3xkx2c0p84 0 49248 4634572 3267145 2026-05-07T08:48:28Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634572 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} XLink Chapter => [[../|XLink]] XLink Exercises => [[../Exercises|Exercises]] {{center/end}} == 1) Movie Collection == ===the Schema=== {| style="background:white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em; width: 100%;" |- | <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Document : movies.xsd Created on : February 6, 2006 Author : Christina Serrano Modified : Billy Timmins --> <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="unqualified" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <xsd:element name="movieCollection"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="movie" type="movieDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> <xsd:element name="castMember" type="castDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <xsd:complexType name="movieDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="movieTitle" xlink:type="simple"/> <xsd:element name="movieSynopsis" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="role" type="roleDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:complexType name="roleDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="roleIDREF" type="xsd:IDREF"/> <xsd:element name="roleType" type="xsd:string"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:complexType name="castDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="castMemberID" type="xsd:ID"/> <xsd:element name="castFirstName" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="castLastName" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="castSSN" type="ssnType" minOccurs="0"/> <xsd:element name="castGender" type="genderType"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:simpleType name="ssnType"> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> <xsd:pattern value="\d{3}-\d{2}-\d{4}"/> </xsd:restriction> </xsd:simpleType> <xsd:simpleType name="genderType"> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> <xsd:enumeration value="male"/> <xsd:enumeration value="female"/> </xsd:restriction> </xsd:simpleType> </xsd:schema> </nowiki></pre> |- |} ===the Document=== {| style="background:white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em; width: 100%;" |- | <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <?xml-stylesheet href="movies.xsl" type="text/xsl" media="screen"?> <!-- Document : movies.xml Created on : February 6, 2006 Author : Christina Serrano Modified : Billy Timmins --> <movieCollection xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="movies.xsd"> <movie> <movieTitle xlink:href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0317248/"> City of God </movieTitle> <movieSynopsis> Youth gangs took over the slums of Rio de Janiero during the 1960s and didn't relinquish their stronghold until the mid-1980s. Only a sucker wouldn't have turned to crime and this is exactly how naive teen Rocket views himself. Rocket shoots all of the action with his weapon of choice, a camera. </movieSynopsis> <role> <roleIDREF>ar1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>lf1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>kf1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actress</roleType> </role> </movie> <movie> <movieTitle xlink:href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0395169/"> Hotel Rwanda </movieTitle> <movieSynopsis> Paul Rusesabagina, the manager of a European-owned hotel in Rwanda, created a secret refugee camp for the Tutsi people during the brutal genocide committed against them by the Hutu people in 1994. His efforts helped to save 1200 lives out of close to a million who were killed. </movieSynopsis> <role> <roleIDREF>dc1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>nn1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Supporting Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>so1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actress</roleType> </role> </movie> <movie> <movieTitle xlink:href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0364725/"> Dodgeball </movieTitle> <movieSynopsis> The story's protagonist, Peter LaFleur, is a charismatic underachiever and proprietor of a rundown gym called Average Joe's. Peter's humble gym catches the eye of White Goodman, the power-mullet-sporting, Fu-Manchu-d, egomaniacal owner of Globo Gym, a gleaming monolith of fitness. White intends to take over Average Joe's, and Peter's non-existent bookkeeping is making it all too easy for him. The only way Peter can save Average Joe's is a showdown dodgeball competition against Globo Gym. </movieSynopsis> <role> <roleIDREF>bs1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>ct1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actress</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>vv1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> </movie> <movie> <movieTitle xlink:href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0212338/"> Meet the Parents </movieTitle> <movieSynopsis> Greg Focker is head over heels in love with his girlfriend Pam, and is ready to pop the big question. When his attempt to propose is thwarted by a phone call with the news that Pam's younger sister is getting married, Greg realizes that the key to Pam's hand in marriage lies with her formidable father. </movieSynopsis> <role> <roleIDREF>bs1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>tp1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actress</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>rd1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> </movie> <castMember> <castMemberID>ar1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Alexandre</castFirstName> <castLastName>Rodrigues</castLastName> <castSSN>867-34-2949</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>lf1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Leandro</castFirstName> <castLastName>Firmino da Hora</castLastName> <castSSN>839-59-8765</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>kf1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Karina</castFirstName> <castLastName>Falcao</castLastName> <castSSN>987-34-2958</castSSN> <castGender>female</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>dc1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Don</castFirstName> <castLastName>Cheadle</castLastName> <castSSN>849-39-4439</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>nn1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Nick</castFirstName> <castLastName>Nolte</castLastName> <castSSN>233-56-4309</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>so1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Sophie</castFirstName> <castLastName>Okonedo</castLastName> <castSSN>993-23-4958</castSSN> <castGender>female</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>rd1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Robert</castFirstName> <castLastName>De Niro</castLastName> <castSSN>489-32-5984</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>bs1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Ben</castFirstName> <castLastName>Stiller</castLastName> <castSSN>590-59-2774</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>tp1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Teri</castFirstName> <castLastName>Polo</castLastName> <castSSN>099-37-8765</castSSN> <castGender>female</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>vv1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Vince</castFirstName> <castLastName>Vaughn</castLastName> <castSSN>383-56-2095</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>ct1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Christine</castFirstName> <castLastName>Taylor</castLastName> <castSSN>309-49-4005</castSSN> <castGender>female</castGender> </castMember> </movieCollection> </nowiki></pre> |- |} ===the Stylesheet=== {| style="background:white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em; width: 100%;" |- | <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Document : movies.xsl Created on : February 6, 2006 Author : Christina Serrano Modified : Billy Timmins --> <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" exclude-result-prefixes="xlink" version="1.0"> <xsl:key name="castList" match="castMember" use="castMemberID"/> <xsl:output method="html"/> <xsl:template match="*[@xlink:type = 'simple' and @xlink:href]"> <a href="{@xlink:href}"> <xsl:apply-templates/> </a> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <head> <title>Movie Collection</title> </head> <body> <h2>Movie Collection</h2> <xsl:apply-templates select="movieCollection"/> </body> </html> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="movieTitle"> <a href="{@xlink:href}"> <xsl:value-of select="."/> </a> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="movieCollection"> <xsl:for-each select="movie"> <hr/> <br/> <b><xsl:text>Movie Title: </xsl:text></b> <xsl:apply-templates select="movieTitle"/> <br/> <br/> <b><xsl:text>Movie Synopsis: </xsl:text></b> <xsl:value-of select="movieSynopsis"/> <br/> <br/> <b><xsl:text>Cast: </xsl:text></b> <br/> <xsl:for-each select="role"> <xsl:value-of select="key('castList',roleIDREF)/castFirstName"/> <xsl:text> </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="key('castList',roleIDREF)/castLastName"/> <xsl:text>, </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="roleType"/> <br/> <xsl:value-of select="key('castList',roleIDREF)/castGender"/> <xsl:text>, </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="key('castList',roleIDREF)/castSSN"/> <br/> <br/> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> </nowiki></pre> |- |} {{center/top}} XLink Chapter => [[../|XLink]] XLink Exercises => [[../Exercises|Exercises]] {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} 47n587fpas19fmce13bpshclukkab06 0 50373 4634608 3504826 2026-05-07T09:43:22Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634608 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="width:100%; margin-bottom: .6em; -moz-border-radius: 4px; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #50A6C2; background-color:#F0F8FF; padding: .6em .6em .6em .6em;" | width="100px" | [[File:Constitution of the United States, page 1.jpg|100px|frameless]] | <font face="bitstream" color=#bb1b00 size= "+2">'''US CRIMINAL LAW'''</font><br/> | width="100px" | [[File:Scale of justice 2.svg|75px|frameless]] |} {{Book Search|prefix=US Criminal Law}} {{USLawTOC}} {{Reading level|advanced}} {{Wikiversity|United States Law/Criminal|US Criminal Law}} [[File:US Supreme Court.JPG|250px|frameless|right]] {|style="width:65%;" | style="background-color: cream; border: solid 1px gray; padding: 1em;" valign="top" | This book is about US Criminal Law, its history, development and current state. The book is designed to complement the Wikiversity course of [[:v:United States Law/Criminal|the same name]], but can be read on its own. Each chapter begins with an outline of the topic because an understanding of the principles of criminal law is necessary to place the topic in context. Where appropriate each chapter will highlight relevant case law and statutes, which may include links to other resources within and outside Wikimedia wikis. The main goals of the book are to enable the reader to: * understand the aims and functions of the criminal justice system; * understand the major criminal offences; * understand the concept of criminal liability; * critically evaluate the criminal law and reform proposals. |} {|style="width:65%;" | style="background-color: cream; border: solid 1px gray; padding: 1em;" valign="top" | All crimes have the following four elements in common: #a voluntary act known as [[w:en:actus reus|actus reus]]. #a culpable state of mind known as [[w:en:mens rea|mens rea]]. #“concurrence” between the mens rea and the actus reus. #causation of harm (or risk). |} {| style="width:65%;" | style="background-color: cream; border: solid 1px gray; padding: 1em;" valign="top" | == Chapters == {{col-begin}} {{col-break}} * [[/Mens rea/]] {{stage|25%|2018-01-01}} * [[/Actus reus/]] {{stage|25%|2018-01-01}} * [[/Summary/]] {{stage|25%|2018-01-01}} {{col-break}} * [[/Preliminary offenses/]] {{stage|25%|2018-01-01}} * [[/Search and seizure/]] {{stage|25%|2018-01-01}} * [[/Defenses/]] {{stage|25%|2017-12-31}} {{col-break}} {{col-end}} |} {| style="width:65%;margin:auto;" | style="background-color: cream; border: solid 1px gray; padding: 1em;" valign="top"| {{center|[[File:CC-BY-SA Yellow.svg]] [[File:GFDL Yellow.svg]]}}{{center|This book is dual licensed under the GFDL and Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.}} |} {{message box|image=Stop hand.png|alt=stop sign|backgroundcolor=white|heading=Legal Disclaimer|message=This book contains legal information, which is for educational purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice; please consult a qualified legal professional prior to making legal decisions. 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Strother (PDF layout by Jason McAlpin) with contributions from the Wings3D user community. {{center/end}} {{Book Search|prefix=Wings 3D}} [[File:Wings3d.png|right]] Currently, this wiki is largely based on an older version of the Wings 3D manual, which having been written in 2003, is considerably out of date and filled with extraneous material. Please help us improve this unofficial wiki manual by removing clutter and updating entries to reflect the latest information. All the original material from the official manual will be eventually removed, and then the above copyright notice can be removed. The 2003 manual does a very good job of giving brief and concise explanations of features. For this reason, it is being used as the basis for this wiki. If anyone would like to help out, there is an icon in adobe acrobat that turns the mouse pointer into a cursor that you can highlight .pdf text to copy and paste. '''Latest Version of [http://www.wings3d.com Wings 3D]''' * '''Stable: 2.4''' * '''Development: 2.3''' This manual reflects content in Wings 3D ver. '''0.98.10d''' == Installing Wings == Wings3D is written in the [[w:Erlang_programming_language|Erlang programming language]]. The Erlang binaries needed for Wings are compiled into the Wings distribution. A list of currently-available plugins can be found [[Wings 3D/User Manual/Plugins|here]]. Note that plugins don’t necessarily work with every version of Wings3D; a given plugin might only work with a particular update. If you're interested in developing for Wings, you'll need to download the full Erlang distribution. You can download both the Wings3D binaries and Erlang source and runtime libraries for Windows from the [http://www.wings3d.com/ Wings home page]. === Windows === OpenGL and Windows 2000, Win XP or higher are required in order to run Wings 0.99. The Wings download is a self extracting installer; to install Wings, simply double click on the installer. When a new version of Wings becomes available, simply download the new installer for Wings and overwrite the old installation. === Linux === Open GL or Mesa is required in order to run Wings 0.99. Decompress the installation file from the archive wings-0.XXX-linux.run.gz: $ gzip -d wings-0.XXX-linux.run.gz And install it: $ ./wings-0.XXX-linux.run A directory with the name wings-0.XXX will be created in your home directory. In order to run Wings3d: $~/wings-0.XXX/wings === Mac === * Mac OS X 10.4 ("Tiger") is required in order to run Wings 0.98.35. * Mac OS X 10.3 ("Panther") is required in order to run Wings 0.98.26. * Mac OS X 10.2 is required in order to run versions of Wings earlier than 0.99. Download and open the .dmg (disk image) file and copy the enclosed file to your desired directory. It is ready to use. == Subdivision Modeling == * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/The Nature of Subdivision Modeling/Subdivision and Such|Subdivision and Such]] * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/The Nature of Subdivision Modeling/The Nature of Edge Loops|The Nature of Edge Loops]] * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/The Nature of Subdivision Modeling/Winged Edge Topology|Winged Edge Topology]] == User Interface == [[File:Wings_legend.png|right]] [[File:Wings3d_UM_Overview1.png|thumb|The Wings3D program window|400px|right]] Wings3D opens with an empty '''geometry window''' (or '''workspace''') at its core. Above the geometry window are the '''title bar''', the '''menu bar''', the '''tool bar''', and the '''status bar'''. At the bottom of the window is the '''information line'''. The rest of the user interface is accessed via context-sensitive menus called up via clicking the '''right mouse button''' over the workspace. The title bar along the top of the application window identifies the program's name. At the far right of the Title Bar are the standard GUI widgets for Minimize, Restore, and Close. If a previously saved file is open in Wings 3D, the title bar will display its file name. When a file is auto-saved, the title bar displays that the file has been auto-saved. === Geometry Window === The main window in Wings 3D is the '''geometry window'''. This is where your work is displayed and worked on. === Menu Bar === At the top of the Geometry window is the menu bar. This is where you will find general options in Wings that are not specific to any one Selection Mode. The menus are as follows: * [[/The File Menu/]] * [[/The Edit Menu/]] * [[/The View Menu/]] * [[/The Select Menu/]] * [[/The Tools Menu/]] * [[/The Window Menu/]] * [[/The Help Menu/]] === The Toolbar === The toolbar is a feature within the Geometry window, below the menu bar. It provides one-click access to saving/loading, undo/redo, selection type, general preferences, and scene view options. Clicking an empty section of the toolbar will deselect any selected elements. It can be hidden by placing the mouse over the Geometry window title bar and clicking the right mouse button and selecting '''Hide Toolbar''' from the pop-up menu. To reveal a hidden toolbar, right-click the title bar and select '''Show Toolbar'''. ==== Toolbar Buttons ==== * '''Vertex''' - switches to '''vertex mode''' ** Clicking the ''Vertex Icon'' when in another selection mode will transform your current selection to its equivalent as ''Vertices'' ** Clicking the ''Vertex Icon'' with a vertex selection already made will "grow" the selection * '''Edge''' - switches to '''edge mode''' ** Clicking the ''Edge Icon'' when in another selection mode will transform your current selection to its equivalent as ''Edges'' ** Clicking the ''Edge Icon'' with an edge selection already made will "grow" the selection * '''Face''' - switches to '''face mode''' ** Clicking the ''Face Icon'' when in another selection mode will transform your current selection to its equivalent as ''Faces'' ** Clicking the ''Face Icon'' with a face selection already made will "grow" the selection * '''Object''' - switches to '''object/body mode''' ** Clicking the ''object/Body Icon'' when in another selection mode will select the entire object ---- ''Note that growing the selection using the toolbar icons does not grow the selection in the same way that '''Select|More''' submenu in the '''menu bar''' does.'' ---- * '''Preferences''' - opens the preferences window * '''Shaded Preview''' - toggles between '''smooth''' and '''flat''' view mode * '''Orthographic/Perspective View''' - toggles between '''orthographic view''' and '''perspective view''' ** ''Orthographic View'' shows models in two dimensions. In this mode, lines are not subject to foreshortening like they are in perspective view. Therefore, in a scene with two identical objects the object furthest away from the camera still appears to have the same dimensions as the object closest to the camera. This is useful for certain operations like moving elements only on the plane that the camera is facing with '''Move|Free''' or '''Tools|Tweak Mode'''. It is also useful in some '''Tools|Connect Mode''' operations. ** ''Perspective View'' shows the model in three dimensions and gives the impression that certain elements of the geometry are further away than others. This is often the ideal viewing mode for most modeling operations because this is how objects appear to us in the real world. * '''Show/Hide Grid''' - toggles the '''grid''' on and off * '''Show/Hide Axes''' - toggles the X, Y and Z '''axes''' on or off === The Status Bar === The status bar changes automatically to display relevant information about selected elements or helpful comments during complex modeling operations. Keeping an eye on the status bar is important as it gives you valuable information about the status of an operation while manipulating elements of geometry. It displays this information in '''degrees(°)''' for rotations, as a '''percentage(%)''' during scale operations, and in '''distances(D)''' for movements in Wings' internal distance units (wu). === The Workspace === In the Workspace itself are the three main axes which are conveniently labeled X, Y, and Z. It is customary to think in terms of X as being the right and left, Y the up and down and Z the front and back of a model. Many of the commands are axis-specific in operation, working around these global axes or around local axes parallel to them. Display colors for each axis are by default set to '''X: red, Y: green, Z: blue''', but you can assign axis colors according to your preference. A grid is centered at the world's origin point. This grid is useful for measuring the objects you create. It uses Wings world units, which are an arbitrary size that you can use to represent any scale you want, i.e. inches, feet, etc. === The Information Line === The '''information line''' runs along the bottom of the main Wings window. This is probably the most important thing to keep your eye on, ''especially'' if you are new to Wings. The information line's main purpose is to display every possible button option available for the currently highlighted or active ''operation'', ''tool'', or ''menu item''. Many of the tools and menu options have more than one function, and some of the more advanced options are only displayed in the information line. To display any menu item's possible options or described function, simply hover over the item with the mouse cursor. The information line uses the letters '''L''', '''M''' and '''R''' for the left, middle and right mouse buttons, respectively. When several options are available for a tool, menu item, or during an operation, those options are displayed in the information line preceded by L, M, or R. Sometimes the user will be prompted to depress a '''modifier key''' in conjunction with the designated mouse button. The typical modifier keys are ''control <Ctrl>'', ''<Alt>'', or ''<Shift>'', or sometimes a combination of two or more are used with the mouse buttons. There are other instances when numeric or other keys are used to toggle options. In cases where numeric keys are used to change the result of a command, '''do not use the numeric keypad'''. For numeric key modifiers displayed in the information line, use the numeric keys across the top of your keyboard instead. === Dialog Boxes === '''Dialog boxes''' are used to enter values via the keyboard as parameters for operations in Wings. Some dialog boxes pop up when the user chooses to enter a value numerically and other pop up automatically asking the user to enter a value before proceeding. ==== Tab Entry Dialog Box ==== The most common dialog boxes in Wings is the '''tab entry dialog box'''. Perhaps that's not its official name, but it serves as a pretty apt description. Pressing '''<tab>''' during most types of operations that involve ''scaling'', ''moving'', ''rotating'', or ''extruding'' elements of geometry invokes this dialog box. The information line will tell you when this option is available. When the user presses '''<tab>''' during such an operation, the tab entry dialog box will open with the present value of the operation already entered, ready for the user to edit. The benefit to using the tab entry dialog box is that you can apply very precise transformations to operations that would be very difficult or impossible by mouse-dragging. ==== Math In Dialog Boxes ==== There's an interesting feature to this dialog box that's not apparent at first glance. Wings understands most of the common mathematical expressions including addition(+), subtraction(-), multiplication(*) and division(/). It is perfectly feasible to type 12.345+0.1/1.67-4 into the dialog, press '''<enter>''' and receive a legitimate result for a particular operation. Note that Wings recognizes a number of mathematical expressions. In the dialog box, type '''math:''' before the expression -- for example, '''math:pi''' would call up the value of pi. Here are the allowed expressions: * sin * cos * tan * asin * acos * atan * atan * sinh * cosh * tanh * asinh * acosh * atanh * exp * log * log10 * pow * sqrt * abs * pi ==== Dialog Box History ==== Another feature of the dialog boxes is a kind of "history" feature. The tab entry dialog box retains previous entries and can pull those values back up at your bidding. Pressing the up and down arrow keys will scroll through the history of past inputs. Access to previous entries in a dialog box can be a useful, especially when you have to perform the same procedure more than once in a session. The history function allows you to quickly repeat a procedure at a constant value. Keep in mind that dialog box input history is not exclusive to each tool. It keeps a running history of the inputs for ''all tools''. This means that the last entry you typed will appear when you press the up arrow once, '''not necessarily the input you typed for the last time you used that particular tool.''' === Assigning Hotkeys === Wings has a set of standard hotkeys which come predefined upon installing. (For your current hotkey listing, in the Menu Bar go to '''Help|Defined Hotkeys'''.) One of the great advantages that Wings offers its users is the ability to set user-defined hotkeys. Any command that appears in a menu can be assigned to a keyboard shortcut. To assign a hotkey to a command, open the menu containing the command. Highlight the command and press the '''<Insert>''' or the '''</>''' key, followed by the key you wish to assign it to. The hotkey should now appear beside the command. To delete a hotkey, highlight the command and press the '''< Del >''' or '''<\>''' key. ==== What To Know About Hotkeys ==== Here are a few facts about hotkeying in Wings which will help in creating a layout that works for you. * The hotkey assigned to a tool or command is displayed beside it in the menu where that command is found. * Wings accepts any combination of '''<Ctrl>''', '''<Shift>''' or '''<Alt>''' as a modifier to a hotkey. For instance, using the '''B''' key, you can assign the following eight commands: ** ''B, <Ctrl>+B, <Shift>+B, <Alt>+B, <Ctrl>+<Shift>+B, <Ctrl>+<Alt>+B, <Shift>+<Alt>+B, <Ctrl>+<Shift>+<Alt>+B'' * Wings uses context-sensitive hotkeys. Just as with context-sensitive menus, Wings only allows you access to hotkeys of tools and commands available from within the current selection mode. This means that you can re-use the same hotkey for tools or commands in different Modes. For instance '''S''' can be assigned to both '''Smooth''' in the Face menu and '''Slide''' in the Edge menu. If there is a conflict, Wings will tell you right away. * Hotkeys assigned to tools or commands found in the Menu Bar cannot be re-used. This is because the commands found in Menu Bar menus will (for the most part) work across all modes, essentially making them global hotkeys. For example, if you assign '''<Ctrl>+T''' to '''Tweak''' in the Tools Menu, you cannot re-use this hotkey because pressing '''<Ctrl>+T''' in any mode will start up '''Tweak Mode'''. * Wings does not currently allow hotkeying for right or middle mouse button options. Currently there is no built in facility for printing out a list of your hotkeys, however, you can use the Erlang Console to produce an HTML document of all your hotkeys, which can be printed. To do this, you must enter some code into the Erlang Console; instructions can be found on [http://chronosphere.home.comcast.net/tut-wings-shell.htm Scorpius's web page]. ==== Hotkey Strategies ==== Although everybody eventually comes up with their own system for hotkeys, there are some good basic strategies to get you started. The primary tools in Wings -- such as Move, Rotate, and Scale -- have five basic directions along which you can perform an operation. These are: * the three axes '''X''', '''Y''', '''Z''' * along the selection's '''Normal''' * along the plane created by the camera's point of view, called '''Free''' The primary tools Move, Rotate, and Scale also share the fact that they are available across all of the selection modes. Because of this it makes sense to use the same hotkey for Move -- say, 'M' -- in all four selection modes and use modifier keys to achieve the five basic directions. Because the basic directions X, Y, Z, Normal, and Free exist across all modes for a variety of tools, it makes sense to assign a modifier key to each direction. For example, if we decide that '''<Alt>''' represents the X direction, then "Move along X axis" would be <Alt>+M. You can then hotkey "Move along X axis" as <Alt>+M in the Vertex, Edge, Face, Body, and Light selection modes, so no matter what selection mode you are in, you can always hit <Alt>+M to move your selection along the X axis. You could then consider using <Ctrl> for the Z axis, and <Shift> for the Y axis so that no matter what tool you use, the modifier for the operation's direction is always the same. Say you decide that 'R' is for rotate. "Rotate around the Z axis" can be hotkeyed as <Shift>+R, and "rotate around the X axis" can be <Alt>+R, just like "move along Z axis" could be <Shift>+M. Once you decide what is best for you you can assign the other directions. Remember that there are eight possible combinations of any key plus its modifiers. This should be plenty to get the majority of the tools hotkeyed in a way you are going to remember them. === Other Windows === * [[/Outliner/]] * [[/Geometry Graph/]] * [[/Palette/]] * [[/UV Mapping Mode/]] * [[/Console/]] === Right-Click (Context Sensitive) Menus === [[Wings 3D/User Manual/User Interface/Context Sensitive Menus|Context Sensitive Menus]] currently has the most thorough coverage. * [[/The Primitives Menu/]] * [[/The Lights Menu/]] * [[/The Vertex Operations Menu/]] * [[/The Edge Operations Menu/]] * [[/The Face Operations Menu/]] * [[/The Object Operations Menu/]] == Resources == * [[/Plugins/]] * [[/Wings3D Links/]] * [[/Polygon Modeling Links/]] * [[/UVMapping and Texturing Links/]] * [[/Rendering Links/]] * [[/Graphic Utilities/]] * [[/Specialty Applications/]] * [[/Books/]] * [[/Tips and Tricks/]] * [[/Wings File Format/]] == Pages with misplaced information == * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/User Interface/The Title Bar|The Title Bar]] Auto-save info * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/User Interface/The Geometry Window|The Geometry Window]] Resizing windows * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/User Interface/The Dialog Boxes]] Constraints == Proposed Removals == * [[/The Objects Menu/]] * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/User Interface/The Menu Bar|The Menu Bar]] * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/User Interface/The Toolbar|The Toolbar]] * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/User Interface/The Status Bar|The Status Bar]] * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/User Interface/General Overview|General Overview]] * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/User Interface/The Dialog Boxes|The Dialog Boxes]] * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/User Interface/Hotkeys|Hotkeys]] * [[Wings 3D/User Manual/Installation|Installation]] * [[/Index/]] {{BookCat}} d1is8vxqhvcla62f0h7yo637sd8o515 0 56716 4634552 3170816 2026-05-07T08:38:52Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} Single-Entity CHAPTER => [[XML - Managing Data Exchange/A single entity|A Single Entity]] Single-Entity ANSWERS => [[XML - Managing Data Exchange/A single entity/Answers|Answers]] {{center/end}} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <b><font size=4>Class Example - Wine Store</font></b> Develop an XML Document, an XML Schema, and an XML Stylesheet that integrate information about the wine found in a wine store: wine id, winery, vintage, style, country, region, cost, price, inventory level, and description. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- '''1.''' A museum problem. :a. Create an XML schema to describe a museum entity that has the following attributes: museum name, date established, address and URL. Check that it is well-formed and valid. :b. Using the schema, create an XML document and populate it with data for two museums. Check that it is well-formed and valid. :c. Write an XML stylesheet to display the name of the museum, date established and the URL. Check that it is well-formed and valid. '''2.''' XML dataflow model. Try to build a dataflow model containing the following components and how they work together:<br/> - XSL stylesheet<br/> - XML documents<br/> - XML schema<br/> - XSL(T) Processor<br/> - different outputs '''3.''' A fraternity or sorority problem. :a. Create an XML schema to describe a fraternity or sorority that has the following attributes: name of organization, type of organization (fraternity or sorority), address, URL. Check that it is well formed and valid. :b. Using the schema, create an XML document and populate it with data for two organizations. Check that it is well-formed and valid. :c. Write an XML stylesheet to display the name of the organization, type of organization, address and the URL. Check that it is well-formed and valid. '''4.'''Concept to XML. Using the output below, design an XML Document, XML Schema, and XML Stylesheet that will produce such a display. {|border=1 cellpadding=5 !Actor !Information |- |Brad Pitt || 18 December 1963 <br> Shawnee, Oklahoma |- |Julia Roberts || 28 October 1967 <br> Smyrna, Georgia |- |George Clooney || 6 May 1961 <br> Lexington, Kentucky |- |Renée Zellweger || 25 April 1969 <br> Katy, Texas |- |Johnny Depp || 9 June 1963 <br> Owensboro, Kentucky, USA |- |Jennifer Aniston || 11 February 1969 <br> Sherman Oaks, California |- |Samuel L. Jackson || 21 December 1948 <br> Washington, District of Columbia |- |Nicole Kidman || 20 June 1967 <br> Honolulu, Hawaii |} {{center/top}} Single-Entity CHAPTER => [[XML - Managing Data Exchange/A single entity|A Single Entity]] Single-Entity ANSWERS => [[XML - Managing Data Exchange/A single entity/Answers|Answers]] {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} 28letn35d62uujk8a3xhlj0p3mdlniw 0 56717 4634553 4410975 2026-05-07T08:39:21Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634553 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} Single-Entity CHAPTER => [[XML - Managing Data Exchange/A single entity|A Single Entity]] Single-Entity EXERCISES => [[XML - Managing Data Exchange/A single entity/Exercises|Exercises]] {{center/end}} =Class Example - Wine Store= ==XML Document== {|border=3 cellpadding=10 | <wineStore <nowiki>xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance'</nowiki> xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation='wine.xsd'> <wine> <wineID>1</wineID> <winery>Ravenswood</winery> <style>Zinfandel</style> <vintage>2003</vintage> <country>United States</country> <region>Sonoma County, California</region> <cost currency='USdollars'>12.50</cost> <price currency='USdollars'>20.75</price> <inventory>35</inventory> <description>This 2003 Zinfandel has huge, jammy, inky, slightly porty aromas infused with black pepper, vanilla and hints of tar, smoke and coffee blend. A very broad, intense wine with huge fruit, lots of those luscious Dry Creek bing cherry and sweet plum characters.</description> </wine> <wine> <wineID>2</wineID> <winery>Yalumba</winery> <style>Shiraz</style> <vintage>2001</vintage> <country>Australia</country> <region>Barossa Valley</region> <cost currency='USdollars'>8.00</cost> <price currency='USdollars'>15.95</price> <inventory>17</inventory> <description>The palate reveals velvety, ripe fine-grained tannins, harmonising well with the oak and seductively spicy fruit. The finish is rich and long, with cinnamon, cloves and brambly wild fruit note.</description> </wine> <wine> <wineID>3</wineID> <winery>Matariki</winery> <style>Sauvignon Blanc</style> <vintage>2004</vintage> <country>New Zealand</country> <region>Hawkes Bay</region> <cost currency='USdollars'>7.50</cost> <price currency='USdollars'>16.95</price> <inventory>22</inventory> <description>This wine shows ripe passionfruit and delicate tropical fruit aromas and hints of gooseberry. Delicious fresh wine with a lovely balance of acid and fruit sweetness. The finish is lively and lingering.</description> </wine> <wine> <wineID>4</wineID> <winery>Fonseca</winery> <style>Port</style> <vintage>2003</vintage> <country>Portugal</country> <region>Douro River</region> <cost currency='USdollars'>70.00</cost> <price currency='USdollars'>100.00</price> <inventory>12</inventory> <description>Ripe fruit, with chocolate, blackberries and raisins. Full-bodied and medium sweet, with velvety tannins. Finish goes on and on. Layered and wonderful.</description> </wine> <wine> <wineID>5</wineID> <winery>Louis Jadot</winery> <style>Pinot Noir</style> <vintage>1999</vintage> <country>France</country> <region>Burgandy</region> <cost currency='USdollars'>37.50</cost> <price currency='USdollars'>65.00</price> <inventory>6</inventory> <description>Concentrated aromas of ripe black berry and dark cherry fruit are offset by suggestions of violet, minerals and tobacco in this ripe, velvety wine, and carry into a long, silky finish underscored by firm tannins</description> </wine> </wineStore> |} ==XML Schema== name the schema file '''wine.xsd''' {|border=3 cellpadding=10 | <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="unqualified"> <xsd:element name="wineStore"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="wine" type="wineDescription" minOccurs = "1" maxOccurs="unbounded" /> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <xsd:complexType name="wineDescription"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="wineID" type="xsd:integer" /> <xsd:element name="winery" type="xsd:string" /> <xsd:element name="style" type="xsd:string" /> <xsd:element name="vintage" type="xsd:integer" /> <xsd:element name="country" type="xsd:string" /> <xsd:element name="region" type="xsd:string" /> <xsd:element name="cost" type="xsd:decimal"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:attribute name="currency" type="xsd:string" /> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <xsd:element name="price" type="xsd:decimal"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:attribute name="currency" type="xsd:string" /> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <xsd:element name="price" type="xsd:decimal" /> <xsd:element name="inventory" type="xsd:integer" /> <xsd:element name="description" type="xsd:string" /> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:schema> |} ==XML Stylesheet== {|border=3 cellpadding=10 |<pre> <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> <xsl:output method="html"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <head> <title>WINE STORE</title> </head> <body bgcolor="#4B0082"> <br /><center><H1><font face="algerian" color="#FFDAB9">WINE STORE</font></H1></center><br /> <xsl:apply-templates select="wineStore" /> </body> </html> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="wineStore"> <xsl:for-each select="wine"> <center> <table bgcolor="#F08080" border="3" cellpadding="5" width="715px"> <tr> <td width="100px" align="center"><font size="7"><xsl:value-of select="wineID" /></font></td> <td width="350px"><font size="6"><xsl:value-of select="winery" /></font><br /><br /> <font size="4"><xsl:value-of select="country" /> <br /> <xsl:value-of select="region" /></font></td> <td width="65px"><font size="6"><xsl:value-of select="vintage" /></font></td> <td width="200px"><font size="6"><xsl:value-of select="style" /></font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><font size="5"><xsl:text>Cost:</xsl:text><br /> <xsl:text>$ </xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="cost" /></font></td> <td colspan="3" rowspan="2"><xsl:value-of select="description" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><font size="5"><xsl:text>Price:</xsl:text><br /> <xsl:text>$ </xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="price" /></font></td> </tr> </table> </center> <br /><br /> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> </pre> |} =Exercise 1= # A museum problem * a. Create an XML schema to describe a museum entity that has the following attributes: museum name, date established, address and URL. Check that it is well-formed and valid. * b. Using the schema, create an XML document and populate it with data for two museums. Check that it is well-formed and valid. * c. Write an XML stylesheet to display the name of the museum, date established and the URL. Check that it is well-formed and valid. * d. Write a Java program to parse the XML document and list each museum and its address. <b>Answer=</b> 1a. Submitted by Madeleine on February 3, 2004, 5:48 PM <br/> ==XML Schema == <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"> <tr> <td><pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="unqualified"> <!-- Directory --> <xsd:element name="directory"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="museum" type="museumDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded" /> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <!-- Museum --> <xsd:complexType name="museumDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="museumName" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="dateEstablished" type="xsd:date"/> <xsd:element name="address1" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="address2" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="city" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="adminUnit" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="country" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="postalCode" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="museumURL" type="xsd:anyURI"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:schema> </nowiki></pre> </td></tr></table> <br /> 1b. Submitted by Madeleine on February 3, 2004, 5:48 PM <br/> == XML Document == <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"> <tr> <td> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <directory xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation='museum.xsd'> <museum> <museumName>National Museum of Natural History</museumName> <dateEstablished>1910-01-01</dateEstablished> <address1>10th Street and Constitution Avenue, NW</address1> <address2>Smithsonian Institute</address2> <city>Washington</city> <adminUnit>District of Columbia</adminUnit> <country>USA</country> <postalCode>20560</postalCode> <museumURL>http://www.mnh.si.edu/</museumURL> </museum> <museum> <museumName>Corcoran Gallery of Art</museumName> <dateEstablished>1897-01-01</dateEstablished> <address1>500 17th Street, NW</address1> <address2/> <city>Washington</city> <adminUnit>District of Columbia</adminUnit> <country>USA</country> <postalCode>20006</postalCode> <museumURL>http://www.corcoran.org/</museumURL> </museum> </directory> </nowiki></pre> </td></tr></table> <br /> 1c. Submitted by Madeleine on February 3, 2004, 5:48 PM <br/> ==XML Stylesheet== <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"> <tr> <td> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:output method="html"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <head> <title>museum_ch2.xsl</title> </head> <body style="font-family: Arial;"> <h2>Museum Directory</h2> <xsl:apply-templates select="directory"/> </body> </html> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="directory"> <xsl:for-each select="museum"> <xsl:text>Name: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="museumName"/> <br/> <xsl:text>Established: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="dateEstablished"/> <br/> <xsl:text>URL: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="museumURL"/> <br/> <br/> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> </nowiki></pre> </td></tr></table> <br> <br> = Exercise 2= Solution to Nr. 2: [[Image:Dataflow.png]] <br> <br> =Exercise 3= Submitted by Chris Collins on March 28, 2005 ==XML Schema== --Exercise 3a.-- <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"> <tr> <td><pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="unqualified"> <!-- Directory --> <xsd:element name="directory"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="fraternity" type="fraternityDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded" /> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <!-- Fraternity --> <xsd:complexType name="fraternityDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="fratName" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="chapterName" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="dateEstablished" type="xsd:integer"/> <xsd:element name="fratPresident" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="numOfMembers" type="xsd:integer"/> <xsd:element name="address1" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="city" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="state" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="country" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="postalCode" type="xsd:string"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:schema> </nowiki></pre> </td></tr></table> <br> ==XML Document== --Exercise 3b.-- <br/> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"> <tr> <td><pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <directory xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation='Fraternity.xsd'> <fraternity> <fratName>Lambda Chi Alpha</fratName> <chapterName>Eta Pi</chapterName> <dateEstablished>1910</dateEstablished> <fratPresident>Robert Langford</fratPresident> <numOfMembers>86</numOfMembers> <address1>1760 College Ave.</address1> <city>Atlanta</city> <state>Ga</state> <country>USA</country> <postalCode>30303</postalCode> </fraternity> <fraternity> <fratName>Sigma Phi</fratName> <chapterName>Alpha Omega</chapterName> <dateEstablished>1892</dateEstablished> <fratPresident>James Vanderbilt</fratPresident> <numOfMembers>124</numOfMembers> <address1>1871 Towne Place Dr.</address1> <city>Austin</city> <state>TX</state> <country>USA</country> <postalCode>78767</postalCode> </fraternity> </directory> </nowiki></pre> </td></tr></table> <br> ==XML Stylesheet== --Exercise 3c.-- <br/> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"> <tr> <td><pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:output method="html"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <head> <title>fraternity.xsl</title> </head> <body style="font-family: Arial;"> <h2>Fraternity Directory</h2> <xsl:apply-templates select="directory"/> </body> </html> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="directory"> <xsl:for-each select="fraternity"> <xsl:text>Name: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="fratName"/> <br/> <xsl:text>Established: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="dateEstablished"/> <br/> <xsl:text>Chapter: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="chapterName"/> <br/> <xsl:text>Membership: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="numOfMembers"/> <br/> <xsl:text>President: </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="fratPresident"/> <br/> <br/> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> </nowiki></pre> </td></tr></table> {{center/top}} Single-Entity CHAPTER => [[XML - Managing Data Exchange/A single entity|A Single Entity]] Single-Entity EXERCISES => [[XML - Managing Data Exchange/A single entity/Exercises|Exercises]] {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} 4j7hprrztche984p6ow5z6ffegkkc3v 0 56721 4634565 3678197 2026-05-07T08:45:30Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634565 wikitext text/x-wiki '''NetBeans''' =Using an XML Editor: NetBeans : Single - Entity= {{center|1=Return to the Single Entity Chapter => [[../A single entity/]}} ===XML document:=== #Go to File -> New File -> XML -> XML Document. #Save your file as ‘city’ #Select XML Schema-Constrained Document as the document type. #Next, specify your schema location (Go to Browse, then select the schema just created) and root element name (tourGuide). #Copy and paste the above code into the NetBeans editor and save. #Check the XML document to make sure it is well-formed (ALT-F9). To validate an XML document: #Right-click the document's node and choose Validate XML. If the XML file, city.xml, conforms to the XML schema provided, city.xsd, your Output Window should look like the following: [[Image:WellForm.JPG|Output Window - Validity check]] Open this file, city.xml, in NetBeans. <table width="100%" border="1" bgcolor="ffffff"> <tr> <td><b> '''Summary: Being a file which contains XML code and syntax, the XML document is an entity of neatly organized elements and subelements.''' </b></td> </tr> </table> ==== Netbeans Tips ==== The prefix "xsi" for attribute "xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation" associated with an element type "Listing" is not bound. -Caused because line "xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance'" is missing from the top of the document. cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'Listing'. -Caused due to lack of extension(.xsd) at the end of the schema name. cvc-complex-type.2.4.a: Invalid content was found starting with element 'MuseumName'. One of '{"":Museum}' is expected. [5] -Caused due to lack of naming at the beginning and end of the variable naming section. The element type "MuseumName" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</MuseumName>". -Could be caused by a missing "/" in the end tag of one of the variables ===XML Schema=== Any XML document, including XML schema and XML stylesheet documents, can be checked to make sure they are “well-formed”. An XML document is said to be well-formed if it adheres to the XML syntax rules, as outlined in the Chapter 1, such as there must be exactly one root element, every start tag must have an end tag. The well-formedness of an XML documents can be checked using an XML editor software, in this case, the NetBeans. If any errors are detected, they are listed along with the line number in the Output window. This location is not necessarily the line where the error occurred. By double-clicking on any error message, you can go to the line in the XML document where the error was detected. Use NetBeans to create a new project: #Go to File -> New Project Use NetBeans to create the above XML schema: #Go to File -> New File -> XML -> XML Schema. #Save your file as ‘city’ (this gives the file an extension of .xsd). #Copy and Paste the above schema into city.xsd and save To check an XML document to see if it is well-formed: #Right-click the document's node (under files, city.xsd) and choose Check XML schema or press Alt-F9. If the XML schema, city.xsd, is well-formed, your Output Window should look like this: [[Image:WellForm.JPG|Well Form XML Document]] <table width="100%" border="1" bgcolor="ffffff"> <tr> <td><b> '''Summary: The XML schema shows the structure and elements of an XML document.''' </b></td> </tr> </table> ==== ''' Netbeans Tips ''' ==== Element type "xsd:element" must be followed by either attribute specifications, ">" or "/>". -Caused by lack of ">" or "/>" symbol at the end of either the specified line or the line there after. The value of attribute "name" associated with an element type "xsd:complexType" must not contain the '<' character. -Often caused by lack of closing quotation around the variable name on either the specified line or the line there after. src-resolve.4.2: Error resolving component 'xsd:strin'... -Caused by invalid "type", most likely misspelled. Can be for any "type", not just "string." The element type "xsd:sequence" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</xsd:sequence>". -Caused because </xsd:sequence> is not found in order to close the statement. -Also caused because the closing statements are out of order as they at the beginning of the Schema. ===XML Stylesheet=== Use NetBeans to create the above XML stylesheet: #Go to File -> New File -> XML -> XSL Stylesheet #Save your file as ‘city’ #Copy and paste the above code into the NetBeans editor and save. #Check the stylesheet to make sure it is well-formed (ALT-F9). Note: The city example files (city.xsd, city.xml and city.xsl) can be created using a text editor, and the results are displayed correctly in a compatible web browser such as Mozilla 1.6. You will need to store all of the files in the same directory and insert the following line after line 1 of city.xml: <syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml-stylesheet href="city.xsl" type="text/xsl"?></syntaxhighlight> This associates the XSL Stylesheet with the XML file containing the city data. Also, If you are using Netbeans, be sure to take off the xmlns line in the beginning which looks like xmlns='http://xml.netbeans.org/examples/targetNS', otherwise it will not display all data. ==== ''' Netbeans Tips ''' ==== The element type "xsl:text" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</xsl:text>". -Caused by either lack of end-tag or misspelling of the end- tag. The element type "xsl:for-each" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</xsl:for-each>". -Caused due to either lack of end-tag for the specified tag or end-tags placed in the wrong order. {{BookCat}} oqzwhlp3qsj78ora0sjg9d0kw2eix0q 4634566 4634565 2026-05-07T08:46:11Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 /* Using an XML Editor: NetBeans : Single - Entity */ 4634566 wikitext text/x-wiki '''NetBeans''' =Using an XML Editor: NetBeans : Single - Entity= {{center/top}} Return to the Single Entity Chapter => [[../A single entity/] {{center/end}} ===XML document:=== #Go to File -> New File -> XML -> XML Document. #Save your file as ‘city’ #Select XML Schema-Constrained Document as the document type. #Next, specify your schema location (Go to Browse, then select the schema just created) and root element name (tourGuide). #Copy and paste the above code into the NetBeans editor and save. #Check the XML document to make sure it is well-formed (ALT-F9). To validate an XML document: #Right-click the document's node and choose Validate XML. If the XML file, city.xml, conforms to the XML schema provided, city.xsd, your Output Window should look like the following: [[Image:WellForm.JPG|Output Window - Validity check]] Open this file, city.xml, in NetBeans. <table width="100%" border="1" bgcolor="ffffff"> <tr> <td><b> '''Summary: Being a file which contains XML code and syntax, the XML document is an entity of neatly organized elements and subelements.''' </b></td> </tr> </table> ==== Netbeans Tips ==== The prefix "xsi" for attribute "xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation" associated with an element type "Listing" is not bound. -Caused because line "xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance'" is missing from the top of the document. cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'Listing'. -Caused due to lack of extension(.xsd) at the end of the schema name. cvc-complex-type.2.4.a: Invalid content was found starting with element 'MuseumName'. One of '{"":Museum}' is expected. [5] -Caused due to lack of naming at the beginning and end of the variable naming section. The element type "MuseumName" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</MuseumName>". -Could be caused by a missing "/" in the end tag of one of the variables ===XML Schema=== Any XML document, including XML schema and XML stylesheet documents, can be checked to make sure they are “well-formed”. An XML document is said to be well-formed if it adheres to the XML syntax rules, as outlined in the Chapter 1, such as there must be exactly one root element, every start tag must have an end tag. The well-formedness of an XML documents can be checked using an XML editor software, in this case, the NetBeans. If any errors are detected, they are listed along with the line number in the Output window. This location is not necessarily the line where the error occurred. By double-clicking on any error message, you can go to the line in the XML document where the error was detected. Use NetBeans to create a new project: #Go to File -> New Project Use NetBeans to create the above XML schema: #Go to File -> New File -> XML -> XML Schema. #Save your file as ‘city’ (this gives the file an extension of .xsd). #Copy and Paste the above schema into city.xsd and save To check an XML document to see if it is well-formed: #Right-click the document's node (under files, city.xsd) and choose Check XML schema or press Alt-F9. If the XML schema, city.xsd, is well-formed, your Output Window should look like this: [[Image:WellForm.JPG|Well Form XML Document]] <table width="100%" border="1" bgcolor="ffffff"> <tr> <td><b> '''Summary: The XML schema shows the structure and elements of an XML document.''' </b></td> </tr> </table> ==== ''' Netbeans Tips ''' ==== Element type "xsd:element" must be followed by either attribute specifications, ">" or "/>". -Caused by lack of ">" or "/>" symbol at the end of either the specified line or the line there after. The value of attribute "name" associated with an element type "xsd:complexType" must not contain the '<' character. -Often caused by lack of closing quotation around the variable name on either the specified line or the line there after. src-resolve.4.2: Error resolving component 'xsd:strin'... -Caused by invalid "type", most likely misspelled. Can be for any "type", not just "string." The element type "xsd:sequence" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</xsd:sequence>". -Caused because </xsd:sequence> is not found in order to close the statement. -Also caused because the closing statements are out of order as they at the beginning of the Schema. ===XML Stylesheet=== Use NetBeans to create the above XML stylesheet: #Go to File -> New File -> XML -> XSL Stylesheet #Save your file as ‘city’ #Copy and paste the above code into the NetBeans editor and save. #Check the stylesheet to make sure it is well-formed (ALT-F9). Note: The city example files (city.xsd, city.xml and city.xsl) can be created using a text editor, and the results are displayed correctly in a compatible web browser such as Mozilla 1.6. You will need to store all of the files in the same directory and insert the following line after line 1 of city.xml: <syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml-stylesheet href="city.xsl" type="text/xsl"?></syntaxhighlight> This associates the XSL Stylesheet with the XML file containing the city data. Also, If you are using Netbeans, be sure to take off the xmlns line in the beginning which looks like xmlns='http://xml.netbeans.org/examples/targetNS', otherwise it will not display all data. ==== ''' Netbeans Tips ''' ==== The element type "xsl:text" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</xsl:text>". -Caused by either lack of end-tag or misspelling of the end- tag. The element type "xsl:for-each" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</xsl:for-each>". -Caused due to either lack of end-tag for the specified tag or end-tags placed in the wrong order. {{BookCat}} 9jeeykd7jctv1sjeoajz23l9key9lug 4634567 4634566 2026-05-07T08:46:24Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 /* Using an XML Editor: NetBeans : Single - Entity */ 4634567 wikitext text/x-wiki '''NetBeans''' =Using an XML Editor: NetBeans : Single - Entity= {{center/top}} Return to the Single Entity Chapter => [[../A single entity/]] {{center/end}} ===XML document:=== #Go to File -> New File -> XML -> XML Document. #Save your file as ‘city’ #Select XML Schema-Constrained Document as the document type. #Next, specify your schema location (Go to Browse, then select the schema just created) and root element name (tourGuide). #Copy and paste the above code into the NetBeans editor and save. #Check the XML document to make sure it is well-formed (ALT-F9). To validate an XML document: #Right-click the document's node and choose Validate XML. If the XML file, city.xml, conforms to the XML schema provided, city.xsd, your Output Window should look like the following: [[Image:WellForm.JPG|Output Window - Validity check]] Open this file, city.xml, in NetBeans. <table width="100%" border="1" bgcolor="ffffff"> <tr> <td><b> '''Summary: Being a file which contains XML code and syntax, the XML document is an entity of neatly organized elements and subelements.''' </b></td> </tr> </table> ==== Netbeans Tips ==== The prefix "xsi" for attribute "xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation" associated with an element type "Listing" is not bound. -Caused because line "xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance'" is missing from the top of the document. cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'Listing'. -Caused due to lack of extension(.xsd) at the end of the schema name. cvc-complex-type.2.4.a: Invalid content was found starting with element 'MuseumName'. One of '{"":Museum}' is expected. [5] -Caused due to lack of naming at the beginning and end of the variable naming section. The element type "MuseumName" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</MuseumName>". -Could be caused by a missing "/" in the end tag of one of the variables ===XML Schema=== Any XML document, including XML schema and XML stylesheet documents, can be checked to make sure they are “well-formed”. An XML document is said to be well-formed if it adheres to the XML syntax rules, as outlined in the Chapter 1, such as there must be exactly one root element, every start tag must have an end tag. The well-formedness of an XML documents can be checked using an XML editor software, in this case, the NetBeans. If any errors are detected, they are listed along with the line number in the Output window. This location is not necessarily the line where the error occurred. By double-clicking on any error message, you can go to the line in the XML document where the error was detected. Use NetBeans to create a new project: #Go to File -> New Project Use NetBeans to create the above XML schema: #Go to File -> New File -> XML -> XML Schema. #Save your file as ‘city’ (this gives the file an extension of .xsd). #Copy and Paste the above schema into city.xsd and save To check an XML document to see if it is well-formed: #Right-click the document's node (under files, city.xsd) and choose Check XML schema or press Alt-F9. If the XML schema, city.xsd, is well-formed, your Output Window should look like this: [[Image:WellForm.JPG|Well Form XML Document]] <table width="100%" border="1" bgcolor="ffffff"> <tr> <td><b> '''Summary: The XML schema shows the structure and elements of an XML document.''' </b></td> </tr> </table> ==== ''' Netbeans Tips ''' ==== Element type "xsd:element" must be followed by either attribute specifications, ">" or "/>". -Caused by lack of ">" or "/>" symbol at the end of either the specified line or the line there after. The value of attribute "name" associated with an element type "xsd:complexType" must not contain the '<' character. -Often caused by lack of closing quotation around the variable name on either the specified line or the line there after. src-resolve.4.2: Error resolving component 'xsd:strin'... -Caused by invalid "type", most likely misspelled. Can be for any "type", not just "string." The element type "xsd:sequence" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</xsd:sequence>". -Caused because </xsd:sequence> is not found in order to close the statement. -Also caused because the closing statements are out of order as they at the beginning of the Schema. ===XML Stylesheet=== Use NetBeans to create the above XML stylesheet: #Go to File -> New File -> XML -> XSL Stylesheet #Save your file as ‘city’ #Copy and paste the above code into the NetBeans editor and save. #Check the stylesheet to make sure it is well-formed (ALT-F9). Note: The city example files (city.xsd, city.xml and city.xsl) can be created using a text editor, and the results are displayed correctly in a compatible web browser such as Mozilla 1.6. You will need to store all of the files in the same directory and insert the following line after line 1 of city.xml: <syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml-stylesheet href="city.xsl" type="text/xsl"?></syntaxhighlight> This associates the XSL Stylesheet with the XML file containing the city data. Also, If you are using Netbeans, be sure to take off the xmlns line in the beginning which looks like xmlns='http://xml.netbeans.org/examples/targetNS', otherwise it will not display all data. ==== ''' Netbeans Tips ''' ==== The element type "xsl:text" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</xsl:text>". -Caused by either lack of end-tag or misspelling of the end- tag. The element type "xsl:for-each" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</xsl:for-each>". -Caused due to either lack of end-tag for the specified tag or end-tags placed in the wrong order. {{BookCat}} f9vyg1bdtdm9f03xnngtc90qkkmpojq 1 56869 4634575 735763 2026-05-07T08:49:48Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634575 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}}<font size=5 color=purple><b>Editorial Board Communications</b></font> ((please, start with your name and date - then finish with a long series of (-) this will delineate entries)) {{center/end}} ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Viji (1/16/06) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Subject: Editorial Board: meeting notes (add to this things I forgot and left out) <b>Presentation of Editorial Board guidelines, monday 1/23</b> - Dr. Watson: * history of XML wikibook * future of XML wikibook * XML books he has that can be borrowed - Viji: * schedule [actual due dates for chapter revisions; planning begins one month ahead; use of discussion tab in documenting revision recommendations; order and timeline of revision list (student, board, Dr. Watson); content due on given date; further revision may be recommended by board] * concept capsules and breathing room [analyze content - break down into component pieces; leave whitespace for room to breath and digest] * contact the board [author guidelines link; editorial board will periodically make announcements in class - then add the info to the author guidlines page] - Moussa: * code examples [uniform color (black); keep comments in code; leave space above and below comments; copy and paste into editor to see differences - mention this in the first few chapters; keep all example code on the same topic - tourGuide] * NetBeans [remove from chapter => go to 'XML Editor' page (see contents table) => create link for your chapter => insert netbeans info]; put a link in chapter to the page that has that chapter's netbeans contents - at the spot(s) that there were netbeans contents; currently no need to edit this - may edit in future] - Christina: * references and citations [no plagarism; citation page in appendix (chapter name - citations)] * wiki how to [help link on left navigation bar; sandbox for experimenting; author guidelines] * layout [learning objectives / sponsor banner; <b>bold</b> new words and jargon; exercises and answers links and pages (remove the link in the table of contents once you are done); use wiki format (ex: table) info in help page; make edit mode of page easy to follow so future edits are smooth] <b>other</b> * list and document ideas for book restructuring (see entry below) * divide contents page into parts - organize the appendix, nice presentation (viji) * create cover page - nice presentation - include sponsor(currently UGA, Terry, MIS) (Christina, Moussa) * look for ways of decoupling (XML editor/NetBeans page) * document agreement to manage expectations ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Viji (1/16/06) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Subject: Topical Links As you think of topical suggestions please submit here => * [[XML: Managing Data Exchange/Restructuring Plans|Restructuring Plans]] * [[XML: Managing Data Exchange/Contents Page|Contents Page]] demos feel free to make links to topics that we each may want to contribute to or have samples to show each other and Dr. Watson. We can have all those contributions in one place under one topic heading --- be sure to always link from this Editorial Board communications page entry. Thank You ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 96en2h5n0ilg39wj2x9arxqo158xms5 0 58446 4634555 3269261 2026-05-07T08:40:22Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634555 wikitext text/x-wiki == XML Style Sheet == Similar to the layout we visited in chapter 3, this style sheet lists each hotel in the XML document by country. But this time some new features have been added. Price range elements have been included, each hotel’s amenities are now listed, and the population of each country has been formatted to improve readability. === XSLT Functions === When formatting XML output, there may be times when you might want to massage the data or get certain values for display. Placed within the XML style sheet, functions can be used to manipulate data during the transformation. We saw an example of this in chapter 3 when displaying the number of hotels within a city. {{center|'''<xsl:value-of select="count(hotel)" />'''}} In order to make the population a little easier to read in our style sheet, we need to separate the digits into groups of threes and add commas. To do this we use the format-number( ) function. The purpose of this function is to convert a numeric value into a string using specified patterns that control the number of leading zeroes, separator between thousands, etc. The basic syntax of this function is as follows: {{center|'''format-number (number, pattern)'''}} * number is the numeric value to be formatted * pattern is a string that lays out the general representation of a number. Each character in the string represents either a digit from number or some special punctuation such as a comma or minus sign. In order to display <population> with the digits grouped by three’s using commas as the separator, the format-number function was used in line {51} of our XML style sheet. The following are the characters and their meanings used to represent the number format when using the format-number function within a style sheet: <table cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0" border="1" style="font-size:small; width:50%" align="center"> <tr><td width="10%"> <strong> Symbol </strong></td><td><strong> Meaning </strong> </td></tr> <tr><td valign="top"> &nbsp;&nbsp;0 <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;# <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;. <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;, <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;; <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;- <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;% <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;X <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;‘ </td> <td valign="top"> A digit.<br> A digit, zero shows as absent.<br> (period) Placeholder for decimal separator.<br> Placeholder for grouping separator.<br> Separate formats.<br> Default prefix for negative.<br> Multiply by 100 and show as a percentage.<br> Any other characters can be used in the prefix or suffix.<br> Used to quote special characters in a prefix or suffix. </td></tr></table> There are numerous other functions that you may find use for within a style sheet. The following are some additional numeric based functions that are useful when handling numbers within a stylesheet. <table cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0" border="1" style="font-size:small; width:50%" align="center"> <tr> <td width="28%"><strong> Name </strong></td> <td><strong> Description </strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td>ceiling() </td> <td>Returns the smallest integer that is not less than the number argument </td> </tr> <tr> <td>floor() </td> <td>Returns the largest integer that is not greater than the number argument </td> </tr> <tr> <td>number() </td> <td>Converts the value argument to a number </td> </tr> <tr> <td>round() </td> <td>Rounds the number argument to the nearest integer </td> </tr> <tr> <td>sum() </td> <td>Returns the total value of a set of numeric values in a node-set </td> </tr> </table> <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:output method="html"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>World Renowned Hotels</TITLE> <STYLE TYPE="text/css"> H2 {TEXT-ALIGN:CENTER;} .blueBackground {BACKGROUND-COLOR:LIGHTBLUE; COLOR:BLACK; TEXT-ALIGN:LEFT; BORDER-WIDTH:0px; WIDTH:90%;} .blackBackground {BACKGROUND-COLOR:BLACK; TEXT-ALIGN:LEFT; COLOR:WHITE; FONT-SIZE:12pt; BORDER-WIDTH:2px;} </STYLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <H2>* * * Hotels Listings by Country * * *</H2> <xsl:apply-templates select="tourGuide"/> </BODY> </HTML> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="tourGuide"> <xsl:for-each select="city"> <TABLE CLASS="blackBackground"> <TR> <TD> <BR/> <TABLE style="width:90%; color:white;" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>City: </xsl:text> </b> </TD> <TD> <BR/> <xsl:value-of select="cityName"/> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD> <b> <xsl:text>History: </xsl:text> </b> </TD> <TD> <xsl:value-of select="history"/> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Country: </xsl:text> </b> </TD> <TD> <BR/> <xsl:value-of select="country"/> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD> <b> <xsl:text>Population: </xsl:text> </b> <BR/> <BR/> </TD> <TD> <xsl:value-of select="format-number(population, '#,###,##0')"/> <BR/> <BR/> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD colspan="2"> <center> <font style="font-size:medium">Hotels:</font> <br/> <xsl:for-each select="hotel"> <TABLE CLASS="blueBackground"> <TR> <TD STYLE="FONT-SIZE:8pt;width:20%;"> <IMG> <xsl:attribute name="SRC"> <xsl:value-of select="hotelPicture/@filename"/> </xsl:attribute> <xsl:attribute name="WIDTH"> <xsl:value-of select="hotelPicture/@size"/> </xsl:attribute> <xsl:attribute name="HEIGHT"> <xsl:value-of select="hotelPicture/@size"/> </xsl:attribute> <xsl:attribute name="ALT"> <xsl:value-of select="hotelPicture/@value"/> </xsl:attribute> </IMG> <BR/> </TD> <TD align="left" style="FONT-SIZE:10pt;"> <HR width="90%"/> <b> <xsl:text>Hotel Name: </xsl:text> </b> <xsl:value-of select="hotelName"/> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Street Address: </xsl:text> </b> <xsl:value-of select="streetAddress"/> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Telephone Number: </xsl:text> </b> <xsl:value-of select="telephoneNumber"/> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Email Address: </xsl:text> </b> <xsl:value-of select="emailAddress"/> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Price Range: $</xsl:text> </b> <xsl:value-of select="lowerPrice"/> - <xsl:value-of select="upperPrice"/> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Hotel Rating: </xsl:text> </b> <xsl:value-of select="hotelRating"/> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Amenities: </xsl:text> </b> <xsl:for-each select="amenities"> <xsl:value-of select="amenity"/> <xsl:if test="position() &amp;lt; last()"> <xsl:text>, </xsl:text> </xsl:if> </xsl:for-each> <HR width="90%"/> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR/> </xsl:for-each> </center> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> </nowiki> </pre> </blockquote> '''Figure 5-5 XML stylesheet – amenity.xsl''' In the XML stylesheet, you will see two additional functions '''position()''' and '''last()'''. The position function returns the position of the current context node in the current context node-set. The last function returns the index number of the last node in the context. To list each amenity for each hotel, the transformation checks to see if the current position of the node is different than the position of the last context node in the set. If this returns true, then a comma is added as the amenities are listed. Although this stylesheet builds upon the one we saw in chapter 3, notice the use of embedded tables to further specify the layout of the data being conveyed. Values and their indicators have been separated into table cells, allowing for a cleaner look and feel. {{BookCat}} cz24xqiv1y8smw6t5s3zqyfirommyjy 4634556 4634555 2026-05-07T08:40:34Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 /* XSLT Functions */ 4634556 wikitext text/x-wiki == XML Style Sheet == Similar to the layout we visited in chapter 3, this style sheet lists each hotel in the XML document by country. But this time some new features have been added. Price range elements have been included, each hotel’s amenities are now listed, and the population of each country has been formatted to improve readability. === XSLT Functions === When formatting XML output, there may be times when you might want to massage the data or get certain values for display. Placed within the XML style sheet, functions can be used to manipulate data during the transformation. We saw an example of this in chapter 3 when displaying the number of hotels within a city. {{center|1='''<xsl:value-of select="count(hotel)" />'''}} In order to make the population a little easier to read in our style sheet, we need to separate the digits into groups of threes and add commas. To do this we use the format-number( ) function. The purpose of this function is to convert a numeric value into a string using specified patterns that control the number of leading zeroes, separator between thousands, etc. The basic syntax of this function is as follows: {{center|'''format-number (number, pattern)'''}} * number is the numeric value to be formatted * pattern is a string that lays out the general representation of a number. Each character in the string represents either a digit from number or some special punctuation such as a comma or minus sign. In order to display <population> with the digits grouped by three’s using commas as the separator, the format-number function was used in line {51} of our XML style sheet. The following are the characters and their meanings used to represent the number format when using the format-number function within a style sheet: <table cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0" border="1" style="font-size:small; width:50%" align="center"> <tr><td width="10%"> <strong> Symbol </strong></td><td><strong> Meaning </strong> </td></tr> <tr><td valign="top"> &nbsp;&nbsp;0 <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;# <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;. <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;, <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;; <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;- <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;% <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;X <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;‘ </td> <td valign="top"> A digit.<br> A digit, zero shows as absent.<br> (period) Placeholder for decimal separator.<br> Placeholder for grouping separator.<br> Separate formats.<br> Default prefix for negative.<br> Multiply by 100 and show as a percentage.<br> Any other characters can be used in the prefix or suffix.<br> Used to quote special characters in a prefix or suffix. </td></tr></table> There are numerous other functions that you may find use for within a style sheet. The following are some additional numeric based functions that are useful when handling numbers within a stylesheet. <table cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0" border="1" style="font-size:small; width:50%" align="center"> <tr> <td width="28%"><strong> Name </strong></td> <td><strong> Description </strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td>ceiling() </td> <td>Returns the smallest integer that is not less than the number argument </td> </tr> <tr> <td>floor() </td> <td>Returns the largest integer that is not greater than the number argument </td> </tr> <tr> <td>number() </td> <td>Converts the value argument to a number </td> </tr> <tr> <td>round() </td> <td>Rounds the number argument to the nearest integer </td> </tr> <tr> <td>sum() </td> <td>Returns the total value of a set of numeric values in a node-set </td> </tr> </table> <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:output method="html"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>World Renowned Hotels</TITLE> <STYLE TYPE="text/css"> H2 {TEXT-ALIGN:CENTER;} .blueBackground {BACKGROUND-COLOR:LIGHTBLUE; COLOR:BLACK; TEXT-ALIGN:LEFT; BORDER-WIDTH:0px; WIDTH:90%;} .blackBackground {BACKGROUND-COLOR:BLACK; TEXT-ALIGN:LEFT; COLOR:WHITE; FONT-SIZE:12pt; BORDER-WIDTH:2px;} </STYLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <H2>* * * Hotels Listings by Country * * *</H2> <xsl:apply-templates select="tourGuide"/> </BODY> </HTML> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="tourGuide"> <xsl:for-each select="city"> <TABLE CLASS="blackBackground"> <TR> <TD> <BR/> <TABLE style="width:90%; color:white;" align="center"> <TR> <TD> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>City: </xsl:text> </b> </TD> <TD> <BR/> <xsl:value-of select="cityName"/> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD> <b> <xsl:text>History: </xsl:text> </b> </TD> <TD> <xsl:value-of select="history"/> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Country: </xsl:text> </b> </TD> <TD> <BR/> <xsl:value-of select="country"/> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD> <b> <xsl:text>Population: </xsl:text> </b> <BR/> <BR/> </TD> <TD> <xsl:value-of select="format-number(population, '#,###,##0')"/> <BR/> <BR/> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD colspan="2"> <center> <font style="font-size:medium">Hotels:</font> <br/> <xsl:for-each select="hotel"> <TABLE CLASS="blueBackground"> <TR> <TD STYLE="FONT-SIZE:8pt;width:20%;"> <IMG> <xsl:attribute name="SRC"> <xsl:value-of select="hotelPicture/@filename"/> </xsl:attribute> <xsl:attribute name="WIDTH"> <xsl:value-of select="hotelPicture/@size"/> </xsl:attribute> <xsl:attribute name="HEIGHT"> <xsl:value-of select="hotelPicture/@size"/> </xsl:attribute> <xsl:attribute name="ALT"> <xsl:value-of select="hotelPicture/@value"/> </xsl:attribute> </IMG> <BR/> </TD> <TD align="left" style="FONT-SIZE:10pt;"> <HR width="90%"/> <b> <xsl:text>Hotel Name: </xsl:text> </b> <xsl:value-of select="hotelName"/> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Street Address: </xsl:text> </b> <xsl:value-of select="streetAddress"/> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Telephone Number: </xsl:text> </b> <xsl:value-of select="telephoneNumber"/> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Email Address: </xsl:text> </b> <xsl:value-of select="emailAddress"/> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Price Range: $</xsl:text> </b> <xsl:value-of select="lowerPrice"/> - <xsl:value-of select="upperPrice"/> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Hotel Rating: </xsl:text> </b> <xsl:value-of select="hotelRating"/> <BR/> <b> <xsl:text>Amenities: </xsl:text> </b> <xsl:for-each select="amenities"> <xsl:value-of select="amenity"/> <xsl:if test="position() &amp;lt; last()"> <xsl:text>, </xsl:text> </xsl:if> </xsl:for-each> <HR width="90%"/> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR/> </xsl:for-each> </center> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> </nowiki> </pre> </blockquote> '''Figure 5-5 XML stylesheet – amenity.xsl''' In the XML stylesheet, you will see two additional functions '''position()''' and '''last()'''. The position function returns the position of the current context node in the current context node-set. The last function returns the index number of the last node in the context. To list each amenity for each hotel, the transformation checks to see if the current position of the node is different than the position of the last context node in the set. If this returns true, then a comma is added as the amenities are listed. Although this stylesheet builds upon the one we saw in chapter 3, notice the use of embedded tables to further specify the layout of the data being conveyed. Values and their indicators have been separated into table cells, allowing for a cleaner look and feel. {{BookCat}} thmxvdu8z582m30x95uigm8vhcty7v2 0 59965 4634564 3267189 2026-05-07T08:45:06Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634564 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} Many-to-Many Chapter => [[XML - Managing_Data_Exchange/The_many-to-many_relationship|The Many-to-Many Relationship]] Many-to-Many Answers => [[XML - Managing Data Exchange/The many-to-many relationship/Answers|Answers]] {{center/end}} == 1) Movie collection == Use the following data model: [[Image:Xml5moviedm.png]] :a. Using the IDREF method, create an XML schema to describe the illustrated data model. Include all of the attributes listed in the data model. :b. Create an XML document that includes at least two movies and two cast members per movie. :c. Create a simple XML style sheet to present the information in HTML format. No tables or CSS are necessary. == 2) Student/Class Directory == :a. Every class at a school can have many students, and each student can be registered to more than one class at a time. Create an XML schema to capture this many-to-many relationship. Be sure to include the class name, capacity, building number, building name, and room number. Also include the student first/last name separately and his or her grade for the class. :b. Using the XML schema created in part a, create an XML document and an XML stylesheet. You can make up your own data, but be sure to use at least three students for each class. {{center/top}} Many-to-Many Chapter => [[XML - Managing_Data_Exchange/The_many-to-many_relationship|The Many-to-Many Relationship]] Many-to-Many Answers => [[XML - Managing Data Exchange/The many-to-many relationship/Answers|Answers]] {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} srhc5q4gfryqkqji8dvyp2tqafd7t9o 0 61907 4634574 3267194 2026-05-07T08:49:19Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634574 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} Stylesheet Chapter => [[../|XSLT and Style Sheets]] Stylesheet Exercises => [[../Exercises|Exercises]] {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} caapudoxsa42xf4zh9ab6dz7yniiuae 0 62562 4634573 3267196 2026-05-07T08:48:58Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634573 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} XPath Chapter => [[../|XPath]] XPath Answers => [[../Answers|Answers]] {{center/end}} Below are exercises you can do to hone in on your XPath skills. Use the tree.xml file and xsl-tree.xsl to do the following: == XPath Tree Example== Modify and copy the xsl-tree.xsl file and rename the copies, indicating the question number. :# Print the name attribute of every bigBranch element with thickness set as ‘thick’. :# Print the name of the parent of each bigBranch. :# Print the color of all leaves with a color attribute. {{center/top}} XPath Chapter => [[../|XPath]] XPath Answers => [[../Answers|Answers]] {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} 2j0ghxqwnxiapid4y7w0picbzdwfqfw 0 62746 4634570 3655255 2026-05-07T08:47:30Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634570 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} XHTML Chapter => [[../|XHTML]] XHTML Answers => [[../Answers|Answers]] {{center/end}} == Exercise 1 == Below is an example of an invalid HTML document that contains a number of deprecated features. It is also badly structured. The document needs converting to XHTML with the content separated from the presentation. a. Change the HTML document into a valid XHTML 1.0 Transitional document. Validate your page using the validator available at http://validator.w3.org/. b. Starting with the model answer for question 1.a. indentify all deprecated elements and attributes in the document and replace them with CSS in a linked external stylesheet. See [[HyperText Markup Language/Tag List]] for details of deprecated elements. c. Starting with the model answer for question 1.b. replace all presentational markup with semantic markup and ensure that all inline elements are contained in block-level elements. Change the DOCTYPE to XHTML 1.0 Strict and validate the page with the W3C Markup Validation Service. <blockquote style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <pre><nowiki> <html> <head> <title> Convert HTML to XHTML </head> <body text=blue> <h1> XHTML page </h1> <p><b> It is important for your site to be current with the most recent W3C standards. </p></b> <u>Welcome</u> to my <b>page</b>.<br> I hope that you <i>enjoy</i> your stay. <p> <font color=#9900FF face=Arial size=+2> XHTML is similar to HTML </font> </p> <a href=http://validator.w3.org/> Validator </a> </body> </html> </nowiki></pre> </blockquote> == Exercise 2 == Create a simple HTML document and purposely nest tags incorrectly or don't close a few tags, then run the document through the W3C's online [http://cgi.w3.org/cgi-bin/tidy HTML Tidy service]. {{center/top}} XHTML Chapter => [[../|XHTML]] XHTML Answers => [[../Answers|Answers]] {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} 80qoapbk1intkssesc6naz5ixkbrhrc 0 63428 4634571 3269273 2026-05-07T08:48:02Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634571 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} XLink Chapter => [[../|XLink]] XLink Answers => [[../Answers|Answers]] {{center/end}} == 1) Movie Collection == Modify the movie XML document from the many-to-many chapter to use XLink capabilities. Each movie title should be a displayed as an XLink to the movie's description located in "The Internet Movie Database" at http://www.imdb.com/. ===the Schema=== {| style="background:white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em; width: 100%;" |- | <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Document : movies.xsd Created on : February 6, 2006 Author : Christina Serrano Description: XML schema describing structure of movie collection --> <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="unqualified"> <xsd:element name="movieCollection"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="movie" type="movieDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> <xsd:element name="castMember" type="castDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:element> <xsd:complexType name="movieDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="movieTitle" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="movieSynopsis" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="role" type="roleDetails" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:complexType name="roleDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="roleIDREF" type="xsd:IDREF"/> <xsd:element name="roleType" type="xsd:string"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:complexType name="castDetails"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:element name="castMemberID" type="xsd:ID"/> <xsd:element name="castFirstName" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="castLastName" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:element name="castSSN" type="ssnType" minOccurs="0"/> <xsd:element name="castGender" type="genderType"/> </xsd:sequence> </xsd:complexType> <xsd:simpleType name="ssnType"> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> <xsd:pattern value="\d{3}-\d{2}-\d{4}"/> </xsd:restriction> </xsd:simpleType> <xsd:simpleType name="genderType"> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> <xsd:enumeration value="male"/> <xsd:enumeration value="female"/> </xsd:restriction> </xsd:simpleType> </xsd:schema> </nowiki></pre> |- |} ===the Document=== {| style="background:white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em; width: 100%;" |- | <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <?xml-stylesheet href="movies.xsl" type="text/xsl" media="screen"?> <!-- Document : movies.xml Created on : February 6, 2006 Author : Christina Serrano Description: XML document describing movie collection --> <movieCollection xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="movies.xsd"> <movie> <movieTitle>City of God</movieTitle> <movieSynopsis> Youth gangs took over the slums of Rio de Janiero during the 1960s and didn't relinquish their stronghold until the mid-1980s. Only a sucker wouldn't have turned to crime and this is exactly how naive teen Rocket views himself. Rocket shoots all of the action with his weapon of choice, a camera. </movieSynopsis> <role> <roleIDREF>ar1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>lf1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>kf1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actress</roleType> </role> </movie> <movie> <movieTitle>Hotel Rwanda</movieTitle> <movieSynopsis> Paul Rusesabagina, the manager of a European-owned hotel in Rwanda, created a secret refugee camp for the Tutsi people during the brutal genocide committed against them by the Hutu people in 1994. His efforts helped to save 1200 lives out of close to a million who were killed. </movieSynopsis> <role> <roleIDREF>dc1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>nn1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Supporting Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>so1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actress</roleType> </role> </movie> <movie> <movieTitle>Dodgeball</movieTitle> <movieSynopsis> The story's protagonist, Peter LaFleur, is a charismatic underachiever and proprietor of a rundown gym called Average Joe's. Peter's humble gym catches the eye of White Goodman, the power-mullet-sporting, Fu-Manchu-d, egomaniacal owner of Globo Gym, a gleaming monolith of fitness. White intends to take over Average Joe's, and Peter's non-existent bookkeeping is making it all too easy for him. The only way Peter can save Average Joe's is a showdown dodgeball competition against Globo Gym. </movieSynopsis> <role> <roleIDREF>bs1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>ct1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actress</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>vv1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> </movie> <movie> <movieTitle>Meet the Parents</movieTitle> <movieSynopsis> Greg Focker is head over heels in love with his girlfriend Pam, and is ready to pop the big question. When his attempt to propose is thwarted by a phone call with the news that Pam's younger sister is getting married, Greg realizes that the key to Pam's hand in marriage lies with her formidable father. </movieSynopsis> <role> <roleIDREF>bs1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>tp1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actress</roleType> </role> <role> <roleIDREF>rd1</roleIDREF> <roleType>Lead Actor</roleType> </role> </movie> <castMember> <castMemberID>ar1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Alexandre</castFirstName> <castLastName>Rodrigues</castLastName> <castSSN>867-34-2949</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>lf1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Leandro</castFirstName> <castLastName>Firmino da Hora</castLastName> <castSSN>839-59-8765</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>kf1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Karina</castFirstName> <castLastName>Falcao</castLastName> <castSSN>987-34-2958</castSSN> <castGender>female</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>dc1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Don</castFirstName> <castLastName>Cheadle</castLastName> <castSSN>849-39-4439</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>nn1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Nick</castFirstName> <castLastName>Nolte</castLastName> <castSSN>233-56-4309</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>so1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Sophie</castFirstName> <castLastName>Okonedo</castLastName> <castSSN>993-23-4958</castSSN> <castGender>female</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>rd1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Robert</castFirstName> <castLastName>De Niro</castLastName> <castSSN>489-32-5984</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>bs1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Ben</castFirstName> <castLastName>Stiller</castLastName> <castSSN>590-59-2774</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>tp1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Teri</castFirstName> <castLastName>Polo</castLastName> <castSSN>099-37-8765</castSSN> <castGender>female</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>vv1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Vince</castFirstName> <castLastName>Vaughn</castLastName> <castSSN>383-56-2095</castSSN> <castGender>male</castGender> </castMember> <castMember> <castMemberID>ct1</castMemberID> <castFirstName>Christine</castFirstName> <castLastName>Taylor</castLastName> <castSSN>309-49-4005</castSSN> <castGender>female</castGender> </castMember> </movieCollection> </nowiki></pre> |- |} ===the Stylesheet=== {| style="background:white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em; width: 100%;" |- | <pre><nowiki> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Document : movies.xsl Created on : February 6, 2006 Author : Christina Serrano Description: XML stylesheet to format movie collection data --> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:key name="castList" match="castMember" use="castMemberID"/> <xsl:output method="html"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <head> <title>Movie Collection</title> </head> <body> <h2>Movie Collection</h2> <xsl:apply-templates select="movieCollection"/> </body> </html> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="movieCollection"> <xsl:for-each select="movie"> <hr/> <br/> <b><xsl:text>Movie Title: </xsl:text></b> <xsl:value-of select="movieTitle"/> <br/> <br/> <b><xsl:text>Movie Synopsis: </xsl:text></b> <xsl:value-of select="movieSynopsis"/> <br/> <br/> <b><xsl:text>Cast: </xsl:text></b> <br/> <xsl:for-each select="role"> <xsl:value-of select="key('castList',roleIDREF)/castFirstName"/> <xsl:text> </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="key('castList',roleIDREF)/castLastName"/> <xsl:text>, </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="roleType"/> <br/> <xsl:value-of select="key('castList',roleIDREF)/castGender"/> <xsl:text>, </xsl:text> <xsl:value-of select="key('castList',roleIDREF)/castSSN"/> <br/> <br/> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> </nowiki></pre> |- |} {{center/top}} XLink Chapter => [[../|XLink]] XLink Answers => [[../Answers|Answers]] {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} l31yet4u275rmux8t4uoqol3a9awdx1 0 63708 4634560 3820906 2026-05-07T08:43:26Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{XML-MDE|prev=XSLT and Style Sheets|next=Parsing XML files}} ---- <table cellspacing=10 cellpadding=10 border=5> <tr> <td> <font size=4><b>Learning objectives</b></font> <br> <ul> <li> <font size=3> Understand the function of Cocoon</font></li> <li> <font size=3> Create a working sitemap</font></li> <li> <font size=3> Make available a stylesheet-formatted XML document</font></li> <li> <font size=3> Create a simple Cocoon form</font></li> <li> <font size=3> Create a simple XSP</font></li> </ul> </td> <td> sponsored by: <br><br> {{center/top}} <font size=3><b>The University of Georgia</b></font> <br><br> <font size=5 color=#990000><b>Terry College of Business</b></font> <br><br> <font size=3><b>Department of Management Information Systems</b></font> {{center/end}} </td> </tr> </table> <br><br> == Introduction == Cocoon is a product of the Apache Software Foundation. It is a powerful server heavily based on Java and XML technology. While it does have a command line interface, most users will be able to do everything they need to with it simply through careful editing of a few configuration files, formatted as XML documents. If you want to see some examples of what Cocoon can do, go to http://MIST5730.terry.uga.edu:8080/cocoon/. == Assumptions == This tutorial is set up based on the user having access to an installation of Cocoon on Terry’s Blaze server. If you do not have this access, simply replace file locations and access methods with those provided by your server administrator. Some programs described may be Windows-only; you will need to find out a suitable replacement if you are a Macintosh or Linux user, although these utilities are often included with the operating system. JEdit is a free text editor that can read and save files on an FTP or SFTP server as easily as on a hard disk, and properly manipulate many different types of files, with the proper plugins. It is available for Windows, Macintosh, some Linux distributions and as a platform-independent Java application at http://www.jedit.org/. == The Sitemap == The primary Cocoon file to be concerned with is sitemap.xmap, located in the root Cocoon directory. It uses XML tags to define things such as different ways to present data, the location of important files, identification of browsers, and the most important aspect, pipelines. The default xmap will be fine for our purposes, and we will only need to look at the last few lines of it, where pipeline matches are defined. This section begins at the tag <code><map:pipeline></code>. A pipeline match looks like this: <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <map:match pattern=”test”> <map:generate type=”file” src=”content/test.xml”/> <map:transform type=”xslt” src=”stylesheets/test.xslt”/> <map:serialize type=”html”/> </map:match> </syntaxhighlight> Let’s look at what each line does. The first line tells Cocoon to watch for someone browsing to http://blaze.terry.uga.edu:8080/cocoon/otc/test. When this happens, the actions on the next three lines take place. Cocoon will take the information from the file test.xml within the content directory, and apply the stylesheet test.xslt from the stylesheets directory. It formats this result as an html page, as specified on the fourth line. Cocoon can use different serializers to format data as an html or xhtml page, flash object, pdf, or even OpenOffice document. Unlike when working with XML for other purposes, no XSD schema is needed – simply create and populate fields in the XML file as necessary. == Cocoon Forms == Cocoon forms, or CForms, are a way to use XML structure to create validating form field objects and then arrange them in a template for use. The primary advantage of CForms over using HTML forms is that fields can be validated either with built-in functionality or simple XML attributes. There are several elements required for this. A definition XML file, which holds the fields, called "widgets": <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <fd:field id="email" required="true"> <fd:label>Email address:</fd:label> <fd:datatype base="string"/> <fd:validation> <fd:email/> </fd:validation> </fd:field> </syntaxhighlight> <br> A template XML file calls on these widgets, adding HTML code to help with look and feel: <syntaxhighlight lang="html4strict"> <br/> <ft:widget-label id="email"/> <ft:widget id="email"/> </syntaxhighlight> A Javascript file that controls the flow of data from one file to the next: <syntaxhighlight lang="javascript"> function registration() { var form = new Form("registration_definition.xml"); form.showForm("registration-display-pipeline"); var viewData = { "username" : form.getChild("name").getValue() } cocoon.sendPage("registration-success-pipeline", viewData); } </syntaxhighlight> Pipelines in the sitemap that also control flow: <syntaxhighlight lang="XML"> <map:match pattern="registration"> <map:call function="registration"/> </map:match> ... <map:match pattern="registration-display-pipeline"> <map:generate type="jx" src="registration_template.xml"/> <map:transform type="i18n"> <map:parameter name="locale" value="en-US"/> </map:transform> <map:transform src="forms-samples-styling.xsl"/> <map:serialize/> </map:match> ... <map:match pattern="registration-success-pipeline"> <map:generate type="jx" src="registration_success.jx"/> <map:serialize/> </map:match> </syntaxhighlight> An XSP can be used in this flow in order to pass submissions to a database. == XSPs == XSPs function similarly to JSPs and servlets - they are server-side applications that can support many users at once. Unlike JSPs and servlets, XSPs can use XML tags to accomplish much of their functionality, although they can also use Java code between <xsp:logic></xsp:logic> tags. One good use for XSPs is passing information to a database or recalling and displaying stored data. While JSPs and servlets have to either call a specific database connector or contain all of the code for connecting within them, Cocoon has a configuration file which holds this information, and XSPs just call the name of the database as specified in WEB-INF/cocoon.xconf: <code><esql:pool>dbname</esql:pool></code> XSP code to enter data from a form might look like this: <code><esql:execute-query></code> <code><esql:query></code> <code>INSERT into otc_users (name,email,password,age,spam) values ('<xsp:expr>esc_name</xsp:expr>','<xsp-request:get-parameter name="email"/>','<xsp-request:get-parameter name="password"/>','<xsp-request:get-parameter name="age"/>','<xsp-request:get-parameter name="spam"/>')</code> <code></esql:query></code> <code></esql:execute-query></code> == Exercises == # Create a basic XML file and accompanying html stylesheet. Upload them into the proper folders (content and stylesheets respectively) on the Blaze server, and write a pipeline match that would enable you to view the XML content with your stylesheet applied in a browser. Files and match pattern should be named after your own name, for example Bob Jones would use “bjones.” It is not necessary to upload the pipeline code - simply browse to http://blaze.terry.uga.edu:8080/cocoon/otc/yourname and it should be visible. # Follow along with the CForms example located at http://cocoon.apache.org/2.1/userdocs/basics/sample.html. Create and implement at least one widget of your own making. You can view this at work by browsing to http://blaze.terry.uga.edu:8080/cocoon/cforms/registration. # Browse to opt/tomcat5/webapps/cocoon/cforms on Blaze. Examine sitemap-modified.xmap to see how the pipelines could be modified to pass CForm data to an XSP. Test.xsp shows how that data could be inserted into or called from a database. == Appendix - Accessing the Blaze server == When you have an account set up on the Blaze server, there are several steps you will need to take in order to be able to work with files in the Cocoon directory. Generally, new user accounts are set up with the user’s UGA MyId as the username, and social security number as the password. This password must be changed at the user’s first login, which requires using an SSH client to accomplish. UGA students can download Secure Shell Utilities 3.1 at http://sitesoft.uga.edu/. Two programs are installed by this download, Secure Shell Client and Secure File Transfer Client. Open the Secure Shell client and click the “Quick Connect” button located near the top of the window. In the resulting window, enter “blaze.terry.uga.edu” as the Host Name, and your specified username as User Name. Port Number should be set to “22”, and Authentication Method should be “Passworded”. Click “Connect”. In the resulting window, enter your given password and click “Ok”. You may see a window asking to save the new host key, click “Yes”. You will now be presented with a text box. It will notify you that your password has expired and must be changed. You will need to enter your given password once, hit enter, enter your desired new password, hit enter, and again enter your desired new password and hit enter. Be aware that nothing you type will show up for security purposes, and you will not be able to delete any typos - you'll have to log in and start over if you mess up. This is all we will be using the Secure Shell Client application for; you can click the “Disconnect” button in the row of small buttons at the top of the screen, and then exit the program. In order to actually access files on the Blaze server, the Secure File Transfer Client is used. Open it and click the “Quick Connect” button located near the top of the window, entering the same Host Name as with the Secure Shell Client, your new password, and make sure the other settings are the same. Click “Connect.” You will be presented with a Windows Explorer-type screen where you can browse through the files on the Blaze server. To access our Cocoon installation go to the “opt” folder, then the “tomcat5” folder, then the “webapps” folder, then the cocoon folder. Most of our work will be done in the “otc” folder within. To download a file for editing, simply highlight it and click the “Download” button in the row of small buttons at the top of the screen. Once you select a download location and click “Download.” You can then open it in your editor of choice. To upload a file to the server, simply do the reverse – click the “Upload” button in the row of small buttons as the top of the screen, select a file to upload, and click “Upload,” which will put the file in the folder you are currently viewing on the Blaze server. {{BookCat}} my2z6xaco45pesqa9rcvcbtr30509it 0 65866 4634550 3249992 2026-05-07T08:36:45Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634550 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Acoustics threshold of hearing.JPG|center]] <!--[[image:ath-soundpressure.png|thumb|200px|right|Fig. 1: A typical ATH curve]]--> [[image:FletcherMunson_ELC.svg|thumb|350px|right|Fig. 1: The Fletcher-Munson equal-loudness contours. The lowest of the curves is the ATH.]] The '''threshold of hearing''' is the Sound pressure level SPL of 20 µPa (micropascals) = 2 &times; 10⁻⁵ pascal (Pa). This low threshold of amplitude (strength or sound pressure level) is frequency dependent. See the frequency curve in Fig. 2 below The '''absolute threshold of hearing''' (ATH) is the minimum amplitude (level or strength) of a pure tone that the average ear with normal hearing can hear in a noiseless environment. The '''threshold of pain''' is the SPL beyond which sound becomes unbearable for a human listener. This threshold varies only slightly with frequency. Prolonged exposure to sound pressure levels in excess of the threshold of pain can cause physical damage, potentially leading to hearing impairment. Different values for the threshold of pain: {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" |colspan="3" align="center" | '''Threshold of pain''' |- | SPL || sound pressure |- | 120 dBSPL || '''20 Pa''' |- | 130 dBSPL || 63 Pa |- | 134 dBSPL || '''100 Pa''' |- | '''137.5 dBSPL''' || 150 Pa |- | 140 dBSPL|| 200 Pa |} The '''Threshold of hearing''' is frequency dependent, and typically shows a minimum (indicating the ear's maximum sensitivity) at frequencies between 1&nbsp;kHz and 5&nbsp;kHz. A typical ATH curve is pictured in Fig. 1. The absolute threshold of hearing represents the lowest curve amongst the set of equal-loudness contours, with the highest curve representing the threshold of pain. In psychoacoustic audio compression, the ATH is used, often in combination with masking curves, to calculate which spectral components are inaudible and may thus be ignored in the coding process; any part of an audio spectrum which has an amplitude (level or strength) below the ATH may be removed from an audio signal without any audible change to the signal. The ATH curve rises with age as the human ear becomes more insensitive to sound, with the greatest changes occurring at frequencies higher than 2&nbsp;kHz. Curves for subjects of various age groups are illustrated in Fig. 2. The data is from the United States ''Occupational Health and Environment Control, Standard Number:1910.95 App F'' {{center|[[../../Human Vocal Fold/]] - '''[[Acoustics]]''' - [[../../How an Acoustic Guitar Works/]]}} {{BookCat}} og7t6rs7pcaevteq3epc0yb81ry2byv 0 67299 4634563 4408220 2026-05-07T08:44:36Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634563 wikitext text/x-wiki '''NetBeans''' =Using an XML Editor: NetBeans : Single - Entity= {{center|1=Return to the Single Entity Chapter => [[../A single entity/]]}} ==NetBeans IDE 5.0 instruction== # Launch NetBeans # Make yourself familiar with the IDE by opening Help > Help Contents and reading the material in Getting Started # Create a new project by File > New Project.. (Ctrl+Shift+N) # Under "Choose a Project:" select under Categories: General # Select under Projects: Java Application # Press Next # Name the project name appropriately (e.g., xml1) # Check "Set as Main Project" and un-check "Create Main Class" # Save to the appropriate location # Press Finish # Right click just created project (e.g., xml1) from Projects window # Create a new file by New > File/Folder > XML > XML document # Name the file (e.g., city) # Press Next # Select "Well-formed Document" # Press Finish # You should see the following skeleton XML file: <syntaxhighlight lang=xml style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Document : city.xml Created on : December 26, 2005, 11:18 AM Author : rtw Description: Purpose of the document follows. --> <root> </root></syntaxhighlight> # The goal is to create a simple markup file, rather than an XML file, so replace the section delimited by <syntaxhighlight lang="xml" inline=yes><root></syntaxhighlight> and <syntaxhighlight lang="xml" inline=yes></root></syntaxhighlight> in the skeleton XML file with the lines in Table 1. After the change, the file should look like: <syntaxhighlight lang=xml style="background: white; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Document : city.xml Created on : December 26, 2005, 11:18 AM Author : rtw Description: Purpose of the document follows. --> <city> <cityname>Athens</cityname> <state>GA</state> <description> Home of the University of Georgia</description> <population>100,000</population> <location>Located about 60 miles Northeast of Atlanta</location> <latitude>33 57' 39"N</latitude> <longitude>83 22' 42" W</longitude> </city></syntaxhighlight> # Check the markup file is well-formed by clicking on the single green downward point triangle on the XML tool bar above the document listing. It should pass the check. Alternatively, use Alt+F9 (Windows) or Ctrl+F9 (Mac). # Delete the tag <syntaxhighlight lang=xml inline=yes"></city></syntaxhighlight> and check the file again. This time you should get an error indicating that an end tag is missing. "XML document structures must start and end within the same entity." followed by the line number (where the error occurs) in brackets should appear in blue and underlined. <blockquote style="background: linen; border: 1px solid black; padding: 1em;"> NetBeans is an open source IDE that includes an XML editor. </blockquote> ===XML document:=== #Go to File -> New File -> XML -> XML Document. #Save your file as ‘city’ #Select XML Schema-Constrained Document as the document type. #Next, specify your schema location (Go to Browse, then select the schema just created) and root element name (tourGuide). #Copy and paste the above code into the NetBeans editor and save. #Check the XML document to make sure it is well-formed (ALT-F9). To validate an XML document: #Right-click the document's node and choose Validate XML. If the XML file, city.xml, conforms to the XML schema provided, city.xsd, your Output Window should look like the following: [[Image:WellForm.JPG|Output Window - Validity check]] Open this file, city.xml, in NetBeans. <table width="100%" border="1" bgcolor="ffffff"> <tr> <td><b> '''Summary: Being a file which contains XML code and syntax, the XML document is an entity of neatly organized elements and subelements.''' </b></td> </tr> </table> ==== Netbeans Tips ==== The prefix "xsi" for attribute "xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation" associated with an element type "Listing" is not bound. -Caused because line "xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance'" is missing from the top of the document. cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'Listing'. -Caused due to lack of extension(.xsd) at the end of the schema name. cvc-complex-type.2.4.a: Invalid content was found starting with element 'MuseumName'. One of '{"":Museum}' is expected. [5] -Caused due to lack of naming at the beginning and end of the variable naming section. The element type "MuseumName" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</MuseumName>". -Could be caused by a missing "/" in the end tag of one of the variables ===XML Schema=== Any XML document, including XML schema and XML stylesheet documents, can be checked to make sure they are “well-formed”. An XML document is said to be well-formed if it adheres to the XML syntax rules, as outlined in the Chapter 1, such as there must be exactly one root element, every start tag must have an end tag. The well-formedness of an XML documents can be checked using an XML editor software, in this case, the NetBeans. If any errors are detected, they are listed along with the line number in the Output window. This location is not necessarily the line where the error occurred. By double-clicking on any error message, you can go to the line in the XML document where the error was detected. Use NetBeans to create a new project: #Go to File -> New Project Use NetBeans to create the above XML schema: #Go to File -> New File -> XML -> XML Schema. #Save your file as ‘city’ (this gives the file an extension of .xsd). #Copy and Paste the above schema into city.xsd and save To check an XML document to see if it is well-formed: #Right-click the document's node (under files, city.xsd) and choose Check XML schema or press Alt-F9. If the XML schema, city.xsd, is well-formed, your Output Window should look like this: [[Image:WellForm.JPG|Well Form XML Document]] <table width="100%" border="1" bgcolor="ffffff"> <tr> <td><b> '''Summary: The XML schema shows the structure and elements of an XML document.''' </b></td> </tr> </table> ==== ''' Netbeans Tips ''' ==== Element type "xsd:element" must be followed by either attribute specifications, ">" or "/>". -Caused by lack of ">" or "/>" symbol at the end of either the specified line or the line there after. The value of attribute "name" associated with an element type "xsd:complexType" must not contain the '<' character. -Often caused by lack of closing quotation around the variable name on either the specified line or the line there after. src-resolve.4.2: Error resolving component 'xsd:strin'... -Caused by invalid "type", most likely misspelled. Can be for any "type", not just "string." The element type "xsd:sequence" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</xsd:sequence>". -Caused because </xsd:sequence> is not found in order to close the statement. -Also caused because the closing statements are out of order as they at the beginning of the Schema. ===XML Stylesheet=== Use NetBeans to create the above XML stylesheet: #Go to File -> New File -> XML -> XSL Stylesheet #Save your file as ‘city’ #Copy and paste the above code into the NetBeans editor and save. #Check the stylesheet to make sure it is well-formed (ALT-F9). Note: The city example files (city.xsd, city.xml and city.xsl) can be created using a text editor, and the results are displayed correctly in a compatible web browser such as Mozilla 1.6. You will need to store all of the files in the same directory and insert the following line after line 1 of city.xml: <syntaxhighlight lang="xml" inline=yes><?xml-stylesheet href="city.xsl" type="text/xsl"?></syntaxhighlight> This associates the XSL Stylesheet with the XML file containing the city data. Also, If you are using Netbeans, be sure to take off the xmlns line in the beginning which looks like xmlns='http://xml.netbeans.org/examples/targetNS', otherwise it will not display all data. ==== ''' Netbeans Tips ''' ==== The element type "xsl:text" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</xsl:text>". -Caused by either lack of end-tag or misspelling of the end- tag. The element type "xsl:for-each" must be terminated by the matching end-tag "</xsl:for-each>". -Caused due to either lack of end-tag for the specified tag or end-tags placed in the wrong order. {{BookCat}} 6affty859iqa5cdp0utkycxjf9qqyx6 0 68868 4634605 3362213 2026-05-07T09:42:11Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634605 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}}<h1>'''Table Of Contents'''</h1>{{center/end}} #[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Intro|Introduction]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/What is "graff"?|What is "graff"?]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Lexicon|Lexicon]] #[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Where to find graff|Where to find graff]] #[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Freestyle 101|Freestyle 101]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Toy Markerwork|Toy Markerwork]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Broadway Tag|Broadway Tag]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Hookups and Decorations|Hookups and Decorations]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Stylizing and Finalizing|Stylizing and Finalizing]] #[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Bubble Work|Bubble Work]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Basic Flow|Basic Flow]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Squeeze Lettering|Squeeze Lettering]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Cartoon Lettering|Cartoon Lettering]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Decorations and Fillers|Decorations and Fillers]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Backgrounding|Backgrounding]] #[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Style Art|Style Art]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Style Smooth|Style Smooth]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Style Jagged|Style Jagged]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Hookups,Donks,Bubbles|Hookups,Donks,Bubbles]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/A 3D Touch|A 3D Touch]] ##[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Finalizing Work|Finalizing Work]] #[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Notes On Grafitti|Notes On Grafitti]] #[[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/Disclaimers|Disclaimers]] {{BookCat}} pkr469r68dre10l8vpvz6iyh69gueuu 0 69064 4634606 3743383 2026-05-07T09:42:32Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634606 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:1-intro.jpg|center]] ''Welcome to NYC, where, around every corner, there is something on the wall. Each bend you turn there is another piece sprayed or written on the wall. They all vary: KEZ1...SUBJECT...TKZ...You watch people turn their heads in disgust as they look at this vandalism.'' ''I turn and smile at it.'' Welcome to the world of graffiti. However, before you turn your head from this page, know this: If [[:w:en:Leonardo da Vinci|Leonardo da Vinci]] had painted [[:w:en:Mona Lisa|''Mona Lisa'']] on his neighbor's wall, then they would have turned their heads in disgust. But it was a professional canvas painting, and is now famous. But, due to the massive abuse of spray paint on walls, any form of calligraphy that has arrows, dots, stars, and fast curves in it is looked at with disgust. If anyone did that to my house, I'd get them locked up for it. But as an artform, it's beautiful. [[Writing: A Guide To Urban Calligraphy/What is "graff"?|What is "graff"?]] {{BookCat}} gb2mx2jrdrcbp0uf1hyvbpu4c8ekfyo 0 69433 4634607 3362214 2026-05-07T09:42:56Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}}<h1>'''What Is Graff?'''</h1>{{center/end}} What is graffiti to the eyes of the public? To many, graffiti is a defacing of public property, some words scrawled out on a brick wall, some spray paint done in about three seconds with absolutely no meaning. Most people pass by a person doing block letters in a note book. They take one look at the letters and accuse the person of being a vandal. These people don't see between the lines in the art form we know as graffiti. What's graffiti to us? Well, take a look at it this way. Graffiti is an art, has every right to be displayed in a museum (which, in fact, some is), and is something people from urban environments almost enjoy. It's a movement, it's a culture, it's a way of life. It's talent that flows in the form of lettering and cartooning, red and black and orange and pearlescent gold spray paint. It's design capability that flows in the form of Sharpie ink, Marks-a-lot paint, and normal pencil or pen. And what I said above about people unable to read between the lines, is that FAME means something other than what it seems. SARS means something other than just a sickness. If you're reading to learn how to vandalize property, I suggest you find another source. If you're serious about making things beautiful, about the ART part of graffiti, about the calligraphy flow of this underdog art form, then I welcome you to my world. Because once in, there's a big wall behind you that's about to prevent you from turning back. {{BookCat}} r09ge2mh9z1fiuarxmd2tjvpgkvbv7m 0 71697 4634554 4412615 2026-05-07T08:39:50Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634554 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} Stylesheet Chapter => [[../|XSL and Style Sheets]] Stylesheet Answers => [[../Answers|Answers]] {{center/end}} # For Chapter 2's exercises, we created an XML document, schema, and stylesheet to define a museum entity. Change that stylesheet to transform that XML document into another XML document, instead of into HTML. # In Chapter 4 we created an XML document, schema, and stylesheet to list restaurants, including the most popular, in a city. #* a. Create a new stylesheet that uses a named template to output the name of the city. Then use two templates with different modes to print out the restaurants, using a larger font for the most popular restaurant. #* b. Now create a stylesheet that will sort the restaurant names alphabetically, and number them using the <tt>number()</tt> function and a single level of numbering. #* c. Finally, we will use the <tt>call-template</tt> and <tt>with-param</tt> elements to create a stylesheet that will count the restaurants in a city, and add the prices up, and output it to a text file. This stylesheet will first call a template named &quot;count-restaurants&quot; and will use <tt>with-param</tt> to pass a parameter to count the restaurants. Then it will call a template named &quot;sum-prices&quot; that will use <tt>with-param</tt> to pass the parameter &quot;num&quot; to sum() the upper price for the restaurant. {{center/top}} Stylesheet Chapter => [[../|XSL and Style Sheets]] Stylesheet Answers => [[../Answers|Answers]] {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} iqqmcria0tskpd589wdjqtfqlplifsf 0 89247 4634624 4341753 2026-05-07T09:54:07Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634624 wikitext text/x-wiki This chapter introduces you to the basics of decision theory and how it can be applied to improve your decisions. It starts with a review of material in ''Smart Choices'', a book written by John Hammond, Ralph Keeney, and Howard Raiffa, experts from the Harvard Business School in the field of decision theory and its application in business. (An MBA program is largely the study of how to improve decisions important to business, and decision theory is a key component of this study.) It continues with a discussion of our goals for models intended to help us predict and explain social behavior. We see that our modeling focuses only upon the most important factors necessary to predict and explain, even if we must sacrifice a complete or accurate description of the individual’s actual decision making process. == Components of a Good Decision == We want the models that we will eventually build throughout this course to help us in predicting and explaining social behavior around us. Since we will be examining a class of models based upon individuals choosing alternatives that promote their self interest, it will be important for us to know what it means exactly for a choice to be rational and to which situations different levels of rationality might fruitfully be applied. To help us understand “rationality” better, to help us in modeling what decisions are actually made, we will first consider advice on improving the rationality of your decisions, or what decisions should be made. How should you decide to best meet your goals? What constitutes a rational choice? Some decisions in your life will be fairly easy, but most of the important ones will be tough and complex with no obvious choice as the best. Even though a great deal may be at stake, for you and for those around you that you care about, with these tough decisions we risk anxiety from confusion and doubt and the fear of error, regret, and embarrassment. We want to provide you with an anxiety-reducing structure or process to help you with these important, tough decisions. === Find feasible alternatives === Decision theory separates the selection of choices to be considered feasible from how to choose among these choices. It, thus, separates the analysis of what is feasible from the analysis of what is good. Each of these two key steps can also be broken into key components. This divide-and-conquer approach is an important benefit from the use of decision theory. Your assumptions, data, and logic become clear, where they might not be otherwise. As we will see later, separating the analysis of the feasible from analysis of the good is a major benefit from the use of game theory as well. Ideally, you want to consider all possible feasible alternatives, rank them in order of your preferences, and then choose the best. In practice, the set of all possible alternatives may not be obvious. Further, many feasible options may be clearly sub-optimal, so for simplicity’s sake you might omit them from consideration. Even so, the alternatives in your model represent the range of potential choices you will have for pursuing your objectives. Since you’ll eventually be choosing the best among the alternatives that you consider, make sure that you include all possible best alternatives. ==== Reconsider the scope of your problem ==== “A good solution to a well-posed decision problem is almost always a smarter choice than an excellent solution to a poorly posed one.” (16) Be creative about defining your problem; it is often broader than it first appears. The trigger that initiated the decision may suggest a relatively narrow problem, but upon reconsideration you learn that broader issues are involved and should be considered. For example, changes considered to deal with the trigger may open up complementary changes that would not be considered otherwise. (see p.18 for example) In defining the problem consider the following: What is the trigger? What are the constraints to the problem? What are the essential elements of the problem? What decisions impinge on or hinge upon this decision? Can this problem be broken into smaller parts? After you have asked and answered these questions, talk with others about this problem, either experts that have a similar problem before or non-experts that have your interests at heart. You may gain insight just from your explaining your thinking, as well as from any advice itself. Crafting an appropriate definition takes time, and it often can’t be done effectively in one sitting. Like the crafting of an introductory paragraph for a Freshman Studies paper, the problem definition often needs reworking as the body is developed. Like that introductory paragraph, keep revisiting it as your analysis proceeds. Reconsidering the problem definition is especially important when circumstances change rapidly or new information becomes available. Remember, if you have an inappropriate problem definition, at best, you may go very fast—but in the wrong direction. ;use your objectives and work backwards — ask “how?” :Make sure that each of the constraints that limit your alternatives is real. If not, eliminate it. Even if they are real, can you find any ways around these constraints? ;challenge constraints :Make sure that each of the constraints that limit your alternatives is real. If not, eliminate it. Even if they are real, can you find any ways around these constraints? ;set aspirations high :“One way to increase the chance of finding good, unconventional alternatives is to set targets that seem beyond reach.” (51) Start with an alternative with a great outcome, but one that is also infeasible, and then modify it to make it feasible. ;give your subconscious time to operate :Your mind doesn’t work just by direct attack. If you start on the problem early, you give yourself time to be reconsidering the problem in a “low” mode while doing something else (a shower? drifting off to sleep? working on another problem?). Sometimes good ideas come. Start early and give yourself the chance. ==== learn from others ==== Find out what you and others have done in similar situations. What lessons do you learn from these other situations? What could have been done better? Others may be able to provide some insights from earlier experience with similar situations or they may suggest new paths that you haven’t considered. Also, keep an open mind during your conversations with others. The primary benefit may not be the specific ideas that others provide, but simply the insights that you gain from organizing your thoughts into explanations and from answering questions. At the same time, talking with others first may limit you to their framework of the problem. Think about the problem first yourself, since you may find a new approach. ==== consider more alternatives ==== ;consider process alternatives :Especially when you need to justify your choice to others or have their approval, the best alternative may be a process for making a choice, rather than the choice itself. Could you use a voting mechanism? an auction? set standards that would then be applied after gathering more information? ;search for win-win alternatives :Again, especially when you need to justify your choice to others or have their approval, you should consider alternatives that make them better off as well as you. Put yourself in their shoes, and ask yourself how they might choose. Create alternatives where you both win. ;consider information-gathering alternatives :You may be dealing with important uncertainties. You might want to gather more information that would reduce this uncertainty. Another possibility is a choice that allows you to defer a complete decision that may allow you to gather useful information. Remember, though, that deferring a decision may mean other alternatives may disappear, and thus, have a price. (Consider how to deal with uncertainties and whether to gather more information with Chapters 7-9.) For the most part you want to generate as many alternatives as possible to evaluate later. Be careful not to eliminate seemingly bad alternatives if they might be transformed into good ones. Even alternatives with a fatal flaw might be modified to eliminate the flaw and yield an exceptional candidate. Also, throughout the decision-making process keep looking for alternatives. At the same time, some balance is needed here in considering new alternatives. You don’t want to spend time, money, and energy if there is no potential payoff. The model of your decision does not need to include all possible alternatives that may be taken—just all the possible best ones. Is the time, effort, and energy of this decision-making process with it? How much value and how much cost is likely to come from the extra effort? === Choose best among the feasible === Now that you’ve considered your decision problem and the alternative choices available to you, what do you really want to achieve? What are your goals? You need to know these goals to be able to evaluate your various alternatives. a procedure for uncovering your objectives write down all your concerns that you hope to address through your decision convert your concerns into succinct objectives; use short phrases with verb and object (e.g. maximize profit, raise chance of re-election, reduce pollution) separate ends from means to establish your fundamental objectives; these fundamental objectives will be used to evaluate the alternatives clarify what you mean with each objective test your objectives against several alternatives; are they consistent with your underlying feelings? ====understand the consequences of each alternative ==== From the choice of any alternative will come consequences, first the physical consequences, and then the consequences in terms of all of the objectives of your decision problem. *Describe the physical consequences with appropriate accuracy, completeness, and precision *Describe the consequences in terms of each of the objectives with a consequences table *#as much as possible, experience the consequences — try before you buy *#use common scales as much as possible *#use scales with the appropriate level of precision *#don’t rely exclusively on hard data; subjective assessments are important too *#make the most of available information *#use experts wisely; understand their assumptions as well as their conclusions *#address uncertainty head on ====consider the tradeoffs between different objectives of each of the alternatives ==== {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" ! ! colspan=5 | Options |- ! Goals || Job A || Job B || Job C || Job D || Job E |- !&nbsp;monthly salary&nbsp; | $2000 || $2400 || $1800 || $1900 || $2200 |- !flexibility of<br>work schedule | moderate || low || high || moderate || none |- !business skill<br>development | (4) computer || (1) manage people,<br>computer || (3) operations,<br>computer || (5) organization || (2) time management,<br>multiple tasking |- !vacation | 14 || 12 || 10 || 15 || 12 |- !benefits | Health, dental,<br>retirement || health, dental || health || health, retirement || health, dental |- !enjoyment | great || good || good || great || boring |} ==== eliminate dominated alternatives ==== With two alternatives, if the first is better in some objectives and no worse in any, the second alternative cannot be the best choice, and thus, can be eliminated. In the job example below, Job B is better than Job E with four objectives and equal with two. Therefore, eliminate Job E. ==== make tradeoffs clearer by subtracting equals==== In any comparison, since we are looking for differences to determine which is best, we can eliminate anything of equal value from all columns. We change the decision problem by substituting components of equal value, and then focus on differences, ignoring all parts of the outcomes that are of equal value. In the job example, we may eliminate $1800 of salary, health benefits, and 10 vacation days from all columns. Try to subtract the most easily identified equals first. When evaluating the differences, is there a common scale for some of the objectives? When the difference in the number of vacation days is small, one additional vacation day may be worth $100 to Vincent. This would then mean that the monthly salary and vacation days rows can be combined by adding the salary and the value of the extra vacation days. With this change, Job A dominates Job D, and Job D can be eliminated. Similarly, Vincent can hire someone to be with his ill father for those times that he could not be with him for $100 per month to make up the difference between low and high work schedule flexibility. After swapping $100 plus low flexibility for Job B with high flexibility for Job C, we find Job B now dominates Job C, and Job C can be eliminated. Now all that remains of Vincent’s decision problem is to choose between Job A and Job B. Vincent needs to decide if the higher enjoyment, retirement benefits, and extra work schedule flexibility is worth more or less than an extra $400 in salary and better skill development. Vincent determines that the retirement benefits and extra work schedule flexibility are worth $200, so he must compare whether the remainder, the higher enjoyment with A is worth more or less than an extra $200 in salary and better skill development. Often subtracting the most easily identified equals will allow enough alternatives to be eliminated that difficult tradeoffs may not be necessary to establish. Sometimes not, though. The tradeoffs may remain difficult. Unfortunately, no matter what choice you make, you are implicitly placing a value on these tradeoffs. You might as well confront the choices directly. Following the procedures above allows you to simplify your decision-making problem as much as possible to allow you to better understand the tradeoffs that you must face in your decision. == Modeling Behavior as Rational Decisions == Now we want to shift our focus. Instead of examining how some person should make a decision, we want to examine what decisions people actually make. We are most interested in predicting and explaining decisions that we see made in some social behavior of interest. To do this, we want to construct a model that incorporates the most important features of some social behavior of interest that would help us predict and explain what we see. In doing this, we are certainly willing to sacrifice a complete description of some people, their environment, or the resulting behavior, if we can describe in as simple a way as possible what will happen and why. === Create models that predict and explain behavior === {{SideBox|[[Image:Albert Einstein Head.jpg|right|120px]]<br>''Everything <br>should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler.'' <br>— Albert Einstein }} One must always remember that a model is not intended to describe the fullness of actual behavior. It is only a stripped down version of the real thing, but one designed to determine how important factors influence observed behavior. The modeler consciously includes only those factors that he feels are most important. Especially at the beginning of an investigation, he keeps the model extremely simple. Once the effect of those few factors of an early model are understood, then he includes another to determine its effect, then another, and then another. To test the resulting logic, he adds and subtracts various factors, and applies his new models to various environments. And he compares his predicted results to actual choices made in similar environments. But even at the end, factors that at times may have some influence over some behavior may be left out. For the questions asked, these factors may add nothing of importance in predictive power and, in their inclusion, add such difficulty to obscure the essence of an appropriate explanation. These factors should not ever be included; the simplifying assumptions that omit these factors are to be encouraged. Note that a model that predicts and explains best always remains a simplified version of the world; it is not intended to be a description of the real thing. Keeping a model simple not only improves the model's ability to explain, it also reduces the probability that mere chance explains the success of the model. A more parsimonious model, one that is more concise and simple, is more likely to be correct. We seek models that have parsimony. A model with power, one that explains a large number of phenomena, also reduces the probability that mere chance explains the success of the model. A model with more power is more likely to be correct. We seek models that have more power. <div style="background-color:#F9F9F9; border:1px solid #AAAAAA;"><center> :''What one generation of scientists knows, beyond any shadow of doubt, with a knowledge that is built into the very fabric of their world, <br>is precisely what the succeeding generation will challenge and overturn. <br>If you know something that strongly, you don't question it. If you don't question it, you're living by faith, not by science.'' <br>— Ian Stewart </center></div> At the same time, these models are not used within a vacuum. Each discipline shares common views and assumptions that they find most useful for making progress in their discipline. Some of the disciplines that study social behavior share paradigms based upon models of individuals furthering their own self interest. Some do not. An objective of this course is to demonstrate that, compared to other views that could be used in each discipline that studies social behavior, models of individuals furthering their own self interest appear to predict observed behavior reasonably well in many contexts, they seem to explain why this behavior is occurring relatively simply and with great power. These models have sufficiently wide applicability that they may offer a common paradigm for the study of all social behavior. For especially those disciplines where practioners do not now generally share this view, much work is needed to test this view against others and to reassess which views are likely to be the most useful for making progress in these disciplines. For these disciplines, we may be in the midst of paradigmatic revolution. === All models are wrong, but some are useful if . . . === {{SideBox|''All models are wrong, but some are useful.'' — George Box}} As would be expected if texts are needed to teach people how to make rational decisions, many actual decisions are made that do not meet the standards of a rational choice model. “Virtually no one believes that anything approximating such a procedure is observed in any individual or organization . . . for any number of . . . decision tasks that confront them. . . . Pure rationality strains credulity as a description of how decisions actually happen.” (March, 1994, 5) In many actual decisions, we find (March, 1994, 8-9): *Instead of considering all alternatives simultaneously, some decision makers appear to consider only a few of these alternatives and then look at them sequentially. *Some decision makers do not consider all of the consequences of their alternatives: they focus on some and ignore others. *Relevant information about consequences is not sought, and available information is often not used. *Some decision makers implicitly use preferences that are incomplete and inconsistent. *Some decision makers don’t choose their best alternative possible, but choose a choice that is good enough. To make models more consistent with these concerns, modern decision theory sometimes modifies the rational choice model by changing the knowledge of the decision makers, the number of decision makers, loosening the restrictions on their preferences, or changing the decision rules that they use. Most importantly, they allow limited rationality. With this limited rationality, decision makers intend to be rational, but they are constrained by limited cognitive capabilities and incomplete information, and thus their actions may be less than completely rational, at least when compared to those that would be selected with costless decision making, in spite of their best intentions and efforts. The internal costs of making a decision lead them to decide in ways inconsistent with the rational choice model that does not include these internal costs. Are these differences important for our purposes? Sometimes, sometimes not. For three reasons (or for combinations of these three reasons), the rational choice model can still remain appropriate. In some decisions, the rational choice model may model the decision making process quite well. When a great deal is at stake, when the decision making environment is one in which the decision maker has a great deal of experience, and when the decision making environment is relatively simple, decisions may be made rationally. For these situations, certainly, the rational choice model is perfectly appropriate to predict and to explain observed behavior. Determining the situations to which this model applies then becomes a critical question. In some other decisions, even when a decision maker does not decide as the rational choice model describes, she may act as if she does. For example, as a driver of an automobile, she may not know or understand all of the mechanics and physical forces at work in her car. Nevertheless, she has learned that when she moves her hands and feet in certain ways in certain situations, the car reacts in certain ways. With experience, she still may choose actions that maximize consistent preferences as if she understood all of this knowledge. The rational choice model would be perfectly appropriate to predict behavior in such situations. At the same time, it may be less valuable at explaining what is happening. The appropriateness of this model would then depend upon why we want to use it. In other decisions, the rational choice model may not even be able to predict individual decisions very well, but aggregate behavior or average behavior may be quite accurate. For example, for some economic good, the quantities demanded by some individual consumers in this market may not always match the predictions from the rational choice model, but the aggregate over all consumers, the market demand, may be quite accurate. Some consumers may choose a bit more than the model predicts, while others choose a bit less, so that the aggregate is quite accurate. If our concern is this aggregate or average behavior, the rational choice model is useful. A more complete, limited rationality model may allow the observed “noise” around the rational-choice prediction, but if introducing this limited rationality doesn’t introduce any bias in the central tendency, the greater simplicity of the rational choice model may be valuable itself. Remember that formal models have two purposes: We want to use them both to ''predict'' and to ''understand'' behavior under specified circumstances. These two purposes also have conflicting needs. Prediction usually improves if more and more factors that have any impact at all are included within the model. Understanding usually improves if fewer factors are included within the model. The goal then is to include only those factors that have an important effect without significantly changing the reasons behind the prediction. This means we always want to include any assumption that omits a factor that does not change the prediction of the model, a '''simplifying assumption''', but for other assumptions, how "important" the effect has to be and how "significant" a change in the reasons behind the prediction for some factor to be included within the model depends upon the questions to be asked of it. In any event, we will return later to consider how observed behavior sometimes does not match up with the predictions from our rational choice models. We reconsider situations where rational choice models seem more likely to apply, and how this might alter the models that we might want to use and when we might want to use them. Also, since we will be examining social behavior in many different contexts, we will look for similarities across many different types of social behavior. As a first attempt, we will assume that when reasonable people who have the same goals are put into similar situations, they tend to make similar choices. == Sources == * Hammond-Keeney-Raiffa (1999), ''Smart Choices'', Chapters 1-6 * Kuhn (1962), ''Scientific Revolutions'', 10-34 * Olson (1982), ''The Rise and Decline of Nations'', 12-16 * Shepsle-Bonchek (1997), ''Analyzing Politics'', Chapters 1-2 * Mankiw (2004), ''Principles of Microeconomics'', 19-23 == ''further reading'' == * Belsky-Gilovich (1999), ''Why Smart People Make Big Money Mistakes'' * Skinner (1999), ''Introduction to Decision Analysis'', Chapters 1-5, 7 * Luce-Raiffa (1957), ''Games and Decisions'', 12-19 * March (1994), ''Primer on Decision Making'', Chapters 1, 2, and 5 {{BookCat}} 5zyp2e1j234dcoredpecyikr9idr5ww 4634625 4634624 2026-05-07T09:54:33Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634625 wikitext text/x-wiki This chapter introduces you to the basics of decision theory and how it can be applied to improve your decisions. It starts with a review of material in ''Smart Choices'', a book written by John Hammond, Ralph Keeney, and Howard Raiffa, experts from the Harvard Business School in the field of decision theory and its application in business. (An MBA program is largely the study of how to improve decisions important to business, and decision theory is a key component of this study.) It continues with a discussion of our goals for models intended to help us predict and explain social behavior. We see that our modeling focuses only upon the most important factors necessary to predict and explain, even if we must sacrifice a complete or accurate description of the individual’s actual decision making process. == Components of a Good Decision == We want the models that we will eventually build throughout this course to help us in predicting and explaining social behavior around us. Since we will be examining a class of models based upon individuals choosing alternatives that promote their self interest, it will be important for us to know what it means exactly for a choice to be rational and to which situations different levels of rationality might fruitfully be applied. To help us understand “rationality” better, to help us in modeling what decisions are actually made, we will first consider advice on improving the rationality of your decisions, or what decisions should be made. How should you decide to best meet your goals? What constitutes a rational choice? Some decisions in your life will be fairly easy, but most of the important ones will be tough and complex with no obvious choice as the best. Even though a great deal may be at stake, for you and for those around you that you care about, with these tough decisions we risk anxiety from confusion and doubt and the fear of error, regret, and embarrassment. We want to provide you with an anxiety-reducing structure or process to help you with these important, tough decisions. === Find feasible alternatives === Decision theory separates the selection of choices to be considered feasible from how to choose among these choices. It, thus, separates the analysis of what is feasible from the analysis of what is good. Each of these two key steps can also be broken into key components. This divide-and-conquer approach is an important benefit from the use of decision theory. Your assumptions, data, and logic become clear, where they might not be otherwise. As we will see later, separating the analysis of the feasible from analysis of the good is a major benefit from the use of game theory as well. Ideally, you want to consider all possible feasible alternatives, rank them in order of your preferences, and then choose the best. In practice, the set of all possible alternatives may not be obvious. Further, many feasible options may be clearly sub-optimal, so for simplicity’s sake you might omit them from consideration. Even so, the alternatives in your model represent the range of potential choices you will have for pursuing your objectives. Since you’ll eventually be choosing the best among the alternatives that you consider, make sure that you include all possible best alternatives. ==== Reconsider the scope of your problem ==== “A good solution to a well-posed decision problem is almost always a smarter choice than an excellent solution to a poorly posed one.” (16) Be creative about defining your problem; it is often broader than it first appears. The trigger that initiated the decision may suggest a relatively narrow problem, but upon reconsideration you learn that broader issues are involved and should be considered. For example, changes considered to deal with the trigger may open up complementary changes that would not be considered otherwise. (see p.18 for example) In defining the problem consider the following: What is the trigger? What are the constraints to the problem? What are the essential elements of the problem? What decisions impinge on or hinge upon this decision? Can this problem be broken into smaller parts? After you have asked and answered these questions, talk with others about this problem, either experts that have a similar problem before or non-experts that have your interests at heart. You may gain insight just from your explaining your thinking, as well as from any advice itself. Crafting an appropriate definition takes time, and it often can’t be done effectively in one sitting. Like the crafting of an introductory paragraph for a Freshman Studies paper, the problem definition often needs reworking as the body is developed. Like that introductory paragraph, keep revisiting it as your analysis proceeds. Reconsidering the problem definition is especially important when circumstances change rapidly or new information becomes available. Remember, if you have an inappropriate problem definition, at best, you may go very fast—but in the wrong direction. ;use your objectives and work backwards — ask “how?” :Make sure that each of the constraints that limit your alternatives is real. If not, eliminate it. Even if they are real, can you find any ways around these constraints? ;challenge constraints :Make sure that each of the constraints that limit your alternatives is real. If not, eliminate it. Even if they are real, can you find any ways around these constraints? ;set aspirations high :“One way to increase the chance of finding good, unconventional alternatives is to set targets that seem beyond reach.” (51) Start with an alternative with a great outcome, but one that is also infeasible, and then modify it to make it feasible. ;give your subconscious time to operate :Your mind doesn’t work just by direct attack. If you start on the problem early, you give yourself time to be reconsidering the problem in a “low” mode while doing something else (a shower? drifting off to sleep? working on another problem?). Sometimes good ideas come. Start early and give yourself the chance. ==== learn from others ==== Find out what you and others have done in similar situations. What lessons do you learn from these other situations? What could have been done better? Others may be able to provide some insights from earlier experience with similar situations or they may suggest new paths that you haven’t considered. Also, keep an open mind during your conversations with others. The primary benefit may not be the specific ideas that others provide, but simply the insights that you gain from organizing your thoughts into explanations and from answering questions. At the same time, talking with others first may limit you to their framework of the problem. Think about the problem first yourself, since you may find a new approach. ==== consider more alternatives ==== ;consider process alternatives :Especially when you need to justify your choice to others or have their approval, the best alternative may be a process for making a choice, rather than the choice itself. Could you use a voting mechanism? an auction? set standards that would then be applied after gathering more information? ;search for win-win alternatives :Again, especially when you need to justify your choice to others or have their approval, you should consider alternatives that make them better off as well as you. Put yourself in their shoes, and ask yourself how they might choose. Create alternatives where you both win. ;consider information-gathering alternatives :You may be dealing with important uncertainties. You might want to gather more information that would reduce this uncertainty. Another possibility is a choice that allows you to defer a complete decision that may allow you to gather useful information. Remember, though, that deferring a decision may mean other alternatives may disappear, and thus, have a price. (Consider how to deal with uncertainties and whether to gather more information with Chapters 7-9.) For the most part you want to generate as many alternatives as possible to evaluate later. Be careful not to eliminate seemingly bad alternatives if they might be transformed into good ones. Even alternatives with a fatal flaw might be modified to eliminate the flaw and yield an exceptional candidate. Also, throughout the decision-making process keep looking for alternatives. At the same time, some balance is needed here in considering new alternatives. You don’t want to spend time, money, and energy if there is no potential payoff. The model of your decision does not need to include all possible alternatives that may be taken—just all the possible best ones. Is the time, effort, and energy of this decision-making process with it? How much value and how much cost is likely to come from the extra effort? === Choose best among the feasible === Now that you’ve considered your decision problem and the alternative choices available to you, what do you really want to achieve? What are your goals? You need to know these goals to be able to evaluate your various alternatives. a procedure for uncovering your objectives write down all your concerns that you hope to address through your decision convert your concerns into succinct objectives; use short phrases with verb and object (e.g. maximize profit, raise chance of re-election, reduce pollution) separate ends from means to establish your fundamental objectives; these fundamental objectives will be used to evaluate the alternatives clarify what you mean with each objective test your objectives against several alternatives; are they consistent with your underlying feelings? ====understand the consequences of each alternative ==== From the choice of any alternative will come consequences, first the physical consequences, and then the consequences in terms of all of the objectives of your decision problem. *Describe the physical consequences with appropriate accuracy, completeness, and precision *Describe the consequences in terms of each of the objectives with a consequences table *#as much as possible, experience the consequences — try before you buy *#use common scales as much as possible *#use scales with the appropriate level of precision *#don’t rely exclusively on hard data; subjective assessments are important too *#make the most of available information *#use experts wisely; understand their assumptions as well as their conclusions *#address uncertainty head on ====consider the tradeoffs between different objectives of each of the alternatives ==== {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" ! ! colspan=5 | Options |- ! Goals || Job A || Job B || Job C || Job D || Job E |- !&nbsp;monthly salary&nbsp; | $2000 || $2400 || $1800 || $1900 || $2200 |- !flexibility of<br>work schedule | moderate || low || high || moderate || none |- !business skill<br>development | (4) computer || (1) manage people,<br>computer || (3) operations,<br>computer || (5) organization || (2) time management,<br>multiple tasking |- !vacation | 14 || 12 || 10 || 15 || 12 |- !benefits | Health, dental,<br>retirement || health, dental || health || health, retirement || health, dental |- !enjoyment | great || good || good || great || boring |} ==== eliminate dominated alternatives ==== With two alternatives, if the first is better in some objectives and no worse in any, the second alternative cannot be the best choice, and thus, can be eliminated. In the job example below, Job B is better than Job E with four objectives and equal with two. Therefore, eliminate Job E. ==== make tradeoffs clearer by subtracting equals==== In any comparison, since we are looking for differences to determine which is best, we can eliminate anything of equal value from all columns. We change the decision problem by substituting components of equal value, and then focus on differences, ignoring all parts of the outcomes that are of equal value. In the job example, we may eliminate $1800 of salary, health benefits, and 10 vacation days from all columns. Try to subtract the most easily identified equals first. When evaluating the differences, is there a common scale for some of the objectives? When the difference in the number of vacation days is small, one additional vacation day may be worth $100 to Vincent. This would then mean that the monthly salary and vacation days rows can be combined by adding the salary and the value of the extra vacation days. With this change, Job A dominates Job D, and Job D can be eliminated. Similarly, Vincent can hire someone to be with his ill father for those times that he could not be with him for $100 per month to make up the difference between low and high work schedule flexibility. After swapping $100 plus low flexibility for Job B with high flexibility for Job C, we find Job B now dominates Job C, and Job C can be eliminated. Now all that remains of Vincent’s decision problem is to choose between Job A and Job B. Vincent needs to decide if the higher enjoyment, retirement benefits, and extra work schedule flexibility is worth more or less than an extra $400 in salary and better skill development. Vincent determines that the retirement benefits and extra work schedule flexibility are worth $200, so he must compare whether the remainder, the higher enjoyment with A is worth more or less than an extra $200 in salary and better skill development. Often subtracting the most easily identified equals will allow enough alternatives to be eliminated that difficult tradeoffs may not be necessary to establish. Sometimes not, though. The tradeoffs may remain difficult. Unfortunately, no matter what choice you make, you are implicitly placing a value on these tradeoffs. You might as well confront the choices directly. Following the procedures above allows you to simplify your decision-making problem as much as possible to allow you to better understand the tradeoffs that you must face in your decision. == Modeling Behavior as Rational Decisions == Now we want to shift our focus. Instead of examining how some person should make a decision, we want to examine what decisions people actually make. We are most interested in predicting and explaining decisions that we see made in some social behavior of interest. To do this, we want to construct a model that incorporates the most important features of some social behavior of interest that would help us predict and explain what we see. In doing this, we are certainly willing to sacrifice a complete description of some people, their environment, or the resulting behavior, if we can describe in as simple a way as possible what will happen and why. === Create models that predict and explain behavior === {{SideBox|[[Image:Albert Einstein Head.jpg|right|120px]]<br>''Everything <br>should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler.'' <br>— Albert Einstein }} One must always remember that a model is not intended to describe the fullness of actual behavior. It is only a stripped down version of the real thing, but one designed to determine how important factors influence observed behavior. The modeler consciously includes only those factors that he feels are most important. Especially at the beginning of an investigation, he keeps the model extremely simple. Once the effect of those few factors of an early model are understood, then he includes another to determine its effect, then another, and then another. To test the resulting logic, he adds and subtracts various factors, and applies his new models to various environments. And he compares his predicted results to actual choices made in similar environments. But even at the end, factors that at times may have some influence over some behavior may be left out. For the questions asked, these factors may add nothing of importance in predictive power and, in their inclusion, add such difficulty to obscure the essence of an appropriate explanation. These factors should not ever be included; the simplifying assumptions that omit these factors are to be encouraged. Note that a model that predicts and explains best always remains a simplified version of the world; it is not intended to be a description of the real thing. Keeping a model simple not only improves the model's ability to explain, it also reduces the probability that mere chance explains the success of the model. A more parsimonious model, one that is more concise and simple, is more likely to be correct. We seek models that have parsimony. A model with power, one that explains a large number of phenomena, also reduces the probability that mere chance explains the success of the model. A model with more power is more likely to be correct. We seek models that have more power. <div style="background-color:#F9F9F9; border:1px solid #AAAAAA;">{{center/top}} :''What one generation of scientists knows, beyond any shadow of doubt, with a knowledge that is built into the very fabric of their world, <br>is precisely what the succeeding generation will challenge and overturn. <br>If you know something that strongly, you don't question it. If you don't question it, you're living by faith, not by science.'' <br>— Ian Stewart {{center/end}}</div> At the same time, these models are not used within a vacuum. Each discipline shares common views and assumptions that they find most useful for making progress in their discipline. Some of the disciplines that study social behavior share paradigms based upon models of individuals furthering their own self interest. Some do not. An objective of this course is to demonstrate that, compared to other views that could be used in each discipline that studies social behavior, models of individuals furthering their own self interest appear to predict observed behavior reasonably well in many contexts, they seem to explain why this behavior is occurring relatively simply and with great power. These models have sufficiently wide applicability that they may offer a common paradigm for the study of all social behavior. For especially those disciplines where practioners do not now generally share this view, much work is needed to test this view against others and to reassess which views are likely to be the most useful for making progress in these disciplines. For these disciplines, we may be in the midst of paradigmatic revolution. === All models are wrong, but some are useful if . . . === {{SideBox|''All models are wrong, but some are useful.'' — George Box}} As would be expected if texts are needed to teach people how to make rational decisions, many actual decisions are made that do not meet the standards of a rational choice model. “Virtually no one believes that anything approximating such a procedure is observed in any individual or organization . . . for any number of . . . decision tasks that confront them. . . . Pure rationality strains credulity as a description of how decisions actually happen.” (March, 1994, 5) In many actual decisions, we find (March, 1994, 8-9): *Instead of considering all alternatives simultaneously, some decision makers appear to consider only a few of these alternatives and then look at them sequentially. *Some decision makers do not consider all of the consequences of their alternatives: they focus on some and ignore others. *Relevant information about consequences is not sought, and available information is often not used. *Some decision makers implicitly use preferences that are incomplete and inconsistent. *Some decision makers don’t choose their best alternative possible, but choose a choice that is good enough. To make models more consistent with these concerns, modern decision theory sometimes modifies the rational choice model by changing the knowledge of the decision makers, the number of decision makers, loosening the restrictions on their preferences, or changing the decision rules that they use. Most importantly, they allow limited rationality. With this limited rationality, decision makers intend to be rational, but they are constrained by limited cognitive capabilities and incomplete information, and thus their actions may be less than completely rational, at least when compared to those that would be selected with costless decision making, in spite of their best intentions and efforts. The internal costs of making a decision lead them to decide in ways inconsistent with the rational choice model that does not include these internal costs. Are these differences important for our purposes? Sometimes, sometimes not. For three reasons (or for combinations of these three reasons), the rational choice model can still remain appropriate. In some decisions, the rational choice model may model the decision making process quite well. When a great deal is at stake, when the decision making environment is one in which the decision maker has a great deal of experience, and when the decision making environment is relatively simple, decisions may be made rationally. For these situations, certainly, the rational choice model is perfectly appropriate to predict and to explain observed behavior. Determining the situations to which this model applies then becomes a critical question. In some other decisions, even when a decision maker does not decide as the rational choice model describes, she may act as if she does. For example, as a driver of an automobile, she may not know or understand all of the mechanics and physical forces at work in her car. Nevertheless, she has learned that when she moves her hands and feet in certain ways in certain situations, the car reacts in certain ways. With experience, she still may choose actions that maximize consistent preferences as if she understood all of this knowledge. The rational choice model would be perfectly appropriate to predict behavior in such situations. At the same time, it may be less valuable at explaining what is happening. The appropriateness of this model would then depend upon why we want to use it. In other decisions, the rational choice model may not even be able to predict individual decisions very well, but aggregate behavior or average behavior may be quite accurate. For example, for some economic good, the quantities demanded by some individual consumers in this market may not always match the predictions from the rational choice model, but the aggregate over all consumers, the market demand, may be quite accurate. Some consumers may choose a bit more than the model predicts, while others choose a bit less, so that the aggregate is quite accurate. If our concern is this aggregate or average behavior, the rational choice model is useful. A more complete, limited rationality model may allow the observed “noise” around the rational-choice prediction, but if introducing this limited rationality doesn’t introduce any bias in the central tendency, the greater simplicity of the rational choice model may be valuable itself. Remember that formal models have two purposes: We want to use them both to ''predict'' and to ''understand'' behavior under specified circumstances. These two purposes also have conflicting needs. Prediction usually improves if more and more factors that have any impact at all are included within the model. Understanding usually improves if fewer factors are included within the model. The goal then is to include only those factors that have an important effect without significantly changing the reasons behind the prediction. This means we always want to include any assumption that omits a factor that does not change the prediction of the model, a '''simplifying assumption''', but for other assumptions, how "important" the effect has to be and how "significant" a change in the reasons behind the prediction for some factor to be included within the model depends upon the questions to be asked of it. In any event, we will return later to consider how observed behavior sometimes does not match up with the predictions from our rational choice models. We reconsider situations where rational choice models seem more likely to apply, and how this might alter the models that we might want to use and when we might want to use them. Also, since we will be examining social behavior in many different contexts, we will look for similarities across many different types of social behavior. As a first attempt, we will assume that when reasonable people who have the same goals are put into similar situations, they tend to make similar choices. == Sources == * Hammond-Keeney-Raiffa (1999), ''Smart Choices'', Chapters 1-6 * Kuhn (1962), ''Scientific Revolutions'', 10-34 * Olson (1982), ''The Rise and Decline of Nations'', 12-16 * Shepsle-Bonchek (1997), ''Analyzing Politics'', Chapters 1-2 * Mankiw (2004), ''Principles of Microeconomics'', 19-23 == ''further reading'' == * Belsky-Gilovich (1999), ''Why Smart People Make Big Money Mistakes'' * Skinner (1999), ''Introduction to Decision Analysis'', Chapters 1-5, 7 * Luce-Raiffa (1957), ''Games and Decisions'', 12-19 * March (1994), ''Primer on Decision Making'', Chapters 1, 2, and 5 {{BookCat}} q44r29quc07w0q5cj8nm7w8z7tvqlk8 0 89559 4634623 4627805 2026-05-07T09:53:35Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634623 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Sexual Health}} Sexual reproduction requires genes from two different individuals, a male and a female. To produce healthy infants these individuals should not be closely related, since natural selection suggests that the greater diversity of parents, the better chance of adaptation and thus survival the infant will enjoy. {{wikipedia|Female reproductive system (human)}}{{wikipedia|Male reproductive system (human)}} == Puberty == {{SideBox|'''Note:'''<br>Puberty can happen anywhere from 8 years old to 14 years old.}} Puberty is the phase of development that begins the sexual processes. In females, puberty triggers the beginning of the '''menstrual cycle''', and the development of the breasts. In males, puberty causes the penis and testicles to grow in size, and signals the beginning of nocturnal emissions and sperm production. In anyone, puberty causes body hair (and facial hair, in males) to begin appearing. During puberty, hair will start to grow under the armpits, in the groin, and on the chest and back. Leg and arm hair will also become thicker and darker. ==Chest, Nipples, and Breasts== In both sexes, nipples and the areas around them are frequently sensitive and responsive to sexual contact. Nipples may be soft or erect. Nipples become erect in response to changes in temperature, sexual contact, and other stimuli. In the tissue surrounding the nipples, both males and females have milk ducts. In females, these glands are stimulated to produce milk by the hormones associated with pregnancy and delivery. In both sexes, certain kinds of nipple stimulation (such as from a breast pump), certain drugs, and certain hormonal disorders may cause non-pregnancy related milk production. In females, fatty tissue is formed around the nipples during puberty. These are referred to as breasts, although the entire area may be referred to as a female's chest. In males, this area is simply referred to as the chest. ==Male== ===Anatomy=== The male genitals consist of the penis and the testicles. The apparent size of a male genitalia depends on a number of factors, as they become pendulous (hanging down) when warm and relaxed but withdraw tight against the groin when experiencing cold or fear. This may have provided an evolutionary advantage to our ancestors. ==== Penis ==== The penis is a long, tube-like organ that is in the front of a man's body, in the groin area. The base of the penis connects in the groin (lower middle abdomen between the legs. The length of the penis is unimportant for reproduction, fertility or manliness, and can vary between 5cm and 20cm (2-8 inches) with an average of about 13cm (5 inches) for an erect adult over age 18. The middle area (the "shaft" of the penis) terminates in a pink gland where the urethra is exposed (the "head" of the penis). The base of the penis is frequently covered in pubic hair. The head of the penis is covered by the foreskin, which can be pulled back to expose the head itself. Men who are '''circumsized''' have had their foreskins removed (typically as infants). {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" ! colspan=2 | Parts of a penis |- | [[Image:Penis parts.png]] | Diagram of the penis showing:<br> a) Scrotum <br> b) Shaft <br> c) Glans <br> d) Foreskin |} The penis can be either "flaccid" (hanging down, soft, small) or "erect" (pointing upwards or outwards, hard, larger and longer). A penis is flaccid most of the time, and urination is difficult or impossible whilst the penis is erect. A penis becomes erect (tumescent or '''hard''') in anticipation of sexual intercourse. Anticipation is not necessarily under conscious control, and erections can occur for no obvious reason. Orgasm (sexual climax or '''The Feeling''') is difficult or impossible whilst the penis is flaccid. Ejaculation of semen usually but not necessarily occurs simultaneously with orgasm. Pre-emission refers to naturally produced fluid lubricant which may sometimes be excreted prior to ejaculation. ==== Testicles ==== The testicles hang below the penis, and are covered by a patch of skin called the '''scrotum'''. The scrotum is typically covered in pubic hair, and is sensitive to sexual contact. Testicles produce sperm, and the hormone called "testosterone", among other things. Testosterone is a hormone that causes men to develop male secondary sex characters. The testicles must remain several degrees below normal body temperature to produce healthy sperm. This is the reason why the testicles hang outside of the body in the scrotum. The muscles in the scrotum can expand and contract, to change the shape of the scrotum. If a man is hot, the muscles in the scrotum will lengthen, causing the testicles to move away from the body (thus cooling off the testicles). If a man is cold, the muscles in the scrotum will shorten, causing the testicles to move closer to the body (warming up the testicles). Testicles may swell uncomfortably if a male has extended sexual stimulation without ejaculation. This is colloquially known as "blue balls" and is not a harmful condition. Testicular cancer is one of the most common cancers in young men. It is important for men to examine their size and shape is constant on a regular basis, and do not produce pain when handled gently. If there is any change, an early consultation without delay is essential for effective treatment. ====Vas deferens==== Each testicle has a tiny duct connecting it to the penis. These ducts are known as the vas deferens, and they are the path sperm take from the testicles into the penis during ejaculation. It is these ducts that are severed in a vasectomy (male sterilization). If conducted before puberty, vasectomy can arrest sexual development, as in medieval Castrati (male singers) in whom cutting the vas deferens was said to make a vast difference (to the voice). Their testicles were not usually removed (actual castration) Such interventions are now strictly prohibited as a serious affront to the boy's human rights, since he can not give informed consent for life-changing operations at such a young age. ==== Semen ==== '''Semen''' is a combination of fluids from multiple glands, and sperm from the testicles. During ejaculation, semen comes out of the erect penis. In some cases, semen squirts or shoots out vigorously, while at other times the semen oozes out slowly and does not travel any distance. Both situations are normal, and both force and volume of ejaculation is unimportant. Semen can carry STDs and other germs into a partner, so contact with semen should be minimized, and condom protection should always be used during any overtly sexual activity. Some people choose to take semen into their mouth, and may swallow semen as well. Oral ingestion of semen is not likely to be harmful, but there are no health benefits. There is some risk of transmission of STDs, especially if there are open wounds or sores in the mouth or on the lips. For this reason, it is recommended that people should use protection such as a condom when performing oral sex (described later), and get tested for STDs regularly. ==== Prostate ==== The '''prostate''' is one of the glands that contributes fluid to semen. The prostate can be stimulated directly through the perineum (skin between the testicles and anus) or from inside the anus, a practice that some men find pleasurable. Prostates are at risk for developing cancer, especially in older men. For this reason, men should get prostate exams regularly <!--beginning at what age? --> to check for cancer and other disorders. === Nocturnal Emissions === Boys of any age may naturally become aroused during sleep and may experience orgasm voluntarily or involuntarily. Those who have passed puberty can experience a phenomenon known as "nocturnal emission". Nocturnal emissions occur at night, while sleeping, and are involuntary releases semen while sleeping. Typically, the emission of semen is the first sign that a young man has reached puberty and is producing sperm normally. Nocturnal emissions may occur more frequently when ejaculation is not achieved consciously on a regular basis. == Female == ===Anatomy=== Unlike the male penis and testicles, female reproductive anatomy is almost entirely internal. The components that are externally visible are known as the vulva. ====Vulva==== [[Image:Vulva anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|Diagram of a vulva with component parts labeled.]] There is a small structure called the '''clitoris''' at the front of the vulva. The clitoris is very sensitive to stimulation. During fetal development, the cells that in males develop into the penis, in females develop into the clitoris. The clitoris has more nerve endings than a male's penis, and even light stimulation can cause sensations of pain or discomfort. The clitoris is surrounded by folds of flesh known as the clitoral hood. The clitoral hood can be pulled back to expose the tip of the clitoris underneath. Immediately below the clitoris is the urethra. This opening is connected to the bladder, and is where urine is expelled. The largest feature of the vulva is the vaginal canal, or vagina. The vaginal canal is a fleshy tube, between 3-5 inches deep (but made of stretchable membranes) that opens between the legs, and connects to the uterus. On each side of the vaginal opening is a Bartholin's gland. The vaginal canal and Bartholin's glands produce lubricating fluid in response to sexual stimulus. Sometimes these glands become clogged, and develop into a Bartholin's cyst. Usually these cysts resolve on their own, but if they are painful, unusually large, or persist for a long period of time, they should be evaluated by a doctor. Inside the vagina, toward the front of the body, is an area of spongy tissue known as the Gräfenberg spot, or G-spot. This tissue may be related to Skene's glands (the female equivalent of the prostate), or may connect to the interior portion of the clitoris. Some women find stimulation of this area enjoyable. The clitoris, urethra, and the vaginal opening are surrounded on both sides by the labial lips. The labia is divided into an inner and an outer set of lips, "the labia minora" and "the labia majora", respectively. The labia serve as protective coverings for the clitoris and the vaginal canal, and are also responsive to sexual contact. It is more common for the labia majora to be larger and completely enclose the labia minora. However, it is also normal for the labia minora to be larger and protrude somewhat from the labia majora. ==== Cervix ==== [[Image:Scheme_female_reproductive_system-en.svg|thumb|right|A pictorial illustration of the female reproductive system.]] The cervix is the muscle connecting the uterus and the vaginal canal. The opening in the cervix is called the cervical os. The size of the os changes throughout a woman's menstrual cycle, being more open during menstruation, and also near ovulation, and more closed at other times. The rigidity of the cervix also varies, from being soft like a person's lips, to being more firm like a person's nose. Glands inside the cervix, known as cervical crypts, produce a substance known as cervical mucus or cervical fluid. Cervical mucus is usually thick, sticky, and acidic (to help kill any infectious microorganisms, and to physically block the entrance into the uterus). In the several days before ovulation, however, cervical mucus increases in water content, becomes less acidic, and develops a texture that helps guide sperm into the uterus. At this time, cervical mucus may resemble hand lotion, or raw egg white. Cervical cancer is caused by certain strains of HPV, a sexually transmitted disease. It is important to use barrier protection during intercourse to reduce the risk of STDs, and for sexually active women to receive regular pap smears to screen for precancerous changes. ==== Uterus ==== The uterus is a pear-shaped organ about the size of a fist. Two small conduits, called '''fallopian tubes''' extend from each side of the uterus. Each fallopian tube ends with a structure called a fimbria, which catches eggs after ovulation and guides them into the fallopian tube. The lining of the uterus is called the endometrium. Several days before ovulation, the endometrium begins to become thicker and grows new blood vessels. If pregnancy does not occur, the endometrium is shed approximately two weeks after ovulation. This shedding of the endometrium is known as menstruation. ==== Ovaries ==== The ovaries are the location of a female's gametes (eggs), and are analogous to the male testicles (which contain the male gametes, sperm). Ovaries release eggs, also called ova (or ovum if it is just one) into the '''fallopian tubes'''. Ovaries also produce '''estrogen''', which is the dominant female sex hormone. Estrogen causes the body to feminize, and is the reason why women grow breasts, and undergo other changes at puberty. {{-}} === Menstrual Cycle === Human females begin menstruating, or having periods, as part of puberty. A girl's first menstruation is called ''menarche'', and usually happens between the ages of eight and sixteen. After menarche, menstruation typically continues to occur at regular intervals - this is called a ''menstrual cycle''. Women stop having menstrual cycles when they enter ''menopause'', most commonly between the ages of forty-five and fifty-eight. {{wikipedia|Menstrual cycle}} The bleeding of menstruation is the most obvious part of the menstrual cycle. However, there is one other important feature: ovulation. The time between menstruation and ovulation is called the ''follicular phase'', because this is when follicles on the ovaries begin growing. On average, the follicular phase lasts fourteen days, however this varies widely from woman to woman and also from cycle to cycle. When one of the growing follicles reaches maturity, the ovum (egg) bursts through the ovarian wall. This event is known as ovulation. (The remaining follicles atrophy, or die). Many women experience pain associated with ovulation - this is called ''mittelschmerz''. The time between ovulation and menstruation is on average fourteen days, however this may vary from woman to woman. Some women have post-ovulatory, or ''luteal phases'' of ten days, while others may have luteal phases sixteen days long. ==== PMS and PMDD ==== Prior to menstruation, a woman can experience certain hormonal and chemical changes in her body that can lead to a period of physical and psychological stress known as '''premenstrual syndrome''', or PMS. PMS is usually characterized by cramping, bloating and water retention, moodiness and discomfort. PMS is not always experienced, and it is not experienced in all women, but it is considered a normal part of the menstrual cycle. However, some women experience an extreme form of PMS known as '''Premenstral dysphoric disorder''', or PMDD. PMDD is a more serious condition characterized by extreme moodiness, mood swings, and depression. PMDD can frequently be treated medically with success. == See Also == *[[Human Physiology/The female reproductive system]] *[[Human Physiology/The male reproductive system]] {{BookCat}} ifduh9s6fs8do2w597c7lvavqbpoc3x 10 89897 4634470 4584235 2026-05-06T17:57:22Z Codename Noreste 3441010 + 4634470 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Template:Collapsible/styles.css" /><includeonly><!-- --><div class="collapsible {{#ifeq:{{{expand|no}}}|yes|selected}}" style="{{{style|clear both; border:thin solid rgb(167, 215, 249); background-color:rgba(192, 192, 192, 0.08); color: inherit}}}"><!-- --><div class="title" style="{{{titlestyle|font-weight:bold; color:inherit;}}}"><!-- -->{{#if:{{{name|}}}|<div style="float:left; white-space:nowrap; font-size:x-small;" class="plainlinks"><!-- -->[[Template:{{{name}}}|&nbsp;<span style="color:#002bb8" title="View this template.">v</span>]]&nbsp;<!-- -->[[Template talk:{{{name}}}|<span style="color:#002bb8" title="Discuss this template.">d</span>]]&nbsp;<!-- -->[{{fullurl:Template:{{{name}}}|action=edit}} <span style="color:#002bb8" title="Edit this template.">e</span>]</div>}}<!-- -->{{{title}}}</div><!-- --><div class="body {{#ifeq:{{{print|no}}}|yes|expand-print}}" style="{{{bodystyle|padding:0.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:left; color: inherit}}}"> {{{1|{{{body}}}}}} </div></div></includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 9gdvqe6d4ubbdfa63ftikjsx5tmngqk 4634472 4634470 2026-05-06T18:01:19Z Codename Noreste 3441010 Undoing, it appears weird. 4634472 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><!-- --><div class="collapsible {{#ifeq:{{{expand|no}}}|yes|selected}}" style="{{{style|clear both; border:thin solid rgb(167, 215, 249); background-color:rgba(192, 192, 192, 0.08); color: inherit}}}"><!-- --><div class="title" style="{{{titlestyle|font-weight:bold; color:inherit;}}}"><!-- -->{{#if:{{{name|}}}|<div style="float:left; white-space:nowrap; font-size:x-small;" class="plainlinks"><!-- -->[[Template:{{{name}}}|&nbsp;<span style="color:#002bb8" title="View this template.">v</span>]]&nbsp;<!-- -->[[Template talk:{{{name}}}|<span style="color:#002bb8" title="Discuss this template.">d</span>]]&nbsp;<!-- -->[{{fullurl:Template:{{{name}}}|action=edit}} <span style="color:#002bb8" title="Edit this template.">e</span>]</div>}}<!-- -->{{{title}}}</div><!-- --><div class="body {{#ifeq:{{{print|no}}}|yes|expand-print}}" style="{{{bodystyle|padding:0.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:left; color: inherit}}}"> {{{1|{{{body}}}}}} </div></div></includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> danvhwteq1nmfoitkchdw5qixjzfsbv 0 91230 4634577 3592022 2026-05-07T08:51:20Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634577 wikitext text/x-wiki This article was written by Andrew Lindesay (http://www.lindesay.co.nz) around May 2005. It first appeared as LaTeX PDF and has been transcribed into this Wiki. You use the information contained in this document at your own risk. Please contact the author if you feel there may have been an error in the conversion to Wiki markup. == Abstract == From WebObjects 5.2, it has been possible to derive a build product from a WebObjects application project that can be deployed into a J2EE servlet container. This article shows how it is possible to deploy a WebObjects 5.2 application into a Tomcat environment and achieve a very similar topology to the ”native” WebObjects deploy. == Introduction == This document was originally written assuming a Tomcat 5 deployment, but after some difficulties with web services and AXIS, I have modified this document to also cater for a Tomcat 3 deployment. This document covers both circumstances. == Assumptions == This article assumes the following: * WebObjects 5.2 (likely to work fine with newer versions) * Java 1.4 * Latest Tomcat release of version 5 (5.5.12 at the time of writing) or 3 (3.3.2 at the time of writing) * Some sort of UNIX deployment. * The reader has some conception of the concepts behind servlet technology. * The reader is familiar with a standard WebObjects deployment topology which will be referred to as ''wotaskd'' deployment. For the purposes of this document, it is assumed that Tomcat has been installed at a directory on the local disc called <tt>$TOMCATDIR</tt>. It is also assumed that you will have another directory with the files required to configure and run an instance called <tt>$INSTDIR</tt>. It is assumed also that you will have a directory called <tt>$JKDIR</tt> with the Tomcat apache adaptor in it. In this article, some configuration files require the paths to be shown and these are tabulated below. {|style="margin:auto;" | <tt>$TOMCATDIR</tt> | <tt>/opt/tomcat</tt> |- | <tt>$INSTDIR</tt> | <tt>/opt/fooapp</tt> |- | <tt>$JKDIR</tt> | <tt>/opt/modjk</tt> |} In reality, these directories could be located anywhere. === Objective === The objective of this article is to show that a WebObjects application can be deployed into a servlet container and keep some of the desirable attributes of a WebObjects deployment topology. Some of these traits are itemised below. * Clustering over a number of hardware nodes to prevent system downtime from a single hardware failure incident. * Clustering over a number of virtual machine ''instances'' on each hardware node to avoid downtime from a single software failure incident. * Ability to make efficient use of lower cost server hardware rather than encouraging use of large, expensive servers. * Make maximum use of memory availabile in each virtual machine as cache to minimise database traffic and lower stress on the database server. * Ability to make sessions "sticky" to a given virtual machine ''instance'', whilst being multiplexed through a single web server front-end adaptor. * Ability to load-balance requests to instances which are operational. A standard WebObjects deployment topology is shown in the figure below alongside what is to be achieved with Tomcat. A typical J2EE deployment may have a different topology from this. [[Image:wo-tomcat-deploy-topology.gif]] == Servlet Build Products == Creating a servlet build product from a WebObjects application project is covered in some depth by documentation that is supplied by Apple for WebObjects. This is not going to be repeated here, but here is a brief overview of the process. * Include the <tt>JavaWOJSPServlet.framework</tt> framework into your project. * In the build settings, set the <tt>SERVLET_SINGLE_DIR_DEPLOY</tt> value to <tt>YES</tt> to create the most trouble-free form of deployment servlet. * Edit the <tt>SERVLET_DEPLOY_LICENSE</tt> to contain your valid deployment license key if you need one for the version of WebObjects you are using. * Edit the <tt>SERVLET_WEBAPPS_DIR</tt> to point to <tt>$INSTDIR/webapps/</tt> or some place where you want the build product to go. Now when you choose a ''Deployment'' build, you will also get the servlet assembled. The end result is a directory structure similar to that shown in the figure below. [[Image:wo-tomcat-ssd-filelayout-3.gif]] == Removing the DOCTYPE from .plist Files == Many property-list files (often called plist files) have a document type at the top. This can refer to files on a MacOS-X machine or to files on Apple servers. In either case this can cause problems with deployments which are not on MacOS-X servers. The following script can be run with the argument of the <tt>WEB-INF</tt> folder to remove these. The WebObjects application runs fine without this information in the plist files. This script can easily be incorporated one way or another as a step in the build process for your WebObjects project. <pre> # [apl 3.may.2006] # This will remove any DOCTYPE's from the top of plists so that # they do not attempt to validate the DTD which is either # extracted from /System or the internet over HTTP. if [ -z $1 ]; then echo "syntax: stripdocype.sh <directory>" exit 1 fi for PLISTFILE in `find $1 -name *.plist` do sed \ '/<!DOCTYPE [^>]*>/s/.*//' \ $PLISTFILE \ > /tmp/remove-plist-temp cp /tmp/remove-plist-temp $PLISTFILE done </pre> == Application Configuration with Tomcat == A WebObjects project with servlet support has a file called <tt>web.xml.template</tt> in it. By default, this is located in <tt>/Resources/Servlet Resources/WEB-INF</tt> in your project. The <tt>web.xml.template</tt> file is used as a template for creating <tt>web.xml</tt> which is also known as the <tt>servlet deployment descriptor</tt>. This deployment descriptor is used as the means of communicating settings to the application as well as the servlet container in which the application runs. This section covers some common changes to that file as well as a discussion around a means of general configuration of the application when it is running inside a servlet container. === Data Source for Model Database Configuration === Some WebObjects engineers use the <tt>setConnectionDictionary(...)</tt> method on a model to set the JDBC database connection parameters for the model. However, the servlet container has it's own <tt>data source</tt> mechanism for supplying database information which will override any connection dictionary information which is set into the model. If you don't want this to happen, and you want your <tt>setConnectionDictionary(...)</tt> to take effect, comment out the <tt>resource-ref</tt> item with the title <tt>jdbc/DefaultDataSource</tt> in the <tt>web.xml.template</tt> file. === Serving WebServerResources === To stop the web server resources (images, CSS files and other static data) from being served out of the java environment, you need to configure the <tt>context-param</tt> with the name <tt>WOAppMode</tt> to be <tt>Deployment</tt> in the <tt>web.xml.template</tt> file. === Application Specific Configuration === This area of configuration covers items such as the following fictitious examples; # Email address of person to contact when system fails. # Frequency of polling some resource. # Optional connection information for databases. # GST rate for New Zealand. In other words, these are application-specific configuration values. One way to configure your application specific parameters in a servlet container is to load your config into <tt>env-entry</tt>-s in your <tt>web.xml</tt> file. Here is such an example of one such entry; <pre> <env-entry> <env-entry-name>foo/nz.co.foo.FooAppMailFrom</env-entry-name> <env-entry-value>bar@foo.co.nz</env-entry-value> <env-entry-type>java.lang.String</env-entry-type> </env-entry> </pre> You can retrieve these value inside the application with some code as shown below. See the LEConfig class from LEWOStuff, the WebObjects framework from Lindesay Electric for an example. LEWOStuff also comes with a tool to help load standard java properties files into the servlet deployment descriptor. <pre> import javax.naming.*; // ...later in the same class... Object valueO = null; try { InitialContext context = new InitialContext(); valueO = context.lookup("java:comp/env/foo/nz.co.foo.FooAppMailFrom"); } catch(javax.naming.NamingException ne) { /* handle gracefully */ } </pre> It is probably easiest to apply these settings in some automated fashion to the <tt>web.xml</tt> file as part of a further automated build or deploy process. === Application Binary === Put your application servlet build product at <tt>$INSTDIR</tt> such that the following path exists. <pre> $INSTDIR/webapps/FooApp/WEB-INF </pre> === Tomcat Server Configuration Files === You need to create a tomcat configuration file for each of the instances that you would like to have. The pattern is followed here of having an instance number proceeded by the lower case letter "i". Put the first server configuration file at the following location. <pre> $INSTDIR/server_i1.xml </pre> Here is an example of how this file might look. There is no coverage of the individual settings here as the reader is expected to review the tomcat documentation to discover the specific meanings of these settings. ==== Tomcat 5 ==== <pre> <Server port="7071" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Service name="Catalina"> <Connector port="8081" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75" enableLookups="false" acceptCount="100" connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" /> <Connector port="9091" enableLookups="false" protocol="AJP/1.3" /> <Engine name="i1" defaultHost="appserver1.foo.co.nz" jvmRoute="i1"> <Host name="appserver1.foo.co.nz" appBase="/home/fooapp/webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="false" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false"> <Context cookies="false" docBase="FooApp" path="FooApp" reloadable="false"> <Manager distributable="false" /> </Context> </Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server> </pre> ==== Tomcat 3 ==== <pre> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <Server> <ContextManager workDir="work"> <LoaderInterceptor11 useApplicationLoader="true" /> <AutoDeploy source="modules" target="modules" redeploy="true" /> <AutoWebApp dir="modules" host="DEFAULT" trusted="true"/> <AutoWebApp dir="/home/fooapp/webapps" trusted="true" reloadable="false" /> <SimpleMapper1 /> <SessionExpirer checkInterval="60" /> <SessionIdGenerator randomClass="java.security.SecureRandom" /> <WebXmlReader validate="false" /> <ErrorHandler showDebugInfo="true" /> <Jdk12Interceptor /> <LoadOnStartupInterceptor /> <Servlet22Interceptor /> <SessionId cookiesFirst="false" noCookies="true" /> <SimpleSessionStore maxActiveSessions="256" /> <Http10Connector port="8081" secure="false" /> <Ajp13Connector port="9091" tomcatAuthentication="false" shutdownEnable="true" /> </ContextManager> </Server> </pre> Assuming that there will be three instances in this example deploy, this entire file should be replicated and modified twice for the other two instances. For the other instances' server configuration files, change the "i1" (Tomcat 5 only) by modifying the numerical component and change the port numbers by making the last digit the instance number. For example, the ports <tt>7071</tt>, <tt>8081</tt> and <tt>9091</tt> are used here. For "i2", use <tt>7072</tt>, <tt>8082</tt> and <tt>9092</tt>. You should have three files now present called <tt>server_i1.xml</tt>, <tt>server_i2.xml</tt> and <tt>server_i3.xml</tt> in the directory <tt>$INSTDIR</tt>. === Startup An Instance === To startup an instance, issue a command as follows. You should issue this command for each of the server configuration files. The <tt>$JAVA_HOME</tt> shell environment variable should have been setup correctly before launching an instance. ==== Tomcat 5 ==== <pre> $TOMCATDIR/bin/startup.sh -config $INSTDIR/server_i1.xml </pre> ==== Tomcat 3 ==== <pre> $TOMCATDIR/bin/startup -config $INSTDIR/server_i1.xml -home $TOMCATDIR </pre> ==== Tomcat 3 Environment Variables ==== To pass java environment variables to your application, set the <tt>TOMCAT_OPTS</tt> shell environment variable before starting up the Tomcat 3 environment. An example of this would be as follows; <pre> TOMCAT_OPTS=-Dabc=xyz export TOMCAT_OPTS </pre> === Check Availability === You can now see if your instance is up using the following URL. <pre> http://appserver1.foo.co.nz:8081/FooApp/WebObjects/FooApp.woa </pre> Note that both the AJP (This is the protocol between the apache adaptor and the individual Tomcat instances.) and the regular HTTP engines are accessing the same running application. This means that a test straight onto the application via HTTP is actually testing the application that is being accessed via AJP. This behaviour provides an opportunity to be able to monitor specific instances of Tomcat over direct HTTP. Check each of your instances. === Problems === Under Tomcat 5, check the log file at <tt>$TOMCATHOME/logs/catalina.out</tt> if you are unable to access your instance. === Shutdown An Instance === To shutdown an instance, issue a command as follows. ==== Tomcat 5 ==== <pre> $TOMCATDIR/bin/shutdown.sh -config $INSTDIR/server_i1.xml </pre> It is also possible to use the UNIX <tt>telnet</tt> command to connect to the port described in the server configuration file's <tt>Server</tt> tag and type the word supplied in the <tt>shutdown</tt> attribute to take out the Tomcat instance. ==== Tomcat 3 ==== <pre> TOMCATDIR/bin/shutdown -ajp13 -port 9091 </pre> == Apache Adaptor Setup == A final deployment usually involves apache feeding inbound requests to instances and handling situations where an instance has gone down and balancing load over the instances that are currently running. This job is undertaken by <tt>mod_jk</tt> which is a module for apache written by the Tomcat group. This module communicates with the tomcat instances using a protocol called <tt>AJP</tt>. This protocol carries all the information required to check instances are operational as well as relaying requests to the instances. It is assumed that the configuration as well as binaries for the <tt>mod_jk</tt> apache module will be located at <tt>$JKDIR</tt>. === Compiling and Installing === Instructions for downloading and installing <tt>mod_jk</tt> can be obtained from the Tomcat website. The <tt>mod_jk.so</tt> binary should be located at the following path. <pre> $JKDIR/mod_jk.so </pre> Add a line to your system's apache httpd configuration file like this: <pre> Include /opt/modjk/apache.conf </pre> Edit this file to look like this: <pre> LoadModule jk_module /opt/modjk/mod_jk.so AddModule mod_jk.c JkLogFile /opt/modjk/mod_jk.log JkLogLevel info JkWorkerProperty worker.list=i1,i2,i3,loadbalancer JkWorkerProperty worker.i1.type=ajp13 JkWorkerProperty worker.i1.port=9091 JkWorkerProperty worker.i1.host=appserver1.foo.co.nz JkWorkerProperty worker.i1.lbfactor=1 JkWorkerProperty worker.i2.type=ajp13 JkWorkerProperty worker.i2.port=9092 JkWorkerProperty worker.i2.host=appserver1.foo.co.nz JkWorkerProperty worker.i2.lbfactor=1 JkWorkerProperty worker.i3.type=ajp13 JkWorkerProperty worker.i3.port=9093 JkWorkerProperty worker.i3.host=appserver1.foo.co.nz JkWorkerProperty worker.i3.lbfactor=1 JkWorkerProperty worker.loadbalancer.type=lb JkWorkerProperty worker.loadbalancer.sticky_session=1 JkWorkerProperty worker.loadbalancer.local_worker_only=1 JkWorkerProperty worker.loadbalancer.balance_workers=i1,i2,i3 JkMount /FooApp/* loadbalancer </pre> Again, the details of the exact settings will not be covered in this article, but this should provide a simple guide to setting up this file to provide for a multi-instance deploy under Tomcat. === Restart Apache === Now restart apache with the following command: <pre> sudo apachectl restart </pre> === Test Application === Now you can test your application using a URL such as this one. <pre> http://www.foo.co.nz/FooApp/WebObjects/FooApp.woa </pre> All three instances that you have setup should take some of the inbound requests. === Choosing the Right Instance === <tt>mod_jk</tt> ensures that requests that have started a session will be directed to the correct instance where the session originated. This behaviour is known as {\it sticky sessions}. It does not appear to be possible to nominate the instance from the servlet container in another way. == More Information == [[../Tomcat Deployment Details/]] {{BookCat}} f9nw2otgcgunxqq3sss2u2znjh4wgj8 0 91888 4634600 4028555 2026-05-07T09:38:58Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634600 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Unc-logo.gif|Understanding Noah's Classifieds cover|center]] ---- If you directly want to start, jump to 'The sourcecode'. {{stage|00%|Jan 11, 2005}}<br> ''Firstly: This is an open work, if you find any problem with a term or concept you can contribute to it. You are also welcome to state any preference or vision for the actual book structure, objectives or other conceptual matters, see this wikibook discussion area. '' ''Secondly: I'm not a native. If you attach importance to the grammar, feel free to correct my sentences. If this book was written in my language and you would make a lot of mistakes, I would correct. I hope to improve my english while writing this book with lots of people.'' {{center/top}} {| width=90% style="float: center; clear: both; background-color: #F9F9F9; border: 1px solid #EEEEEE; margin:5px; padding: 5px;" |- |style="text-align:center"|<big>'''Your participation is needed and welcome!'''</big> |} {{center/end}} ''(Please replace the following questions with their answers)'' What is "Noah's Classifieds"? Is it a computer, an algorithm, a particular software application, a programming language, a library of support code, a small fish, or what? What do people do with "Noah's Classifieds"? Is it purely a learning tool as a toy example to help programmers learn OOP? If I'm not a programmer, is there anything useful I could do with it? What prerequisites do I need to have before using "Noah's Classifieds"? Do I need to have PHP installed on my computer before using it? Can I use it on my [http://noahsclassifieds.org/forum/index.php?topic=3401.0 MacOS, Windows, or Linux box]? Will it run on my server that has no display plugged into it? Will it run on my laptop that has [http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp.html no internet connection]? Who currently maintains "Noah's Classifieds"? == The database == Listed in perceived order of importance; === n_user === User Accounts are stored here. === n_item === Classified Listings are in this database. === n_category === The sections shown on the front page are enumerated here. === n_settings, n_ecommsettings, n_globalstat === Various administrative settings for the page are held in these databases. === the others === Other tables hold other sorts of information to control cross referencing, cron jobs, email notifications, search and rss functionality, etc. Most of this information can be easily controlled through the Admin section of the site. To manually create a new Admin account, set isAdm to 1 for any existing user in the n_user table. === Pages that make database connections === The pages which connect to the database all reside in the gorum directory, and are; /gorum/dbinstall.php, /gorum/dbproperty.php, and /gorum/installlib.php. Additionally, /feedcreator/feedcreator.class.php makes a query to the database, and many files in the /app/ and /gorum/ folders contain calls to the executeQuery functions defined by /gorum/dbproperty.php. == The sourcecode {{stage short|00%|Sep 01, 2006}}== == The Tasks of the Variables == === $registrationType === === $otherTamplate === If this Variable is set (uncomment the related line in constants.php to do so) Noah's uses an unusual template. A template takes only effect on the look and style of Noah's Classifieds software. The file must be stored in the root directory of Noah's and needs a number in front of the suffix (e.g. template4.php). This index is declared to the system as our variable $otherTemplate. (Noah includes the template-file while loading include.php wether it's the default one or not - line 24.) == File and Function Descriptions == === config.php === The config.php contains just the parameters for the database. The second - really little - task of this file is to construct the $dbHost string, addicted to whether the port is given or not. === item.php === The item.php comes in include.php into play. At first, if the variable ''$immediateAppear'' isn't set yet, the script sets it to "true". If needed or not at the moment, (I guess it's always needed) the variable ''item_typ'' is build at the beginning of that script. === object.php === Anything that communicates with the database is derived from the object class. Items (adverts), categories, users and even the global settings. Start at this class because most of its functions aren't ever overloaded. === gorum/gorum.php === This File is included in index.php and itself includes another bunch of files. include("./gorum/constants.php"); if( $registrationType!=User_noUserFromGorum ) include("./gorum/loginlib.php"); include("./gorum/gorumlib.php"); include("./gorum/object.php"); include("./gorum/form.php"); include("./gorum/generformlib.php"); include("./gorum/roll.php"); include("./gorum/dbproperty.php"); include("./gorum/privilegeproperty.php"); include("./gorum/htmllist.php"); include("./gorum/tools.php"); include("./gorum/showdetails.php"); Furthermore it seems like it differs the type of user and loads user_simple.php or in the other case user_email.php. === gorum/roll.php === This contains the roll class. Roll is simply the class that handles link generation. It is nice because it adds a memory capability. == The classes {{stage short|00%|Sep 01, 2006}}== Unusually, this webapplication is full objective. As mentioned before, Noah's works with classes - in fact a lot. For example the ad itself is permanently handled as an object. This is useful but it needs to get used to.<br> The most important one is the class called "Object". This is the parent one I will introduce next. === Object - the mothership === [[/Let's Discover gorumMain/]] [[/Multiple Image Submission/]] [[/Multiple Image Extension/]] {{Shelves|Web content management systems}} {{Alphabetical|U}} {{status|0%}} __NOTOC__ 1563pyh1nm2ugksmeardnq3xuqxlih7 2 101252 4634508 4374871 2026-05-06T20:37:58Z Urhixidur 43936 <s> 4634508 wikitext text/x-wiki {{userpage}} {{#babel:fr-N|en-5}} <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="mw-babel-wrapper"> <tr> <td>{{Userbox|info-background=#EEE|logo-background=#ADA|logo=art-tsolyáni-1|info=Màsuntsólukoi trashóm chidóm tla tsolyáni.}}</td> </tr> </table> ==Interwiki== [http://www.angelfire.com/pq/Urhixidur/index.html Personal web page] ---- * [[:incubator:User:Urhixidur|'''Incubator''']] * [[:mw:User:Urhixidur|'''MediaWiki''']] * [[:meta:User:Urhixidur|'''Meta''']] * [http://www.omegawiki.org/User:Urhixidur '''Omegawiki''']<!-- * '''Wikibooks''' : [[:b:en:User:Urhixidur|English]] &middot; [[:b:fr:Utilisateur:Urhixidur|Français]] &middot; [[:b:it:Utente:Urhixidur|Italiano]] &middot; [[:w:pt:Usuário:Urhixidur|Português]] --> * '''Wikibooks''' : '''this page'''<!--[[:en:User:Urhixidur|English]]--> &middot; [[:fr:Utilisateur:Urhixidur|Français]] &middot; [[:it:Utente:Urhixidur|Italiano]] &middot; [[:pt:Usuário:Urhixidur|Português]] * [[:commons:User:Urhixidur|'''Wikimedia Commons''']] * <s>'''Wikinews''' : [[:wikinews:en:User:Urhixidur|English]] &middot; [[:wikinews:fr:Utilisateur:Urhixidur|Français]] &middot; [[:wikinews:pt:Usuário:Urhixidur|Português]] (Wikinotícias)</s> * '''Wikipedia''' : [[:w:an:Usuario:Urhixidur|Aragonés]] &middot; [[:w:id:Pengguna:Urhixidur|Bahasa Indonesia]] &middot; [[:w:jv:Panganggo:Urhixidur|Basa Jawa]] &middot; [[:w:ca:Usuari:Urhixidur|Català]] &middot; [[:w:en:User:Urhixidur|English]] &middot; [[:w:eu:Lankide:Urhixidur|Euskara]] &middot; [[:w:fr:Utilisateur:Urhixidur|Français]] &middot; [[:w:ga:Úsáideoir:Urhixidur|Gaeilge]] &middot; [[:w:lt:Naudotojas:Urhixidur|Lietuvių]] &middot; [[:w:nl:Gebruiker:Urhixidur|Nederlands]] &middot; [[:w:pt:Usuário:Urhixidur|Português]] &middot; [[:w:ro:Utilizator:Urhixidur|Română]] &middot; [[:w:sh:Korisnik:Urhixidur|Srpskohrvatski/Српскохрватски]] &middot; [[:w:tr:Kullanıcı:Urhixidur|Türkçe]] &middot; [[:w:uk:Користувач:Urhixidur|Українська]] &middot; [[:w:uz:Foydalanuvchi:Urhixidur|O‘zbek]] &middot; [[:w:ar:%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85:Urhixidur|العربية]] &middot; [[:w:ml:ഉപയോക്താവ്:Urhixidur|മലയാളം]] * '''Wikiquote''' : [[:q:en:User:Urhixidur|English]] &middot; [[:q:fr:Utilisateur:Urhixidur|Français]] &middot; [[:q:it:Utente:Urhixidur|Italiano]] * '''Wikisource''' : [[:s:en:User:Urhixidur|English]] &middot; [[:s:fr:Utilisateur:Urhixidur|Français]] &middot; [[:s:pt:Usuário:Urhixidur|Português]] * [[:wikispecies:User:Urhixidur|'''Wikispecies''']] * [http://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Urhixidur '''Wikitech'''] * '''Wiktionary''' : [[:wikt:de:Benutzer:Urhixidur|Deutsch]] &middot; [[:wikt:en:User:Urhixidur|English]] &middot; [[:wikt:es:Usuario:Urhixidur|Español]] &middot; [[:wikt:eo:Uzanto:Urhixidur|Esperanto]] &middot; [[:wikt:fr:Utilisateur:Urhixidur|Français]] &middot; [[:wikt:nl:Gebruiker:Urhixidur|Nederlands]] &middot; [[:wikt:pl:Wikipedysta:Urhixidur|Polski]] &middot; [[:wikt:pt:Usuário:Urhixidur|Português]] &middot; [[:wikt:ja:%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8%E8%80%85:Urhixidur|日本語]] ---- * '''Diaspora''' : [https://diasp.org/people/711ed870b7b5013ca26928a1592b385a Urhixidur @ diasp.org] * '''Mastodon''' : [https://mstdn.ca/@Urhixidur Urhixidur @ mstdn.ca] * [http://1d4chan.org/wiki/User:Urhixidur 1d4chan] * [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/User:Urhixidur Arch Linux Wiki] * [http://translatewiki.net/wiki/User:Urhixidur BetaWiki (Nuka-Wiki/Translatewiki)] * [http://wiki.documentfoundation.org/User:Urhixidur Document Foundation Wiki] * [https://dungeonuniversalis.miraheze.org/wiki/User:Urhixidur Dungeon Universalis Wiki] * [http://wiki.eclipse.org/index.php?title=User:Daniel.thibault.drdc-rddc.gc.ca Eclipse Wiki] * [http://elinux.org/User:Urhixidur Embedded Linux Wiki] * [http://wiki.mabinogiworld.com/index.php?title=User:Urhixidur Mabinogi World Wiki] * [http://www.uesp.net/wiki/User:Urhixidur Unofficial Elder Scroll Pages] * [https://community.fandom.com/wiki/User:Polytherion Central Fandom] ** '''WikIkariam''' : [https://ikariam.fandom.com/index.php?title=User:Polytherion English] &middot; [https://ikariam.fandom.com/fr/wiki/Utilisateur:Polytherion Français] ** [https://cthulhuwars.fandom.com/wiki/User:Polytherion Cthulhu Wars Strategy Wikia (English)] <!-- * http://wikinfo.org/w/index.php/User:Urhixidur, then http://wwtrade.org/m/index.php/User:Urhixidur and http://wikinfo.org/w/English/index.php/User:Urhixidur, then http://wwtrade.org/English/index.php/User:Urhixidur, then http://wwtrade.org/wikinfo/index.php/User:Urhixidur Wikinfo --> ---- [[fr:Utilisateur:Urhixidur]] [[it:Utente:Urhixidur]] [[pt:Usuário:Urhixidur]] kb4n12d0snjgm8a6m49hseysbpxm25p 0 102137 4634437 4626480 2026-05-06T13:54:29Z JCrue 2226064 4634437 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Dragon variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOB|B70]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...c5|Sicilian defence]] → [[../|5. Nc3]] }} == 5...g6 · Dragon variation == Black prepares to fianchetto their dark-square bishop. From g7 this bishop will exert considerable pressure over the centre and facilitate a queen's side attack. However, 5...g6 weakens Black's kingside pawn structure and encourages White to pursue a king's side attack of their own. [[/6. Be3|'''6. Be3''']] is the main move. This usually leads to the Yugoslav attack, where White castles queen's side and tries to pawn storm on the king's side. Because both players are attacking on opposite wings, there is no time to be lost for either side and subtle manoeuvring will tend to take a back seat to sharp tactics. [[/6. Be2|'''6. Be2''']], the '''classical variation''', is the main alternative, where White prepares to castles short and away Black's powerful bishop. This is a less sharp continuation. Less common approaches include: [[/6. f4|'''6. f4''']] is the '''Levenfish attack'''. This postpones matters of development to take space and prepare the trappy move e5, an immediate assault on the centre. [[/6. g3|'''6. g3''']] is the '''fianchetto variation'''. This prepares Bg2 and O-O. '''6. f3''' is a small move order difference, usually transposing into the main line after 6...O-O 7. Be3. [[/6. Bc4|'''6. Bc4''']] may transpose into the Yugoslav attack (6...Bg7 7. f3 O-O 8. Be3 Nc6 9. Qd2), or lead to a [[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...c5/2. Nf3/2...d6/3. d4/3...cxd4/4. Nxd4/4...Nf6/5. Nc3/5...e6/6. Bc4|Sozin attack]]-style line where White castles short and focuses on piece play rather than a pawn storm. {{clear}} === History === [[image:Draco constellation map negative.png|thumb|right|The constellation Draco.]] The term "dragon" for this line has been used in German since at least the 1910s; [[w:Fyodor Dus-Chotimirsky|Fyodor Dus-Chotimirsky]] later claimed to have invented the name in 1901, inspired by Black's pawn structure's resemblance to the constellation [[w:Draco (constellation)|Draco]] (the dragon).<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Dragon Variation (C.N. 5135) |url=https://www.chesshistory.com/winter/winter99.html#CN_7826 |last=Winter |first=Edward |date=2027-10-27 |access-date=2026-03-20 |website=Chess Notes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Unsolved Chess Mysteries (8) |url=https://en.chessbase.com/post/edward-winter-presents-unsolved-che-mysteries-8- |last=Winter |first=Edward |date=2018-06-18 |access-date=2026-03-20 |website=ChessBase}}</ref> The dragon is one of the most Sicilians. The viciousness of White's Yugoslav attack led to some players adopting the [[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...c5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4/3...cxd4/4. Nxd4/4...g6|accelerated move order]], where Black avoids playing ...d6 in the hope of playing ...d5 in one tempo later. Between them, the dragon and accelerated dragon are common recommendations as less theory-dense alternatives to the Najdorf. Among its highest levels outings was in the [[w:Classical World Chess Championship 1995|1995 PCA World Championship]], where [[w:Viswanathan Anand|Viswanathan Anand]]'s attacks crashed and burned against [[w:Garry Kasparov|Garry Kasparov]]'s dragon Sicilian.<ref>[https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chess.pl?tid=55522 PCA World Championship. Chessgames.com]</ref><ref>[https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1018628 Anand vs Kasparov, 1995. Chessgames.com]</ref> ==Theory table== {{ChessTable}} '''1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6''' <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> <tr> <th></th> <th align="left">6</th> <th align="left">7</th> <th align="left">8</th> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Main line</th> <td>[[/6. Be3/|Be3]]<br>Bg7</td> <td>f3<br>O-O</td> <td>Qd2<br>Nc6</td> <td>+=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>[[/6. Be2/|Be2]]<br>Bg7</td> <td>O-O<br>O-O</td> <td>Nb3<br>Nc6</td> <td>+=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Levenfish Variation</th> <td>[[/6. f4/|f4]]<br>Nc6</td> <td>Nxc6<br>bxc6</td> <td>e5<br>Nd7</td> <td>+=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>[[/6. f3/|f3]]<br>Bg7</td> <td>Be3 </td> <td> </td> <td>See Main line</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>[[/6. g3/|g3]]<br>Nc6</td> <td>Bg2<br>Nxd4</td> <td>Qxd4<br>Bg7</td> <td>=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>[[/6. Bc4/|Bc4]]<br>Bg7</td> <td>h3<br>O-O</td> <td>O-O<br>a6</td> <td>=</td> </tr> </table> {{ChessMid}} ==References== {{reflist}} === See also === {{wikipedia|Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation}} {{BCO2}} {{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}} [[fi:Shakkiaapinen/Peli/1. e4/1...c5/2. Rf3/2...d6/3. d4/3...cxd4/4. Rxd4/4...Rf6/5. Rc3/5...g6]] qsze2v8d14yl2bgbjbdrbmw5vamxk7n 4 112405 4634432 4634223 2026-05-06T13:48:16Z Codename Noreste 3441010 /* Page patrolling */ reply ([[mw:c:Special:MyLanguage/User:JWBTH/CD|CD]]) 4634432 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:CHAT|WB:RR/G|WB:GENERAL}} {{TOC left|limit=3}} {{User:MiszaBot/config |archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Archives/%(year)d/%(monthname)s |algo = old(60d) |counter = 1 |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 1 |key = 7a0ac23cf8049e4d9ff70cabb5649d1a }} Welcome to the '''General reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about the Wikibooks project in general. For proposals for improving Wikibooks, see the [[../Proposals/]] reading room. {{clear}} [[Category:Reading room]] == Upcoming deployment of CampaignEvents extension to Wikibooks == <section begin="message"/> Hello everyone, We are writing to inform you that the [[mw:Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] will be deployed to all Wikibooks projects during the week of '''23 March 2026'''. This follows last year’s broader rollout across Wikimedia projects. We realized that Wikibooks was not included at the time, and we’re now addressing that to ensure consistency across all communities. The CampaignEvents extension provides tools to support event and campaign organization on-wiki, including features like on-wiki event registration and collaboration lists(global event list). We welcome any questions, feedback, or concerns you may have. We are also happy to support anyone interested in trying out the tools. ''Apologies if this message is not in your preferred language. If you’re able to help translate it for your community, please feel free to do so.'' <section end="message"/> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[User talk:Udehb-WMF|discuss]]) 18:22, 19 March 2026 (UTC)</bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:Udehb-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Udehb-WMF/sandbox/MM_target&oldid=30284073 --> == Regarding the project's FlaggedRevs extension == Hello, everyone. I want to discuss with the community about the use of this project's FlaggedRevs (flagged revisions) extension, which was deployed many years ago (and configured recently). === Many unreviewed edits, and edit quality options === According to [[Special:PendingChanges]], there are almost 4000 unreviewed edits (per the standard FlaggedRevs configuration). In addition, on the edit review interface when evaluating a diff, there are three radio buttons that determine the quality of the edit (minimal, average, good). Do we have to utilize these buttons if the quality of the edit or the book matters, according to [[WB:REVIEW]]? This proposal is to whether discontinue the edit rating buttons or not. One way to reduce such a large amount of unreviewed edits is to set the following to <code>true</code>: * <code>wgFlaggedRevsProtection</code> (pending changes protection, to be used on Wikijunior pages; this might negate the need to show the stable version by default) * (optional) <code>wgSimpleFlaggedRevsUI</code> (simpler, icon-based UI on the edit review interface) We should also include the following configuration (partially based from English Wikipedia), if this proposal passes: <syntaxhighlight lang="php"> elseif ( $wgDBname == 'enwikibooks' ) { // Limited to the main, Cookbook, and Wikijunior namespaces (T408110) $wgFlaggedRevsNamespaces = [ NS_MAIN, 102, 110 ]; # We have only one tag with one level $wgFlaggedRevsTags = [ 'status' => [ 'levels' => 1 ] ]; # Restrict autoconfirmed to flagging semi-protected $wgFlaggedRevsTagsRestrictions = [ 'status' => [ 'review' => 1, 'autoreview' => 1 ], ]; # Restriction levels for auto-review/review rights $wgFlaggedRevsRestrictionLevels = [ 'autoreview' ]; # Remove 'validate' from reviewers $wgGroupPermissions['reviewer']['validate'] = false; # Group permissions for sysops $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['review'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['stablesettings'] = true; # Allow sysops to add and remove the 'reviewer' group $wgAddGroups['sysop'][] = 'reviewer'; $wgRemoveGroups['sysop'][] = 'reviewer'; # Remove the 'editor' user group unset( $wgGroupPermissions['editor'] ); } </syntaxhighlight> === Inactive reviewers === After conducting an audit of over 1000 reviewers, most, if not many of them are completely inactive. === User group changes for reviewers === The reviewer user group is known to the software as <code>editor</code>, which might sound misleading (the actual [[MediaWiki:Group-editor/qqq|/qqq definition]] is "Editors"). To fix that, we might have to consider switching to <code>reviewer</code> and unset <code>editor</code>. I am also not sure whether administrators should have the <code>validate</code> user right, since <code>reviewer</code> has it on by default (but it is currently disabled). On the above configuration I proposed, administrators (and users in the <code>reviewer</code> user group) would no longer have <code>validate</code>. === Page patrolling === Currently, only administrators can mark new pages as patrolled (<code>patrol</code>) by using the MediaWiki page patrol software, but clicking on "Accept revision" (via FlaggedRevs) would also mark the page as patrolled, in question. I believe that using FlaggedRevs to patrol new pages is redundant, given that we might not want to use one or the other. If we are considering on switching to pending changes, we should also allow reviewers to mark new pages as patrolled, as they are trusted to have the <code>autopatrol</code> right in addition to administrators and autoreviewed users. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 04:05, 21 March 2026 (UTC) :I agree on replacing <code>editor</code> with <code>reviewer</code> to avoid confusion. Reviewers don't need to have patrol permissions as a reviewed page would be patrolled as well. I don't think people will use it much as a page or edit being reviewed already means that it has been checked by someone else. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 16:00, 22 March 2026 (UTC) ::When I said that reviewers would have <code>patrol</code>, they can review new pages that other users created, but not any new pages they create themselves. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 18:16, 22 March 2026 (UTC) :::How can that be the case if they have <code>autopatrol</code>? [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 18:26, 22 March 2026 (UTC) ::::I will give you an example. On the English Wikiquote, there are two user groups that have <code>autopatrol</code>: autopatrollers and patrollers. Autopatrollers have their page creations marked as patrolled by the software, while patrollers (whilst also having their page creations marked as patrolled) can mark new pages as patrolled (in addition to administrators). [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 18:39, 22 March 2026 (UTC) :::::But what is the point of giving reviewers <code>patrol</code> if we are already using FlaggedRevs? I think that we won't need patrol because we already have reviewing, and patrol only seems to be a confirmation that the page is up to policy from what I have seen, so giving them reviewers to mark pages as patrolled seems pointless to me when we already have FlaggedRevs. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 19:06, 22 March 2026 (UTC) ::::::I understand, but my proposal was to convert FlaggedRevs into a protection-like mechanism which would be used alongside page protection; it might turn off FlaggedRevs's ability to patrol new pages for reviewers, hence why I suggested this above. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:30, 22 March 2026 (UTC) ::::::: @[[User:Kingofnuthin|Kingofnuthin]] I will summarize what you said from above: :::::::* You agree about the reviewer user group to be moved from <code>editor</code> to <code>reviewer</code> to avoid confusion (technically). :::::::* However, you probably disagree about allowing reviewers to patrol new pages ''and'' having their page creations automatically marked as patrolled, because FlaggedRevs can do all of this, and <code>$wgUseNPPatrol</code> might seem to be redundant. ::::::: A compromise about your disagreement is that we might have to consider removing <code>autopatrol</code> and/or <code>patrol</code> from our existing user groups, similar to [[phab:T423461]]. ::::::: I started this because in addition to that, one of my concerns was the extreme backlog of unreviewed edits and pages [4000!]. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 20:31, 19 April 2026 (UTC) :I may be missing some things here, so let me know if I haven't answered any points here: :# I don't think we currently need to have the review status indicate the quality of the edit (i.e. minimal, average, good). I don't think this is used at all anymore. :# I think it makes sense to reassign the reviewer user group to <code>editor</code>. I always like clarity in language. :# Are you saying that pages marked as reviewed are currently also classed as patrolled? If that's the case, I think we should not have reviewed pages automatically classed as patrolled, and we should keep reviewing and patrolling separate. :I'll note that honestly don't know much about patrolling, since I've never engaged with it—I have only ever referenced the reviewing system. If there is a significant functional difference, I would love to know it. Cheers! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 03:00, 23 March 2026 (UTC) ::When someone clicks "Accept revision" on an unreviewed page, it is listed under [[Special:Log/review]]; if an admin marks a page as patrolled with "Mark this page as patrolled", it will show up under [[Special:Log/patrol]], which is not really logged much compared to the former log (review). [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 03:12, 23 March 2026 (UTC) :I agree to your thoughts about the <code>editor</code> group and edit quality ratings, but I don't understand what this proposal changes for FlaggedRevs, since I don't have much technical knowledge. Can you explain what the proposal changes here, how are we going to convert FlaggedRevs into a "protection-like mechanism"? [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 17:24, 23 March 2026 (UTC) ::The proposal of changing FlaggedRevs into a protection-like feature (pending changes) is when an editor (unregistered/one not holding autoreviewer, reviewer, or administrator permissions) makes an edit, but their edit will be hidden from the public until it is approved by a reviewer or an administrator, and it will solely apply to Wikijunior pages. The configuration above is similar to what English Wikipedia uses. {{quote|::I think it makes sense to reassign the reviewer user group to <code>editor</code>.}} ::@[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]]: I believe you might have misunderstood. What I meant is that <code>(editor)</code> will be changed to <code>(reviewer)</code> to avoid confusion, but I plan to remove <code>editor</code> from all inactive reviewers, then do the same for recently active reviewers. However, given that there are a lot of reviewers, a script will possibly do all the work (under {{no ping|Maintenance script}} or similar). [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:29, 23 March 2026 (UTC) :::Gotcha! I can't currently foresee an issue with this —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:09, 30 March 2026 (UTC) :'''Re FlaggedRevs generally: '''The [[mw:Extension:FlaggedRevs|Mediawiki page of the extension]] says it is not being maintained and not recommended for production use. We should consider whether we need this extension at all. :What is the actual policy justification for having FlaggedRevs? :[[Help:Tracking_changes#Reviewing_pages]] says it's "our primary counter-vandalism tool". I don't know if it is that: it doesn't prevent vandalism or reduce exposure to vandalism (as with stable versions). The "counter-vandalism" bit comes from human editors looking at the edits, identifying vandalism, and reverting. FlaggedRevs isn't necessary for that. Maybe it makes it a little easier to spot edits in recent changes from new editors that may need a little more help (wikicode etc, not just spam), but can that be achieved just with the patrolled edits functionality? :If we still want something like FlaggedRevs, as an anti-vandalism tool or for draft control, then Mediawiki has a [[mw:Content approval extensions|list of alternatives]] that may be more suited and better maintained. :'''Re minimal/average/good specifically:''' I agree that we don't need the three categories. I thought I read somewhere that these were intended to show the quality of the REVIEW not of the page? That is, a "minimal" review is "I checked there was no obvious vandalism" and a "good" review was "I've thoroughly fact-checked everything". [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 11:34, 5 April 2026 (UTC) :: This was enabled back in 2008, which resulted in [[Wikibooks:New page patrol]] currently being obsolete. To be honest, I would keep FlaggedRevs, but I was proposing to change it to pending changes protection, similar to how Wikipedia utilizes it. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 21:04, 19 April 2026 (UTC) :Pinging <span class="template-ping">@[[:User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]]:</span> and <span class="template-ping">@[[:User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]]:</span> for additional input. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding [[w:Wikipedia:Signatures|undated]] comment added 22:29, 22 March 2026.</span><!--Template:Undated--> : After considering, I went ahead and created a separate proposal about FlaggedRevs; [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals#Proposal related to FlaggedRevs|here you go]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 13:48, 6 May 2026 (UTC) == Global ban for Faster than Thunder == * {{user|Faster than Thunder}} Hello, this message is to notify that [[User:Faster than Thunder|Faster than Thunder]] has been nominated for a global ban at [[m:Requests for comment/Global ban for Faster than Thunder]]. You are receiving this notification as required per the [[m:global ban|global ban]] policy as they have made at least 1 edit on this wiki. Thanks, --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 01:52, 22 March 2026 (UTC) == Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] == {{tmbox | image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]] | type=notice | text = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''', focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be {{Noping|KStineRowe (WMF)|label1=Kelsi Stine-Rowe}} (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and {{Noping|Samwalton9 (WMF)|label1=Sam Walton}} (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). <br /> In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. <br /> This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. <br /> [[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]] }} <span style="white-space:nowrap;">[[User:Pine|<span style="color:#01796f; text-shadow:#00BFFF 0 0 1.0em">↠Pine</span>]] [[User talk:Pine|<span style="color:DeepSkyBlue">(<b style="color:#FFDF00;text-shadow:#FFDF00 0 0 1.0em">✉</b>)</span>]]</span> 05:23, 29 March 2026 (UTC) == Regarding copyright of recipes found on online cooking forums == What is the copyright situation regarding cooking recipes found on online recipe books with recipes made by other people? I ask this because I want to add/translate recipes from 下厨房 (xià chúfáng) for Chinese recipes, and while I was intending to add the original writer of the recipe with the translation I still want to ask for clarification. [[User:Fukukitaru|Fukukitaru]] ([[User talk:Fukukitaru|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Fukukitaru|contribs]]) 19:06, 30 March 2026 (UTC) :Recipes are in principle not copyright-able, as they are just facts. When someone includes descriptive text or anything that elaborates on the basic ingredients and steps, that is copyright-able. I am not a lawyer or legal scholar and cannot give legal advice. See (e.g.) https://www.copyrightlaws.com/copyright-protection-recipes/ —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 19:16, 30 March 2026 (UTC) ::In that case, would simplifying ingredients and methods to where they are simple yet can still be understood be sufficient for said recipes? [[User:Fukukitaru|Fukukitaru]] ([[User talk:Fukukitaru|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Fukukitaru|contribs]]) 19:23, 30 March 2026 (UTC) :::Yes, you can add a recipe here as long as the instructions and text are not too overlapping with the copyrighted original. As the linked page says, the '''ideas''' behind the ingredient list and steps to prepare a given food item are not currently copyrightable, but the way you write the ideas may be copyrightable. You should also cite where you took the recipe from so we can trace its origins. I personally recommend only adding recipes that you have successfully made so we don't become a massive repository of potentially low-quality or untested recipes—I only add recipes once I have made them successfully. Let me know if you have any more questions about the Cookbook! Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:06, 30 March 2026 (UTC) ::::To build up on this, if you want to understand what is copyright-able and what is not, the "[[:w:en:Idea–expression distinction|idea versus expression]]" distinction. You cannot own the idea of "Boy meets girl, boy loses girl, boy and girl commit suicide" but you can copyright a specific version of ''Romeo and Juliet'' with your own innovative ideas. And, for that matter, this is context-specific, but if you can understand the distinction, it can help with future questions about "could this be protected by copyright?", which can be a subtle one. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 22:50, 30 March 2026 (UTC) :::::To further build up on this, there's something called the merger doctrine (see ''[[w:Baker v. Selden|Baker v. Selden]]''). This is why you can't copyright drawings of [[w:Structural formula|structural formulas]]. This doctrine means that if there's only one or a handful of ways to express an idea, then any such expression cannot be copyrighted, since copyrighting that expression would essentially be copyrighting the idea itself. This comes in a lot with recipes. I very likely can't copyright this list (from [[Cookbook:Cornmeal Pancakes (Arepa)]]: :::::* 2.4 cups corn flour :::::* 1.2 tsp salt :::::* 0.6 cup grated white cheese :::::* 2.4 cups cool water :::::Since there's essentially only one way to express the idea of that combination of ingredients. However, if I say: :::::* 2.4 cups corn flour: for this, I strongly recommend Harina P.A.N., because my grandma always used to make me arepas from that stuff every day, and it was delicious. :::::That is copyrightable. At that point, I cease to merely be expressing the idea of a food item with those four ingredients, and add a minimum degree of creativity. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:02, 31 March 2026 (UTC) ::::::And to build on all <em>that</em>, even if individual pieces of information are in the public domain (or are fair use), the <em>arrangement</em> of them can be copyrighted. This is why even if ''Bartlett's Quotations'' only had public domain material, the act of selectively editing and positioning them thematically for the user's benefit could constitute a sufficiently original work. So we could copy the material from a bunch of recipes, but could run a foul of copyright issues if we arranged and sorted them in some kind of manner that replicated someone else's original work. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 02:28, 31 March 2026 (UTC) == Style Guidelines for Advanced Points == Is there a general style guideline to refer the reader to advanced information, while the main text gives the short-answer version? For example, how would I specify that in practical applications, A is true, but if you use the theory you see that A is not quite true, or has caveats, or similar?-- [[User:Iain marcuson|Iain marcuson]] ([[User talk:Iain marcuson|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Iain marcuson|contribs]]) 17:50, 22 April 2026 (UTC) == Request: Help adding Objective Projection writing guide (filter blocked) == Hello, I am Levent Bulut (ORCID: 0009-0007-7500-2261), author of the Objective Projection methodology. I am trying to contribute a practical writing guide to Wikibooks under CC BY-SA 4.0. Book title: "Objective Projection: Why the Brain Never Forgets Some Stories" The automated filter blocked my edits due to external links and content volume. I have already created the page with the introduction and contents, but could not add the chapters. The Turkish version of the same book is already live on Wikibooks: https://tr.wikibooks.org/wiki/Nesnel_%C4%B0zd%C3%BC%C5%9F%C3%BCm:_Beyin_Neden_Baz%C4%B1_Hikayeleri_Unutmuyor%3F This is not a new theory — it is an instructional guide teaching a published methodology documented in DOI-registered publications: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18689179 Open license declaration on my site: https://leventbulut.com/acik-lisans-bildirimi-wikibooks/ All content is my own work, written for Wikibooks, under CC BY-SA 4.0. Could an experienced editor help add the remaining chapters, or whitelist my account so the filter does not block future edits? Thank you. Levent Bulut | leventbulut.com [[User:LeventBulut|LeventBulut]] ([[User talk:LeventBulut|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/LeventBulut|contribs]]) 21:28, 24 April 2026 (UTC) : @[[User:LeventBulut|LeventBulut]] This happened because you added too much content when creating the book. Also, when reporting false positives from an edit filter, please report on [[Wikibooks:Edit filter/False positives]]. Thank you. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 01:03, 25 April 2026 (UTC) == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 00:57, 26 April 2026 (UTC)</bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == After WikiNews shuts down....? == Can people try and write news articles here? Thank you! [[User:BigKrow|BigKrow]] ([[User talk:BigKrow|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/BigKrow|contribs]]) 22:30, 1 May 2026 (UTC) :Thanks for asking. You have a similar thread at our sister project Wikiversity and I am the equivalent of an admin there (we have a "curators" and "custodians" that are similar to admins on other projects). I'm not an admin here, but speaking as someone who has generally contributed here, writing news articles would not be appropriate. It would be great to write a textbook on [[journalism]]: we could use a great guide for ethics, finding sources, asking questions, objectivity and neutrality, etc. Unlike on Wikiversity, where the learning materials can be virtually anything, this project is specifically for a textbook/guide/manual, so writing news articles and posting them here is not really appropriate, but you could have a few example articles that you write for the purpose of having a textbook. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 23:46, 1 May 2026 (UTC) :: Heads up, a wiki was created: <span class="plainlinks">[https://news.wikioasis.org/wiki/Main_Page news.wikioasis.org]</span>. @[[User:Koavf|Koavf]]; I was temporarily granted some user rights to manage the wiki's setup and migration. I'll give you sysop rights since you are currently one on English Wikinews. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 02:11, 2 May 2026 (UTC) :::Thanks. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 02:14, 2 May 2026 (UTC) bgqp3m3bqlvejd1pb599fq74m6ltkwj 0 117542 4634598 3267558 2026-05-07T09:36:59Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634598 wikitext text/x-wiki I'm going to simplify the template, as well as switch everything to Latin script. The text below has been copied directly from the Public Domain Peace Corps Uzbek Language Compentencies book, it should be edited as the book evolves. Uzbek is a member of the Turkic language family. Speakers of these languages number approximately 150 million and range from the Tuvas of Siberia and Uyghurs of China through the Kazaks and Kirgiz of Central Asia to the Tatars of Europe and Turks and Azeris of the Near East. While all the Turkic languages share a common structure and basic vocabulary, many (for example, Chuvash and Yakut) are not mutually intelligible. However Uzbeks and Uyghurs are able to converse freely with one another because their ancestors adopted the same local Turkic dialects spoken in urban areas of Central Asia. Standard Uzbek conforms to those urban dialects without being exactly the same as any one of them. It incorporates several elements borrowed from local Persian dialects. This influence is most apparent in the vowel system and in the large number of words borrowed from Persian and Arabic. Standard Uzbek also reflects a heritage from the classical language in Arabic script called Chagatay or Central Asian Turi, which was used by Muslim Turks until the early 20th century. The period of Soviet rule also left its stamp on the standard literary language. This manual of the standard Uzbek language is intended to facilitate the acquisition of the basic language skills that Peace Corps volunteers will need to enrich their tour in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Conceivably, its materials may be used in conjunction wit a textbook for teaching Uzbek at the University level. The authors are aware that this first competency based manual of Uzbek contains imperfections, but they remind their readers: {{center/top}} ''"Oyda ham dogʻ bor"''<br> Even the moon has flaws {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} iy3ak0hw0pnt4t8fpmyfob6j9pkkfsn 0 135003 4634579 4585256 2026-05-07T08:52:39Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634579 wikitext text/x-wiki =Assessing and Evaluating the Impact of Web 2.0 and Emerging Learning Technologies = == Virtually Learning: The Education Experience in ''Second Life'' == ---- '''Introduction''' School is outdated and out of touch with the lives of today’s students. For the most part, our academic institutions continue to follow a model put forth in the nineteenth century (Herz, as quoted by Foreman, 2004). And, when asked to describe their school experiences, “boring” and “dry” are two words that often enter into the students’ conversation (Prensky, 2001). Oblinger (2003) asserts that these new students - individuals “raised on the Internet and interactive games” (p. 44) - may have expectations that are not met by the current “skill and drill” system of learning (e.g., Gee, 2003; Steinkuehler, 2005). They, and more specifically the Net Generation or the Millennials (Carlson, 2005; Oblinger, 2003), come into the classroom equipped with different attitudes toward education, as well as a diverse array of technological skills. Scholars, such as Dede (2005) take this line of thought a step further by suggesting that information technology is reshaping the mindset of students of all ages and creating a “neomillennial” learning style. Regardless of the label, these new students want more than the traditional lecture format; instead, they are seeking out authentic and active educational experiences, like those found in virtual worlds. According to the Entertainment Software Association (2007), the typical game player is 33 years old and has been playing games for more than 10 years; 38% of these game players are women. But, this is not to say that younger individuals – male and female – are not playing games. As Lenhart, Madden, and Hitlin (2005) report, the majority of teenagers are now using the Internet; further, 81% of these teens (or approximately 17 million individuals) play games set in online virtual worlds (p. 35). More importantly, though, the exposure to certain technologies, like video games and virtual worlds, may have altered the minds of these students, or “digital natives,” in such a way that educational theories that worked in the past may not in today’s world (Prensky, 2001). These technologies also raise flags about what exactly is learning. '''What is Learning?''' '''''Behaviorism versus Constructivism''''' Learning means different things to different people. Vygotsky (1978) writes that learning is “more than the acquisition of the ability to think; it is the acquisition of many specialized abilities for thinking about a variety of things” (p. 83). To those who follow a behaviorist pedagogy, learning is viewed as an activity that takes place inside the head of a person. The assumption is that the child’s mind is like a blank slate waiting to be written on or an empty container ready to be filled. Drill and skill techniques and the standardized tests that accompany them often underlie this theory, yet they may not be able to account for higher-order thinking found in society. Papert (1993) points to the work of Paulo Freire (1987) who uses a ‘banking model’ to describe the behaviorist approach to education. Based on Papert’s interpretation of Freire’s metaphor, “information is deposited in the child’s mind” (p. 14) and knowledge is “treated like money to be put away in a bank for the future” (p. 51). With such an approach, learning is always about the future potential to use it, not about the present. Today Web 2.0 and other emerging technologies make immediate use of learner skills and competencies more salient. Some scholars have attempted to extend the facets of constructionist theory to incorporate the use of technologies to facilitate the teaching and learning process. This is not to say that these scholars believe that computers alone will save education. They do not. In fact, Papert (1993) states that “nothing could be more absurd than an experiment in which computers are placed in a classroom where nothing else has changed” (p. 149). Following this lead, Jonassen (2000) argues that students do not learn from teachers or computers. Instead, Jonassen asserts that they both merely foster learning and views computers as cognitive tools, which he refers to as Mindtools. In Jonassen’s assessment, Mindtools are “intellectual partners that enhance the learner’s ability to think” (p. 17). Wedemeyer (1981) takes a similar position on the ways to enhance learning but argues that “learning via technology is not merely a matter of substituting technology for the classroom” (p. 111). While Wedemeyer believes that teachers will not be replaced by computers, he does acknowledge that technology is beneficial in that it can “free faculty members from custodial duties so more of the teacher’s and learner’s time can be given to truly educational needs” (p. 36). Perhaps today, more than a quarter century after Wedemeyer's writing, we can realize some of his predictions and ideals. Like Wedemeyer, Jonassen, and Papert, Michael and Chen (2006) agree that educators will continue to be an essential element in the teaching and learning process, no matter how important video games become; in fact, their vision of video games is one where they become “part of the new educational toolbox” (p. 142) Computer technologies are attractive because they provide students the opportunity to engage in complex thinking through active learning and autonomy. One example is Papert’s Logo project and the creation of “microworlds.” Logo was a computer-based environment where students could explore the concepts they learned by using programming languages to create and build creatures, as well as directing the movements of their design in this space. In this active and experiential environment, students were able control their learning and set their own goals. It is also in this type of space that multiple ways of understanding are acceptable and encouraged. Jonassen (2000) considers this move toward different approaches to knowing to be beneficial, and believes that the reason why students have a “deficient understanding of content” is because “they were required to represent what they know in only one way” (p. 281). According to Jonassen as well as Papert, that is the beauty of environments such as Logo; understanding surfaces from meaningful activities rather than memorizing the correct solution. This approach is in direct opposition to the current educational system that “insists on the student being precisely right” (Papert, 1993, p. 167). It is also in this space where teaching and learning are freed from the constraints and barriers of what Wedemeyer's (1981) referred to as “time-place conditions” (p. 37) – education can happen anytime, anyplace. Wedemeyer also suggests that this technological affordance “opens up the doors to greater learner independence by permitting physical distance between teacher and learner” (p. 112). And the opportunities for student and teacher being physically distant from one another have certainly exploded in the decades since Wedemeyer was espousing such views. Scholars have argued that the incorporation of technology into the teaching and learning process is complementary to the constructivist approach to education. Even though technology is viewed as a tool that fosters learning, it alone will not be enough to move education away from the behaviorist approaches that are entrenched in our current system. Wedemeyer (1981) suggests we may have to look beyond the classroom model for answers. He writes, “If America is on the threshold of becoming a Learning Society, non-traditional learning may be its most genuine ingredient” (p. 219). Nontraditional is certainly apparent today with Wikis for virtual collaboration, podcasts for playing lectures while driving in your car or on a morning jog, and subscribing to someone's blog posts or YouTube channel. It would fascinating to invite someone like Wedemeyer to comment on how he perceives the technologies of today in light or his writings and predictions from a few decades ago. '''''Situated Learning Theory''''' One way to effectively develop knowledge or skill in a topic area is through experience and learning in a rich, authentic context (Lave, 1988; Vygotsky, 1978). Lave and Wenger (1991) claim that learning “implies becoming a different person with respect to the possibilities enabled by these systems of relations” (p. 53). Individuals go through this process of knowing and learning in a variety of ways, but traditional education does not always take this into consideration. Instead, traditional education practices tend to regard thinking as a process that is consistent across all learners (Greeno, 1989). There are a number of factors that enable learners to take knowledge and apply it. In the current environment, educators have stressed the importance of transmitting facts to learners with the hope that information will transfer come test time. And therein lies the rub; the exchange value may be such that learners are able to perform well on tests and other assessment measures; however, this does not mean they will be able to activate that knowledge spontaneously. The knowledge may actually lie inert and unusable outside the context of classroom. Emerging technologies have helped make this more evident as learners are able to engage in more authentic and real-world contexts where, unlike traditional learning situations, they apply as well as reflect on their knowledge through interactive sharing. Unlike simulations and gaming, virtual worlds, and online tele-apprenticeships and problem-based learning, traditional education has created its own type of learning culture. Technically, it qualifies as a situated environment, but it is one in which the real world context is de-emphasized or completely severed from classroom learning. Instead of developing knowledge or tools that will assist them in solving problems, learners passively acquire a collection of facts from an all-knowing teacher. This type of knowledge is fragile and creates a situation where the learning becomes meaningless. At the time of this writing, however, the teachers’ perceived need to sacrifice deep understanding for broad material coverage overshadows such issues. There is a pervasive fear that valuable class time will be spent on initiatives that will not transfer is a real one. Therefore, traditional education focuses on microcontext teaching methods where subsets of larger problems are examined and oftentimes drilled into passive learners. With this approach, topics can change on a daily basis, without providing adequate time for learners to obtain a deep and rich understanding of the material. Learners may face a number of obstacles while attempting to develop their own knowledge skills, but there are ways to circumvent these issues. One is for educators to create communities of practice that foster the emergence of robust knowledge rather than the acquisition of applications and procedures. For learning to be valuable and for knowledge to emerge, Brown and his colleagues (1989) argue that there must be a combination and interaction of activity, culture, and concept. Along these same lines, Lave and Wenger (1991) refer to a dynamic interaction with these elements as Legitimate Peripheral Participation (LPP). According to Lave and Wenger, LPP occurs when “learners inevitably participate in communities of practitioners and that the mastery of knowledge and skill requires newcomers to move toward full participation in the sociocultural practices of a community” (p. 29). Anchored instruction – or apprenticeship-like learning experiences – is another way to integrate activity, culture, and concept into the teaching and learning environment (CTGV, 1990). In fact, Lave and Wenger (1991) suggest that in the United States today, much of the learning that requires higher-order thinking skills (e.g., medicine, law, business, engineering, etc.) is done through apprenticeship-like instruction. By becoming ingrained in the participatory process, learners understand how to actively use knowledge within an authentic context. This allows them to view information as a tool that evolves with use rather than a futile fact that remains inert. Instruction that is placed in a complex macro-context environment, like ones employed in anchored instruction, enable learners to sustain thinking about a particular topic over a period of time. Such a process allows them to move closer to becoming “experts.” Anchored instruction methods also enable learners to find ways to use elements that are available in the environment to assist them in solving problems. Through teacher-guided discovery and coaching, learners can develop a basis for their understanding. Once learners have gained self-confidence and understanding of the material, they can rely less on the teacher and more on others in the community via collaboration. In an attempt to avoid situating the activity within one particular context, multiple perspectives are provided to layer the content. The goal is to create a situation where the knowledge can be decontextualized in such a manner that it allows the learner to use it in other contexts. Another way to promote the possibility of transfer is by creating an environment that not only supports the process of thinking about novel problems, but also encourages the articulation and reflection of ideas. Learners who articulate and reflect on their problem-solving procedures develop metacognitive skills that enable them to compare their learning and knowledge to others. It also makes visible any misconceptions that may exist in the learner’s understanding, while allowing the teacher to determine what is simply being regurgitated to complete assignments. Overall, in order for learning and knowledge to be effective, they should be situated within a triangle of meaningful activities, culture, and concept (Brown, Collins, & Duguid, 1989). Taken out of its indexical context, learning loses its use value and becomes opaque. However, concerns over transferability have traditionally created a learning environment within the culture of schools that emphasizes the regurgitation of facts, rather than the development of deeper understandings and appreciations of the content. The acquisition of facts can be valuable in certain situations, but this type of knowledge can be rendered meaningless outside the confines of the classroom. In order for learners to take ownership for their learning and accurately assess their metacogntive skills, the learning and the knowledge cannot be extracted from the situation. By creating communities of practice like those described by Lave and Wenger (1991), learning and the development of knowledge can move out of the academic factory and into an environment that will enable learners to develop tools they can use in the world. As noted below, emerging technologies, such as virtual worlds and simulations, can be used to do just that. '''A Virtual Educational Model''' Learning is not what it used to be. Simply put, today’s students obtain knowledge differently from those of previous generations. It is important to emphasize that the interests and expectations in computers and video games of these technologically savvy students is not part of a quest to find an easier alternative; on the contrary, as Steinkuehler (2005) suggests, such tech savvy individuals are seeking out cognitive challenges via video games. Gee (2003) continues this line of thought, and argues that in the world of video games, “hard is not bad and easy is not good” (p. 165). Kurt Squire (2005, February) is another scholar who recognizes the appeal of complexity within video games, as well as the objections players have toward easy games. He argues that what players do not like are “‘uninteresting decisions’, or games that leave them confused with too many ‘easy’ decisions – decisions where there is no learning to be had” (p. 25). Therefore, some educators, such as Sasha Barab et al. (2005), propose a different type of educational model. This alternative is one that blends together games and learning, while adding one ingredient that is typically absent in education – fun. In addition to creating an enjoyable experience, virtual worlds, like ''Second Life'', provide students scaffolded spaces that can support practical experimentation, critical thinking, and other information literacy skills – important qualities needed in our technology-focused real world. Modern players’ expectations for video games and virtual worlds are high. Increasingly, they want complex special effects and high quality graphics that create an immersive and “realistic” experience. In virtual worlds, students are able to experiment with identity, explore online role playing, and develop shared values. As they handle tools and materials, observe and interact with others, student-players can experientially develop a deeper understanding of a theme, a topic, a period of time, or a concept. Situated within a visually rich and engaging space, players are encouraged to interact with each other and travel to virtual lands by selecting from a diverse array of paths at various points. In addition to information obtained through player-to-player interactions, designers utilize feedback such as hue, lighting, and shape to guide player’s activities, as well. Along with feedback that guides the players’ activities, the development of visual skills and creativity can enrich the students’ learning experiences. In worlds like ''Quest Atlantis'' and ''Second Life'' (''SL''), students can customize the appearance of their avatar, and, because the content in ''SL'' is created entirely by users, students may build content or interact with artifacts created by others. Students can also plan by mapping-out strategies to overcome challenges and navigate charted and uncharted paths. What’s more, they may explore alternatives or different viewpoints by modifying the visual display; for example, by selecting the avatar’s expression or switching between first- and third-person viewpoints. Even the physical act of controlling an avatar in real time may raise the students’ consciousness of the architectural constraints and possibilities. Also, students are able to create a sense of space through a process that Kalay (2004) contends is a “combination of context, activities, and action” (p. 196); they employ intellectual decision-making in order to accomplish both personal and in-game goals. Virtual worlds, such as ''Second Life'', are powerful in that they enable students to learn through seeing, knowing, feeling, and doing within visually rich and mentally engaging spaces. Rather than reading about events, such as the bloody conflicts between the colonists and the British soldiers, students who navigate Williamsburg in the history-themed, role playing game ''Revolution'' become part of the events through the adoption of a pre-set persona. In more fictional constructs such as ''Prospero’s Island'', students interact and collaborate with Shakespearean characters and other players, as well as experience scenes as images mapped to text. As an added benefit, scaffolded activities are far more likely to create a safe environment with minimal risk of failure or embarrassment (Steinkuehler, 2004). Since games offer many options and respond to player choices, student-players often feel as if they are in control of their learning, and, as a result, own their learning process (Herz, 2001). Some students even assert that they learned more in these environments than they would have if they had only read the text (Van, 2007). Table 1 provides a summary of the possible educational uses of ''Second Life''. '''Table 1. Educational Uses of ''Second Life''''' <blockquote> <table border="2" width="65%"> <tr><td>{{center/top}}'''Educational Uses'''{{center/end}}</td> <td>{{center/top}}'''The ''Second Life'' Experience'''{{center/end}}</td></tr> <tr><td>'''S'''upport experimentation</td><td>Construct identity, play with roles, develop shared values</td><tr> <tr><td>'''E'''ncourage play</td><td>Motivates students (Squire, 2005; Vygotsky, 1978)</td></tr> <tr><td>'''C'''onstruct scaffolded spaces</td><td>Practical experimentation; minimal risk</td></tr> <tr><td>'''O'''pt out of lecture and passive approaches</td><td>Learn through seeing, knowing, and doing</td></tr> <tr><td>'''N'''urture player choices and decision-making</td><td>Control and own the learning process</td></tr> <tr><td>'''D'''esign "realistic" environments (special effects/graphics)</td><td>Immersive and authentic experiences </td><tr> <tr><td>'''L'''ead students toward a sense of space (Kalay, 2004)</td><td>Context, activities, action</td></tr> <tr><td>'''I'''ncrease student learning</td><td>Greater than via text alone (Van, 2007)</td></tr> <tr><td>'''F'''oster the formation of a learning culture (Nardi et al., 2007)</td><td>Collaborate; create of new knowledge; develop greater understanding</td></tr> <tr><td>'''E'''nhance technology-focused skills</td><td>Visual skills, information literacy, critical thinking</td></tr> </table> </blockquote> </p> However, teaching and learning through video games or in virtual environments is not without its problems or concerns. First, while the power of play is motivating for some students (c.f., Squire, 2005), not everyone prefers to learn in a visual manner, which is privileged in virtual worlds. Additionally, there is a significant commitment by both instructors and students involved in such activities; for instance, educators who introduce students to a virtual experience should plan on prior instruction and hours of playing time before students grasp the main concepts that are introduced in the environment. In an examination of learning with commercially available video games in the classroom conducted by Kirriemuir and McFarlane (2004), they found that the “amount of time taken for both the student and teacher to orient themselves within the game” (p. 19) was one of the main disadvantages. Students’ expectations may skew the experience, as well; if they anticipate that the virtual world will be game-like, they may expect the look and feel of slick, commercial products. As Elliott and his colleagues (2002) discovered, this is an experience that is not always available in education-themed spaces. In virtual worlds, like ''Second Life'', other problems encountered by players may include banishment from the world for violations of community standards, encounters with griefers (i.e., players who cause grief to others in the virtual world through harassment), and even the costs associated with inflation. Hayes (2006) adds that as the teaching and learning opportunities available and exploited in ''SL'' expand, educators will also have to address issues regarding the proliferation of sexually explicit content as well as other sensitive and controversial topics. In addition to such issues and concerns, students may feel initially frustrated as they learn how to be in-world. As Johnson (2005) points out, “The dirty little secret of gaming is how much time you spend not having fun. You may be frustrated; you may be confused or disoriented; you may be stuck” (p. 25). But, as Clark Aldrich (2005) contends, this can be a positive sign in that “frustration during the learning program and then the feeling of resolution afterward is the most reliable sign that learning is going on” (p. 243). Gee (2007) would agree with this position and adds that while good video games are ones that are challenging yet do-able, it is through guidance that learners can “prepare for action” (p. 80). By overcoming these challenges, mastering tasks, and participating in communal activities presented within these virtual places, though, students are typically rewarded by gaining both points and status among other players (e.g., Herz, 2001). One study by Green and Bavelier (2003) also suggests that regular participation in these games can improve visual skills; skills that allow a student-player to decipher complex scenes, adapt more readily to distractions, and quickly and efficiently process fast-changing imagery and visual feedback. At least initially, some learners may become overwhelmed and frustrated with the virtual world, but Gee (2005) argues that these complex and cognitively challenging spaces are good not just because they are games; rather, he contends that the cutting edge is “realizing the potential of games for learning by building good games into good learning systems in and out of classrooms” (p. 21). '''Conclusion''' Despite those who suggest that there are benefits to the interactions that take place within these rich, complex virtual worlds, there is evidence to suggest that the educational community has been slow to adopt the use of new technologies in the classroom (Hitlin & Rainie, 2005). In some cases, parents are more accepting of incorporating video games and virtual worlds into the curriculum than teachers (Michael & Chen, 2006). Rather than relying on commercial game designers to exploit the learning potential of these environments, though, Lombardi and McCahill (2004) argue that it will take the efforts of educators to further these educational initiatives. In a recent report on game-based learning from the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) in the UK, Sara de Freitas (2007) from the Serious Games Institute in Coventry and Visiting Researcher at the London Knowledge Lab agrees with this perspective. She argues that designers, educators, and learners need to come together to move toward the creation of serious (i.e., educational) games and other immersive worlds. At the same time, scholars such as Coffman and Klinger (2008) remind others that even if educators do get involved in these efforts, they will continue to face the challenge of determining how to effectively integrate these virtual worlds into the curriculum. Nonetheless, educators are beginning to recognize the potential of ''Second Life'' and the ways in which this world could enhance learning in their own classrooms, as well as fostering student collaboration worldwide. Shaffer and his group (2005) observe that a shift toward games is happening in corporations and the military, but not education. However, Diana Oblinger (2004) points out that the interest in the concept of informal learning is on the rise. Currently, there are also signs to suggest that educational entities have started to explore the possibilities associated with virtual world environments, like ''Second Life''. According to the Horizon Report (2007), “educational use of these spaces is already underway and growing” (p. 18). Moreover, a survey conducted by the New Media Consortium (2007) found that educators believe that ''Second Life'' has great potential and consider this world to be a taste of the 3D future. There are many directions for virtual learning across educational settings. Large-scale adaption, effective training, and innovative uses are among the goals of many of the scholars and educators reviewed in this chapter. Inroads into awareness, pedagogy, and training will likely not overnight, but will be interesting to watch, analyze, and help promote during the coming decade. ---- '''References''' Aldrich, C. (2005). ''Learning by doing: A comprehensive guide to simulations, computer games, and pedagogy in e-learning and other educational experiences.'' San Francisco: Pfeiffer. Barab, S. A., Thomas, M., Dodge, T., Carteaux, R., & Tuzun, H. (2005). 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Retrieved November 12, 2007, from [http://www.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/erm0342.pdf] Oblinger, D. (2004). The next generation of educational engagement. ''Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 8'', 1-18. Retrieved October 3, 2007, from [http://www-jime.open.ac.uk/2004/8/oblinger-2004-8.pdf] Papert, S. (1993). ''The children’s machine: Rethinking school in the age of the computer''. New York: Basic Books. Prensky, M. (2001). ''Digital game-based learning''. New York: McGraw-Hill. Shaffer, D. W., Squire, K. R., Halverson, R., & Gee, J. P. (2005). Video games and the future of learning. ''Phi Delta Kappan, 87''(2), 104-111. Retrieved October 5, 2007, from the WilsonWeb database. Squire, K. (2005). Changing the game: What happens when video games enter the classroom? ''Innovate, 1''(6). Retrieved September 14, 2007, from http://www.innovateonline.info/index.php?view=article&id=82 Squire, K.(2005, February). Game-based learning: Present and future state of the field. ''The Masie Center''. Retrieved November 15, 2007, [http://www.masieweb.com/dmdocuments/Game-Based_Learning.pdf] Steinkuehler, C. A. (2004). Learning in massively multiplayer online games. In Y. B. Kafai, W. A. Sandoval, N. Enyedy, A. S. Nixon & F. Herrera (Eds.). ''Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of the Learning Sciences: Embracing Diversity in the Learning Sciences'' (pp. 521-528). Manwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Retrieved September 20, 2007, from [http://website.education.wisc.edu/steinkuehler/papers/SteinkuehlerICLS2004.pdf] Steinkuehler, C. A. (2005). Cognition and literacy in massively multiplayer online games. In D. Leu, J. Coiro, C. Lankshear & K. Knobel (Eds.), ''Handbook of research on new literacies''. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Retrieved September 15, 2007, from [http://labweb.education.wisc.edu/curric606/readings/Steinkuehler2005.pdf] Top 10 industry facts. (2007). ''Entertainment Software Association''. Retrieved November 14, 2007, from [http://www.theesa.com/facts/top_10_facts.php] Van, J. (2007, August 12). Training for the poor moves into computer age. ''The Chicago Tribune'', pp. 5.1, 5.4. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). ''Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes''. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Wedemeyer, C. A. (1981). ''Learning at the back door: Reflections on non-traditional learning in the lifespan''. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. {{BookCat}} esy6ncaghh5h4rva69md0qqt7vb10kr 0 135017 4634578 4485079 2026-05-07T08:51:58Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634578 wikitext text/x-wiki = The Role of Online Books and Libraries = == Information and Reference Service == '''Introduction''' As institutions that document the human record, libraries existed as early as the third millennium B.C.E. (Krummel, 2002). Libraries and librarians play a role in collecting, preserving, conserving, organizing books and prints for effective use by their patrons. This commitment has been fulfilled for thousands of years until recently due to the rapid growth of knowledge. Because we are in an information age, a frenetic era which has resulted in an information overload beyond an individual’s control, librarians stand fast and stick to their traditional commitment of making information available to their communities and users. They will effectively provide a vast array of information services and apply information technologies to the services for their diverse users. This article presents basic concepts of information and reference services in American libraries. '''The Challenge: Information Age''' i It seems impossible not to mention information age while we discuss information and reference services in libraries. It has changed the world dramatically and tremendously. Information age or the so called information era has great impacts on the modern world. Daniel Bell published his book - The Coming of Post-Industrial Society in 1973. He identified the coming of information age with revolution which would mark a complete break with the industrial past (Harris, 2002). The following passage explains why the age is so challenged and unique: ''"The sum total of humankind’s knowledge is doubled from 1750-1900. It doubled again from 1900-1950. Again from 1960-65. It has been estimated that the sum total of humankind’s knowledge has doubled every five years since then…It has been further projected that by the year of 2020, knowledge will double every 73 days (as cited in Gillani, 2003)."'' We are living in a time when knowledge is doubled every five years. We treasure the value of knowledge because it is a representation of human wisdom and intelligence. In the past, knowledge was well kept in print and saved in libraries. Now, it is no longer one organization's role to manage such huge amount of knowledge. Libraries are unable to control how information is preserved or accessed. This has resulted in a cultural shift. Instead of libraries and librarians being the gatekeepers to information, information is now readily available. According to Bell, information age is a name given to a period after the industrial age and it has been used to refer to the present economic era. Several revolutionary inventions generate the birth of this new era. Samuel F.B Morse’s invention of electrical telegraph in 1837 is considered the beginning of the information age. With this device, information can travel distances in seconds. Others inventions such as the typewriter, calculator, telephone, radio, and television were followed by his invention. Since the 1980s, personal computers have become available. With a personal computer, the user can easily produce and access information. We entered the era of “information age” in 1980. Information has become accessible via the Internet all over the world. In 1989, the invention of the World Wide Web made the Internet really take off as a global network. In order to transfer and retrieve information on the Internet, digital format has been quickly adopted by users. Texts, images, sounds, movies, and all kinds of media are digitized. Now, the Internet is the ultimate place to accelerate the flow of relevant information. These revolutionary spread of integrated digital communication systems has dramatically complicated and influenced modern society (Harris). Now, information can be presented in various formats other than print and it can be transferred long distance within a click. It was never considered that humankind had the ability to create more information than individuals can absorb (Gillani, 2003). With such amount knowledge and limited budgets, libraries had difficulties in keeping collections and patron’s needs in balance, and failed to keep up with information technology. Debates on libraries and librarian’s role in the era had been going on for decades in the late 20th century. The information revolution has put great pressure on libraries as they try to find their way through this dramatic and rapid shift. Fortunately, it didn’t take too much time for librarians to confirm their mission and to adopt information technology which not only has its impact on library services such as providing digital information, but also changes library development from inner and outer aspects. Nowadays, almost every library provides Internet access to its patrons via wireless connects and dozens of personal computers available to the general public and librarians today use an astonishing array of resources as they connect people with information and ideas (Harmon, Charles, and Symons). '''Information as Commodity''' As mentioned earlier, Bell’s prediction has come true. He pointed out that the information society would be characterized by a change from a goods-producing to an information-producing society. He also believed that information would come to represent the most important commodity sold in the new electronically linked world marketplace (Harris, 2005). Two decades later, his prediction was confirmed by Bill Gates, the president of Microsoft, who noted in his 1995 book titled "The Road Ahead" that digital information had indeed become a central commodity in a massive global information marketplace. Nowadays, a person who doesn’t know about using a computer and searching on the Internet is considered computer illiterate. It becomes more and more difficult to locate a piece of information without having some information literacy or digital literacy skills. Information overload even causes information anxiety. Many users are even willing to pay to find information efficiently. Information and information services have become commodities that users unwillingly purchase. The term, “Electronic Commerce”, interprets commercial transactions that use any electronic communications facilities. However, it is widely adopted in the 1990s to describe business transactions involving the Internet. By the early 1990s, several factors began to make the idea of commerce over the Internet both feasible and attractive. A related development was the improved capability and availability of U.S. and international telecommunications infrastructures, including the gradual introduction of digital technologies. Networked microcomputers were replacing mainframes and were generally accessible to businesses. Uniform packaged software platforms (operating systems) were widely adopted. The Internet began to establish itself as a global network, and in 1991, the set of instructions underlying the World Wide Web (WWW) were written. This allowed both the display of graphics as well as text on the web pages and the introduction of "hyperlinks," allowing easy movement from one web-page or site to another. This was further enhanced in 1993 by the development of Mosaic, the first "browser" (and predecessor to Netscape Navigator). With these changes, the Internet has become more "consumer friendly." Then, in 1995, the National Science Foundation (NSF) surrendered its role in managing the Internet to private enterprise, opening up its full commercial potential (Taylor, 2002). As of 2000, the businesses primarily receiving profits from use of the Internet were companies facilitating electronic commerce, rather than the online businesses themselves. It is clear nonetheless that there is an extraordinary expansion of e-commerce around the world. This global growth of electronic commerce has raised significant regulatory and legal issues at the national and global levels. The resolution of these issues may either facilitate or hinder the growth of e-commerce. In the late 20th century, digital information had indeed become a central commodity in a massive global information marketplace. The emergence of digital information such as e-books, e-journals, and hypertext writing systems appears to be “rapidly undermining previous commitments to the print-on-paper communication system that played such a fundamental part in constituting the libraries of the world” (Taylor, 2002). Issues such as preservation, conservation, distribution, ownership, and copyright of digital information, as well as training library personnel and users required comprehensive consideration to make further movement. It is also true that the commodification of information and privatization of information delivery system may lead abandonment of the idea of information as a public good. Librarians and others remain skeptical of the idea that it is conducive to the democratic process (Harris). Through close collaboration with experts of information technology and sharing resources and experiences with other librarians improves the quality of the services provided. It seems everyone now concurs with information as a commodity, but many people still remain troubled by the implications of the dramatic and relentless commodification of information. '''Information and Reference Services in Library''' According to Standard Committee, Reference and Adult Service Division, the outline of library services includes information service at a desk, interlibrary service, bibliographic service, correspondence, document service, and orientation and instructional service (as cited in Katz and Tarr, 1978). It should be noted that the information services mentioned above is being used in the broadest sense of the term library services and includes all traditional reference and information services. Reference service is one of several library services. The term "reference service" is defined as personal assistance provided to library users seeking information (Huling, 2002). Samuel Rothstein (1961) noted "May I remind you that in the United States of less than a century ago the library still took no responsibility whatsoever for the provision of personal assistance to its users." He called reference service the new dimension in librarianship in his article. Librarians, or reference librarians, usually start reference service from an interview at a reference desk with their library users. Through the interviews they identify what the user needs and what information might be helpful for the user. Reference service enlarges library services and provides interaction between librarians and their users. Yet, there are some challenges to put it into practice in the field. Rothstein pointed out that “help” is a great tent of a word that embraces an enormous range and variety of activities. For example, questions related to medical and legal issues (Crocker) may twist the virtue of reference service. Wyer (1930) identified three concepts of reference work: conservative, liberal, and moderate philosophy. The conservative philosophy instructs users in how to find the information on their own. The liberal philosophy holds that the reference librarian should locate the information for the user and provide it in the form needed. The moderate philosophy recognizes that maximum assistance will be offered based on a combination of library staffing, resources, time factors, and user need. The latter approach balances the instructional function with the full-service mode. Debates on these issues raged in the 1960s and 1970s, but they have abated as reference librarians have determined that a balanced approach takes into account the needs of the user at a particular time. Traditionally, reference service is offered in a face-to-face environment at a reference (information) desk. With revolutionary information and communication technologies, reference service now can be available via telephone, e-mail, and some web-based applications. Meanwhile, libraries also develop complex systems that consist of many procedures and functions which have included acquisition of materials, cataloging and classification, circulation and interlibrary loan, serials management, and reference services (Beheshti,2002). Francis J. Witty introduced some excellent collections of reference books. He mentioned that reference collection is the fourth most used collection after general stacks: periodicals, newspapers, and reserve. Reference collection includes the following heading listed in alphabetical order: Agriculture, Astronomy, Bibliography -Catalogs, Biography, Calendars-Almanacs, Cookery-Dietetics, Dictionaries, Encyclopedias-Encyclopedic Learning, Epitomes, Folklore-Marvels, Genealogy, geography –Travel-Foreign Customs, Grammar, History-Annals-Chronological Tables, Law, Literature, Mathematics, Medicine, Political Science-Government, Technology-Engineering. Reference books as well as the other collections in libraries are gradually digitized. Michael Levy’s study concluded that by the year 2020 some 90 percent of books sold would be published as e-books. With more and more digital collections and online service, libraries burst with speed connecting users and information. As Huling noted that modern libraries provide a strong link between the highly technological information environment and the users, advising on search strategies that help the user to focus the topic better and evaluate the information even as the user is able to access library catalogs and databases from home, office, and school. '''The Future: Digital Library''' An example of a totally digital and commercial library would be Microsoft's http://Corbis.com. This huge database comprises the largest collection of digital art and photography in the world, and half a million individuals visit this digital art library each day via the Internet. In the past, the library was a building that was expensive to build and operate. Being in the digital era when someone might think books are dead, with or without a physical environment, a digital library is definitely the future (Harris). '''References''' American Library Association, Reference and Adult Service Division,Evaluation of Reference and Adult Service Committee. (1995). The reference assessment manual. Ann Arbor, MI: Pierian Press. Beheshti, J. (2002). Library Automation. In Jorge Reina Schement (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Communication and Information, Vol. 2. (549-553). New York: Macmillan Reference USA. Retrieved December 01, 2007, from Gale Virtual Reference Library via Thomson Gale: <http://find.galegroup.com/gvrl/infomark.do?&contentSet=EBKS&type=retrieve&tabID=T001&prodId=GVRL&docId=CX3402900157&source=gale&userGroupName=indianastateuniv&version=1.0> Gillani, B. B. (2003). Learning theories and the design of e-learning environments. New York: University Press of America Huling, N. (2002). Reference Services and Information Access. In Jorge Reina Schement (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Communication and Information, Vol. 3. (867-874). New York: Macmillan Reference USA. Retrieved December 01, 2007, from Gale Virtual Reference Library via Thomson Gale: <http://find.galegroup.com/gvrl/infomark.do?&contentSet=EBKS&type=retrieve&tabID=T001&prodId=GVRL&docId=CX3402900240&source=gale&userGroupName=indianastateuniv&version=1.0> Harris, M. H. (2002). Libraries, Functions and Types of. In Jorge Reina Schement (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Communication and Information, Vol. 2. (531-538). New York: Macmillan Reference USA. Retrieved October 21, 2007, from Gale Virtual Reference Library via Thomson Gale: http://find.galegroup.com/gvrl/infomark.do?&contentSet=EBKS&type=retrieve&tabID=T001&prodId=GVRL&docId=CX3402900153&source=gale&userGroupName=indianastateuniv&version=1.0 > Katz, B. and Tarr A. (1978). Reference and information service. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press. Krummel, D. W. (2002). Libraries, History of. In Jorge Reina Schement (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Communication and Information, Vol. 2. (539-541). New York: Macmillan Reference USA. Retrieved October 21, 2007, from Gale Virtual Reference Library via Thomson Gale: http://find.galegroup.com/gvrl/infomark.do?&contentSet=EBKS&type=retrieve&tabID=T001&prodId=GVRL&docId=CX3402900154&source=gale&userGroupName=indianastateuniv&version=1.0 Taylor, R. D. (2002). Electronic Commerce. In Jorge Reina Schement (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Communication and Information, Vol. 1. (290-295). New York: Macmillan Reference USA. Retrieved October 21, 2007, from Gale Virtual Reference Library via Thomson Gale: http://find.galegroup.com/gvrl/infomark.do?&contentSet=EBKS&type=retrieve&tabID=T001&prodId=GVRL&docId=CX3402900089&source=gale&userGroupName=indianastateuniv&version=1.0 Information Age, Retrieved November 10, 2007, from Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_age == Integrating Library Resources into Course Management Systems == '''Introduction''' New technologies and programs for learning are transforming higher education institutions at an unprecedented rate. Libraries have been the mainstay in colleges and universities around the world for centuries. It is here that the learner can seek, find, rummage through, and summarize knowledge resources. It is here that learners feel the presence of thought leaders in any discipline they desire. It is here that the starting point for millions of inspired individuals takes place each day. Yet it is also a place in trouble and in need of revisioning so that libraries can lead and support the learning quests of the twentyfirst century. One area of obvious change and transformation in higher education is the emergence of blended and fully online learning. But it is not just the emergence, but the quick embracing of it by tens of thousands of learners as well as countless educators, policy makers, and other world leaders. Universities have fashioned new undergraduate, master's, and doctoral degrees as well as certificate programs. As colleges and universities increase the number of online courses and hybrid or blended courses that they offer, it is imperative that the library finds ways to support this new type of teaching and learning environment. If libraries fail to provide support, they risk being regarded as irrelevant at a time when they may be able to offer services and support in ways that were unimaginable in the past. In the OLCOS Roadmap 2012 (2007), libraries are viewed as an inhibitor in that they may have difficulty finding their place a technology-focused world - that is, unless they learn to better adapt to online environments and the behaviors exhibited in these spaces. Further, as more online resources become available, libraries must find ways to purchase and market these resources to students in both hybrid and distance education courses. With so much information freely available, it is also important for libraries to assist students in evaluating the information available. This is particularly true when reviewing and selecting online sources that can be written by anyone. The library can play a major role in assisting students in becoming critical thinkers and life-long learners. However, to be successful, they must take advantage of new technologies and the learning preferences of digital natives as well as digital immigrants such as the so called "Baby Boomers." In order to adequately support the 21st century classroom, libraries must know what students and faculty want or need from the library. To determine students needs, the library must first understand them--their culture, learning preferences, technology backgrounds and experiences, and learning goals. Through online and traditional face-to-face courses, colleges and universities are now serving a wide variety of students. Students currently enrolled in academic institutions are extremely different from students in college 20 or 30 years ago. Those enrolled in courses now are nontraditional students such as Baby Boomers (born between 1946 and 1964), as well as students referred to as the Net Generation, or those born after 1980 (Hartman, Moskal & Dziuban, 2005; Oblinger & Oblinger, 2005). The Net Generation (Net Gen), also referred to as Digital Natives, are students that are “accustomed to multimedia environments: figuring things out for themselves without consulting manuals; working in groups; and multitasking” (Lippincott 2005. Net Gen students are comfortable with technology and spend a lot of time using social software such as Facebook, MySpace, and instant messaging. Net Gen students often prefer instant messaging and text-messaging to e-mail. In addition, these students “are more comfortable with image-rich environments than with text...and will refuse to read large amounts of text” (Oblinger & Oblinger, 2005). They also prefer to learn through by discovery instead being told. It should be noted that any person that uses technology heavily will exhibit characteristics of the Net Generation regardless of age (Oblinger & Oblinger, 2005). Christopher Dede (2005) at Harvard also recognizes the effects of technology on individuals, regardless of their generation, and refers to the formation of a neomillennial learning style. Different students have different needs. This can be seen in the dissimilarities between Baby Boomers and Net Gen students. For example, Baby Boomers did not grow up with technology and sometimes have trouble getting technology to work for them. They are also used to being told how to find or locate information. When these students return to school they are most interested in convenience and flexibility, and ultimately obtaining a degree or certificate. In addition, they report being generally satisfied with online courses. This is in contrast to traditional-age students who are often interested in the social aspects of college. (Oblinger & Oblinger, 2005). The challenge for librarians, as well as everyone in higher education, is to provide meaningful learning to digital natives who are technologically-savvy, as well as Baby Boomers who may not be as comfortable navigating various online arenas. Libraries have to provide instruction and other services that will address the needs of both groups of students - individuals who very often want information in different formats. While younger students tend to be more visual and like to explore instead of being told information, they also want personalized assistance. In addition, these students expect services to be relevant to their needs and available at the point of need. To help deal with this challenge, the Association of College and Research Libraries, a professional organization which focuses on issues important to libraries in higher education, adopted the “Guidelines for Distance Learning Library Services” ([http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlstandards/guidelinesdistancelearning.cfm]). Many libraries use these guidelines when developing and evaluating services for distance education students. Among other things, these guidelines recommend that distance education students receive access to services and resources that are comparable to those received by students and faculty in traditional face-to-face courses. '''Course Management Systems''' The current trend in libraries to support e-learning and hybrid courses is by incorporating library services and resources into Course Management Systems (CMS). CMS are online software applications that assist faculty in using technology. They typically include discussion boards, online chat, and email. Syllabi, announcement boards, and digital drop boxes are also available to help instructors manage course information for individual classes (Gibbons, 2005a). While the term CMS itself is extremely common, these types of software applications are referred to by many names, including virtual learning environments (VLEs), course-management software packages, course management systems, learning-management software, e-Courseware, and virtual courses (Gibbons, 2005a). Since students frequently use CMS to access course information, libraries have begun to support student learning by incorporating their own component into the CMS. Another reason why libraries are investigating the addition of library services to CMS is that students are more interested in resources that are applicable to a particular course. While it is true that libraries frequently set up their websites to support student research based on discipline, this does not help students who are looking for specific resources and may not think of materials in terms of particular disciplines (Reeb & Gibbons, 2004). Because of this, libraries have realized that their services and resources must be incorporated into the CMS, as the CMS can “serve as the door to the library” (Gibbons 24). In her article “Strategies for the Library: CMS Integration Barriers,” Gibbons discusses two ways of incorporating the library into the CMS: at the macro-level and micro-level. At the macro-level, the library is added to the CMS in a more basic manner. A link to the library’s web site or online catalog can be added to the main menu; alternatively, a subject guide relevant to the course can added to the CMS (Gibbons 24). Libraries can also create videos or podcasts that explain how to use resources or teach students concepts such as effective search strategies. These resources can then be added to the CMS for students to access. The CMS can also be set up to allow students to instant message librarians. This would allow students to easily send messages to the librarian when they need help. Students who visit the library’s web site may find it difficult to locate the appropriate resources. By adding these features to the CMS, students are able to quickly locate library resources and communicate with a librarian. While these tools can also be put on the library’s web site, many students may not visit the library’s web site when doing research. Instead, they may first go to Google or another search engine. In the end, adding a library component to the CMS may result in more students using library resources. When this occurs in large scale or small scale online learning initiatives, the role of the is definitely enhanced. While the macro-level integration is a way to easily incorporate the library into a course, that alone merely provides general support designed for a large group of students. Certainly, some students may find this to be beneficial; however, it is not the personalized and individualized assistance that many Net Gen students desire. One way to provide more fine-grained (i.e., micro-level) or personalized assistance to these students is through a course guide instead of a subject guide. A course guide can include a list of specific resources appropriate for a particular class. At Indiana University at Bloomington, for example, librarians create course guides that often include the librarian’s contact information, recommended key words, and a list of the best resources for locating materials for course assignments. Another innovative approach that may satisfy the needs of the Net Gen students is known as the “embedded librarian.” The Community College of Vermont is one institution that allowed librarians to be teaching assistances for online courses. In this situation, the librarians participated in discussion forums related to research assignments. The librarians were also able to post research tips, as well as set up online discussion forums explaining their role and inviting students to ask questions. These services were ones that the students at this institution appreciated and responded to in a positive manner. For this type of program to be successful, however, the library needs to have the support of faculty – individuals who traditionally are not accustomed to having librarians involved in their courses. Those involved in the program also found that this service is more successful when faculty encourage students to take part in the discussions. Additionally, it is critical to provide access to the librarians at the point of need, such as when students are working on a research paper (Matthew and Schroeder 61). Other ways librarians can interact with students is through virtual office hours. Details about this service can be conveyed to students in three ways: first, librarians who have course privileges can send an email message to students notifying them of their hours; second, an announcement can be posted to the CMS; and third, the librarians can ask instructors to convey this information to the students. Gibbons discusses Cox’s suggestion of sending out a notice as to the time the librarian will be logged in and asking students to stop by to discuss their research (Gibbons 31). To accommodate the greatest number of individuals, librarians can contact students to determine what days and times would fit their schedules. If possible, librarians can also have office hours more than once a week. In order to serve the needs of certain types of students, after-hours and more informal sessions may be needed. Because Net Gen students as well as non-traditional students may stay up until the early morning hours, librarians can assist by offering reference beyond the normal hours. For distance education students, it may be important for librarians or support staff to hold office hours in the evening or at night. During mid-terms and final exams, the librarian can schedule “night owl hours” to appeal to students who need help at the last minute. If an online course has social interaction activities such as coffeehouse hours, librarians can join in these activities, as well. There are many benefits related to the micro-level integration of library services into the CMS. Because students may view these materials as part of the course, they may be more likely to utilize library services if they are embedded into the CMS. Also, librarians who are successful in establishing a positive relationship with students through their interactions in the CMS can be helpful contacts in the future should a librarian not be part of the ensuing courses. Due to the increased exposure to and familiarity with these resources and services, students may also seek out the library in general such when doing research in the future. While there are many positive aspects associated with this approach, it is important to keep in mind some of the challenges librarians may face, as well. For example, the primary disadvantage of adding a library presence to the CMS is that it is extremely time consuming. Most librarians do not have time to serve as an embedded librarian or hold virtual office hours. While creating course pages can be less demanding, it too can be time consuming depending on the tools available in the library. However, some librarians have found that an efficient way to create a customized guide is by building on a more generic one. Instead of creating totally new guides for each course, the librarian can add or remove resources as necessary from a generic guide. The micro approach also requires the librarian to rely on the faculty member. If faculty members do not allow the librarian to take part in the course in a meaningful way, then it does not benefit the student. {{center/top}} <h3>Course Management Systems Frequently Used At Institutions of Higher Education</h3> {{center/end}} <blockquote> <table border="2" width="99%"> <tr> <td><b>Course Management Systems</b></td> <td><b>Descriptions</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Angel</b> Website: http://www.angellearning.com/ Angel Preview: http://www.angellearning.com/Global/AccountRequest/accountRequest.asp Migrate to Angel Learning Management System: http://www.angellearning.com/applied/migrate/ Teaching & Learning with Angel LMS Webinars http://www.angellearning.com/webinars/default.html </td> <td>Known as a learning management system instead of a course management system, ANGEL strives to support teaching and learning by offering a suite of tools to assist educators in managing courses. ANGEL is also designed to meet the needs of students by including tools that appeal to various students’ learning styles. Clients include K-12 market as well as higher education and the business sector. </td> </tr> <td><b>Blackboard</b> Website: http://www.blackboard.com Blackboard Preview: http://coursesites.blackboard.com Building Blocks Overview http://www.blackboard.com/dev/DevOverview.htm </td> <td>Works primarily with K-12 market as well as higher education, corporations and government. Blackboard’s Course Management System, the Blackboard Learning System, is the most frequently used CMS among colleges and universities in the United States. Blackboard recently bought, WebCT another CMS popular with academic institutions.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Desire2Learn</b><br/><br/> Website: http://www.desire2learn.com<br/> Desire2Learn Preview: http://www.desire2learn.com/demos/<br/> </td> <td>Provides an adaptable suite of applications to support course management, which are known as the E-Learning Enterprise Suite. The applications included in the suite are Desire2Learn Learning Environment, Desire2Learn Learning Repository, and Desire2Learn Live Chat. They also offer Desire2Learn Essentials for smaller institutions. Clients include the K-12 market, higher education, business, government, and healthcare. </td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Moodle</b> Website: http://moodle.org/ Moodle Preview: http://moodle.org/course/category.php?id=2 Moodle News http://moodle.org/mod/data/view.php?id=6140/ </td> <td>Moodle is an open source course management system. It can be customized to be used by one teacher as well as institutions with 200,000 students. Moodle is used in 196 countries with users who speak over 70 languages.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b>Sakai</b> Website: http://sakaiproject.org/ Sakai Video: http://www.sakaiproject.org/media2/2006/overview/overview.htm Sakai Course Management Systems:<br> https://coursework.stanford.edu/portal<br/> https://oncourse.iu.edu/portal<br/> https://ctools.umich.edu/portal<br/> http://stellar.mit.edu/<br/> </td> <td>Sakai is an open source course management system development by Indiana University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University and University of Michigan. Sakai now has approximately 100 institutions in its partner programs. </td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> '''Marketing Library Services''' Regardless of the approach used, macro or micro, it is important for librarians to market their services. The library often offers services that faculty and students (both face-to-face and those taking courses at a distance) do not realize exist. In a study on Pennsylvania State University’s World Campus (note: Penn State World Campus courses are conducted at a distance), the results indicate that students were “relatively uninformed of the wealth of library resources and services afforded them”(Moyo & Cahoy 352). However, if students know about the services, then they are more likely to use them. One method for marketing the services is to do so via the CMS. The CMS administrator can include campus news and updates in a highly visible location, such as the main menu. Library news and offerings can be added to the campus news section to allow students to learn of new services (Lawrence 237). The library can also add an RSS feed to the CMS to enable students to subscribe to news updates. In addition, the librarian can add an RSS feed to individual course pages that would allow students to be notified when the page is updated. If the instructor already has an RSS feed, the librarian can ask the instructor to add library content to the feeds. Ultimately, the hope is that these actions will increase the likelihood that the students will access library generated content. As mentioned earlier, part of the library’s success relies on faculty buy-in. Students are more likely to use the library if the faculty member requires or recommends the use of library materials and services to students. Instructors spend a substantial amount of time with students and can be an effective means of generating interest in the library. '''Conclusion''' While Course Management Systems may require more work for librarians due to the responsibility of creating and updating tutorials and guides that are added to the CMS, when effectively planned out, designed, and integrated, librarians will have a stronger connection to faculty and students. To create customized guides, librarians will need to have a deeper understanding of individual courses, which will result in librarians communicating more frequently with instructors (Gibbons 44). As a result of the close contact with faculty, librarians will also know when course offerings change and when instructors decide to take a new approach to teaching a course. Librarians who have a more intimate knowledge of courses can order materials that will benefit the courses being taught, which will also improve the collection development for that subject. At a time when the relevancy of libraries are often questioned in higher education--especially in situations wherein higher education is being required to constantly assess the teaching and learning environments--a CMS can offer librarians a way to remain relevant to both students and faculty. Through increased interaction, both students and faculty will be able to see the difference a librarian can make in courses. This type of presence also sends a message to students and faculty that the library is concerned with their needs. To more fully realize the potential of libraries in the CMS, librarians need to encourage library vendors to utilize OpenURL options and allow feeds to be generated from electronic resources (Gibbons 45) Moreover, librarians need to form a partnership with faculty, as well as the Information Technology department, to be active in the development of the CMS and promote the addition of library services into the CMS whenever possible. We are in a world rich with information and learning opportunities. With proper vision and leadership, libraries will continue to offer access to these resources for the vast majority of learners. This is a key point since the number of learners continues to proliferate each year with additional fully online and blended learning opportunities. As such, the role of the library in this online world should simultaneously rise in prominence as well. We will see. ---- '''References''' Dede, C. (2005). Planning for neomillennial learning styles: Implications for investments in technology and faculty. In D. G. Oblinger & J. L. Oblinger (Eds.), ''Educating the net generation''. Retrieved November 29, 2007, from: [http://www.educause.edu/content.asp?page_id=6069&bhcp=1] Geser, G. (Ed.). (2007, January). ''Open educational practices and resources: OLCOS Roadmap 2012''. Retrieved November 29, 2007, from [http://www.olcos.org/english/roadmap/] Gibbons, S. (2005a, June). “Course-management systems.” ''Library technology reports'', 7-11. 19 November 2007 <[http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=3&hid=102&sid=519bb9a8-d8e2-413e-9c77-b7066f8fecbe%40sessionmgr109].> Gibbons, S. (2005b, June). “Strategies for the library: CMS integration barriers.” ''Library Technology Reports'' 24-32. 19 November 2007 <[http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=3&hid=102&sid=519bb9a8-d8e2-413e-9c77-b7066f8fecbe%40sessionmgr109&gt].> Gibbons, S. (2005c, June). “Going forward.” ''Library technology reports,'' 44-45. 19 November 2007 <[http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=3&hid=102&sid=519bb9a8-d8e2-413e-9c77-b7066f8fecbe%40sessionmgr109].> Hartman, J., Moskal, P., & Dziuban, C. (2005). “Preparing the academy of today for the learner of tomorrow.” In D. G. Oblinger and J. L. Oblinger (Eds,), ''Educating the Net Generation''. Boulder, CO: EDUCAUSE, 6.1-6.11. Lawrence, D. H. (2006). “Blackboard on a shoestring: Tying courses to sources.” ''Journal of Library Administration'' ''45''(1/2), 245-265. 6 October 2007 <[http://bert.lib.indiana.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=23647508&site=ehost-live&gt].> Lippincott, J. K. (2005). “Net generation students and libraries.” ''Educating the net generation''. Eds. Diana G. Oblinger and James L. Oblinger. Boulder, CO: EDUCAUSE, ''13'', 1-13. Matthew, V., Schroeder, A. (2006). “The embedded librarian program.” ''EDUCAUSE Quarterly'' ''29''(4), 61-65. <[http://connect.educause.edu/library/abstract/TheEmbeddedLibrarian/39996].> Mutinta M. L., & Cahoy, E. S. (2006). “Library use in the e-learning environment: A profile of Penn State' s World Campus faculty and students.” ''Journal of Library Administration'' ''45''(3/4), 339-359. <[http://bert.lib.indiana.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=23653721&site=ehost-live].> Oblinger, D. G., & Oblinger, J. L. (Eds.). (2005). ''Educating the Net Generation''. Boulder, CO: EDUCAUSE, 6.1-6.11. Reeb, B., & Gibbons, S. (2004) “Students, librarians, and subject guides: Improving a poor rate of return.” ''Libraries and the academy'' ''4''(1), 123-130. 16 November 2007. == The Librarian’s Role in supporting Online Learning : How the Librarian can support online courses == '''Introduction''' The rapid evolution of information technology has contributed to more information exchange and information needs from library and librarian. In the new digital age, students need to find and use various online resources. And in this technology-focused era, information literacy is gaining importance. In the 21st century, librarians face more challenges due to recent technology growth; thus, necessitating a professional and user's depth dependence more than was experienced just 10 years ago. How can we play the role of Librarian 2.0 in supporting online learning? These are issues that are discussed in this section. '''The Role of Librarian 2.0 ''' In light of the rapid evolution of technology and information, today’s librarian must learn how to use and access information through the latest technologies, such as RSS, wikis, blog, podcasting, and open access resources. As David Lee King (2007) suggests, those who are a Librarian 2.0 have a Library 2.0 job. To King, this is obvious. He states that if the job consists of implementing emerging web 2.0 technologies and other trends, then the individual is probably a Librarian 2.0. In some cases, the job title may be different, but part of the tasks involves the implementation of emerging trends regardless. This could be as part of the librarians’ job or activities they do as part of their professional interests. Alternatively, the use of these technologies may not be part of the job. In the librarians’ personal time, they may author a blog, set up a Facebook account, or monitor multiple instant messenger accounts. Stephen Abram (2006), Vice President for Innovation at the SirsiDynix, believes that the Librarian 2.0 understands their users at a deeper level, understands end users in terms of their goals and aspirations, workflows, and social and content needs. In other words, he considers the Librarian 2.0 to be a “guru of the information age” (Abram, 2006). To summarize, Abram points out that the Librarian 2.0 strives to do the following: understand the power of the Web 2.0 opportunities; learn the major tools of Web 2.0 and Library 2.0; and combine e-resources and print formats. Abram also notes that the Librarian 2.0 is container and format agnostic; is device independent and uses and delivers to everything from laptops to PDAs to iPods. He also notes that these individuals develop targeted federated searches and adopts the OpenURL standard; connect people and technology and information in context; doesn’t shy away from non-traditional cataloging and classification and chooses tagging, tag clouds, folksonomies, and user-driven content descriptions and classifications where appropriate. Moreover, Abram argues that the these librarians embrace non-textual information and the power of pictures, moving images, sight, and sound; understand the “long tail” and leverages the power of old and new content; and see the potential in using content sources like the Open Content Alliance, Google Print, and Open WorldCat. And finally, Abram ends his list by suggesting that those who fit the Librarian 2.0 model connect users to expert discussions, conversations, and communities of practice and participates there as well; use the latest tools of communication (such as Skype) to connect content, expertise, information coaching, and people; use and develops advanced social networks to enterprise advantage; connect with everyone using their communication mode of choice – telephone, virtual reference, i.e. Skype, IM, SMS or email just to name a few; encourage user driven metadata and user developed content and commentary; and understands the wisdom of crowds and the emerging roles and impacts of the blogosphere, Web syndicasphere and wikisphere. Are you beginning to prepare to become a Librarian's 2.0? Did you think Stephen Abram’s suggestions will difficult to accomplish? In the next paragraph, I will introduce the skills and traits of the Librarian 2.0. '''The Skill of Librarian 2.0''' Technology is changing rapidly, and with these new devices come an increase in the amount of information that is available. This in turn places more demands on the reader. How do individuals prepare to become a Librarian 2.0 and support the user’s online learning needs? Those who want to become a Librarian 2.0 and focus on reference services can follow Michael Stephens’ (2007) outline of Librarian 2.0 skills. He argues individuals who are classified as a Librarian 2.0 must do the following: <ul> <li>Librarian 2.0 plans for his users: This librarian bases all planning and proposals for services, materials and outreach on user needs and wants, and tells users how resources and funds will be expended. <li>Librarian 2.0 embraces Web 2.0 tools: This librarian uses Instant Messaging (such as AIM, MSN, Yahoo, Google talk messengers）to meet users in their space online, builds weblogs and wikis as resources to further the mission of the library, and provide RSS service to announce the newsletters, and mashes up content via API (Application Program Interface) to build useful Web sites. <li>Librarian 2.0 controls techno lust: This librarian does not worship blindly information and technology. This librarian uses technology to meet the needs of users and improve the users' experience. <li>Librarian 2.0 makes good, yet fast decisions: This librarian recognizes how quickly the world and library users change with advancing technology. <li>Librarian 2.0 is a trend spotter: This librarian seeks out information and news that may impact future services, and understands the impact of technology on users. <li>Librarian 2.0 gets content: This librarian understands that the future of libraries will be guided by how users access, consume and create content. In addition, this librarian will help users become their own programming director for all of the content available to them. </ul> '''Conclusion''' After reading the pronouncements made by individuals, such as Stephen Abram and Michael Stephens, will librarians have a clearer understanding of the Librarian's 2.0 or have confidence to become a Librarian 2.0? The work by Stephen Abram and Michael Stephens can be used as a strategy guide, and both authors provide suggestions that can serve as a good model for any level library of librarian. If individuals in this profession are prepared to adopt the role and acquire the skills of a Librarian 2.0, then it is likely that they will be in a position to provide good service and suitable online instruction for their users. Although using new technology as a teaching tool can be an extremely laborious process, helping users find the information they need is an essential part of the librarians’ mission. '''References''' Abram, S. (2006). Web 2.0, library 2.0, and librarian 2.0: Preparing for the 2.0 world. ''SirsiDynix OneSource''. Retrieved December 1, 2007, from [http://www.imakenews.com/sirsi/e_article000505688.cfm] King, D. L. (2007, August 1). Am I a 2.0 librarian and the library 2.0 spectrum. Retrieved December 1, 2007, from [http://www.davidleeking.com/2007/08/01/am-i-a-20-librarian-and-the-library-20-spectrum/] Stephens, M. (2007). You gotta hold on: Creating socially present web-services in libraries. Retrieved December 6, 2007, from [http://www.clicweb.org/continuing_education/clic_workshops/CALChandouts/skillsfor21st.ppt] {{BookCat}} 0b8w7rekx4hqn31jfh9sberik8p64ui 8 135468 4634434 4630925 2026-05-06T13:49:49Z Codename Noreste 3441010 Changing to a separate proposal I created. 4634434 wikitext text/x-wiki An [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals#Proposal related to FlaggedRevs|ongoing proposal]] involving the FlaggedRevs extension is open for discussion. rxq3wt9i6kizyufc23fvwaci6xct5df 1 139132 4634585 4624574 2026-05-07T09:14:13Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634585 wikitext text/x-wiki == КАТАЛОГ == : ''Перенесено со страницы [[w:ru:Обсуждение Википедии:Проект:Филателия/Архив-2007 (сентябрь—октябрь)]]'' Предлагаю создать страницы: каталог марок СССР и каталог марок России с указанием № ЦФА и ИТЦ, и других каталожных номеров (какие найдем в инете) с колонкой на английском языке. Указывать так же год выпуска, номинал. Вместо изображений марок - ссылки на них на викисклад. С сортировкой по годам и по каталожным номерам. Если приживется, то по-тихоньку и по другим странам можно создать. --Mariluna 11:42, 18 сентября 2007 (UTC) : Мысль хорошая, но есть ряд моментов: (1) это очень трудоёмкая задача, Вы готовы сами выполнить хотя бы 50%, если да, то начинайте. Вряд ли стоит надеяться на других, увы. Нет ничего, хуже, чем висящий жалкий недоконченый список из нескольких пунктов, который рано или поздно "активисты" удаляют из ВИКИ. (2) Если создавать, то озаглавить его не каталогом, а списком. (3) Подходит ли такой каталог Википедии? Не удалят ли его по такой причине? Было бы обидно. Надо этот вопрос изучить. В принципе что-то подобное я, кажется, видел в англ. ВП по паре-тройке стран. Или, может, этот проект стоит создавать в рамках Вики-учебника? (4) Вряд ли можно будет залить на склад ВСЕ марки... Да и ни к чему, наверно. (5) Кстати, я уже давно размышляю насчёт создания в Вики каталога календариков (коллекционирую предвыборные календарики). В отличие от марок, которых десятки каталогов существуют, каталогов календариков фактически нет ни одного. Слишком дёшев объект собирательства. И вот тут встаёт главный вопрос, ЗАЧЕМ нужен такой каталог марок в ВП, по Вашему мнению? --[[Участник:Л.П. Джепко|Л.П. Джепко]] 14:32, 18 сентября 2007 (UTC) :: Чтобы привести в порядок закачанные марки, чтобы можно было видеть, какие из них есть на складе. Я посмотрела, в инете нет нормального каталога по маркам, с указанием каталожных номеров по Скотту, Мишелю, с переводом на английский. У меня есть некоторые каталоги, могла бы начать. Кто поможет? Кто поддерживает идею?--Mariluna 16:15, 18 сентября 2007 (UTC) ::: Думаю, для Википедии было бы гораздо уместнее изложение предмета в виде, сходном с брошюрой Н.И.Владинца "Филателистическая география. Советский союз" - М.: Радио и связь, 1982. А вот к нему уже органически присоседить список с каталожными номерами по всем каталогам и ссылками на Викисклад. По крайней мере у меня бы такая статья вопросов бы не вызвала. Но! Нафига делать работу, которая и так уже сделана Владинцом и ЦФА? Судя по всему, цели столь трудоёмкого проекта сугубо технические (систематизировать филателистический Викисклад) - стоит ли затрачивать столько усилий, имея на выходе столь небольшой выхлоп? [[Участник:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 16:21, 18 сентября 2007 (UTC) :::: Марилуна: посмотрел я в англ. википедии уже создан целый ряд списков марок по тематикам. Думаю, такое же можно начать и у нас, если есть желание - создавайте по Вашей любимой теме (темам), скажем - награды на марках, а там, может, народ и подтянется. Только вначале надо тщательно обдумать форму таблицы. Я-то сам википедист, но не филателист. Собираю каким-то боком календарики, значки, но только в части освещения избирательных кампаний. А в филателии разбираюсь постольку, поскольку был членом КЮФ в детстве. А каталоги марок - это интерес филателистов прежде всего. --[[Участник:Л.П. Джепко|Л.П. Джепко]] 17:47, 28 сентября 2007 (UTC) Мария, видели ли Вы, что я уже написал Вам по этому поводу на Вашей складской [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Mariluna#wikibooks:World_Stamp_Catalogue страничке] обсуждения? Такой википроект уже давно существует — [[:wikibooks:World Stamp Catalogue]]. При желании к нему можно просто подключиться и создавать разделы для СССР, России и других стран. —[[Участник:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 03:42, 2 ноября 2007 (UTC) Здравствуйте! Извините, что долго не отвечала. Видела. Но там совсем мало сделано. Я еще думаю как лучше делать каталог по темам или по годам или по странам и по годам. И где? На складе, чтобы был общим для всех, или на рувики, с колонкой на англ. языке или без? Если есть какие предложения пишите. А то информация большая, не хочется по 100 раз переделывать. Все года каталога СССР на одной странице не помещаются по размеру. А как лучше разбить не знаю.--[[Участник:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 18:11, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) И ещё - марок для каталога маловато закачано на склад. Нужно их поднакопить. А то по маркам СССР совсем мало. Только последние годы - более менее имеются--[[Участник:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 18:15, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) : Мое мнение: такой каталог должен однозначно создаваться в рамках спецпроекта [[:wikibooks:World Stamp Catalogue]]. То, что там мало сделано, не страшно. Присоединение к проекту новых участников и использование ботов для заливки информации и имиджей из других электронных ресурсов помогут развитию проекта. Дублировать, Мария, не стоит: только распылять свои силы будете. Кроме того, подобный каталог — это явно не формат для склада и рувики, которые не предназначены для создания каталогов вообще. Смотрите общие задачи и описания этих проектов. Делать на [[:wikibooks:World Stamp Catalogue]] нужно, конечно же, для начала не по темам (хотя такая категоризация тоже там предусмотрена), а по странам и по годам. Мне будет жаль, если мне не удастся Вас переубедить по этому вопросу. Надеюсь, что другие участники филпроекта тоже выскажутся. С уважением, —[[Участник:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:19, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) :: Вот, кстати, чем неудобен движок ВП - в нём нельзя сделать сразу и сортировку по темам, и сортировку по странам, и сортировку по годам. То есть можно, но только через механизм Категорий и Шаблонов - что явно не так удобно, как, допустим, через метки-теги. Теоретически в ВП есть такая штука как таблицы с возможностью клика по каждой колонке и перестройки её позиций в соответствие с выбранным критерием. Но это тоже не так удобно (всё равно юзеру придётся кликать по каждой позиции, чтобы увидеть подробности). Может, стоит просто подождать, пока движок эволюционирует? И не торопить события right now, делая напрасный труд по вбиванию фактуры, которой будет сложно пользоваться? [[Участник:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 04:16, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) Да, на счёт викибук, то это английская версия. А нам нужен русский каталог. А если русский каталог, то значит на русском викибуке. А здесь нет филателии. Следовательно, либо викисклад, доступный и общий для всех стран, а не только для России или США, или на рувики.--[[Участник:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 21:28, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) Лучше от туда перенести статьи на склад. Я так думаю.--[[Участник:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 21:30, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) : Еше раз хочу Вам сказать, что ни Склад, ни Рувики ни по своим задачам, ни по формату не приемлемы для создания такого каталога. К Вам там сразу будут претензии в сочетании с шаблоном "К удалению". Никто не запрещает Вам на [[:wikibooks:World Stamp Catalogue]] создавать русский каталог с английским параллельным переводом. Или, уж если на то пошло, можно делать чисто русский каталог в [http://ru.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0 русском разделе] wikibooks, но потом всё равно кому-то придется выполять повторно ту же самую работу на [[:wikibooks:World Stamp Catalogue]]. Не проще ли сразу присоединиться к глобальному проекту? Вы мне объясните, почему Вы так категорически настроены против [[:wikibooks:World Stamp Catalogue]]? :) --[[Участник:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:47, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) 1. Там не глобальный проект, а местный, американский. Совсем не развит. 2. В категориях на викискладе гораздо больше марок закачано, чем представлено в этих каталогах. 3. Делать каталог на викибуке будет гораздо труднее по техническим причинам. И будет неудобно смотреть информацию по маркам. Так как сначала идёт ссылка на викисклад. Чтобы посмотреть информацию по марке, нужно будет 2 раза нажимать на её изображении. 4. На викискладе тоже есть статьи, и не мало. И на русском и на английском. И создаются они в этих же категориях, что и изображения. Бывает что отдельно.--[[Участник:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 22:06, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) : Попробую еще раз Вам объяснить: : 1. Почему Вы решили, что это «не глобальный проект, а местный, американский»? Читаем: <blockquote>Wikibooks '''World''' Stamp Catalogue<br /> A catalogue of postage stamps '''from around the world''' </blockquote> : То, что Вы увидели там американский раздел (а есть еще на данный момент 7 стран Европы, Новая Зеландия и Китай в разной степени проработки), означает лишь то, что пока к проекту подключилось не так уж много людей, каждый из которых взял какую-нибудь одну страну. Вот Вы создадите раздел для Советского Союза — сделаете хороший вклад. Почитайте описание проекта: [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:World_Stamp_Catalogue], [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Numbering_System], [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Common_themes], [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Stamp_Inclusion_policy] и другое там же. : 2. Марки со склада легко внести в каталог. : 3. Информацию не надо смотреть на викискладе, Вы ее тут же прописываете, используя [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Template:World_Stamp_Catalogue шаблон]. Изображения, как я уже сказал, переносятся со склада. Причем, для этой цели можно использовать бот. Вам для переноса ничего не придется делать — за Вас это может автоматически сделать бот. Хотите, я попрошу знакомого ботовода помочь с ботом? : 4. Дело, конечно, Ваше, если Вы хотите затеять Ваш проект на складе. Не буду Вас больше переубеждать. Очень жаль, что мне это не удалось сделать. —[[Участник:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 03:04, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) :: Дорогая Мария, позвольте и мне поддержать Мишу. В Википедии однозначно не разрешат каталог вести и уберут рано или поздно. В отношении Викисклада тоже я сильно сомневаюсь. Там чрезмерно жёсткая политика в отношении авторских прав, причём ещё могут убрать Ваши тексты в любой момент, сказав, что это склад для картинок, а не для текстов. А вот на wikibooks проект уже давно существует. американский раздел очень глубоко проработан, а мы давайте просто добавим СССР и Россию. С переводами я помогу. Сделаем каталог двуязычным - это вообще будет ценный уникальный продукт. Принципы нумерации там уже разработаны. (Чужую нумерацию ведь использовать нельзя - авторское право. Плюс будем давать перекрёстные ссылки на другие каталоги. По этой теме было обсуждение, и решили, что если давать ссылки на 2 каталога сразу или больше, то это не будет нарушением АП.) Если решите начинать, я могу перевести их на русский. Сделаем двуязычные таблицы-шаблоны. Будете заполнять на русском, а я могу помочь с переводом на английский и наоборот.<small>—&nbsp;''Это сообщение написал{{gender switch|{{{gender|}}}|а|}}, но не [[Википедия:Подписывайтесь на страницах обсуждения|подписал{{gender switch|{{{gender|}}}|ась|ся}}]] участни{{gender switch|{{{gender|}}}|ца|к}}'' [[Участник:Л.П. Джепко|Л.П. Джепко]] ([[Обсуждение участника:Л.П. Джепко|обсуждение]]&nbsp;·&nbsp;[[Special:Contributions/Л.П. Джепко|вклад]]){{#if:{{{2|}}}|&nbsp;{{{2}}}}}</small> ::: Могу помочь с нумерацией. Можно дать ссылки даже не на два, а на три каталога: ЦФА, Скотт и Михель (Ивер у меня только до 1940-х годов). [[Участник:Сдобников Андрей|Сдобников Андрей]] 09:50, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::Насчет каталога идея хорошая, могу предложить свою помощь в заполнении на русском. Только вот, непонятно, прдлагается создание каталога ВСЕХ марок СССР, или выборочно (легендарные, редкие и тд.)? --[[Участник:Agent001|Agent001]] 08:37, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::: Насколько я понимаю - всех. --[[Участник:Л.П. Джепко|Л.П. Джепко]] 10:27, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) :: Прошу прощения, забыл подписаться. Но зато уже перевёл описание принципов нумерации каталога на [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Numbering_System/Russian русский]. --[[Участник:Л.П. Джепко|Л.П. Джепко]] 10:27, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) :Здравствуйте! Спасибо за отклик. На викибук, так на викибук. ::Только как ботом изображения туда закачивать? Я понятия не имею. :::У меня нет каталогов 1981-1983 гг. Есть СССР до 1991 и Россия 1992-1994 г. Предлагаю сделать колонки номеров всех каталогов: ЦФА, Скотт, Михель, Ивер Описание на русском и на английском. Указывать месяц выпуска. Указывать художника. Для таких данных нужен новый шаблон, в виде таблицы не для каждой марки, а для списка марок. Нужно марок побольше закачать.--[[Участник:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 10:42, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) Перенёс дальнейшее обсуждение [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:World_Stamp_Catalogue/Soviet_Union сюда] [[Участник:Сдобников Андрей|Сдобников Андрей]] 12:53, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) == Каталог / Catalogue == * (1) Создал страницу для СССР здесь: [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Soviet_Union]. Пока это только набросок. Пример нужно подогнать под конкретную марку СССР (у меня просто перевод с английского для марки США). Смотрите и дополняйте/исправляйте прямо там. * (2) Мария, с шаблоном таблицы надо поработать вместе со спецами. Николай? Андрей? Поможете? Тут я пас. Тут надо бы учесть особенности именно марок СССР. Либо взять как есть и просто писать внутри имеющихся граф подробнее. Кто нам это запрещает? * (3) Кстати, насколько я понимаю это всё же шаблон сплошной таблицы для списка, а не для отдельной марки. Просто добавляются ряды внутри него. Русский и английский тексты можно писать через дробь: English / Русский, или на отдельных строках. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 12:43, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) * Что скажете? [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 13:35, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) : Думаю, вначале надо дать наш собственный номер (типа SUN-1991-0101-0121, а номер ЦФА дать рядом с остальными каталогами. А что думает наш главный составитель? Вот как сделано для Китая: [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/China/1941]. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 15:10, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) : Обрати внимание [[w:ru:Википедия:Список Википедий|вот на эту таблицу]]. Там в каждой колонке даны такие стрелочки в квадратике. Нажатие на квадратик выстраивает список по возрастанию или убыванию параметра. Имхо, надо изначально заложить такую же штуку и в каталог. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 15:42, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::: А зачем такая сортировка в принципе нужна здесь? Сортировать по колонкам «Рисунок» (явно не нужно), «Описание», «Каталоги» и «Примечания»? Если у нас будут подстраницы по годам, большой пользы от такой сортировки внутри одного года не вижу. —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:56, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) :::: Затем, что можно будет строить списки по номерам каталогов - по Скотту, по Михелю и проч. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 04:44, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::::: А что это тебе даст на странице, где всего лишь '''один год''' с несколькими десятками марок? В чем тут fun? —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 04:59, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) :::::: Для каждого филателиста существует каталог, который он считает "за основу" - так исторически складывается. Не вижу оснований для жёсткого диктата нумерации Вики-каталога над альтернативными - пусть она будет по дефолту, но пусть, также, будет и возможность перестроить список под привычные критерии, почему нет? И потом: а ты уверен, что нам не нужны таблицы марок по десятилетиям, по темам, по регионам, по континентам, по империям\колониям и т.д.? Мне кажется, что нам изначально следует установить в качестве стандарта наличие возможности альтернативного выстраивания списков - это bon ton, что ли. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 05:53, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::::::: OK, убедил. Кто возьмется за сортирующие стрелочки в квадратике для колонок каталогов? —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 06:11, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) == Номер / Number == Друзья, коллективными усилиями сделан хороший задел. Согласен, что сначала должен идти внутренний номер. К ботоводу обращусь. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 15:53, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) : Тогда вот так. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 16:00, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) :: Замечательно. А к ботоводу смысла обращаться, как выяснилось, нет. На викибуке используется тот же стандартный принцип вызывания имиджа со склада: '''<nowiki>[[Image:имя файла|thumb]]</nowiki>. Таким образом, все загруженные на коммонз марки полностью доступны для викибука.''' —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:30, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::: Мне не нравится у американцев, что каталог их страны делается одной страницей. Грузится ооооочень долго. Леонид предложил правильный подход с [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Soviet_Union#Sub-pages_.2F_.D0.9F.D0.BE.D0.B4.D1.81.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.86.D1.8B подстраницами] для каждого года в отдельности. Так намного легче работать с каталогом и просматривать его. —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:44, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::: К американцам надо относиться с осторожностью - насколько я понял, это просто один User закачал свои наработки без "викификации". Он там пишет, что недоработано. Уверен, что мы дружными усилиями сможем сделатьСССР/Россию гораздо лучше. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:01, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) :::: Согласен, Лёня! И огромное спасибо за переводы на викибуке. —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 22:25, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::: В таком виде отлично. А что мыслит Мария? --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:20, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) *[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Soviet_Union/1991# начал] Я , присоединяйтесь. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 00:03, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) * Спасибо, Андрей! Добавил английские видовые названия к черноморской фауне. Вопросы: # Будем ли мы сами переводить на английский названия марок и серий? Или их можно брать из англоязычных каталогов, чтобы было корректно и быстро? # Будем ли давать внутренние ссылки на русские и английские викистатьи? Для примера: 75-летие со дня рождения <nowiki>[[:ru:Керес, Пауль|П. П. Кереса]]</nowiki>. (Так мне кажется корректней по сравнению с вариантом Андрея через http.) # Нужны ли точки в конце «Описаний» тех или иных марок? По-моему, не [http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=World_Stamp_Catalogue%2FSoviet_Union%2F1991&diff=1021645&oldid=1021640 нужны]. # Адекватно ли писать: тираж 1800,0 (и по-английски) 1800.0? Может убрать зпт/тчк и 0? —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 00:35, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) * # С английским у меня проблема, что-то могу брать из Скотта, но там не всё. # ИМХО, ссылки нужны, для гипертекстовой связи каталога с Википедией. (Да, так намного лучше). # Нет, точки не нужны. # Можно сделать так: тираж/issued: 1800. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 00:54, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) * Тиражи подправил. А с гиперссылками возни будет много. Фактически их поиск и вставка будет занимать столько же времени, сколько создание самой таблицы. :( Сужу по своему первому опыту для черноморской фауны. Кстати, более правильный формат гиперссылки: <nowiki>[[w:ru:Керес, Пауль|П. П. Кереса]]</nowiki>, а для английских - просто <nowiki>[[w:Spiny dogfish|Spiny dogfish]]</nowiki>. —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 01:36, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) *Здравствуйте! Я вчера рано отключилась, поэтому не была в курсе обсуждений. Не торопитесь заполнять таблицы, т.к. мы еще не проработали шаблон. Предлагаю добавить отдельные колонки по тиражу, легче заполнять будет, добавить колонку с номиналом, колонки цены гашеной и не гашеной марки. Таблицу по красивее оформить: толщину линий сделать тоньше, и цвет другой.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 07:34, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) * Может дату, чтобы не переводить, ставить в такой форме 10.04.1991?--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 07:37, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) ** В таком случае формат должен быть таким: '''1991-04-10'''. Иначе Ваша сортировка по дате будет бессмысленна. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 18:35, 6 November 2007 (UTC) * Михаил, гиперссылки можно будет добавить позднее, сейчас главное довести до ума шаблон и залить таблицы, а это самое, ИМХО, сложное. Марина, можно разделить колонку "Примечания" на две: "Художники" и "Тираж", а сами примечания писать внизу, как я это уже сделал. Номинал записывать таким образом: "0.10", "1.20", впрочем, как и с датой. Цвет любой на Ваш вкус, заказывайте. :) А вот насчёт цены на гашёные и негашёные с этим бы я связываться не стал, потому что по какому каталогу их определять, это во-первых, а во вторых, они меняются каждый год. Так что это очень муторное занятие, его ИМХО, лучше не начинать. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 08:27, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) ** Согласен, что гиперссылками можно заняться позднее. А вот по ценам я тоже категорически выступаю против их включения. Андрей и Леонид, по-моему, доступно пояснили. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 18:35, 6 November 2007 (UTC) == Зубцовка и цвета марки / Stamp perforation and colors == т.е. здесь не будет столбца с указанием зубцовки и цветов марки? --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 09:10, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::А Вы считаете, что это нужно? [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 09:31, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) :::Может для марок 80-х и позже не нужно, но более ранние выпуски, можно сделать, а для золотого стандарта - просто необходимо. А если данный каталог проектируется как аналог бумажного, а не просто ознакомительный, то и цены надо включать. --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 09:55, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) :::: Колонки добавить легко, вопрос в другом, кто будет их заполнять? Agent001, возьмётесь за это дело? Что касается цен, то я категорически против. Повторяю ещё раз: # Цены в разных каталогах определяются по разному. Если использовать один каталог, то почему именно этот, а не другой? # Цены меняются каждый год. У меня, например, самый новый каталог Михель за 2006 год. К концу подходит 2007, какие цены будут на марки в 2008 никто не знает. Какой смысл давать устаревшую информацию?. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 10:09, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) :::::взяться за это дело могу. Медленно но уверенно. СССР - это как раз моя тема. По поводу цен: :::::#Приведите на примере на сколько они разныхе в разных каталогах, или в процентном соотношении. :::::#Согласен, цены меняются, и даже очень. Значит пускай так и будет написано "цены по состоянию на 2007 г." P.S. Если не трудно перенесите часть этой страницы в архив (я этого делать не умею) или в отдельную статью "обсуждение шаблона Каталог....", а то очень долго грузится --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 11:59, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) # Имхо: рубли надо из таблицы убрать, поскольку денежная система прописана в общей странице СССР каталога. И они всегда рубли, по-моему. # Колонку "Примечания" надо оставить по-любому, так как всегда будут какие-нибудь нестандартные примечания по отдельным маркам. # Как я подозреваю, цены могут быть защищены авторским правом и, кроме того, меняются каждый год, кто будет их постоянно обновлять? Если же этого не делать систематически, то нашим ценам никто верить не будет, и какой тогда от них толк? В крайнем случае, можно будет потом создать отдельную таблицу с нашими номерами и ценами по разным каталогам, чтобы не громоздить здесь. # Цвет и зубцовка безусловно нужны, но их можно (и нужно) указывать в графе "Описание". --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 12:01, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) : + Потом надо будет составить подробную инструкцию по заполнению шаблона таблицы во избежание разнобоя. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 12:59, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: Предлагаю тогда обозначать зубцовку литерами, как это сделано в Михеле: # C (Combperforation) - гребенчатая # L (Line perforation) - линейная # H (Harrow perforation) - рамочная [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 13:16, 6 November 2007 (UTC) : А для серий не писать в каждой графе имя художника (если он один рисовал её всю), зубцовку (если она одинаковая) и цвет (для мультицветных марок) [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 14:04, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: Поддерживаю. Всё это надо будет расписать потом в памятке по составлению нашего каталога. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 05:38, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Почему не ruWikibooks? / Why not in ruWikibooks? == Не понимаю, почему каталог нужно создавать здесь а не в Wikibooks - [http://ru.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0 русскоязычном разделе]?? --Agent001[[User:193.227.206.87|193.227.206.87]] 14:12, 6 November 2007 (UTC) : Это всемирный проект - World Stamp Catalogue и он уже начат был без нас. Мы его дополняем каталогом марок СССР. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 14:20, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: с такой логикой, зачем тогда нужна РуВики, если есть енВики, где есть огромное количество статей? Да, есть всемирный проект World Stamp Catalogue, а руВики будет свой проект - "Каталог марок СССР"--[[User:193.227.206.87|193.227.206.87]] 15:30, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Этот вопрос уже обсуждался [http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F#.D0.9A.D0.90.D0.A2.D0.90.D0.9B.D0.9E.D0.93 здесь]. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 15:42, 6 November 2007 (UTC) *А может лучше все каталоги скопируем в рус викиучебник? Там же будем обсуждения вести. Другие могут подключаться. А когда сделаем там, то перенесём конечный вариант сюда, на англ. языке. А на рус викиучебнике будет англо-рус версия. И потом проставим интервики. Там же сделаем каталоги по темам.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 18:45, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Не исключаю подобного варианта, особенно в свете первой реакции местного Темного Ламы-админа. Как, ребята, согласны? А то мы тут им, действительно, можем стать бельмом в глазу. :) Маша, я Вас зауважал. Нет, конечно, я и раньше Вас уважал. :) Так держать! С Вашей неиссякаемой энергией мы тут им каталогов во всех вариациях понапишем. На любой случай и вкус. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:25, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Ну-ну, пришли русские, пошумели, поразмахивали руками, нагородили чёрт знает что и свалили к себе. Вот уж, действительно, мнение о нас будет: Vodka-Rasputin_sputnik. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 21:44, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 1.1 / Template 1.1 == Перенёс шаблон, для более удобной правки. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 08:27, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) {| width="284" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="1" |+ |- bgcolor="#FFCFCF" | style="text-align:center"|'''''23.04.1991''''' | colspan="10" | '''100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева''' / '''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev.''' |- | '''Рисунок/Image''' | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | '''Каталог ВП:Ф''' / '''WP:F Number''' | '''Номинал/<br />Tax value''' | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | '''Описание/Description''' | '''ЦФА/<br />CPA''' | '''Scott''' | '''Michel''' | '''Yver''' | '''Художник/<br />Designer''' | '''Тираж/<br />Number printed''' | '''Примечания'''/'''Notes''' |- | [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|100px]] | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | SUN-1991-????-???? | style="text-align:center"|0.15 | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева. Коричневая<br /> Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer. Brown.<br /> C 12 ½ : 12 | style="text-align:center"|6314 | style="text-align:center"|5993 | style="text-align:center"|6191 | | Б. Илюхин<br />B. Ilyukhin | 2300 | |- |} === Обсуждение шаблона / Template discussion === : Просьба, обсуждение шаблона писать выше, в разделе "КАТАЛОГ". [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 09:31, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 1.2 / Template 1.2 == {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="1" |+ |- style="background-color:#FFCFCF;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | width="10%"|'''№№ по WWSC, изображение /<br />WWSC No., image''' <br /> | '''Дата<br />Date''' <br /> | '''[[w:ru:Номинал|Ном.]]<br />Tax value'''<br /> | width="450"|'''Описание<br />Description'''<br /> | '''Художник<br />Designer'''<br /> | bgcolor="#fbb7b7" | '''[[w:ru:Каталог ЦФА|ЦФА]]<br />CPA'''<br /> | bgcolor="#f8e4ce" | '''[[w:ru:Скотт (каталог марок)|Скотт]]<br />[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]'''<br /> | bgcolor="#e0fce9" | '''[[w:ru:Михель (каталог марок)|Михель]]<br />[[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]'''<br /> | bgcolor="#f6e0fc" | '''[[w:ru:Ивер и Телье (каталог марок)|Ивер]]<br />[[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yver]]'''<br /> | '''Тираж<br />Quantity'''<br /> | width="250" |'''Примечание<br />Notes'''<br /> |- | bgcolor="#ffffdd" style="text-align:center"|'''SUN-1991-????-????''' [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|100px]] | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | '''1991-04-23''' | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" style="text-align:center"|0.15 | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | '''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev'''<br />Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer. Brown<br /><br />'''100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева'''<br />Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева. Коричневая<br />C 12 ½ : 12 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | Б.Илюхин<br />B.Ilyukhin | bgcolor="#fbb7b7" style="text-align:center"|6314 | bgcolor="#f8e4ce" style="text-align:center"|5993 | bgcolor="#e0fce9" style="text-align:center"|A6191 | bgcolor="#f6e0fc" | | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" style="text-align:center"|2300 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | |- |} === Обсуждение шаблона / Template discussion === А раз мои доводы бессмыссленны, то нужно предложить что то новое взамен, на базе существующего. Итак: # Номинал всё-таки надо вынести перед описанием (как во всех каталогах) # Для зубцовки не нужна отдельная колонка, обозначение зубцовки ставить в описании. # Для различных каталогов сделать различные по цвету полосы. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 18:16, 7 November 2007 (UTC) *Андрей! Чем больше украшательств, тем дольше будет грузится страница. Поэтому я не делала разноцветные колонки. Вы посмотрите на код своего шаблона (сколько текста!) и на код моего. А у Вас с этим перебор. Номинал лучше в конце, он нужен филателистам, а другим участникам всякие циферки не нужны. Им нужна картинка с описанием. Поэтому я поставила в своём шаблоне такой порядок. Зубцовку могу переделать. Ваша первоначальная таблица тоже хороша, но не для каталога по годам, а для каталога по темам - птицы, рыбы и т.д. Тут можно размер марки менять.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 18:54, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Различные по цвету полосы для различных каталогов, по-моему, тоже перебор. Тут дело даже не во времени загрузки (компьютеру, по-моему, всё равно). Излишняя расцветка мешает восприятию информации, отвлекает. Сделай лучше как у меня. И в шапке английские названия тоже на первое место поставь. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:15, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 2 / Template 2 == Не пойму, что можно здесь сортировать? [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 15:35, 6 November 2007 (UTC) : Лично мне нравится сортировать по номерам и по тексту. А вообще: нумерация по каталогам не совпадает. Поэтому марки при сортировке будут по-разному расположены. Так же в такой форме заполнять таблицы будет легче. Сортировка по художникам, по дате, тиражу. Марилуна. :: Ваша задумка, делайте что хотите, только в таком случае весь год придётся давать сплошняком в таблице, следовательно, табличка будет нехилых размеров, да и какой смысл в сортировке марок ОДНОГО года мне не понять. Если будет голосование, то я за первый вариант. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 19:08, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: С точки зрения загрузки, то мой вариант будет меньше места занимать, так как шапка таблицы будет в самом начале страницы, а не для каждой марки. Килобайты экономии. И заполнять только содержимое таблицы, а не вставлять каждый раз таблицу проще. Подумайте над этим.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:26, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Делайте, что хотите. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 19:49, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :::Андрей, Вы что обиделись? Я просто предложила свой вариант. Если не нравится, пишите свои замечания. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:54, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Делайте, а я пока посмотрю. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 20:09, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: Решительно поддерживаю Андрея, ибо: * Если шапка таблицы будет только в самом начале, то уже через 10-15 рядов читателю будет непонятно где какая колонка, например, где номер по Иверу, а где по Скотту. В результате придётся всё время бегать вверх-вниз, пытаясь глазами удержать положение колонки. * Одна бесконечная таблица со множеством однообразных рядов выглядит занудно нечитабельно. Мне по жизни осточертели эксэлевские таблицы. Если более пятидесяти рядов, то всё, отключка, до конца такие таблицы, по-моему, смотрят только бухгалтера. И то делают массу ошибок,потому что глаз соскакивает с рядов. * Зачем нужна эта сортировка в пределах одного года, если из-за неё теряется наглядность? Обратите внимание, в предложенном американцами варианте каждая серия, и даже отдельная марка по новой теме отделены заголовком, что позволяет автоматически сформировать оглавление, выглядит красиво и упрощает поиск темы и навигацию по странице. А поиск номеров можно делать обычным поиском на странице, в конце-концов. * Причём тут экономия байтов не пойму, не бумагу же экономим. Удобство пользования гораздо важнее. Лучше вставить таблицу один раз, чем потом всю оставшуюся жизнь мучиться с огромной безликой таблицей без навигации. * А сортировку по художникам, по номерам, по тиражам или ещё как, вполне можно (и нужно) сделать отдельными списками, будет удобнее. И байты будут распределены равномернее. Впрочем, поскольку Мария является инициатором этой идеи, собирается выполнить большую часть работы и, очевидно, будет пользоваться этим каталогом, будучи филателисткой (в отличие от меня), то ей и карты в руки. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:22, 6 November 2007 (UTC) : А я решительно поддерживаю Леонида и в его поддержке Андрея, и в резервировании широты технического маневра для Марии. Но все-таки хотелось бы, чтобы мы выработали какой-то наиболее приемлемый вариант. Попросил Якива и Романа (StraSSenBahn) заглянуть сюда в надежде, что они, как всегда, что-то ценное нам подскажут. Главное, как мне кажется, к чему мы должны стремиться, - техническая простота и в то же время техническая грамотность и функциональная целесообразность как с точки зрения читателей, так и с позиции "писателей" этих страниц. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 22:46, 6 November 2007 (UTC) : Ребята, кто хорошо знаком, как выглядят англоязычные каталоги? Как переводятся в них "Дата", "Тираж", "Номинал"? Желательно, чтобы было как можно коротко для вставки в таблицу. Спасибо. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 05:36, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 2a / Template 2a == {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |+ |- style="background-color:#E7F7FF;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | width="10%"|'''Марка<br />Stamp''' <!-- (если блок, то пишем блок)--><br /> | '''Дата<br />Issue''' <br /> | width="450"|'''Описание<br />Description'''<br /> | '''Художник<br />Designer'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Каталог ЦФА|ЦФА]]<br />CPA'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Скотт (каталог марок)|Скотт]]<br />[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Михель (каталог марок)|Михель]]<br />[[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Ивер и Телье (каталог марок)|Ивер]]<br />[[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yver]]'''<br /> | '''Тираж<br />Print run'''<br /> | '''Ном.<br />Tax value'''<br /> | '''Перф.<br />Perf.'''<br /> |- style="background-color:#FFFEF0;" | SUN-1991-????-???? [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|150x150px]] |'''1991-04-23''' | width="450"|'''100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева''' <br /> Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева.<br /><br />'''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev.'''<br /> Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer. | Б. Илюхин <br /><br /> B. Ilyukhin | 6314 | 5993 | 6191 | | 2300 | 0.15 | |- style="background-color:#FFFEF0;" | SUN-1989-????-???? [[Image:1989 CPA 6043.jpg|150x150px]] |1989 | width="450"| Смотрите каталог за [[World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1989|1989]] г. и сравнивайте |<!-- 4 худ--> |<!-- 5 цфа--> |<!-- 6 скотт--> |<!-- 7 мих--> |<!-- 8 ив--> |<!-- 9 тир--> |<!-- 10 ном--> |<!-- 11 перф--> |} === Обсуждение шаблона / Template discussion === : Во! То что надо! Только хорошо бы подложить под названия каталогов гиперссылки на соответствующие статьи рувики. Nickpo 15:01, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: Гиперссылки подстелили. А что дает вторая строка 1-11? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:44, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: То, что в текстах, примечаниях можно ссылаться на номер столбца --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:51, 6 November 2007 (UTC) Ну что сказать, Мария? Ваша болванка для 1989 года смотрится неплохо. Только номинал укажите не в копейках (5 к.), а в формате: 0.05. У нас по деталям, вообще, пока что есть "разночтения". Надеюсь, все сообща придем к одному приемлемому формату. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 05:51, 7 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Я могу ещё понять смысл сортировки по каталожным номерам, может быть по художникам с большой натяжкой, но в чём смысл сортировки по дате, а тем более по описанию, изображению, тиражу, номиналу и зубцовке? По описанию вообще некорректно сортируется, так как буква "Ё" оказывается на последнем месте. Что может быть полезного в списке марок, построенных по номиналу или в списке марок с одинаковой зубцовкой? К тому же, при сортировке по зубцовке, в случаях с одинаковой зубцовкой, список строится опять таки по описанию, то есть не корректно - марки из одной серии могут быть расбросаны друг от друга на значительное расстояние. И ещё 1990-е годы - это лёгкие годы, где минимум разновидностей по печати и зубцовке, а что вы будете делать с 1930-ми годами и "золотым стандартом" и его десятком разновидностей? Подумайте об этом. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 10:02, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::Андрей! Сортировка по изображению - сортируется каталожный номер вики. Сортировка по художнику тоже не плохо. Можно сортировать по тиражам, будет видно редкие выпуски. А значит их ценность. Сортировка по описанию тоже пойдет. Можно посмотреть по алфавиту. Будут видны различные годовщины. Ну и наконец, сортировка по каталогам - интересная вещь. По крайней мере для меня. А по перфорации и по номиналу сортировать не нужно.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 14:23, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::Заполнила 1989 год полностью по номерам ЦФА. Немного дописав текст. Потратила на оформление около 4 часов. А для Вашего шаблона, Андрей, сколько времени уйдет, чтобы заполнить весь год? Тем более, мою таблицу можно переделать легко. Можно потом добавить шапки для каждой серии, если так решим. Для закачки 1989 г. я использовала программу Эксель. Всё разбивала на столбцы. Вплоть до знаков. (всего 35 столбцов). Потом размножила. Вставила текст. Скопировала в Ворд. Убрала лишние пробелы. И перенесла в инет. Попробуйте так же сделать другой год.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 14:31, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Маша, это хорошо, что Вы так здорово владеете различными программами. Вот с сортировкой не знаю, как быть. На данный момент мы используем параметр для всей таблицы - class="wikitable sortable". В этом случае мы показываем сортировку для всех столбцов. По-другому, нельзя. Если убрать class="wikitable sortable" - сортировка исчезает вообще. А вот есть ли код для отдельного столбца, который бы позволил показывать и задавать сортировку выборочно? Кто знает? Если такого нет, то нам нужно либо убрать сортировку в нынешнем виде, либо смириться с тем, что она показывается даже для ненужных столбцов. Третьего не дано? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:47, 7 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Нужно выбирать нежные цвета, в соответствии с фоном. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 14:31, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Сочетание бледных голубого-розового-желтого, по-моему, как раз нежное. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:47, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Мда... я вижу, что все мои доводы бессмысленны. Что ж, Марина, реализуйте свой проект. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 16:27, 7 November 2007 (UTC) **Для сортировки требуется только одна строчка в таблице. Можете на неё не обращать внимания, если уж так не нравится. Чем еще не нравится мой вариант, кроме сортировки? Тем, что нет подзаголовков?--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 16:45, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Считаю, что нужно поменять местами английский и русский текст '''в шапке и соответствующих полях таблицы'''. См. ниже, как это сделано для Шаблона 2b. Мария, переделайте, пожалуйста, свою таблицу таким же образом. Спасибо. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:54, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 2b / Template 2b == Подправил второй вариант --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 6 November 2007 (UTC): {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |+ |- style="background-color:#FFCFCF;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | width="10%"|'''WWSC No., image /<br />№№ по WWSC, изображение'''<br /> | '''Date<br />Дата'''<br /> | width="450"|'''Description<br />Описание'''<br /> | '''Художник<br />Designer'''<br /> | '''CPA<br />[[w:ru:Каталог ЦФА|ЦФА]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]<br />[[w:ru:Скотт (каталог марок)|Скотт]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:Michel catalog|Mich.]]<br />[[w:ru:Михель (каталог марок)|Мих.]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yver]]<br />[[w:ru:Ивер и Телье (каталог марок)|Ивер]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:Face value|Value]]<br />[[w:ru:Номинальная стоимость|Ном.]]'''<br /> | '''Issued<br />Тираж'''<br /> | '''[[World Stamp Catalogue/Stamp valuation|Valuation]]<br />Стоимость'''<br /> | width="200" |'''Notes<br />Прим.'''<br /> |- | bgcolor="#ffffdd" style="text-align:center"'''SUN-1991-????-????''' [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | '''1991-04-23''' | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | '''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev'''<br /> Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer. Brown<br /><br />'''100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева''' <br /> Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева. Коричневая<br />C 12 ½ : 12 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | B. Ilyukhin/<br />Б. Илюхин | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | 6314 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 5993 | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | 6191 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | 0.15 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 2,300 | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | C | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" |<s>Так как вид таблицы нарушается. Если писать примечания в новом столбце. Если только примечания совсем короткие.</s> |- |} ===Обсуждение шаблона / Template discussion === Михаил, лучше убрать знак /, без него смотрится аккуратнее. И названия столбцов нужно сократить, т.к. из-за длинных названий ширина меняется, и растягивается по вертикали основной тект. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:10, 6 November 2007 (UTC) : Сокращения вернул, добавил гиперссылок. Почему-то не подсвечивается желтым цветом последняя колонка. Как это делается? А вот по знаку / у меня возражения. Знак нужен для логического разделения русских и английских слов (фраз). По-моему, как раз '''с ним''' смотрится аккуратнее. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:29, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: Еще вопрос. Какие в английских каталогах используются термины для "Тиража" и "Номинала"? Что-то мне подсказывает, что "Print run" и "Tax value" не совсем корректно. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:35, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :Черточку внизу надо было поставить. А знак / растягивает шапку некрасиво. Примечания лучше писать в описании, с указанием об этом. Так как вид таблицы нарушается. Если писать примечания в новом столбце. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:36, 6 November 2007 (UTC) Если только примечания совсем короткие.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:41, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :Printing run Так пишется на англояз. сайтах. Tax value не знаю.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:38, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: Спасибо за черточку внизу. А вот по черточке / и вариантам таблицы в целом можно проголосовать, когда все авторы посчитают свои версии законченными. Но сначала давайте еще пообсуждаем, что и как можно улучшить. Я, например, хотел бы подсветить в своем варианте контент первой и третьей колонок более темным оттенком желтого, использованным Андреем в своей версии. Но я не знаю, как это правильно сделать. Помогите! --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:55, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::: А не надо никаких чёрточек, ни прямых, ни косых. Господа, это же таблица! Просто разделите головную строку на две - русскую и английскую. И всё. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 22:31, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Мария, разобрался со столбцами, о которых Вы говорите. Во-первых, их вид на экране зависит от того, какой у Вас монитор и браузер. Поэтому для каждого юзера таблица может выглядеть по-разному. Мы тут особо ничего не можем поделать. На данный момент на моем мониторе (17 дюймов, на жидких кристаллах, браузер Mozilla) всё выглядит великолепно. Если у Вас монитор в 15 дюймов, могут быть искажения по ширине столбцов, точнее по их содержимому. Во-вторых, есть параметр width="ХХХ", с помощью которого легко выставить любую ширину колонки таблицы, что я и сделал. Посмотрите в код. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 05:33, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Легко сказать чайнику: раздели! А ты покажи, как это делается. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 22:35, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: Вот Мария как раз покажет - она же сделала номерную строку для столбцов. Нужны ещё две такие строки - для английских названий и для квадратиков (а то они плохо смотрятся, когда не на одном уровне по высоте). [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 07:26, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::: По желтому цвету. Я имел в виду контрастное окрашивание только первой и третьей колонок, а не всей таблицы. Это возможно? У Андрея ведь это как-то выходит. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 22:59, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :::Ответ по цвету - загружаем Фотошоп, смотрим цветную карту (цвета), выбираем цвет, внизу, где решетка, копируем буквы с цифрами и вставляем вместо указанных цветов в таблице.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 23:14, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Oops... Повторяю вопрос: как сделать контрастное окрашивание '''только первой и третьей колонок, а не всей таблицы'''? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 23:58, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: Ну как то так... [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 00:12, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::::: А если так? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 00:42, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Ещё бы хорошо столбцы с номерами каталогов выделить чередованием цвета, чтобы легче было отслеживать взглядом. А столбец "Примечания" вообще убрать, раз он такой короткий, а сами примечания писать прямо в столбце "Описание". Либо, может, оставить место только под звёздочку сноски. А сноску оформлять на отдельную подстраницу, которая будет раскрываться шелчком на ней. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 09:23, 7 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: Сделал чередование цветов. "Примечания" думаю всё же нужны текстом прямо в таблице (без создания подстраниц сносок - это будет занимать много времени, а для пользователя потребует лишний клик). Кроме того, поменял местами английский и русский контент - to be more international user-friendly. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:35, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::::: Лёня, мне не нравится Print run. Можно ли заменить каким-нибудь одним ёмким словом? Спасибо. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:58, 7 November 2007 (UTC) ::::::: Let's change it to 'Issued'? / Заменим на "Issued"? --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:28, 7 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: А теперь еще и Stamp valuation добавил. Помоги грамотно сформулировать название столбца, пожалуйста. Quantity, как у Андрея? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 20:13, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::::: 'Value' / "Стоимость" IMHO. Since it attempts to establish a comparison basis for stamp valuation. / Поскольку это попытка отразить сопоставимую стоимость марок. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:28, 7 November 2007 (UTC) ::::::: Нет, речь идет о [[World Stamp Catalogue/Stamp valuation]], т.е. '''Number of stamps issued or believed to exist'''. Как это одним бы словом сказать? '''Issued'''? Я не против. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 20:35, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::::::: Миша, именно что: "кол-во выпущенных или считающихся уцелевшими марок", поэтому я настаиваю. Суть в том, что если сохранилось (или было выпущено) 100 марок, то их цена будет совсем иной, чем 1 миллион марок. Осмелюсь заметить, при этом, что, хотя этот принцип и был сформулирован в виде общего правила, но на деле я его реализации нигде в каталоге не видел. Valuation - это именно "оценка стоимости". --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 21:19, 7 November 2007 (UTC) Предлагаю (I suggest): "номинал" = "face value", если не нравится tax value. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 21:12, 7 November 2007 (UTC) : Только не [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_value Tax value]. Скорее, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_value Face value]. Все равно длинно. Ладно, щас что-нибудь придумаю. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 23:01, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 2c / Template 2c == Николай, по твоему совету сделал две доп. строки в шапке. Но как перенести квадратики из 1-й в 3-ю, ума не приложу. Они задаются в коде как параметр для всей таблицы - class="wikitable sortable". Механический перенос его в 3-ю строку ничего не дает. А? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 09:16, 7 November 2007 (UTC) {| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |+ |- style="background-color:#FFCFCF;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | width="10%"|'''№№ по WWSC /<br />Изображение'''<br /> | '''Дата'''<br /> | width="450"|'''Описание'''<br /> | '''Художник'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Каталог ЦФА|ЦФА]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Скотт (каталог марок)|Скотт]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Михель (каталог марок)|Мих.]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Ивер и Телье (каталог марок)|Ивер]]'''<br /> | '''Тираж'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Номинал|Ном.]]'''<br /> | width="100" | '''[[w:ru:Зубцовка|Зубц.]]'''<br /> | width="250" |'''Прим.'''<br /> |- style="background-color:#FFCFCF;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | '''WWSC No./Image''' <br /> | '''Date''' <br /> | '''Description'''<br /> | '''Designer'''<br /> | '''CPA'''<br /> | '''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:Michel catalog|Mich.]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yver]]'''<br /> | '''Print run'''<br /> | '''Value'''<br /> | '''[[w:Perforation|Perf.]]'''<br /> | '''Notes'''<br /> |- style="background-color:#FFCFCF;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | bgcolor="#ffffdd" style="text-align:center"'''SUN-1991-????-????''' [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | '''1991-04-23''' | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | '''100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева''' <br /> Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева. Коричневая /<br /><br />'''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev'''<br /> Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer. Brown | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | Б. Илюхин /<br /> B. Ilyukhin | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 6314 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 5993 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 6191 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 2300 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 0.15 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | C 12 ½ : 12 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" |<s>Так как вид таблицы нарушается. Если писать примечания в новом столбце. Если только примечания совсем короткие.</s> |- |} === Обсуждение шаблона / Template discussion === У тебя сортируется вторая строка вместе с текстом. Не могу понять никак, что вы собираетесь сортировать? [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 09:49, 7 November 2007 (UTC) : Как временный выход - оставь квадратики в первой строке, весь русский текст перенеси во вторую, весь английский в третью. И будет всё стройненько и красивенько. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 13:56, 7 November 2007 (UTC) : Надо каким-то образом дать понять шаблону, где заканчивается голова таблицы и начинается тело. Как? [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 14:05, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :: Не знаю, пас. :( --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:16, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 2d / Template 2d == Ещё шаблончик <small><span class="autosigned">—Preceding [[w:Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] ([[User talk:Mariluna|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mariluna|contribs]]) 19:42, 7 ноября 2007</span></small>: {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |+ |- style="background-color:#E5E1A8;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | width="10%"|'''Марка<br />Stamp''' <!-- (если блок, то пишем блок)--><br /> | '''Дата<br />Issue''' <br /> | width="500"|'''Описание<br />Description'''<br /> | '''Художник<br />Designer'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Каталог ЦФА|ЦФА]]<br />CPA'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Скотт (каталог марок)|Скотт]]<br />[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Михель (каталог марок)|Михель]]<br />[[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Ивер и Телье (каталог марок)|Ивер]]<br />[[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yver]]'''<br /> | '''Тираж<br />Print run'''<br /> | '''Ном.<br />Value'''<br /> | '''Примечания<br />Notes'''<br /> |- style="background-color:#FFFEF0;" | bgcolor="#000000" align="center"|<font color="#ffff99">SUN-1989-????-????</font> [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|150x150px]] |'''1991-04-23''' | width="500"|'''100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева''' <br /> Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева.<br /><br />'''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev.'''<br /> Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer. | Б. Илюхин <br /><br /> B. Ilyukhin | bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |6314 | 5993 | bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |6191 | | 2300 | 0.15 | |- style="background-color:#FFFEF0;" | bgcolor="#000000" align="center"|<font color="#ffff99">SUN-1989-????-????</font> [[Image:1989 CPA 6043.jpg|150x150px]] |1989 | width="500"| Смотрите каталог за [[World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1989|1989]] г. и сравнивайте<!-- перф--> |<!-- 4 худ--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- 5 цфа--> |<!-- 6 скотт--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- 7 мих--> |<!-- 8 ив--> |<!-- 9 тир--> |<!-- 10 ном--> | |- style="background-color:#FFFEF0;" | bgcolor="#000000" align="center"|<font color="#ffff99">'''SUN-1989-????-????'''</font> [[Image:The Soviet Union 1991 CPA 6279 stamp (Fauna of the Black Sea. Frilly-mouthed jellyfish (Rhizostoma pulmo)) 1200dpi.jpg|150x150px]] |1989 | width="500"| No comments <small><span class="autosigned">—Preceding [[w:Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov A.]] ([[User talk:Sdobnikov A.|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sdobnikov A.|contribs]]) 21:54, 7 ноября 2007</span></small><!-- перф--> |<!-- 4 худ--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- 5 цфа--> |<!-- 6 скотт--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- 7 мих--> |<!-- 8 ив--> |<!-- 9 тир--> |<!-- 10 ном--> | |- style="background-color:#FFFEF0;" | bgcolor="#E5E1A8" style="text-align:center"| '''SUN-1989-????-????''' [[Image:The Soviet Union 1991 CPA 6279 stamp (Fauna of the Black Sea. Frilly-mouthed jellyfish (Rhizostoma pulmo)) 1200dpi.jpg|150x150px]] |1989 | width="500"| See comments below --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 22:16, 7 November 2007 (UTC) |<!-- 4 худ--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- 5 цфа--> |<!-- 6 скотт--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- 7 мих--> |<!-- 8 ив--> |<!-- 9 тир--> |<!-- 10 ном--> | |} === Обсуждение шаблона / Template discussion === * Возражаю против черного фона в первом поле. Никогда не был сторонником использования такой цветовой гаммы в текстах и на сайтах. Но, может, на вкус и цвет... --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 20:20, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Хмм, а марка-то смотрится заметнее. Может, просто чуть посерее сделать? --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 21:21, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Начинаете меня переубеждать. :) Можно, и так оставить. Только желтые буквы, по-моему, плохо читаемы. Может, хотя бы жирным выделить? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:43, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Мда, Андрей, вот это ты поставил нас на место. :) И верно - есть ромбы, треугольники, а еще овалы, круги... О! А что если для таких случаев отменять фон вообще? Пробую. Да, а желтые жирные буквы номера все-таки лучше смотрятся - сравните. Одобряете? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 22:16, 7 November 2007 (UTC) : А смысл его (чёрный) применять вообще? [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 22:33, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :: Как сказал Лёня, марка смотрится заметнее. Вот! --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 23:03, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Действительно лучше смотрится. Хорошая гамма. Без розового-голубого гораздо солиднее всё. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 05:45, 8 November 2007 (UTC) *Может марки с белым фоном пересканировать на белом фоне, чтобы черной полоски не было. Так как эти марки темные, и белый будет контрастнее смотреться, а черная полоска сливается с маркой и зубцы плохо видно.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 08:10, 8 November 2007 (UTC) * Машенька, мне Вас жалко, если Вы собираетесь загубить свою молодую жизнь на пересканирование марок и создание викикаталогов. :) А если серьезно, смысла в этом большого нет. Я же сделал пример, когда для таких марок можно убрать в виде исключения черный фон. Ничего страшного при этом не произойдет. Поверьте мне. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 09:58, 8 November 2007 (UTC) Производство мебели Донецк. Изготовление мебели Донецк. Металлопластиковые окна, двери, фурнитура. Вертикальные и горизонтальные жалюзи, ролеты. 83114, Украина, Донецкая Область, г. Донецк, ул. Университетская, 78, Офис №3 == О поисковых системах / Re searching engines == Минус в англ викибуке - при поиске по слову в википедии не будет работать наш каталог. И в поисковых системах рунета наверное тоже.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 02:40, 7 November 2007 (UTC) : Мария, не спешите. Наша страница '''World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union''' только-только создана и еще не попала в поисковики мировой паутины. Но дайте несколько недель - и Вы увидите, картина поменятся. Пример: страница [[World Stamp Catalogue/United States]] имеет [http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=World_Stamp_Catalogue/United_States&action=history историю] начиная с 14 мая 2007 года и прекрасно распознается интернет-поисковиками, включая [http://www.google.com/search?ie=UTF-8&hl=ru&q=World%20Stamp%20Catalogue%2FUnited%20States Google] · [http://search.msn.com/results.aspx?q=World%20Stamp%20Catalogue%2FUnited%20States MSN] · [http://search.yahoo.com/bin/query?p=World%20Stamp%20Catalogue%2FUnited%20States&ei=UTF-8 Yahoo!]. А в Википедии содержимое Wikibooks и не должно быть доступным через поиск. Все википроекты в этом плане не зависимы друг от друга. Вы ведь не можете в Википедии искать что-то на Складе? Мы можем лишь в своих викистатьях там, где уместно, давать ссылки на контент Wikibooks. Так что никаких особых минусов нет и быть не может. Смею Вас заверить и успокоить. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 05:16, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == [[World Stamp Catalogue/Stamp valuation]] == Похоже, что нам необходимо сделать еще одну колонку. Этого требуют правила. Или использовать для этого столбец "Тираж", расписывая поля вот так, например: '''D (10,000)'''? Что скажите, господа? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 20:02, 7 November 2007 (UTC) Ну можно и так.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 09:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) == Заморочки / New template design flaws == Мда, коллеги, ИМХО, мы слишком заморочились на шаблонах. Я посмотрел на уже проделанные здесь работы, всё везде просто и понятно. Без наворотов, но эффективно. ИМХО, конечно. Я, скорее всего, оставлю эту затею с каталогом, так как мне она уже не приносит никакого удовлетворения. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 22:38, 7 November 2007 (UTC) : И то правда, друзья, посмотрите, как [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/China/1941 люди] реализуют уже имеющийся стандратный шаблон, что на самом деле обычная викитаблица. Простенько, лаконично, без наворотов и по делу. Я бы её только чуть-чуть подправил, увеличив общую ширину и добавив Valuation. И русский текст достаточен только для описания. Вопрос с сериями тоже решаем (см. пример ниже). Если марка одиночная, то в сине-зеленую строку вписывается только название выпуска. Если это серия, то, кроме ее названия, в сине-зеленую строку записываются все общие для данной серии элементы (художник, зубцовка и т.д.). Кто за? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 00:03, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: а если серия, но зубцовка или авторы миниатюр разные? --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 09:24, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::: А, ну, это просто - в этом случае они уже не являются общими элементами и вписываются в описание отдельных марок серии. О, хорошо, что Вы объявились, пока я писал пост ниже. Итак, прошу Вас высказаться и проголосовать. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 09:47, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :::: в таком случае у данного шаблона будет та же "болезнь" что и у шаблона 2С - он будет сильно вытянутый по высоте. Проголосовал еще утром. См. ниже. --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 11:32, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: Вытягивание по высоте зависит главным образом от первой колонки, а не от описания. И потом - какой у Вас монитор? У меня и на 15- и на 17-дюймовом колонка с описанием выглядит нормально. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ;Стандартный WWSC шаблон-таблица / Standard WWSC Template: {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="3" | '''Date/Image''' | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''Catalogue Number''' | '''Description''' | '''Reference''' | '''[[World Stamp Catalogue/Stamp valuation|Valuation]] & Other Notes''' |- |+ |- bgcolor="#ccffff" | ''1991-04-23'' | colspan="4"|''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev / 100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева'' |- style="text-align:center"|[[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|100x100px]] | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | SUN-1991-????-???? | '''Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer'''. Brown. Designer: B. Ilyukhin. Value: 0.15. Issued: 2,300. C 12½:12 / '''Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева'''. Коричневая. Худ. Б. Илюхин | CPA 6314, Sc 5993, Mi 6191 | C |- |+ |- bgcolor="#ccffff" | ''1989-02-08'' | colspan="4"|''Russian samovars. Designer: G. Timofeev. C 11½ / Русские самовары. Худ. Г. Тимофеев'' |- style="text-align:center"[[Image:1989 CPA 6043.jpg|100x100px]] | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | SUN-1989-????-???? | '''Pear-like samovar, 18th c'''. Value: 0.05. Issued: 3,600 / '''Самовар грушевидной формы, XVIII в.''' | CPA 6043, Mi 5924 | C |- style="text-align:center"[[Image:1989 CPA 6044.jpg|100x100px]] | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | SUN-1989-????-???? | '''Samovar-barrel by Ivan Lisitsin of Tula, early 19th c'''. Value: 0.10. Issued: 3,200 / '''Самовар-бочонок Ивана Лисицына из Тулы, начало XVIII в.''' | CPA 6044, Mi 5925 | C |} == Голосование 1 / Voting 1 == Голосуем: ---- ;Template 1.1: ---- ;Template 1.2: '''За'''. Только вот он получается слишком вытянутый по вертикали, что-бы этого избежать можно колонку "описание" сделать горизонтальной и ставить с самого верха. --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 09:43, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : В этом варианте действительно колонка с описанием сильно разбухла. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ---- ;Template 2a: ---- ;Template 2b: ---- ;Template 2c: ---- ;Template 2d: ---- ;Standard WWSC Template: * '''За.''' --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 00:48, 8 November 2007 (UTC) * '''За.''' - только серии должны быть отделены друг от друга. Я и брал для своего шаблона 1.1 за основу стандартную таблицу. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 04:21, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Спасибо. Оценил твои колебания. :) А разве при таком варианте они не отделены (сине-зелеными строками для каждого нового выпуска)? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 05:09, 8 November 2007 (UTC) * Воздерживаюсь. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 05:28, 8 November 2007 (UTC) * '''За.''' - При этом терзаюсь некоторыми угрызениями совести. Как всегда в Википедии, голосуют те, кто не собирается особо работать над проектом, а инициаторам и главным исполнителям проекта остается только претворять результаты их голосования. По-моему, голос Марилуны должен приравниваться как минимум к трём (если, конечно, у нее отличное мнение). В конечном итоге главное, чтобы каталог страны был унифицирован по одному шаблону. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 08:05, 8 November 2007 (UTC) === Обсуждение / Discussion === Знаете, самое трудное, это выбор шаблона. А потом марки добавлять можно уже по накатанной схеме. Будет обидно переделывать все года потом, когда кто-нибудь предложит шаблон еще лучше. Лучше утвердить один удобный шаблон для заполнения, чем каждый будет делать по-своему. Андрей настаивает на своём шаблоне. А Вы, Андрей, будете делать каталоги со своим шаблоном? Или только хотите шаблон утвердить и забыть про его существование. На дворе 2007 год, почему мы должны использовать старый 2006 г. шаблон, если можно его улучшить. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 08:31, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Маша, я готов '''работать''' над проектом, а не переливать из пустого в порожнее с затягиванием выбора шаблона. Ведь, насколько я знаю, каталоги не у всех имеются, дабы нумерацию марок проставлять, тираж указывать и фамилию художника. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 13:03, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Да. Согласен. Давайте уже определяться. А каталогов - у меня так точно нет. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Маша, не ругайтесь, пожалуйста, и не обижайтесь. Андрей не меньше Вашего провозился с этим проектом и, тем не менее, не проголосовал за свой вариант. Поддерживаю Леонида: Ваш голос должен приравниваться как минимум к трём. Расклад на данный момент, Вы видите, какой: :* Если Вы голосуете, как все (то есть, как трое, проголосовавших уже за один и тот же шаблон), проходит стандартный вариант (слегка мною подрихтованный). :* Если голосуете за 2d (по-видимому, Ваш фаворит), я думаю, будет справедливо засчитать Вам сразу более 3 голосов и выдать Вам [[w:ru:карт-бланш|карт-бланш]] на осуществление всего проекта. Согласны? : Ожидать новых голосов не приходится, если, конечно, не проявит себя Agent001, находившийся здесь на начальных этапах обсуждения. Якив на мой запрос (пока) не ответил. А Роман [http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0:StraSSenBahn#World_Stamp_Catalogue.2FSoviet_Union уклонился] от обсуждения. Поэтому итог будем подводить, скорее всего, без них. Правда, есть еще другие участники и наблюдатели филпроекта. Можно, персонально обратиться и к ним. Мне только кажется, что они, не зная всех деталей обсуждаемых вопросов, не смогут достаточно объективно рассудить нас. Или все-таки обратиться к ним? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 09:39, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Маша, слово за Вами. Мне лично кажется, что эта функция сортировки не больно чего даёт, зато лишает нас возможности давать общий заголовок сериям и общие сведения для всей серии. Что Вам подсказывает практический опыт заполнения 1989 года? Хочется поскорее утвердить один шаблон и начать конкретную работу. Естественно, все мы будем работать с одним и тем же шаблоном, который согласуем. Миша, по большому счету, прав, принципиальной разницы для каталога нет. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 12:00, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ** Здравствуйте! Я не против шаблона, который предлагается. Но мой нравится больше с точки зрения технического заполнения. Варианты в виде сплошной таблицы, без шапок и названий выпусков в заголовках выполнить проще и быстрее. А цвета можно всегда поменять. Это легко сделать с помощью замены. Я голосую за свой вариант. Хотя, пусть Андрей выбирает года и заполняет их своим шаблоном, а я буду заполнять своим шаблоном другой период. А остальные будут принимать участие в дополнении и исправлении информации. Я не хочу, чтобы Андрей обижался, но я тоже упертый близнец, как и он. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 14:53, 8 November 2007 (UTC) *** Друзья, упираться не надо. Я (как козерог) мог бы тут тоже с Вами пободаться. :) Но давайте идти на компромиссы. Маша, Вы же видите, мы с Леонидом, например, готовы пойти Вам на встречу. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Если каждый будет заполнять каталог своими таблицами, то это получится полная ерунда. А если здесь делать толкьо на английском, то это работа для двоих - Михаила и Леонида, так как остальные участники, в том числе и я, имеют в английском весьма слабые познания. Маша, я предложил, как мне кажется, компромисный вариант с двумя параллельными проектами, но если Вы против, то тогда мне нечего больше предложить. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 15:07, 8 November 2007 (UTC) В этом варианте хорошо то, что не надо для каждой марки в серии писать название выпуска. А таблице нужно в каждой строчке. Но я думаю, что это не страшно.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 16:48, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Серии все-таки желательно как-то выделять в списке. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) * Тогда давайте выберем конкретный вариант по цвету, я залью автоматом все года, а потом вручную будем дописывать, что сможем. При заливке укажу всё что смогу. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 16:48, 8 November 2007 (UTC) *И ещё - названия выпусков и описания марок берём с каталогов? Если так, то это не нарушение авторского права? --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 16:48, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : В принципе, это должны быть официальные государственные названия знаков почтовой оплаты, не охраняемые авторским правом либо общепринятые (если только составители не напридумывали что-то своё). У составителя может быть только авторское право на состав сборника. Нам надо только добавлять своё и подправлять, если не устраивает, и состав получится другой. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 18:06, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Названия и описания берем из каталогов - откуда ж еще. Один к одному ведь все равно не получится, так что волноваться особо не нужно. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) == Голосование 2 / Voting 2 == Коллеги, нам ничего не мешает вести параллельно два проекта. Всё равно же хотели на Русском Викебуке делать каталог. Предлагаю, раз уж мы начали осуществлять проект на Английской территории, применить здесь стандартный шаблон, с английскимпереводом. На Русском Викебуке, где мы не будет наездов ни Лам, ни Гуанако, использовать шаблон Марии без английского перевода, что сократит таблицу вдвое. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 12:58, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : '''ЗА''' --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 13:14, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : '''ЗА''' [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 13:42, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : '''Против.''' Тогда не получится '''уникального''' продукта, а будет просто таблица, как на других сайтах. Еще могут стереть как копивио. А так будет видно, что здесь была проведена работа, а не просто скопирован текст. Лучше на рус викибуке сделать англо-русскую версию, а здесь только на английском.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 14:42, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: а зачем на руВикибуке англо-русскую? Только русскую. а здесь - значит только англ.--[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 15:20, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Копивио не будет. Контенты всех Википроектов в свободном доступе, тем более, что мы же сами и будем авторы данных продуктов. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : '''ЗА''' Но как предложила Марилуна. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 18:14, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : '''ЗА'''. Но дублировать русский текст в английской версии нет смысла. Вы забываете, друзья, что есть такие штучки, '''интервики''' называются. Английский и русский викибукс-каталоги будут сшиты между собой с помощью интервики. А тогда надобность в русском переводе в английском варианте отпадает. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Тогда мы, плохо владеющие английским, будем разрабатывать русскую версию, а на Михаила с Леонидом ложится английский перевод. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 19:15, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Отлично, консенсус есть получается. Давайте подтвердим окончательную форму шаблона, и завтра можно начинать! --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:10, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::: No problem. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:25, 8 November 2007 (UTC) Сделал титульную страницу в Викиучебнике для русского языка: [[http://ru.wikibooks.org/wiki/Каталог_почтовых_марок_СССР]]. <small><span class="autosigned">—Preceding [[w:Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] ([[User talk:Leonid Dzhepko|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leonid Dzhepko|contribs]]) 16:39, 9 ноября 2007</span></small> : Замечательно. Надеюсь, Андрей с Машей как здесь потренируются, перенесут всю русскую часть туда. А здесь останется одна английская. Интервики между двумя версиями я уже проставил. Есть ли смысл оставлять русский дубляж на заглавной странице каталога и других описательно-пояснительных страницах на en.wikibooks? Разве что для тех будущих русскоговорящих участников с плохим уровнем английского, которые будут подключаться к проекту. В принципе ты, Лёня, ведь и на складе основные инструкции попереводил. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 00:58, 10 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон (еще один) / One more new template == {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- style="background-color:#E5E1A8;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | '''Date/Image''' | '''Catalogue Number''' | width="460"|'''Description''' | '''CPA''' | '''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]''' | '''[[w:Michel catalog|Mich.]]''' | '''[[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yver]]''' | '''[[World Stamp Catalogue/Stamp valuation|Valuation]] & Other Notes''' |- bgcolor="#F6F4D1" | align="center"|''1991-04-23'' | colspan="7"|''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev / 100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева'' |- bgcolor="#FFFEF0" align="center" | bgcolor="#000000" | [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|130x130px]] | SUN-1991-????-???? | align="left" width="460"|'''Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer'''. Brown. Designer: B. Ilyukhin. Value: 0.15. Issued: 2,300. C 12½:12 <br />'''Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева'''. Коричневая. Худ. Б. Илюхин |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |6314 |5993 |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |6191 |<!-- ивер--> | C <!-- тираж в тыс.--> |- bgcolor="#F6F4D1" | align="center"|''1989-02-08'' | colspan="7"|''Russian samovars. Designer: G. Timofeev. C 11½ / Русские самовары. Худ. Г. Тимофеев'' |- bgcolor="#FFFEF0" align="center" | bgcolor="#000000" |[[Image:1989 CPA 6043.jpg|130x130px]] | SUN-1989-????-???? | align="left" width="460"|'''Pear-like samovar, 18th c'''. Value: 0.05. Issued: 3,600 <br /> '''Самовар грушевидной формы, XVIII в.''' |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |6043 |<!-- скотт--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |5924 |<!-- ивер--> | C <!-- тираж в тыс.--> |- bgcolor="#FFFEF0" align="center" | bgcolor="#000000" |[[Image:1989 CPA 6044.jpg|130x130px]] | SUN-1989-????-???? | align="left" width="460"|'''Samovar-barrel by Ivan Lisitsyn of Tula, early 19th c'''. Value: 0.10. Issued: 3,200 <br /> '''Самовар-бочонок Ивана Лисицына из Тулы, начало XVIII в.''' |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- цфа--> |<!-- скотт--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- мих--> |<!-- 7 ивер--> | C <!-- тираж в тыс.--> |- bgcolor="#FFFEF0" align="center" | [[Image:The Soviet Union 1991 CPA 6279 stamp (Fauna of the Black Sea. Frilly-mouthed jellyfish (Rhizostoma pulmo)) 1200dpi.jpg|130x130px]] | SUN-1991-????-???? | align="left" | |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- цфа--> |<!-- скотт--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- мих--> |<!-- 7 ивер--> | C <!-- тираж в тыс.--> |} === And one more discussion === Что скажете?--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 18:16, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : А куда подевался Ивер? --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 18:19, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Отлично! Ивер добавил. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 18:37, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Маша, вот видите, все-таки на компромиссы и Вы способны. :) Ваш вариант уже практически мой, только в Вашей фирменной цветовой упаковке, плюс для каталогов Вы дали отдельные колонки. Но я бы их объединил в одну все-таки - Reference (как было в стандартном шаблоне). Смысла в разбивке по каталогам нет, раз уж нет сортировки. А место несколько дополнительных колонок занимают, больше чем одна Reference, тем самым сжимая ширину описания. Тогда отпадет справедливый вопрос Леонида по Иверу. Кроме того, уменьшите размер имиджей со 150 до 100 px. Так таблица станет еще более компактной, а описание растянется по горизонтали. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) **Да совсем уменьшать изображения не хочется. Колонки по номерам удобнее, так как писать не надо каждый раз какой это каталог. У меня смотрится на мониторе нормально. Тем более, текст бывает разным, бывает много текста.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:19, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: А на серединке (125px) сторгуемся? Чтобы и вашим, и нашим. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:19, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::: ''(совсем жалобным голосом, местами шмыгая носом)'' Маш, а так нечестнааа... Зачем Вы втихаря в свою сторону опять прибавили? Думаете, как [http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0:Mariluna#.D0.9E.D1.80.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.BD_.C2.AB.D0.91.D1.83.D0.B4.D1.8C_.D0.B3.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B5.D0.BC.21.C2.BB орден] геройский получили, так Вам теперича всё дозволено? :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 23:58, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Согласен. Сделал небольшой отступ от края. ИМХО, не помешает. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 19:26, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Может сократим "Михель" до "Мих." и "Michel" до "Mich.", чтобы одной длины были колонки каталогов? --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:11, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::: {{done}} и убрал русские названия каталогов. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:19, 8 November 2007 (UTC) А зачем курсив убрали из названий серий? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:23, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Если не хотите курсив, сделайте жирным. И дату тогда тоже жирным и по центру. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:29, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Через чур жирным тоже не надо делать. Я вернул курсив. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 21:35, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Вот так-то оно красивше будет. Или, как говорит наш Николай, ''кузявее''. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:39, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Ну что, можно приступать к работе? [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 22:08, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: Верните мне моих 125px! А тогда и приступайте. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 23:58, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :::::: Вот, совсем другой коленкор! Спасибо, Андрей. Хоть ты надо мной сжалился. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 00:08, 9 November 2007 (UTC) Может есть смысл сделать колонку "номинал" и "тираж"? ИМХО писать в описании каждой позиции слово "Value" и "Issued" не рационально. Вариант: в самой верхней строке, где названия колонок, написать так -"Описание марки, тираж(тыс), номинал(руб)"--[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 09:06, 9 November 2007 (UTC) : Ну это мы тогда опять вернемся к начальным вариантам и уйдем от стандарта. Маша вон стала тираж включать в Valuation, что не верно, как уже здесь выше пояснял Лёня. Тут надо бы спросить у Андрея, который пока всё прописывает в Description. Андрей, это не утомительно? Как ты выходишь из положения? Или каждый раз вручную набиваешь? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 01:13, 10 November 2007 (UTC) :: Андрей, ты так и не ответил на вопросы выше. Это важно. Я категорически против того, что у нас получился разнобой на страницах 1989 и 1991 года, причем не по твоей вине. :: Маша, в Valuation тираж не должен стоять! Ставьте буквенные обозначения - а, бэ, це и т.д.! Указывайте тираж в Description! Вы ведь прописываете там Value, что за проблема тогда с тиражом? И вернитесь к 125px! --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 18:55, 12 November 2007 (UTC) *Внимание, в изображениях надо ставить 125x125px, так как марки высокие получаются по высоте 125, марки низкие по ширине 125. В таком виде как сейчас, получается так, что самовары больше марки с Прокофьевым. А это не так. И почему 125? Почему 150 не устраивает? Маловато. Я уже начала переделывать 1989 г. Пока его не трогайте. Выбирайте года, над которыми будете работать вплотную, чтобы не было конфликтов редактирования. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 11:32, 9 November 2007 (UTC) :: Спасибо за замечание по 125x125px. А вот маловато или нет? Ну мы же это уже обсуждали. Размер первой клетки задает общую высоту, поэтому при увеличении px таблица будет только расти по вертикали. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 01:13, 10 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Маша, при таком упорстве в молчаливом проталкивании 150px Вы достойны стать дважды Героем. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 18:44, 12 November 2007 (UTC) : Я беру 1991. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 12:50, 9 November 2007 (UTC) УВАЖАЕМЫЕ ДАМЫ И ГОСПОДА! Какой шаблон окончательный? Надо подбить итог: написать здесь на аглицком, вывесить шаблон в шаблонах, описать порядок его заполнения на странице каталога и дать ссылки на него, где только можно. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 13:19, 9 November 2007 (UTC) Этот последний. Но все равно, в ходе работы будет менятся. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 16:05, 9 November 2007 (UTC) : Вот так вот, Лёня. Хозяйка - барыня. :) Поэтому пусть пока оно всё обкатывается, а через неделю-другую (месяц?) можно расписать все инструкции. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 01:13, 10 November 2007 (UTC) :: ОК, ждём-с, "до первой звезды нельзя-с". --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 16:11, 10 November 2007 (UTC) :: Беру 1988 г. оформлять--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 01:26, 12 November 2007 (UTC) :: Беру 1971 г. оформлять. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 12:52, 16 November 2007 (UTC) == Colors / Порядок обозначения цвета == Маша, Андрей, можете на основании каталогов описать сабж для нашего каталога? Надо будет как-то сопоставить с английской (международной?) системой. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 13:25, 9 November 2007 (UTC) : Ты имеешь в виду расписывание на Рубукс всего, что дано [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue здесь] и на подстраницах английского каталога? Или что? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 01:17, 10 November 2007 (UTC) :: Оно бы так, но, насколько я подозреваю на русском языке, в русскоязычных каталогах за основу взята другая система обозначения цвета, и их надо будет как-то соотнести (или оговорить). В ЦФА как? --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 18:14, 10 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Понял. Раз у нас другая система, тогда надо ей пользоваться. Нет? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 18:35, 10 November 2007 (UTC) == Изображения / Images == : ''Перенесено со страницы [[w:ru:Обсуждение Википедии:Проект:Филателия/Архив-2007 (ноябрь—декабрь)]]'' Друзья, прежде чем сканировать марки и заливать на склад (особенно в рамках подпроекта [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Soviet_Union КАТАЛОГ]), проверьте категории [[w:ru:Категория:Изображения:Почтовые марки]], [[w:ru:Категория:Изображения:Советские марки]] и [[w:en:Category:Public domain stamp images]], чтобы не делать лишней работы по сканированию. Уже столкнулся, минимум, с тремя случаями дубляжа. —[[Участник:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 09:38, 13 ноября 2007 (UTC) ==Задание на проверку== * [[World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1989]] можно корректировать.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 22:42, 9 November 2007 (UTC) == If your interested... == I don't know if anyone is still around who would be interested in this, but with some of the issues that have been presented with this and past desires to make translations and multilingual books, I thought perhaps there is a chance some of you would be interested in and understand the need for a multilingual wikibooks project. If anyone is still around and is interested, you should discuss this on my proposal to create such at project at [[Meta:Requests for new languages/Wikibooks Multilingual]]. --<span style="font: bold 10pt 'courier new', comic, sans, ms;">[[User:Darklama|<font color="midnightblue">dark</font>]][[User_talk:Darklama|<font color="green">lama</font>]]</span> 15:49, 13 December 2007 (UTC) : Sorry, Darklama, I am grateful for your suggestion and I have carefully reviewed your proposal, but I think we can do English catalogue in en:wikibooks, and Russian catalogue in ru:wikibooks, making cross-references between them. I don't see any good in starting yet another wikiproject. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] ([[User talk:Leonid Dzhepko|talk]]) 13:37, 24 December 2007 (UTC) :: I agree with the Leonid's opinion. Sorry. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] ([[User talk:Michael Romanov|talk]]) 19:25, 26 December 2007 (UTC) axce1m7ijgr9qdxx4w6g3c24u1nfdtu 4634586 4634585 2026-05-07T09:18:44Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/4634585|4634585]] by [[Special:Contributions/ShakespeareFan00|ShakespeareFan00]] ([[User talk:ShakespeareFan00|discuss]]) 4634586 wikitext text/x-wiki == КАТАЛОГ == : ''Перенесено со страницы [[w:ru:Обсуждение Википедии:Проект:Филателия/Архив-2007 (сентябрь—октябрь)]]'' Предлагаю создать страницы: каталог марок СССР и каталог марок России с указанием № ЦФА и ИТЦ, и других каталожных номеров (какие найдем в инете) с колонкой на английском языке. Указывать так же год выпуска, номинал. Вместо изображений марок - ссылки на них на викисклад. С сортировкой по годам и по каталожным номерам. Если приживется, то по-тихоньку и по другим странам можно создать. --Mariluna 11:42, 18 сентября 2007 (UTC) : Мысль хорошая, но есть ряд моментов: (1) это очень трудоёмкая задача, Вы готовы сами выполнить хотя бы 50%, если да, то начинайте. Вряд ли стоит надеяться на других, увы. Нет ничего, хуже, чем висящий жалкий недоконченый список из нескольких пунктов, который рано или поздно "активисты" удаляют из ВИКИ. (2) Если создавать, то озаглавить его не каталогом, а списком. (3) Подходит ли такой каталог Википедии? Не удалят ли его по такой причине? Было бы обидно. Надо этот вопрос изучить. В принципе что-то подобное я, кажется, видел в англ. ВП по паре-тройке стран. Или, может, этот проект стоит создавать в рамках Вики-учебника? (4) Вряд ли можно будет залить на склад ВСЕ марки... Да и ни к чему, наверно. (5) Кстати, я уже давно размышляю насчёт создания в Вики каталога календариков (коллекционирую предвыборные календарики). В отличие от марок, которых десятки каталогов существуют, каталогов календариков фактически нет ни одного. Слишком дёшев объект собирательства. И вот тут встаёт главный вопрос, ЗАЧЕМ нужен такой каталог марок в ВП, по Вашему мнению? --[[Участник:Л.П. Джепко|Л.П. Джепко]] 14:32, 18 сентября 2007 (UTC) :: Чтобы привести в порядок закачанные марки, чтобы можно было видеть, какие из них есть на складе. Я посмотрела, в инете нет нормального каталога по маркам, с указанием каталожных номеров по Скотту, Мишелю, с переводом на английский. У меня есть некоторые каталоги, могла бы начать. Кто поможет? Кто поддерживает идею?--Mariluna 16:15, 18 сентября 2007 (UTC) ::: Думаю, для Википедии было бы гораздо уместнее изложение предмета в виде, сходном с брошюрой Н.И.Владинца "Филателистическая география. Советский союз" - М.: Радио и связь, 1982. А вот к нему уже органически присоседить список с каталожными номерами по всем каталогам и ссылками на Викисклад. По крайней мере у меня бы такая статья вопросов бы не вызвала. Но! Нафига делать работу, которая и так уже сделана Владинцом и ЦФА? Судя по всему, цели столь трудоёмкого проекта сугубо технические (систематизировать филателистический Викисклад) - стоит ли затрачивать столько усилий, имея на выходе столь небольшой выхлоп? [[Участник:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 16:21, 18 сентября 2007 (UTC) :::: Марилуна: посмотрел я в англ. википедии уже создан целый ряд списков марок по тематикам. Думаю, такое же можно начать и у нас, если есть желание - создавайте по Вашей любимой теме (темам), скажем - награды на марках, а там, может, народ и подтянется. Только вначале надо тщательно обдумать форму таблицы. Я-то сам википедист, но не филателист. Собираю каким-то боком календарики, значки, но только в части освещения избирательных кампаний. А в филателии разбираюсь постольку, поскольку был членом КЮФ в детстве. А каталоги марок - это интерес филателистов прежде всего. --[[Участник:Л.П. Джепко|Л.П. Джепко]] 17:47, 28 сентября 2007 (UTC) Мария, видели ли Вы, что я уже написал Вам по этому поводу на Вашей складской [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Mariluna#wikibooks:World_Stamp_Catalogue страничке] обсуждения? Такой википроект уже давно существует — [[:wikibooks:World Stamp Catalogue]]. При желании к нему можно просто подключиться и создавать разделы для СССР, России и других стран. —[[Участник:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 03:42, 2 ноября 2007 (UTC) Здравствуйте! Извините, что долго не отвечала. Видела. Но там совсем мало сделано. Я еще думаю как лучше делать каталог по темам или по годам или по странам и по годам. И где? На складе, чтобы был общим для всех, или на рувики, с колонкой на англ. языке или без? Если есть какие предложения пишите. А то информация большая, не хочется по 100 раз переделывать. Все года каталога СССР на одной странице не помещаются по размеру. А как лучше разбить не знаю.--[[Участник:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 18:11, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) И ещё - марок для каталога маловато закачано на склад. Нужно их поднакопить. А то по маркам СССР совсем мало. Только последние годы - более менее имеются--[[Участник:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 18:15, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) : Мое мнение: такой каталог должен однозначно создаваться в рамках спецпроекта [[:wikibooks:World Stamp Catalogue]]. То, что там мало сделано, не страшно. Присоединение к проекту новых участников и использование ботов для заливки информации и имиджей из других электронных ресурсов помогут развитию проекта. Дублировать, Мария, не стоит: только распылять свои силы будете. Кроме того, подобный каталог — это явно не формат для склада и рувики, которые не предназначены для создания каталогов вообще. Смотрите общие задачи и описания этих проектов. Делать на [[:wikibooks:World Stamp Catalogue]] нужно, конечно же, для начала не по темам (хотя такая категоризация тоже там предусмотрена), а по странам и по годам. Мне будет жаль, если мне не удастся Вас переубедить по этому вопросу. Надеюсь, что другие участники филпроекта тоже выскажутся. С уважением, —[[Участник:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:19, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) :: Вот, кстати, чем неудобен движок ВП - в нём нельзя сделать сразу и сортировку по темам, и сортировку по странам, и сортировку по годам. То есть можно, но только через механизм Категорий и Шаблонов - что явно не так удобно, как, допустим, через метки-теги. Теоретически в ВП есть такая штука как таблицы с возможностью клика по каждой колонке и перестройки её позиций в соответствие с выбранным критерием. Но это тоже не так удобно (всё равно юзеру придётся кликать по каждой позиции, чтобы увидеть подробности). Может, стоит просто подождать, пока движок эволюционирует? И не торопить события right now, делая напрасный труд по вбиванию фактуры, которой будет сложно пользоваться? [[Участник:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 04:16, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) Да, на счёт викибук, то это английская версия. А нам нужен русский каталог. А если русский каталог, то значит на русском викибуке. А здесь нет филателии. Следовательно, либо викисклад, доступный и общий для всех стран, а не только для России или США, или на рувики.--[[Участник:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 21:28, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) Лучше от туда перенести статьи на склад. Я так думаю.--[[Участник:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 21:30, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) : Еше раз хочу Вам сказать, что ни Склад, ни Рувики ни по своим задачам, ни по формату не приемлемы для создания такого каталога. К Вам там сразу будут претензии в сочетании с шаблоном "К удалению". Никто не запрещает Вам на [[:wikibooks:World Stamp Catalogue]] создавать русский каталог с английским параллельным переводом. Или, уж если на то пошло, можно делать чисто русский каталог в [http://ru.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0 русском разделе] wikibooks, но потом всё равно кому-то придется выполять повторно ту же самую работу на [[:wikibooks:World Stamp Catalogue]]. Не проще ли сразу присоединиться к глобальному проекту? Вы мне объясните, почему Вы так категорически настроены против [[:wikibooks:World Stamp Catalogue]]? :) --[[Участник:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:47, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) 1. Там не глобальный проект, а местный, американский. Совсем не развит. 2. В категориях на викискладе гораздо больше марок закачано, чем представлено в этих каталогах. 3. Делать каталог на викибуке будет гораздо труднее по техническим причинам. И будет неудобно смотреть информацию по маркам. Так как сначала идёт ссылка на викисклад. Чтобы посмотреть информацию по марке, нужно будет 2 раза нажимать на её изображении. 4. На викискладе тоже есть статьи, и не мало. И на русском и на английском. И создаются они в этих же категориях, что и изображения. Бывает что отдельно.--[[Участник:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 22:06, 4 ноября 2007 (UTC) : Попробую еще раз Вам объяснить: : 1. Почему Вы решили, что это «не глобальный проект, а местный, американский»? Читаем: <blockquote>Wikibooks '''World''' Stamp Catalogue<br /> A catalogue of postage stamps '''from around the world''' </blockquote> : То, что Вы увидели там американский раздел (а есть еще на данный момент 7 стран Европы, Новая Зеландия и Китай в разной степени проработки), означает лишь то, что пока к проекту подключилось не так уж много людей, каждый из которых взял какую-нибудь одну страну. Вот Вы создадите раздел для Советского Союза — сделаете хороший вклад. Почитайте описание проекта: [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:World_Stamp_Catalogue], [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Numbering_System], [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Common_themes], [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Stamp_Inclusion_policy] и другое там же. : 2. Марки со склада легко внести в каталог. : 3. Информацию не надо смотреть на викискладе, Вы ее тут же прописываете, используя [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Template:World_Stamp_Catalogue шаблон]. Изображения, как я уже сказал, переносятся со склада. Причем, для этой цели можно использовать бот. Вам для переноса ничего не придется делать — за Вас это может автоматически сделать бот. Хотите, я попрошу знакомого ботовода помочь с ботом? : 4. Дело, конечно, Ваше, если Вы хотите затеять Ваш проект на складе. Не буду Вас больше переубеждать. Очень жаль, что мне это не удалось сделать. —[[Участник:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 03:04, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) :: Дорогая Мария, позвольте и мне поддержать Мишу. В Википедии однозначно не разрешат каталог вести и уберут рано или поздно. В отношении Викисклада тоже я сильно сомневаюсь. Там чрезмерно жёсткая политика в отношении авторских прав, причём ещё могут убрать Ваши тексты в любой момент, сказав, что это склад для картинок, а не для текстов. А вот на wikibooks проект уже давно существует. американский раздел очень глубоко проработан, а мы давайте просто добавим СССР и Россию. С переводами я помогу. Сделаем каталог двуязычным - это вообще будет ценный уникальный продукт. Принципы нумерации там уже разработаны. (Чужую нумерацию ведь использовать нельзя - авторское право. Плюс будем давать перекрёстные ссылки на другие каталоги. По этой теме было обсуждение, и решили, что если давать ссылки на 2 каталога сразу или больше, то это не будет нарушением АП.) Если решите начинать, я могу перевести их на русский. Сделаем двуязычные таблицы-шаблоны. Будете заполнять на русском, а я могу помочь с переводом на английский и наоборот.<small>—&nbsp;''Это сообщение написал{{gender switch|{{{gender|}}}|а|}}, но не [[Википедия:Подписывайтесь на страницах обсуждения|подписал{{gender switch|{{{gender|}}}|ась|ся}}]] участни{{gender switch|{{{gender|}}}|ца|к}}'' [[Участник:Л.П. Джепко|Л.П. Джепко]] ([[Обсуждение участника:Л.П. Джепко|обсуждение]]&nbsp;·&nbsp;[[Special:Contributions/Л.П. Джепко|вклад]]){{#if:{{{2|}}}|&nbsp;{{{2}}}}}</small> ::: Могу помочь с нумерацией. Можно дать ссылки даже не на два, а на три каталога: ЦФА, Скотт и Михель (Ивер у меня только до 1940-х годов). [[Участник:Сдобников Андрей|Сдобников Андрей]] 09:50, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::Насчет каталога идея хорошая, могу предложить свою помощь в заполнении на русском. Только вот, непонятно, прдлагается создание каталога ВСЕХ марок СССР, или выборочно (легендарные, редкие и тд.)? --[[Участник:Agent001|Agent001]] 08:37, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::: Насколько я понимаю - всех. --[[Участник:Л.П. Джепко|Л.П. Джепко]] 10:27, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) :: Прошу прощения, забыл подписаться. Но зато уже перевёл описание принципов нумерации каталога на [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Numbering_System/Russian русский]. --[[Участник:Л.П. Джепко|Л.П. Джепко]] 10:27, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) :Здравствуйте! Спасибо за отклик. На викибук, так на викибук. ::Только как ботом изображения туда закачивать? Я понятия не имею. :::У меня нет каталогов 1981-1983 гг. Есть СССР до 1991 и Россия 1992-1994 г. Предлагаю сделать колонки номеров всех каталогов: ЦФА, Скотт, Михель, Ивер Описание на русском и на английском. Указывать месяц выпуска. Указывать художника. Для таких данных нужен новый шаблон, в виде таблицы не для каждой марки, а для списка марок. Нужно марок побольше закачать.--[[Участник:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 10:42, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) Перенёс дальнейшее обсуждение [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:World_Stamp_Catalogue/Soviet_Union сюда] [[Участник:Сдобников Андрей|Сдобников Андрей]] 12:53, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) == Каталог / Catalogue == * (1) Создал страницу для СССР здесь: [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Soviet_Union]. Пока это только набросок. Пример нужно подогнать под конкретную марку СССР (у меня просто перевод с английского для марки США). Смотрите и дополняйте/исправляйте прямо там. * (2) Мария, с шаблоном таблицы надо поработать вместе со спецами. Николай? Андрей? Поможете? Тут я пас. Тут надо бы учесть особенности именно марок СССР. Либо взять как есть и просто писать внутри имеющихся граф подробнее. Кто нам это запрещает? * (3) Кстати, насколько я понимаю это всё же шаблон сплошной таблицы для списка, а не для отдельной марки. Просто добавляются ряды внутри него. Русский и английский тексты можно писать через дробь: English / Русский, или на отдельных строках. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 12:43, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) * Что скажете? [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 13:35, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) : Думаю, вначале надо дать наш собственный номер (типа SUN-1991-0101-0121, а номер ЦФА дать рядом с остальными каталогами. А что думает наш главный составитель? Вот как сделано для Китая: [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/China/1941]. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 15:10, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) : Обрати внимание [[w:ru:Википедия:Список Википедий|вот на эту таблицу]]. Там в каждой колонке даны такие стрелочки в квадратике. Нажатие на квадратик выстраивает список по возрастанию или убыванию параметра. Имхо, надо изначально заложить такую же штуку и в каталог. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 15:42, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::: А зачем такая сортировка в принципе нужна здесь? Сортировать по колонкам «Рисунок» (явно не нужно), «Описание», «Каталоги» и «Примечания»? Если у нас будут подстраницы по годам, большой пользы от такой сортировки внутри одного года не вижу. —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:56, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) :::: Затем, что можно будет строить списки по номерам каталогов - по Скотту, по Михелю и проч. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 04:44, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::::: А что это тебе даст на странице, где всего лишь '''один год''' с несколькими десятками марок? В чем тут fun? —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 04:59, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) :::::: Для каждого филателиста существует каталог, который он считает "за основу" - так исторически складывается. Не вижу оснований для жёсткого диктата нумерации Вики-каталога над альтернативными - пусть она будет по дефолту, но пусть, также, будет и возможность перестроить список под привычные критерии, почему нет? И потом: а ты уверен, что нам не нужны таблицы марок по десятилетиям, по темам, по регионам, по континентам, по империям\колониям и т.д.? Мне кажется, что нам изначально следует установить в качестве стандарта наличие возможности альтернативного выстраивания списков - это bon ton, что ли. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 05:53, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::::::: OK, убедил. Кто возьмется за сортирующие стрелочки в квадратике для колонок каталогов? —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 06:11, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) == Номер / Number == Друзья, коллективными усилиями сделан хороший задел. Согласен, что сначала должен идти внутренний номер. К ботоводу обращусь. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 15:53, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) : Тогда вот так. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 16:00, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) :: Замечательно. А к ботоводу смысла обращаться, как выяснилось, нет. На викибуке используется тот же стандартный принцип вызывания имиджа со склада: '''<nowiki>[[Image:имя файла|thumb]]</nowiki>. Таким образом, все загруженные на коммонз марки полностью доступны для викибука.''' —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:30, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::: Мне не нравится у американцев, что каталог их страны делается одной страницей. Грузится ооооочень долго. Леонид предложил правильный подход с [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Soviet_Union#Sub-pages_.2F_.D0.9F.D0.BE.D0.B4.D1.81.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.86.D1.8B подстраницами] для каждого года в отдельности. Так намного легче работать с каталогом и просматривать его. —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:44, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::: К американцам надо относиться с осторожностью - насколько я понял, это просто один User закачал свои наработки без "викификации". Он там пишет, что недоработано. Уверен, что мы дружными усилиями сможем сделатьСССР/Россию гораздо лучше. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:01, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) :::: Согласен, Лёня! И огромное спасибо за переводы на викибуке. —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 22:25, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::: В таком виде отлично. А что мыслит Мария? --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:20, 5 ноября 2007 (UTC) *[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Soviet_Union/1991# начал] Я , присоединяйтесь. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 00:03, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) * Спасибо, Андрей! Добавил английские видовые названия к черноморской фауне. Вопросы: # Будем ли мы сами переводить на английский названия марок и серий? Или их можно брать из англоязычных каталогов, чтобы было корректно и быстро? # Будем ли давать внутренние ссылки на русские и английские викистатьи? Для примера: 75-летие со дня рождения <nowiki>[[:ru:Керес, Пауль|П. П. Кереса]]</nowiki>. (Так мне кажется корректней по сравнению с вариантом Андрея через http.) # Нужны ли точки в конце «Описаний» тех или иных марок? По-моему, не [http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=World_Stamp_Catalogue%2FSoviet_Union%2F1991&diff=1021645&oldid=1021640 нужны]. # Адекватно ли писать: тираж 1800,0 (и по-английски) 1800.0? Может убрать зпт/тчк и 0? —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 00:35, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) * # С английским у меня проблема, что-то могу брать из Скотта, но там не всё. # ИМХО, ссылки нужны, для гипертекстовой связи каталога с Википедией. (Да, так намного лучше). # Нет, точки не нужны. # Можно сделать так: тираж/issued: 1800. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 00:54, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) * Тиражи подправил. А с гиперссылками возни будет много. Фактически их поиск и вставка будет занимать столько же времени, сколько создание самой таблицы. :( Сужу по своему первому опыту для черноморской фауны. Кстати, более правильный формат гиперссылки: <nowiki>[[w:ru:Керес, Пауль|П. П. Кереса]]</nowiki>, а для английских - просто <nowiki>[[w:Spiny dogfish|Spiny dogfish]]</nowiki>. —[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 01:36, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) *Здравствуйте! Я вчера рано отключилась, поэтому не была в курсе обсуждений. Не торопитесь заполнять таблицы, т.к. мы еще не проработали шаблон. Предлагаю добавить отдельные колонки по тиражу, легче заполнять будет, добавить колонку с номиналом, колонки цены гашеной и не гашеной марки. Таблицу по красивее оформить: толщину линий сделать тоньше, и цвет другой.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 07:34, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) * Может дату, чтобы не переводить, ставить в такой форме 10.04.1991?--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 07:37, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) ** В таком случае формат должен быть таким: '''1991-04-10'''. Иначе Ваша сортировка по дате будет бессмысленна. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 18:35, 6 November 2007 (UTC) * Михаил, гиперссылки можно будет добавить позднее, сейчас главное довести до ума шаблон и залить таблицы, а это самое, ИМХО, сложное. Марина, можно разделить колонку "Примечания" на две: "Художники" и "Тираж", а сами примечания писать внизу, как я это уже сделал. Номинал записывать таким образом: "0.10", "1.20", впрочем, как и с датой. Цвет любой на Ваш вкус, заказывайте. :) А вот насчёт цены на гашёные и негашёные с этим бы я связываться не стал, потому что по какому каталогу их определять, это во-первых, а во вторых, они меняются каждый год. Так что это очень муторное занятие, его ИМХО, лучше не начинать. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 08:27, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) ** Согласен, что гиперссылками можно заняться позднее. А вот по ценам я тоже категорически выступаю против их включения. Андрей и Леонид, по-моему, доступно пояснили. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 18:35, 6 November 2007 (UTC) == Зубцовка и цвета марки / Stamp perforation and colors == т.е. здесь не будет столбца с указанием зубцовки и цветов марки? --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 09:10, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) ::А Вы считаете, что это нужно? [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 09:31, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) :::Может для марок 80-х и позже не нужно, но более ранние выпуски, можно сделать, а для золотого стандарта - просто необходимо. А если данный каталог проектируется как аналог бумажного, а не просто ознакомительный, то и цены надо включать. --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 09:55, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) :::: Колонки добавить легко, вопрос в другом, кто будет их заполнять? Agent001, возьмётесь за это дело? Что касается цен, то я категорически против. Повторяю ещё раз: # Цены в разных каталогах определяются по разному. Если использовать один каталог, то почему именно этот, а не другой? # Цены меняются каждый год. У меня, например, самый новый каталог Михель за 2006 год. К концу подходит 2007, какие цены будут на марки в 2008 никто не знает. Какой смысл давать устаревшую информацию?. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 10:09, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) :::::взяться за это дело могу. Медленно но уверенно. СССР - это как раз моя тема. По поводу цен: :::::#Приведите на примере на сколько они разныхе в разных каталогах, или в процентном соотношении. :::::#Согласен, цены меняются, и даже очень. Значит пускай так и будет написано "цены по состоянию на 2007 г." P.S. Если не трудно перенесите часть этой страницы в архив (я этого делать не умею) или в отдельную статью "обсуждение шаблона Каталог....", а то очень долго грузится --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 11:59, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) # Имхо: рубли надо из таблицы убрать, поскольку денежная система прописана в общей странице СССР каталога. И они всегда рубли, по-моему. # Колонку "Примечания" надо оставить по-любому, так как всегда будут какие-нибудь нестандартные примечания по отдельным маркам. # Как я подозреваю, цены могут быть защищены авторским правом и, кроме того, меняются каждый год, кто будет их постоянно обновлять? Если же этого не делать систематически, то нашим ценам никто верить не будет, и какой тогда от них толк? В крайнем случае, можно будет потом создать отдельную таблицу с нашими номерами и ценами по разным каталогам, чтобы не громоздить здесь. # Цвет и зубцовка безусловно нужны, но их можно (и нужно) указывать в графе "Описание". --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 12:01, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) : + Потом надо будет составить подробную инструкцию по заполнению шаблона таблицы во избежание разнобоя. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 12:59, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: Предлагаю тогда обозначать зубцовку литерами, как это сделано в Михеле: # C (Combperforation) - гребенчатая # L (Line perforation) - линейная # H (Harrow perforation) - рамочная [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 13:16, 6 November 2007 (UTC) : А для серий не писать в каждой графе имя художника (если он один рисовал её всю), зубцовку (если она одинаковая) и цвет (для мультицветных марок) [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 14:04, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: Поддерживаю. Всё это надо будет расписать потом в памятке по составлению нашего каталога. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 05:38, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Почему не ruWikibooks? / Why not in ruWikibooks? == Не понимаю, почему каталог нужно создавать здесь а не в Wikibooks - [http://ru.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0 русскоязычном разделе]?? --Agent001[[User:193.227.206.87|193.227.206.87]] 14:12, 6 November 2007 (UTC) : Это всемирный проект - World Stamp Catalogue и он уже начат был без нас. Мы его дополняем каталогом марок СССР. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 14:20, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: с такой логикой, зачем тогда нужна РуВики, если есть енВики, где есть огромное количество статей? Да, есть всемирный проект World Stamp Catalogue, а руВики будет свой проект - "Каталог марок СССР"--[[User:193.227.206.87|193.227.206.87]] 15:30, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Этот вопрос уже обсуждался [http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F#.D0.9A.D0.90.D0.A2.D0.90.D0.9B.D0.9E.D0.93 здесь]. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 15:42, 6 November 2007 (UTC) *А может лучше все каталоги скопируем в рус викиучебник? Там же будем обсуждения вести. Другие могут подключаться. А когда сделаем там, то перенесём конечный вариант сюда, на англ. языке. А на рус викиучебнике будет англо-рус версия. И потом проставим интервики. Там же сделаем каталоги по темам.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 18:45, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Не исключаю подобного варианта, особенно в свете первой реакции местного Темного Ламы-админа. Как, ребята, согласны? А то мы тут им, действительно, можем стать бельмом в глазу. :) Маша, я Вас зауважал. Нет, конечно, я и раньше Вас уважал. :) Так держать! С Вашей неиссякаемой энергией мы тут им каталогов во всех вариациях понапишем. На любой случай и вкус. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:25, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Ну-ну, пришли русские, пошумели, поразмахивали руками, нагородили чёрт знает что и свалили к себе. Вот уж, действительно, мнение о нас будет: Vodka-Rasputin_sputnik. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 21:44, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 1.1 / Template 1.1 == Перенёс шаблон, для более удобной правки. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 08:27, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) {| width="284" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="1" |+ |- bgcolor="#FFCFCF" style="text-align:center"|'''''23.04.1991''''' | colspan="10" | '''100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева''' / '''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev.''' |- | '''Рисунок/Image''' | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | '''Каталог ВП:Ф''' / '''WP:F Number''' | '''Номинал/<br />Tax value''' | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | '''Описание/Description''' | '''ЦФА/<br />CPA''' | '''Scott''' | '''Michel''' | '''Yver''' | '''Художник/<br />Designer''' | '''Тираж/<br />Number printed''' | '''Примечания'''/'''Notes''' |- | [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|100px]] | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | SUN-1991-????-???? | style="text-align:center"|0.15 | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева. Коричневая<br /> Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer. Brown.<br /> C 12 ½ : 12 | style="text-align:center"|6314 style="text-align:center"|5993 style="text-align:center"|6191 | | Б. Илюхин<br />B. Ilyukhin | 2300 | |- |} === Обсуждение шаблона / Template discussion === : Просьба, обсуждение шаблона писать выше, в разделе "КАТАЛОГ". [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 09:31, 6 ноября 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 1.2 / Template 1.2 == {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="1" |+ |- style="background-color:#FFCFCF;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | width="10%"|'''№№ по WWSC, изображение /<br />WWSC No., image''' <br /> | '''Дата<br />Date''' <br /> | '''[[w:ru:Номинал|Ном.]]<br />Tax value'''<br /> | width="450"|'''Описание<br />Description'''<br /> | '''Художник<br />Designer'''<br /> | bgcolor="#fbb7b7" | '''[[w:ru:Каталог ЦФА|ЦФА]]<br />CPA'''<br /> | bgcolor="#f8e4ce" | '''[[w:ru:Скотт (каталог марок)|Скотт]]<br />[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]'''<br /> | bgcolor="#e0fce9" | '''[[w:ru:Михель (каталог марок)|Михель]]<br />[[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]'''<br /> | bgcolor="#f6e0fc" | '''[[w:ru:Ивер и Телье (каталог марок)|Ивер]]<br />[[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yver]]'''<br /> | '''Тираж<br />Quantity'''<br /> | width="250" |'''Примечание<br />Notes'''<br /> |- | bgcolor="#ffffdd" style="text-align:center;"|'''SUN-1991-????-????''' [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|100px]] | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | '''1991-04-23''' | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" style="text-align:center;"|0.15 | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | '''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev'''<br />Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer. Brown<br /><br />'''100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева'''<br />Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева. Коричневая<br />C 12 ½ : 12 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | Б.Илюхин<br />B.Ilyukhin | bgcolor="#fbb7b7" style="text-align:center;"|6314 | bgcolor="#f8e4ce" style="text-align:center;"|5993 | bgcolor="#e0fce9" style="text-align:center;"|6191 | bgcolor="#f6e0fc" | | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" style="text-align:center;"|2300 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | |- |} === Обсуждение шаблона / Template discussion === А раз мои доводы бессмыссленны, то нужно предложить что то новое взамен, на базе существующего. Итак: # Номинал всё-таки надо вынести перед описанием (как во всех каталогах) # Для зубцовки не нужна отдельная колонка, обозначение зубцовки ставить в описании. # Для различных каталогов сделать различные по цвету полосы. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 18:16, 7 November 2007 (UTC) *Андрей! Чем больше украшательств, тем дольше будет грузится страница. Поэтому я не делала разноцветные колонки. Вы посмотрите на код своего шаблона (сколько текста!) и на код моего. А у Вас с этим перебор. Номинал лучше в конце, он нужен филателистам, а другим участникам всякие циферки не нужны. Им нужна картинка с описанием. Поэтому я поставила в своём шаблоне такой порядок. Зубцовку могу переделать. Ваша первоначальная таблица тоже хороша, но не для каталога по годам, а для каталога по темам - птицы, рыбы и т.д. Тут можно размер марки менять.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 18:54, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Различные по цвету полосы для различных каталогов, по-моему, тоже перебор. Тут дело даже не во времени загрузки (компьютеру, по-моему, всё равно). Излишняя расцветка мешает восприятию информации, отвлекает. Сделай лучше как у меня. И в шапке английские названия тоже на первое место поставь. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:15, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 2 / Template 2 == Не пойму, что можно здесь сортировать? [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 15:35, 6 November 2007 (UTC) : Лично мне нравится сортировать по номерам и по тексту. А вообще: нумерация по каталогам не совпадает. Поэтому марки при сортировке будут по-разному расположены. Так же в такой форме заполнять таблицы будет легче. Сортировка по художникам, по дате, тиражу. Марилуна. :: Ваша задумка, делайте что хотите, только в таком случае весь год придётся давать сплошняком в таблице, следовательно, табличка будет нехилых размеров, да и какой смысл в сортировке марок ОДНОГО года мне не понять. Если будет голосование, то я за первый вариант. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 19:08, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: С точки зрения загрузки, то мой вариант будет меньше места занимать, так как шапка таблицы будет в самом начале страницы, а не для каждой марки. Килобайты экономии. И заполнять только содержимое таблицы, а не вставлять каждый раз таблицу проще. Подумайте над этим.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:26, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Делайте, что хотите. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 19:49, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :::Андрей, Вы что обиделись? Я просто предложила свой вариант. Если не нравится, пишите свои замечания. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:54, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Делайте, а я пока посмотрю. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 20:09, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: Решительно поддерживаю Андрея, ибо: * Если шапка таблицы будет только в самом начале, то уже через 10-15 рядов читателю будет непонятно где какая колонка, например, где номер по Иверу, а где по Скотту. В результате придётся всё время бегать вверх-вниз, пытаясь глазами удержать положение колонки. * Одна бесконечная таблица со множеством однообразных рядов выглядит занудно нечитабельно. Мне по жизни осточертели эксэлевские таблицы. Если более пятидесяти рядов, то всё, отключка, до конца такие таблицы, по-моему, смотрят только бухгалтера. И то делают массу ошибок,потому что глаз соскакивает с рядов. * Зачем нужна эта сортировка в пределах одного года, если из-за неё теряется наглядность? Обратите внимание, в предложенном американцами варианте каждая серия, и даже отдельная марка по новой теме отделены заголовком, что позволяет автоматически сформировать оглавление, выглядит красиво и упрощает поиск темы и навигацию по странице. А поиск номеров можно делать обычным поиском на странице, в конце-концов. * Причём тут экономия байтов не пойму, не бумагу же экономим. Удобство пользования гораздо важнее. Лучше вставить таблицу один раз, чем потом всю оставшуюся жизнь мучиться с огромной безликой таблицей без навигации. * А сортировку по художникам, по номерам, по тиражам или ещё как, вполне можно (и нужно) сделать отдельными списками, будет удобнее. И байты будут распределены равномернее. Впрочем, поскольку Мария является инициатором этой идеи, собирается выполнить большую часть работы и, очевидно, будет пользоваться этим каталогом, будучи филателисткой (в отличие от меня), то ей и карты в руки. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:22, 6 November 2007 (UTC) : А я решительно поддерживаю Леонида и в его поддержке Андрея, и в резервировании широты технического маневра для Марии. Но все-таки хотелось бы, чтобы мы выработали какой-то наиболее приемлемый вариант. Попросил Якива и Романа (StraSSenBahn) заглянуть сюда в надежде, что они, как всегда, что-то ценное нам подскажут. Главное, как мне кажется, к чему мы должны стремиться, - техническая простота и в то же время техническая грамотность и функциональная целесообразность как с точки зрения читателей, так и с позиции "писателей" этих страниц. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 22:46, 6 November 2007 (UTC) : Ребята, кто хорошо знаком, как выглядят англоязычные каталоги? Как переводятся в них "Дата", "Тираж", "Номинал"? Желательно, чтобы было как можно коротко для вставки в таблицу. Спасибо. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 05:36, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 2a / Template 2a == {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |+ |- style="background-color:#E7F7FF;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | width="10%"|'''Марка<br />Stamp''' <!-- (если блок, то пишем блок)--><br /> | '''Дата<br />Issue''' <br /> | width="450"|'''Описание<br />Description'''<br /> | '''Художник<br />Designer'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Каталог ЦФА|ЦФА]]<br />CPA'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Скотт (каталог марок)|Скотт]]<br />[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Михель (каталог марок)|Михель]]<br />[[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Ивер и Телье (каталог марок)|Ивер]]<br />[[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yver]]'''<br /> | '''Тираж<br />Print run'''<br /> | '''Ном.<br />Tax value'''<br /> | '''Перф.<br />Perf.'''<br /> |- style="background-color:#FFFEF0;" | SUN-1991-????-???? [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|150x150px]] |'''1991-04-23''' | width="450"|'''100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева''' <br /> Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева.<br /><br />'''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev.'''<br /> Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer. | Б. Илюхин <br /><br /> B. Ilyukhin | 6314 | 5993 | 6191 | | 2300 | 0.15 | |- style="background-color:#FFFEF0;" | SUN-1989-????-???? [[Image:1989 CPA 6043.jpg|150x150px]] |1989 | width="450"| Смотрите каталог за [[World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1989|1989]] г. и сравнивайте |<!-- 4 худ--> |<!-- 5 цфа--> |<!-- 6 скотт--> |<!-- 7 мих--> |<!-- 8 ив--> |<!-- 9 тир--> |<!-- 10 ном--> |<!-- 11 перф--> |} === Обсуждение шаблона / Template discussion === : Во! То что надо! Только хорошо бы подложить под названия каталогов гиперссылки на соответствующие статьи рувики. Nickpo 15:01, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: Гиперссылки подстелили. А что дает вторая строка 1-11? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:44, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: То, что в текстах, примечаниях можно ссылаться на номер столбца --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:51, 6 November 2007 (UTC) Ну что сказать, Мария? Ваша болванка для 1989 года смотрится неплохо. Только номинал укажите не в копейках (5 к.), а в формате: 0.05. У нас по деталям, вообще, пока что есть "разночтения". Надеюсь, все сообща придем к одному приемлемому формату. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 05:51, 7 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Я могу ещё понять смысл сортировки по каталожным номерам, может быть по художникам с большой натяжкой, но в чём смысл сортировки по дате, а тем более по описанию, изображению, тиражу, номиналу и зубцовке? По описанию вообще некорректно сортируется, так как буква "Ё" оказывается на последнем месте. Что может быть полезного в списке марок, построенных по номиналу или в списке марок с одинаковой зубцовкой? К тому же, при сортировке по зубцовке, в случаях с одинаковой зубцовкой, список строится опять таки по описанию, то есть не корректно - марки из одной серии могут быть расбросаны друг от друга на значительное расстояние. И ещё 1990-е годы - это лёгкие годы, где минимум разновидностей по печати и зубцовке, а что вы будете делать с 1930-ми годами и "золотым стандартом" и его десятком разновидностей? Подумайте об этом. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 10:02, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::Андрей! Сортировка по изображению - сортируется каталожный номер вики. Сортировка по художнику тоже не плохо. Можно сортировать по тиражам, будет видно редкие выпуски. А значит их ценность. Сортировка по описанию тоже пойдет. Можно посмотреть по алфавиту. Будут видны различные годовщины. Ну и наконец, сортировка по каталогам - интересная вещь. По крайней мере для меня. А по перфорации и по номиналу сортировать не нужно.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 14:23, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::Заполнила 1989 год полностью по номерам ЦФА. Немного дописав текст. Потратила на оформление около 4 часов. А для Вашего шаблона, Андрей, сколько времени уйдет, чтобы заполнить весь год? Тем более, мою таблицу можно переделать легко. Можно потом добавить шапки для каждой серии, если так решим. Для закачки 1989 г. я использовала программу Эксель. Всё разбивала на столбцы. Вплоть до знаков. (всего 35 столбцов). Потом размножила. Вставила текст. Скопировала в Ворд. Убрала лишние пробелы. И перенесла в инет. Попробуйте так же сделать другой год.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 14:31, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Маша, это хорошо, что Вы так здорово владеете различными программами. Вот с сортировкой не знаю, как быть. На данный момент мы используем параметр для всей таблицы - class="wikitable sortable". В этом случае мы показываем сортировку для всех столбцов. По-другому, нельзя. Если убрать class="wikitable sortable" - сортировка исчезает вообще. А вот есть ли код для отдельного столбца, который бы позволил показывать и задавать сортировку выборочно? Кто знает? Если такого нет, то нам нужно либо убрать сортировку в нынешнем виде, либо смириться с тем, что она показывается даже для ненужных столбцов. Третьего не дано? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:47, 7 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Нужно выбирать нежные цвета, в соответствии с фоном. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 14:31, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Сочетание бледных голубого-розового-желтого, по-моему, как раз нежное. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:47, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Мда... я вижу, что все мои доводы бессмысленны. Что ж, Марина, реализуйте свой проект. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 16:27, 7 November 2007 (UTC) **Для сортировки требуется только одна строчка в таблице. Можете на неё не обращать внимания, если уж так не нравится. Чем еще не нравится мой вариант, кроме сортировки? Тем, что нет подзаголовков?--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 16:45, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Считаю, что нужно поменять местами английский и русский текст '''в шапке и соответствующих полях таблицы'''. См. ниже, как это сделано для Шаблона 2b. Мария, переделайте, пожалуйста, свою таблицу таким же образом. Спасибо. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:54, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 2b / Template 2b == Подправил второй вариант --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 6 November 2007 (UTC): {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |+ |- style="background-color:#FFCFCF;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | width="10%"|'''WWSC No., image /<br />№№ по WWSC, изображение'''<br /> | '''Date<br />Дата'''<br /> | width="450"|'''Description<br />Описание'''<br /> | '''Художник<br />Designer'''<br /> | '''CPA<br />[[w:ru:Каталог ЦФА|ЦФА]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]<br />[[w:ru:Скотт (каталог марок)|Скотт]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:Michel catalog|Mich.]]<br />[[w:ru:Михель (каталог марок)|Мих.]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yver]]<br />[[w:ru:Ивер и Телье (каталог марок)|Ивер]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:Face value|Value]]<br />[[w:ru:Номинальная стоимость|Ном.]]'''<br /> | '''Issued<br />Тираж'''<br /> | '''[[World Stamp Catalogue/Stamp valuation|Valuation]]<br />Стоимость'''<br /> | width="200" |'''Notes<br />Прим.'''<br /> |- | bgcolor="#ffffdd" style="text-align:center;"|'''SUN-1991-????-????''' [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | '''1991-04-23''' | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | '''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev'''<br /> Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer. Brown<br /><br />'''100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева''' <br /> Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева. Коричневая<br />C 12 ½ : 12 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | B. Ilyukhin/<br />Б. Илюхин | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | 6314 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 5993 | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | 6191 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | 0.15 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 2,300 | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | C | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" |<s>Так как вид таблицы нарушается. Если писать примечания в новом столбце. Если только примечания совсем короткие.</s> |- |} ===Обсуждение шаблона / Template discussion === Михаил, лучше убрать знак /, без него смотрится аккуратнее. И названия столбцов нужно сократить, т.к. из-за длинных названий ширина меняется, и растягивается по вертикали основной тект. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:10, 6 November 2007 (UTC) : Сокращения вернул, добавил гиперссылок. Почему-то не подсвечивается желтым цветом последняя колонка. Как это делается? А вот по знаку / у меня возражения. Знак нужен для логического разделения русских и английских слов (фраз). По-моему, как раз '''с ним''' смотрится аккуратнее. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:29, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: Еще вопрос. Какие в английских каталогах используются термины для "Тиража" и "Номинала"? Что-то мне подсказывает, что "Print run" и "Tax value" не совсем корректно. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:35, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :Черточку внизу надо было поставить. А знак / растягивает шапку некрасиво. Примечания лучше писать в описании, с указанием об этом. Так как вид таблицы нарушается. Если писать примечания в новом столбце. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:36, 6 November 2007 (UTC) Если только примечания совсем короткие.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:41, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :Printing run Так пишется на англояз. сайтах. Tax value не знаю.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:38, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :: Спасибо за черточку внизу. А вот по черточке / и вариантам таблицы в целом можно проголосовать, когда все авторы посчитают свои версии законченными. Но сначала давайте еще пообсуждаем, что и как можно улучшить. Я, например, хотел бы подсветить в своем варианте контент первой и третьей колонок более темным оттенком желтого, использованным Андреем в своей версии. Но я не знаю, как это правильно сделать. Помогите! --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:55, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::: А не надо никаких чёрточек, ни прямых, ни косых. Господа, это же таблица! Просто разделите головную строку на две - русскую и английскую. И всё. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 22:31, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Мария, разобрался со столбцами, о которых Вы говорите. Во-первых, их вид на экране зависит от того, какой у Вас монитор и браузер. Поэтому для каждого юзера таблица может выглядеть по-разному. Мы тут особо ничего не можем поделать. На данный момент на моем мониторе (17 дюймов, на жидких кристаллах, браузер Mozilla) всё выглядит великолепно. Если у Вас монитор в 15 дюймов, могут быть искажения по ширине столбцов, точнее по их содержимому. Во-вторых, есть параметр width="ХХХ", с помощью которого легко выставить любую ширину колонки таблицы, что я и сделал. Посмотрите в код. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 05:33, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Легко сказать чайнику: раздели! А ты покажи, как это делается. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 22:35, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: Вот Мария как раз покажет - она же сделала номерную строку для столбцов. Нужны ещё две такие строки - для английских названий и для квадратиков (а то они плохо смотрятся, когда не на одном уровне по высоте). [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 07:26, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::: По желтому цвету. Я имел в виду контрастное окрашивание только первой и третьей колонок, а не всей таблицы. Это возможно? У Андрея ведь это как-то выходит. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 22:59, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :::Ответ по цвету - загружаем Фотошоп, смотрим цветную карту (цвета), выбираем цвет, внизу, где решетка, копируем буквы с цифрами и вставляем вместо указанных цветов в таблице.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 23:14, 6 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Oops... Повторяю вопрос: как сделать контрастное окрашивание '''только первой и третьей колонок, а не всей таблицы'''? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 23:58, 6 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: Ну как то так... [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 00:12, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::::: А если так? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 00:42, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Ещё бы хорошо столбцы с номерами каталогов выделить чередованием цвета, чтобы легче было отслеживать взглядом. А столбец "Примечания" вообще убрать, раз он такой короткий, а сами примечания писать прямо в столбце "Описание". Либо, может, оставить место только под звёздочку сноски. А сноску оформлять на отдельную подстраницу, которая будет раскрываться шелчком на ней. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 09:23, 7 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: Сделал чередование цветов. "Примечания" думаю всё же нужны текстом прямо в таблице (без создания подстраниц сносок - это будет занимать много времени, а для пользователя потребует лишний клик). Кроме того, поменял местами английский и русский контент - to be more international user-friendly. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:35, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::::: Лёня, мне не нравится Print run. Можно ли заменить каким-нибудь одним ёмким словом? Спасибо. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:58, 7 November 2007 (UTC) ::::::: Let's change it to 'Issued'? / Заменим на "Issued"? --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:28, 7 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: А теперь еще и Stamp valuation добавил. Помоги грамотно сформулировать название столбца, пожалуйста. Quantity, как у Андрея? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 20:13, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::::: 'Value' / "Стоимость" IMHO. Since it attempts to establish a comparison basis for stamp valuation. / Поскольку это попытка отразить сопоставимую стоимость марок. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:28, 7 November 2007 (UTC) ::::::: Нет, речь идет о [[World Stamp Catalogue/Stamp valuation]], т.е. '''Number of stamps issued or believed to exist'''. Как это одним бы словом сказать? '''Issued'''? Я не против. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 20:35, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :::::::: Миша, именно что: "кол-во выпущенных или считающихся уцелевшими марок", поэтому я настаиваю. Суть в том, что если сохранилось (или было выпущено) 100 марок, то их цена будет совсем иной, чем 1 миллион марок. Осмелюсь заметить, при этом, что, хотя этот принцип и был сформулирован в виде общего правила, но на деле я его реализации нигде в каталоге не видел. Valuation - это именно "оценка стоимости". --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 21:19, 7 November 2007 (UTC) Предлагаю (I suggest): "номинал" = "face value", если не нравится tax value. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 21:12, 7 November 2007 (UTC) : Только не [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_value Tax value]. Скорее, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_value Face value]. Все равно длинно. Ладно, щас что-нибудь придумаю. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 23:01, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 2c / Template 2c == Николай, по твоему совету сделал две доп. строки в шапке. Но как перенести квадратики из 1-й в 3-ю, ума не приложу. Они задаются в коде как параметр для всей таблицы - class="wikitable sortable". Механический перенос его в 3-ю строку ничего не дает. А? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 09:16, 7 November 2007 (UTC) {| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |+ |- style="background-color:#FFCFCF;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | width="10%"|'''№№ по WWSC /<br />Изображение'''<br /> | '''Дата'''<br /> | width="450"|'''Описание'''<br /> | '''Художник'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Каталог ЦФА|ЦФА]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Скотт (каталог марок)|Скотт]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Михель (каталог марок)|Мих.]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Ивер и Телье (каталог марок)|Ивер]]'''<br /> | '''Тираж'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Номинал|Ном.]]'''<br /> | width="100" | '''[[w:ru:Зубцовка|Зубц.]]'''<br /> | width="250" |'''Прим.'''<br /> |- style="background-color:#FFCFCF;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | '''WWSC No./Image''' <br /> | '''Date''' <br /> | '''Description'''<br /> | '''Designer'''<br /> | '''CPA'''<br /> | '''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:Michel catalog|Mich.]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yver]]'''<br /> | '''Print run'''<br /> | '''Value'''<br /> | '''[[w:Perforation|Perf.]]'''<br /> | '''Notes'''<br /> |- style="background-color:#FFCFCF;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | bgcolor="#ffffdd" style="text-align:center;"|'''SUN-1991-????-????''' [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | '''1991-04-23''' | bgcolor="#ffffdd" | '''100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева''' <br /> Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева. Коричневая /<br /><br />'''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev'''<br /> Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer. Brown | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | Б. Илюхин /<br /> B. Ilyukhin | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 6314 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 5993 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 6191 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 2300 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | 0.15 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" | C 12 ½ : 12 | bgcolor="#FFFEF0" |<s>Так как вид таблицы нарушается. Если писать примечания в новом столбце. Если только примечания совсем короткие.</s> |- |} === Обсуждение шаблона / Template discussion === У тебя сортируется вторая строка вместе с текстом. Не могу понять никак, что вы собираетесь сортировать? [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 09:49, 7 November 2007 (UTC) : Как временный выход - оставь квадратики в первой строке, весь русский текст перенеси во вторую, весь английский в третью. И будет всё стройненько и красивенько. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 13:56, 7 November 2007 (UTC) : Надо каким-то образом дать понять шаблону, где заканчивается голова таблицы и начинается тело. Как? [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 14:05, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :: Не знаю, пас. :( --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 17:16, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон 2d / Template 2d == Ещё шаблончик <small><span class="autosigned">—Preceding [[w:Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] ([[User talk:Mariluna|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mariluna|contribs]]) 19:42, 7 ноября 2007</span></small>: {|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |+ |- style="background-color:#E5E1A8;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | width="10%"|'''Марка<br />Stamp''' <!-- (если блок, то пишем блок)--><br /> | '''Дата<br />Issue''' <br /> | width="500"|'''Описание<br />Description'''<br /> | '''Художник<br />Designer'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Каталог ЦФА|ЦФА]]<br />CPA'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Скотт (каталог марок)|Скотт]]<br />[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Михель (каталог марок)|Михель]]<br />[[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]'''<br /> | '''[[w:ru:Ивер и Телье (каталог марок)|Ивер]]<br />[[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yver]]'''<br /> | '''Тираж<br />Print run'''<br /> | '''Ном.<br />Value'''<br /> | '''Примечания<br />Notes'''<br /> |- style="background-color:#FFFEF0;" | bgcolor="#000000" align="center"|<font color="#ffff99">SUN-1989-????-????</font> [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|150x150px]] |'''1991-04-23''' | width="500"|'''100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева''' <br /> Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева.<br /><br />'''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev.'''<br /> Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer. | Б. Илюхин <br /><br /> B. Ilyukhin | bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |6314 | 5993 | bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |6191 | | 2300 | 0.15 | |- style="background-color:#FFFEF0;" | bgcolor="#000000" align="center"|<font color="#ffff99">SUN-1989-????-????</font> [[Image:1989 CPA 6043.jpg|150x150px]] |1989 | width="500"| Смотрите каталог за [[World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1989|1989]] г. и сравнивайте<!-- перф--> |<!-- 4 худ--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- 5 цфа--> |<!-- 6 скотт--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- 7 мих--> |<!-- 8 ив--> |<!-- 9 тир--> |<!-- 10 ном--> | |- style="background-color:#FFFEF0;" | bgcolor="#000000" align="center"|<font color="#ffff99">'''SUN-1989-????-????'''</font> [[Image:The Soviet Union 1991 CPA 6279 stamp (Fauna of the Black Sea. Frilly-mouthed jellyfish (Rhizostoma pulmo)) 1200dpi.jpg|150x150px]] |1989 | width="500"| No comments <small><span class="autosigned">—Preceding [[w:Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov A.]] ([[User talk:Sdobnikov A.|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sdobnikov A.|contribs]]) 21:54, 7 ноября 2007</span></small><!-- перф--> |<!-- 4 худ--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- 5 цфа--> |<!-- 6 скотт--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- 7 мих--> |<!-- 8 ив--> |<!-- 9 тир--> |<!-- 10 ном--> | |- style="background-color:#FFFEF0;" | bgcolor="#E5E1A8" style="text-align:center;"|'''SUN-1989-????-????''' [[Image:The Soviet Union 1991 CPA 6279 stamp (Fauna of the Black Sea. Frilly-mouthed jellyfish (Rhizostoma pulmo)) 1200dpi.jpg|150x150px]] |1989 | width="500"| See comments below --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 22:16, 7 November 2007 (UTC) |<!-- 4 худ--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- 5 цфа--> |<!-- 6 скотт--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- 7 мих--> |<!-- 8 ив--> |<!-- 9 тир--> |<!-- 10 ном--> | |} === Обсуждение шаблона / Template discussion === * Возражаю против черного фона в первом поле. Никогда не был сторонником использования такой цветовой гаммы в текстах и на сайтах. Но, может, на вкус и цвет... --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 20:20, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Хмм, а марка-то смотрится заметнее. Может, просто чуть посерее сделать? --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 21:21, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Начинаете меня переубеждать. :) Можно, и так оставить. Только желтые буквы, по-моему, плохо читаемы. Может, хотя бы жирным выделить? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:43, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Мда, Андрей, вот это ты поставил нас на место. :) И верно - есть ромбы, треугольники, а еще овалы, круги... О! А что если для таких случаев отменять фон вообще? Пробую. Да, а желтые жирные буквы номера все-таки лучше смотрятся - сравните. Одобряете? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 22:16, 7 November 2007 (UTC) : А смысл его (чёрный) применять вообще? [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 22:33, 7 November 2007 (UTC) :: Как сказал Лёня, марка смотрится заметнее. Вот! --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 23:03, 7 November 2007 (UTC) * Действительно лучше смотрится. Хорошая гамма. Без розового-голубого гораздо солиднее всё. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 05:45, 8 November 2007 (UTC) *Может марки с белым фоном пересканировать на белом фоне, чтобы черной полоски не было. Так как эти марки темные, и белый будет контрастнее смотреться, а черная полоска сливается с маркой и зубцы плохо видно.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 08:10, 8 November 2007 (UTC) * Машенька, мне Вас жалко, если Вы собираетесь загубить свою молодую жизнь на пересканирование марок и создание викикаталогов. :) А если серьезно, смысла в этом большого нет. Я же сделал пример, когда для таких марок можно убрать в виде исключения черный фон. Ничего страшного при этом не произойдет. Поверьте мне. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 09:58, 8 November 2007 (UTC) Производство мебели Донецк. Изготовление мебели Донецк. Металлопластиковые окна, двери, фурнитура. Вертикальные и горизонтальные жалюзи, ролеты. 83114, Украина, Донецкая Область, г. Донецк, ул. Университетская, 78, Офис №3 == О поисковых системах / Re searching engines == Минус в англ викибуке - при поиске по слову в википедии не будет работать наш каталог. И в поисковых системах рунета наверное тоже.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 02:40, 7 November 2007 (UTC) : Мария, не спешите. Наша страница '''World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union''' только-только создана и еще не попала в поисковики мировой паутины. Но дайте несколько недель - и Вы увидите, картина поменятся. Пример: страница [[World Stamp Catalogue/United States]] имеет [http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=World_Stamp_Catalogue/United_States&action=history историю] начиная с 14 мая 2007 года и прекрасно распознается интернет-поисковиками, включая [http://www.google.com/search?ie=UTF-8&hl=ru&q=World%20Stamp%20Catalogue%2FUnited%20States Google] · [http://search.msn.com/results.aspx?q=World%20Stamp%20Catalogue%2FUnited%20States MSN] · [http://search.yahoo.com/bin/query?p=World%20Stamp%20Catalogue%2FUnited%20States&ei=UTF-8 Yahoo!]. А в Википедии содержимое Wikibooks и не должно быть доступным через поиск. Все википроекты в этом плане не зависимы друг от друга. Вы ведь не можете в Википедии искать что-то на Складе? Мы можем лишь в своих викистатьях там, где уместно, давать ссылки на контент Wikibooks. Так что никаких особых минусов нет и быть не может. Смею Вас заверить и успокоить. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 05:16, 7 November 2007 (UTC) == [[World Stamp Catalogue/Stamp valuation]] == Похоже, что нам необходимо сделать еще одну колонку. Этого требуют правила. Или использовать для этого столбец "Тираж", расписывая поля вот так, например: '''D (10,000)'''? Что скажите, господа? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 20:02, 7 November 2007 (UTC) Ну можно и так.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 09:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) == Заморочки / New template design flaws == Мда, коллеги, ИМХО, мы слишком заморочились на шаблонах. Я посмотрел на уже проделанные здесь работы, всё везде просто и понятно. Без наворотов, но эффективно. ИМХО, конечно. Я, скорее всего, оставлю эту затею с каталогом, так как мне она уже не приносит никакого удовлетворения. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 22:38, 7 November 2007 (UTC) : И то правда, друзья, посмотрите, как [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/China/1941 люди] реализуют уже имеющийся стандратный шаблон, что на самом деле обычная викитаблица. Простенько, лаконично, без наворотов и по делу. Я бы её только чуть-чуть подправил, увеличив общую ширину и добавив Valuation. И русский текст достаточен только для описания. Вопрос с сериями тоже решаем (см. пример ниже). Если марка одиночная, то в сине-зеленую строку вписывается только название выпуска. Если это серия, то, кроме ее названия, в сине-зеленую строку записываются все общие для данной серии элементы (художник, зубцовка и т.д.). Кто за? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 00:03, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: а если серия, но зубцовка или авторы миниатюр разные? --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 09:24, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::: А, ну, это просто - в этом случае они уже не являются общими элементами и вписываются в описание отдельных марок серии. О, хорошо, что Вы объявились, пока я писал пост ниже. Итак, прошу Вас высказаться и проголосовать. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 09:47, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :::: в таком случае у данного шаблона будет та же "болезнь" что и у шаблона 2С - он будет сильно вытянутый по высоте. Проголосовал еще утром. См. ниже. --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 11:32, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: Вытягивание по высоте зависит главным образом от первой колонки, а не от описания. И потом - какой у Вас монитор? У меня и на 15- и на 17-дюймовом колонка с описанием выглядит нормально. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ;Стандартный WWSC шаблон-таблица / Standard WWSC Template: {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="3" | '''Date/Image''' | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''Catalogue Number''' | '''Description''' | '''Reference''' | '''[[World Stamp Catalogue/Stamp valuation|Valuation]] & Other Notes''' |- |+ |- bgcolor="#ccffff" | ''1991-04-23'' | colspan="4"|''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev / 100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева'' |- | style="text-align:center;"|[[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|100x100px]] | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | SUN-1991-????-???? | '''Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer'''. Brown. Designer: B. Ilyukhin. Value: 0.15. Issued: 2,300. C 12½:12 / '''Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева'''. Коричневая. Худ. Б. Илюхин | CPA 6314, Sc 5993, Mi 6191 | C |- |+ |- bgcolor="#ccffff" | ''1989-02-08'' | colspan="4"|''Russian samovars. Designer: G. Timofeev. C 11½ / Русские самовары. Худ. Г. Тимофеев'' |- | style="text-align:center;"|[[Image:1989 CPA 6043.jpg|100x100px]] | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | SUN-1989-????-???? | '''Pear-like samovar, 18th c'''. Value: 0.05. Issued: 3,600 / '''Самовар грушевидной формы, XVIII в.''' | CPA 6043, Mi 5924 | C |- | style="text-align:center;"|[[Image:1989 CPA 6044.jpg|100x100px]] | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | SUN-1989-????-???? | '''Samovar-barrel by Ivan Lisitsin of Tula, early 19th c'''. Value: 0.10. Issued: 3,200 / '''Самовар-бочонок Ивана Лисицына из Тулы, начало XVIII в.''' | CPA 6044, Mi 5925 | C |} == Голосование 1 / Voting 1 == Голосуем: ---- ;Template 1.1: ---- ;Template 1.2: '''За'''. Только вот он получается слишком вытянутый по вертикали, что-бы этого избежать можно колонку "описание" сделать горизонтальной и ставить с самого верха. --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 09:43, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : В этом варианте действительно колонка с описанием сильно разбухла. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ---- ;Template 2a: ---- ;Template 2b: ---- ;Template 2c: ---- ;Template 2d: ---- ;Standard WWSC Template: * '''За.''' --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 00:48, 8 November 2007 (UTC) * '''За.''' - только серии должны быть отделены друг от друга. Я и брал для своего шаблона 1.1 за основу стандартную таблицу. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 04:21, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Спасибо. Оценил твои колебания. :) А разве при таком варианте они не отделены (сине-зелеными строками для каждого нового выпуска)? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 05:09, 8 November 2007 (UTC) * Воздерживаюсь. [[User:Nickpo|Nickpo]] 05:28, 8 November 2007 (UTC) * '''За.''' - При этом терзаюсь некоторыми угрызениями совести. Как всегда в Википедии, голосуют те, кто не собирается особо работать над проектом, а инициаторам и главным исполнителям проекта остается только претворять результаты их голосования. По-моему, голос Марилуны должен приравниваться как минимум к трём (если, конечно, у нее отличное мнение). В конечном итоге главное, чтобы каталог страны был унифицирован по одному шаблону. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 08:05, 8 November 2007 (UTC) === Обсуждение / Discussion === Знаете, самое трудное, это выбор шаблона. А потом марки добавлять можно уже по накатанной схеме. Будет обидно переделывать все года потом, когда кто-нибудь предложит шаблон еще лучше. Лучше утвердить один удобный шаблон для заполнения, чем каждый будет делать по-своему. Андрей настаивает на своём шаблоне. А Вы, Андрей, будете делать каталоги со своим шаблоном? Или только хотите шаблон утвердить и забыть про его существование. На дворе 2007 год, почему мы должны использовать старый 2006 г. шаблон, если можно его улучшить. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 08:31, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Маша, я готов '''работать''' над проектом, а не переливать из пустого в порожнее с затягиванием выбора шаблона. Ведь, насколько я знаю, каталоги не у всех имеются, дабы нумерацию марок проставлять, тираж указывать и фамилию художника. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 13:03, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Да. Согласен. Давайте уже определяться. А каталогов - у меня так точно нет. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Маша, не ругайтесь, пожалуйста, и не обижайтесь. Андрей не меньше Вашего провозился с этим проектом и, тем не менее, не проголосовал за свой вариант. Поддерживаю Леонида: Ваш голос должен приравниваться как минимум к трём. Расклад на данный момент, Вы видите, какой: :* Если Вы голосуете, как все (то есть, как трое, проголосовавших уже за один и тот же шаблон), проходит стандартный вариант (слегка мною подрихтованный). :* Если голосуете за 2d (по-видимому, Ваш фаворит), я думаю, будет справедливо засчитать Вам сразу более 3 голосов и выдать Вам [[w:ru:карт-бланш|карт-бланш]] на осуществление всего проекта. Согласны? : Ожидать новых голосов не приходится, если, конечно, не проявит себя Agent001, находившийся здесь на начальных этапах обсуждения. Якив на мой запрос (пока) не ответил. А Роман [http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0:StraSSenBahn#World_Stamp_Catalogue.2FSoviet_Union уклонился] от обсуждения. Поэтому итог будем подводить, скорее всего, без них. Правда, есть еще другие участники и наблюдатели филпроекта. Можно, персонально обратиться и к ним. Мне только кажется, что они, не зная всех деталей обсуждаемых вопросов, не смогут достаточно объективно рассудить нас. Или все-таки обратиться к ним? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 09:39, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Маша, слово за Вами. Мне лично кажется, что эта функция сортировки не больно чего даёт, зато лишает нас возможности давать общий заголовок сериям и общие сведения для всей серии. Что Вам подсказывает практический опыт заполнения 1989 года? Хочется поскорее утвердить один шаблон и начать конкретную работу. Естественно, все мы будем работать с одним и тем же шаблоном, который согласуем. Миша, по большому счету, прав, принципиальной разницы для каталога нет. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 12:00, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ** Здравствуйте! Я не против шаблона, который предлагается. Но мой нравится больше с точки зрения технического заполнения. Варианты в виде сплошной таблицы, без шапок и названий выпусков в заголовках выполнить проще и быстрее. А цвета можно всегда поменять. Это легко сделать с помощью замены. Я голосую за свой вариант. Хотя, пусть Андрей выбирает года и заполняет их своим шаблоном, а я буду заполнять своим шаблоном другой период. А остальные будут принимать участие в дополнении и исправлении информации. Я не хочу, чтобы Андрей обижался, но я тоже упертый близнец, как и он. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 14:53, 8 November 2007 (UTC) *** Друзья, упираться не надо. Я (как козерог) мог бы тут тоже с Вами пободаться. :) Но давайте идти на компромиссы. Маша, Вы же видите, мы с Леонидом, например, готовы пойти Вам на встречу. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Если каждый будет заполнять каталог своими таблицами, то это получится полная ерунда. А если здесь делать толкьо на английском, то это работа для двоих - Михаила и Леонида, так как остальные участники, в том числе и я, имеют в английском весьма слабые познания. Маша, я предложил, как мне кажется, компромисный вариант с двумя параллельными проектами, но если Вы против, то тогда мне нечего больше предложить. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 15:07, 8 November 2007 (UTC) В этом варианте хорошо то, что не надо для каждой марки в серии писать название выпуска. А таблице нужно в каждой строчке. Но я думаю, что это не страшно.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 16:48, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Серии все-таки желательно как-то выделять в списке. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) * Тогда давайте выберем конкретный вариант по цвету, я залью автоматом все года, а потом вручную будем дописывать, что сможем. При заливке укажу всё что смогу. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 16:48, 8 November 2007 (UTC) *И ещё - названия выпусков и описания марок берём с каталогов? Если так, то это не нарушение авторского права? --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 16:48, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : В принципе, это должны быть официальные государственные названия знаков почтовой оплаты, не охраняемые авторским правом либо общепринятые (если только составители не напридумывали что-то своё). У составителя может быть только авторское право на состав сборника. Нам надо только добавлять своё и подправлять, если не устраивает, и состав получится другой. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 18:06, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Названия и описания берем из каталогов - откуда ж еще. Один к одному ведь все равно не получится, так что волноваться особо не нужно. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) == Голосование 2 / Voting 2 == Коллеги, нам ничего не мешает вести параллельно два проекта. Всё равно же хотели на Русском Викебуке делать каталог. Предлагаю, раз уж мы начали осуществлять проект на Английской территории, применить здесь стандартный шаблон, с английскимпереводом. На Русском Викебуке, где мы не будет наездов ни Лам, ни Гуанако, использовать шаблон Марии без английского перевода, что сократит таблицу вдвое. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 12:58, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : '''ЗА''' --[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 13:14, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : '''ЗА''' [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 13:42, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : '''Против.''' Тогда не получится '''уникального''' продукта, а будет просто таблица, как на других сайтах. Еще могут стереть как копивио. А так будет видно, что здесь была проведена работа, а не просто скопирован текст. Лучше на рус викибуке сделать англо-русскую версию, а здесь только на английском.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 14:42, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: а зачем на руВикибуке англо-русскую? Только русскую. а здесь - значит только англ.--[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 15:20, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Копивио не будет. Контенты всех Википроектов в свободном доступе, тем более, что мы же сами и будем авторы данных продуктов. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : '''ЗА''' Но как предложила Марилуна. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 18:14, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : '''ЗА'''. Но дублировать русский текст в английской версии нет смысла. Вы забываете, друзья, что есть такие штучки, '''интервики''' называются. Английский и русский викибукс-каталоги будут сшиты между собой с помощью интервики. А тогда надобность в русском переводе в английском варианте отпадает. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Тогда мы, плохо владеющие английским, будем разрабатывать русскую версию, а на Михаила с Леонидом ложится английский перевод. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 19:15, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Отлично, консенсус есть получается. Давайте подтвердим окончательную форму шаблона, и завтра можно начинать! --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:10, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::: No problem. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:25, 8 November 2007 (UTC) Сделал титульную страницу в Викиучебнике для русского языка: [[http://ru.wikibooks.org/wiki/Каталог_почтовых_марок_СССР]]. <small><span class="autosigned">—Preceding [[w:Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] ([[User talk:Leonid Dzhepko|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leonid Dzhepko|contribs]]) 16:39, 9 ноября 2007</span></small> : Замечательно. Надеюсь, Андрей с Машей как здесь потренируются, перенесут всю русскую часть туда. А здесь останется одна английская. Интервики между двумя версиями я уже проставил. Есть ли смысл оставлять русский дубляж на заглавной странице каталога и других описательно-пояснительных страницах на en.wikibooks? Разве что для тех будущих русскоговорящих участников с плохим уровнем английского, которые будут подключаться к проекту. В принципе ты, Лёня, ведь и на складе основные инструкции попереводил. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 00:58, 10 November 2007 (UTC) == Шаблон (еще один) / One more new template == {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- style="background-color:#E5E1A8;font-size:9.0pt;" valign="top" align="center" | '''Date/Image''' | '''Catalogue Number''' | width="460"|'''Description''' | '''CPA''' | '''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]''' | '''[[w:Michel catalog|Mich.]]''' | '''[[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yver]]''' | '''[[World Stamp Catalogue/Stamp valuation|Valuation]] & Other Notes''' |- bgcolor="#F6F4D1" | align="center"|''1991-04-23'' | colspan="7"|''100th anniversary of Sergey S. Prokofiev / 100-летие со дня рождения С. С. Прокофьева'' |- bgcolor="#FFFEF0" align="center" | bgcolor="#000000" | [[Image:1991 CPA 6314.jpg|130x130px]] | SUN-1991-????-???? | align="left" width="460"|'''Portrait of Sergey S. Prokofiev, composer'''. Brown. Designer: B. Ilyukhin. Value: 0.15. Issued: 2,300. C 12½:12 <br />'''Портрет композитора С. С. Прокофьева'''. Коричневая. Худ. Б. Илюхин |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |6314 |5993 |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |6191 |<!-- ивер--> | C <!-- тираж в тыс.--> |- bgcolor="#F6F4D1" | align="center"|''1989-02-08'' | colspan="7"|''Russian samovars. Designer: G. Timofeev. C 11½ / Русские самовары. Худ. Г. Тимофеев'' |- bgcolor="#FFFEF0" align="center" | bgcolor="#000000" |[[Image:1989 CPA 6043.jpg|130x130px]] | SUN-1989-????-???? | align="left" width="460"|'''Pear-like samovar, 18th c'''. Value: 0.05. Issued: 3,600 <br /> '''Самовар грушевидной формы, XVIII в.''' |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |6043 |<!-- скотт--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |5924 |<!-- ивер--> | C <!-- тираж в тыс.--> |- bgcolor="#FFFEF0" align="center" | bgcolor="#000000" |[[Image:1989 CPA 6044.jpg|130x130px]] | SUN-1989-????-???? | align="left" width="460"|'''Samovar-barrel by Ivan Lisitsyn of Tula, early 19th c'''. Value: 0.10. Issued: 3,200 <br /> '''Самовар-бочонок Ивана Лисицына из Тулы, начало XVIII в.''' |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- цфа--> |<!-- скотт--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- мих--> |<!-- 7 ивер--> | C <!-- тираж в тыс.--> |- bgcolor="#FFFEF0" align="center" | [[Image:The Soviet Union 1991 CPA 6279 stamp (Fauna of the Black Sea. Frilly-mouthed jellyfish (Rhizostoma pulmo)) 1200dpi.jpg|130x130px]] | SUN-1991-????-???? | align="left" | |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- цфа--> |<!-- скотт--> |bgcolor="#F6F4D1" |<!-- мих--> |<!-- 7 ивер--> | C <!-- тираж в тыс.--> |} === And one more discussion === Что скажете?--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 18:16, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : А куда подевался Ивер? --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 18:19, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Отлично! Ивер добавил. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 18:37, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Маша, вот видите, все-таки на компромиссы и Вы способны. :) Ваш вариант уже практически мой, только в Вашей фирменной цветовой упаковке, плюс для каталогов Вы дали отдельные колонки. Но я бы их объединил в одну все-таки - Reference (как было в стандартном шаблоне). Смысла в разбивке по каталогам нет, раз уж нет сортировки. А место несколько дополнительных колонок занимают, больше чем одна Reference, тем самым сжимая ширину описания. Тогда отпадет справедливый вопрос Леонида по Иверу. Кроме того, уменьшите размер имиджей со 150 до 100 px. Так таблица станет еще более компактной, а описание растянется по горизонтали. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 19:02, 8 November 2007 (UTC) **Да совсем уменьшать изображения не хочется. Колонки по номерам удобнее, так как писать не надо каждый раз какой это каталог. У меня смотрится на мониторе нормально. Тем более, текст бывает разным, бывает много текста.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 19:19, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: А на серединке (125px) сторгуемся? Чтобы и вашим, и нашим. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:19, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::: ''(совсем жалобным голосом, местами шмыгая носом)'' Маш, а так нечестнааа... Зачем Вы втихаря в свою сторону опять прибавили? Думаете, как [http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0:Mariluna#.D0.9E.D1.80.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.BD_.C2.AB.D0.91.D1.83.D0.B4.D1.8C_.D0.B3.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B5.D0.BC.21.C2.BB орден] геройский получили, так Вам теперича всё дозволено? :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 23:58, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Согласен. Сделал небольшой отступ от края. ИМХО, не помешает. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 19:26, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Может сократим "Михель" до "Мих." и "Michel" до "Mich.", чтобы одной длины были колонки каталогов? --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 20:11, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::: {{done}} и убрал русские названия каталогов. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:19, 8 November 2007 (UTC) А зачем курсив убрали из названий серий? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:23, 8 November 2007 (UTC) : Если не хотите курсив, сделайте жирным. И дату тогда тоже жирным и по центру. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:29, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :: Через чур жирным тоже не надо делать. Я вернул курсив. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 21:35, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Вот так-то оно красивше будет. Или, как говорит наш Николай, ''кузявее''. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 21:39, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :::: Ну что, можно приступать к работе? [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 22:08, 8 November 2007 (UTC) ::::: Верните мне моих 125px! А тогда и приступайте. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 23:58, 8 November 2007 (UTC) :::::: Вот, совсем другой коленкор! Спасибо, Андрей. Хоть ты надо мной сжалился. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 00:08, 9 November 2007 (UTC) Может есть смысл сделать колонку "номинал" и "тираж"? ИМХО писать в описании каждой позиции слово "Value" и "Issued" не рационально. Вариант: в самой верхней строке, где названия колонок, написать так -"Описание марки, тираж(тыс), номинал(руб)"--[[User:Agent001|Agent001]] 09:06, 9 November 2007 (UTC) : Ну это мы тогда опять вернемся к начальным вариантам и уйдем от стандарта. Маша вон стала тираж включать в Valuation, что не верно, как уже здесь выше пояснял Лёня. Тут надо бы спросить у Андрея, который пока всё прописывает в Description. Андрей, это не утомительно? Как ты выходишь из положения? Или каждый раз вручную набиваешь? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 01:13, 10 November 2007 (UTC) :: Андрей, ты так и не ответил на вопросы выше. Это важно. Я категорически против того, что у нас получился разнобой на страницах 1989 и 1991 года, причем не по твоей вине. :: Маша, в Valuation тираж не должен стоять! Ставьте буквенные обозначения - а, бэ, це и т.д.! Указывайте тираж в Description! Вы ведь прописываете там Value, что за проблема тогда с тиражом? И вернитесь к 125px! --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 18:55, 12 November 2007 (UTC) *Внимание, в изображениях надо ставить 125x125px, так как марки высокие получаются по высоте 125, марки низкие по ширине 125. В таком виде как сейчас, получается так, что самовары больше марки с Прокофьевым. А это не так. И почему 125? Почему 150 не устраивает? Маловато. Я уже начала переделывать 1989 г. Пока его не трогайте. Выбирайте года, над которыми будете работать вплотную, чтобы не было конфликтов редактирования. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 11:32, 9 November 2007 (UTC) :: Спасибо за замечание по 125x125px. А вот маловато или нет? Ну мы же это уже обсуждали. Размер первой клетки задает общую высоту, поэтому при увеличении px таблица будет только расти по вертикали. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 01:13, 10 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Маша, при таком упорстве в молчаливом проталкивании 150px Вы достойны стать дважды Героем. :) --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 18:44, 12 November 2007 (UTC) : Я беру 1991. [[User:Sdobnikov A.|Sdobnikov Andrey]] 12:50, 9 November 2007 (UTC) УВАЖАЕМЫЕ ДАМЫ И ГОСПОДА! Какой шаблон окончательный? Надо подбить итог: написать здесь на аглицком, вывесить шаблон в шаблонах, описать порядок его заполнения на странице каталога и дать ссылки на него, где только можно. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 13:19, 9 November 2007 (UTC) Этот последний. Но все равно, в ходе работы будет менятся. --[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 16:05, 9 November 2007 (UTC) : Вот так вот, Лёня. Хозяйка - барыня. :) Поэтому пусть пока оно всё обкатывается, а через неделю-другую (месяц?) можно расписать все инструкции. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 01:13, 10 November 2007 (UTC) :: ОК, ждём-с, "до первой звезды нельзя-с". --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 16:11, 10 November 2007 (UTC) :: Беру 1988 г. оформлять--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 01:26, 12 November 2007 (UTC) :: Беру 1971 г. оформлять. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 12:52, 16 November 2007 (UTC) == Colors / Порядок обозначения цвета == Маша, Андрей, можете на основании каталогов описать сабж для нашего каталога? Надо будет как-то сопоставить с английской (международной?) системой. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 13:25, 9 November 2007 (UTC) : Ты имеешь в виду расписывание на Рубукс всего, что дано [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue здесь] и на подстраницах английского каталога? Или что? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 01:17, 10 November 2007 (UTC) :: Оно бы так, но, насколько я подозреваю на русском языке, в русскоязычных каталогах за основу взята другая система обозначения цвета, и их надо будет как-то соотнести (или оговорить). В ЦФА как? --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] 18:14, 10 November 2007 (UTC) ::: Понял. Раз у нас другая система, тогда надо ей пользоваться. Нет? --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 18:35, 10 November 2007 (UTC) == Изображения / Images == : ''Перенесено со страницы [[w:ru:Обсуждение Википедии:Проект:Филателия/Архив-2007 (ноябрь—декабрь)]]'' Друзья, прежде чем сканировать марки и заливать на склад (особенно в рамках подпроекта [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_Stamp_Catalogue/Soviet_Union КАТАЛОГ]), проверьте категории [[w:ru:Категория:Изображения:Почтовые марки]], [[w:ru:Категория:Изображения:Советские марки]] и [[w:en:Category:Public domain stamp images]], чтобы не делать лишней работы по сканированию. Уже столкнулся, минимум, с тремя случаями дубляжа. —[[Участник:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] 09:38, 13 ноября 2007 (UTC) ==Задание на проверку== * [[World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1989]] можно корректировать.--[[User:Mariluna|Mariluna]] 22:42, 9 November 2007 (UTC) == If your interested... == I don't know if anyone is still around who would be interested in this, but with some of the issues that have been presented with this and past desires to make translations and multilingual books, I thought perhaps there is a chance some of you would be interested in and understand the need for a multilingual wikibooks project. If anyone is still around and is interested, you should discuss this on my proposal to create such at project at [[Meta:Requests for new languages/Wikibooks Multilingual]]. --<span style="font: bold 10pt 'courier new', comic, sans, ms;">[[User:Darklama|<font color="midnightblue">dark</font>]][[User_talk:Darklama|<font color="green">lama</font>]]</span> 15:49, 13 December 2007 (UTC) : Sorry, Darklama, I am grateful for your suggestion and I have carefully reviewed your proposal, but I think we can do English catalogue in en:wikibooks, and Russian catalogue in ru:wikibooks, making cross-references between them. I don't see any good in starting yet another wikiproject. --[[User:Leonid Dzhepko|Leonid Dzhepko]] ([[User talk:Leonid Dzhepko|talk]]) 13:37, 24 December 2007 (UTC) :: I agree with the Leonid's opinion. Sorry. --[[User:Michael Romanov|Michael Romanov]] ([[User talk:Michael Romanov|talk]]) 19:25, 26 December 2007 (UTC) c14308elwl1lf08w5s3e5viphf029t5 4 140081 4634416 4634020 2026-05-06T12:08:47Z MathXplore 3097823 Reporting Glinemovers 4634416 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{shortcut|WB:AN|WB:AA}} {{TOC left}} {{User:MiszaBot/config |archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance/Archives/%(year)d/%(monthname)s |algo = old(14d) |counter = 1 |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 1 }} {{ombox|type=content|text='''To request a rename or usurpation''', go to the global request page at Meta [[meta:SRUC|here]].<br />''Please do not post those requests here!''}} {{Clear}} Welcome to the '''Administrative Assistance reading room'''. You can request assistance from [[WB:ADMIN|administrators]] for handling a variety of problems here and alert them about problems which may require special actions not normally used during regular content editing. Please be patient as administrators are often quite busy with either their own projects or trying to perform general maintenance and cleanup. You can deal with most vandalism yourself: [[Wikibooks:Dealing with vandalism|fix it]], then [[Wikibooks:Templates/User_notices|warn the user]]. If there is repeated vandalism by one user, lots of vandalism on a single page, or vandalism from many users, tell an admin here, or in [irc://irc.freenode.net/wikibooks #wikibooks] (say <code>!admin</code> to get attention). For more general questions and assistance that doesn't require an administrator, please use the [[WB:HELP|Assistance Reading Room]]. {{clear}} [[Category:Reading room]] == Jhon12345154321 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Jhon12345154321}} Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/311699]] <!-- USERREPORTED:/Jhon12345154321/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:23, 22 April 2026 (UTC) :{{done}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:21, 23 April 2026 (UTC) == Amuckgoads reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Amuckgoads}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Amuckgoads/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:25, 22 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. The account has been blocked indefinitely, and the talk page has been salted under autoconfirmed protection indefinitely. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:50, 22 April 2026 (UTC) == Adetoro muiz4 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Adetoro muiz4}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Adetoro muiz4/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:39, 24 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:45, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Owolabi Habeeb ola reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Owolabi Habeeb ola}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Owolabi Habeeb ola/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:39, 24 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:46, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Toni Tagiam reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Toni Tagiam}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Toni Tagiam/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 13:00, 24 April 2026 (UTC) :{{done|Globally blocked}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:37, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Kianpatterson53 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Kianpatterson53}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Kianpatterson53/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 11:06, 25 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}} by WikiBayer (GS); it's an LTA. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:41, 25 April 2026 (UTC) == Everythingis99 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Everythingis99}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Everythingis99/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:19, 25 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:38, 26 April 2026 (UTC) == Mirko Privitera reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Mirko Privitera}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/Mirko Privitera/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 06:57, 26 April 2026 (UTC) == Kevinsteinfeldt reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Kevinsteinfeldt}} Cross-wiki issues: Vandalism-only account <!-- USERREPORTED:/Kevinsteinfeldt/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 05:15, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Globally locked by Count Count. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:57, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 07:02, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Globally locked by M7. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:58, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Degroot1 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Degroot1}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Degroot1/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 10:47, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Page was already deleted, but the account is otherwise {{stale}}. Please re-report if they continue spamming. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:59, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Jalwagamesonline reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Jalwagamesonline}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Jalwagamesonline/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 22:30, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Page was already deleted, but the account is otherwise {{stale}}. Please re-report if they continue spamming. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:00, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == ~2026-26947-55 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|~2026-26947-55}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-26947-55/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:24, 3 May 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:00, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == No data in page linked to by Wikidata == The page, [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSSH/Third_Party_Utilities OpenSSH: Third Party Utilities] has no data and thus should not be linked to from [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139625509 Q139625509] How can the link be deleted? Thanks. [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 05:06, 4 May 2026 (UTC) :Same for Q139611668 and Q139611580. All three links should be deleted / removed as the destination pages in the en.wikibook do not have any data but instead normal prose. - [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 05:15, 4 May 2026 (UTC) == Glinemovers reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Glinemovers}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Glinemovers/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:08, 6 May 2026 (UTC) lhtfxy51f80g2nfd7px87s7ilh49oxt 4634419 4634416 2026-05-06T12:09:43Z MathXplore 3097823 Reporting Deftsoft51 4634419 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{shortcut|WB:AN|WB:AA}} {{TOC left}} {{User:MiszaBot/config |archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance/Archives/%(year)d/%(monthname)s |algo = old(14d) |counter = 1 |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 1 }} {{ombox|type=content|text='''To request a rename or usurpation''', go to the global request page at Meta [[meta:SRUC|here]].<br />''Please do not post those requests here!''}} {{Clear}} Welcome to the '''Administrative Assistance reading room'''. You can request assistance from [[WB:ADMIN|administrators]] for handling a variety of problems here and alert them about problems which may require special actions not normally used during regular content editing. Please be patient as administrators are often quite busy with either their own projects or trying to perform general maintenance and cleanup. You can deal with most vandalism yourself: [[Wikibooks:Dealing with vandalism|fix it]], then [[Wikibooks:Templates/User_notices|warn the user]]. If there is repeated vandalism by one user, lots of vandalism on a single page, or vandalism from many users, tell an admin here, or in [irc://irc.freenode.net/wikibooks #wikibooks] (say <code>!admin</code> to get attention). For more general questions and assistance that doesn't require an administrator, please use the [[WB:HELP|Assistance Reading Room]]. {{clear}} [[Category:Reading room]] == Jhon12345154321 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Jhon12345154321}} Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/311699]] <!-- USERREPORTED:/Jhon12345154321/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:23, 22 April 2026 (UTC) :{{done}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:21, 23 April 2026 (UTC) == Amuckgoads reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Amuckgoads}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Amuckgoads/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:25, 22 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. The account has been blocked indefinitely, and the talk page has been salted under autoconfirmed protection indefinitely. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:50, 22 April 2026 (UTC) == Adetoro muiz4 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Adetoro muiz4}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Adetoro muiz4/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:39, 24 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:45, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Owolabi Habeeb ola reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Owolabi Habeeb ola}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Owolabi Habeeb ola/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:39, 24 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:46, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Toni Tagiam reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Toni Tagiam}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Toni Tagiam/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 13:00, 24 April 2026 (UTC) :{{done|Globally blocked}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:37, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Kianpatterson53 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Kianpatterson53}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Kianpatterson53/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 11:06, 25 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}} by WikiBayer (GS); it's an LTA. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:41, 25 April 2026 (UTC) == Everythingis99 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Everythingis99}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Everythingis99/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:19, 25 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:38, 26 April 2026 (UTC) == Mirko Privitera reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Mirko Privitera}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/Mirko Privitera/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 06:57, 26 April 2026 (UTC) == Kevinsteinfeldt reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Kevinsteinfeldt}} Cross-wiki issues: Vandalism-only account <!-- USERREPORTED:/Kevinsteinfeldt/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 05:15, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Globally locked by Count Count. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:57, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 07:02, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Globally locked by M7. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:58, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Degroot1 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Degroot1}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Degroot1/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 10:47, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Page was already deleted, but the account is otherwise {{stale}}. Please re-report if they continue spamming. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:59, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Jalwagamesonline reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Jalwagamesonline}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Jalwagamesonline/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 22:30, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Page was already deleted, but the account is otherwise {{stale}}. Please re-report if they continue spamming. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:00, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == ~2026-26947-55 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|~2026-26947-55}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-26947-55/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:24, 3 May 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:00, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == No data in page linked to by Wikidata == The page, [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSSH/Third_Party_Utilities OpenSSH: Third Party Utilities] has no data and thus should not be linked to from [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139625509 Q139625509] How can the link be deleted? Thanks. [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 05:06, 4 May 2026 (UTC) :Same for Q139611668 and Q139611580. All three links should be deleted / removed as the destination pages in the en.wikibook do not have any data but instead normal prose. - [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 05:15, 4 May 2026 (UTC) == Glinemovers reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Glinemovers}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Glinemovers/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:08, 6 May 2026 (UTC) == Deftsoft51 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Deftsoft51}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Deftsoft51/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:09, 6 May 2026 (UTC) bjmosvpll057gaevk91spw20exlvh3o 4634422 4634419 2026-05-06T12:37:16Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 /* Glinemovers reported by MathXplore */ Reply 4634422 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{shortcut|WB:AN|WB:AA}} {{TOC left}} {{User:MiszaBot/config |archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance/Archives/%(year)d/%(monthname)s |algo = old(14d) |counter = 1 |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 1 }} {{ombox|type=content|text='''To request a rename or usurpation''', go to the global request page at Meta [[meta:SRUC|here]].<br />''Please do not post those requests here!''}} {{Clear}} Welcome to the '''Administrative Assistance reading room'''. You can request assistance from [[WB:ADMIN|administrators]] for handling a variety of problems here and alert them about problems which may require special actions not normally used during regular content editing. Please be patient as administrators are often quite busy with either their own projects or trying to perform general maintenance and cleanup. You can deal with most vandalism yourself: [[Wikibooks:Dealing with vandalism|fix it]], then [[Wikibooks:Templates/User_notices|warn the user]]. If there is repeated vandalism by one user, lots of vandalism on a single page, or vandalism from many users, tell an admin here, or in [irc://irc.freenode.net/wikibooks #wikibooks] (say <code>!admin</code> to get attention). For more general questions and assistance that doesn't require an administrator, please use the [[WB:HELP|Assistance Reading Room]]. {{clear}} [[Category:Reading room]] == Jhon12345154321 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Jhon12345154321}} Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/311699]] <!-- USERREPORTED:/Jhon12345154321/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:23, 22 April 2026 (UTC) :{{done}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:21, 23 April 2026 (UTC) == Amuckgoads reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Amuckgoads}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Amuckgoads/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:25, 22 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. The account has been blocked indefinitely, and the talk page has been salted under autoconfirmed protection indefinitely. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:50, 22 April 2026 (UTC) == Adetoro muiz4 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Adetoro muiz4}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Adetoro muiz4/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:39, 24 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:45, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Owolabi Habeeb ola reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Owolabi Habeeb ola}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Owolabi Habeeb ola/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:39, 24 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:46, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Toni Tagiam reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Toni Tagiam}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Toni Tagiam/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 13:00, 24 April 2026 (UTC) :{{done|Globally blocked}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:37, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Kianpatterson53 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Kianpatterson53}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Kianpatterson53/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 11:06, 25 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}} by WikiBayer (GS); it's an LTA. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:41, 25 April 2026 (UTC) == Everythingis99 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Everythingis99}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Everythingis99/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:19, 25 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:38, 26 April 2026 (UTC) == Mirko Privitera reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Mirko Privitera}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/Mirko Privitera/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 06:57, 26 April 2026 (UTC) == Kevinsteinfeldt reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Kevinsteinfeldt}} Cross-wiki issues: Vandalism-only account <!-- USERREPORTED:/Kevinsteinfeldt/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 05:15, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Globally locked by Count Count. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:57, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 07:02, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Globally locked by M7. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:58, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Degroot1 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Degroot1}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Degroot1/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 10:47, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Page was already deleted, but the account is otherwise {{stale}}. Please re-report if they continue spamming. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:59, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Jalwagamesonline reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Jalwagamesonline}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Jalwagamesonline/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 22:30, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Page was already deleted, but the account is otherwise {{stale}}. Please re-report if they continue spamming. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:00, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == ~2026-26947-55 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|~2026-26947-55}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-26947-55/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:24, 3 May 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:00, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == No data in page linked to by Wikidata == The page, [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSSH/Third_Party_Utilities OpenSSH: Third Party Utilities] has no data and thus should not be linked to from [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139625509 Q139625509] How can the link be deleted? Thanks. [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 05:06, 4 May 2026 (UTC) :Same for Q139611668 and Q139611580. All three links should be deleted / removed as the destination pages in the en.wikibook do not have any data but instead normal prose. - [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 05:15, 4 May 2026 (UTC) == Glinemovers reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Glinemovers}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Glinemovers/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:08, 6 May 2026 (UTC) :{{done}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:37, 6 May 2026 (UTC) == Deftsoft51 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Deftsoft51}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Deftsoft51/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:09, 6 May 2026 (UTC) fqa7n25zetg03qf3n4vuy8sk9yyetr2 4634423 4634422 2026-05-06T12:37:24Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 /* Deftsoft51 reported by MathXplore */ Reply 4634423 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{shortcut|WB:AN|WB:AA}} {{TOC left}} {{User:MiszaBot/config |archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance/Archives/%(year)d/%(monthname)s |algo = old(14d) |counter = 1 |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 1 }} {{ombox|type=content|text='''To request a rename or usurpation''', go to the global request page at Meta [[meta:SRUC|here]].<br />''Please do not post those requests here!''}} {{Clear}} Welcome to the '''Administrative Assistance reading room'''. You can request assistance from [[WB:ADMIN|administrators]] for handling a variety of problems here and alert them about problems which may require special actions not normally used during regular content editing. Please be patient as administrators are often quite busy with either their own projects or trying to perform general maintenance and cleanup. You can deal with most vandalism yourself: [[Wikibooks:Dealing with vandalism|fix it]], then [[Wikibooks:Templates/User_notices|warn the user]]. If there is repeated vandalism by one user, lots of vandalism on a single page, or vandalism from many users, tell an admin here, or in [irc://irc.freenode.net/wikibooks #wikibooks] (say <code>!admin</code> to get attention). For more general questions and assistance that doesn't require an administrator, please use the [[WB:HELP|Assistance Reading Room]]. {{clear}} [[Category:Reading room]] == Jhon12345154321 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Jhon12345154321}} Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/311699]] <!-- USERREPORTED:/Jhon12345154321/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:23, 22 April 2026 (UTC) :{{done}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:21, 23 April 2026 (UTC) == Amuckgoads reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Amuckgoads}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Amuckgoads/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:25, 22 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. The account has been blocked indefinitely, and the talk page has been salted under autoconfirmed protection indefinitely. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:50, 22 April 2026 (UTC) == Adetoro muiz4 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Adetoro muiz4}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Adetoro muiz4/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:39, 24 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:45, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Owolabi Habeeb ola reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Owolabi Habeeb ola}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Owolabi Habeeb ola/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:39, 24 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:46, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Toni Tagiam reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Toni Tagiam}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Toni Tagiam/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 13:00, 24 April 2026 (UTC) :{{done|Globally blocked}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:37, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Kianpatterson53 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Kianpatterson53}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Kianpatterson53/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 11:06, 25 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}} by WikiBayer (GS); it's an LTA. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:41, 25 April 2026 (UTC) == Everythingis99 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Everythingis99}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Everythingis99/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:19, 25 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:38, 26 April 2026 (UTC) == Mirko Privitera reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Mirko Privitera}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/Mirko Privitera/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 06:57, 26 April 2026 (UTC) == Kevinsteinfeldt reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Kevinsteinfeldt}} Cross-wiki issues: Vandalism-only account <!-- USERREPORTED:/Kevinsteinfeldt/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 05:15, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Globally locked by Count Count. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:57, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 07:02, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Globally locked by M7. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:58, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Degroot1 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Degroot1}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Degroot1/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 10:47, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Page was already deleted, but the account is otherwise {{stale}}. Please re-report if they continue spamming. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:59, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Jalwagamesonline reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Jalwagamesonline}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Jalwagamesonline/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 22:30, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Page was already deleted, but the account is otherwise {{stale}}. Please re-report if they continue spamming. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:00, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == ~2026-26947-55 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|~2026-26947-55}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-26947-55/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:24, 3 May 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:00, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == No data in page linked to by Wikidata == The page, [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSSH/Third_Party_Utilities OpenSSH: Third Party Utilities] has no data and thus should not be linked to from [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139625509 Q139625509] How can the link be deleted? Thanks. [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 05:06, 4 May 2026 (UTC) :Same for Q139611668 and Q139611580. All three links should be deleted / removed as the destination pages in the en.wikibook do not have any data but instead normal prose. - [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 05:15, 4 May 2026 (UTC) == Glinemovers reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Glinemovers}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Glinemovers/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:08, 6 May 2026 (UTC) :{{done}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:37, 6 May 2026 (UTC) == Deftsoft51 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Deftsoft51}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Deftsoft51/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:09, 6 May 2026 (UTC) :{{done}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:37, 6 May 2026 (UTC) f4o5edsyr9vk3hzrsxbxyhd3i3f7oms 4634543 4634423 2026-05-07T08:10:24Z ArchiverBot 1227662 Bot: Archiving 2 threads (older than 14 days) to [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance/Archives/2026/April]] 4634543 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{shortcut|WB:AN|WB:AA}} {{TOC left}} {{User:MiszaBot/config |archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance/Archives/%(year)d/%(monthname)s |algo = old(14d) |counter = 1 |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 1 }} {{ombox|type=content|text='''To request a rename or usurpation''', go to the global request page at Meta [[meta:SRUC|here]].<br />''Please do not post those requests here!''}} {{Clear}} Welcome to the '''Administrative Assistance reading room'''. You can request assistance from [[WB:ADMIN|administrators]] for handling a variety of problems here and alert them about problems which may require special actions not normally used during regular content editing. Please be patient as administrators are often quite busy with either their own projects or trying to perform general maintenance and cleanup. You can deal with most vandalism yourself: [[Wikibooks:Dealing with vandalism|fix it]], then [[Wikibooks:Templates/User_notices|warn the user]]. If there is repeated vandalism by one user, lots of vandalism on a single page, or vandalism from many users, tell an admin here, or in [irc://irc.freenode.net/wikibooks #wikibooks] (say <code>!admin</code> to get attention). For more general questions and assistance that doesn't require an administrator, please use the [[WB:HELP|Assistance Reading Room]]. {{clear}} [[Category:Reading room]] == Adetoro muiz4 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Adetoro muiz4}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Adetoro muiz4/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:39, 24 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:45, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Owolabi Habeeb ola reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Owolabi Habeeb ola}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Owolabi Habeeb ola/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:39, 24 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:46, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Toni Tagiam reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Toni Tagiam}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Toni Tagiam/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 13:00, 24 April 2026 (UTC) :{{done|Globally blocked}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:37, 24 April 2026 (UTC) == Kianpatterson53 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Kianpatterson53}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Kianpatterson53/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 11:06, 25 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}} by WikiBayer (GS); it's an LTA. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:41, 25 April 2026 (UTC) == Everythingis99 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Everythingis99}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Everythingis99/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:19, 25 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:38, 26 April 2026 (UTC) == Mirko Privitera reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Mirko Privitera}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/Mirko Privitera/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 06:57, 26 April 2026 (UTC) == Kevinsteinfeldt reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Kevinsteinfeldt}} Cross-wiki issues: Vandalism-only account <!-- USERREPORTED:/Kevinsteinfeldt/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 05:15, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Globally locked by Count Count. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:57, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/Your username will be adjusted to "Mutesstud" due to technical restrictions/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 07:02, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Globally locked by M7. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:58, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Degroot1 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Degroot1}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Degroot1/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 10:47, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Page was already deleted, but the account is otherwise {{stale}}. Please re-report if they continue spamming. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:59, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == Jalwagamesonline reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Jalwagamesonline}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Jalwagamesonline/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 22:30, 28 April 2026 (UTC) : Page was already deleted, but the account is otherwise {{stale}}. Please re-report if they continue spamming. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:00, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == ~2026-26947-55 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|~2026-26947-55}} Vandalism <!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-26947-55/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:24, 3 May 2026 (UTC) : {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:00, 3 May 2026 (UTC) == No data in page linked to by Wikidata == The page, [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSSH/Third_Party_Utilities OpenSSH: Third Party Utilities] has no data and thus should not be linked to from [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139625509 Q139625509] How can the link be deleted? Thanks. [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 05:06, 4 May 2026 (UTC) :Same for Q139611668 and Q139611580. All three links should be deleted / removed as the destination pages in the en.wikibook do not have any data but instead normal prose. - [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 05:15, 4 May 2026 (UTC) == Glinemovers reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Glinemovers}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Glinemovers/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:08, 6 May 2026 (UTC) :{{done}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:37, 6 May 2026 (UTC) == Deftsoft51 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|Deftsoft51}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/Deftsoft51/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:09, 6 May 2026 (UTC) :{{done}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:37, 6 May 2026 (UTC) 6gwi47ffo2am63c1ndk3i3vcb3zfnxm 0 142013 4634596 4623661 2026-05-07T09:35:41Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634596 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}} It is the tenth digit that gives you the model year for GM. I've been working at a Chevy dealer for years running codes/vins. For example (my examples only apply to 2001-2015 gm vehicles) Remember 10th digit from the beginning, (left to right). 2001... 1, 2002...2, 2003...3, etc., 2009...9. After 2009, the tenth digit was given a letter 2010... A, 2011...B, 2012...C, 2013...D, 2014...E, 2015...F, Etc... We have another 20 years worth of letters. Thanks for reading. You can always check your model year by looking in your drivers side door jamb and it will give you model year. If it was assembled in July or later, the model year is probably a year later than the calendar year of the manufacturing date listed. ==American GM== ===American VIN format 1981-1984 Passenger Car=== GM's VIN format is as follows: <table border=1 style="margin:auto;"> <tr> <th>Position</th> <th>Sample</th><th></th><th></th><th>Description</th> </tr><tr> <td>1</td> <td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td rowspan=3>[[#GM WMIs|World Manufacturer Identifier]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>2</td> <td>G</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>3</td> <td>6</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>4</td> <td>A</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#American restraint types 1981-1984|Restraint type]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>5</td> <td>M</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Car Line & Series Code 1981-1984|Car Line & Series Code]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>6</td> <td>4</td><td></td><td></td><td rowspan=2>[[#Body style codes 1981-1986|Body style]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>7</td> <td>7</td><td></td><td></td><td> </td> </tr><tr> <td>8</td> <td>8</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#American engine codes 1981-|Engine type]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>9</td> <td>0</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit |Check digit]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>10</td> <td>E</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>11</td> <td>9</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#GM factories supplying North America|Factory ID]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>12</td> <td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td rowspan=6>Sequential number </tr><tr> <td>13</td> <td>2</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>14</td> <td>3</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>15</td> <td>7</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>16</td> <td>6</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>17</td> <td>2</td><td></td><td></td> </table> ====American restraint types 1981-1984==== The restraint type is specified as character four of the American GM VIN for passenger cars. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN Code !Description |- |A||Manual Seatbelts only - No Passive Restraint |} ====Car Line & Series Code 1981-1984==== The Car Line & Series Code is specified as character five of the American GM VIN for passenger cars. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !List of GM platforms !Car Line & <br> Series Code !:Category:General Motors vehicles|Model |- |rowspan=19|GM A platform - rear-wheel drive |T||Chevrolet Malibu 1981 |- |W||Chevrolet Malibu Classic 1981 |- |Z||Chevrolet Monte Carlo 1981 |- |D||Pontiac LeMans 1981 |- |F||Pontiac Grand LeMans 1981 |- |J||Pontiac Grand Prix 1981 |- |K||Pontiac Grand Prix LJ 1981 |- |P||Pontiac Grand Prix Brougham 1981 |- |G||Oldsmobile Cutlass sedan, Cutlass Cruiser wagon 1981 |- |H||Oldsmobile Cutlass Cruiser ''Brougham'' wagon 1981 |- |K||Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais coupe 1981 |- |M||Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme ''Brougham'' 1981 |- |R||Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme coupe, Cutlass LS sedan 1981 |- |E||Buick Century wagon 1981 |- |H||Buick Century sedan, Estate wagon 1981 |- |J||Buick Regal 1981 |- |K||Buick Regal ''Sport'' 1981 |- |L||Buick Century ''Limited'' 1981 |- |M||Buick Regal ''Limited'' 1981 |- |rowspan=10|GM A platform - front-wheel drive |W||Chevrolet Celebrity 1982-1984 |- |F||Pontiac 6000 1982-1984 |- |G||Pontiac 6000 ''LE'' 1982-1984 |- |H||Pontiac 6000 ''STE'' 1983-1984 |- |G||Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera 1982 |- |J||Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera ''LS'' 1982-1984, Cutlass Cruiser ''LS'' 1984 |- |M||Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera ''Brougham'' 1982-1984 |- |G||Buick Century ''T-Type'' 1983-1984 |- |H||Buick Century ''Custom'' 1982-1984 |- |L||Buick Century ''Limited'' 1982-1984 |- |rowspan=19|GM B platform |D||Chevrolet Bel Air 1981 (Canada only) |- |L||Chevrolet Impala 1981-1984 |- |N||Chevrolet Caprice Classic 1981-1984 |- |F||Pontiac Laurentian 1981 (Canada only) |- |L||Pontiac Catalina 1981, Parisienne 1984 |- |L||Pontiac Parisienne 1982-1983 (Canada only) |- |N||Pontiac Bonneville 1981 |- |N||Pontiac Parisienne 1981, Parisienne Brougham 1982-1983 (Canada only) |- |R||Pontiac Bonneville Brougham 1981 |- |T||Pontiac Parisienne Brougham 1984 |- |L||Oldsmobile Delta 88 1981-1983 |- |N||Oldsmobile Delta 88 Royale 1981-1984 |- |P||Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser 1981-1984 |- |V||Oldsmobile Delta 88 Royale Brougham LS 1984 |- |Y||Oldsmobile Delta 88 Royale Brougham 1981-1984 |- |N||Buick Le Sabre 1981, Le Sabre ''Custom'' 1982-1984 |- |P||Buick Le Sabre ''Limited'' 1981-1984 |- |R||Buick Le Sabre Estate Wagon 1981-1983 |- |V||Buick Electra Estate Wagon 1981-1984 |- |rowspan=13|GM C platform - rear-wheel drive |G||Oldsmobile 98 Regency 1984 |- |H||Oldsmobile 98 Regency Brougham 1984 |- |V||Oldsmobile 98 Luxury 1981 |- |W||Oldsmobile 98 Regency Brougham 1982-1983 |- |X||Oldsmobile 98 Regency 1981-1983 |- |R||Buick Electra Limited 1984 |- |U||Buick Electra Park Avenue 1984 |- |W||Buick Electra Park Avenue 1981-1983 |- |X||Buick Electra Limited 1981-1983 |- |B||Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham 1981-1983 |- |D||Cadillac DeVille 1981-1983 |- |M||Cadillac DeVille 1984 |- |W||Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham 1984 |- |rowspan=1|GM D platform - rear-wheel drive |F||Cadillac Fleetwood Limousine 1981-1984 |- |rowspan=4|GM E platform |Z||Oldsmobile Toronado Brougham 1981-1984 |- |Y||Buick Riviera T-Type 1981-1984 |- |Z||Buick Riviera 1981-1984 |- |L||Cadillac Eldorado 1981-1984 |- |rowspan=7|GM F platform |P||Chevrolet Camaro Sport Coupe 1981-1984 |- |S||Chevrolet Camaro Berlinetta 1981-1984 |- |S||Pontiac Firebird 1981-1984 |- |T||Pontiac Firebird ''Esprit'' 1981 |- |V||Pontiac Firebird ''Formula'' 1981 |- |W||Pontiac Firebird ''Trans Am'' 1981-1984 |- |X||Pontiac Firebird ''Trans Am'' Turbo Special Edition 1981, Firebird ''S/E'' 1982-1984 |- |rowspan=15|GM G platform - rear-wheel drive |W||Chevrolet Malibu Classic 1982, Malibu 1983 |- |Z||Chevrolet Monte Carlo 1982-1984 |- |J||Pontiac Grand Prix 1982-1984 |- |K||Pontiac Grand Prix LJ 1982-1983, Grand Prix LE 1984 |- |N||Pontiac Bonneville G 1982-1984 |- |P||Pontiac Grand Prix Brougham 1982-1984 |- |R||Pontiac Bonneville G Brougham 1982-1984 |- |S||Pontiac Bonneville G ''LE'' 1984 |- |H||Oldsmobile Cutlass Cruiser wagon 1982-1983 |- |K||Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais coupe 1982-1984 |- |M||Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme ''Brougham'' 1982-1984 |- |R||Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme coupe & sedan 1982-1984 |- |J||Buick Regal 1982-1984 |- |K||Buick Regal ''Sport'' 1982, Regal ''T-Type'' 1983-1984 |- |M||Buick Regal ''Limited'' 1982-1984 |- |rowspan=13|GM J platform |C||Chevrolet Cavalier 1983-1984 |- |D||Chevrolet Cavalier 2-d/4-d/wagon 1982, Cavalier CS 1983-1984 |- |E||Chevrolet Cavalier 3-door hatchback 1982, Cavalier CS 3-door hatchback 1983, Cavalier Type 10 2-d/3-d/Convertible 1984 |- |B||Pontiac J2000 1982, 2000 1983, 2000 Sunbird 1984 |- |C||Pontiac J2000 LE 1982, 2000 LE 1983, 2000 Sunbird LE Convertible 1983, 2000 Sunbird LE 1984 |- |D||Pontiac J2000 SE 1982, 2000 SE 1983, 2000 Sunbird SE 1984 |- |E||Pontiac J2000 S 1982 |- |C||Oldsmobile Firenza Base model 1982-1984, Firenza S 1982-1984 |- |D||Oldsmobile Firenza LX 1982-1984, Firenza SX 1982-1984 |- |E||Buick Skyhawk T-Type 1983-1984 |- |S||Buick Skyhawk Custom 1982-1984 |- |T||Buick Skyhawk Limited 1982-1984 |- |G||Cadillac Cimarron 1982-1984 |- |rowspan=1|GM K platform |S||Cadillac Seville 1981-1984 |- |rowspan=3|GM P platform ||E||Pontiac Fiero ''Coupe'' 1984 |- ||F||Pontiac Fiero ''SE'' 1984 |- ||M||Pontiac Fiero ''Sport coupe'' 1984 |- |rowspan=6|GM T platform - rear-wheel drive |B||Chevrolet Chevette 1981-1983, Chevette CS 1984 |- |J||Chevrolet Chevette Scooter 1981-1983, Chevette 1984 |- |B||Pontiac Acadian 1981-1984 (Canada only) |- |J||Pontiac Acadian S 1981-1982, Pontiac Acadian Scooter 1983-1984 (Canada only) |- |L||Pontiac T1000 1982, 1000 1983-1984 |- |M||Pontiac T1000 1981 |- |rowspan=10|GM X platform |H||Chevrolet Citation 2-door coupe 1982-1983, Citation II 2-door coupe 1984 |- |X||Chevrolet Citation hatchback 1981-1983, Citation II hatchback 1984 |- |T||Pontiac Phoenix SJ 1982-1983, Phoenix SE 1984 |- |Y||Pontiac Phoenix 1981-1984 |- |Z||Pontiac Phoenix LJ 1981-1983, Phoenix LE 1984 |- |B||Oldsmobile Omega 1981-1984 |- |E||Oldsmobile Omega Brougham 1981-1984 |- |B||Buick Skylark 1981-1982, Skylark Custom 1983-1984 |- |C||Buick Skylark Limited 1981-1984 |- |D||Buick Skylark Sport 1981-1982, Skylark T-Type 1983-1984 |- |rowspan=1|GM Y platform |Y||Chevrolet Corvette 1981-1982, 1984 |} ===American VIN format 1985-1986 Passenger Car=== GM has traditionally encoded the platform as the fourth character of the VIN. Other content includes an engine code and manufacturing plant. GM's VIN format is as follows: <table border=1 style="margin:auto;"> <tr> <th>Position</th> <th>Sample</th><th></th><th></th><th>Description</th> </tr><tr> <td>1</td> <td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td rowspan=3>[[#GM WMIs|World Manufacturer Identifier]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>2</td> <td>G</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>3</td> <td>6</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>4</td> <td>D</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Platform & Series Codes 1985- Passenger Car|Platform]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>5</td> <td>W</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Platform & Series Codes 1985- Passenger Car|Series Code]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>6</td> <td>6</td><td></td><td></td><td rowspan=2>[[#Body style codes 1981-1986|Body style]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>7</td> <td>9</td><td></td><td></td><td> </td> </tr><tr> <td>8</td> <td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#American engine codes 1981-|Engine type]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>9</td> <td>0</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit |Check digit]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>10</td> <td>G</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>11</td> <td>9</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#GM factories supplying North America|Factory ID]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>12</td> <td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td rowspan=6>Sequential number </tr><tr> <td>13</td> <td>2</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>14</td> <td>3</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>15</td> <td>7</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>16</td> <td>6</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>17</td> <td>2</td><td></td><td></td> </table> ====Body style codes 1981-1986==== The Body type is specified as characters six and seven of the American GM VIN for passenger cars from 1981-1986. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN !Description |- |11,27,37,47,57,97||Two-Door Coupe/Sedan |- |07,08,77,87||Two-Door Hatchback |- |67||Two-Door Convertible |- |19,69||Four-Door Sedan |- |68||Four-Door Hatchback |- |23||Four-Door Limousine, 8-passenger ("Limousine") |- |33||Four-Door Limousine w/Center Partition, 7-passenger ("Formal Limousine") |- |35||Four-Door Station Wagon |} ===American VIN format 1987- Passenger Car=== GM has traditionally encoded the platform as the fourth character of the VIN. Other content includes an engine code and manufacturing plant. GM's VIN format is as follows: <table border=1 style="margin:auto;"> <tr> <th>Position</th> <th>Sample</th><th></th><th></th><th>Description</th> </tr><tr> <td>1</td> <td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td rowspan=3>[[#GM WMIs|World Manufacturer Identifier]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>2</td> <td>G</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>3</td> <td>6</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>4</td> <td>D</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Platform & Series Codes 1985- Passenger Car|Platform]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>5</td> <td>M</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Platform & Series Codes 1985- Passenger Car|Series Code]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>6</td> <td>5</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Body style codes 1987- Passenger Car|Body style]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>7</td> <td>7</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#American restraint types 1987-|Restraint type]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>8</td> <td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#American engine codes 1981-|Engine type]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>9</td> <td>0</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit |Check digit]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>10</td> <td>3</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>11</td> <td>0</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#GM factories supplying North America|Factory ID]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>12</td> <td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td rowspan=6>Sequential number </tr><tr> <td>13</td> <td>2</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>14</td> <td>3</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>15</td> <td>7</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>16</td> <td>6</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>17</td> <td>2</td><td></td><td></td> </table> ===American VIN format 1981-2009 Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle=== GM's VIN format is as follows: <table border=1 style="margin:auto;"> <tr> <th>Position</th> <th>Sample</th><th></th><th></th><th>Description</th> </tr><tr> <td>1</td> <td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td rowspan=3>[[#GM WMIs|World Manufacturer Identifier]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>2</td> <td>G</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>3</td> <td>K</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>4</td> <td>E</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#GVWR/Brake System 1981-2009 Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle|GVWR/Brake System]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>5</td> <td>K</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Line & Chassis Type 1981-1999 Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle|Line & Chassis Type for 1981-1999]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>5</td> <td>K</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Line & Chassis Type 2000-2009 Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle|Line & Chassis Type for 2000-2009]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>6</td> <td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Series 1981-1999 Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle|Series]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>7</td> <td>8</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Body style codes 1981-2009 Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle|Body type]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>8</td> <td>K</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Engine codes for light trucks|Engine type]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>9</td> <td>0</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit |Check digit]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>10</td> <td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>11</td> <td>J</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#GM factories supplying North America|Factory ID]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>12</td> <td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td rowspan=6>Sequential number </tr><tr> <td>13</td> <td>2</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>14</td> <td>3</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>15</td> <td>7</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>16</td> <td>6</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>17</td> <td>2</td><td></td><td></td> </table> ====GVWR/Brake System 1981-2009 Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle==== The GVWR/Brake System is specified as character four of the American GM VIN for light trucks. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN !GVWR Range in lbs. & Weight Class !Brake System |- |A||Class A: 0-3,000||Hydraulic |- |B||Class B: 3,001-4,000||Hydraulic |- |C||Class C: 4,001-5,000||Hydraulic |- |D||Class D: 5,001-6,000||Hydraulic |- |E||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic |- |F||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic |- |G||Class G: 8,001-9,000||Hydraulic |- |H||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic |- |J||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic |- |K||Class 4: 14,001-16,000||Hydraulic |- |L||Class 5: 16,001-19,500||Hydraulic |} ====Line & Chassis Type 1981-1999 Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle==== The Line & Chassis Type is specified as character five of the American GM VIN for light trucks. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN !Description |- |B||Special Body Buick, Chevrolet |- |C||Chevy full-size pickups & chassis cabs 2wd (C-series) '81-'86, '88-'99,<br /> GMC full-size pickups & chassis cabs 2wd (C-series) '81-'86, Sierra 2wd (C-series) '88-'99 |- |C||Chevy C10 Blazer 2wd ('81-'82), Tahoe 4-door 2wd ('95-'99), Suburban 2wd ('81-'86, '92-'99),<br /> GMC C1500 Jimmy 2wd ('81-'82), Yukon 4-door 2wd ('95-'99), Suburban 2wd ('81-'86, '92-'99) |- |D||Military Truck 4wd |- |E||'91-'97 Geo Tracker 2wd, '98-'99 Chevrolet Tracker 2wd |- |E||'97-'98 Chevy S-10 EV |- |G||Chevy/GMC full-size vans (Chevy Van, Sportvan, Express, GMC Vandura, Rally Van, Savana) |- |H||'93-'96 Chevy G30HD/GMC G3500HD cutaway van |- |H||Cadillac chassis cutaway/special body (Based on Rwd Fleetwood '93-'96, Fwd DeVille '97-'99) |- |J||'89-'97 Geo Tracker 4wd, '98-'99 Chevrolet Tracker 4wd |- |K||Chevy full-size pickups & chassis cabs 4wd (K-series) '81-'86, '88-'99,<br /> GMC full-size pickups & chassis cabs 4wd (K-series) '81-'86, Sierra 4wd (K-series) '88-'99 |- |K||Chevy K10/K5 Blazer 4wd ('81-'86, '92-'94), Tahoe 4wd ('95-'99), Suburban 4wd ('81-'86, '92-'99),<br /> GMC K1500 Jimmy 4wd ('81-'86), Yukon 4wd ('92-'99), Suburban 4wd ('81-'86, '92-'99), '99 Cadillac Escalade 4wd |- |L||Chevy Luv 2wd '81-'82 |- |L||Chevy Astro/GMC Safari 4wd '90-'99 |- |M||Chevy Astro/GMC Safari 2wd '85-'99 |- |P||Forward Control (includes Chevrolet Step-Van/GMC Value-Van, Chevy/GMC P-Series) |- |R||Chevy Luv 4wd '81-'82 |- |R||Chevy full-size pickups & chassis cabs 2wd (R-series), Suburban 2wd '87-'91,<br /> GMC full-size pickups & chassis cabs 2wd (R-series), Suburban 2wd '87-'91 |- |S||Chevy S-10 2wd ('82-'99), S-10 Blazer 2wd ('83-'94), Blazer 2wd ('95-'99), GMC S-15 2wd ('82-'90), Sonoma 2wd ('91-'99),<br> S-15 Jimmy 2wd ('83-'91), Jimmy 2wd ('92-'99), Isuzu Hombre 2wd ('96-'99) |- |T||Chevy S-10 4wd ('83-'99), S-10 Blazer 4wd ('83-'94), Blazer 4wd ('95-'99), GMC S-15 4wd ('83-'90), Sonoma 4wd ('91-'99), Syclone 4wd ('91),<br> S-15 Jimmy 4wd ('83-'91), Jimmy 4wd ('92-'99), Typhoon 4wd ('92-93), Envoy 4wd ('98-'99), Oldsmobile Bravada 4wd ('91-'94, '96-'99),<br> Isuzu Hombre 4wd ('98-'99) |- |U||Regular length All-Purpose Vehicle ('90-'99 U-body fwd minivans) |- |V||Chevy full-size pickups & chassis cabs 4wd (V-series), V10/V1500 Blazer 4wd, Suburban 4wd '87-'91,<br /> GMC full-size pickups & chassis cabs 4wd (V-series), V1500 Jimmy 4wd, Suburban 4wd '87-'91 |- |W||'81-'87 Chevy El Camino, GMC Caballero |- |X||Extended length All-Purpose Vehicle ('97-'99 U-body fwd extended length minivans) |- |Z||Cadillac chassis cutaway/special body (Based on Rwd Fleetwood '81-'84, Fwd Fleetwood '85-'92) |} ====Line & Chassis Type 2000-2009 Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle==== The Line & Chassis Type is specified as character five of the American GM VIN for light trucks. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN !Description |- |A||Pontiac Aztek 2wd '01-'05, Buick Rendezvous 2wd '02-'07 |- |A||Chevrolet HHR '06-'09, HHR Panel '07-'09 |- |B||Pontiac Aztek Awd '01-'05, Buick Rendezvous Awd '02-'06 |- |C||Chevy full-size pickups & chassis cabs 2wd (C-series) '00, full-size chassis cabs 2wd (C3500HD) '01-'02, Silverado 2wd '00-'09, Silverado Classic 2wd '07,<br /> GMC Sierra 2wd (C-series) '00-'09, Sierra Classic 2wd '00, '07 |- |C||Chevy Tahoe 2wd ('00-'09), Suburban 2wd ('00-'09), Avalanche 2wd ('02-'09),<br /> GMC Yukon 2wd ('00-'09), Yukon XL 2wd ('00-'09), Cadillac Escalade 2wd ('02-'09), Escalade ESV 2wd ('08-'09) |- |E||Chevrolet Tracker 2wd '00-'04 |- |E||Cadillac SRX 2wd & Awd '04-'09 |- |G||Chevy/GMC full-size vans 2wd (Chevy Express, GMC Savana) '00-09 |- |H||Chevy/GMC full-size vans 4wd (Chevy Express, GMC Savana) '03-09 |- |H||Cadillac Commercial Chassis for Hearse (Based on Fwd DeVille '02-'05, DTS '06-'09) |- |H||Cadillac Professional Chassis for Limousine (Based on Fwd DeVille '00-'05, DTS '06-'07) |- |J||Chevrolet Tracker 4wd '00-'04 |- |K||Chevy full-size pickups & chassis cabs 4wd (K-series) '00, Silverado 4wd '00-'09, Silverado Classic 4wd '07,<br /> GMC Sierra 4wd (K-series) '00-'09, Sierra Classic 4wd '00, '07 |- |K||Chevy Tahoe 4wd ('00-'09), Suburban 4wd ('00-'09), Avalanche 4wd ('02-'09), GMC Yukon 4wd ('00-'09), Yukon XL 4wd ('00-'09),<br> Cadillac Escalade 4wd ('00, '02-'09), Escalade ESV 4wd ('03-'09), Escalade EXT 4wd ('02-'09) |- |K||Cadillac Professional Chassis for Limousine (Based on Fwd DTS '08-'09) |- |L||Chevy Astro/GMC Safari 4wd '00-'05 |- |L||Chevy Equinox 2wd & Awd '05-'09, Pontiac Torrent 2wd & Awd '06-'09, Saturn Vue 2wd & Awd '08-'09 |- |M||Chevy Astro/GMC Safari 2wd '00-'05 |- |N||Hummer H2 '03-'09, H2 SUT '05-'09 |- |N||Hummer H3 '06-'09, H3T '09 |- |R||GMC Acadia 2wd, Saturn Outlook 2wd '07-'09, Buick Enclave 2wd '08-'09, Chevy Traverse 2wd '09 |- |S||Chevy S-10 2wd ('00-'03), Blazer 2wd ('00-'05), GMC Sonoma 2wd ('00-'03), Jimmy 2wd ('00-'01), Isuzu Hombre 2wd ('00) |- |S||Chevy Trailblazer 2wd ('02-'09), SSR ('03-'06), GMC Envoy 2wd ('02-'09), Envoy XUV 2wd ('04-'05), Oldsmobile Bravada 2wd ('02-'04),<br> Buick Rainier 2wd ('04-'07), Isuzu Ascender 2wd ('03-'08) |- |S||Chevy Colorado 2wd ('04-'09), GMC Canyon 2wd ('04-'09), Isuzu i-series 2wd ('06-'08) |- |T||Chevy S-10 4wd ('00-'04), Blazer 4wd ('00-'05), GMC Sonoma 4wd ('00-'04), Jimmy 4wd ('00-'01, Canada only: '02-'05), Envoy 4wd ('00),<br> Oldsmobile Bravada 4wd ('00-'01), Isuzu Hombre 4wd ('00) |- |T||Chevy Trailblazer 4wd ('02-'09), GMC Envoy 4wd ('02-'09), Envoy XUV 2wd ('04-'05), Oldsmobile Bravada 4wd ('02-'04), Buick Rainier 4wd ('04-'07),<br> Isuzu Ascender 4wd ('03-'08), Saab 9-7X 4wd ('05-'09) |- |T||Chevy Colorado 4wd ('04-'09), GMC Canyon 4wd ('04-'09), Isuzu i-series 4wd ('06-'08) |- |U||Regular length All-Purpose Vehicle [Minivan] ('00-'04 Chevy Venture, Pontiac Montana) |- |U||Regular length All-Purpose Vehicle [Minivan] (Chevy Uplander [US: '06-'08, Canada only: '05-'09], Pontiac Montana SV6 [Canada only: '05-'09]) |- |V||Extended length AWD All-Purpose Vehicle [Minivan] ('02-'04 Chevy Venture, Pontiac Montana, Oldsmobile Silhouette Extended length AWD) |- |V||Extended length FWD All-Purpose Vehicle [Minivan] ('05 Chevy Venture, Pontiac Montana Extended length FWD) |- |V||Extended length FWD All-Purpose Vehicle [Minivan] (Chevy Uplander ['05-'08, Canada only: '09], Pontiac Montana SV6 ['05-'06, Canada only: '07-'09],<br> Buick Terraza ['05-'07], Saturn Relay ['05-'07]) |- |V||GMC Acadia Awd, Saturn Outlook Awd '07-'09, Buick Enclave Awd '08-'09, Chevy Traverse Awd '09 |- |X||Extended length FWD All-Purpose Vehicle [Minivan] ('00-'04 Chevy Venture, Pontiac Montana, Oldsmobile Silhouette Extended length FWD) |- |X||Extended length AWD All-Purpose Vehicle [Minivan] ('05-'06 Chevy Uplander AWD, Pontiac Montana SV6 AWD, Buick Terraza AWD, Saturn Relay AWD) |- |Z||Saturn Vue 2wd & Awd '02-'07 |} ====Series 1981-1999 Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle==== The Series is specified as character six of the American GM VIN for light trucks. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN !Description |- |1||1/2 Ton |- |2||3/4 Ton |- |3||1 Ton |- |8||1/2 Ton ('81-'87 El Camino, Caballero) |- |9||Cadillac, Buick, Chevrolet Commercial Body/Chassis |- |0||All-Purpose Vehicle ('90-'99 U-body fwd minivans) |} ====Body style codes 1981-2009 Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle==== The Body type is specified as character seven of the American GM VIN for light trucks. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN !Description |- |0||Sedan Pickup/Pickup Delivery ('81-'87 El Camino, Caballero) |- |0||Cadillac, Buick, Chevrolet Commercial Body/Chassis |- |0||Chassis Only |- |1||Cutaway Van |- |2||Forward Control ('81-'03) (includes '93-'95 Chevy G30HD/GMC G3500HD) |- |2||Sport Utility Truck (SUT) ('04-'09 Avalanche & Escalade EXT, '04-'05 Envoy XUV, '05-'09 Hummer H2 SUT) |- |3||Four-Door Cab pickup (Crew Cab) |- |3||4-door Passenger Minivan ('97-'09 U-bodies) |- |3||4-door SUV or MPV ('06-'09 HHR) (also includes '02-'03 Avalanche & Escalade EXT) |- |4||Two-Door Cab pickup (includes '83-'87 S-10/S-15 extended cab pickups & '03-'06 Chevy SSR) |- |5||Van (Astro/Safari & full-size vans & '07-'09 HHR Panel) |- |6||Extended length 4-door SUV (Suburban, Yukon XL, Escalade ESV, Trailblazer EXT, Envoy XL, Isuzu Ascender 7-psgr.) |- |6||3-door Passenger Minivan ('90-'99 U-bodies) |- |7||Motor Home Chassis ('81-'09) |- |8||Two-Door SUV (Utility) (2-d Tracker, S-10 Blazer, S-15 Jimmy, Blazer, Jimmy, Tahoe, Yukon) |- |9||Stake (81-87) |- |9||Extended Cab pickup ('88-) |- |9||Extended length van ('90-) (Astro/Safari & full-size vans) |} ===American VIN format 2010- Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle=== GM's VIN format is as follows: <table border=1 style="margin:auto;"> <tr> <th>Position</th> <th>Sample</th><th></th><th></th><th>Description</th> </tr><tr> <td>1</td> <td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td rowspan=3>[[#GM WMIs|World Manufacturer Identifier]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>2</td> <td>G</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>3</td> <td>K</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>4</td> <td>L</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#GVWR/Brake System/Body Style 2010- Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle|GVWR/Brake System/Body Style 2010-]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>5</td> <td>R</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Line & Chassis Type 2010- Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle|Line & Chassis Type for 2010-]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>6</td> <td>L</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[Series]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>7</td> <td>E</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Restraint codes for light trucks 2010-|Restraint type]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>8</td> <td>D</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#Engine codes for light trucks|Engine type]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>9</td> <td>0</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit |Check digit]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>10</td> <td>A</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>11</td> <td>J</td><td></td><td></td><td>[[#GM factories supplying North America|Factory ID]]</td> </tr><tr> <td>12</td> <td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td rowspan=6>Sequential number </tr><tr> <td>13</td> <td>2</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>14</td> <td>3</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>15</td> <td>7</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>16</td> <td>6</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr> <td>17</td> <td>2</td><td></td><td></td> </table> ====GVWR/Brake System/Body Style 2010- Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle==== The GVWR/Brake System is specified as character four of the American GM VIN for light trucks. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN !GVWR Range in lbs. & Weight Class !Brake System !Body Style |- | ||Class A: 0-3,000||Hydraulic|| |- | ||Class B: 3,001-4,000||Hydraulic|| |- |A||Class C: 4,001-5,000||Hydraulic||26: 4-door SUV or MPV ('10-'11 Chevy HHR Panel, '10-'26 Chevy Equinox, GMC Terrain, '10 Saturn Vue,<br> '12-'15 Chevy Captiva Sport, '19-'24 Cadillac XT4, '24-'26 Buick Encore GX) |- |B||Class C: 4,001-5,000||Hydraulic||46: 4-door MPV ('10-'11 Chevy HHR) |- |J||Class C: 4,001-5,000||Hydraulic||48: 4-door, 4 window Hatchback ('18-'23 Chevy Bolt EV w/Rear Seat Delete pkg. - incomplete vehicle) |- |C||Class C: 4,001-5,000||Hydraulic||03: Regular Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10-'12 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon) |- |D||Class C: 4,001-5,000||Hydraulic||43: Crew Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10-'12 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon) |- |E||Class C: 4,001-5,000||Hydraulic||53: Extended Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10-'12 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon) |- |7||Class C: 4,001-5,000||Hydraulic||75: Four-Door Wagon - High Roof Monocab (Canada only: '12-'14 Chevy Orlando) |- |M||Class C: 4,001-5,000||Hydraulic||06: 4-door SUV ('20-'23 Buick Encore GX) |- |9||Class C: 4,001-5,000||Hydraulic||56: 4-door SUV Extended ('21-'26 Chevy Trailblazer) |- |7||Class C: 4,001-5,000||Hydraulic||58: 4-door Utility Extended ('24-'26 Chevy Trax, Buick Envista) |- |C||Class C: 4,001-5,000||Hydraulic||76: 4-door SUV ('13-'22 Buick Encore, Canada only: '13-'14 Chevy Trax, US & Canada: '15-'22 Chevy Trax) |- |F||Class D: 5,001-6,000||Hydraulic||26: 4-door SUV ('10-'17 Chevy Equinox, GMC Terrain, '10 Saturn Vue, '10-'16 Cadillac SRX, '11 Saab 9-4X,<br> '12-'13 Chevy Captiva Sport, '16-'26 Buick Envision, '17 Cadillac XT5, '19-'25 Cadillac XT4) |- |H||Class D: 5,001-6,000||Hydraulic||03: Regular Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon) |- |G||Class D: 5,001-6,000||Hydraulic||03: Regular Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'12 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon) |- |J||Class D: 5,001-6,000||Hydraulic||43: Crew Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon) |- |H||Class D: 5,001-6,000||Hydraulic||43: Crew Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'12 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon) |- |G||Class D: 5,001-6,000||Hydraulic||43: Crew Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('15-'24 Chevy Colorado, '15-'22 GMC Canyon) |- |K||Class D: 5,001-6,000||Hydraulic||53: Extended Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon) |- |J||Class D: 5,001-6,000||Hydraulic||53: Extended Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'12 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon) |- |H||Class D: 5,001-6,000||Hydraulic||53: Extended Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('15-'22 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon) |- |T||Class D: 5,001-6,000||Hydraulic||69: Commercial Chassis ('10 Cadillac DTS chassis for Limo/Hearse) |- |7||Class D: 5,001-6,000||Hydraulic||69: Commercial Chassis ('11 Cadillac DTS chassis for Limo/Hearse) |- |L||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||26: 4-door SUV ('10 Chevy Traverse, GMC Acadia, Buick Enclave, Saturn Outlook) |- |K||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||26: 4-door SUV ('11-'17 Chevy Traverse, Buick Enclave, '11-'23 GMC Acadia, '17 Acadia Limited,<br> '17-'26 Cadillac XT5, '19-'26 Chevy Blazer, '20-'25 Cadillac XT6, '23-'26 Cadillac Lyriq EV,<br> '24-'26 Chevy Blazer EV, '25-'26 Cadillac Optiq EV, '24-'26 Honda Prologue EV, '24 Acura ZDX EV A-Spec) |- |7||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||48: 4-door SUV ('24-'25 Chevy Equinox EV) |- |E||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||56: 4-door SUV Extended ('18-'26 Chevy Traverse, Buick Enclave, '24 Chevy Traverse Limited,<br> '24-'26 GMC Acadia |- |M||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||05: Cargo Van ('10 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |L||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||05: Cargo Van ('11-'14 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |M||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||06: 4-door SUV ('10 Chevy Tahoe, GMC Yukon, Hummer H3) |- |L||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||06: 4-door SUV ('11-'20 Chevy Tahoe Police Pursuit Vehicle 2wd) |- |N||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||36: Sport Utility Truck (SUT) ('10 Chevy Avalanche 2wd) |- |M||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||36: Sport Utility Truck (SUT) ('11-13 Chevy Avalanche 2wd) |- |P||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||03: Regular Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |N||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||03: Regular Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'26 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra,<br> '22 Chevy Silverado LTD, GMC Sierra Limited) |- |R||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||43: Crew Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra, Hummer H3T) |- |P||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||43: Crew Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'26 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra,<br> '22 Chevy Silverado LTD, GMC Sierra Limited, '16-'26 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon) |- |S||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||53: Extended Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |R||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||53: Extended Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'26 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra,<br> '19 Chevy Silverado LD, GMC Sierra Limited, '22 Chevy Silverado LTD, GMC Sierra Limited,<br> '16-'22 Chevy Colorado) |- |G||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||69: Commercial Chassis ('10 Cadillac DTS chassis for Limo/Hearse) |- |8||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||69: Commercial Chassis ('11 Cadillac DTS chassis for Limo/Hearse) |- |X||Class E: 6,001-7,000||Hydraulic||69: Commercial Chassis ('13-'19 Cadillac XTS chassis for Limo/Hearse) |- |U||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||05: Cargo Van or Incomplete Vehicle ('10 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |S||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||05: Cargo Van or Incomplete Vehicle ('11-'14 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |U||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||06: Passenger Van ('10 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |S||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||06: Passenger Van ('11-'14 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |U||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||06: 4-door SUV ('10 Chevy Tahoe, Suburban 1500, GMC Yukon, Yukon XL 1500, Cadillac Escalade, Escalade ESV) |- |S||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||06: 4-door SUV ('11-'26 Chevy Tahoe, Suburban 1500, GMC Yukon, Yukon XL 1500, Cadillac Escalade, Escalade ESV) |- |V||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||36: Sport Utility Truck (SUT) ('10 Chevy Avalanche 4wd, Cadillac Escalade EXT 4wd) |- |T||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||36: Sport Utility Truck (SUT) ('11-'13 Chevy Avalanche 4wd, Cadillac Escalade EXT 4wd) |- |X||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||26: 4-door SUV ('24 Acura ZDX EV Type S) |- |C||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||56: 4-door SUV Extended ('26- Cadillac Vistiq EV) |- |W||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||03: Regular Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |X||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||43: Crew Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |U||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||43: Crew Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'26 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra,<br> '22 Chevy Silverado LTD, GMC Sierra Limited) |- |Y||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||53: Extended Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |V||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||53: Extended Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'26 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra,<br> '19 Chevy Silverado LD, GMC Sierra Limited, '22 Chevy Silverado LTD, GMC Sierra Limited) |- |U||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||69: Commercial Chassis ('10 Cadillac DTS chassis for Limo/Hearse) |- |9||Class F: 7,001-8,000||Hydraulic||69: Commercial Chassis ('11 Cadillac DTS chassis for Limo/Hearse) |- |Z||Class G: 8,001-9,000||Hydraulic||05: Cargo Van or Incomplete Vehicle ('10 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |W||Class G: 8,001-9,000||Hydraulic||05: Cargo Van or Incomplete Vehicle ('11-'26 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |Z||Class G: 8,001-9,000||Hydraulic||06: Passenger Van ('10 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |W||Class G: 8,001-9,000||Hydraulic||06: Passenger Van ('11-'26 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |Z||Class G: 8,001-9,000||Hydraulic||06: 4-door SUV ('10 Chevy Suburban 2500, GMC Yukon XL 2500) |- |W||Class G: 8,001-9,000||Hydraulic||06: 4-door SUV ('11-'13 Chevy Suburban 2500, GMC Yukon XL 2500) |- |2||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||05: Cargo Van or Incomplete Vehicle ('10 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |Z||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||05: Cargo Van or Incomplete Vehicle ('11-'26 Chevy Express, GMC Savana,<br> '23-'24 BrightDrop Zevo 600, '24 BrightDrop Zevo 400, '25 Chevrolet BrightDrop 400/600) |- |2||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||06: Passenger Van ('10 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |Z||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||06: Passenger Van ('11-'26 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |3||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||03: Van Cutaway ('10 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |0||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||03: Van Cutaway ('11-'26 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |3||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||03: Regular Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |0||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||03: Regular Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'26 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |4||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||43: Crew Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |1||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||43: Crew Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'26 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra,<br> '24-'25 GMC Hummer EV pickup w/20 module battery pack,<br> '24-'26 Chevy Silverado EV, '25-'26 GMC Sierra EV) |- |5||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||53: Extended Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |2||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||53: Extended Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'13, '15-'26 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |B||Class H: 9,001-10,000||Hydraulic||26: 4-door SUV ('24-'25 GMC Hummer EV SUV) |- |6||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic||03: Van Cutaway ('10 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |3||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic||03: Van Cutaway ('11-'26 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |6||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic||03: Regular Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |3||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic||03: Regular Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'26 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |7||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic||43: Crew Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |4||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic||43: Crew Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'26 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra,<br> '22-'24 GMC Hummer EV pickup w/24 module battery pack, '25 GMC Hummer EV pickup w/20 or 24 module battery pack, '26 GMC Hummer EV pickup, '24-'25 Chevy Silverado EV, GMC Sierra EV) |- |8||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic||53: Extended Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('10 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |5||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic||53: Extended Cab pickup or Chassis Cab ('11-'13, '15-'18, '20-'26 Chevy Silverado, GMC Sierra) |- |8||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic||06: 4-door SUV ('16-'19, '24-'26 Chevy Suburban 3500HD) |- |8||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic||05: Cargo Van ('22 BrightDrop EV600, '23-'24 BrightDrop Zevo 600, '24 BrightDrop Zevo 400,<br> '25 Chevrolet BrightDrop 400/600) |- |T||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic||26: 4-door SUV ('25-'26 GMC Hummer EV SUV, '25-'26 Cadillac Escalade IQ [EV]) |- |L||Class 3: 10,001-14,000||Hydraulic||56: 4-door SUV Extended ('26- Cadillac Escalade IQL [EV]) |- |9||Class 4: 14,001-16,000||Hydraulic||03: Van Cutaway ('10 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- |6||Class 4: 14,001-16,000||Hydraulic||03: Van Cutaway ('11-'26 Chevy Express, GMC Savana) |- | ||Class 5: 16,001-19,500||Hydraulic|| |} ====Line & Chassis Type 2010- Light Duty Truck & Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle==== The Line & Chassis Type is specified as character five of the American GM VIN for light trucks. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN !Description |- |A||Chevrolet HHR ('10-'11), HHR Panel ('10-'11) |- |A||Chevy Silverado 1500 2wd ('22-'26), Silverado HD 2500/3500 2wd ('25-'26) |- |B||Chevy Blazer 2wd & Awd '19-'26 |- |C||Chevy Silverado 2wd ('10-'18), Silverado LD 1500 2wd '19, Silverado HD 2500/3500 2wd '19, GMC Sierra 2wd ('10) |- |C||Chevy Tahoe 2wd ('10-'24), Suburban 2wd ('10-'24), Avalanche 2wd ('10-'13),<br /> GMC Yukon 2wd ('10), Yukon XL 2wd ('10), Cadillac Escalade 2wd ('10), Escalade ESV 2wd ('10) |- |D||Chevy Silverado 1500 4wd ('22-'24) |- |D||Chevy Blazer EV ('24-'26), Chevy Equinox EV ('24-'26) |- |E||Cadillac Escalade IQ [EV] ('25-'26), Escalade IQL [EV] ('26-), GMC Hummer EV pickup ('26-), GMC Hummer EV SUV ('26-), GMC Sierra EV ('26-) |- |F||Chevy Bolt EV w/Rear Seat Delete pkg. - incomplete vehicle ('18-'23) |- |G||Cadillac Chassis for Limousine & for Armored Vehicle (Based on XTS '13-'19) |- |G||Cadillac Chassis for Hearse (Based on XTS '13-'19) |- |G||Chevy Express 2wd ('10-'26), GMC Savana 2wd ('10) |- |H||Chevy Express 4wd ('10-'14), GMC Savana 4wd ('10) |- |H||GMC Sierra 1500 2wd ('22-'26), Sierra HD 2500/3500 2wd ('25-'26) |- |H||Honda Prologue EV ('24-'26), Acura ZDX EV ('24) |- |J||Buick Encore 2wd & Awd ('13-'22), Chevy Trax 2wd & Awd (Canada: '13-'22, US: '15-'22) |- |J||BrightDrop EV600 ('22), BrightDrop Zevo 600 ('23-'24), BrightDrop Zevo 400 ('24), Chevrolet BrightDrop 400/600 ('25) |- |K||Chevy Silverado 4wd ('10-'18), Silverado LD 1500 4wd ('19), Silverado HD 2500/3500 4wd ('19), GMC Sierra 4wd ('10) |- |K||Chevy Silverado 1500 4wd ('25-'26), Silverado HD 2500/3500 4wd ('25-'26) |- |K||Chevy Tahoe 4wd ('10-'24), Suburban 4wd ('10-'24), Suburban HD 4wd ('24-'26), Avalanche 4wd ('10-'13), GMC Yukon 4wd ('10), Yukon XL 4wd ('10),<br> Cadillac Escalade 4wd ('10), Escalade ESV 4wd ('10), Escalade EXT 4wd ('10) |- |K||Cadillac Professional Chassis for Limousine (Based on DTS '10-'11) |- |K||Cadillac Commercial Chassis for Hearse (Based on DTS '10-'11) |- |L||Chevy Equinox 2wd & Awd '10-'17, Captiva Sport 2wd '12-'15, Captiva Sport Awd '12, GMC Terrain 2wd & Awd '10-'17, Saturn Vue 2wd & Awd '10 |- |L||GMC Terrain 2wd & Awd '18-'26 |- |L||Buick Envista '24-'26, Chevy Trax '24-'26 |- |M||Buick Encore GX 2wd & Awd ('20-'26), Chevy Trailblazer 2wd & Awd ('21-'26) |- |N||Cadillac SRX 2wd & Awd '10-'16, Saab 9-4X 2011 |- |N||GMC Acadia 2wd & Awd '17-'26, Cadillac XT5 2wd & Awd '17-'26 |- |N||Hummer H3, H3T 2010 |- |P||Chevy Orlando (Canada only: '12-'14) |- |P||Cadillac XT6 2wd & Awd '20-'25 |- |P||Cadillac Lyriq EV 2wd & Awd '23-'25 |- |R||GMC Acadia 2wd '10-'16, Acadia Limited 2wd '17, Saturn Outlook 2wd '10, Buick Enclave 2wd '10-'17, Chevy Traverse 2wd '10-'17 |- |R||Buick Enclave 2wd '18-'24, Chevy Traverse 2wd '18-'23 |- |R||Buick Enclave 2wd '25-'26, Chevy Traverse 2wd '24-'26 |- |S||Chevy Traverse Limited 2wd '24 |- |S||Chevy Colorado 2wd ('10-'12, '15-'26), GMC Canyon 2wd ('10) |- |T||Chevy Colorado 4wd ('10-'12, '15-'26), GMC Canyon 4wd ('10) |- |T||Chevy Traverse Limited Awd '24 |- |U||GMC Sierra 1500 4wd ('22-'26), Sierra HD 2500/3500 4wd ('25-'26) |- |V||GMC Acadia Awd '10-'16, Acadia Limited Awd '17, Saturn Outlook Awd '10, Buick Enclave Awd '10-'17, Chevy Traverse Awd '10-'17 |- |V||Buick Enclave Awd '18-'24, Chevy Traverse Awd '18-'23 |- |V||Buick Enclave Awd '25-'26, Chevy Traverse Awd '24-'26 |- |W||Chevy Silverado 1500 2wd ('19-'21), Silverado LTD 1500 2wd ('22), Silverado HD 2500/3500 2wd ('20-'24) |- |X||Buick Envision 2wd & Awd '16-'20, Chevy Equinox 2wd & Awd '18-'26 |- |Y||Chevy Silverado 1500 4wd ('19-'21), Silverado LTD 1500 4wd ('22), Silverado HD 2500/3500 4wd ('20-'24) |- |Z||Cadillac XT4 2wd & Awd '19-'25, Buick Envision 2wd '21-'23, Buick Envision Awd '21-'26 |- |1||GMC Sierra 2wd ('11-'18), Sierra Limited 1500 2wd ('19), Sierra HD 2500/3500 2wd ('19), Yukon 2wd ('11-'26), Yukon XL 2wd ('11-'26) |- |1||GMC Canyon 2wd ('25-'26) |- |2||GMC Sierra 4wd ('11-'18), Sierra Limited 1500 4wd ('19), Sierra HD 2500/3500 4wd ('19), Yukon 4wd ('11-'26), Yukon XL 4wd ('11-'26) |- |2||GMC Canyon 4wd ('25-'26) |- |3||Cadillac Escalade 2wd ('11-'24), Escalade ESV 2wd ('11-'24) |- |3||Cadillac Optiq EV ('25-), Cadillac Vistiq EV ('26-) |- |4||Cadillac Escalade 4wd ('11-'24), Escalade ESV 4wd ('11-'24), Escalade EXT 4wd ('11-'13) |- |5||GMC Canyon 2wd ('11-'12, '15-'24) |- |5||Chevy Tahoe 2wd ('25-'26), Suburban 2wd ('25-'26) |- |6||GMC Canyon 4wd ('11-'12, '15-'24) |- |6||Chevy Tahoe 4wd ('25-'26), Suburban 4wd ('25-'26) |- |7||GMC Savana 2wd ('11-'26) |- |8||GMC Savana 4wd ('11-'14) |- |8||GMC Sierra 1500 2wd ('19-'21), Sierra Limited 1500 2wd ('22), Sierra HD 2500/3500 2wd ('20-'24) |- |8||Cadillac Escalade 2wd ('25-'26), Escalade ESV 2wd ('25-'26) |- |9||GMC Sierra 1500 4wd ('19-'21), Sierra Limited 1500 4wd ('22), Sierra HD 2500/3500 4wd ('20-'24) |- |9||Cadillac Escalade 4wd ('25-'26), Escalade ESV 4wd ('25-'26) |- |0||GMC Hummer EV pickup ('22-'25), GMC Hummer EV SUV ('24-'25), Chevy Silverado EV ('24-'26), GMC Sierra EV ('24-'25) |} ===Platform & Series Codes 1985- Passenger Car=== GM used a lettered system of automobile platform codes for three decades. These letters were used as the fourth position of the VIN. Though today's GM platforms use Greek characters, they are still encoded with Latin characters in the fourth position. Position five encodes the specific model and trim level of the vehicle. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !List of GM platforms !Platform<br>Code !Series<br>Code !:Category:General Motors vehicles|Model |- |rowspan=14|GM A platform |rowspan=14|A||W||Chevrolet Celebrity 1985-1990 |- |E||Pontiac 6000 ''SE'' 1986-1988 |- |F||Pontiac 6000 1985-1988, 6000 ''LE'' 1989-1991 |- |G||Pontiac 6000 ''LE'' 1985-1988 |- |H||Pontiac 6000 ''STE'' 1985-1989 |- |J||Pontiac 6000 ''SE'' 1989-1991 |- |G||Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera ''S'' Sedan 1993-1994 |- |J||Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera ''LS'' 1985, Cutlass Ciera 1986-1989 & Cutlass Cruiser 1985-1989,<br /> Cutlass Ciera ''S'' Coupe 1986-1987, Cutlass Ciera ''S'' 1990-1991 & Cutlass Cruiser ''S'' 1990-1994, Cutlass Ciera ''SL'' & Cutlass Cruiser ''SL'' 1995, Ciera ''SL'' sedan & wagon 1996 |- |L||Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera 1990-1991, Cutlass Ciera ''S'' Sedan 1992 |- |M||Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera ''Brougham'' 1985-1988, Cutlass Ciera ''SL'' Coupe 1986-1989, Cutlass Ciera ''SL'' Sedan 1989-1993, Cutlass Cruiser ''Brougham'' 1987-1988, Cutlass Cruiser ''SL'' 1989-1993 |- |S||Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera ''International Series'' 1988-1990 |- |G||Buick Century ''T-Type'' 1985-1986, Century ''Special'' 1991-1996 |- |H||Buick Century ''Custom'' 1985-1995 |- |L||Buick Century ''Limited'' 1985-1993, Century Estate Wagon 1986-1989 |- |rowspan=14|GM B platform |rowspan=14|B||L||Chevrolet Impala 1985, Caprice 1986-1992, Caprice Classic 1993-1996, Impala SS 1995-96 |- |N||Chevrolet Caprice Classic 1985-1992, Caprice Classic LS 1993-1994,<br /> Caprice Classic LTZ 1991-1993, Impala SS 1994 |- |U||Chevrolet Caprice Classic Brougham/Brougham LS 1987-1990 |- |L||Pontiac Parisienne 1985-1986, Safari Wagon 1987-1989 |- |T||Pontiac Parisienne Brougham 1985-1986 |- |N||Oldsmobile Delta 88 Royale 1985 |- |P||Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser 1985-1992 |- |V||Oldsmobile Delta 88 Royale Brougham LS 1985 |- |Y||Oldsmobile Delta 88 Royale Brougham 1985 |- |N||Buick Le Sabre ''Custom'' 1985, Roadmaster sedan 1992-1996 |- |P||Buick Le Sabre ''Limited'' 1985 |- |R||Buick Le Sabre Estate Wagon 1985-1989, Estate Wagon 1990,<br /> Roadmaster Estate Wagon 1991-1996 |- |T||Buick Roadmaster ''Limited'' sedan 1992-1996 |- |V||Buick Electra Estate Wagon 1985-1989 |- |rowspan=13|GM C platform - front-wheel drive |rowspan=13|C |V||Oldsmobile Touring Sedan 1988-1990, 98 Touring Sedan 1991-1993 |- |W||Oldsmobile 98 Regency Brougham 1985-1990, 98 Regency Elite 1991-1996 |- |X||Oldsmobile 98 Regency 1985-1990, 1992-1994 |- |F||Buick Electra T-Type 1985-1990 |- |U||Buick Electra Park Avenue Ultra 1989-1990, Park Avenue Ultra 1991-1996 |- |W||Buick Electra Park Avenue 1985-1990, Park Avenue 1991-1996 |- |X||Buick Electra 1985-1986, Electra Limited 1987-1990 |- |B||1985-1992 Cadillac Fleetwood, Fleetwood D'Elegance, 1993 Cadillac Sixty Special |- |D||1985-1993 Cadillac DeVille |- |G||1991-1992 Cadillac Fleetwood Sixty Special |- |H||1985-1987 Cadillac Fleetwood Limousine |- |S||1987-1990 Cadillac Fleetwood Sixty Special |- |T||1991-1993 Cadillac DeVille Touring Sedan |- |rowspan=3|GM G platform (models formerly on C platform) |rowspan=3|C |- |U||Buick Park Avenue Ultra 1997-2005 |- |W||Buick Park Avenue 1997-2005 |- |rowspan=2|GM D platform |rowspan=2|D||W||1985-1986 Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham, 1987-1992 Cadillac Brougham |- |W||1993-1996 Cadillac Fleetwood |- |rowspan=31|GM Delta I platform |rowspan=31|A |- |A||Chevrolet Cobalt LS w/manual trans. 2010 |- |B||Chevrolet Cobalt LS w/automatic trans. 2010 |- |C||Chevrolet Cobalt 1LT w/manual trans. 2010 |- |D||Chevrolet Cobalt 1LT w/automatic trans. 2010 |- |E||Chevrolet Cobalt 2LT w/manual trans. 2010 |- |F||Chevrolet Cobalt 2LT w/automatic trans. 2010 |- |G||Chevrolet Cobalt SS Turbo 2010 |- |H||Chevrolet Cobalt (base model w/XFE) 2010 |- |K||Chevrolet Cobalt (base model) 2005, Cobalt LS 2006-2008, Cobalt LS w/man. trans. 2009 |- |L||Chevrolet Cobalt LS 2005, Cobalt LT 2006-2008, Cobalt LT w/manual trans. 2009 |- |M||Chevrolet Cobalt SS 2006-2007, Cobalt Sport 2008 |- |P||Chevrolet Cobalt SS Supercharged 2005-2007, SS Turbo 2008-2009 |- |S||Chevrolet Cobalt LS w/automatic trans. 2009 |- |T||Chevrolet Cobalt LT w/automatic trans. 2009 |- |Z||Chevrolet Cobalt LT 2005, Cobalt LTZ 2006-2007 |- |L||Pontiac G5 2007-2008, G5 w/manual trans. 2009 |- |N||Pontiac G5 GT 2007-2008, G5 GT w/manual trans. 2009 |- |S||Pontiac G5 w/automatic trans. 2009 |- |T||Pontiac G5 GT w/automatic trans. 2009 |- |F||Saturn Ion sedan Level 1 w/manual trans. 2003-2005 |- |G||Saturn Ion sedan Level 1 w/automatic trans. 2003-2005 |- |J||Saturn Ion sedan Level 2 w/automatic trans. 2003-2007 |- |K||Saturn Ion sedan Level 3 w/manual trans. 2003-2007 |- |L||Saturn Ion sedan Level 3 w/automatic trans. 2003-2007 |- |M||Saturn Ion coupe Level 2 w/manual trans. 2003-2007 |- |N||Saturn Ion coupe Level 2 w/automatic trans. 2003-2007 |- |V||Saturn Ion coupe Level 3 w/manual trans. 2003-2007 |- |W||Saturn Ion coupe Level 3 w/automatic trans. 2003-2007 |- |Y||Saturn Ion coupe Red Line 2004-2007 |- |Z||Saturn Ion sedan Level 2 w/manual trans. 2003-2007 |- |rowspan=9|GM E platform |rowspan=9|E |- |V||Oldsmobile Toronado Trofeo 1988-1992 |- |Z||Oldsmobile Toronado Brougham 1985-1986, Toronado 1987-1992 |- |C||Buick Reatta 1988-1991 |- |Y||Buick Riviera T-Type 1985-1986 |- |Z||Buick Riviera 1985-1993 |- |C||Cadillac Eldorado Collector Series 2002 |- |L||Cadillac Eldorado 1985-2002 |- |T||Cadillac Eldorado Touring Coupe 1994-2002 |- |rowspan=26|GM Epsilon I platform |rowspan=26|Z||A||Chevrolet Malibu Fleet 2010-2012 |- |B||Chevrolet Malibu LS 2010-2012 |- |C||Chevrolet Malibu 1LT 2010-2012 |- |D||Chevrolet Malibu 2LT 2010-2012 |- |E||Chevrolet Malibu LTZ 2010-2011, Malibu 1LZ 2012 |- |F||Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid 2008-2010, Malibu 3LT 2012 |- |G||Chevrolet Malibu LS 2008-2009, Malibu 2LZ 2012 |- |H||Chevrolet Malibu 1LT 2008-2009 |- |J||Chevrolet Malibu 2LT 2008-2009 |- |K||Chevrolet Malibu LTZ 2008-2009 |- |S||Chevrolet Malibu 2004-2005, Malibu LS 2006-2007, Malibu Classic LS 2008 |- |T||Chevrolet Malibu LS 2004-2005, Malibu LT 2006-2007, Malibu Classic LT 2008 |- |U||Chevrolet Malibu LT 2004-2005, Malibu LTZ 2006-2007 |- |W||Chevrolet Malibu SS 2006-2007 |- |A||Pontiac G6 Sedan 2010 |- |F||Pontiac G6 2.4L Sedan (Base model) 2006, G6 Value Leader (Base model w/1SV) 2007-2008 |- |G||Pontiac G6 3.5L Sedan (Base model) 2005-2006, G6 (Base model) 2007-2009 |- |H||Pontiac G6 GT 2005-2009 |- |J||Pontiac G6 (Base model) 2009 1/2 (Mid-Cycle Revision) |- |K||Pontiac G6 GT 2009 1/2 (Mid-Cycle Revision) |- |L||Pontiac G6 GXP 2009 1/2 (Mid-Cycle Revision) |- |M||Pontiac G6 GTP 2006-2007, G6 GXP 2008-2009 |- |R||Saturn Aura Green Line 2007-2009 |- |S||Saturn Aura XE 2007-2009 |- |V||Saturn Aura XR 2007-2008, Aura XR 2.4L 2009 |- |X||Saturn Aura XR V6 2009 |- |rowspan=6|GM F platform |rowspan=6|F||P||Chevrolet Camaro Sport Coupe 1985-2002, Convertible 1987-1992, 1994-2002 |- |S||Chevrolet Camaro Berlinetta 1985-1986 |- |S||Pontiac Firebird 1985-2002, Firebird ''Formula'' 1987-1992 |- |V||Pontiac Firebird ''Formula / Trans Am'' 1993-2002, Firebird ''Trans Am GT'' 1994 |- |W||Pontiac Firebird ''Trans Am'' 1985-1992, Firebird ''Trans Am GTA'' 1987-1992 |- |X||Pontiac Firebird ''S/E'' 1985-1986 |- |rowspan=13|GM G platform - rear-wheel drive |rowspan=13|G||Z||Chevrolet Monte Carlo 1985-1988 |- |J||Pontiac Grand Prix 1985-1987 |- |K||Pontiac Grand Prix LE 1985-1987 |- |N||Pontiac Bonneville 1985-1986 |- |P||Pontiac Grand Prix Brougham 1985-1987 |- |R||Pontiac Bonneville Brougham 1985-1986 |- |S||Pontiac Bonneville LE 1985-1986 |- |K||Oldsmobile Cutlass Salon coupe 1985-1987 |- |M||Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme ''Brougham'' 1985-1987,<br /> Cutlass Supreme Classic ''Brougham'' 1988 |- |R||Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme 1985-1987, Cutlass Supreme Classic 1988 |- |J||Buick Regal 1985-1987 |- |K||Buick Regal T-Type 1985-1987 |- |M||Buick Regal ''Limited'' 1985-1987 |- |rowspan=4|GM G platform - front-wheel drive |rowspan=4|G||D||1995-1999 Buick Riviera |- |R||1995-1999 Oldsmobile Aurora |- |R||2001-2002 Oldsmobile Aurora 3.5 |- |S||2001-2003 Oldsmobile Aurora 4.0 |- |rowspan=9|GM H platform |rowspan=9|H||H||Buick Le Sabre 1987 |- |P||Buick Le Sabre ''Custom'' 1986-1999 |- |R||Buick Le Sabre ''Limited'' 1986-1999 |- |C||Oldsmobile Regency 1997-1998, Eighty Eight 50th Anniversary Edition 1999 |- |N||Oldsmobile Delta 88 Royale 1986-1988, 88 Royale 1989-1995, Eighty Eight & Eighty Eight LS 1996-99 |- |Y||Oldsmobile Delta 88 Royale Brougham 1986-1988, 88 Royale Brougham 1989-91, Eighty Eight Royale LS 1992-1995, LSS 1996-1999 |- |X||Pontiac Bonneville 1987, Bonneville LE 1988-1991, Bonneville ''SE'' 1992-1999 |- |Y||Pontiac Bonneville SSE 1988-1991, Bonneville ''SSEi'' 1992-1993 |- |Z||Pontiac Bonneville LE 1987, Bonneville SE 1988-1991, Bonneville ''SSE'' 1992-1999, Bonneville ''SSEi'' 1994-1999 |- |rowspan=17|GM G platform (models formerly on H platform or their successors) |rowspan=17|H||A||Buick Lucerne ''CX'' 2010-2011 |- |B||Buick Lucerne ''CX-2'' 2010 |- |C||Buick Lucerne ''CXL'' 2010-2011 |- |D||Buick Lucerne ''CXL V6'' 2006-2009, Lucerne ''CXL Special Edition'' 2010 |- |E||Buick Lucerne ''CXS'' 2006-2008, Lucerne ''CXL-3'' 2010 |- |F||Buick Lucerne ''Super'' 2008-2009, Lucerne ''CXL-4'' 2010 |- |G||Buick Lucerne ''CXL-5'' 2010 |- |H||Buick Lucerne ''Super 1SP'' 2010 |- |J||Buick Lucerne ''CXL Premium'' 2010-2011 |- |K||Buick Lucerne ''Super 1XS'' 2010, Lucerne ''Super'' 2011 |- |P||Buick Lucerne ''CX'' 2006-2009 |- |R||Buick Lucerne ''CXL V8'' 2006-2007, Lucerne ''CXL Special Edition V8'' 2008 |- |P||Buick Le Sabre ''Custom'' 2000-2005 |- |R||Buick Le Sabre ''Limited'' 2000-2005 |- |X||Pontiac Bonneville ''SE'' 2000-2005 |- |Y||Pontiac Bonneville ''SLE'' 2000-2005 |- |Z||Pontiac Bonneville ''SSEi'' 2000-2003, Bonneville GXP 2004-2005 |- |rowspan=23|GM J platform |rowspan=23|J |- |C||Chevrolet Cavalier 1985-1994, RS Convertible 1991-1994 |- |D||Chevrolet Cavalier CS 1985-1987 |- |E||Chevrolet Cavalier Type 10 1985, RS 1986-1988,<br /> Type 10 Convertible 1985, RS Convertible 1986-1987 |- |F||Chevrolet Cavalier Z24 1986-1994, Z24 Convertible 1988-1989, 1992-1994 |- |C||Chevrolet Cavalier 1995-2005, Cavalier RS 1997-1999 |- |F||Chevrolet Cavalier LS Sedan 1995-2005, LS Coupe 2003-2005, Z24 Coupe 1995-2001,<br /> LS Convertible 1995-1997, Z24 Convertible 1998-2000 |- |H||Chevrolet Cavalier Z24 Coupe/Sedan 2002, LS Sport 2002-2005 |- |S||Chevrolet Cavalier LS Coupe 2002 |- |B||Pontiac Sunbird 1985-1989, Sunbird LE 1990-1991, Sunbird SE 1992-1993,<br /> Sunbird LE 1994 |- |C||Pontiac Sunbird LE 1985, Sunbird 1991, Sunbird LE 1992-1993 |- |D||Pontiac Sunbird SE 1985-1991, Sunbird GT 1992-1993 |- |L||Pontiac Sunbird SE 1994 |- |U||Pontiac Sunbird GT 1986-1991 |- |B||Pontiac Sunfire SE 1995-2002, Convertible 1995-2000, Sunfire 2003-2005 |- |D||Pontiac Sunfire GT 1995-2002 |- |C||Oldsmobile Firenza Base model 1985-1987, Firenza S 1985-1987, Firenza 1988 |- |D||Oldsmobile Firenza LX 1985-1987, Firenza SX 1985, Firenza LC, GT 1986-1987 |- |E||Buick Skyhawk T-Type 1985-1986 |- |S||Buick Skyhawk Custom 1985-1987, Skyhawk Sport 1986-1987, Skyhawk 1988-1989 |- |T||Buick Skyhawk Limited 1985-1987 |- |G||Cadillac Cimarron 1985-1988 |- |G, H||Toyota Cavalier (Japan only) |- |rowspan=8|GM2900 platform |rowspan=8|J||C||Saturn L-Series|2004 Saturn L300.1 |- |D||Saturn L-Series|2004 Saturn L300.2, 2005 Saturn L300 |- |L||Saturn L-Series|2004 Saturn L300.3 |- |R||Saturn L-Series|Saturn LS w/manual transmission '00/L100 w/manual transmission '01 |- |S||Saturn L-Series|Saturn LS w/automatic transmission '00/L100 w/automatic transmission '01-'02 |- |T||Saturn L-Series|Saturn LS1 w/manual transmission '00/L200 w/manual transmission '01-'03, LW200 w/manual trans. '02 |- |U||Saturn L-Series|Saturn LS1 w/automatic transmission '00/L200 w/automatic transmission '01-'03,<br> Saturn LW1 w/automatic transmission '00/LW200 w/automatic transmission '01-'03 |- |W||Saturn L-Series|Saturn LS2 '00, LW2 '00, L300 '01-'03, LW300 '01-'03 |- |rowspan=5|GM K platform |rowspan=5|K||D||Cadillac Deville 1994-1999 |- |E||Cadillac Deville D'Elegance 1997-1999 |- |F||Cadillac Deville Concours 1994-1999 |- |S||Cadillac Seville 1985-1993 / Cadillac Seville SLS 1994-1997 |- |Y||Cadillac Seville Touring Sedan / Cadillac Seville STS 1990-1997 |- |rowspan=9|GM G platform (models formerly on K platform) |rowspan=9|K||A||2010-2011 Cadillac DTS |- |D||2000-2005 Cadillac Deville, 2006-2009 Cadillac DTS, 2010-2011 DTS Luxury |- |E||2000-2005 Cadillac Deville DHS |- |F||2000-2005 Cadillac Deville DTS |- |H||2010-2011 Cadillac DTS Premium |- |P||2010-2011 Cadillac DTS Platinum |- |R||2010-2011 Cadillac DTS Livery |- |S|| 1998-2004 Cadillac Seville SLS |- |Y|| 1998-2003 Cadillac Seville STS |- |rowspan=33|GM Kappa platform |rowspan=33|M||A||Pontiac Solstice w/automatic transmission 2010 |- |B||Pontiac Solstice 2006-2007, Solstice w/manual transmission 2008-2009 |- |B||Pontiac Solstice GXP w/automatic transmission 2010 |- |C||Pontiac Solstice w/automatic transmission 2008 |- |D||Pontiac Solstice w/manual transmission 2010 |- |E||Pontiac Solstice GXP w/manual transmission 2010 |- |F||Pontiac Solstice GXP w/automatic transmission 2008 |- |G||Pontiac Solstice GXP 2007, Solstice GXP w/manual transmission 2008-2009 |- |K||Pontiac Solstice Street Edition w/manual transmission 2009 |- |N||Pontiac Solstice w/automatic transmission 2009 |- |S||Pontiac Solstice SCCA SSB Championship Edition (2.4L) 2008 |- |T||Pontiac Solstice SCCA T2 Championship Edition (2.0L Turbo) 2008 |- |T||Pontiac Solstice GXP w/automatic transmission 2009 |- |Z||Pontiac Solstice Street Edition w/automatic transmission 2009 |- |B||Saturn Sky 2007, Sky w/manual transmission 2008-2009 |- |B||Saturn Sky Redline w/automatic transmission 2010 |- |C||Saturn Sky w/automatic transmission 2008 |- |C||Saturn Sky Ruby Red (Merlot Jewel) Special Edition w/manual transmission 2009 |- |C||Saturn Sky Preferred w/automatic transmission 2010 |- |D||Saturn Sky Hydro Blue Special Edition w/manual transmission 2009 |- |E||Saturn Sky Redline w/manual transmission 2010 |- |F||Saturn Sky Redline w/automatic transmission 2008 |- |F||Saturn Sky Preferred w/manual transmission 2010 |- |G||Saturn Sky Redline 2007, Sky Redline w/manual transmission 2008-2009 |- |H||Saturn Sky Redline Ruby Red (Merlot Jewel) Special Edition w/manual transmission 2009 |- |L||Saturn Sky Redline Hydro Blue Special Edition w/manual transmission 2009 |- |N||Saturn Sky w/automatic transmission 2009 |- |P||Saturn Sky Ruby Red (Merlot Jewel) Special Edition w/automatic transmission 2009 |- |R||Saturn Sky Hydro Blue Special Edition w/automatic transmission 2009 |- |T||Saturn Sky Redline w/automatic transmission 2009 |- |V||Saturn Sky Redline Ruby Red (Merlot Jewel) Special Edition w/automatic transmission 2009 |- |X||Saturn Sky Redline Hydro Blue Special Edition w/automatic transmission 2009 |- |G||Opel GT 2007-2010, Daewoo G2X 2007-2009 |- |rowspan=8|GM L platform |rowspan=8|L |- |D||Chevrolet Corsica ''Base'' 1994-1996 |- |T||Chevrolet Corsica ''Base'' 1987-1989, Corsica ''LT'' 1990-1993 |- |V||Chevrolet Beretta ''Base'' 1987-1996 |- |W||Chevrolet Beretta "GT" 1989-1993 (RPO Z21) & Beretta ''Z26'' 1994-1996 (RPO Z04) |- |Z||Chevrolet Corsica ''LTZ'' 1989-1990 (RPO Z54) |- |Z||Chevrolet Beretta "GTZ" 1990-1993 (RPO Z04) |- |T||Pontiac Tempest (Canada only) |- |rowspan=5|GM M platform |rowspan=5|M||R||Chevrolet Sprint |- |R||Geo Metro LSi, Metro |- |R||Pontiac Firefly (Canada only) |- |S||Chevrolet Sprint ER |- |S||Geo Metro, Metro XFi |- |rowspan=32|GM N platform |rowspan=32|N |- |B||Oldsmobile Cutlass 1997, Cutlass ''GL'' 1998-1999 |- |C||Buick Skylark 4-door ''Custom'' 1987-1991 |- |D||Buick Skylark 4-door ''Limited'' 1987-1989, Skylark 4-door ''Luxury Edition'' 1990-1991 |- |D||Chevrolet Malibu 1997-2003, Chevrolet Classic 2004-2005 |- |E||Chevrolet Malibu ''LS'' 1997-2003 |- |E||Pontiac Grand Am 1985-1988, Grand Am ''LE'' 1989-1991 |- |E||Pontiac Grand Am ''SE'' 1992-2005 |- |F||Oldsmobile Calais 1985-1987, Cutlass Calais 1988, Cutlass Calais ''S'' 1989-1991 |- |F||Oldsmobile Achieva ''SL'' 1992-1994, Achieva ''SC'' 1994 |- |F||Oldsmobile Alero ''GLS'' 1999-2004 |- |F||Pontiac Grand Am ''SE1'' 2000-2004 |- |G||Oldsmobile Cutlass ''GLS'' 1997-1999 |- |G||Pontiac Grand Am 1991 |- |G||Pontiac Grand Am ''SE2'' 2000, 2003-2004 |- |J||Buick Somerset Regal 1985, Somerset ''Custom'' 1986-1987, Skylark 2-door ''Custom'' 1988-91, Skylark 4-door ''Custom'' 1986 |- |J||Buick Skylark 1992, Skylark ''Limited'' 1993-1994, Skylark ''Custom'' 1996-1998,<br /> Skylark ''Limited'' & ''Gran Sport'' 1996-1997 |- |K||Buick Somerset ''T-Type'' 1986 |- |K||Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais ''International Series'' 1988-1991 |- |K||Oldsmobile Alero ''GX'' 1999-2004 |- |L||Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais 1989-1991 |- |L||Oldsmobile Achieva ''S'' 1992-1995, Achieva ''SL'' 1996-1998, Achieva ''SC'' 1996-1997 |- |L||Oldsmobile Alero ''GL'' 1999-2004 |- |M||Buick Somerset Regal ''Limited'' 1985, Somerset ''Limited'' 1986-'87, Skylark 2-door ''Limited'' '88-'89, Skylark 2-door ''Gran Sport'' 1990-1991, Skylark 4-door ''Limited'' 1986 |- |M||Buick Skylark ''Gran Sport'' 1992-1994 |- |T||Oldsmobile Calais ''Supreme'' 1985-1987, Cutlass Calais ''SL'' 1988-1991 |- |V||Buick Skylark 1990-1991 |- |V||Buick Skylark ''Custom'' 1993-1995, ''Limited'' 1995, ''Gran Sport'' 1995 |- |V||Pontiac Grand Am ''LE'' 1985-1988 |- |V||Pontiac Grand Am ''GT1'' 2000-2005 |- |W||Pontiac Grand Am ''SE'' 1986-1991 |- |W||Pontiac Grand Am ''GT'' 1992-2005 |- |rowspan=5|GM P platform - rear-wheel drive |rowspan=5|P |- ||E||Pontiac Fiero ''Coupe'' 1985-1988 |- ||F||Pontiac Fiero ''SE'' 1985-1987 |- ||G||Pontiac Fiero ''GT'' 1985-1988 |- ||M||Pontiac Fiero ''Sport coupe'' 1985-1987 |- |rowspan=1|GM P platform - front-wheel drive |rowspan=1|P||X||General Motors EV1 1997, 1999 |- |rowspan=6|GM R platform |rowspan=6|R |- ||F||1985-1986 Chevrolet Spectrum |- ||F||1987-1988 Chevrolet Spectrum 3-door hatchback, 1989 Geo Spectrum 3-door hatchback |- ||F||1990-1993 Geo Storm |- ||G||1987-1988 Chevrolet Spectrum 4-door sedan, 1989 Geo Spectrum 4-door sedan |- ||T||1990-1993 Geo Storm GSi |- |rowspan=8|GM S platform |rowspan=8|S||K||1985-1988 Chevrolet Nova |- |K||1989-1997 Geo Prizm, 1998-2002 Chevrolet Prizm |- |L||1988 Chevrolet Nova Twin Cam, 1990-1992 Geo Prizm GSi |- |L||2003-2008 Pontiac Vibe, 2009-2010 Pontiac Vibe FWD w/manual transmission |- |M||2003-2006 Pontiac Vibe ''AWD'', 2009-2010 Pontiac Vibe AWD w/automatic transmission |- |N||2003-2006 Pontiac Vibe ''GT'', 2009-2010 Pontiac Vibe GT FWD w/manual transmission |- |P||2009-2010 Pontiac Vibe FWD w/automatic transmission |- |R||2009-2010 Pontiac Vibe GT FWD w/automatic transmission |- |rowspan=32|GM Sigma platform |rowspan=32|D||A||Cadillac CTS Base model RWD 2010-2013, CTS Coupe Base model RWD 2014 |- |B||Cadillac CTS Wagon Luxury Collection RWD 2014 |- |C||Cadillac CTS Base model AWD 2010-2013, CTS Coupe/Wagon Performance Collection RWD 2014 |- |D||Cadillac CTS Coupe/Wagon Premium Collection RWD 2014 |- |E||Cadillac CTS Luxury Collection RWD 2010-2013, CTS Coupe Base model AWD 2014 |- |F||Cadillac CTS Auto. Trans. RWD 2008-2009, CTS Luxury Collection RWD w/Navigation 2010-2013, CTS Wagon Luxury Collection AWD 2014 |- |G||Cadillac CTS Auto. Trans. AWD 2008-2009, CTS Luxury Collection AWD 2010-2013, CTS Coupe/Wagon Performance Collection AWD 2014 |- |H||Cadillac CTS Auto. Trans. AWD w/Navigation 2008-2009, CTS Luxury Collection AWD w/Navigation 2010-2013, CTS Coupe/Wagon Premium Collection AWD 2014 |- |J||Cadillac CTS Auto. Trans. RWD w/Navigation 2008-2009, CTS Performance Collection RWD 2010-2013 |- |K||Cadillac CTS Performance Collection RWD w/Navigation 2010-2013 |- |L||Cadillac CTS Performance Collection AWD 2010-2013 |- |M||Cadillac CTS V6 2003-2004, CTS 2.8L 2005-2007, CTS Man. Trans. RWD 2008-2009, CTS Performance Collection AWD w/Navigation 2010-2013 |- |N||Cadillac CTS V-Series 2004-2007, 2009 |- |P||Cadillac CTS 3.6L 2005-2007, CTS Direct Inj. V6 Man. Trans. RWD 2008-2009, CTS Premium Collection RWD w/Navigation 2010-2013 |- |R||Cadillac CTS Direct Inj. V6 Auto. Trans. RWD 2008 |- |S||Cadillac CTS Direct Inj. V6 Auto. Trans. AWD 2008-2009, CTS Premium Collection AWD w/Navigation 2010-2013 |- |T||Cadillac CTS Direct Inj. V6 Auto. Trans. AWD w/Navigation 2008-2009 |- |U||Cadillac CTS Direct Inj. V6 Auto. Trans. RWD 2009 |- |V||Cadillac CTS Direct Inj. V6 Auto. Trans. RWD w/Navigation 2008-2009, CTS sedan V-Series 2010-2014, CTS Wagon V-Series 2011-2014, CTS Coupe V-Series 2011-2015 |- |0||Cadillac CTS Sport Appearance Pkg. 2010 |- |1||Cadillac CTS Eco Luxury Pkg. 2010 |- |2||Cadillac CTS Sport Appearance Pkg. 2011 |- |A||Cadillac STS V6 AWD 2008-2009 |- |B||Cadillac STS V8 AWD 2008-2009 |- |C||Cadillac STS V8 2005-2007, STS V8 RWD 2008-2009 |- |D||Cadillac STS V6 AWD w/Navigation 2008-2009 |- |K||Cadillac STS V6 RWD w/Navigation 2008-2009 |- |L||Cadillac STS V8 AWD w/Navigation 2008-2009 |- |U||Cadillac STS (all models) 2010, STS (Base model) 2011 |- |W||Cadillac STS V6 2005-2007, STS V6 RWD 2008-2009, STS Luxury 2011 |- |X||Cadillac STS V-Series 2006-2009, STS Luxury Performance 2011 |- |Z||Cadillac STS V8 RWD w/Navigation 2008-2009 |- |rowspan=4|GM T platform - rear-wheel drive |rowspan=4|T||B|| 1985-1987 Chevrolet Chevette CS |- |B||1985-1987 Pontiac Acadian (Canada only) |- |J||1985 Pontiac Acadian Scooter (Canada only) |- |L||1985-1987 Pontiac 1000 |- |rowspan=4|GM T platform - front-wheel drive |rowspan=4|T||N|| Pontiac LeMans 1988, LeMans LE 1989-1991, LeMans SE 1992-1993 |- |R||1988-1989 Pontiac LeMans SE sedan |- |S||1988-1990 Pontiac LeMans GSE AeroCoupe |- |X||1988-1993 Pontiac LeMans VL AeroCoupe |- |rowspan=3|GM T platform - front-wheel drive |rowspan=3|A |- |R||Saturn Astra XE (US: 2008, Canada: 2008-2009) |- |T||Saturn Astra XR (US: 2008, Canada: 2008-2009) |- |rowspan=4|Daewoo T200 platform |rowspan=4|T||D||Chevrolet Aveo Special Value 2004-2008, Base model 2004, LS 2005-2011, Aveo 1LT 2009-2011 |- |G||Chevrolet Aveo LT 2005-2008, Aveo 2LT 2009-2011 |- |J||Chevrolet Aveo LS 2004 |- |D||Pontiac G3 2009 |- |rowspan=2|GM V platform - front-wheel drive |rowspan=2|V||R||1987-1992 Cadillac Allanté with standard removable hardtop |- |S||1990-1993 Cadillac Allanté |- |rowspan=2|GM V platform - rear-wheel drive |rowspan=2|V||R||1997-2001 Cadillac Catera |- |X||2004-2006 Pontiac GTO coupe |- |rowspan=49|GM W platform |rowspan=49|W |- |A||Chevrolet Impala ''LS'' 2010-2013, Impala Limited ''LS'' 2014-2016 |- |B||Chevrolet Impala ''LS'' 2006-2009, Impala ''LT'' 2010-2013, Impala Limited ''LT'' 2014-2016 |- |C||Chevrolet Impala ''LT'' 3.9L 2006-2009, Impala ''LTZ'' 2010-2013, Impala Limited ''LTZ'' 2014-2016 |- |D||Chevrolet Impala ''SS'' 2006-2009, Impala ''Police'' 2010-2013, Impala Limited ''Police'' 2014-2016 |- |E||Chevrolet Impala ''Taxi'' 2010-2012 |- |F||Chevrolet Impala 2000-2005, Impala ''LS'' Fleet (1FL) 2011-2013 |- |G||Chevrolet Impala ''LT'' Fleet (2FL) 2011-2013 |- |H||Chevrolet Impala ''LS'' 2000-2005 |- |J||Chevrolet Monte Carlo ''LS'' 2006-2007 |- |K||Chevrolet Monte Carlo ''LT'' 3.9L 2006, Monte Carlo ''LT'' 3.5L 2007 |- |L||Chevrolet Lumina 1990-2001, Lumina ''LS'' 1997-1999 |- |L||Chevrolet Monte Carlo ''SS'' 2006-2007 |- |M||Chevrolet Monte Carlo ''LT'' 3.5L 2006 |- |N||Chevrolet Lumina ''Euro'' 1990-1994, Lumina ''LS'' 1995-1996, Lumina ''LTZ'' 1997-1999 |- |N||Chevrolet Monte Carlo ''LTZ'' 2006 |- |P||Chevrolet Lumina ''Z34'' 1991-1994, Impala ''SS'' 2004-2005 |- |S||Chevrolet Impala ''Police'' 2006-2009 |- |T||Chevrolet Impala ''LT'' 3.5L 2006-2009 |- |U||Chevrolet Impala ''LTZ'' 2006-2009 |- |V||Chevrolet Impala ''50th Anniversary Edition'' 2008 |- |W||Chevrolet Monte Carlo ''LS'' 1995-2005 |- |X||Chevrolet Monte Carlo ''Z34'' 1995-1999, Monte Carlo ''SS'' 2000-2004, Monte Carlo ''LT'' 2005 |- |Z||Chevrolet Monte Carlo ''SS Supercharged'' 2004-2005 |- |C||Pontiac Grand Prix ''GXP'' 2005-2008 |- |H||Pontiac Grand Prix ''LE'' 1991-1993 |- |J||Pontiac Grand Prix 1988-1989, Grand Prix ''LE'' 1990, Grand Prix ''SE'' 1991-2000 |- |K||Pontiac Grand Prix ''LE'' 1988-1989, Grand Prix ''SE1'' 2000-2003 |- |P||Pontiac Grand Prix ''SE'' 1988-1990, Grand Prix ''GT'' 1991-1993, 1997-2003,<br /> Grand Prix ''GT1'' 2004, Grand Prix 2005-2008 |- |R||Pontiac Grand Prix ''GTP'' 1999-2005, Grand Prix ''GT'' 2006-2007 |- |S||Pontiac Grand Prix ''GT2'' 2004, Grand Prix ''GT'' 2005 |- |T||Pontiac Grand Prix ''STE'' 1990-1993 |- |H||Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme 1988-1991, Cutlass Supreme ''S'' 1992-1994,<br /> Cutlass Supreme ''SL'' 1995-1997, Intrigue 1998, Intrigue ''GX'' 1999-2002 |- |R||Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme ''International Series'' 1988-1993 |- |S||Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme ''SL'' 1988-1991, Intrigue ''GL'' 1998-2002 |- |T||Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme Convertible 1990-1995 |- |X||Oldsmobile Intrigue ''GLS'' 1998-2002 |- |B||Buick Regal ''Custom'' 1988-1996, Regal ''GS'' Coupe 1995-1996, Regal ''LS'' 1997-2004 |- |C||Buick Lacrosse ''CX'' 2005-2009 |- |D||Buick Regal ''Limited'' 1988-1996, Lacrosse ''CXL'' 2005-2009 |- |E||Buick Lacrosse ''CXS'' 2005-2008 |- |F||Buick Regal ''GS'' Coupe 1992-1994, Regal ''GS'' Sedan 1992-2004 |- |F||Buick Allure ''CX'' 2005-2009 (Canada only) |- |H||Buick Allure ''CXS'' 2005-2008 (Canada only) |- |J||Buick Allure ''CXL'' 2005-2009 (Canada only) |- |N||Buick Lacrosse ''Super'' 2008-2009 |- |P||Buick Allure ''Super'' 2008-2009 (Canada only) |- |S||Buick Century ''Custom'' 1997-2005 |- |Y||Buick Century ''Limited'' 1997-2002 |- |rowspan=3|GM X platform |rowspan=3|X||B||1985 Buick Skylark Custom |- |C||1985 Buick Skylark Limited |- |X||1985 Chevrolet Citation II |- |rowspan=39|GM Y platform |rowspan=39|Y||V||2004-2009 Cadillac XLR |- |X||2006-2009 Cadillac XLR V-Series |- |Y||1985-2008 Chevrolet Corvette (all models except '90-'95 ZR-1) |- |Z||1990-1995 Chevrolet Corvette ZR-1 |- |G||2009 Chevrolet Corvette GT1 Championship Edition (Base & Z06) |- |R||2009 Chevrolet Corvette ZR1 (after early production) |- |Y||2009 Chevrolet Corvette (Base model, Early production Z06, Early production ZR1) |- |Z||2009 Chevrolet Corvette Z06 (after early production) |- |A||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Standard 1LT Man. Trans. |- |B||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Preferred 2LT Man. Trans. |- |C||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Premium 3LT Man. Trans. |- |D||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Custom 4LT Man. Trans. |- |E||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Standard 1LT Auto. Trans. |- |F||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Preferred 2LT Auto. Trans. |- |G||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Premium 3LT Auto. Trans. |- |H||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Custom 4LT Auto. Trans. |- |J||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Z06 Standard 1LZ Man. Trans. |- |K||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Z06 Premium 2LZ Man. Trans. |- |L||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Z06 Custom 3LZ Man. Trans. |- |M||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette ZR1 Standard 1ZR Man. Trans. |- |N||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette ZR1 Custom 3ZR Man. Trans. |- |P||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Grand Sport Standard 1LT Man. Trans. |- |R||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Grand Sport Preferred 2LT Man. Trans. |- |S||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Grand Sport Premium 3LT Man. Trans. |- |T||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Grand Sport Custom 4LT Man. Trans. |- |U||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Grand Sport Standard 1LT Auto. Trans. |- |V||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Grand Sport Preferred 2LT Auto. Trans. |- |W||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Grand Sport Premium 3LT Auto. Trans. |- |X||2010-2013 Chevrolet Corvette Grand Sport Custom 4LT Auto. Trans. |- |Y||2013 Chevrolet Corvette 427 Convertible Collector Edition Premium 3LT Man. Trans. |- |Z||2013 Chevrolet Corvette 427 Convertible Collector Edition Custom 4LT Man. Trans. |- |1||2013 Chevrolet Corvette 60th Anniversary Edition Custom 4LT Man. Trans. |- |2||2013 Chevrolet Corvette 60th Anniversary Edition Custom 4LT Auto. Trans. |- |3||2013 Chevrolet Corvette Grand Sport 60th Anniversary Edition Custom 4LT Man. Trans. |- |4||2013 Chevrolet Corvette Grand Sport 60th Anniversary Edition Custom 4LT Auto. Trans. |- |5||2013 Chevrolet Corvette Z06 60th Anniversary Edition Custom 3LZ Man. Trans. |- |6||2013 Chevrolet Corvette ZR1 60th Anniversary Edition Custom 3ZR Man. Trans. |- |7||2013 Chevrolet Corvette 427 Convertible 60th Anniversary Edition Custom 4LT Man. Trans. |- |8||2013 Chevrolet Corvette 427 Convertible Collector Edition Preferred 2LT Man. Trans. |- |rowspan=13|GM Z platform |rowspan=13|Z |- |E||Saturn SC1 (manual transmission 2-Door) 1993-1999 |- |F||Saturn SC1 (automatic transmission 2-Door) 1993-1999, SL (manual transmission) 1991-02 |- |G||Saturn SC (manual transmission) 1991-1992, SC2 (manual transmission 2-Door) 1993-99,<br /> SL1 (manual transmission) 1991-2002, SW1 (manual transmission) 1993-1999 |- |H||Saturn SC (automatic transmission) 1991-92, SC2 (automatic transmission 2-Door) '93-'99,<br /> SL1 (automatic transmission) 1991-02, SW1 (automatic transmission LHD) '93-'99 |- |J||Saturn SL2 (manual transmission) 1991-2002, SW2 (manual transmission) 1993-2001 |- |K||Saturn SL2 (automatic transmission) 1991-2002, SW2 (automatic transmission 1993-1999) |- |M||Saturn SW1 "Postal" [SWP] (automatic transmission RHD) 1999-2001 <br>(Made for US Postal Service rural route mail carriers) |- |N||Saturn SC1 (manual transmission 3-Door) 1999-2002, SW2 (automatic transmission 2000-01) |- |P||Saturn SC1 (automatic transmission 3-Door) 1999-2002 |- |R||Saturn SC2 (manual transmission 3-Door) 1999-2002 |- |S||Saturn SL Spring Special 2002 |- |Y||Saturn SC2 (automatic transmission 3-Door) 1999-2002 |- |rowspan=3|GM Zeta platform (VE) |rowspan=3|E||C||Pontiac G8 GT |- |P||Pontiac G8 GXP |- |R||Pontiac G8 (Base model) |- |rowspan=2|GM Zeta platform (VF) |rowspan=2|F||1||2014-2017 Chevrolet SS w/automatic transmission |- |2||2015-2017 Chevrolet SS w/manual transmission |- |GM Zeta platform (WM) |M||K||2011-2013 Chevrolet Caprice PPV |- |GM Zeta platform (WN) |N||S||2014-2017 Chevrolet Caprice PPV |- |rowspan=19|GM Zeta platform (models formerly on F platform) |rowspan=19|F||A||Chevrolet Camaro ''LS'' automatic transmission 2010-2011, ''2LS'' automatic transmission 2012-2014, ''LS'' manual transmission 2015 |- |B||Chevrolet Camaro ''LT'' automatic transmission 2010-2014, ''2LS'' automatic transmission 2015 |- |C||Chevrolet Camaro ''2LT'' automatic transmission 2010-2014, ''LT'' manual transmission 2015 |- |D||Chevrolet Camaro ''LT'' automatic transmission 2015 |- |E||Chevrolet Camaro ''LS'' manual transmission 2010-2014, ''2LT'' manual transmission 2015 |- |F||Chevrolet Camaro ''LT'' manual transmission 2010-2014, ''2LT'' automatic transmission 2015 |- |G||Chevrolet Camaro ''2LT'' manual transmission 2010-2014, ''SS'' manual transmission 2015 |- |H||Chevrolet Camaro ''SS'' automatic transmission 2015 |- |J||Chevrolet Camaro ''SS'' automatic transmission 2010-2014. Note: Must have "J" in 8th position of VIN. |- |J||Chevrolet Camaro ''ZL1'' automatic transmission 2012. Note: Must have "P" in 8th position of VIN. |- |J||Chevrolet Camaro ''2SS'' manual transmission 2015 |- |K||Chevrolet Camaro ''2SS'' automatic transmission 2010-2015 |- |L||Chevrolet Camaro ''ZL1'' automatic transmission 2013-2014, ''ZL1'' manual transmission 2015 |- |M||Chevrolet Camaro ''ZL1'' automatic transmission 2015 |- |S||Chevrolet Camaro ''SS'' manual transmission 2010-2014. Note: Must have "W" in 8th position of VIN. |- |S||Chevrolet Camaro ''ZL1'' manual transmission 2012. Note: Must have "P" in 8th position of VIN. |- |S||Chevrolet Camaro ''Z/28'' manual transmission 2014. Note: Must have "E" in 8th position of VIN. |- |T||Chevrolet Camaro ''2SS'' manual transmission 2010-2014 |- |Z||Chevrolet Camaro ''ZL1'' manual transmission 2013-2014, ''Z/28'' manual transmission 2015 |- |} RHD= Right-Hand Drive ====Model Line 2010- Passenger Car (Using Vehicle Platforms introduced 2010 or later)==== The Model Line is specified as character four of the American GM VIN for Passenger Cars. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN !Description |- |A||Cadillac ATS 2013-2019 |- |A||Cadillac CTS sedan 2014-2019, CTS V-Series sedan 2016-2019 |- |B||Chevrolet Cruze 2016-2019 |- |C||Chevrolet Spark 2013-2022, Spark EV 2014-2016 |- |D||Cadillac CT4 2020-2026 |- |D||Cadillac CT5 2020- |- |F||Chevrolet Camaro 2016-2024 |- |F||Chevrolet Bolt EV 2017-2023, Bolt EUV 2022-2023, Bolt 2027 |- |G||Buick LaCrosse 2010-2016 |- |G||Buick Regal 2011-2020, Buick Regal TourX 2018-2020 |- |J||Chevrolet Sonic 2016-2020 |- |K||Cadillac CT6 2016-2020 |- |M||Cadillac Celestiq EV 2025- |- |P||Buick Verano 2012-2017 |- |P||Chevrolet Cruze 2011-2015, Cruze Limited 2016 |- |R||Cadillac ELR 2014, 2016 |- |R||Chevrolet Volt 2011-2019 |- |W||Buick Cascada 2016-2019 |- |Y||Chevrolet Corvette 2014- |- |Z||Buick LaCrosse 2017-2019 |- |Z||Chevrolet Malibu 2016-2025 |- |1||Cadillac XTS 2013-2019 |- |1||Chevrolet Impala 2014-2020 |- |1||Chevrolet Malibu 2013-2015, Malibu Limited 2016 |- |} ===Body style codes 1987- Passenger Car=== The Body type is specified as character six of the American GM VIN for passenger cars. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN !Description |- |1||Two-Door Coupe/Sedan |- |2||Two-Door Hatchback |- |3||Two-Door Convertible |- |4||Two-Door Wagon ('91-'92 Geo Storm Hatchback) |- |5||Four-Door Sedan |- |6||Four-Door Hatchback |- |7||Four-Door Hatchback ('89-'90 Geo Prizm hatchback) |- |8||Four-Door Station Wagon |- |9||Four-Door Station Wagon - High Roof Monocab |} ===American restraint types 1987-=== The restraint type is specified as character seven of the American GM VIN for passenger cars. {{center/top}} ====Restraint codes for passenger cars 1987-2009==== {{center/end}} {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN Code !Description |- |1||Active (Manual) belts 1987-1996 |- |2||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front airbags 1992-2005<br />(For '94-'96 Pontiac Grand Prix coupe: Passive (Automatic) belts plus driver and passenger front airbags) |- |3||Active (Manual) belts plus driver side front airbag 1988-1996 <br />(For '94 Geo Prizm: Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front airbags) |- |4||Passive (Automatic) belts 1987-1996 |- |4||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side airbags 1997-2005 |- |4||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side curtain airbags 2006-2009 |- |5||Passive (Automatic) belts plus driver side front airbag 1992-1996 |- |5||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front airbags & driver-side side impact airbag 2000-2005 |- |5||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front airbags & occupant sensor 2006-2009 |- |6||Passive (Automatic) belts plus driver and passenger front airbags 1994-1996 |- |6||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side airbags & occupant sensor 2000-2009 |- |7||Active (Manual) belt driver & Passive (Automatic) belt passenger plus driver and passenger front airbags 1996 |- |7||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side airbags & rear side airbags 2000-2005 |- |7||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & side curtain airbags & occupant sensor 2006-2009 |- |8||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side curtain airbags & occupant sensor 2006-2009 |- |9|| |} {{center/top}} ====Restraint codes for passenger cars 2010-==== {{center/end}} {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN Code !Description |- |D||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side airbags 2010- |- |E||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & side curtain airbags 2010-2017, 2027 |- |F||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side curtain airbags 2010 |- |G||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & rear side & side curtain airbags 2010-2017 |- |N||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & front knee airbags 2016-2019 |- |R||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & side curtain & front knee airbags 2012- |- |S||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & rear side & side curtain & front knee airbags 2011- |- |T||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & front row side curtain airbags 2011 |- |U||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & front row side curtain & front knee airbags 2012-2017 |} {{center/top}} ====Restraint codes for light trucks 2010-==== {{center/end}} {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN Code !Description |- |A||Active (Manual) belts plus driver-side front airbag 2010 |- |B||Active (Manual) belts plus driver-side front airbag 2011- |- |B||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front airbags 2010 |- |C||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front airbags 2011- |- |C||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side airbags 2010 |- |D||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side airbags 2011- |- |D||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front airbags & side curtain airbags for up to 3 rows of seating 2010 |- |E||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & side curtain airbags 2010- |- |F||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front airbags & side curtain airbags for up to 3 rows of seating 2011-2015 |- |F||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side airbags & side curtain airbags for up to 3 rows of seating 2016- |- |H||Active (Manual) belts plus driver-side front airbag & driver-side side-impact airbag & driver-side side curtain airbag 2023-2024 |- |K||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & side curtain & front center airbags 2013- |- |L||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & side curtain & front center & driver-side knee airbags 2017-2023 |- |M||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & side curtain & front center & front knee airbags 2025- |- |R||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & side curtain & front knee airbags 2017- |- |S||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & rear side & side curtain & front knee airbags 2013- |- |T||Active (Manual) belts plus driver-side front airbag & driver- and passenger-side side-impact airbags & side curtain airbags 2023- |- |U||Active (Manual) belts plus driver and passenger front & side & front row side curtain & front knee airbags 2013-2019 |} ===American engine codes 1981-=== GM encodes the engine type in character 8 of the VIN. The following table outlines the various engines encoded there: ====Engine codes for passenger cars==== Warning: Issues with decoding are related to year/model combinations. Each year has a different breakdown for each code along with plants and some model/trim breakdowns over years. Entry: 1985-1988 Pontiac Fiero has a 9 engine code for the 2.8L L44 V6. Entry: 1986-1990 Cadillac Brougham, Oldsmobile 307 CUI vin code Y. {| border=1 style="margin:auto;" !VIN !RPO !Size !Type !Fuel !Valvetrain !Engine Family/Notes/Applications |- |A||LD5||3.8&nbsp;L||V6||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Buick V6. (231 cu. in.) '81 Chevy Camaro (CA), Pontiac Catalina, Firebird, LeMans, Buick Century,<br /> '81-'83 Chevy Malibu (CA), '81-'84 Monte Carlo, Caprice, Impala (CA), '81-'87 Pontiac Grand Prix, Oldsmobile Cutlass/Cutlass Supreme, Buick Regal, '81-'85 Oldsmobile Delta 88, Buick LeSabre,<br /> '81-'86 Pontiac Bonneville, '84 Parisienne |- |A||LG0||2.3&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Oldsmobile Quad 4 H.O. '89-'94 Pontiac Grand Am, '89-'91 Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais, '92-'94 Achieva, '90 Cutlass Supreme, '90-'94 Chevy Beretta |- |A||LH2||4.6&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 32 valve||Cadillac Northstar V8 (For RWD) (Premium V). '04-'09 Cadillac XLR, '05-'10 Cadillac STS |- |A||LCV||2.5&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen III. VVT. '13 Chevy Malibu, '16 Malibu Limited, '16-'19 Impala,<br /> '13-'16 Cadillac ATS |- |A||LV7||1.4&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Small Gasoline Engine. VVT. Made in Changwon, S. Korea. '16-'22 Chevy Spark. |- |B||LG2||3.8&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Buick V6. '86 Oldsmobile 98, Toronado, Buick Electra, Riviera. |- |B||L26||4.9&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||OHV||Cadillac High Technology V8.<br /> '91-'93 Cadillac Eldorado, Seville, '91-'95 DeVille, '91-'92 Fleetwood, '91-'93 Sixty Special |- |B||LE5||2.4&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. '06-'08 Chevy Cobalt, '06-'07 Saturn Ion, '06-'10 Pontiac G6, Solstice,<br /> '07-'08 Pontiac G5, '07-'10 Saturn Sky, '08-'09 Saturn Aura, '08-'10 Chevy Malibu |- |B||LUV||1.4L||I4 Turbo||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port fuel injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Family 0 Engine, Gen III. VVT. '12-'20 Chevy Sonic, '13-'15 Chevy Cruze, '16 Cruze Limited |- |C||L17||1.6&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||Isuzu G161Z engine made by GM in US. '82-'87 Chevy Chevette, Pontiac T1000/1000 |- |C||LN3||3.8&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||OHV||Buick V6 (3800). '88-'90 Oldsmobile 98, Toronado, Buick Electra, Riviera, Reatta, <br /> '88-'91 Buick LeSabre, Oldsmobile Delta 88/Eighty Eight, Pontiac Bonneville |- |C||L47||4.0&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 32 valve||Oldsmobile Aurora V8 (Premium V). Oldsmobile Aurora '95-'99, Aurora 4.0 '01-'03 |- |C||LS4||5.3 L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. Active Fuel Management.<br /> Transversely mounted for FWD. '05-'08 Pontiac Grand Prix GXP, '06-'07 Chevy Monte Carlo SS,<br /> '06-'09 Chevy Impala SS, '08-'09 Buick LaCrosse Super. |- |C||LAF||2.4&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen II. VVT. Buick LaCrosse '10-'11, Regal '11. |- |C||LUJ||1.4L||I4 Turbo||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port fuel injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Family 0 Engine, Gen III. VVT. Early production engines were made in Aspern, Austria; later made in Flint, MI. '12 Chevy Cruze |- |D||LJ5||1.8&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Indirect injection Diesel||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||Isuzu 4FB1 diesel engine imported from Japan. '81-'86 Chevy Chevette |- |D||LD2||2.3&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Oldsmobile Quad 4. '88-'95 Pontiac Grand Am, '88-'91 Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais, '92-'95 Achieva,<br /> '88-'91 &'95 Buick Skylark, '90-'91 Pontiac Grand Prix, Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme,<br /> '95 Chevy Cavalier, Pontiac Sunfire |- |D||LC3||4.4&nbsp;L||V8 Supercharged||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port point injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 32 valve||Cadillac Northstar V8 (Premium V). '06-'09 Cadillac XLR V-Series, Cadillac STS V-Series |- |E||LK9||3.0&nbsp;L||V6||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Buick V6. '82-'85 Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera, Buick Century, '85 Oldsmobile 98, Buick Electra |- |E||LA1||3.4&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port point injection|SFI||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6. '99-'05 Grand Am, '99-'04 Alero, '00-'05 Impala, Monte Carlo |- |E||L03||5.0&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8 (305 cu. in.). '88-'92 Camaro/Firebird, '89-'93 Chevy Caprice,<br /> '91 Buick Roadmaster Estate wagon, '91-'92 Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser, Cadillac Brougham. |- |E||LXV||1.6&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Family 1 Gen 3 engine. W/VVT. '09-'11 Chevy Aveo, '09 Pontiac G3 |- |E||LS7||7.0&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port point injection|SFI||OHV||Gen IV Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> '06-'13 Corvette Z06, '13 Corvette 427, '14-'15 Camaro Z/28 |- |E||LH7||1.6&nbsp;L||I4 Turbo||Direct injection <br /> Common-rail Diesel||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Medium Diesel engine ("Whisper Diesel"). Made by Opel in Szentgotthárd, Hungary.<br /> Aluminum Block & Heads. '17-'19 Chevy Cruze Diesel. |- |F||LV8||4.3&nbsp;L||V8||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Oldsmobile "Rocket" V8 (260 cu. in.) '81 Oldsmobile Cutlass, Delta 88. |- |F||L61||2.2&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen I. '00-'04 Saturn L-Series, '02-'05 Chevy Cavalier, Pontiac Sunfire, Grand Am,<br /> '02-'04 Oldsmobile Alero, '03-'06 Saturn Ion, '04-'06 Chevy Malibu, '05-'06 Chevy Cobalt |- |F||L61||2.2&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen II. '07-'08 Chevy Cobalt, Malibu, Pontiac G5, '07 Saturn Ion. |- |F||LB9||5.0&nbsp;L||V8||Tuned-port fuel injection|TPI||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8. (305 cu. in.). '85-'92 Chevy Camaro, Pontiac Firebird. |- |G||L46||1.8&nbsp;L||I4||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Chevrolet "122" engine. '82 J-cars. |- |G||L69||5.0&nbsp;L||V8||4 Barrel Quadrajet Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8 (High Output 5.0L). (305 cu. in.)<br /> '84-'86 Camaro/Firebird, '84-'88 Chevy Monte Carlo SS |- |G||LM3||2.2&nbsp;L||I4||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||OHV||Chevrolet "122" engine. '90-'91 Chevy Cavalier & Corsica/Beretta. |- |G||LS1||5.7&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||OHV||Gen III Chevy Small-Block V8. (346 cu. in.) Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> '97-'04 Corvette, '98-'02 Camaro/Firebird, '04 Pontiac GTO |- |G||LF1||3.0L||V6||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. VVT. 2010 Buick LaCrosse, Cadillac CTS |- |G||LWE||1.8&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port fuel injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Family 1 engine, Gen III. VVT. PZEV emissions.<br /> '13-'15 Chevy Cruze, '16 Cruze Limited, '13-'18 Sonic. |- |H||LG4||5.0&nbsp;L||V8||4 Barrel Quadrajet Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8. (305 cu. in.) '81-'87 F-bodies, '81-'83 Chevy Malibu, '81-'85 Impala,<br /> '81-'88 Caprice, Monte Carlo, '83-'86 Pontiac Bonneville, Parisienne, '83-'87 Grand Prix |- |H||LE4||2.0&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||GM Family II engine. Made in Brazil. '92-'94 Pontiac Sunbird. |- |H||LX5||3.5&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||Oldsmobile "Shortstar" V6 (Premium V). Oldsmobile Intrigue '99-'02, Aurora 3.5 '01-'02. |- |H||LAP||2.2&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. '09 Chevy Cobalt, Pontiac G5. |- |H||LUW||1.8&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port fuel injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Family 1 engine, Gen III. VVT. '11-'15 Chevy Cruze, '16 Cruze Limited, '12-'18 Sonic. |- |J||L39||4.4&nbsp;L||V8||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8 (267 cu. in.) '81-'82 Chevy Caprice, Impala, Malibu, Monte Carlo,<br /> '81 Chevy Camaro |- |J||LA5||1.8&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4 Turbo||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||GM Family II engine. Made in Brazil. '84-'86 Pontiac Sunbird, Buick Skyhawk. |- |J||LT5||5.7&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 32 valve||Based on Chevy Small-Block V8. Designed with Lotus Engineering.<br /> Made by Mercury Marine. Aluminum Block & Heads. '90-'95 Corvette ZR-1 |- |J||LG8||3.1&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6. Gen III. 3100. '99-'03 Chevy Malibu, '99 Oldsmobile Cutlass, '00-'01 Chevy Lumina,<br /> '00-'03 Pontiac Grand Prix SE, '00-'05 Buick Century |- |J||L99||6.2&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Gen IV Chevy Small-Block V8. VVT. With Active Fuel Management. Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> '10-'15 Camaro SS (auto. trans.) |- |J||LTA||4.2&nbsp;L||V8 Twin Turbo||Direct injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 32 valve||Cadillac Blackwing V8. VVT. '19-'20 Cadillac CT6 Platinum & V-series |- |K||LC3||3.8&nbsp;L||V6||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived). 229 cu. in. <br /> '81-'82 Malibu, Monte Carlo, Impala, Caprice, '81 Camaro. |- |K||LC5||1.5&nbsp;L||I4||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||Isuzu 4XC1 engine. '85 Chevrolet Spectrum. |- |K||LT2||2.0&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||GM Family II engine. Made in Brazil.<br /> '87-'91 Pontiac Sunbird, '87-'88 Oldsmobile Firenza, Buick Skyhawk. |- |K||LT2||2.0&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||GM Family II engine. Made in Australia by Holden.<br /> '89-'90 Pontiac LeMans GSE Aerocoupe, '89 LeMans SE sedan |- |K||L36||3.8&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Buick V6 (3800 Series II). '95-'05: Various W-, H-, C-, & G-body models. '95-'02 Camaro/Firebird. |- |K||LZE||3.5L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||GM High Value 60° V6. 3510cc. VVT. Flex-Fuel E85 compatible.<br /> '06-'07 Chevy Monte Carlo, '06-'11 Chevy Impala, '09-'10 Chevy Malibu, Pontiac G6 |- |K||LEA||2.4&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||E85 Flex Fuel. GM Ecotec engine, Gen II. VVT. Buick Regal, Verano '12-'17 (except '13 Regal). |- |K||LSY||2.0&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4 Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen III. Active Fuel Management. VVT. VVL.<br /> '19 Cadillac CT6, '20+ Cadillac CT4, CT5 |- |L||LM1||5.7&nbsp;L||V8||4 Barrel Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8.<br> '81 Camaro Z28 (only w/auto. trans. in US), '81-'82 Impala 9C1 Police, '81 Malibu 9C1 Police |- |L||LL1||2.8&nbsp;L||V6||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6 H.O. (longitudinally mounted). '83-'84 Pontiac Firebird. |- |L||LN7||3.0&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||OHV||Buick V6. '85-'87 Pontiac Grand Am, '85-'88 Oldsmobile & Buick N-bodies,<br /> '86 Oldsmobile Delta 88, Buick LeSabre |- |L||L27||3.8&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Tuned port injection|TPI||OHV||Buick V6 (3800 Series I). '90-'95 Buick Regal, '91-'94 Oldsmobile 98, Buick Park Avenue, '91 Reatta, '91-'93 Riviera, '91-'92 Oldsmobile Toronado, '92-'95 Buick LeSabre, '92-'94 Pontiac Bonneville, Oldsmobile 88 |- |L||LNK||1.8&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Sequential multi-port injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Toyota 2ZZ-GE engine. VVTL-i. '03-'06 Pontiac Vibe GT |- |L||LKW||2.5&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen III. VVT. VVL. '14-'15 Chevy Malibu, Impala |- |L||L3B||2.7L||I4 Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM L3B Tripower engine. VVT, VVL. Active Fuel Management. '20+ Cadillac CT4, CT4-V |- |M||LY9||1.0&nbsp;L||Straight-3|I3||2BBL||SOHC,<br /> 6 valve ||Suzuki G10A engine. '85 Chevrolet Sprint |- |M||LT3||2.0&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4 Turbo||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||GM Family II engine. Made in Brazil.<br /> '87-'90 Pontiac Sunbird, '87 Buick Skyhawk T-Type, '87-'89 Pontiac Grand Am SE. |- |M||L82||3.1&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi Port Fuel injection|SFI||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6 (transversely mounted). Gen III. 3100. '93-'97 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme,<br /> '94-'98 Pontiac Grand Am, Oldsmobile Achieva, Buick Skylark, '94-'99 Pontiac Grand Prix,<br /> '94-'96 Chevy Corsica/Beretta, Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera, Buick Regal, '94-'99 Century,<br /> '95-'99 Chevy Lumina, Monte Carlo, '97-'99 Chevy Malibu, Oldsmobile Cutlass |- |M||LY9||2.6&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||Opel 54° V6 engine (Made in the UK). Euro-market Cadillac CTS '03-'04. |- |M||LGD||3.9L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi Port Fuel injection|SFI||OHV||E85 Flex Fuel. GM High Value 60° V6. VVT. '09-'11 Chevy Impala, Buick Lucerne |- |M||LE2||1.4&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4 Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Small Gasoline Engine. VVT. '16-'19 Chevy Cruze. |- |N||LF9||5.7&nbsp;L||V8||Indirect injection Diesel||OHV||Oldsmobile Diesel V8. '81-'85 Chevy Caprice, Impala, '82-'83 Malibu, '82-'84 Monte Carlo,<br /> '81-'84 Pontiac Grand Prix, Bonneville, '81 Catalina, '83-'85 Parisienne,<br /> '81-'84 Oldsmobile 98, '81-'85 Cutlass/Cutlass Supreme, Delta 88, Custom Cruiser, Toronado,<br /> '81-'83 Buick Electra, '81-'85 LeSabre, Electra Estate wagon, Riviera, '82-'83 Regal,<br /> '81-'84 Cadillac DeVille, '81-'85 Fleetwood Brougham, Eldorado, Seville |- |N||LG7||3.3&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||OHV||Buick V6 (3300). '89-'93 Buick Century, Skylark, Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera, '89-'91 Cutlass Calais,<br /> '92-'93 Achieva, Pontiac Grand Am. |- |N||LA3||3.2&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||Opel 54° V6 engine (Made in the UK). '03-'04 Cadillac CTS |- |N||LZ4||3.5L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||GM High Value 60° V6. 3510cc. VVT. '06-'07 Chevy Monte Carlo, '06-'10 Chevy Impala,<br /> '07-'10 Chevy Malibu, Pontiac G6, '07-'08 Saturn Aura |- |N||LFR||3.6L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||(Bi-Fuel Gas/CNG). GM High Feature V6. '15-'17 Chevy Impala Bi-Fuel |- |P||LQ5||2.0&nbsp;L||I4||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||OHV||Chevrolet "122" engine. '83-'86 J-cars ('83-'84 for Pontiac). |- |P||LT1||5.7&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Gen II Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Heads: '92-'96 Corvette, '93-'97 Camaro/Firebird.<br /> Iron Heads: '94-'96 Chevy Caprice, Impala SS, Buick Roadmaster, Cadillac Fleetwood. |- |P||LSJ||2.0&nbsp;L||SC Straight-4|I4 Supercharged||Fuel injection#Sequential central point injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen I. Made by Opel in Kaiserslautern, Germany.<br /> '04-'07 Saturn Ion Red Line, '05-'07 Chevy Cobalt SS Supercharged. |- |P||LSA||6.2&nbsp;L||V8 Supercharged||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Gen IV Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> Cadillac CTS V-Series '09-'15, Camaro ZL1 '12-'15 |- |P||LF4||3.6L||V6 Twin Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. Cadillac CT4-V Blackwing '22+ |- |R||LR8||2.5L||I4||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||OHV||Pontiac Iron Duke/Tech IV engine. Transversely mounted. '82-'85 Chevy Citation, Buick Skylark,<br /> '82-'84 Pontiac Phoenix, Oldsmobile Omega, '82-'90 Chevy Celebrity, '82-'91 Pontiac 6000,<br /> '82-'92 Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera, Buick Century, '84-'88 Pontiac Fiero, '90-'92 Chevy Lumina |- |R||L81||3.0&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||Opel 54° V6 engine (Made in the UK). '97-'01 Cadillac Catera, '00-'05 Saturn L-Series |- |R||LZ8||3.9L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi Port Fuel injection|SFI||OHV||GM High Value 60° V6. VVT. Active Fuel Management. '07 Chevy Impala |- |R||LS9||6.2&nbsp;L||V8 Supercharged||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Gen IV Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. '09 Corvette ZR1. |- |R||LUK||2.4L||I4||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Mild Hybrid. GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. '12-'16 Buick LaCrosse eAssist, Regal eAssist,<br /> '13-'14 Chevy Malibu Eco, '14 Chevy Impala Eco |- |S||LS5||4.3&nbsp;L||V8||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Pontiac V8. 265 cu. in.<br /> '81 Pontiac Bonneville, Catalina, Firebird, Grand Prix, LeMans, Buick Century, Regal. |- |S||LU5||5.0&nbsp;L||V8||Cross-Fire fuel injection|CFI||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8. (305 cu. in.) '83 Camaro, Firebird. Dual throttle-body fuel injection. |- |S||LB8||2.8&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi Port Fuel injection|MPFi||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6 (longitudinally mounted). '85-'89 Chevy Camaro, Pontiac Firebird. |- |S||L32||3.4&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi Port Fuel injection|MPFi||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6 (longitudinally mounted). '93-'95 Chevy Camaro, Pontiac Firebird. |- |S||LS6||5.7&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi Port injection|SFI||OHV||Gen III Chevy Small-Block V8. (346 cu. in.) Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> '01-'04 Corvette Z06, '04-'05 Cadillac CTS V-Series |- |S||LGX||3.6L||V6||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6, 4th gen. VVT. Active Fuel Management. '16-'19 Cadillac ATS, CTS, '16-'20 CT6, '16-'24 Chevrolet Camaro, '17-'19 Buick LaCrosse, '18–'20 Buick Regal GS |- |T||LU8||4.9&nbsp;L||V8 Turbo||4 Barrel Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Pontiac V8. 301 cu. in. '81 Pontiac Firebird Formula & Trans Am. |- |T||LT7||4.3&nbsp;L||V6||Indirect injection Diesel||OHV||Oldsmobile Diesel V6. FWD version for '82-'85 GM A-bodies. |- |T||LS2||4.3&nbsp;L||V6||Indirect injection Diesel||OHV||Oldsmobile Diesel V6. FWD version for '85 GM C-bodies. |- |T||LH0||3.1&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi Port Fuel injection|MPFi||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6 (longitudinally mounted). '90-'92 Chevy Camaro, Pontiac Firebird. |- |T||LH0||3.1&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi Port Fuel injection|MPFi||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6 (transversely mounted). Gen II. '88-'91 Pontiac 6000,<br /> '89-'93 Grand Prix, Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme, Buick Regal, '90-'94 Chevy Cavalier, Lumina,<br /> '91-'94 Pontiac Sunbird, '90-'93 Chevy Corsica/Beretta, '90 Celebrity |- |T||LD9||2.4&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Oldsmobile Quad 4 ("2.4 Twin Cam"). '96-'01 Pontiac Grand Am, '96-'97 Oldsmobile Achieva, Buick Skylark, '99-'01 Oldsmobile Alero, '97-'99 Chevy Malibu, '96-'02 Chevy Cavalier, Pontiac Sunfire |- |T||LP1||2.8&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. '05-'07 Cadillac CTS |- |T||LS9||6.2&nbsp;L||V8 Supercharged||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Gen IV Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. '10-'13 Corvette ZR1. |- |T||LFV||1.5L||I4 Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Small Gasoline Engine. VVT. '16-'25 Chevy Malibu. |- |U||L68||2.5L||I4||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||OHV||Pontiac Iron Duke/Tech IV engine. Transversely mounted. '85-'91 N-bodies |- |U||LS2||6.0&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port fuel injection|SFI||OHV||Gen IV Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> '05-'07 Corvette, '05-'06 Pontiac GTO, '06-'07 Cadillac CTS V-Series |- |U||LE9||2.4&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen II. E85 Flex-Fuel. 2011-12 Chevy Malibu. |- |U||LKN||1.8L||I4||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Full Hybrid. GM Medium Gasoline Engine. VVT. Made in Szentgotthárd, Hungary.<br> '16-'19 Chevy Malibu Hybrid |- |V||LT6||4.3&nbsp;L||V6||Indirect injection Diesel||OHV||Oldsmobile Diesel V6. RWD version.<br /> '82-'83 Chevy Malibu, Monte Carlo, '82-'85 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme, Buick Regal |- |V||LG5||3.1&nbsp;L||V6 Turbo||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MPFI||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6. Gen II. Intercooled. (ASC/McLaren modified).<br /> '89-'90 Pontiac Grand Prix Turbo coupe, '90 Grand Prix STE Turbo sedan |- |V||LLT||3.6L||V6||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. '08-'11 Cadillac CTS, STS, '10-'11 Chevrolet Camaro, Buick LaCrosse |- |V||LHU||2.0&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4 Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||E85 Flex Fuel (N/A on Regal GS). GM Ecotec engine, Gen II. VVT.<br /> Buick Regal '11-'13, Verano '13-'16. |- |W||L37||4.9&nbsp;L||V8||4 Barrel Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Pontiac V8. 301 cu. in. '81 Pontiac Firebird, LeMans Safari wagon. |- |W||LB6||2.8&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||OHV||Gen I/II Chevrolet 60° V6 (transversely mounted). '85 Chevy Citation, Buick Skylark,<br /> '85-'89 Chevy Cavalier, Celebrity, Pontiac 6000, '85-'88 Cadillac Cimarron,<br /> '85-'87 Oldsmobile Firenza, '86-'89 Cutlass Ciera, '87-'88 Buick Century, '87-'89 Chevy Corsica/Beretta, '88-'89 Pontiac Grand Prix, Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme, Buick Regal |- |W||L64||3.1&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||OHV||Flex-fuel: Gas/M85 or Gas/E85 (2 versions). Gen II Chevrolet 60° V6. '93 Chevy Lumina VFV |- |W||L99||4.3&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Gen II Chevy Small-Block V8. '94-'96 Chevy Caprice. |- |W||LS3||6.2&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Gen IV Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> '08-'13 Corvette, '10-'15 Camaro SS (man. trans.), '09 Pontiac G8 GXP, '14-'17 Chevy SS |- |W||LGY||3.0L||V6 Twin Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6, 4th gen. VVT. Active Fuel Management. '20+ Cadillac CT5, CT5-V |- |X||LE2||2.8&nbsp;L||V6||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6 (transversely mounted). '81-'85 Chevy Citation, Buick Skylark,<br /> '81-'84 Pontiac Phoenix, Oldsmobile Omega, '82-'86 Chevy Celebrity, Pontiac 6000,<br /> '86 Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera, Buick Century |- |X||LQ1||3.4&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MPFI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||Chevrolet 60° V6 ("Twin Dual Cam V6"). '91-'97 Chevy Lumina, '95-'97 Chevy Monte Carlo,<br /> '91-'96 Pontiac Grand Prix, Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme |- |X||LNF||2.0&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4 Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen II. VVT.<br /> '07-'10 Pontiac Solstice GXP, Saturn Sky Red Line, '08-'10 Chevy Cobalt SS Turbo. |- |X||LTG||2.0&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4 Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen III. VVT. '13-'22 Chevy Malibu, '13-'19 Cadillac ATS, '14-'20 Buick Regal,<br /> '14-'19 Cadillac CTS, '16-'23 Chevy Camaro, '16-'18 Cadillac CT6. |- |X||LTG||2.0&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4 Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Plug-in hybrid. GM Ecotec engine, Gen III. VVT. '17-'18 Cadillac CT6 PHEV. (VIN starts with LRE) |- |Y||LV2||5.0&nbsp;L||V8||4 Barrel Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Oldsmobile "Rocket" V8 (307 cu. in.) '86-'90 Chevy Caprice wagon, '87 Caprice sedan (Can.),<br /> '81 Pontiac Bonneville, Catalina, '86 Parisienne, '87-'89 Safari wagon, '81-'84 Oldsmobile 98,<br /> '81-'85 Delta 88, Toronado, '81-'90 Custom Cruiser, '81 Cutlass Cruiser, '82-'87 Cutlass Supreme,<br /> '88 Cutlass Supreme Classic, '81-'84 Buick Electra, '85-'89 Electra Estate wagon,<br /> '81-'85 LeSabre, Riviera, '86-'89 LeSabre Estate wagon, '90 Estate wagon, '86-'87 Regal,<br /> '86 Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham, '87-'90 Brougham |- |Y||LD8||4.6&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 32 valve||Cadillac Northstar V8 (Torque tuned FWD) (Premium V). '93-'02 Cadillac Eldorado,<br /> '94-'04 Cadillac Seville SLS, '94-'05 Cadillac DeVille, '06-'11 Cadillac DTS,<br /> '04-'05 Pontiac Bonneville GXP, '06-'08 Buick Lucerne |- |Y||L76||6.0&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port fuel injection|SFI||OHV||Gen IV Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. With Active Fuel Management.<br /> '08-'09 Pontiac G8 GT. |- |Y||LF1||3.0L||V6||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. VVT. 2011 Cadillac CTS |- |Y||LF4||3.6L||V6 Twin Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. Cadillac ATS-V '16-'19 |- |Z||LH7||2.8&nbsp;L||V6||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6 (transversely mounted). H.O. '81-'84 Chevy Citation, '82-'84 Pontiac Phoenix, Oldsmobile Omega ES, Buick Skylark, '83-'84 Pontiac 6000 STE, '84 Chevy Celebrity |- |Z||LB4||4.3L||V6||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||OHV||Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived). '85 Chevy Impala, '85-'90 Caprice,<br /> '92-'93 Caprice 9C6 taxi, '85-'88 Monte Carlo, '85-'86 Pontiac Parisienne, '86-'87 Grand Prix,<br> '86 Bonneville. |- |Z||LAT||2.4L||I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Mild Hybrid. GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. '10 Chevy Malibu Hybrid |- |Z||LUZ||2.0&nbsp;L||I4 Turbo||Direct injection <br /> Common-rail Diesel||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Family B Diesel (Based on Fiat JTD engine). Made by Opel in Kaiserslautern, Germany.<br /> Iron Block, Aluminum Heads. '14-'15 Chevy Cruze Diesel. |- |1||LC1||2.8&nbsp;L||V6||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6 (longitudinally mounted). '82-'84 Camaro/Firebird. |- |1||LL8||2.0&nbsp;L||I4||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||OHV||Chevrolet "122" engine. '87-'89 Chevy/Olds/Buick J-cars & Chevy L-cars. |- |1||L67||3.8&nbsp;L||V6 Supercharged||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Buick V6 (3800 Supercharged Series I). '91-'95 Buick Park Avenue Ultra,<br /> '92-'95 Pontiac Bonneville, Oldsmobile 98, '95 Buick Riviera, Oldsmobile LSS |- |1||L67||3.8&nbsp;L||V6 Supercharged||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Buick V6 (3800 Supercharged Series II). '96-'05 Buick Park Avenue Ultra,<br /> '96-'99 Buick Riviera, Oldsmobile LSS, '96-'03 Pontiac Bonneville, '97-'03 Grand Prix,<br /> '97-'04 Buick Regal, '04-'05 Chevy Impala SS, Monte Carlo SS Supercharged |- |1||LZ9||3.9L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||GM High Value 60° V6. VVT.<br /> '06-'07 Chevy Malibu SS, '06-'09 Pontiac G6, '06 Chevy Monte Carlo, Impala, '09-'10 Buick Lucerne |- |1||2H0||1.8&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port fuel injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Family 1 engine, Gen III. VVT. Made in Szentgotthárd, Hungary. '08 (& '09 in Canada) Saturn Astra |- |1||LE5||2.4&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. '11 & some '12 Chevy Malibu w/LE5 engine. |- |2||LQ9||2.5L||I4||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||OHV||Pontiac Iron Duke/Tech IV engine. Longitudinally mounted. '82-'85 Camaro/Firebird. |- |2||LS3||1.0&nbsp;L||Straight-3|I3 Turbo||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||SOHC,<br /> 6 valve ||Suzuki G10T engine. '87-'88 Chevrolet Sprint Turbo |- |2||LY8||1.3&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||SOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Suzuki G13BB engine. '98-'01 Chevrolet Metro |- |2||L26||3.8&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Buick V6 (3800 Series III). '04-'08 Pontiac Grand Prix, '05-'09 Buick LaCrosse, '06-'08 Buick Lucerne |- |2||L77||6.0&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port fuel injection|SFI||OHV||Gen IV Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. With Active Fuel Management.<br /> E85 Flex Fuel. '11-'17 Chevy Caprice PPV. |- |3||LC8||3.8&nbsp;L||V6|V6 Turbo||4 Barrel Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Buick V6. 231 cu. in. '81-'82 Buick Regal, Riviera, '81 Chevy Monte Carlo. |- |3||LG3||3.8&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#(Sequential) Multi-port injection|MFI/SFI||OHV||Buick V6. '84-'88 Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera, Buick Century, '85 & '87 Oldsmobile 98, Buick Electra,<br /> '86-'88 Oldsmobile Delta 88, Buick LeSabre, '87 Oldsmobile Toronado, Buick Riviera,<br /> '87-'88 Pontiac Bonneville. |- |3||LW2||4.5&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||OHV||Cadillac High Technology V8. '90 Cadillac DeVille/Fleetwood/Sixty Special/Eldorado/Seville. |- |3||L40||2.3&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||Oldsmobile Quad 4 ("Quad OHC"). '92-'94 Pontiac Grand Am, Oldsmobile Achieva, Buick Skylark |- |3||LZG||3.9L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi Port Fuel injection|SFI||OHV||E85 Flex Fuel. GM High Value 60° V6. VVT. Active Fuel Management. '08 Chevy Impala |- |3||LFX||3.6L||V6||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. VVT. E85 Flex Fuel.<br /> '12-'16 Buick LaCrosse, '12-'15 Chevrolet Camaro, Cadillac CTS, '12-'17 Chevrolet Caprice PPV,<br /> '12-'20 Chevrolet Impala, '14-'16 Chevrolet Impala Limited, '13-'15 Cadillac ATS, '13-'19 Cadillac XTS |- |3||LT6||5.5&nbsp;L||V8||Direct injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 32 valve||Chevrolet Gemini Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. Flat-plane crank. VVT.<br /> For mid-engine C8 Corvette Z06 '23+. |- |4||LC4||4.1&nbsp;L||V6|V6||4 Barrel Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Buick V6. '81-'84 Buick LeSabre, Electra, Riviera, Oldsmobile Toronado, '81-'82 Cadillac DeVille, Fleetwood Brougham, Eldorado, Seville, '81-'83 Oldsmobile 98, '82-'84 Buick Regal,<br /> '82 Pontiac Grand Prix, Bonneville G |- |4||LC9||1.6&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||Toyota 4A-C engine. '85-'88 Chevy Nova |- |4||LN2||2.2&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#(Sequential) Multi-port injection|MPI/SFI||OHV||Chevrolet "122" engine. '92-'02 Cavalier, '95-'02 Sunfire, '92-'96 Corsica/Beretta, '93 Lumina,<br /> '93-'96 Cutlass Ciera, Century. |- |4||L32||3.8&nbsp;L||V6 Supercharged||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Buick V6 (3800 Supercharged Series III). '04-'07 Pontiac Grand Prix |- |4||LUU||1.4L||I4||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port fuel injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Family 0 Engine, Gen III. VVT. ([[w:EREV|Range extender]]). Early production engines were made in Aspern, Austria; later made in Flint, MI. '11-'15 Chevy Volt, '14 & '16 Cadillac ELR. |- |4||LT2||6.2&nbsp;L||V8||Direct injection|DI||OHV||Gen V Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. Active Fuel Management. VVT.<br /> For mid-engine C8 Corvette Stingray '20+. |- |4||LT2||6.2&nbsp;L||V8||Direct injection|DI||OHV||Full Hybrid. Gen V Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. Active Fuel Management. VVT.<br /> For mid-engine C8 Corvette E-Ray '24+. |- |5||LW9||2.5L||I4||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Pontiac Iron Duke engine. '81 Chevy Citation, Pontiac Phoenix, Oldsmobile Omega, Buick Skylark. |- |5||LR6||4.5&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI (DFI)||OHV||Cadillac High Technology V8. '88-'89 Cadillac DeVille/Fleetwood/Sixty Special/Eldorado/Seville. |- |5||LY9||1.0&nbsp;L||Straight-3|I3||2BBL||SOHC,<br /> 6 valve ||Suzuki G10A engine. '86 Chevrolet Sprint |- |5||LM9||1.0&nbsp;L||Straight-3|I3||2BBL||SOHC,<br /> 6 valve ||Suzuki G10A engine. '87-'88 Chevrolet Sprint |- |5||LW0||1.6&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Toyota 4A-GE engine. '88 Chevy Nova Twin Cam, '90-'92 Geo Prizm GSi |- |5||LW0||1.6&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Isuzu 4XE1-UW engine. '90-'91 Geo Storm GSi |- |5||LT4||5.7&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Gen II Chevy Small-Block V8. '96 Corvette (man. trans.) |- |5||LAT||2.4L||I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Mild Hybrid. GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. '07-'09 Saturn Aura Green Line, '08-'09 Chevy Malibu Hybrid |- |5||LAP||2.2&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. '10 Chevy Cobalt. |- |5||LFW||3.0L||V6||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. VVT. '12-'13 Cadillac CTS, '14 CTS wagon |- |5||L3A||1.5L||I4||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Small Gasoline Engine. VVT. ([[w:EREV|Range extender]]). '16-'19 Chevy Volt. |- |5||LWC||1.6L||I4 Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Medium Gasoline Engine, H.O. VVT. Made in Szentgotthárd, Hungary. '16-'19 Buick Cascada |- |6||L81||5.7&nbsp;L||V8||4 Barrel Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8. '81 Corvette |- |6||LM1||5.7&nbsp;L||V8||4 Barrel Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8. '83-'85 Impala 9C1 Police, '86-'88 Caprice 9C1 Police |- |6||L73||1.6&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||GM Family 1 engine. Made in South Korea by Daewoo. '88-'93 Pontiac LeMans |- |6||LP2||1.0&nbsp;L||Straight-3|I3||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||SOHC,<br /> 6 valve ||Suzuki G10A engine. '89-'97 Geo Metro, '98-'00 Chevrolet Metro |- |6||L01||1.6&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Toyota 4A-FE engine. '89-'97 Geo Prizm base/LSi |- |6||L01||1.6&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||SOHC,<br /> 12 valve||Isuzu 4XE1-V engine. '90-'93 Geo Storm (base model) |- |6||L42||2.2&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen I (Bi-Fuel Gas/CNG). '03-'04 Chevy Cavalier |- |6||L91||1.6&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||E-TEC II. '04-'07 Chevy Aveo |- |6||LXT||1.6&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||E-TEC II. '08 Chevy Aveo |- |6||LGW||3.0L||V6 Twin Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6, 4th gen. VVT. Active Fuel Management. '16-'19 Cadillac CT6 |- |6||LT4||6.2&nbsp;L||V8 Supercharged||Direct injection|DI||OHV||Gen V Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. With Active Fuel Management. VVT.<br /> '15-'19 Corvette Z06, '17-'24 Camaro ZL1, '16-'19 Cadillac CTS V-Series,<br /> '22+ Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing |- |7||LU5||5.0&nbsp;L||V8||Cross-Fire fuel injection|CFI||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8. (305 cu. in.) '82 Camaro, Firebird. Dual throttle-body fuel injection. |- |7||L69||5.0&nbsp;L||V8||4 Barrel Quadrajet Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8 (High Output 5.0L). (305 cu. in.). '83 F-cars, '83 Chevy Monte Carlo SS |- |7||LC5||1.5&nbsp;L||I4||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||Isuzu 4XC1 engine. '86-'88 Chevrolet Spectrum, '89 Geo Spectrum. |- |7||LC2||3.8&nbsp;L||V6|V6 Turbo||Fuel injection#Sequential multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Intercooled. Buick V6. '86-'87 Buick Regal. '89 Pontiac 20th Anniversary Turbo Trans Am |- |7||LC7||4.1&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||OHV||Cadillac High Technology V8. '87-'88 Cadillac Allante. |- |7||L05||5.7&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8. '89-'93 Chevy Caprice (police only for '89-'91),<br /> '92-'93 Buick Roadmaster, '92 Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser, '90-'92 Cadillac Brougham, '93 Fleetwood. |- |7||LL0||1.9&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Saturn I4 engine. '91-'02 Saturn S-Series |- |7||LY7||3.6&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. VVT. '04-'09 Cadillac CTS, '05-'07 STS, '05-'08 Buick LaCrosse,<br /> '07-'09 Pontiac G6, Saturn Aura, '08-'09 Pontiac G8, '08-'12 Chevy Malibu |- |7||LT1||6.2&nbsp;L||V8||Direct injection|DI||OHV||Gen V Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. With Active Fuel Management. VVT.<br /> '14-'19 Corvette, '16-'24 Camaro SS |- |7||LT7||5.5&nbsp;L||V8 Twin Turbo||Port/Direct injection||DOHC,<br /> 32 valve||Chevrolet Gemini Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. Flat-plane crank. VVT.<br /> For mid-engine C8 Corvette ZR1 '25+. (1,064 hp) |- |7||LT7||5.5&nbsp;L||V8 Twin Turbo||Port/Direct injection||DOHC,<br /> 32 valve||Full Hybrid. Chevrolet Gemini Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. Flat-plane crank. VVT.<br /> For mid-engine C8 Corvette ZR1X '26+. (1,250 hp) |- |8||LV8||4.3&nbsp;L||V8||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Oldsmobile "Rocket" V8 (260 cu. in.) '82 Oldsmobile Cutlass, Delta 88. |- |8||LT8||4.1&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI (DFI)||OHV||Cadillac High Technology V8. '82-'87 Cadillac DeVille, Eldorado, Seville, '82-'85 Fleetwood Brougham, '85-'87 Fleetwood, '87 Fleetwood Sixty Special. |- |8||LC8||3.8&nbsp;L||V6|V6 Turbo||4 Barrel Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Buick V6. '83 Buick Regal, Riviera. |- |8||L83||5.7&nbsp;L||V8||Cross-Fire fuel injection|CFI||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8. '82, '84 Corvette. Dual throttle-body fuel injection. 1st fuel injected Corvette since 1965. |- |8||L98||5.7&nbsp;L||V8||Tuned-port fuel injection|TPI||OHV||Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8. '85-'91 Corvette, '87-'92 Chevy Camaro, Pontiac Firebird. |- |8||LQ6||4.5&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||OHV||Cadillac High Technology V8. '89-'92 Cadillac Allante. |- |8||L24||1.9&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port injection|MFI||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||Saturn I4 engine. '95-'02 Saturn S-Series |- |8||LX9||3.5&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||GM High Value 60° V6. 3498cc. '04-'06 Chevy Malibu, '05-'06 Pontiac G6 |- |8||LF3||3.6L||V6 Twin Turbo||Direct Injection|DI||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. '14-'19 Cadillac CTS V-Sport, XTS V-Sport |- |8||LV6||1.8&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Isuzu 4XF1 engine. '92-'93 Geo Storm GSi. |- |8||LV6||1.8&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Toyota 7A-FE engine. '93-'97 Geo Prizm |- |8||LV6||1.8&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Toyota 1ZZ-FE engine. VVT-i from '00. '98-'02 Chevrolet Prizm, '03-'08 Pontiac Vibe |- |8||LAY||1.8&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Sequential multi-port injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Toyota 2ZR-FE engine. Dual VVT-i. '09-'10 Pontiac Vibe |- |9||L17||1.6&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||Isuzu G161Z engine made by GM in US. '81 Chevy Chevette, Pontiac T1000 |- |9||L62||6.0&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI (DFI)||OHV||Cadillac 472-series V8 engine family. V8-6-4 cylinder deactivation.<br /> '81 Cadillacs, '82-'84 Fleetwood Limousine. |- |9||LC3||3.8&nbsp;L||V6||2 Barrel Carburetor |2BBL||OHV||Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived). 229 cu. in. <br /> '83 Malibu, '83-'84 Monte Carlo, Impala, Caprice, '83 Pontiac Parisienne. |- |9||LG8||5.0&nbsp;L||V8||4 Barrel Carburetor |4BBL||OHV||Oldsmobile "Rocket" V8 (307 cu. in.) H.O. '83-'84 Hurst/Olds, '85-'87 Oldsmobile Cutlass 442 |- |9||LM9||3.8&nbsp;L||V6|V6 Turbo||Fuel injection#Sequential multi-port injection|SFI||OHV||Buick V6. '84-'85 Buick Regal, Riviera. |- |9||L44||2.8&nbsp;L||V6||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6 (transversely mounted). H.O. '85-'88 Pontiac Fiero |- |9||LC0||1.5&nbsp;L||I4 Turbo||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||Isuzu 4XC1-T engine. '87-'88 Chevrolet Spectrum Turbo |- |9||LK0||1.9&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||Saturn I4 engine. '91-'94 Saturn S-Series |- |9||L37||4.6&nbsp;L||V8||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 32 valve||Cadillac Northstar V8 (H.O. FWD) (Premium V). '93 Cadillac Allanté,<br /> '93-'02 Cadillac Eldorado Touring Coupe, '93-'04 Cadillac Seville STS, '96-'05 Cadillac DeVille,<br /> '06-'11 Cadillac DTS, '08-'11 Buick Lucerne Super |- |9||L72||1.3&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve ||Suzuki G13BA engine. '95-'97 Geo Metro |- |9||LUJ||1.4L||I4 Turbo||Fuel injection#Sequential Multi-port fuel injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Family 0 Engine, Gen III. VVT. Early production engines were made in Aspern, Austria; later made in Flint, MI. '11 Chevy Cruze |- |9||LL0||1.2&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Daewoo S-TEC II engine (1249 cc). VVT. Made in Changwon, S. Korea. '13-'15 Chevy Spark. |- |9||LT5||6.2&nbsp;L||V8 Supercharged||Port/Direct injection||OHV||Gen V Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. VVT. '19 Corvette ZR1. |- |0||LH8||1.8&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Throttle Body injection|TBI||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||GM Family II engine. Made in Brazil.<br /> '82-'86 Pontiac J2000/2000/Sunbird, Oldsmobile Firenza, Buick Skyhawk. |- |0||LAX||2.4&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Sequential multi-port injection|SFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Toyota 2AZ-FE engine. VVT-i. '09-'10 Pontiac Vibe |- |0||LE9||2.4&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen II. E85 Flex-Fuel. 2010 Chevy Malibu. |- |0||LE5||2.4&nbsp;L||Straight-4|I4||Fuel injection#Multi-port fuel injection|MFI||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. Most '12 Chevy Malibu w/LE5 engine. |} H.O.=High Output, CNG=Compressed Natural Gas, VVT=Variable Valve Timing, VVL=Variable Valve Lift ====Motor codes for electric passenger cars==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! VIN !! RPO !! Fuel !! Drive Wheels !! Application/Notes |- | 5 ||LN1|| Electricity || Front || '97, '99 General Motors EV1 |- | 0 ||EN0|| Electricity || Front || '14-'16 Chevrolet Spark EV |- | 0 ||EN0|| Electricity || Front || '17-'23 Chevrolet Bolt EV |- | 0 ||EN0|| Electricity || Front || '22-'23 Chevrolet Bolt EUV |- |} ====Motor codes for LFP-powered electric passenger cars==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! VIN !! Motor <br /> RPO code !! # of Motors !! Battery Pack <br /> RPO code !! Fuel !! Drive Wheels !! Application/Notes |- |- | V ||P9D (HPB)|| 1 || EJW || Electricity || Front || '27 Chevrolet Bolt |} LFP=Lithium Iron Phosphate ====Motor codes for Ultium-powered electric passenger cars==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! VIN !! Motor <br /> RPO code !! # of Motors !! Battery Module <br /> RPO code !! # of Modules !! Fuel !! Drive Wheels !! Application/Notes |- |- | 1 ||X0E|| 2 || EXN || 16 || Electricity || All || '25- Cadillac Celestiq |} ====Engine codes for light trucks==== GM encodes the engine type in character 8 of the VIN. The following table outlines the various engines encoded there: {| class="wikitable" |- ! VIN !! RPO !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications |- | A ||LD5|| 3.8L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||2-bbl carb. Buick V6. (231 cu. in.) '81-'84 Chevy El Camino, GMC Caballero (CA emissions). |- | A ||LR1|| 1.9L || I4 || Gas ||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||2-bbl carb. Isuzu G200 engine imported from Japan.<br /> '82-'85 Chevy S-10/GMC S-15, '83-'85 Chevy S-10 Blazer/GMC S-15 Jimmy |- | A ||L38|| 2.5L || I4 || Gas ||OHV||TBI. Pontiac Iron Duke/Tech IV engine. '91-'93 Chevy S-10/GMC Sonoma. |- | A ||LH2|| 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 32 valve||Cadillac Northstar V8 (For RWD) (Premium V). '04-'09 Cadillac SRX |- | A ||L20|| 4.8L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV|| Flex Fuel. SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block/Aluminum Heads. VVT.<br /> '10-'13 GMT900 pickups, '10-'14 Express/Savana |- | A ||LCV|| 2.5L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen III. Direct Injection. VVT. '15-'22 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon,<br /> '17-'20 Buick Envision, '17-'21 GMC Acadia, '19-'21 Chevy Blazer |- | B ||LR2|| 2.8L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||2-bbl carb. Chevrolet 60° V6.<br /> '82-'85 Chevy S-10/GMC S-15, '83-'85 Chevy S-10 Blazer/GMC S-15 Jimmy |- | B ||LU2|| 4.3L || V6 || Gas ||OHV|| TBI. Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived). '90-'91 Astro/Safari higher output engine option. |- | B ||L81|| 3.0L || V6 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||Opel 54° V6 engine (Made in the UK). '02-'03 Saturn Vue |- | B ||L33|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| Gen III Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Vortec 5300 H.O. 310hp. Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> '05-'07 Silverado/Sierra 1500 4wd ext. cab short bed. |- | B ||LE8|| 2.2L || I4 || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Flex-Fuel. GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. '09-'10 Chevy HHR |- | B ||LC8|| 6.0L || V8 || Gas/CNG ||OHV||Bi-Fuel (Also Gas/LPG in Express/Savana). SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block & Aluminum Heads. VVT. '11-'20 Express/Savana, '13-'19 Silverado HD/Sierra HD. |- | B ||LUV|| 1.4L ||I4 Turbo|| Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Family 0 Engine, Gen III. SFI. VVT.<br /> '13-'21 Buick Encore, '15-'21 Chevy Trax (also '13-'14 Trax in Canada) |- | C ||LH6|| 6.2L || V8 || Diesel ||OHV||Detroit Diesel V8. For sub-8,500 lb. GVWR trucks '82-'93. '82-'86 C/K pickups, '87 R/V pickups,<br /> '88-'93 C/K, Sierra pickups, '82-'91 Blazer/Jimmy, Suburban, '83-'93 full-size vans |- | C ||L34|| 2.0L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Suzuki J20A engine. MFI. '99-'03 Chevrolet Tracker |- | C ||LY2|| 4.8L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block/Aluminum Heads.<br /> '07-'09 GMT900 pickups, '07-'09 Tahoe/Yukon, '08-'09 Express/Savana |- | C ||LAF|| 2.4L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen II. Direct Injection. VVT. Chevy Equinox, GMC Terrain '11. |- | C ||L83|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV|| Flex Fuel. Gen V Chevrolet Small-Block V8 (EcoTec3). Direct injection, VVT. Active Fuel Management<br /> '14-'19 K2XX pickups, '15-'20 K2XX SUVs. |- | C ||L2R|| 2.7L ||I4 Turbo||| Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM L3B Tripower engine ("TurboMax") - Detuned version. Direct Injection. VVT, VVL. Active Fuel Management. '23-'24 Chevy Colorado. |- | D ||LE3|| 4.1L || I6 || Gas ||OHV||2-bbl carb. Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift I6.<br /> '81-'84 Chevy/GMC C/K pickups, full-size vans, '81-'82 Blazer/Jimmy |- | D ||LG6|| 3.1L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||TBI. Chevrolet 60° V6. '90-'95 U-body minivans. |- | D ||L61|| 2.2L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen I. '02-'07 Saturn Vue, '06 Chevy HHR. |- | D ||L61|| 2.2L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec Gen II. '07-'08 Chevy HHR. |- | D ||LLT|| 3.6L || V6 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. Direct Injection. '09-'16 GMC Acadia, '17 GMC Acadia Limited,<br /> '09-'17 Chevrolet Traverse, Buick Enclave, '09-'10 Saturn Outlook |- | D ||LBZ|| 6.6L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV,<br /> 32 valve||Duramax 6600 V8 engine.<br /> Mid '06 Silverado HD/Sierra HD & '07 Silverado Classic HD/Sierra Classic HD |- | D ||L84|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV|| Gen V Chevrolet Small-Block V8 (EcoTec3). Direct injection, VVT. With Dynamic Fuel Management<br /> '19+ Chevy/GMC Silverado 1500/Sierra 1500, '21+ Tahoe/Yukon, Suburban/Yukon XL. |- | E ||LN8|| 2.5L || I4 || Gas ||OHV||TBI. Pontiac Iron Duke/Tech IV engine.<br /> '85-'90 Chevy/GMC S-10/S-15, Astro/Safari Cargo Van, '85-'88 S-10 Blazer/S-15 Jimmy. |- | E ||LLR|| 3.7L || I5 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 20 valve||Atlas I5. SFI. VVT.<br /> '07-'12 Colorado/Canyon, '07-'08 Isuzu i-370, '07-'10 Hummer H3, '09-'10 Hummer H3T |- | E ||LA1|| 3.4L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6. '96 GMT199 (U-body) minivans, '97-'05 GMT200 (U-body) minivans,<br /> '01-'05 Pontiac Aztek, '02-'05 Buick Rendezvous |- | F ||LF3|| 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| 4-bbl carb. Gen I Chevrolet Small-Block V8. '81-'86 C/K, full-size vans, '81-'82 Blazer/Jimmy.<br /> CA emissions version of LE9 5.0 V8. |- | F ||L65|| 6.5L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV||Detroit Diesel V8. For over-8,500 lb. GVWR Chevy C/K, GMC Sierra trucks '92-'02,<br /> Chevy/GMC Suburban 1500/2500 '94-'99, over-8,500 lb. GVWR Express/Savana '96-'02 |- | F ||LNJ|| 3.4L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||Chevrolet 60° V6. Made in China by SAIC-GM. '05-'09 Chevy Equinox, '06-'09 Pontiac Torrent. |- | F ||L94|| 6.2L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV||Flex-Fuel. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. SFI. VVT. Active Fuel Management. '10-'14 GMC Yukon Denali/Yukon XL Denali, Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV. |- | F ||L20|| 4.8L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV|| Flex Fuel. SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block/Aluminum Heads. VVT.<br /> '15-'17 Express/Savana |- | F ||L82|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| Gen V Chevrolet Small-Block V8 (EcoTec3). Direct injection, VVT. With Active Fuel Management<br /> '19-'21 Chevy Silverado 1500, GMC Sierra 1500 (T1XX). |- | G ||LG9|| 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| 2-bbl carb. Gen I Chevrolet Small-Block V8. '81 Chevy/GMC C/K pickups, Blazer/Jimmy, full-size van |- | G ||L18|| 8.1L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MFI. Vortec 8100. Gen VII Chevrolet Big-Block V8. '01-'02 C3500HD, '01-'06 Silverado HD/Sierra HD, '07 Silverado Classic HD/Sierra Classic HD, '01-'06 Suburban/Yukon XL 2500, '02-'06 Avalanche 2500, '01-'02 Express/Savana |- | G ||L96|| 6.0L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV||Flex Fuel. SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block & Aluminum Heads. VVT.<br /> '10-'19 Silverado HD/Sierra HD, '10-'13 Suburban 2500/Yukon XL 2500, '16-'19 Suburban 3500,<br /> '10-'20 Express/Savana. |- | G ||LSD|| 1.5L || I4 Turbo || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Small Gasoline Engine. Direct Injection. VVT. '23+ Chevy Equinox, GMC Terrain |- | H ||LG4|| 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||4-bbl carb. Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8. (305 cu. in.) '81-'87 Chevy El Camino, GMC Caballero. |- | H ||LE9|| 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| 4-bbl carb. Gen I Chevrolet Small-Block V8. '81-'86 C/K pickups, Blazer/Jimmy, Suburban, full-size vans |- | H ||L03|| 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| TBI. Gen I Chevrolet Small-Block V8. '87 R/V pickups, '88-'95 C/K, Sierra pickups, '87-'95 full-size vans, '87 Blazer/Jimmy, Suburban. |- | H ||LN2|| 2.2L || I4 || Gas ||OHV||SFI. Chevrolet "122" engine. '03 Chevy S-10/GMC Sonoma |- | H ||LS2|| 6.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||SFI. Gen IV Chevy Small-Block V8. Chevy SSR '05-'06, Trailblazer SS '06-'09, Saab 9-7X Aero '08-'09. |- | H ||LV3|| 4.3L || V6 || Gas/E85 ||OHV||Flex Fuel. Chevrolet 90° V6 - Gen V Chevrolet Small-Block V6 (EcoTec3). Direct injection, VVT. Active Fuel Management. '14-'21 Chevy Silverado 1500/GMC Sierra 1500. |- | J ||L39|| 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||2-bbl carb. Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8 (267 cu. in.) '81-82 Chevy El Camino, GMC Caballero. |- | J ||LL4|| 6.2L || V8 || Diesel ||OHV||Detroit Diesel V8. For over-8,500 lb. GVWR trucks '82-'93. '82-'86 C/K pickups, '87-'91 R/V pickups,<br /> '88-'93 C/K, Sierra pickups, '82-'91 Blazer/Jimmy, Suburban, '83-'93 full-size vans |- | J ||L29|| 7.4L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| MFI. Vortec 7400. Gen VI Chevrolet Big-Block V8.<br /> '96-'00 C/K, Sierra pickups, Express/Savana, '96-'99 Suburban 2500 |- | J ||LY5|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Active Fuel Management. Iron Block & Aluminum Heads.<br /> '07-'09 Silverado/Sierra 1500, Tahoe/Yukon, Suburban/Yukon XL 1500, Avalanche |- | J ||LZ1|| 6.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||2-Mode Hybrid. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. VVT. Active Fuel Management. '10-'13 Tahoe Hybrid, Yukon Hybrid, Escalade Hybrid, Silverado Hybrid, Sierra Hybrid |- | J ||L86|| 6.2L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Gen V Chevrolet Small-Block V8 (EcoTec3). Direct injection, VVT. Active Fuel Management. <br /> '14-18 Chevy/GMC Silverado 1500/Sierra 1500,<br /> '18-20 Chevy Tahoe Premier, '19-'20 Chevy Suburban Premier, GMC Yukon/Yukon XL SLT,<br /> '15-'20 GMC Yukon Denali/Yukon XL Denali, Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV. |- | K ||LC3|| 3.8L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||2-bbl carb. Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived). 229 cu. in. <br /> '81-'82 Chevy El Camino, GMC Caballero (49-state emissions) |- | K ||L05|| 5.7L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| TBI. Gen I Chevrolet Small-Block V8. '87 R/V pickups, '88-'95 C/K, Sierra pickups, '87-'95 full-size vans, '96 G-Classic full-size vans, '87-'94 Blazer, '95 Tahoe, '87-'91 Jimmy, '92-'95 Yukon, '87-'95 Suburban. |- | K ||LY6|| 6.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block & Aluminum Heads. VVT.<br /> '07-'09 Silverado HD/Sierra HD, '07-'09 Suburban 2500/Yukon XL 2500, '08-'09 Express/Savana |- | K ||LEA|| 2.4L || I4 || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Flex Fuel. GM Ecotec engine, Gen II. Direct Injection. VVT. Chevy Equinox, GMC Terrain '12-'17,<br /> Chevy Captiva Sport '12-'14, Chevy Orlando '14. |- | K ||L3B|| 2.7L ||I4 Turbo||| Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM L3B Tripower engine ("TurboMax"). Direct Injection. VVT, VVL. Active Fuel Management.<br /> '19+ Chevy Silverado 1500, GMC Sierra 1500, '23+ Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon. |- | L ||LS9|| 5.7L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| 4-bbl carb. Gen I Chevrolet Small-Block V8. For sub-8,500 lb. GVWR trucks, vans, Suburban, Blazer/Jimmy (CA) '81-'86. |- | L ||L27|| 3.8L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||Buick V6 (3800 Series I). '92-'95 U-body minivans |- | L ||LX9|| 3.5L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||GM High Value 60° V6. 3498cc. SFI. '05-'06 GMT201 minivans, '06-'07 Buick Rendezvous |- | L ||LH8|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> '08-'09 Hummer H3 Alpha, '09 Colorado/Canyon, Hummer H3T Alpha |- | L ||LGH|| 6.6L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV,<br /> 32 valve||Duramax 6600 V8 engine. Mid '10-'16 Express/Savana, '11-'12 Silverado HD/Sierra HD chassis cabs |- | L ||L87|| 6.2L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Gen V Chevrolet Small-Block V8 (EcoTec3). Direct injection, VVT. Dynamic Fuel Management.<br /> '19+ Chevy/GMC Silverado 1500/Sierra 1500, '21+ Tahoe/Yukon, Suburban/Yukon XL,<br /> Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV. |- | L ||L3T|| 1.3L || I3 Turbo || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 12 valve||GM E-Turbo Engine. Direct Injection. VVT. '20+ Buick Encore GX, '21+ Chevy Trailblazer. |- | M ||LT9|| 5.7L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| 4-bbl carb. Gen I Chevy Small-Block V8.<br /> For over-8,500 lb. GVWR C/K trucks, full-size vans, Suburban '81-'86, full-size van cutaway '81-'88.<br /> '88 Chevy/GMC R30/3500 Chassis Cab w/C7C (10,500 lb. GVWR),<br /> V30/3500 Chassis Cab w/C7E (11,000 lb. GVWR) |- | M ||L30|| 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Gen 1+ Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Vortec 5000. CPI.<br /> '96-'99 Chevy C/K, GMC Sierra, '96-'02 Express/Savana |- | M ||LNF|| 2.0L || I4 Turbo || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen II. Direct Injection. VVT. 2010 Chevy HHR SS. |- | M ||LH6|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Active Fuel Management. Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> '05-'06 GMT370 SUVs (Trailblazer EXT/Envoy XL/Isuzu Ascender 7-psgr.), '05-'07 Buick Rainier,<br /> '05-'09 GMC Envoy Denali, Saab 9-7X, '06-'08 Chevy Trailblazer, '05 GMC Envoy XUV,<br /> '07-'09 Silverado/Sierra 1500 |- | M ||LAF|| 2.4L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen II. Direct Injection. VVT. Chevy Orlando '12. |- | M ||LE2|| 1.4L || I4 Turbo || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Small Gasoline Engine. Direct Injection. VVT. '16-'19 & '21-'22 Buick Encore, '21-'22 Chevy Trax. |- | N ||L10|| 1.8L || I4 || Gas ||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||2-bbl carb. Isuzu G180Z engine imported from Japan. '81-'82 Chevy LUV |- | N ||LF9|| 5.7L || V8 || Diesel ||OHV||Oldsmobile Diesel V8. '83-'84 Chevy El Camino/GMC Caballero. |- | N ||LB1|| 4.3L || V6 || Gas ||OHV|| 4-bbl carb. Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived).<br /> '85 Astro/Safari, '85-'86 C/K pickups & full-size vans |- | N ||L19|| 7.4L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| Mark IV Chevrolet Big-Block V8. TBI.<br /> '87-'90 R/V pickups, Suburban 2500, '88-'90 C/K, Sierra pickups, full-size vans |- | N ||L19|| 7.4L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| Gen V Chevrolet Big-Block V8. TBI.<br /> '91 R/V pickups, '91-'95 C/K, Sierra pickups, Suburban 2500, full-size vans. '96 G-Classic full-size vans |- | N ||LZ4|| 3.5L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||GM High Value 60° V6. 3510cc. SFI. VVT. '08-'09 Saturn Vue |- | N ||LQ9|| 6.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| Gen III Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Vortec 6000 H.O. or VortecMAX. Iron Block/Aluminum Heads. 345 hp.<br /> '02-'06 Cadillac Escalade, '03-'06 Cadillac Escalade ESV, '03-'06 Chevy Silverado SS, '05-'06 GMC Sierra Denali. |- | N ||LGZ|| 3.6L || V6 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6, 4th gen. Direct Injection. VVT. Active Fuel Management.<br /> '17-'22 Chevy Colorado, GMC Canyon. |- | P ||L49|| 6.5L || V8 || Diesel ||OHV||Detroit Diesel V8. For sub-8,500 lb. GVWR Chevy C/K, GMC Sierra trucks & full-size vans '94-'95 |- | P ||LM4|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Gen III Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Vortec 5300. 290hp. Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> '03-'04 Chevy SSR, '03-'04 GMT370 SUVs (Trailblazer EXT/Envoy XL/Isuzu Ascender 7-psgr.),<br /> '04 Buick Rainier, GMC Envoy XUV |- | P ||LE5|| 2.4L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||MFI. GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. '06-'08 Chevy HHR, '08-'09 Saturn Vue |- | P ||LH9|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV||Flex Fuel. SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. VVT.<br /> '10-'12 Colorado/Canyon, '10 Hummer H3 Alpha, H3T Alpha |- | P ||LV1|| 4.3L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||Chevrolet 90° V6 - Gen V Chevrolet Small-Block V6 (EcoTec3). Direct injection, VVT.<br /> '18+ Chevy Express/GMC Savana. |- | P ||LBP|| 1.2L || I3 Turbo || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,<br /> 12 valve||Flex Fuel. GM E-Turbo Engine. Direct Injection. VVT.<br /> '25+ Buick Encore GX, Chevy Trailblazer, '25- Chevy Trax, Buick Envista. |- | R ||LL2|| 2.8L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||TBI. Chevrolet 60° V6. '86-'93 Chevy S-10, GMC S-15/Sonoma,<br /> '86-'89 Chevy S-10 Blazer/GMC S-15 Jimmy |- | R ||L31|| 5.7L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Gen 1+ Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Vortec 5700. CPI.<br /> '96-'99 Chevy C/K, GMC Sierra, '96-'99 Chevy Tahoe/GMC Yukon, Chevy/GMC Suburban, '99-'00 GMC Yukon Denali, Cadillac Escalade, '00 Chevy Tahoe Limited/Z71, '96-'02 Chevy Express/GMC Savana. |- | R ||L8B|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Mild Hybrid. Gen V Chevrolet Small-Block V8 (EcoTec3). Direct injection, VVT. Active Fuel Management. '16-'18 Chevy Silverado 1500, GMC Sierra 1500. |- | S ||LQ7|| 2.2L || I4 || Diesel ||OHV||Isuzu C220 engine imported from Japan. '81-'82 Chevy LUV, '84-'85 Chevy S-10/GMC S-15 |- | S ||L56|| 6.5L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV||Detroit Diesel V8. For sub-8,500 lb. GVWR Chevy C/K, GMC Sierra trucks '94-'99,<br /> Chevy Blazer '94, Chevy Tahoe 2-d '95-'99, GMC Yukon 2-d '94-'97 |- | S ||LL8|| 4.2L || I6 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||Atlas I6. SFI. VVT. '02-'09 GMT360/370 SUVs (Chevy Trailblazer, GMC Envoy, Oldsmobile Bravada, Buick Rainier, Isuzu Ascender, Saab 9-7X) |- | S ||LGX|| 3.6L || V6 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6, 4th gen. Direct Injection. VVT. Active Fuel Management.<br /> '17+ Cadillac XT5, '17-'23 GMC Acadia, '19+ Chevrolet Blazer, '20-'25 Cadillac XT6. |- | S ||LK0|| 2.5L || I4 Turbo || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||L3B engine family. Direct Injection. VVT. '24- Chevy Traverse, GMC Acadia, '25- Buick Enclave |- | T ||L25|| 4.8L || I6 || Gas ||OHV||1-bbl carb. Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift I6. '81-'86 Chevy/GMC C/K pickups, '88 R/V pickups |- | T ||LM7|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| Gen III Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block & Aluminum Heads. Vortec 5300. 270/285/295hp.<br /> '99-'07 GMT800 pickups & SUVs including '02-'05 Escalade 2wd, '03-'07 Express/Savana |- | T ||LEA|| 2.4L || I4 || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Flex Fuel. GM Ecotec engine, Gen II. Direct Injection. VVT. Chevy Orlando '13. |- | T ||LM2|| 3.0L || I6 Turbo|| Diesel ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve|| Duramax Diesel I6. Aluminum Block & Heads. '20-'22 Silverado/Sierra 1500, '21-'24 Tahoe/Suburban, Yukon/Yukon XL, Escalade/Escalade ESV. |- | U ||LS5|| 1.6L || I4 || Gas ||SOHC,<br /> 8 valve||Suzuki G16A engine. TBI. '89-'95 Geo Tracker |- | U ||LQ4|| 6.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| Gen III Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block & Aluminum Heads (Iron Heads in '99-'00).<br /> '99-'06 GMT800 pickups, '00-'06 Suburban/Yukon XL 2500, '01-'06 Yukon Denali/Yukon XL Denali,<br> '06 Suburban LTZ, '03-'07 Express/Savana, '03-'07 Hummer H2. |- | U ||LE9|| 2.4L || I4 || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Flex-Fuel. GM Ecotec Gen II. 2011 Chevy HHR |- | U ||LH7|| 1.6L ||I4 Turbo|| Diesel ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Medium Diesel engine ("Whisper Diesel"). Made by Opel in Szentgotthárd, Hungary.<br /> Aluminum Block & Heads. '18-'19 Chevy Equinox & GMC Terrain Diesel. |- | V ||LR4|| 4.8L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Gen III Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block/Aluminum Heads. '99-'06 GMT800 pickups,<br /> '00-'06 Tahoe/Yukon, '03-'07 Express/Savana |- | V ||LE9|| 2.4L || I4 || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Flex-Fuel. GM Ecotec Gen II. 2009-2010 Chevy HHR |- | V ||LYX|| 1.5L || I4 Turbo || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Small Gasoline Engine. Direct Injection. VVT. '18-'22 Chevy Equinox, GMC Terrain |- | W ||LE8|| 7.4L || V8 || Gas ||OHV|| Mark IV Chevrolet Big-Block V8. 4bbl carb. '81-'86 Chevy/GMC C/K pickups, Suburban.<br /> '88-'89 Chevy/GMC R30/3500 Chassis Cab w/C7C (10,500 lb. GVWR),<br /> V30/3500 Chassis Cab w/C7E (11,000 lb. GVWR) |- | W ||L35|| 4.3L || V6 || Gas ||OHV|| CPI. Vortec 4300 H.O. Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived).<br /> '92-'95 Sonoma, S-10 Blazer/Jimmy, Astro/Safari, '94-'95 S-10, '92-'94 Oldsmobile Bravada |- | W ||L35|| 4.3L || V6 || Gas ||OHV|| SFI. Vortec 4300 H.O. Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived). '96-'02 S-10/Sonoma, Blazer/Jimmy, Express/Savana, C/K, Silverado, Sierra, '96-'01 Bravada, Astro/Safari, '00 Isuzu Hombre |- | W ||LGD|| 3.9L || V6 || Gas/E85 ||OHV||Flex Fuel. GM High Value 60° V6. SFI. VVT. '07-'09 GMT201 minivans |- | W ||LAF|| 2.4L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen II. Direct Injection. VVT. Chevy Equinox, GMC Terrain '10. |- | W ||LE8|| 2.2L || I4 || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Flex-Fuel. GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. 2011 Chevy HHR. |- | W ||LFY|| 3.6L || V6 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. Direct Injection.<br> '18-'23 Chevrolet Traverse, '24 Chevrolet Traverse Limited, '18-'24 Buick Enclave. |- | X ||LF6|| 4.3L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||SFI. Vortec 4300. Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived).<br /> '96-'99 S-10/Sonoma, '97-'99 Isuzu Hombre. |- | X ||LU3|| 4.3L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||Vortec 4300. Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived). '03-'04 S-10/Sonoma,<br /> '03-'05 Blazer/Jimmy, '02-'05 Astro/Safari, '03-'14 Express/Savana, '03-'13 Silverado/Sierra |- | X ||LNF|| 2.0L || I4 Turbo || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen II. Direct Injection. VVT. '08-'09 Chevy HHR SS. |- | X ||LTG|| 2.0L || I4 Turbo || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen III. Direct Injection. VVT.<br /> '16-'20 Buick Envision, '18-'20 Chevy Equinox, GMC Terrain, '18-'19 Chevy Traverse RS |- | Y ||LQ2|| 2.0L || I4 || Gas ||OHV||2-bbl carb. Chevrolet "122" engine.<br /> '83-'84 Chevy S-10/GMC S-15, '83-'84 Chevy S-10 Blazer/GMC S-15 Jimmy |- | Y ||L57|| 6.5L || V8 || Diesel ||OHV||Detroit Diesel V8. For over-8,500 lb. GVWR full-size vans '94-'95 & '96 G-Classic full-size vans |- | Y ||L76|| 6.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||SFI. Gen IV Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. VVT. With Active Fuel Management.<br /> '07-'09 Silverado/Sierra, Suburban/Yukon XL, Chevy Avalanche |- | Y ||LF1|| 3.0L || V6 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. Direct Injection. VVT.<br /> '10-'11 Cadillac SRX, '11 Saab 9-4X, '10 Chevy Equinox, GMC Terrain |- | Y ||L5P|| 6.6L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV,<br /> 32 valve||Duramax 6600 V8 engine. '17+ Silverado HD/Sierra HD. Engine updated in '24. |- | Z ||LF9|| 5.7L || V8 || Diesel ||OHV||Oldsmobile Diesel V8. '81 Chevy C10/GMC C1500 full-size pickups. |- | Z ||LB4|| 4.3L || V6 || Gas ||OHV|| TBI. Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived). '85-'87 Chevy El Camino/GMC Caballero,<br /> '86-'94 Astro/Safari, '87 R/V pickups, '88-'95 C/K & Sierra pickups, '87-'95 full-size vans & <br /> '96 G-Classic full-size vans, '88-'95 S-10, S-15/Sonoma, '88-'94 S-10 Blazer, S-15 Jimmy,<br /> '91-'92 Oldsmobile Bravada |- | Z ||LB4|| 4.3L || V6 Turbo || Gas ||OHV|| MPI. For GMC Syclone & Typhoon. Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived) |- | Z ||L59|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV||Flex Fuel. Gen III Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block & Aluminum Heads. Vortec 5300. 285/295hp.<br /> '02-'07 GMT800 pickups, '02-'06 Suburban/Yukon XL, Avalanche. |- | Z ||LAT|| 2.4L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Mild Hybrid. MFI. GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. '07-'09 Saturn Vue Green Line |- | 1 ||LZ9|| 3.9L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||GM High Value 60° V6. SFI. VVT. '06-'09 GMT201 minivans |- | 1 ||LE5|| 2.4L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||MFI. GM Ecotec Gen II. VVT. '10 Saturn Vue. |- | 1 ||LB7|| 6.6L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV,<br /> 32 valve||Duramax 6600 V8 engine. First version of the Duramax V8. '01-Mid '04 Silverado HD/Sierra HD |- | 1 ||LWN|| 2.8L || I4 Turbo || Diesel ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Based on VM Motori A428 engine. Made by GM Powertrain Thailand 2016-2020. Made in Brazil for '22. '16-'22 Colorado/Canyon, '17-'22 Express/Savana. |- | 2 ||LLY|| 6.6L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV,<br /> 32 valve||Duramax 6600 V8 engine. Mid '04-Mid '06 Silverado HD/Sierra HD, '06-Mid '07 Express/Savana |- | 2 ||L9H|| 6.2L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV||Flex-Fuel. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. SFI. VVT.<br /> '09-'13 Chevy Silverado 1500, GMC Sierra 1500, Sierra Denali 1500,<br /> '09 Chevy Tahoe LTZ, GMC Yukon Denali/Yukon XL Denali, Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV,<br> Hummer H2 |- | 2 ||LIH|| 1.2L || I3 Turbo || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 12 valve||GM E-Turbo Engine. Direct Injection. VVT.<br /> '20-'24 Buick Encore GX, '21-'24 Chevy Trailblazer, '24 Chevy Trax, Buick Envista,<br> '25 Chevy Trax, Buick Envista (Canada only). |- | 3 ||LC9|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV||Flex Fuel. SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Active Fuel Management. VVT added for '10. Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> '07-'11 Silverado/Sierra 1500, Tahoe/Yukon, Suburban/Yukon XL 1500, '07-'09 & '11 Avalanche |- | 3 ||LFX|| 3.6L || V6 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. Direct Injection. VVT. E85 Flex Fuel.<br /> '12-'16 Cadillac SRX, '13-'17 Chevrolet Equinox, GMC Terrain, '15-'16 Colorado/Canyon |- | 4 ||LN2|| 2.2L || I4 || Gas ||OHV||MFI (94-95). SFI (96-00). Chevrolet "122" engine. '94-'00 S-10/Sonoma, '96-'00 Isuzu Hombre |- | 4 ||LE8|| 2.5L || V6 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||Suzuki H25A engine. MFI. '01-'04 Chevrolet Tracker |- | 4 ||L66|| 3.5L || V6 || Gas ||SOHC,<br /> 24 valve||Honda J35S1 V6. VTEC. '04-'07 Saturn Vue |- | 4 ||LMF|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV||Flex Fuel. SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block & Aluminum Heads. VVT.<br /> '08-'14 Express/Savana 1500 |- | 4 ||LAU|| 2.8L || V6 Turbo || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. SFI. '10 Cadillac SRX |- | 4 ||LSY|| 2.0L || I4 Turbo || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||GM Ecotec engine, Gen III. Direct Injection. Active Fuel Management. VVT. VVL.<br /> '19-'25 Cadillac XT4, '20+ Chevy Blazer, Cadillac XT5, '20-'23 GMC Acadia,<br /> '21+ Buick Envision, '21-'25 Cadillac XT6 |- | 5 ||L43|| 2.2L || I4 || Gas/E85 ||OHV||Flex-Fuel. SFI. Chevrolet "122" engine. '00-'02 S-10/Sonoma, '00 Isuzu Hombre |- | 5 ||LFA|| 6.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||2-Mode Hybrid. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. VVT. Active Fuel Management. '08-'09 Tahoe Hybrid/Yukon Hybrid, '09 Escalade Hybrid, Silverado Hybrid/Sierra Hybrid |- | 5 ||LFW|| 3.0L || V6 || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||Flex-Fuel. GM High Feature V6. Direct Injection. VVT. '11-'12 Chevy Equinox, GMC Terrain,<br /> '12 Chevy Captiva Sport |- | 6 ||L01|| 1.6L || I4 || Gas ||SOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Suzuki G16B engine. MFI. '94-'97 Geo Tracker, '98-'00 Chevrolet Tracker |- | 6 ||L52|| 3.5L || I5 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 20 valve||Atlas I5. SFI. VVT. '04-'06 Colorado/Canyon, '06 Isuzu i-350, '06 Hummer H3 |- | 6 ||LAU|| 2.8L || V6 Turbo || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. SFI. '11 Cadillac SRX, Saab 9-4X |- | 6 ||LMM|| 6.6L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV,<br /> 32 valve||Duramax 6600 V8 engine. '07-'10 Silverado HD/Sierra HD (GMT900), Mid '07-Mid '10 Express/Savana |- | 7 ||LY7|| 3.6L || V6 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve||GM High Feature V6. '04-'06 Buick Rendezvous, '04-'09 Cadillac SRX,<br /> '07-'08 GMC Acadia, Saturn Outlook, '08 Buick Enclave, '08-'10 Saturn Vue |- | 7 ||LC9|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV||Flex Fuel. SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Active Fuel Management. VVT.<br /> Aluminum Block & Heads.<br /> '12-'13 Silverado/Sierra 1500, Avalanche, '12-'14 Tahoe/Yukon, Suburban/Yukon XL 1500 |- | 7 ||L8T|| 6.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Gen V Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block/Aluminum Heads. Direct injection, VVT.<br /> '20+ Silverado HD/Sierra HD, '21+ Express/Savana |- | 8 ||LK5|| 2.8L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Atlas I4. SFI. VVT. '04-'06 Colorado/Canyon, '06 Isuzu i-280. |- | 8 ||L92|| 6.2L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. SFI. VVT.<br /> '07-'08 GMC Sierra Denali, Yukon Denali/Yukon XL Denali, Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV,<br> '08 Chevy Tahoe LTZ, Hummer H2. |- | 8 ||LML|| 6.6L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV,<br /> 32 valve||Duramax 6600 V8 engine.<br /> '11-'16 Silverado HD/Sierra HD pickups, '13-'16 Silverado HD/Sierra HD chassis cabs. |- | 8 ||LZ0|| 3.0L || I6 Turbo|| Diesel ||DOHC,<br /> 24 valve|| Duramax Diesel I6. Aluminum Block & Heads.<br> '23+ Silverado/Sierra 1500, '24+ Suburban HD, '25+ Tahoe/Suburban, Yukon/Yukon XL. |- | 9 ||LC3|| 3.8L || V6 || Gas ||OHV||2-bbl carb. Chevrolet 90° V6 (Chevy Small-Block V8 Derived). 229 cu. in. <br /> '83-'84 Chevy El Camino, GMC Caballero (49-state emissions). |- | 9 ||LLV|| 2.9L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Atlas I4. SFI. VVT. '07-'12 Colorado/Canyon, '07-'08 Isuzu i-290. |- | 9 ||LT4|| 6.2L ||V8 Supercharged|| Gas ||OHV||Gen V Chevy Small-Block V8. Aluminum Block & Heads. Direct injection. VVT. Active Fuel Management. '23+ Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV V-Series. |- | 0 ||LMG|| 5.3L || V8 || Gas/E85 ||OHV||Flex-Fuel. SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Active Fuel Management. VVT added for '10.<br /> Iron Block & Aluminum Heads.<br /> '07-'13 Silverado/Sierra 1500, Avalanche, '07-'14 Tahoe/Yukon, Suburban/Yukon XL 1500. |} H.O.=High Output, VVT=Variable Valve Timing, VVL=Variable Valve Lift, GVWR=Gross Vehicle Weight Rating, CNG=Compressed Natural Gas, LPG=Liquefied Petroleum Gas (Propane Autogas) ====Motor codes for electric light trucks==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! VIN !! RPO !! Fuel !! Drive Wheels !! Application/Notes |- | H ||LN1|| Electricity || Front || '97-'98 Chevrolet S-10 Electric. |- |} ====Motor codes for Ultium-powered electric light trucks==== {| class="wikitable" |- ! VIN !! Motor <br /> RPO code !! # of Motors !! Battery Module <br /> RPO code !! # of Modules !! Fuel !! Drive Wheels !! Application/Notes |- | A ||XRL|| 3 || ETN || 24 || Electricity || All || '22- GMC Hummer EV pickup 3X |- | B ||XRL|| 3 || ETI || 20 || Electricity || All || '24- GMC Hummer EV pickup 3X |- | C ||XRL|| 3 || ETJ || 20 || Electricity || All || '24- GMC Hummer EV SUV 3X |- | D ||XRJ|| 2 || ETI || 20 || Electricity || All || '24 Chevrolet Silverado EV 3WT, '25- Silverado EV 5WT, 3LT,<br> '25 Silverado EV RST (2SP), '26- Silverado EV Trail Boss (2TR),<br> '24- GMC Hummer EV pickup 2X, '25- GMC Sierra EV Denali 5SC,<br> '26- Sierra EV Elevation 3SC, AT4 4SC |- | E ||XRJ|| 2 || ETJ || 20 || Electricity || All || '24- GMC Hummer EV SUV 2X |- | G ||XRJ|| 2 || ETJ || 20 || Electricity || All || '23 BrightDrop Zevo 600 |- | H ||XRJ|| 2 || EWX || 14 || Electricity || All ||'26- Chevrolet Silverado EV 4WT, 2LT,<br> '26- GMC Sierra EV Elevation 3SB, Denali 5SB |- | J ||X0C|| 2 || EC5 || 10 || Electricity || All || '24 Chevy Blazer EV 2LT, 1RS AWD,<br> '25- Chevy Blazer EV 4LT, 3RS AWD, '24- Honda Prologue AWD |- | K ||X0D|| 1 || EC6 || 12 || Electricity || Rear || '23- Cadillac Lyriq RWD, '24-'25 Chevrolet Blazer EV 2RS RWD,<br> '24 Acura ZDX A-Spec RWD |- | L ||X0E|| 2 || EC6 || 12 || Electricity || All || '23- Cadillac Lyriq AWD, '24- Chevrolet Blazer EV PPV AWD,<br> '25- Chevrolet Blazer EV SS AWD, '26- Cadillac Vistiq AWD,<br> '24 Acura ZDX A-Spec, Type S AWD |- | L ||XRJ|| 2 || ETN || 24 || Electricity || All || '24 Chevrolet Silverado EV 4WT, RST (3SP), '25- Silverado EV 8WT,<br> '25 Silverado EV RST (3SP), '26- Silverado EV 4LT, Trail Boss (3TR),<br> '24- GMC Sierra EV Denali 5SD, '26- Sierra EV AT4 4SD,<br> '25- Cadillac Escalade IQ, '26- Cadillac Escalade IQL |- | M ||X0B|| 1 || EC5 || 10 || Electricity || Front || '24- Honda Prologue FWD, '25- Chevy Blazer EV 2LT, 1RS FWD |- | P ||X0B|| 1 || EC3 || 10 || Electricity || Front || '24- Chevrolet Equinox EV FWD |- | R ||X0C|| 2 || EC3 || 10 || Electricity || All || '24- Chevrolet Equinox EV AWD, '25 Cadillac Optiq AWD |- | Y ||XRJ|| 2 || ETC || 12 || Electricity || All || '24 BrightDrop Zevo 400, Zevo 600,<br> '25 Chevrolet BrightDrop 400/600 AWD |- | Z ||XRJ|| 2 || ETJ || 20 || Electricity || All || '24 BrightDrop Zevo 400, Zevo 600,<br> '25 Chevrolet BrightDrop 400/600 AWD |- | 4 ||X0E|| 2 || EC3 || 10 || Electricity || All || '26- Cadillac Optiq AWD |- | 5 ||X0D|| 1 || EC3 || 10 || Electricity || Rear|| '26- Cadillac Optiq RWD |- | 6 ||XRM|| 1 || ETC || 12 || Electricity || Front || '25 Chevrolet BrightDrop 400/600 FWD |} SB=Standard Range, SC=Extended Range, SD=Max Range ====Engine codes for medium duty trucks 2016-==== GM encodes the engine type in character 8 of the VIN. The following table outlines the various engines encoded there: {| class="wikitable" |- ! VIN !! RPO !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications |- | B ||L96|| 6.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block & Aluminum Heads. VVT.<br /> '16-'20 Chevy LCF 3500/4500. |- | C ||LC8|| 6.0L || V8 || Gas/CNG or<br>Gas/LPG ||OHV||Bi-Fuel. SFI. Gen IV Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block & Aluminum Heads. VVT.<br /> '16-'20 Chevy LCF 3500/4500. |- | D ||L8T|| 6.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Gen V Chevrolet Small-Block V8. Iron Block/Aluminum Heads. Direct injection, VVT.<br /> '21-'23 Chevy LCF 3500/4500, '24- Chevy LCF 3500HG/4500HG/5500HG/5500XG. |- | F ||LCB|| 6.7L || I6 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV,<br /> 32 valve||Cummins B Series ISB engine. '22- Chevy LCF 6500XD, '23- Chevy LCF 7500XD. |- | 6 ||I1B|| 5.2L || I4 Turbo || Diesel ||SOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Isuzu 4HK1-TC engine. '17- Chevy LCF 4500HD/XD, 5500XD, '17-'24 Chevy LCF 5500HD,<br /> '18-'21 Chevy LCF 6500XD. |- | 7 ||IZ3|| 3.0L || I4 Turbo || Diesel ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Isuzu 4JJ1-TC engine. '16-'18 Chevy LCF 3500HD. |- |} ====Engine codes for AM General-built Hummer H1 2000-2006==== AM General encodes the engine type in character 4 of the VIN. {| class="wikitable" |- ! VIN !! RPO !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes |- | F || || 6.5L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV||Detroit Diesel V8 built by GEP (General Engine Products), a subsidiary of AM General.<br> '01-'04 Hummer H1 & '06 H1 Fleet models. |- | P ||LLY|| 6.6L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV,<br /> 32 valve||Duramax 6600 V8 engine. '06 Hummer H1 Alpha. |- | Z ||L65|| 6.5L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV||Detroit Diesel V8 built by GM. '00-'01 Hummer H1. |- |} ====Engine codes for Nissan-built vans==== Nissan encodes the engine type in character 4 of the VIN. {| class="wikitable" |- ! VIN !! RPO !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes |- | 3 ||L0A|| 2.0L || I4 || Gas ||DOHC,<br /> 16 valve||Nissan MR20DE engine. SFI. VVT. For the '15-'18 Chevrolet City Express. |- |} ====Engine codes for Navistar-built medium-duty trucks==== Navistar encodes the engine type in character 6 & 7 of the VIN. {| class="wikitable" |- ! VIN !! RPO !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes |- | PV ||L5D|| 6.6L || V8 Turbo || Diesel ||OHV,<br /> 32 valve||Duramax 6600 V8 engine. For the Chevy Silverado Medium Duty '19+. |- |} ==GM factories supplying North America== ===North American GM factories=== [[w:List_of_General_Motors_factories | List of GM Factories]] {| class="wikitable" !VIN code !Location !Notes |- |A |Lakewood Assembly (Lakewood Heights, Atlanta, Georgia) |through 1990 model year |- |B |Baltimore Assembly (Baltimore, Maryland) |through 2005 model year |- |B |Reatta Craft Centre/Lansing Craft Centre (Lansing Township, Michigan) |1988-2006 model year (except GM EV1) |- |B |GM Defense-Manufacturing Customer Innovation Center (MCIC) (Concord, North Carolina) |From 2024 model year. Chevrolet Suburban HD (a.k.a. HD SUV) (for US govt. only). |- |C |South Gate Assembly (South Gate, California) |through 1982 model year |- |C |Lansing Car Assembly (Lansing, Michigan) |South assembly line 1985-2004 model year |- |D |Doraville Assembly (Doraville, Georgia) |through 2009 model year |- |E |Linden Assembly (Linden, New Jersey) |through 1991 model year |- |E |Pontiac East Assembly (Pontiac, Michigan) |1988-2009 model year |- |E |AM General Military plant (Mishawaka, Indiana) |1992-2006 Hummer H1 |- |F |Flint Truck Assembly (Flint, Michigan) |since 1953 |- |F |Fairfax II Assembly (Kansas City, Kansas) |since 1988 model year |- |G |Framingham Assembly (Framingham, Massachusetts) |through 1989 model year |- |G |Silao Assembly (Silao, Guanajuato, Mexico) |since 1995 model year |- |H |Buick City Assembly (Flint, Michigan) |through 1999 model year |- |H |AM General Commercial plant (Mishawaka, Indiana) |2003-2009 Hummer H2 |- |H |Navistar Springfield plant (Main Line) (Springfield, Ohio) |2019- Chevrolet Silverado Medium Duty (4500HD/5500HD/6500HD) |- |J |Janesville Assembly (Janesville, Wisconsin) |through 2009 model year |- |J |Lansing Delta Township Assembly (Lansing, Michigan) |since 2007 model year |- |K |Leeds Assembly (Leeds, Kansas City, Missouri) |through 1988 model year |- |K |Linden Assembly (Linden, New Jersey) |from 1994-2005 model year |- |K |Nissan plant (Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico) |2015-2018 Chevrolet City Express |- |L |Van Nuys Assembly (Van Nuys, California) |through 1992 model year |- |L |San Luis Potosí Assembly (San Luis Potosí, Mexico) |since 2009 model year |- |M |Lansing Car Assembly (Lansing, Michigan) |through 1984 model year, North assembly line 1985-2005 model year |- |M |Toluca Assembly (Toluca, Mexico state, Mexico) |through 2008 model year |- |N |Norwood Assembly (Norwood, Ohio) |through 1987 model year |- |N |Navistar Springfield plant (Secondary Line) (Springfield, Ohio) |2017- Chevrolet Express cutaway, GMC Savana cutaway |- |P |Pontiac Assembly (Pontiac, Michigan) |through 1988 model year |- |R |Arlington Assembly (Arlington, Texas) |since 1965 [all GM brands]. (R plant code used only by Chevrolet in 1963-64) |- |S |St. Louis Assembly (St. Louis, Missouri) |through 1987 model year |- |S |Spring Hill Manufacturing (Spring Hill, Tennessee) |2002-2007 Saturn Vue & 2009-2010 Chevrolet Traverse only |- |S |Spartan Motors/Shyft Group plant (Charlotte, Michigan) |2016- Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 3500/3500HG/4500/4500HG/5500HG/5500XG/6500XD/7500XD |- |S |Ramos Arizpe Assembly (Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, Mexico) |since 1982 |- |T |Tarrytown Assembly (North Tarrytown, New York) |through 1996 model year |- |U |Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly (Factory Zero) <br /> (Detroit & Hamtramck, Michigan) |since 1986 model year |- |U |Artisan Center (Warren, Michigan) |From 2025 model year. Cadillac Celestiq only. |- |V |Pontiac Central Assembly (Pontiac, Michigan) |through 1991 model year |- |V |Pontiac East Assembly (Pontiac, Michigan) |through 1985 model year |- |W |Willow Run Assembly (Ypsilanti Township, Michigan) |through 1993 model year |- |X |Fairfax Assembly (Fairfax I) (Kansas City, Kansas) |through 1987 model year |- |Y |Wilmington Assembly (Wilmington, Delaware) |through 2010 model year |- |Z |Fremont Assembly (Fremont, California) |through 1982 model year |- |Z |NUMMI (Fremont, California) |1985-2010 model year |- |Z |Spring Hill Manufacturing (Spring Hill, Tennessee) |since 1991 model year (except Vue & Traverse) |- |Z |Fort Wayne Assembly (Roanoke, Indiana) |since 1988 model year |- |0 |Pontiac West Assembly (Pontiac, Michigan) |through 1994 model year |- |0 |Lansing Craft Centre (Lansing Township, Michigan) |GM EV1 only |- |0 |Lansing Grand River Assembly (Lansing, Michigan) |since 2003 model year |- |0 |Artisan Center (Warren, Michigan) |2024 Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing 20th Anniversary Edition where the final eight digits of the VIN are R0912004 through R0912024 or R0962004 through R0962024 |- |1 |Wentzville Assembly (Wentzville, Missouri) |since 1985 model year |- |1 |Oshawa Car Assembly (Oshawa, Ontario, Canada) |from 1967-1983 model year |- |1 |Oshawa Car Assembly (Line 2 a.k.a. Consolidated Line) (Oshawa, Ontario, Canada) |from 1984-2019 model year; switched to pickup trucks for 2019 model year |- |1 |Oshawa Car Assembly (Oshawa, Ontario, Canada) |Silverado pickup trucks since 2022 model year |- |1 |Oshawa Truck Assembly (Oshawa, Ontario, Canada) |through 2009 model year |- |2 |Moraine Assembly (Moraine, Ohio) |through 2009 model year |- |2 |Sainte-Thérèse Assembly (Boisbriand, Quebec, Canada) |through 2002 model year |- |3 |Detroit Truck & Bus plant (Piquette Ave., Detroit, Michigan) |through 1999 model year |- |3 |Saint-Eustache Bus Plant (Saint-Eustache, Quebec, Canada) |through 1987 model year |- |4 |Orion Assembly (Orion Township, Michigan) |since 1985 model year |- |4 |Scarborough Van Assembly (Scarborough, Ontario, Canada) |through 1993 model year |- |5 |Bowling Green Assembly (Bowling Green, Kentucky) |since 1981 model year |- |6 |Oklahoma City Assembly (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma) |through 2006 model year |- |6 |CAMI plant (Ingersoll, Ontario, Canada) |1990-2022 model year |- |7 |Lordstown Assembly (Warren, Ohio) |from 1979-2019 model year |- |8 |Shreveport Assembly (Shreveport, Louisiana) |through 2012 model year |- |9 |Detroit Assembly (Clark Street, Detroit, Michigan)<br> (Cadillac plant) |from 1979-1988 model year |- |9 |Oshawa Car Assembly (Line 1 a.k.a. Flex Line)<br> (Oshawa, Ontario, Canada) |from 1984-2020 model year |- |9 |KUKA plant (Livonia, Michigan) |2022 model year only (BrightDrop Zevo 600) |- |9 |CAMI plant (Ingersoll, Ontario, Canada) |since 2023 model year (BrightDrop Zevo) |} ===Non-North American GM factories supplying North America=== {| class="wikitable" !VIN code !Location !Models Sourced |- |A |SAIC-GM plant: Jinqiao, Pudong district, Shanghai, China |2017-2018 Cadillac CT6 Plug-in Hybrid |- |B |Daewoo/GM Daewoo/GM Korea plant: Bupyeong, South Korea |1988-1993 Pontiac LeMans, 2004-2011 Chevrolet Aveo, 2005-2010 Pontiac Wave/G3, 2004-2006 Chevrolet <br /> Epica (Canada), 2013-2022 Chevrolet Trax, Buick Encore, 2021- Chevrolet Trailblazer, 2020- Buick Encore GX, 2024- Buick Envista |- |C |GM Daewoo/GM Korea plant: Changwon, South Korea |2003-2010 Pontiac Matiz/Matiz G2 (Mexico), 2013-2022 Chevrolet Spark, 2024- Chevrolet Trax |- |D |SAIC-GM Dongyue Motors plant: Yantai, Shandong province, China |2016- Buick Envision, 2019-2023 Chevrolet Aveo (Mexico), 2023- Chevrolet Onix (Mexico) |- |G |Opel plant: Gliwice, Poland |2016-2019 Buick Cascada |- |K |Suzuki plant: Kosai, Shizuoka prefecture, Japan |1985-1988 Chevrolet Sprint, 1989-1990 Geo Metro hatchback, 1990-1993 Geo Metro convertible, 1985-1990 Pontiac Firefly (Canada), 1991 & 1994 Pontiac Firefly convertible & sedan (Canada) |- |K |GM Daewoo/GM Korea plant: Kunsan, South Korea |2004-2007 Chevrolet Optra (Canada), 2012-2014 Chevrolet Orlando (Canada) |- |L |Holden plant: Elizabeth, South Australia, Australia |2004-2006 Pontiac GTO, 2008-2009 Pontiac G8, 2011-2017 Chevrolet Caprice PPV, 2014-2017 Chevrolet SS |- |R |Opel plant: Rüsselsheim, Germany |1997-2001 Cadillac Catera |- |T |GM India plant: Talegaon, Maharashtra, India |2017-2021 Chevrolet Spark Classic/Beat (Mexico) |- |V |SAIC-GM Wuhan plant: Wuhan, Hubei province, China |2018-2021 Chevrolet Cavalier (Mexico), 2022- Chevrolet Cavalier Turbo (Mexico) |- |W |Suzuki plant: Iwata, Shizuoka prefecture, Japan |1989-1990 Geo Tracker |- |1 |Opel plant: Rüsselsheim, Germany |2011, 2018-2020 Buick Regal |- |3 |Isuzu plant: Kawasaki, Kanagawa prefecture, Japan |1987-1998 Chevrolet/GMC W5, 1989-1996 Chevrolet/GMC W6, 1984-1996 Chevrolet/GMC W7 |- |5 |Opel plant: Antwerp, Belgium |2008-2009 Saturn Astra |- |7 |Isuzu plant: Fujisawa, Kanagawa prefecture, Japan |1988 Chevrolet Spectrum, 1988 Pontiac Sunburst (Canada), 1989 Geo Spectrum, 1990-1993 Geo Storm,<br /> 1999-2008 Chevrolet/GMC W3500, 1988-2009 Chevrolet/GMC W4, 1999-2009 Chevrolet/GMC W5,<br /> 2000-2004 Chevrolet/GMC WT5500,<br /> 2016- Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 3500HD/4500HD/4500XD/5500HD/5500XD |- |8 |Isuzu plant: Fujisawa, Kanagawa prefecture, Japan |1981-1982 Chevrolet LUV, 1985-1987 Chevrolet Spectrum, 1985-1987 Pontiac Sunburst (Canada),<br /> 1986-1987 Chevrolet/GMC W4 |} ==GM WMIs== {| class=wikitable !WMI !Marque !Country |- |1G1||rowspan=57|Chevrolet||United States |- |1G8||United States (MPV 1981-1986) |- |1GA||United States (bus [van with more than 3 rows of seats]) |- |1GB||United States (incomplete vehicle) |- |1GC||United States (truck) |- |1GN||United States (MPV 1987-) |- |1HA||United States (Express incomplete vehicle made by Navistar) |- |1HT||United States ([[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Medium duty version_(4500HD,_5500HD,_6500HD,_and_International_CV)|Silverado Medium Duty]] incomplete vehicle made by Navistar) |- |1Y1||United States (made by NUMMI) |- |2C1||Canada (car made by CAMI) |- |2CN||Canada (SUV made by CAMI - 1998-2011) |- |2G1||Canada |- |2G5||Canada (truck - Chevrolet BrightDrop '25) |- |2G8||Canada (MPV 1981-1986) |- |2GA||Canada (bus [van with more than 3 rows of seats]) |- |2GB||Canada (incomplete vehicle) |- |2GC||Canada (truck) |- |2GN||Canada (MPV 1987-) |- |3G1||Mexico |- |3GC||Mexico (truck) |- |3GN||Mexico (MPV) |- |3N6||Mexico (Truck - City Express made by Nissan) |- |4G1||United States (made by Genasys L.C.) |- |4KB||United States (W-Series incomplete vehicle made by GM - through 2009) |- |4W1||United States (MPV - Chevrolet Suburban HD made for US govt. in Concord, NC) |- |54D||United States (incomplete vehicle made by Spartan Motors/The Shyft Group) |- |6G1||Australia (2011-2013 Caprice PPV) |- |6G3||Australia (2014-2017 Caprice PPV & SS performance sedan) |- |ADM||South Africa |- |J81||Japan (car made by Isuzu) |- |J8B||Japan (incomplete vehicle made by Isuzu - through 2009) |- |J8Z||Japan (LUV pickup made by Isuzu) |- |JAL||Japan (incomplete vehicle made by Isuzu - 2016+) |- |JG1||Japan (car made by Suzuki) |- |KL1||South Korea (car) |- |KL7||South Korea (MPV - 2012+) |- |KL8||South Korea (Spark) |- |LSF||China (S-10 Max made by SAIC-Maxus - Mexico only) |- |LSG||China (SAIC-GM) |- |LSH||China (Express Max made by SAIC-Maxus - Mexico only) |- |LZW||China (SAIC-GM-Wuling) |- |MA6||India |- |MJB||Indonesia (GM Indonesia) |- |MK3||Indonesia (SGMW Motor Indonesia) |- |MMM||Thailand |- |XUF||Russia (GM Russia - St. Petersburg plant) |- |XUU||Russia (Chevrolet Korea models made by Avtotor in Kaliningrad) |- |XWB||Uzbekistan (GM Uzbekistan, UzAuto Motors) |- |XWF||Russia (Chevrolet Tahoe & Trailblazer [GMT360] made by Avtotor in Kaliningrad) |- |X9L||Russia (GM-AvtoVAZ) |- |8AG||Argentina |- |8GG||Chile |- |8LD||Ecuador |- |8Z1||Venezuela |- |9BG||Brazil |- |93C||Brazil |- |9GC||Colombia |- |J81||rowspan=6|Geo||Japan (car made by Isuzu) |- |JG1||Japan (car made by Suzuki) |- |JGC||Japan (SUV made by Suzuki) |- |1Y1||United States (car made by NUMMI) |- |2C1||Canada (car made by CAMI) |- |2CN||Canada (SUV made by CAMI - 1990-1997) |- |KLA||rowspan=3|GM Daewoo/<br />GM Korea||South Korea (Bupyeong & Kunsan plants) |- |KLY||South Korea (Changwon plant) |- |5GD||United States (G2X) |- |1G2||rowspan=12|Pontiac||United States |- |1G5||United States (incomplete vehicle - for '89-'90 Turbo Grand Prix by ASC/McLaren) |- |1GM||United States (MPV) |- |2CK||Canada (2006-2009 Torrent made by CAMI) |- |2G2||Canada |- |2G7||Canada (US market 1983 Pontiac Parisienne) |- |3G2||Mexico |- |3G7||Mexico (MPV: 2001-2005 Aztek) |- |4G2||United States (made by Genasys L.C.) |- |5Y2||United States (made by NUMMI) |- |6G2||Australia |- |KL2||South Korea (made by Daewoo/GM Daewoo) |- |1G7||rowspan=6|Pontiac<br />(Canada only)||United States |- |2C7||Canada (car made by CAMI) |- |2CG||Canada (SUV made by CAMI) |- |2G7||Canada |- |J87||Japan (car made by Isuzu) |- |JG7||Japan (car made by Suzuki) |- |KL7||Passport<br />(Canada only)||South Korea (car made by Daewoo) |- |J87||rowspan=3|Asüna<br />(Canada only)||Japan (car made by Isuzu) |- |KL7||South Korea (car made by Daewoo) |- |2CG||Canada (SUV made by CAMI) |- |1G3||rowspan=3|Oldsmobile||United States |- |1GH||United States (MPV/SUV) |- |2G3||Canada |- |1G4||rowspan=9|Buick||United States |- |2G4||Canada |- |3G4||Mexico |- |3G5||Mexico (MPV) |- |4GL||United States (incomplete vehicle) |- |5GA||United States (MPV) |- |KL4||South Korea (MPV) |- |LRB||China (SAIC-GM) |- |W04||Germany & Poland |- |KLA||Alpheon||South Korea (2011-2015) |- |1G6||rowspan=10|Cadillac||United States |- |1GE||United States (incomplete vehicle) |- |1GY||United States (SUV) |- |2G6||Canada |- |2GE||Canada (incomplete vehicle) |- |3GY||Mexico (SUV) |- |LRE||China (SAIC-GM) |- |W06||Germany |- |XWF||Russia (made by Avtotor in Kaliningrad) |- |YSC||Sweden |- |1G8||rowspan=4|Saturn||United States |- |3GS||Mexico (SUV) |- |5GZ||United States (MPV/SUV) |- |W08||Belgium |- |1G0||rowspan=22|GMC||United States (bus 1981-1986) |- |1G5||United States (MPV 1981-1986) |- |1GD||United States (incomplete vehicle) |- |1GJ||United States (bus 1987-) |- |1GK||United States (MPV 1987-) |- |1GT||United States (truck) |- |2CK||Canada (1990-1991 Tracker made by CAMI - Canada only) |- |2CT||Canada (2010-2011 Terrain made by CAMI) |- |2G0||Canada (bus [van with more than 3 rows of seats] 1981-1986) |- |2G5||Canada (MPV 1981-1986) |- |2GD||Canada (incomplete vehicle) |- |2GH||Canada (transit bus) |- |2GJ||Canada (bus [van with more than 3 rows of seats] 1987-) |- |2GK||Canada (MPV 1987-) |- |2GT||Canada (truck) |- |3GK||Mexico (SUV) |- |3GT||Mexico (truck) |- |4KD||United States (W-Series incomplete vehicle made by GM - through 2009) |- |7GZ||United States (incomplete vehicle made by Navistar) |- |J8D||Japan (incomplete vehicle made by Isuzu - through 2009) |- |JGT||Japan (SUV made by Suzuki - Canada only) |- |KL6||South Korea (Middle East market Terrain '08-'10) |- |4GD||WhiteGMC||United States (1988-1989 Brigadier made by GM) |- |137||rowspan=6|Hummer||United States (H1 made by AM General) |- |5GN||United States (H3T) |- |5GR||United States (H2 made by AM General) |- |5GT||United States (H3) |- |ADM||South Africa (H3) |- |XWF||Russia (H2 & H3 made by Avtotor in Kaliningrad) |- |4G5||General Motors||United States (EV1) |- |2G5||rowspan=2|BrightDrop||Canada (Truck 2023-2024) |- |5G5||United States (Truck made by Kuka AG - 2022 only) |- |5G2||rowspan=2|Cruise||United States (car) (Cruise AV) |- |5G3||United States (MPV) (Cruise Origin AV) |- |YS3||rowspan=4|Saab||Sweden |- |JF4||Japan (9-2X made by Subaru) |- |3G0||Mexico (9-4X) |- |5S3||United States (9-7X) |- |W0L||rowspan=19|Opel/Vauxhall||Germany & the rest of Europe (2017 and earlier) |- |W0V||Germany & the rest of Europe (2018 and later) & Opel Ampera-e Mid-2017 - 2019 |- |W0L||when plant code is H: Thailand (Zafira A) |- |W0L||when plant code is 0: South Korea (Antara) or B: South Korea (Antara, Mokka A, Mokka X [A]) |- |W0L||when plant code is C: South Korea (Opel Karl/Vauxhall Viva) |- |W0V||when plant code is B: South Korea (Mokka X [A]) or C: South Korea (Opel Karl/Vauxhall Viva) |- |SCC||UK (Opel Lotus Omega made by Lotus) |- |SED||UK (made by IBC Vehicles) |- |TW8||Portugal |- |VF1||France (Arena made by Renault) |- |VN1||France (Movano A made by Renault at SOVAB plant in Batilly, France) |- |VSX||Spain |- |XUF||Russia (Opel made by GM Russia - St. Petersburg plant) |- |XWF||Russia (Opel made by Avtotor in Kaliningrad) |- |1G0||United States (Opel GT, Opel/Vauxhall Ampera, Opel Ampera-e Early - Mid-2017) |- |4GD||United States (Sintra) |- |ADM||South Africa |- |JAA||Japan (Opel Campo made by Isuzu) |- |JAC||Japan (Monterey made by Isuzu) |- |SKA||rowspan=4|Vauxhall Motors||UK |- |SCC||UK (Vauxhall Lotus Carlton made by Lotus) |- |6G1||Australia (Vauxhall Monaro & VXR8 made by Holden) |- |JAA||Japan (Vauxhall Brava made by Isuzu) |- |SKF||rowspan=2|Bedford Vehicles||UK |- |JAA||Japan (Bedford Brava made by Isuzu) |- |6G1||rowspan=18|Holden||Australia (2003-2017) |- |6H8||Australia (1989-2002) |- |JAA||Japan (Rodeo pickup [TF] made by Isuzu) |- |JAC||Japan (Jackaroo/Monterey made by Isuzu) |- |JSA||Japan (YG Cruze made by Suzuki) |- |KL3||South Korea |- |MMM||Thailand ('09-'11 Colorado pickup [RC] made by GM Thailand) |- |MMU||Thailand ('13-'20 Colorado pickup [RG], '13-'16 Colorado 7, '17-'20 Trailblazer made by GM Thailand) |- |MPA||Thailand ('04-'08 Rodeo pickup [RA] made by Isuzu Thailand) |- |SED||UK (1st gen. Frontera made by IBC Vehicles) |- |W0L||Germany & the rest of Europe (2017 and earlier) |- |W0L||when plant code is H: Thailand (Zafira A) |- |W0V||Germany & the rest of Europe (2018-2020) |- |1GH||United States (Acadia) |- |3G0||Mexico (Equinox) |- |3GM||Mexico (Suburban) |- |4S2||United States (2nd gen. Frontera made by [[w:Subaru Isuzu Automotive|SIA]]) |- |5G8||United States (Volt) |- |1GG||rowspan=4|Isuzu||United States (Truck - Hombre & i-Series made by GM) |- |4GT||United States (H-Series & T-Series incomplete vehicle made by GM - through 2009) |- |4KL||United States (N-Series incomplete vehicle made by GM - through 2009) |- |4NU||United States (MPV/SUV - Ascender made by GM) |- |W0L||Subaru||Thailand [plant code H] (Traviq made by GM Thailand for export to Japan) |- |4G3||Toyota||United States (Cavalier made by GM for export to Japan) |- |3GP||Honda||Mexico (MPV/SUV: 2024- Prologue made by GM) |- |4W5||Acura||United States (MPV/SUV: 2024 ZDX EV made by GM) |} {{BookCat}} 0m6w5klap3e19gkvbozga46nmaf3rg0 0 144292 4634583 2031869 2026-05-07T08:57:35Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634583 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WHSGUCDA}} Figure 1 shows a very simplistic version of a copper mineralization associated to a zone of fractures within a granodiorite intrusive. [[Image:Figure_1_ore_model.jpg|center]] {{center|'''Figure 1. Ore deposit model of a copper mineralization associated to a tectonic zone within a granodiorite intrusive.'''}} Table 1 shows the results of a random sampling using existing access to the top of the intrusive. '''Table 1. Chemical composition of the sampling of the granodiorite intrusive.''' {| class="wikitable" ! Sample ! Easting ! Northing ! SiO2 ! TiO2 ! Al203 ! Fe2O3 ! MgO ! CaO ! K2O ! Na2O ! P2O5 |- ! 259021 ! 845962.7 ! 833189 ! 56.00 ! 2.20 ! 6.00 ! 3.62 ! 5.11 ! 2.08 ! 5.03 ! 7.08 ! 3.00 |- ! 259022 ! 831978.5 ! 859092 ! 57.00 ! 1.25 ! 4.00 ! 2.54 ! 5.40 ! 2.19 ! 5.08 ! 7.19 ! 3.74 |- ! 259023 ! 857644.3 ! 846310 ! 55.00 ! 2.05 ! 7.00 ! 3.86 ! 5.55 ! 2.29 ! 5.19 ! 7.29 ! 3.46 |- ! 259024 ! 840369.6 ! 833920 ! 62.00 ! 2.19 ! 0.00 ! 2.47 ! 5.63 ! 2.29 ! 5.29 ! 7.29 ! 3.80 |- ! 259025 ! 833367.4 ! 857854 ! 56.04 ! 1.14 ! 6.00 ! 3.66 ! 5.69 ! 2.43 ! 5.29 ! 7.43 ! 3.14 |- ! 259026 ! 841526.8 ! 837288 ! 58.36 ! 1.48 ! 2.00 ! 2.75 ! 5.89 ! 2.45 ! 5.43 ! 7.45 ! 3.70 |- ! 259027 ! 850152.3 ! 854634 ! 61.00 ! 1.60 ! 1.00 ! 2.26 ! 5.95 ! 2.49 ! 5.45 ! 7.49 ! 3.17 |- ! 259028 ! 836406.1 ! 847121 ! 57.34 ! 1.58 ! 4.02 ! 2.94 ! 6.25 ! 2.54 ! 5.49 ! 7.54 ! 3.26 |- ! 259029 ! 893494.7 ! 891521 ! 62.00 ! 1.25 ! 0.66 ! 2.21 ! 6.28 ! 2.55 ! 5.54 ! 7.55 ! 3.08 |- ! 259030 ! 898079.8 ! 900849 ! 61.00 ! 1.60 ! 1.85 ! 3.19 ! 6.44 ! 2.60 ! 5.55 ! 7.60 ! 3.96 |- ! 259031 ! 917124.2 ! 893796 ! 61.00 ! 2.05 ! 1.49 ! 2.55 ! 6.46 ! 2.63 ! 5.60 ! 7.63 ! 3.66 |- ! 259032 ! 904564.7 ! 893086 ! 59.02 ! 1.15 ! 1.04 ! 2.70 ! 6.47 ! 2.65 ! 5.63 ! 7.65 ! 3.85 |- ! 259033 ! 900474.9 ! 898141 ! 59.00 ! 1.36 ! 2.47 ! 3.53 ! 6.49 ! 2.68 ! 5.65 ! 7.68 ! 3.44 |- ! 259034 ! 894560.4 ! 895311 ! 59.00 ! 1.61 ! 2.34 ! 3.56 ! 6.82 ! 2.71 ! 5.68 ! 7.71 ! 3.36 |- ! 259035 ! 913232.2 ! 903356 ! 57.80 ! 2.15 ! 3.09 ! 2.63 ! 6.98 ! 2.86 ! 5.71 ! 7.86 ! 3.45 |- ! 259036 ! 893128.5 ! 902967 ! 56.44 ! 1.15 ! 6.00 ! 3.48 ! 6.98 ! 2.91 ! 5.86 ! 7.91 ! 3.40 |- ! 259037 ! 892202.8 ! 894592 ! 59.00 ! 1.41 ! 2.30 ! 2.59 ! 7.18 ! 2.99 ! 5.91 ! 7.99 ! 3.13 |- ! 259038 ! 913071.1 ! 897870 ! 57.30 ! 1.06 ! 4.00 ! 3.62 ! 7.22 ! 3.02 ! 5.99 ! 8.02 ! 3.82 |- ! 259039 ! 906249.3 ! 907340 ! 58.09 ! 1.71 ! 3.50 ! 2.51 ! 7.74 ! 3.10 ! 6.02 ! 8.10 ! 3.66 |- ! 259040 ! 916724.1 ! 891607 ! 57.00 ! 1.16 ! 4.00 ! 3.27 ! 7.83 ! 3.15 ! 6.10 ! 8.15 ! 3.83 |- ! 259041 ! 909848.3 ! 915457 ! 60.00 ! 1.47 ! 1.44 ! 2.47 ! 7.89 ! 3.38 ! 6.15 ! 8.38 ! 3.27 |- ! 259042 ! 915608.1 ! 915306 ! 57.47 ! 1.83 ! 3.00 ! 3.57 ! 7.95 ! 3.56 ! 6.38 ! 8.56 ! 3.28 |- ! 259043 ! 871460 ! 863020 ! 55.66 ! 1.03 ! 7.00 ! 2.23 ! 7.96 ! 3.58 ! 6.56 ! 8.58 ! 3.08 |- ! 259044 ! 877894.5 ! 886973 ! 59.00 ! 1.13 ! 2.00 ! 3.33 ! 8.07 ! 3.68 ! 6.58 ! 8.68 ! 3.99 |- ! 259045 ! 886538.3 ! 888754 ! 59.00 ! 1.80 ! 2.80 ! 2.36 ! 8.10 ! 3.71 ! 6.68 ! 8.71 ! 3.60 |- ! 259046 ! 860434.9 ! 872223 ! 53.00 ! 1.36 ! 5.00 ! 3.16 ! 8.28 ! 3.82 ! 6.71 ! 8.82 ! 3.90 |- ! 259047 ! 885897.4 ! 864158 ! 57.00 ! 1.43 ! 4.00 ! 2.09 ! 8.30 ! 3.88 ! 6.82 ! 8.88 ! 3.91 |- ! 259048 ! 867351 ! 861364 ! 54.30 ! 2.16 ! 4.00 ! 3.98 ! 8.57 ! 3.90 ! 6.88 ! 8.90 ! 3.83 |- ! 259049 ! 860971.4 ! 864924 ! 54.20 ! 1.77 ! 3.36 ! 3.72 ! 8.59 ! 3.91 ! 6.90 ! 8.91 ! 3.82 |- ! 259050 ! 866588.3 ! 860513 ! 58.50 ! 1.00 ! 2.00 ! 3.10 ! 8.83 ! 1.00 ! 6.91 ! 2.00 ! 3.65 |- ! Sample ! Easting ! Northing ! Cu ! As ! Pb ! Co ! Ni ! Sc ! L.O.I. ! Other ! |- ! 259021 ! 845962.7 ! 833189 ! 0.00191 ! 0.00199 ! 0.00002 ! 0.00002 ! 0.00002 ! 0.01936 ! 6.19 ! 9.88 ! |- ! 259022 ! 831978.5 ! 859092 ! 0.00190 ! 0.00198 ! 0.00003 ! 0.00004 ! 0.00005 ! 0.01763 ! 8.16 ! 11.61 ! |- ! 259023 ! 857644.3 ! 846310 ! 0.00188 ! 0.00196 ! 0.00003 ! 0.00010 ! 0.00012 ! 0.02056 ! 5.09 ! 8.31 ! |- ! 259024 ! 840369.6 ! 833920 ! 0.00182 ! 0.00190 ! 0.00006 ! 0.00014 ! 0.00017 ! 0.00013 ! 5.97 ! 9.03 ! |- ! 259025 ! 833367.4 ! 857854 ! 0.00171 ! 0.00179 ! 0.00006 ! 0.00015 ! 0.00018 ! 0.01834 ! 6.60 ! 9.18 ! |- ! 259026 ! 841526.8 ! 837288 ! 0.00168 ! 0.00176 ! 0.00004 ! 0.00022 ! 0.00026 ! 0.01058 ! 8.01 ! 10.48 ! |- ! 259027 ! 850152.3 ! 854634 ! 0.00158 ! 0.00166 ! 0.00005 ! 0.00023 ! 0.00027 ! 0.00341 ! 7.40 ! 9.59 ! |- ! 259028 ! 836406.1 ! 847121 ! 0.00156 ! 0.00164 ! 0.00003 ! 0.00025 ! 0.00030 ! 0.01372 ! 6.97 ! 9.03 ! |- ! 259029 ! 893494.7 ! 891521 ! 0.00138 ! 0.00146 ! 0.00005 ! 0.00027 ! 0.00032 ! 0.00035 ! 7.00 ! 8.88 ! |- ! 259030 ! 898079.8 ! 900849 ! 0.00115 ! 0.00123 ! 0.00002 ! 0.00027 ! 0.00033 ! 0.00085 ! 4.00 ! 6.22 ! |- ! 259031 ! 917124.2 ! 893796 ! 0.00110 ! 0.00117 ! 0.00005 ! 0.00030 ! 0.00036 ! 0.00119 ! 4.00 ! 6.92 ! |- ! 259032 ! 904564.7 ! 893086 ! 0.00102 ! 0.00110 ! 0.00002 ! 0.00032 ! 0.00038 ! 0.00799 ! 8.00 ! 9.84 ! |- ! 259033 ! 900474.9 ! 898141 ! 0.00099 ! 0.00107 ! 0.00002 ! 0.00032 ! 0.00039 ! 0.00725 ! 5.00 ! 7.69 ! |- ! 259034 ! 894560.4 ! 895311 ! 0.00091 ! 0.00099 ! 0.00004 ! 0.00034 ! 0.00041 ! 0.00623 ! 4.00 ! 7.20 ! |- ! 259035 ! 913232.2 ! 903356 ! 0.00086 ! 0.00094 ! 0.00003 ! 0.00036 ! 0.00043 ! 0.01060 ! 5.00 ! 7.47 ! |- ! 259036 ! 893128.5 ! 902967 ! 0.00071 ! 0.00079 ! 0.00001 ! 0.00043 ! 0.00052 ! 0.01361 ! 3.00 ! 5.88 ! |- ! 259037 ! 892202.8 ! 894592 ! 0.00068 ! 0.00076 ! 0.00001 ! 0.00045 ! 0.00054 ! 0.00629 ! 5.00 ! 7.51 ! |- ! 259038 ! 913071.1 ! 897870 ! 0.00065 ! 0.00073 ! 0.00005 ! 0.00049 ! 0.00059 ! 0.01008 ! 2.00 ! 5.94 ! |- ! 259039 ! 906249.3 ! 907340 ! 0.00063 ! 0.00071 ! 0.00005 ! 0.00051 ! 0.00061 ! 0.00812 ! 1.50 ! 5.57 ! |- ! 259040 ! 916724.1 ! 891607 ! 0.00060 ! 0.00068 ! 0.00004 ! 0.00055 ! 0.00066 ! 0.01036 ! 1.56 ! 5.50 ! |- ! 259041 ! 909848.3 ! 915457 ! 0.00055 ! 0.00062 ! 0.00004 ! 0.00058 ! 0.00069 ! 0.00220 ! 2.00 ! 5.55 ! |- ! 259042 ! 915608.1 ! 915306 ! 0.00054 ! 0.00062 ! 0.00004 ! 0.00069 ! 0.00083 ! 0.00707 ! 1.23 ! 4.39 ! |- ! 259043 ! 871460 ! 863020 ! 0.00049 ! 0.00057 ! 0.00001 ! 0.00078 ! 0.00094 ! 0.01274 ! 1.12 ! 4.32 ! |- ! 259044 ! 877894.5 ! 886973 ! 0.00045 ! 0.00053 ! 0.00004 ! 0.00079 ! 0.00095 ! 0.00172 ! 0.35 ! 3.53 ! |- ! 259045 ! 886538.3 ! 888754 ! 0.00043 ! 0.00051 ! 0.00004 ! 0.00084 ! 0.00101 ! 0.00157 ! 0.08 ! 3.24 ! |- ! 259046 ! 860434.9 ! 872223 ! 0.00029 ! 0.00037 ! 0.00003 ! 0.00085 ! 0.00103 ! 0.00855 ! 1.25 ! 5.96 ! |- ! 259047 ! 885897.4 ! 864158 ! 0.00029 ! 0.00037 ! 0.00004 ! 0.00091 ! 0.00109 ! 0.00642 ! 0.08 ! 3.68 ! |- ! 259048 ! 867351 ! 861364 ! 0.00019 ! 0.00027 ! 0.00001 ! 0.00094 ! 0.00113 ! 0.00461 ! 0.05 ! 3.46 ! |- ! 259049 ! 860971.4 ! 864924 ! 0.00008 ! 0.00016 ! 0.00003 ! 0.00095 ! 0.00114 ! 0.00149 ! 0.89 ! 4.81 ! |- ! 259050 ! 866588.3 ! 860513 ! 0.00003 ! 0.00011 ! 0.00005 ! 0.00096 ! 0.00115 ! 0.00099 ! 6.94 ! 13.01 ! |- |} The initial data respond to the following pre-established conditions: # Is a close system, meaning that the sum of all the values is equal or very close to 100% # There are no zero values present (I will deal with zero values in a separate example to avoid complicating the initial model). # There are no statistical outliers (hurricane values) present. # There is a big difference between the concentRations of the major oxides with respect to the trace elements. # As shown in Figs. 2-4, there are embedded positive and significant correlation between Cu and As, Ni and Co, and MgO and K₂O. # Finally, I introduced significant negative correlations between K₂O and CaO (Fig. 5), SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ (Fig 6), K₂O and Cu (Fig. 7), Na₂O and K₂O (Fig. 8), and Co with Cu (Fig 9). [[Image:Figures_2_to_9_Pre_established_conditions.jpg|center]] According to these embedded conditions, any correlation analysis must give us two coefficients (Range Correlation Coefficient or RCC): ;Equation 1: Range Correlation Coefficient type A for the initial data, according to the embedded correlations. [[Image:Equation_1-RCC_Type_A.jpg|center]] ;Equation 2: Range Correlation Coefficient type B for the initial data, according to the embedded correlations. [[Image:Equation_2_RCC_Type_B.jpg|center]] {{WHSGUCDA/Foot}} r68jubbts987en1dmfx4dvmugorz63t 0 144293 4634584 3552758 2026-05-07T09:11:11Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634584 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WHSGUCDA}} ==Case One== For this case, I will process the initial dataset as a whole, without differentiating between major and trace elements. Since we established that there are no statistical outliers and no zero values within the data, the first step was to determine their distribution, using the kurtosis and skewness test as described by Kashdan et al, (1979). As one can see from Table 2, all elements responded to a Normal Distribution Law, except for CaO and Na2O, so the next step was to transform those values into Logarithms before testing their correlations. '''Table 2. Results of the analysis of kurtosis and skewness.''' {| class="wikitable" | | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | P₂O₅ |- | Kurtosis | 0.20 | 0.83 | 0.94 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.78 | 0.72 | 7.42 | 0.52 |- | Skewness | 2.64 | 2.04 | 2.56 | 1.68 | 1.83 | 3.53 | 1.93 | 18.30 | 1.77 |- | | | | | | | | | | |- | Kurtosis | Cu | As | Pb | Co | Ni | Sc | L.O.I. | | |- | Skewness | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.33 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 1.18 | 0.07 | | |- | | 1.93 | 1.93 | 2.06 | 1.93 | 1.93 | 2.45 | 1.64 | | |} Using Excel data analysis capabilities, I then determined the correlation analysis of the data (Table 3). '''Table 3. Correlation analysis of the initial dataset.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O |- | SiO₂ | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | TiO₂ | 0.11 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Al₂0₃ | -0.92 | -0.07 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Fe₂O₃ | -0.46 | 0.10 | 0.41 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | MgO | -0.13 | -0.21 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | CaO | 0.10 | 0.24 | 0.01 | -0.06 | -0.98 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | K₂O | -0.16 | -0.19 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.98 | -0.94 | 1.00 | &nbsp; |- | Na₂O | 0.10 | 0.24 | 0.01 | -0.06 | -0.98 | 1.00 | -0.94 | 1.00 |- | P₂O₅ | 0.07 | -0.04 | -0.21 | 0.10 | 0.35 | -0.34 | 0.36 | -0.34 |- | Cu | 0.10 | 0.24 | 0.01 | -0.06 | -0.98 | 1.00 | -0.94 | 1.00 |- | As | 0.10 | 0.24 | 0.01 | -0.06 | -0.98 | 1.00 | -0.94 | 1.00 |- | Pb | 0.30 | 0.04 | -0.30 | -0.18 | -0.08 | 0.17 | -0.09 | 0.17 |- | Co | -0.16 | -0.19 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.98 | -0.94 | 1.00 | -0.94 |- | Ni | -0.16 | -0.19 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.98 | -0.94 | 1.00 | -0.94 |- | Sc | -0.80 | -0.05 | 0.80 | 0.31 | -0.47 | 0.48 | -0.46 | 0.48 |- | L.O.I. | 0.17 | -0.44 | -0.30 | -0.52 | -0.31 | 0.27 | -0.37 | 0.27 |- | | | | | | | | | ''(continue)'' |} {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|Cu | style="text-align:center"|As | style="text-align:center"|Pb | style="text-align:center"|Co | style="text-align:center"|Ni | style="text-align:center"|Sc | style="text-align:center"|L.O.I. |- | P₂O₅ | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Cu | -0.34 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | As | -0.34 | 1.00 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Pb | 0.09 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Co | 0.36 | -0.94 | -0.94 | -0.09 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Ni | 0.36 | -0.94 | -0.94 | -0.09 | 1.00 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Sc | -0.32 | 0.48 | 0.48 | -0.21 | -0.46 | -0.46 | 1.00 | &nbsp; |- | L.O.I. | -0.30 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.08 | -0.37 | -0.37 | 0.15 | 1.00 |} To determine the significance of the obtained correlations, I then proceeded to calculate the critical value of Student using equation 3 (Table 4). ;Equation 3: Critical value of Student to determine the significance of the obtained correlations. [[Image:Equation_3_Student_critical_value.jpg]] Where, tc- critical value of Student r- correlation n- amount of data '''Table 4. Critical values of Student for the correlation analysis of the initial dataset.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O |- | SiO₂ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | TiO₂ | 0.59 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Al₂0₃ | 12.84 | 0.36 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Fe₂O₃ | 2.76 | 0.55 | 2.41 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | MgO | 0.68 | 1.12 | 0.04 | 0.17 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | CaO | 0.53 | 1.30 | 0.05 | 0.34 | 24.01 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | K₂O | 0.83 | 1.02 | 0.24 | 0.18 | 23.31 | 14.85 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Na₂O | 0.53 | 1.30 | 0.05 | 0.34 | 24.01 | 100.00 | 14.85 | &nbsp; |- | P₂O₅ | 0.40 | 0.21 | 1.14 | 0.53 | 1.95 | 1.91 | 2.04 | 1.91 |- | Cu | 0.53 | 1.30 | 0.05 | 0.34 | 24.01 | 100.00 | 14.85 | 100.00 |- | As | 0.53 | 1.30 | 0.05 | 0.34 | 24.01 | 100.00 | 14.85 | 100.00 |- | Pb | 1.66 | 0.19 | 1.69 | 0.98 | 0.44 | 0.90 | 0.50 | 0.90 |- | Co | 0.83 | 1.02 | 0.24 | 0.18 | 23.31 | 14.85 | 100.00 | 14.85 |- | Ni | 0.83 | 1.02 | 0.24 | 0.18 | 23.31 | 14.85 | 100.00 | 14.85 |- | Sc | 7.01 | 0.27 | 6.95 | 1.73 | 2.80 | 2.86 | 2.73 | 2.86 |- | L.O.I. | 0.91 | 2.61 | 1.69 | 3.20 | 1.75 | 1.48 | 2.12 | 1.48 |- | | | | | | | | | |- | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|Cu | style="text-align:center"|As | style="text-align:center"|Pb | style="text-align:center"|Co | style="text-align:center"|Ni | style="text-align:center"|Sc | |- | Cu | 1.91 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | |- | As | 1.91 | 100.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | |- | Pb | 0.46 | 0.90 | 0.90 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | |- | Co | 2.04 | 14.85 | 14.85 | 0.50 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | |- | Ni | 2.04 | 14.85 | 14.85 | 0.50 | 100.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | |- | Sc | 1.81 | 2.86 | 2.86 | 1.12 | 2.73 | 2.73 | &nbsp; | |- | L.O.I. | 1.66 | 1.48 | 1.48 | 0.40 | 2.12 | 2.12 | 0.83 | |} It is a common practice in geology that for n > 30 and a probability of 0.05 (95%), if t_c > 3, then the correlation is significant. Table 6 shows which correlations are significant from the initial dataset. '''Table 5. Results of the significant correlation analysis of the initial dataset.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O |- | SiO₂ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | TiO₂ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Al₂0₃ | -0.92 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Fe₂O₃ | -0.46 | &nbsp; | 0.41 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | MgO | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | CaO | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.98 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | K₂O | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | 0.98 | -0.94 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Na₂O | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.98 | 1.00 | -0.94 | &nbsp; |- | P₂O₅ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Cu | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.98 | 1.00 | -0.94 | 1.00 |- | As | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.98 | 1.00 | -0.94 | 1.00 |- | Pb | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Co | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | 0.98 | -0.94 | 1.00 | -0.94 |- | Ni | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | 0.98 | -0.94 | 1.00 | -0.94 |- | Sc | -0.80 | &nbsp; | 0.80 | &nbsp; | -0.47 | 0.48 | -0.46 | 0.48 |- | L.O.I. | &nbsp; | -0.44 | &nbsp; | -0.52 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.37 | &nbsp; |- | | | | | | | | | |- | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | style="text-align:center"|P2O5 | style="text-align:center"|Cu | style="text-align:center"|As | style="text-align:center"|Pb | style="text-align:center"|Co | style="text-align:center"|Ni | style="text-align:center"|Sc | style="text-align:center"|L.O.I. |- | As | &nbsp; | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Pb | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Co | &nbsp; | -0.94 | -0.94 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Ni | &nbsp; | -0.94 | -0.94 | &nbsp; | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Sc | &nbsp; | 0.48 | 0.48 | &nbsp; | -0.46 | -0.46 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | L.O.I. | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.37 | -0.37 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |} ===Selecting the proper RCCs=== Since the use of Range Correlation Coefficients (RCC) is not a common practice, I will explain in more detail the methodoLogy for their selection from the significant correlations. a. We start by ranging all correlations from the highest positive to the lowest negative correlation. b. Start at the bottom of the list and select all the negative significant correlations first to create the initial coefficient. c. After the first time you use a correlation pair, every time you get the same element, put a dot on top as shown in equation 4. ;Equation 4: Example of the calculation of the multiplicative factor on a RCC. [[Image:Equation_4_Exampla_RCC.jpg]] This example means that you had a significant positive correlation between Cu and As and two significant negative correlations between Co and Cu and Co and As. d. Once you finish with the negative significant correlations, go back to the top of the list and repeat the same process for the positive correlations. e. If it is possible, do combine the obtained coefficients. f. If you get a contradictory result, e.g. an element that has “conflicting correlations” with previous elements, take those elements out from the coefficient and start a new one. You can reduce the size of the obtained RCC by eliminating the less frequent elements and subtracting their influence from the overall coefficient. For example, let us assume that we obtained the RCC represented in equation 5 as follow: ;Equation 5: Hypothetical RCC to demonstrate the reduction process. [[Image:Equation_5_Hypothetical_RCC.jpg]] If we would like to eliminate the Sc and the L.O.I., we first eliminate the L.O.I. and subtract 2 from every element from equation 5. ;Equation 6: Hypothetical RCC without the L.O.I. component. [[Image:Equation_6_Hypothetical_RCC.jpg]] Then we would subtract the remaining Sc as shown in equation 7. ;Equation 7: Hypothetical RCC without the remaining Sc. [[Image:Equation_7_Hypothetical_RCC.jpg]] ===RCC from the initial dataset=== According to Table 5, and using the methodoLogy just described, I obtained the RCC shown in equation 8. ;Equation 8: RCC1 for the initial dataset. [[Image:Equation_8_RCC1.jpg]] In addition, because L.O.I. has a conflicting correlation with some elements from RCC1, I created a separated RCC for this case as shown in equation 9. ;Equation 9: RCC 2 for the initial dataset. [[Image:Equation 9 RCC2.jpg]] Before we use SURFER v. 8.0 to graphically plot these coefficients over our model of mineralization, let us graphically analyze these coefficients using Grapher v. 7.0, also from the Golden Software suite of programs (www.goldensoftware.com). ===Analysis of the RCCs from the initial dataset.=== The objective of the processing of the data should be to obtain a RCC that will be as similar as possible to our theoretical ones represented by equations 1 and specially equation 2. We can see that we obtained all the embedded correlations, but “masked” by the presence of spurious (inexistent) ones. For example: #There is no correlation whatsoever between Al2O3 and the other elements (Fig. 10) #Same situation with the Fe2O3 (Fig. 11). #Same situation with the Sc (Fig 12). #Same situation with the TiO2 (Fig. 13). #Same situation with the L.O.I. (Fig. 14). [[Image:Figures_10_to_14_Absence_correlations.jpg]] Note however, that if we only choose the most strong correlations (r>0.92), then we get a RCC with just the embedded correlations. == Case Two == A more common way to study this kind of data will be to separate the major oxides from the trace elements and treat them separately. It is often intuitively clear for geologists that when mixing percentages with ppm or ppb, the existing correlation between the trace elements is masked or eliminated by the relationships between the major oxides. So I proceeded to separate the initial dataset into major oxides and trace elements (Tables 7 and 8 in the file Initial data.xls [worksheet “Processing”], located in the attached CD). ===Major oxides=== '''Table 6. Correlation for the major oxides from the initial dataset.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|L.O.I. |- | SiO₂ | &nbsp;1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | TiO₂ | 0.11 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Al₂0₃ | -0.92 | -0.07 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Fe₂O₃ | -0.46 | 0.10 | 0.41 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | MgO | -0.13 | -0.21 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | CaO | 0.10 | 0.24 | 0.01 | -0.06 | -0.98 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | K₂O | -0.16 | -0.19 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.98 | -0.94 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Na₂O | 0.10 | 0.24 | 0.01 | -0.06 | -0.98 | 1.00 | -0.94 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | P₂O₅ | 0.07 | -0.04 | -0.21 | 0.10 | 0.35 | -0.34 | 0.36 | -0.34 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | SiO₂ | 0.17 | -0.44 | -0.30 | -0.52 | -0.31 | 0.27 | -0.37 | 0.27 | -0.30 | 1.00&nbsp; |} '''Table 7. Critical value of Student for the correlations of the major oxides of the original dataset.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|&nbsp; | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|L.O.I. |- | SiO₂ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | TiO₂ | 0.59 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Al₂0₃ | 12.84 | 0.36 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Fe₂O₃ | 2.76 | 0.55 | 2.41 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | MgO | 0.68 | 1.12 | 0.04 | 0.17 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | CaO | 0.53 | 1.30 | 0.05 | 0.34 | 24.01 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | K₂O | 0.83 | 1.02 | 0.24 | 0.18 | 23.31 | 14.85 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Na₂O | 0.53 | 1.30 | 0.05 | 0.34 | 24.01 | 100.00 | 14.85 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | P₂O₅ | 0.40 | 0.21 | 1.14 | 0.53 | 1.95 | 1.91 | 2.04 | 1.91 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | L.O.I. | 0.91 | 2.61 | 1.69 | 3.20 | 1.75 | 1.48 | 2.12 | 1.48 | 1.66 | &nbsp; |} '''Table 8. Significant correlations for the major oxides from the initial dataset.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|L.O.I. |- | SiO₂ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | TiO₂ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Al₂0₃ | -0.92 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Fe₂O₃ | -0.46 | &nbsp; | 0.41 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | MgO | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | CaO | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.98 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | K₂O | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | 0.98 | -0.94 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Na₂O | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.98 | 1.00 | -0.94 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | P₂O₅ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | L.O.I. | &nbsp; | -0.44 | &nbsp; | -0.52 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.37 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |} ==== Analysis of the RCCs from the major oxides of the initial dataset. ==== As it was the case when we processed the whole dataset, here we obtain a RCC that contains the hypothetical one that we are looking to obtain (equation 1), but it is masked by the presence of other elements, many of them without real correlations between them (equation 10). '''Equation 10. RCC3 for the major oxides of the initial dataset.''' [[Image:RCC3 for the major oxides of the initial dataset Equation_10.jpg]] === Trace elements === '''Table 9. Correlation analysis of the trace elements of the initial dataset.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | style="text-align:center"|Cu | style="text-align:center"|As | style="text-align:center"|Pb | style="text-align:center"|Co | style="text-align:center"|Ni | style="text-align:center"|Sc |- | Cu | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | As | 1.00 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Pb | 0.17 | 0.17 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Co | -0.94 | -0.94 | -0.09 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Ni | -0.94 | -0.94 | -0.09 | 1.00 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Sc | 0.48 | 0.48 | -0.21 | -0.46 | -0.46 | 1.00&nbsp; |} '''Table 10. Critical value of Student for the correlations of the trace elements of the original dataset.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|&nbsp; | style="text-align:center"|Cu | style="text-align:center"|As | style="text-align:center"|Pb | style="text-align:center"|Co | style="text-align:center"|Ni | style="text-align:center"|Sc |- | Cu | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | As | 100.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Pb | 0.90 | 0.90 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Co | 14.85 | 14.85 | 0.50 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Ni | 14.85 | 14.85 | 0.50 | 100.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Sc | 2.86 | 2.86 | 1.12 | 2.73 | 2.73 | &nbsp; |} '''Table 11. Significant correlations for the trace elements from the initial dataset.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|&nbsp; | style="text-align:center"|Cu | style="text-align:center"|As | style="text-align:center"|Pb | style="text-align:center"|Co | style="text-align:center"|Ni | style="text-align:center"|Sc |- | Cu | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | As | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Pb | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Co | -0.94 | -0.94 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Ni | -0.94 | -0.94 | &nbsp; | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Sc | 0.48 | 0.48 | &nbsp; | -0.46 | -0.46 | &nbsp; |} ==== Analysis of the RCCs from the Trace Elements of the initial dataset. ==== As it was the case when we processed the whole dataset, here we obtain a RCC that contains the hypothetical one that we are looking to obtain (equation 2), but it is masked by the presence of other elements, many of them without real correlations between them (equation 11). '''Equation 11. RCC 4 for the trace elements of the initial dataset.''' [[Image:RCC 4 for the trace elements of the initial dataset Equation_11.jpg]] == Graphical representation of the RCCs == Using SURFER v.8 from Golden Software Inc., (you can download the demos from www.goldensoftware.com), I obtained Figures 15 – 18. [[Image:Graphical representation of the RCCs Figures_15_to_18.jpg]] RCC1 only maps the southwestern border of the mineralized target in a much-dispersed fan that makes it impossible to use as a targeting tool. This was our best RCC from the analysis of the whole dataset. The only reason why RCC2 partially covers the ore body is the strong and real correlations between Ni, Co, and K₂O. None of these elements have however, a correlation with L.O.I:, therefore, this is a classic example of the formation of a spurious correlation because we applied correlation analysis to a “closed” dataset. RCC3 contains one of the embedded correlations (SiO₂ vs. Al₂O₃), but it also contains several spurious correlations and, since it is a petrographic association, has little to do with the location of the ore body. Finally, RRC4 is mostly our main embedded correlation, and although it also contains some spurious components (e.g. correlation with Sc), it is not surprising that it maps perfectly the ore body. == Conclusions and recommendations from the processing of the initial dataset == Closed systems do provoke spurious correlations that mask the effectiveness of the established RCC. This is especially true when processing datasets that contain a combination of major oxides and trace elements. In those cases, I recommend to use only the extremely intense correlations. A more useful solution is to separate major oxides from trace elements, and concentrate again only on the intense correlations. The disadvantage here is that we do not use the combine information of both groups of elements. Will the transformation of the data be more efficient in the creation of RCCs that will help us target the mineralized zone within the granodiorite intrusive? = Compositional Data Analysis = The CoDaPack software (which is included in the attached CD and the user guide is presented in Appendix 1) offers three type of transformation, the Centered Log-Ratio transformation (CRL), the Additive Log-Ratio transformation (ARL), and the Isometric Log-Ratio transformation (IRL). The last two require a column with the residual (100 minus the sum of all the other components). == Centered Log-Ratio Transformation (CLR) == Appendix 1 contains the instructions on how to use the CoDaPack software. Since there are no zero values in our dataset, we can proceed directly to the CLR transformation (see table). '''Table 12. Results of the CLR transformation of the initial dataset.''' {| class="wikitable" | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|Cu | As | Pb | Co | Ni | Sc | L.O.I. | Sum |- | 5.750 | 1.681 | 2.933 | 2.812 | 2.597 | 3.045 | 3.614 | 3.868 | 2.976 | -4.577 | -4.537 | -8.323 | -5.271 | -5.088 | -5.241 | 3.760 | 0 |- | 5.684 | 2.002 | 2.335 | 2.379 | 1.641 | 2.982 | 3.561 | 3.818 | 3.004 | -4.667 | -4.625 | -8.384 | -5.360 | -5.178 | -3.406 | 4.214 | 0 |- | 6.403 | 3.060 | 4.222 | 3.180 | 4.067 | 3.104 | 3.941 | 4.262 | 3.611 | -5.874 | -5.633 | -7.486 | -6.567 | -6.385 | -6.691 | 2.788 | 0 |- | 6.215 | 2.311 | 4.034 | 2.883 | 3.880 | 3.020 | 3.800 | 4.108 | 3.213 | -5.435 | -5.299 | -7.920 | -6.128 | -5.946 | -5.866 | 3.128 | 0 |- | 6.041 | 2.649 | 3.722 | 2.867 | 3.540 | 2.885 | 3.653 | 3.958 | 3.229 | -5.490 | -5.367 | -7.996 | -6.183 | -6.001 | -4.804 | 3.299 | 0 |- | 6.149 | 2.510 | 3.830 | 3.197 | 3.648 | 2.973 | 3.751 | 4.059 | 3.415 | -5.476 | -5.341 | -8.855 | -6.169 | -5.987 | -5.028 | 3.322 | 0 |- | 6.055 | 2.412 | 3.736 | 2.760 | 3.554 | 2.842 | 3.641 | 3.953 | 3.097 | -5.752 | -5.592 | -7.930 | -6.445 | -6.263 | -3.736 | 3.667 | 0 |- | 5.755 | 1.799 | 3.064 | 2.879 | 2.776 | 2.953 | 3.561 | 3.827 | 3.062 | -4.773 | -4.724 | -8.338 | -5.466 | -5.284 | -4.685 | 3.594 | 0 |- | 5.917 | 2.182 | 3.225 | 2.790 | 2.938 | 2.907 | 3.615 | 3.907 | 2.981 | -5.165 | -5.082 | -9.606 | -5.858 | -5.676 | -3.230 | 4.156 | 0 |- | 5.848 | 2.140 | 3.363 | 2.658 | 3.140 | 2.903 | 3.571 | 3.852 | 2.938 | -5.010 | -4.944 | -8.466 | -5.703 | -5.521 | -4.367 | 3.598 | 0 |- | 5.715 | 2.226 | 2.753 | 2.969 | 2.348 | 3.016 | 3.587 | 3.841 | 2.994 | -4.610 | -4.569 | -8.724 | -5.303 | -5.120 | -4.855 | 3.732 | 0 |- | 6.434 | 2.613 | 3.084 | 3.322 | 2.391 | 3.124 | 4.017 | 4.348 | 3.710 | -7.006 | -6.338 | -8.128 | -7.699 | -7.517 | -1.647 | 5.293 | 0 |- | 5.890 | 2.288 | 3.198 | 3.082 | 2.911 | 2.798 | 3.549 | 3.851 | 3.025 | -5.480 | -5.370 | -8.367 | -6.173 | -5.991 | -3.267 | 4.055 | 0 |- | 5.944 | 2.170 | 3.252 | 3.127 | 2.965 | 2.840 | 3.597 | 3.901 | 3.103 | -5.476 | -5.361 | -8.985 | -6.169 | -5.987 | -3.061 | 4.140 | 0 |- | 5.745 | 2.016 | 2.112 | 2.860 | 1.005 | 3.022 | 3.614 | 3.875 | 3.072 | -4.661 | -4.616 | -8.815 | -5.354 | -5.172 | -3.051 | 4.348 | 0 |- | 5.986 | 2.313 | 3.131 | 2.930 | 2.778 | 2.807 | 3.611 | 3.925 | 3.228 | -5.832 | -5.664 | -8.176 | -6.525 | -6.343 | -2.629 | 4.460 | 0 |- | 5.585 | 2.092 | 2.893 | 2.367 | 2.606 | 2.811 | 3.407 | 3.669 | 2.789 | -4.879 | -4.833 | -8.711 | -5.572 | -5.390 | -4.947 | 6.112 | 0 |- | 5.589 | 2.319 | 2.162 | 2.929 | 1.382 | 2.906 | 3.478 | 3.733 | 2.892 | -4.725 | -4.684 | -9.647 | -5.419 | -5.236 | -3.831 | 6.154 | 0 |- | 6.931 | 3.640 | -3.984 | 4.276 | -3.984 | 3.709 | 4.571 | 4.897 | 4.165 | -5.628 | -5.286 | -7.419 | -6.321 | -6.139 | -0.961 | 7.529 | 0 |- | 5.739 | 2.447 | 2.711 | 2.648 | 2.268 | 2.679 | 3.424 | 3.725 | 2.921 | -5.565 | -5.460 | -8.624 | -6.259 | -6.076 | -2.865 | 6.287 | 0 |- | 6.149 | 2.161 | 1.709 | 2.933 | -4.778 | 3.400 | 4.011 | 4.277 | 3.255 | -4.332 | -4.283 | -9.136 | -5.025 | -4.843 | -2.233 | 6.735 | 0 |- | 5.669 | 1.776 | 2.319 | 2.812 | 1.626 | 2.756 | 3.433 | 3.717 | 2.970 | -5.191 | -5.121 | -8.467 | -5.884 | -5.702 | -2.944 | 6.231 | 0 |- | 5.859 | 2.264 | 2.661 | 2.889 | 2.104 | 2.723 | 3.513 | 3.824 | 2.993 | -5.806 | -5.658 | -8.487 | -6.499 | -6.317 | -2.479 | 6.415 | 0 |- | 5.857 | 1.963 | 2.185 | 3.070 | 0.992 | 2.875 | 3.592 | 3.886 | 3.047 | -5.234 | -5.146 | -9.372 | -5.927 | -5.745 | -2.473 | 6.429 | 0 |- | 5.627 | 2.105 | 2.693 | 2.487 | 2.302 | 2.672 | 3.361 | 3.648 | 2.864 | -5.320 | -5.246 | -8.270 | -6.013 | -5.831 | -3.248 | 6.171 | 0 |- | 5.827 | 1.894 | 3.141 | 2.744 | 2.855 | 2.718 | 3.478 | 3.782 | 3.097 | -5.616 | -5.498 | -9.262 | -6.309 | -6.126 | -3.080 | 6.355 | 0 |- | 5.572 | 2.126 | 2.426 | 2.793 | 1.908 | 2.739 | 3.374 | 3.647 | 2.711 | -5.065 | -5.009 | -8.585 | -5.758 | -5.576 | -3.431 | 6.126 | 0 |- | 6.959 | 3.722 | 2.934 | 4.220 | -3.974 | 3.642 | 4.550 | 4.884 | 4.033 | -7.440 | -6.180 | -7.796 | -8.133 | -7.950 | -1.010 | 7.539 | 0 |- | 6.189 | 2.295 | 2.206 | 3.459 | -0.946 | 2.993 | 3.829 | 4.150 | 3.307 | -5.971 | -5.733 | -7.564 | -6.664 | -6.482 | -1.836 | 6.768 | 0 |- | 5.668 | 1.683 | 2.451 | 2.907 | 1.879 | 2.714 | 3.409 | 3.698 | 2.961 | -5.300 | -5.224 | -8.289 | -5.994 | -5.811 | -2.978 | 6.225 | 0 |} As Table 12 shows, the dataset is now “open”, since the sum of all the components is equal to zero, not 100%. Once I achieved this transformation, I processed the data following the same steps as with the initial dataset. Tables 13 to 15 show the results of this process. '''Table 13. Correlation analysis of the CLR transformed data.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|''Cu'' | style="text-align:center"|''As'' | style="text-align:center"|''Pb'' | style="text-align:center"|''Co'' | style="text-align:center"|''Ni'' | style="text-align:center"|''Sc'' | style="text-align:center"|''L.O.I.'' |- | SiO₂ | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | TiO₂ | 0.87 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Al₂0₃ | -0.32 | -0.33 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Fe₂O₃ | 0.87 | 0.78 | -0.49 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | MgO | -0.51 | -0.43 | 0.68 | -0.61 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | CaO | 0.82 | 0.71 | -0.52 | 0.77 | -0.74 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | K₂O | 0.96 | 0.83 | -0.45 | 0.88 | -0.67 | 0.94 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Na₂O | 0.98 | 0.85 | -0.43 | 0.89 | -0.64 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | P₂O₅ | 0.97 | 0.85 | -0.39 | 0.88 | -0.51 | 0.83 | 0.95 | 0.96 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Cu | -0.69 | -0.65 | -0.09 | -0.61 | 0.12 | -0.26 | -0.53 | -0.58 | -0.65 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | As | -0.57 | -0.54 | -0.16 | -0.48 | -0.05 | -0.05 | -0.36 | -0.42 | -0.53 | 0.96 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Pb | 0.56 | 0.51 | -0.15 | 0.43 | -0.11 | 0.35 | 0.48 | 0.50 | 0.55 | -0.49 | -0.47 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Co | -0.69 | -0.65 | -0.09 | -0.61 | 0.12 | -0.26 | -0.53 | -0.58 | -0.65 | 1.00 | 0.96 | -0.49 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Ni | -0.69 | -0.65 | -0.09 | -0.61 | 0.12 | -0.26 | -0.53 | -0.58 | -0.65 | 1.00 | 0.96 | -0.49 | 1.00 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Sc | 0.34 | 0.26 | -0.56 | 0.49 | -0.69 | 0.30 | 0.37 | 0.39 | 0.35 | -0.42 | -0.35 | 0.00 | -0.42 | -0.42 | 1.00&nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | L.O.I | 0.14 | 0.18 | -0.58 | 0.33 | -0.71 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.16 | -0.23 | -0.16 | -0.07 | -0.23 | -0.23 | 0.76 | 1.00&nbsp; |} '''Table 14. Critical value of Student of the CLR transformed data.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|''Cu'' | style="text-align:center"|''As'' | style="text-align:center"|''Pb'' | style="text-align:center"|''Co'' | style="text-align:center"|''Ni'' | style="text-align:center"|''Sc'' | style="text-align:center"|''L.O.I.'' |- | SiO₂ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | TiO₂ | 9.32 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Al₂0₃ | 1.78 | 1.86 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Fe₂O₃ | 9.27 | 6.60 | 2.99 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | MgO | 3.12 | 2.52 | 4.93 | 4.12 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | CaO | 7.61 | 5.30 | 3.20 | 6.47 | 5.81 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | K₂O | 18.35 | 7.97 | 2.67 | 9.62 | 4.72 | 15.22 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Na₂O | 23.88 | 8.43 | 2.53 | 10.06 | 4.44 | 12.48 | 79.36 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | P₂O₅ | 20.04 | 8.39 | 2.26 | 9.85 | 3.17 | 7.94 | 16.26 | 18.63 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Cu | 5.03 | 4.51 | 0.47 | 4.02 | 0.66 | 1.42 | 3.31 | 3.74 | 4.58 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | As | 3.67 | 3.35 | 0.83 | 2.86 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 2.06 | 2.45 | 3.31 | 19.40 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Pb | 3.55 | 3.13 | 0.79 | 2.49 | 0.61 | 1.99 | 2.92 | 3.08 | 3.45 | 2.97 | 2.82 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Co | 5.03 | 4.51 | 0.47 | 4.02 | 0.66 | 1.42 | 3.31 | 3.74 | 4.58 | 100.00 | 19.40 | 2.97 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Ni | 5.03 | 4.51 | 0.47 | 4.02 | 0.66 | 1.42 | 3.31 | 3.74 | 4.58 | 100.00 | 19.40 | 2.97 | 100.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Sc | 1.90 | 1.43 | 3.54 | 2.94 | 5.06 | 1.64 | 2.14 | 2.21 | 1.99 | 2.44 | 1.98 | 0.02 | 2.44 | 2.44 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | L.O.I | 0.77 | 0.95 | 3.74 | 1.87 | 5.36 | 1.06 | 1.16 | 1.17 | 0.88 | 1.26 | 0.87 | 0.39 | 1.26 | 1.26 | 6.27 | &nbsp; |} '''Table 15. Significant correlations of the CLR transformed data.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|''Cu'' | style="text-align:center"|''As'' | style="text-align:center"|''Pb'' | style="text-align:center"|''Co'' | style="text-align:center"|''Ni'' | style="text-align:center"|''Sc'' | style="text-align:center"|''L.O.I.'' |- | SiO₂ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | TiO₂ | 0.87 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Al₂0₃ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Fe₂O₃ | 0.87 | 0.78 | -0.49 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | MgO | -0.51 | -0.43 | 0.68 | -0.61 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | CaO | 0.82 | 0.71 | -0.52 | 0.77 | -0.74 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | K₂O | 0.96 | 0.83 | -0.45 | 0.88 | -0.67 | 0.94 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Na₂O | 0.98 | 0.85 | -0.43 | 0.89 | -0.64 | 0.92 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | P₂O₅ | 0.97 | 0.85 | -0.39 | 0.88 | -0.51 | 0.83 | 0.95 | 0.96 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Cu | -0.69 | -0.65 | &nbsp; | -0.61 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.53 | -0.58 | -0.65 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | As | -0.57 | -0.54 | &nbsp; | -0.48 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.36 | -0.42 | -0.53 | 0.96 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Pb | 0.56 | 0.51 | &nbsp; | 0.43 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | 0.48 | 0.50 | 0.55 | -0.49 | -0.47 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Co | -0.69 | -0.65 | &nbsp; | -0.61 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.53 | -0.58 | -0.65 | 1.00 | 0.96 | -0.49 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Ni | -0.69 | -0.65 | &nbsp; | -0.61 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.53 | -0.58 | -0.65 | 1.00 | 0.96 | -0.49 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Sc | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.56 | 0.49 | -0.69 | &nbsp; | 0.37 | 0.39 | &nbsp; | -0.42 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.42 | -0.42 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | L.O.I | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | -0.58 | &nbsp; | -0.71 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | 0.76 | &nbsp; |} Using SYSTAT SPSS 10.0 for Windows I constructed a matrix of scatter plots (Fig. 19) to confirm the results from table 15, as well as some individual graphics using Grapher 7.0 which clearly show that all the correlations now are real (Figs. 20 – 23). [[Image:Matrix of scatter plots for the CLR transformed data Figure_19.jpg]] '''Figure 19. Matrix of scatter plots for the CLR transformed data.''' | [[Image:Real Correlations Figures_20_to_23.jpg]] Equation 12 shows the RCC determined for the CLR transformed data and equation 13 shows the same RCC, but reduced by eliminating the SiO₂ and the L.O.I. '''Equation 12. RCC5 for the CLR transformed data.''' [[Image:RCC5 for the CLR transformed data Equation_12.jpg]] '''Equation 13. RCC5a for the CLR transformed data after reducing the SiO₂ and the L.O.I.''' [[Image:RCC5a for the CLR transformed data after reducing the SiO2 and the LOI Equation_13.jpg]] Fig. 24 shows that RCC5a can effectively target the copper mineralization within the granodiorite intrusive. [[Image:The RCC5a can effectively target the copper mineralization within the granodiorite intrusive Figure_24.jpg]] '''Figure 24. The RCC5a can effectively target the copper mineralization within the granodiorite intrusive.''' Now, if we will use only the strongest correlations (r>0.95) then we will obtain RCC6 and RCC7 (equations 14 and 15). '''Equation 14. RCC 6 for correlations stronger than ±0.95 for the CLR transformed data.''' [[Image:RCC 6 for correlations stronger than ±0.95 for the CLR transformed data Equation_14.jpg]] '''Equation 15. RCC 7 for correlations stronger than ±0.95 for the CLR transformed data.''' [[Image:RCC 7 for correlations stronger than ±0.95 for the CLR transformed data Equation_15.jpg]] As one can see from Fig. 25, RCC 6 is an almost perfect match with the location of the ore body. The RCC 7 (Fig 26) is similar to RCC 3 and represents a petroLogic association. [[Image:Almost perfect correspondence between the RCC 6 and the location of the ore body Figure_25.jpg]] '''Figure 25. Almost perfect correspondence between the RCC 6 and the location of the ore body.''' [[Image:RCC 7 represents a petroLogic association of major oxides Figure_26.jpg]] '''Figure 26. RCC 7 represents a petroLogic association of major oxides.''' == Additive Log-Ratio Transformation (ARL) == Table 16 shows the results of the transformation of the original dataset<ref name="ftn2">^{Remember to add a column of the residuals to the original dataset.}</ref>. Tables 17 through 19 show the results of the correlation analysis. '''Table 16. ALR transformed data.''' {| class="wikitable" | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | Cu | As | Pb | Co | Ni | Sc | L.O.I. |- | 2.916 | -0.322 | 0.682 | 0.176 | 0.521 | -0.235 | 0.506 | 0.892 | -0.011 | -7.368 | -7.327 | -11.839 | -12.176 | -11.994 | -5.054 | 0.713 |- | 3.048 | -0.772 | 0.392 | -0.063 | 0.691 | -0.058 | 0.631 | 1.027 | 0.324 | -7.259 | -7.218 | -11.513 | -11.084 | -10.902 | -5.033 | 1.105 |- | 3.087 | -0.204 | 1.026 | 0.432 | 0.794 | 0.047 | 0.727 | 1.112 | 0.321 | -7.194 | -7.153 | -11.263 | -10.165 | -9.983 | -4.805 | 0.708 |- | 3.307 | -0.036 | -7.728 | 0.084 | 0.908 | 0.168 | 0.846 | 1.219 | 0.515 | -7.129 | -7.086 | -10.582 | -9.663 | -9.481 | -9.787 | 0.967 |- | 3.533 | -0.360 | 1.299 | 0.803 | 1.245 | 0.568 | 1.173 | 1.572 | 0.651 | -6.865 | -6.820 | -10.220 | -9.320 | -9.137 | -4.492 | 1.394 |- | 3.679 | 0.006 | 0.306 | 0.623 | 1.386 | 0.694 | 1.304 | 1.685 | 0.921 | -6.774 | -6.728 | -10.484 | -8.832 | -8.650 | -4.936 | 1.693 |- | 4.529 | 0.886 | 0.418 | 1.234 | 2.201 | 1.597 | 2.115 | 2.528 | 1.571 | -6.032 | -5.983 | -9.456 | -7.971 | -7.789 | -5.262 | 2.420 |- | 4.637 | 1.042 | 1.979 | 1.667 | 2.420 | 1.777 | 2.291 | 2.702 | 1.771 | -5.874 | -5.825 | -9.709 | -7.722 | -7.539 | -3.701 | 2.529 |- | 6.582 | 2.678 | 2.034 | 3.250 | 4.293 | 3.691 | 4.167 | 4.588 | 3.580 | -4.131 | -4.076 | -7.553 | -5.761 | -5.579 | -5.499 | 4.401 |- | 4.813 | 1.174 | 1.316 | 1.861 | 2.565 | 1.944 | 2.416 | 2.838 | 2.079 | -6.061 | -5.995 | -10.191 | -7.505 | -7.322 | -6.364 | 2.089 |- | 3.890 | 0.498 | 0.181 | 0.716 | 1.645 | 1.022 | 1.502 | 1.916 | 1.078 | -7.037 | -6.968 | -10.146 | -8.334 | -8.152 | -6.955 | 1.166 |- | 6.110 | 2.176 | 2.076 | 3.027 | 3.899 | 3.284 | 3.761 | 4.172 | 3.379 | -4.853 | -4.779 | -8.979 | -6.026 | -5.844 | -2.797 | 4.112 |- | 4.957 | 1.183 | 1.785 | 2.141 | 2.750 | 2.218 | 2.611 | 3.056 | 2.116 | -6.041 | -5.964 | -9.972 | -7.156 | -6.974 | -4.048 | 2.489 |- | 4.479 | 0.878 | 1.253 | 1.672 | 2.321 | 1.782 | 2.139 | 2.596 | 1.614 | -6.602 | -6.519 | -9.778 | -7.583 | -7.401 | -4.677 | 1.788 |- | 5.576 | 2.285 | 2.647 | 2.485 | 3.462 | 2.901 | 3.262 | 3.714 | 2.759 | -5.538 | -5.451 | -8.786 | -6.421 | -6.239 | -3.027 | 3.129 |- | 5.188 | 1.294 | 2.946 | 2.400 | 3.098 | 2.586 | 2.923 | 3.372 | 2.377 | -6.092 | -5.987 | -10.041 | -6.596 | -6.414 | -3.142 | 2.253 |- | 7.545 | 3.811 | 4.299 | 4.418 | 5.440 | 4.908 | 5.244 | 5.689 | 4.610 | -3.824 | -3.715 | -7.978 | -4.229 | -4.047 | -1.601 | 5.077 |- | 4.747 | 0.762 | 2.085 | 1.987 | 2.676 | 2.255 | 2.489 | 2.975 | 2.040 | -6.643 | -6.528 | -9.209 | -6.914 | -6.732 | -3.898 | 1.392 |- | 4.589 | 1.067 | 1.780 | 1.449 | 2.573 | 2.102 | 2.323 | 2.813 | 1.826 | -6.838 | -6.720 | -9.308 | -7.051 | -6.869 | -4.287 | 0.933 |- | 4.856 | 0.963 | 2.199 | 1.999 | 2.871 | 2.401 | 2.620 | 3.105 | 2.157 | -6.607 | -6.484 | -9.280 | -6.697 | -6.515 | -3.757 | 1.258 |- | 5.031 | 1.323 | 1.298 | 1.841 | 3.003 | 2.537 | 2.754 | 3.235 | 2.121 | -6.578 | -6.443 | -9.283 | -6.521 | -6.338 | -5.184 | 1.630 |- | 5.085 | 1.639 | 2.132 | 2.306 | 3.107 | 2.634 | 2.887 | 3.332 | 2.223 | -6.489 | -6.353 | -9.072 | -6.246 | -6.063 | -3.918 | 1.241 |- | 5.567 | 1.580 | 3.494 | 2.351 | 3.622 | 3.171 | 3.429 | 3.857 | 2.673 | -6.068 | -5.920 | -9.718 | -5.607 | -5.425 | -2.815 | 1.661 |- | 5.155 | 1.199 | 1.771 | 2.279 | 3.165 | 2.708 | 2.962 | 3.391 | 2.463 | -6.618 | -6.458 | -8.938 | -6.066 | -5.883 | -5.285 | 0.028 |- | 8.201 | 4.709 | 5.153 | 4.983 | 6.216 | 5.787 | 6.023 | 6.453 | 5.405 | -3.628 | -3.460 | -6.095 | -2.956 | -2.773 | -2.330 | 1.598 |- | 3.412 | -0.253 | 1.051 | 0.591 | 1.555 | 1.109 | 1.345 | 1.774 | 0.803 | -8.691 | -8.453 | -11.084 | -7.623 | -7.441 | -5.319 | -0.335 |- | 5.583 | 1.900 | 2.926 | 2.278 | 3.656 | 3.258 | 3.460 | 3.899 | 2.903 | -6.610 | -6.368 | -8.485 | -5.462 | -5.279 | -3.508 | -0.986 |- | 7.715 | 4.491 | 5.107 | 5.102 | 5.870 | 5.443 | 5.650 | 6.081 | 5.064 | -4.831 | -4.489 | -7.474 | -3.246 | -3.064 | -1.658 | 0.725 |- | 6.454 | 3.032 | 3.673 | 3.775 | 4.612 | 4.224 | 4.393 | 4.843 | 3.800 | -6.935 | -6.267 | -7.917 | -4.496 | -4.314 | -4.049 | 2.345 |- | 2.267 | -1.802 | -1.109 | -0.671 | 0.376 | -1.802 | 0.132 | -1.109 | -0.507 | -12.176 | -10.916 | -11.806 | -8.753 | -8.571 | -8.724 | 0.135 |} '''Table 17. Correlation analysis for the ALR transformed data.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|''Cu'' | style="text-align:center"|''As'' | style="text-align:center"|''Pb'' | style="text-align:center"|''Co'' | style="text-align:center"|''Ni'' | style="text-align:center"|''Sc'' | style="text-align:center"|| ''L.O.I.'' |- | SiO₂ | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | TiO₂ | 0.99 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Al₂0₃ | 0.71 | 0.69 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Fe₂O₃ | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.75 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | MgO | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.74 | 0.99 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | CaO | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.74 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | K₂O | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.73 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Na₂O | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.72 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | P₂O₅ | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.72 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Cu | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.51 | 0.78 | 0.75 | 0.80 | 0.77 | 0.84 | 0.79 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | As | 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.56 | 0.85 | 0.82 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.89 | 0.85 | 0.99 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Pb | 0.94 | 0.93 | 0.62 | 0.92 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.93 | 0.94 | 0.75 | 0.81 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Co | 0.92 | 0.89 | 0.69 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 0.93 | 0.94 | 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.57 | 0.65 | 0.90 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Ni | 0.92 | 0.89 | 0.69 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 0.93 | 0.94 | 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.57 | 0.65 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Sc | 0.70 | 0.69 | 0.88 | 0.74 | 0.71 | 0.74 | 0.71 | 0.74 | 0.71 | 0.66 | 0.68 | 0.59 | 0.61 | 0.61 | 1.00 | &nbsp; |- | L.O.I | 0.48 | 0.45 | 0.24 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.44 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.63 | 0.64 | 0.38 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.34 | 1.00 |} I used SYSTAT SPSS 10.0 for Windows to construct a matrix of scatter plots (Fig. 27) to confirm the results from table 17. [[Image:Matrix of scatter plots for the ARL transformed data Figure_27.jpg]] '''Figure 27. Matrix of scatter plots for the ARL transformed data.''' '''Table 18. Critical values of Student for the ARL transformed data.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|''Cu'' | style="text-align:center"|''As'' | style="text-align:center"|''Pb'' | style="text-align:center"|''Co'' | style="text-align:center"|''Ni'' | style="text-align:center"|''Sc'' | style="text-align:center"|| ''L.O.I.'' |- | SiO₂ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | TiO₂ | 31.32 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Al₂0₃ | 5.41 | 5.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Fe₂O₃ | 35.09 | 25.48 | 6.03 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | MgO | 51.30 | 24.81 | 5.76 | 34.14 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | CaO | 31.02 | 23.51 | 5.75 | 26.76 | 32.83 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | K₂O | 72.03 | 27.59 | 5.70 | 37.43 | 140.28 | 33.75 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Na₂O | 32.38 | 26.33 | 5.56 | 26.42 | 26.85 | 70.59 | 29.60 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | P₂O₅ | 77.26 | 29.35 | 5.47 | 37.49 | 60.64 | 33.95 | 81.61 | 32.53 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Cu | 7.19 | 7.36 | 3.14 | 6.55 | 5.97 | 7.01 | 6.32 | 8.10 | 6.72 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | As | 9.36 | 9.48 | 3.59 | 8.36 | 7.58 | 8.65 | 8.08 | 10.19 | 8.63 | 38.77 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Pb | 15.21 | 13.93 | 4.20 | 12.65 | 14.87 | 14.24 | 14.93 | 13.82 | 14.98 | 5.93 | 7.28 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Co | 12.63 | 10.27 | 4.99 | 12.12 | 16.35 | 13.16 | 14.79 | 11.07 | 13.57 | 3.65 | 4.53 | 11.04 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Ni | 12.63 | 10.27 | 4.99 | 12.12 | 16.35 | 13.16 | 14.79 | 11.07 | 13.57 | 3.65 | 4.53 | 11.04 | 100.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Sc | 5.26 | 5.04 | 9.92 | 5.78 | 5.30 | 5.78 | 5.34 | 5.86 | 5.27 | 4.60 | 4.87 | 3.83 | 4.05 | 4.05 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | L.O.I | 2.91 | 2.66 | 1.33 | 2.69 | 2.47 | 2.35 | 2.56 | 2.61 | 2.63 | 4.28 | 4.45 | 2.17 | 1.60 | 1.60 | 1.90 | &nbsp; |} '''Table 19. Significant correlations of the ALR transformed data.''' {| class="wikitable" | style="text-align:center"|''&nbsp;'' | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|''Cu'' | style="text-align:center"|| ''As'' | style="text-align:center"|''Pb'' | style="text-align:center"|''Co'' | style="text-align:center"|''Ni'' | style="text-align:center"|''Sc'' | style="text-align:center"|| ''L.O.I.'' |- | SiO₂ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | TiO₂ | 0.99 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Al₂0₃ | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Fe₂O₃ | 0.99 | 0.98 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | MgO | 0.99 | 0.98 | &nbsp; | 0.99 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | CaO | 0.99 | 0.98 | &nbsp; | 0.98 | 0.99 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | K₂O | 1.00 | 0.98 | &nbsp; | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.99 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Na₂O | 0.99 | 0.98 | &nbsp; | 0.98 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.98 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | P₂O₅ | 1.00 | 0.98 | &nbsp; | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.99 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Cu | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | As | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | 0.99 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Pb | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Co | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | 0.95 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Ni | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | 0.95 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | 1.00 | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | Sc | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |- | L.O.I | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |} Equations 16 and 17 shows the RCCs determined for the ALR transformed data. It is interesting to note that all the correlations here are positive. '''Equation 16. RCC 8 of the ARL transformed data.''' [[Image:RCC 8 of the ARL transformed data Equation_16.jpg]] '''Equation 17. RCC 9 of the ARL transformed data.''' [[Image:RCC 9 of the ARL transformed data Equation_17.jpg]] Figures 28 and 29 show the spatial behavior of these RCCs with respect to the location of the ore body. If we combine both RCCs, we obtain equation 18 (Fig. 30). '''Equation 18. Combination of RCC 9 and RCC 8 for the ARL transformed data.''' [[Image:Combination of RCC 9 and RCC 8 for the ARL transformed data Equation_18.jpg]] | [[Image:Best possible spatial correspondence Figures_28_to_30.jpg]] == Isometric Log-Ratio Transformation (IRL) == Table 20 shows the results of the transformation of the original dataset<ref name="ftn3">^{Remember to add a column of the residuals to the original dataset.}</ref>. Tables 21 through 23 show the results of the correlation analysis. '''Table 20. IRL transformed data.''' {| class="wikitable" | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|''Cu'' | style="text-align:center"|''As'' | style="text-align:center"|''Pb'' | style="text-align:center"|''Co'' | style="text-align:center"|''Ni'' | style="text-align:center"|''Sc'' | style="text-align:center"|''L.O.I.'' |- | 2.289 | 0.502 | 0.793 | 0.306 | 0.940 | 0.108 | -0.267 | 0.615 | 7.530 | 6.773 | 10.502 | 9.984 | 9.068 | 1.737 | -3.959 | -3.027 |- | 2.701 | 0.610 | 0.825 | -0.036 | 0.655 | -0.085 | -0.444 | 0.271 | 7.437 | 6.688 | 10.218 | 8.987 | 8.144 | 1.912 | -4.155 | -2.831 |- | 2.327 | 0.339 | 0.755 | 0.260 | 0.894 | 0.126 | -0.251 | 0.525 | 7.599 | 6.834 | 10.174 | 8.304 | 7.512 | 1.991 | -3.475 | -2.578 |- | 2.364 | 7.645 | -1.359 | -1.790 | -0.786 | -1.292 | -1.468 | -0.631 | 6.687 | 6.009 | 8.832 | 7.241 | 6.528 | 6.374 | -4.451 | -3.242 |- | 2.753 | 0.235 | 0.595 | 0.066 | 0.672 | 0.007 | -0.367 | 0.545 | 7.618 | 6.848 | 9.506 | 7.879 | 7.119 | 2.140 | -3.697 | -2.121 |- | 2.598 | 1.255 | 0.613 | -0.208 | 0.462 | -0.175 | -0.508 | 0.273 | 7.544 | 6.780 | 9.785 | 7.414 | 6.689 | 2.639 | -3.950 | -2.068 |- | 2.576 | 1.869 | 0.615 | -0.389 | 0.234 | -0.281 | -0.631 | 0.346 | 7.523 | 6.758 | 9.494 | 7.307 | 6.589 | 3.693 | -3.983 | -1.394 |- | 2.542 | 0.702 | 0.767 | -0.080 | 0.522 | -0.035 | -0.414 | 0.513 | 7.711 | 6.928 | 10.043 | 7.329 | 6.609 | 2.445 | -3.746 | -1.065 |- | 2.760 | 2.120 | 0.446 | -0.588 | 0.070 | -0.382 | -0.725 | 0.311 | 7.594 | 6.816 | 9.552 | 7.065 | 6.365 | 5.849 | -4.115 | 0.404 |- | 2.573 | 1.370 | 0.496 | -0.245 | 0.368 | -0.126 | -0.504 | 0.271 | 7.965 | 7.141 | 10.536 | 7.111 | 6.408 | 5.040 | -3.471 | -1.234 |- | 2.399 | 1.644 | 0.699 | -0.289 | 0.332 | -0.164 | -0.528 | 0.324 | 7.989 | 7.160 | 9.579 | 7.070 | 6.370 | 4.774 | -3.397 | -2.060 |- | 2.782 | 1.688 | 0.370 | -0.493 | 0.159 | -0.308 | -0.651 | 0.173 | 7.965 | 7.134 | 10.534 | 6.852 | 6.168 | 2.799 | -4.071 | 0.165 |- | 2.668 | 1.050 | 0.434 | -0.209 | 0.315 | -0.097 | -0.501 | 0.445 | 8.136 | 7.286 | 10.489 | 6.943 | 6.252 | 2.994 | -3.529 | -0.900 |- | 2.546 | 1.164 | 0.460 | -0.224 | 0.309 | -0.069 | -0.488 | 0.496 | 8.238 | 7.372 | 9.850 | 6.952 | 6.261 | 3.197 | -3.269 | -1.336 |- | 2.327 | 1.048 | 0.881 | -0.191 | 0.356 | -0.033 | -0.452 | 0.502 | 8.321 | 7.443 | 9.988 | 6.915 | 6.226 | 2.694 | -3.441 | -0.197 |- | 2.753 | 0.240 | 0.643 | -0.126 | 0.364 | -0.004 | -0.424 | 0.564 | 8.540 | 7.625 | 10.841 | 6.663 | 5.993 | 2.418 | -2.962 | -0.596 |- | 2.641 | 1.126 | 0.693 | -0.377 | 0.178 | -0.161 | -0.556 | 0.528 | 8.473 | 7.560 | 10.982 | 6.501 | 5.843 | 3.077 | -3.588 | 1.555 |- | 2.818 | 0.546 | 0.472 | -0.251 | 0.180 | -0.065 | -0.511 | 0.431 | 8.623 | 7.690 | 9.587 | 6.614 | 5.947 | 2.799 | -2.504 | -1.001 |- | 2.491 | 0.856 | 0.892 | -0.315 | 0.173 | -0.058 | -0.509 | 0.482 | 8.650 | 7.712 | 9.518 | 6.587 | 5.923 | 3.019 | -2.230 | -1.190 |- | 2.753 | 0.580 | 0.584 | -0.328 | 0.161 | -0.067 | -0.511 | 0.443 | 8.711 | 7.761 | 9.762 | 6.498 | 5.841 | 2.773 | -2.261 | -0.904 |- | 2.622 | 1.534 | 0.614 | -0.563 | -0.034 | -0.230 | -0.649 | 0.478 | 8.679 | 7.722 | 9.769 | 6.332 | 5.687 | 4.179 | -2.689 | -0.944 |- | 2.437 | 1.004 | 0.559 | -0.283 | 0.200 | -0.064 | -0.472 | 0.629 | 8.828 | 7.855 | 9.774 | 6.275 | 5.634 | 3.173 | -2.027 | -0.701 |- | 2.820 | 0.065 | 1.036 | -0.335 | 0.139 | -0.122 | -0.506 | 0.670 | 8.892 | 7.901 | 10.849 | 6.031 | 5.408 | 2.513 | -1.984 | -0.251 |- | 2.797 | 1.148 | 0.372 | -0.505 | 0.006 | -0.230 | -0.601 | 0.345 | 8.924 | 7.919 | 9.603 | 6.074 | 5.448 | 4.494 | -0.941 | -0.857 |- | 2.470 | 1.063 | 0.898 | -0.407 | 0.060 | -0.169 | -0.548 | 0.505 | 9.021 | 7.999 | 9.825 | 6.022 | 5.400 | 4.599 | 0.498 | 2.018 |- | 2.592 | 0.431 | 0.704 | -0.317 | 0.148 | -0.093 | -0.482 | 0.490 | 9.446 | 8.317 | 10.112 | 5.976 | 5.357 | 2.938 | -2.079 | -2.277 |- | 2.604 | 0.666 | 1.033 | -0.433 | 0.010 | -0.179 | -0.565 | 0.441 | 9.418 | 8.289 | 9.593 | 5.920 | 5.305 | 3.227 | 0.577 | -0.414 |- | 2.280 | 0.813 | 0.580 | -0.238 | 0.196 | -0.027 | -0.426 | 0.583 | 9.909 | 8.636 | 10.743 | 5.819 | 5.212 | 3.494 | 0.961 | 1.606 |- | 2.420 | 0.874 | 0.529 | -0.339 | 0.078 | -0.091 | -0.500 | 0.543 | 10.670 | 9.014 | 9.809 | 5.736 | 5.135 | 4.524 | -1.959 | 0.435 |- | 2.877 | 1.095 | 0.395 | -0.630 | 1.474 | -0.545 | 0.689 | 0.040 | 11.105 | 8.844 | 8.926 | 5.278 | 4.710 | 4.533 | -4.338 | -3.943 |} '''Table 21. Critical value of Student of the ILR transformed data''' {| class="wikitable" | | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|''Cu'' | style="text-align:center"|''As'' | style="text-align:center"|''Pb'' | style="text-align:center"|''Co'' | style="text-align:center"|''Ni'' | style="text-align:center"|''Sc'' | style="text-align:center"|''L.O.I.'' |- | SiO₂ | 1.00 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | TiO₂ | -0.22 | 1.00 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | Al₂0₃ | 0.06 | -0.90 | 1.00 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | Fe₂O₃ | -0.09 | -0.86 | 0.78 | 1.00 | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | MgO | 0.11 | -0.57 | 0.45 | 0.66 | 1.00 | | | | | | | | | | | |- | CaO | -0.08 | -0.92 | 0.85 | 0.95 | 0.46 | 1.00 | | | | | | | | | | |- | K₂O | 0.22 | -0.64 | 0.51 | 0.53 | 0.90 | 0.43 | 1.00 | | | | | | | | | |- | Na₂O | -0.06 | -0.88 | 0.85 | 0.80 | 0.29 | 0.92 | 0.36 | 1.00 | | | | | | | | |- | P₂O₅ | 0.14 | -0.38 | 0.27 | -0.01 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.54 | 0.28 | 1.00 | | | | | | | |- | Cu | 0.11 | -0.44 | 0.35 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.23 | 0.46 | 0.39 | 0.98 | 1.00 | | | | | | |- | As | -0.03 | -0.47 | 0.43 | 0.50 | 0.11 | 0.54 | 0.05 | 0.54 | -0.03 | 0.06 | 1.00 | | | | | |- | Pb | -0.26 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.42 | 0.33 | 0.19 | -0.09 | -0.03 | -0.77 | -0.78 | 0.14 | 1.00 | | | | |- | Co | -0.26 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.42 | 0.33 | 0.19 | -0.09 | -0.03 | -0.77 | -0.78 | 0.14 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | | |- | Ni | -0.05 | 0.68 | -0.58 | -0.76 | -0.48 | -0.71 | -0.34 | -0.59 | 0.11 | 0.06 | -0.49 | -0.40 | -0.40 | 1.00 | | |- | Sc | -0.16 | -0.29 | 0.32 | 0.03 | -0.32 | 0.25 | -0.04 | 0.40 | 0.56 | 0.67 | 0.11 | -0.55 | -0.55 | 0.05 | 1.00 | |- | L.O.I | -0.03 | -0.20 | 0.29 | 0.01 | -0.43 | 0.23 | -0.24 | 0.43 | 0.27 | 0.38 | 0.43 | -0.46 | -0.46 | 0.11 | 0.58 | 1.00 |} Figure 31 shows the result of a matrix of scatter plots constructed with SYSTAT SPSS 10.0 for Windows to test the results from table 21. [[Image:Matrix of scatter plots for the IRL transformed data Figure_31.jpg]] '''Figure 31. Matrix of scatter plots for the IRL transformed data.''' Table 22. Critical value of Student of the ILR transformed data. {| class="wikitable" | | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|''Cu'' | style="text-align:center"|''As'' | style="text-align:center"|''Pb'' | style="text-align:center"|''Co'' | style="text-align:center"|''Ni'' | style="text-align:center"|''Sc'' | style="text-align:center"|''L.O.I.'' |- | SiO₂ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | TiO₂ | 1.21 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | Al₂0₃ | 0.33 | 11.08 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | Fe₂O₃ | 0.45 | 9.08 | 6.69 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | MgO | 0.56 | 3.67 | 2.68 | 4.66 | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | CaO | 0.42 | 12.02 | 8.40 | 15.47 | 2.74 | | | | | | | | | | | |- | K₂O | 1.18 | 4.44 | 3.10 | 3.27 | 11.02 | 2.51 | | | | | | | | | | |- | Na₂O | 0.30 | 9.57 | 8.40 | 7.02 | 1.59 | 12.18 | 2.02 | | | | | | | | | |- | P₂O₅ | 0.73 | 2.15 | 1.49 | 0.07 | 0.79 | 0.72 | 3.37 | 1.55 | | | | | | | | |- | Cu | 0.60 | 2.60 | 1.96 | 0.22 | 0.32 | 1.26 | 2.72 | 2.24 | 28.19 | | | | | | | |- | As | 0.18 | 2.78 | 2.48 | 3.06 | 0.57 | 3.43 | 0.27 | 3.39 | 0.15 | 0.31 | | | | | | |- | Pb | 1.45 | 0.14 | 0.01 | 2.44 | 1.83 | 1.03 | 0.50 | 0.17 | 6.35 | 6.69 | 0.77 | | | | | |- | Co | 1.45 | 0.14 | 0.01 | 2.44 | 1.83 | 1.03 | 0.50 | 0.17 | 6.35 | 6.69 | 0.77 | 100.00 | | | | |- | Ni | 0.27 | 4.85 | 3.75 | 6.19 | 2.87 | 5.40 | 1.93 | 3.91 | 0.60 | 0.31 | 2.99 | 2.32 | 2.32 | | | |- | Sc | 0.84 | 1.57 | 1.78 | 0.14 | 1.81 | 1.34 | 0.23 | 2.29 | 3.61 | 4.72 | 0.56 | 3.51 | 3.51 | 0.27 | | |- | L.O.I | 0.18 | 1.09 | 1.62 | 0.06 | 2.49 | 1.26 | 1.29 | 2.53 | 1.50 | 2.17 | 2.52 | 2.77 | 2.77 | 0.56 | 3.74 | |} Table 23. Significant correlations of the ILR transformed data. {| class="wikitable" | | SiO₂ | TiO₂ | Al₂O₃ | Fe₂O₃ | MgO | CaO | K₂O | Na₂O | style="text-align:center"|P₂O₅ | style="text-align:center"|''Cu'' | style="text-align:center"|''As'' | style="text-align:center"|''Pb'' | style="text-align:center"| ''Co'' | style="text-align:center"|''Ni'' | style="text-align:center"|''Sc'' | style="text-align:center"|''L.O.I.'' |- | SiO₂ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | TiO₂ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | Al₂0₃ | | -0.90 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | Fe₂O₃ | | -0.86 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | MgO | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | CaO | | -0.92 | 0.85 | 0.95 | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | K₂O | | | | | 0.90 | | | | | | | | | | | |- | Na₂O | | -0.88 | 0.85 | 0.80 | | 0.92 | | | | | | | | | | |- | P₂O₅ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | Cu | | | | | | | | | 0.98 | | | | | | | |- | As | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | Pb | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | Co | | | | | | | | | | | | 1.00 | | | | |- | Ni | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | Sc | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | L.O.I | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |} Equations 18 through 20 shows the RCCs determined for the ALR transformed data. '''Equation 19. RCC 10 for the IRL transformed data.''' [[Image:RCC 10 for the IRL transformed data Equation_19.jpg]] '''Equation 20. RCC 11 for the IRL transformed data.''' [[Image: RCC 11 for the IRL transformed data Equation_20.jpg]] '''Equation 21. RCC 12 for the IRL transformed data.''' [[Image:RCC 12 for the IRL transformed data Equation_21.jpg]] '''Equation 22. RCC 13 for the IRL transformed data.''' [[Image:RCC 13 for the IRL transformed data Equation_22.jpg]] Figures 32 -35 show the result of the use of these RCCs as targeting tools. [[Image:Use of these RCCs as targeting tools Figures_32_to_35.jpg]] === Conclusions and Recommendations from the Compositional Data Analysis === One very important effect of “opening” a dataset by using any of these transformations is that we get rid off all spurious correlations. The transformed data do contain unexpected correlations, but they are real. Another important point is that we do not need to process the data separately (e.g. separating major oxides from trace elements), but can process the whole dataset taking advantage of the information contained in both groups. From all the RCCs obtained so far, the RCC 8, RCC 9, and especially the RCC9/8 (ALR) were by far the most efficient one for targeting the copper mineralization. The CRL transformed data did also provide for useful RCCs, especially if we concentrate in the higher correlations. Finally, the IRL transformed data was effective for as long as the geochemist will “interpret” the coefficient and not plot them blindly. For example, a geochemist should know that elements like Pb and Co, usually concentrate bellow the ore body (inframinerals), and therefore while using RCC 13, the investigator should concentrate on the lower values as an indication of the location of the ore body. We have a similar situation with RCC 11. The investigator should know that a common effect of sodic metasomatism would be the lixiviation of MgO and K₂O; therefore, the geochemist should be looking for lower values of the RCC. In general, I can state that transformed data are more effective for the location of the mineralized targets than the non-transformed dataset, and that the ARL method seems to be the most effective for processing this type of data. However, the geochemist should always use his background knowledge to help to decide the most efficient RCC for the studied area. I recommend the use of the software CoDaPack for the processing of any type of “closed” dataset. ==References== {{reflist}} {{WHSGUCDA/Foot}} l4xg8055m9tnb1z5lzvleibfatyhihp 8 151457 4634435 4630924 2026-05-06T13:50:06Z Codename Noreste 3441010 + 4634435 wikitext text/x-wiki 27 lzfi639ek1lr5n7i0ngmtxpxr8ollcz 1 155131 4634593 3326867 2026-05-07T09:30:03Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634593 wikitext text/x-wiki :''See also: [[Talk:Video Game Design/Content]]'' <!-- begin archivebox --> {| style="border: 1px solid #aaaaaa; background-color: #f9f9f9; color: black; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right;" class="infobox" width="270px" |- !align="center"|[[Talk:Video Game Design/Archives|Archives Page]] |- | # [[/Archive1|Create and add timeframe]] ---- {{center/top}}''[[Video Game Design/Conventions|Already approved Conventions]]''{{center/end}} |}<!--Template:Archivebox--> ---- == Conventions == I put forward a proposal to share and include the [[C++ Programming/Conventions|exiting convention]] from [[C++ Programming]] and [[The World of Peer-to-Peer (P2P)]] on this work. Please comment or object to this proposal here, in 10 days if not opposed I'll make the necessary changes. --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|talk]]) 03:03, 8 March 2008 (UTC) : Adopted and closed. --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|talk]]) 00:37, 10 April 2008 (UTC) == Proposals (centered on the [[C++ Programming]] Book discussion page since argumentations will be valid across books) == #-<'''The book will only have a single print version, that may include by chapter subsections.'''> #-<'''Cover page will display the historical book index and any significative change (>51%) to the cover page will be have to be the object of previous discussion resulting in acceptance without objections'''> :(discussion running [[Talk:C++ Programming/Conventions|HERE]] (I will mirror the comments if any when it's finished) :Both '''Proposed''': --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|talk]]) 00:27, 10 April 2008 (UTC) stv3tcdb10w4mox9o6hzrtp5abfer7f 4 155682 4634441 4634405 2026-05-06T14:41:53Z Codename Noreste 3441010 /* Proposal related to FlaggedRevs */ edit opening comment ([[mw:c:Special:MyLanguage/User:JWBTH/CD|CD]]) 4634441 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:RFC|WB:PROPOSALS}} {{TOC left<!--|limit=2-->}} Welcome to the '''Proposals reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about suggestions for improving Wikibooks. {{User:MiszaBot/config |archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/%(year)d/%(monthname)s |algo = old(120d) |counter = 1 |key = 1f2adc5eee951900b65c7b981b786191 |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 1 }} {{clear}} <!--Take threads to archive below this line--> <!--Add new threads to bottom of page--> == Retiring [[Template:Deleted page]] == {{tlx|Deleted page}} is a template that was used back in the day before salting (page creation protection) existed. Back then, if an admin wanted to prevent a page from being recreated, they would delete it and then recreate it with just that template, before fully protecting it. This method is completely unnecessary now that we can directly create-protect pages, and no new page has been added to [[:Category:Protected deleted pages]] in nearly eight years. Furthermore, I would like to propose that all the pages that currently have {{tlx|Naming policy notice}} be deleted and added to the ''title blacklist''. In the [[MediaWiki:Titleblacklist|title blacklist]], the error message should be set to an interface message that transcludes {{tlx|Naming policy notice}}. Since this is an editor-facing template, only would-be editors should be able to see it. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 22:55, 31 December 2025 (UTC) : Do you think we should delete {{tlx|Deleted page}} via RfD, but keep {{tlx|Naming policy notice}}? [[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:04, 31 December 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: Yes. {{tlx|Deleted page}} should be deleted, and {{tlx|Naming policy notice}} should be fully protected and transcluded in a MediaWiki namespace message. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 23:16, 31 December 2025 (UTC) :::Considering there were no objections to this proposal here, {{Doing|I am doing this...}} [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 01:44, 30 March 2026 (UTC) ::::{{done|All done}}, but the discussion about {{tlx|Deleted page}} is awaiting to be closed (since I initiated it). [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 02:37, 30 March 2026 (UTC) :[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]], I filed a request at [[Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Template:Deleted page]] to discuss whether to delete this template (and the categories used). [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:38, 29 January 2026 (UTC) == Some proposals involving a separate permission request page and notification of ongoing RFAs == I would like to propose the following below: === Proposal 1 === <s>We split off [[Wikibooks:Requests for adminship]] as a separate page for requesting adminship, bureaucrat, checkuser and suppressor (oversight) permissions. All other permissions, except the former mentioned permissions, would still be requested at [[Wikibooks:Requests for permissions]] (this is also the case for requesting interface administrator permissions, for admins).</s> === Proposal 2 === Given the low activity on this project, I propose that we must notify the community about ongoing RFAs, which could be either [[MediaWiki:Sitenotice]] or adding a notification at [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General]]. A general rule is that the notification must be written in a neutral fashion. === In conclusion... === Feel free to comment, ask, or anything else. Thanks. [[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 02:31, 1 January 2026 (UTC) :1. I don't see [[WB:RFP]] being clogged to justify creating a fork just for advanced permissions. :2. That is already something we do occasionally on a case-by-case basis. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 07:40, 1 January 2026 (UTC) :My thoughts below: :# I agree with @[[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] and don't really see a need for splitting off [[Wikibooks:Requests for adminship]] as a separate page, since there are generally not so many requests. :# I do think it could potentially be useful to notify the community about requests for adminship using [[MediaWiki:Sitenotice]]—it's not something I've seen us do before. @[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] are you proposing specifically that we codify it in policy? :—[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:59, 1 January 2026 (UTC) ::After considering, I've crossed out proposal 1, and regarding proposal 2, I would still think it should be in a guideline, not a policy. [[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 18:22, 1 January 2026 (UTC) :Proposal 2 seems reasonable to me. It could help people find requests if they are not watching RFP. [[User:Ternera|Ternera]] ([[User talk:Ternera|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Ternera|contribs]]) 15:01, 2 January 2026 (UTC) :I've been thinking about proposal 2, and it seems like it would be a good idea to create a template for this purpose that we could just pop into [[MediaWiki:Sitenotice]]. What about creating [[Template:RFA notice]], which could take as parameters the requestor and the path to the discussion? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:35, 24 January 2026 (UTC) ::I agree. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 17:12, 27 January 2026 (UTC) == Implement Visual Editor in more namespaces == {{closed|The Phabricator task has been resolved, and VE is enabled on the proposed namespaces as of today. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 17:06, 27 January 2026 (UTC)}} See the [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Technical Assistance#Visual Editor Implementation|original discussion]] for reference. ===Proposal=== Currently, the visual editor is implemented on the following namespaces: * Main * User * Help * Category * Cookbook * Wikijunior I am proposing that we implement the visual editor on the following namespaces: * Wikibooks * Transwiki ===Reasoning=== I use the source editor and the visual editor for different purposes. One of my primary uses of the visual editor is for text-heavy pages, where I use it for writing content and proofreading/copyediting. In contrast, I use the source editor for more complex and technical edits. I find it very difficult to parse text in the source editor, especially when there are many templates, tables, links, etc, and it is a pretty significant accessibility issue for me—I imagine that it could be so for other users as well. The Wikibooks and Transwiki namespaces are both namespaces that contain text- and content-heavy pages (e.g. policies, guidelines, essays), and I know I would benefit from the visual editor here—for example, I am currently working on the [[Wikibooks:Artificial intelligence/Unstable|unstable branch of a policy]], and it is proving to be kind of a pain to do without having the visual editor as an adjunct tool. The main challenge I see is that the Wikibooks namespace contains some talk pages (i.e. the reading room), and the visual editor is not intended for talk pages. However, there is [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370158 precedent] for implementing the visual editor in namespaces that contain talk pages as long as it is understood that the visual editor is not intended for these talk pages. Overall, it looks technically feasible. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:40, 11 January 2026 (UTC) === Discussion === Kicking off the discussion here! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:37, 24 January 2026 (UTC) :Pinging people who were part of the original discussion thread: @[[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] @[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] @[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]]. :Also pinging some other active administrators: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] @[[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] @[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] @[[User:Xania|Xania]] @[[User:JackPotte|JackPotte]] @[[User:TunnelESON|TunnelESON]]. Thanks! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:48, 24 January 2026 (UTC) ::No objections. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 16:30, 24 January 2026 (UTC) ::I'm fine as well. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 17:04, 24 January 2026 (UTC) :::Ditto. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 22:49, 24 January 2026 (UTC) ::All good on my end. —[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] [[User talk:Atcovi|(Talk]] - [[Special:Contributions/Atcovi|Contribs)]] 17:09, 25 January 2026 (UTC) :Phab ticket has been created at {{phab|T415595}}! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:49, 26 January 2026 (UTC) {{end closed}} == Redefining the inactivity policy for administrators and bots == Hi. I would like to propose that we redefine the inactivity policy for administrators (superseding the current procedure), and to create a local inactivity policy for bots. * For administrators that have made zero edits '''''and''''' zero logged actions for over a year, they will be listed under the removal section of [[Wikibooks:Requests for permissions]] (and notified on their user talk pages), where they are given a specific timeframe to respond so that they can retain their access, unless they specify otherwise. If they do not respond after that timeframe, a request will be forwarded to the removal section of [[:m:SRP]]. Should the timeframe last at least one week, two weeks, or one month? * For bots, the process is slightly different. Bots that are inactive (made no edits/logged actions) for over two years will be listed under the removal section of RfP (in the same manner as inactive administrators), but their operators must be notified first, and a week is given for the operators to respond. After the timeframe passes and an operator does not respond to the inactive bot removal request (for example), a request will be forwarded to the removal section of [[:m:SRB]]. Bot users that do not have the bot user group might be exempt, unless the discussion proposes otherwise. Thanks. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 20:34, 18 January 2026 (UTC) :Sounds fine to me. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 06:58, 21 January 2026 (UTC) ::Agreed here. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 00:36, 25 January 2026 (UTC) :I have no problem with this. Regarding the timeframe for administrators, one months seems reasonable. Thanks! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:29, 24 January 2026 (UTC) ::I think one month might be excessive IMO, but one week might not be enough for a timeframe, especially given the lack of discussion activity. Let’s compromise by choosing two weeks instead, if that's okay. ::Also, the reason I made this is because the inactivity policy on [[Wikibooks:Administrators]] seems vague. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 16:15, 24 January 2026 (UTC) :::@[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]], what timeframe would be feasible, two weeks, or one month? I'll be ready to implement this today. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 16:20, 30 January 2026 (UTC) ::::Two weeks should probably be fine unless anyone else has thoughts! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:55, 31 January 2026 (UTC) :::::[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]], I am reconsidering the current timeframe. I think we should revise by lowering the timeframe to one week for administrator inactivity removal, similar to how we currently do this for bots. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 17:17, 10 February 2026 (UTC) ::::::I think we should check to see what other people think here —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:49, 10 February 2026 (UTC) :I'm afraid I don't fully understand the procedure you're proposing for administrators. When someone is listed to be removed on RFP, is there a vote? Or is the poster just waiting for the inactive admin to reply? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 16:31, 24 January 2026 (UTC) ::In my new proposal, there will be no votes for removal, but inactive admins will be notified and given a timeframe to respond if they wish to retain their rights, unless they specify otherwise. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 17:42, 24 January 2026 (UTC) :{{done|Implemented}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 20:51, 31 January 2026 (UTC) ::Should I reduce the timeframe from two weeks down to one week? [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 04:55, 22 February 2026 (UTC) == Create a "file" that is an Example Book structured to be copied/used to quickly start a new book? == I am new to Wikibooks, if this already exists let me know.... If there was a Wikibook "file" that contained all the templates and "parts" that are used to create a properly structured book, it might be easier and quicker to create and contribute books here. This would have to include text that would explain the purpose of each of the sections and templates and offer advice for making changes that customize the example. One might copy it to their sandbox, follow the directions and make the updates that create the framework for their book. Then the work would be to fill in the text. I suppose the downside is that books would be categorized and shelved that are in progress. Abandoned books would need to be deleted or some template might need to be developed that might indicate that the book is incomplete. This would be removed when the book is ready for prime-time. {{unsigned|Rchaswms01|01:32, 3 February 2026}} == Allow all users (registered and unregistered) to view edit filters and their logs? == Hello, everyone. I would like to propose allowing all users to view not just edit filters and [[Special:AbuseLog|their log]], but also detailed edit filter log entries. In addition to that, I am also proposing that we set <code>$wgAbuseFilterNotifications</code> to <code>true</code> by removing <code>$wgAbuseFilterNotifications = false;</code>. {{collapse top|This proposal aims to reverse a part of [[phab:T26304]] for the AbuseFilter extension:}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> We would like to enable the AbuseFilter extension (see below) with custom permissions. Please *add*: $wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-view'] = false; $wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-log'] = false; $wgGroupPermissions['autoconfirmed']['abusefilter-view'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['autoconfirmed']['abusefilter-log'] = true; </syntaxhighlight> <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> I'm sorry for yet another reply, but the user rights for the abuse filter need to be tweaked to match the request. abusefilter-view should be for autoconfirmed/confirmed only and not for all users. abusefilter-log should be for autoconfirmed/confirmed only and not for all users. The logic behind this was to prevent casual vandals from gaming the system. Thank you for your efforts. </syntaxhighlight> {{collapse bottom}} {{collapse top|Current configuration}} <syntaxhighlight lang="php"> case 'enwikibooks': $wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-view'] = false; $wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-log'] = false; $wgAbuseFilterNotifications = false; $wgGroupPermissions['autoconfirmed']['abusefilter-view'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['autoconfirmed']['abusefilter-log'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['autoconfirmed']['abusefilter-log-detail'] = true; // T383332 $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-revert'] = true; // T411828 $wgAbuseFilterActions['block'] = true; // T273864 break; </syntaxhighlight> {{collapse bottom}} {{collapse top|Proposed configuration}} <syntaxhighlight lang="php"> case 'enwikibooks': $wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-log-detail'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-revert'] = true; // T411828 $wgAbuseFilterActions['block'] = true; // T273864 break; </syntaxhighlight> {{collapse bottom}} Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 18:55, 2 April 2026 (UTC) :See also: {{section link|Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/2025/January#Reforming the edit filter}}. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 22:50, 2 April 2026 (UTC) == Introduce speedy deletion criteria? == I would like to propose that we introduce speedy deletion criteria to Wikibooks, such as {{tq|G1: [reason]}}. I suggest that we adapt from the English Wikipedia's CSD criteria ([[:w:Wikipedia:Speedy deletion]]) but utilize our existing deletion reasons, and even include '''G''' for general, '''R''' for redirects, and so on. Speedy deletion reasons are already included in the [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy|deletion policy]], but should this proposal pass, the new speedy deletion criteria can be split out to a separate policy page, if needed (e.g. [[Wikibooks:Speedy deletion]]). Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:39, 7 April 2026 (UTC) :On the whole, that seems like it could be useful to expand out our CSD in a more detailed way. Why don't you go ahead and create [[Wikibooks:Speedy deletion]] as a draft, write out your initial proposal, and then we can workshop it together? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:33, 10 April 2026 (UTC) :@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: How can this proposal avoid accusations of [[m:Instruction creep|instruction creep]]? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 23:21, 14 April 2026 (UTC) :: How does instruction creep have anything to do with this? [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:31, 14 April 2026 (UTC) ::: Well, in that case, we might keep the descriptions simple, not overly detailed. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 02:30, 17 April 2026 (UTC) ::::In that case, we may need to introduce that motion. – [[User:RestoreAccess111|RestoreAccess111]] <sup style="font-family:Arimo, Arial;">[[User talk:RestoreAccess111|Talk!]]</sup> <sup style="font-family:Times New Roman, Tinos;">[[Special:Contributions/RestoreAccess111|Watch!]]</sup> 04:38, 17 April 2026 (UTC) :We already have speedy deletion though so I don't understand this proposal. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 15:56, 24 April 2026 (UTC) :@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] I created a very early draft in [[User:Kingofnuthin/sandbox|my sandbox]] by merging content from [[w:Wikipedia:Speedy deletion]] and [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy]]. I added most of the criteria from English Wikipedia's page but I left some that can't be in Wikibooks (such as notability criteria). As I said, the draft is currently very undetailed and only provides simple explanations for criteria except for a few of them. You can add this draft to [[Wikibooks:Speedy deletion]] to clarify the details of the proposal. I am also open to any feedback regarding the draft. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 16:11, 26 April 2026 (UTC) :: I moved your draft to [[Wikibooks:Speedy deletion]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 18:15, 26 April 2026 (UTC) ::This generally looks good; I've got a couple comments on specific criteria: ::* "G5. Pages dependent on a non-existent or deleted page" includes subpages with no parent page. Given the extent to which Wikibooks uses page nesting, this seems risky - at a minimum, the criterion should be revised to "subpages with no parent '''book'''", and existing pages which meet this criterion should be grandfathered in or otherwise addressed. ::* "B4. Books that duplicate an existing topic" should probably be removed. Unlike Wikipedia, Wikibooks has historically allowed multiple books to address the same topic, e.g. [[Mandarin Chinese]] and [[Chinese (Mandarin)]], or [[C++ Language]] and [[C++ Programming]]. Whether a book "expands upon, details or improves information" in another book is very subjective; determining whether this is the case should be handled in a deletion discussion, not by an admin processing speedy deletions. ::Additionally, I'd suggest that three criteria be added: ::* Books which are over a week old and which contain no instructional content (e.g. books which are nothing but a table of contents). These books are already routinely deleted under [[WB:NMC]]; adopting this as a CSD streamlines the process. ::* Pages in any namespace which are unambiguously advertisements or promotional in nature (akin to [[:w:WP:CSD#G11]]). ::* Pages in any namespace which infringe upon copyright, akin to [[:w:WP:CSD#G12]]. F6/F7 address ''files'' which are copyvios, but not text. ::[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 05:54, 29 April 2026 (UTC) ::: [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]], feel free to make those changes to [[Wikibooks:Speedy deletion]], from your comments. It's a draft proposal. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:21, 29 April 2026 (UTC) :::@[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]]: I agree on your thoughts for the removal of B4 and the addition of a new general criterion for copyvios, so I did those. However, I think that G5 is fine in its current state. I don't understand what situation would be "risky" in this case, so please provide some example for that. Additionally, I don't think we need an advertisement criterion right now, as Wikibooks does not seem to have a promotion problem, as it is a collection of textbooks. Also, you mentioned [[Wikibooks:NMC]] as a new criterion even though I copy-pasted criterion G1 from the exact part you mentioned. Such pages could be deleted under G1. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 16:06, 29 April 2026 (UTC) ::::With regards to G5, I've seen some situations where a book was incorrectly renamed in such a way that some of the subpages remained under the original title of the book, or pages of a book are inadvertently created under an incorrect title. Given the proposed wording for G5, those pages would be eligible for speedy deletion, even though they are in use as part of the book. ::::With regards to advertisements, Wikibooks does get some spam page creations; you'll see some if you scroll through [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=delete the deletion log]. It's typically deleted quickly by admins, but if we're codifying criteria for speedy deletion, this should be included as an allowable reason. ::::As far as G1 / NMC is concerned, I initially read G1 as applying only to pages which contain no meaningful content at all, like pages which are empty, nonsense, or vandalism, and which should be deleted promptly. I see this as distinct from books which are superficially well-formed, but which fail to develop, e.g. a user who creates an ambitious-sounding table of contents for a book, but never returns to write any of the text. These shouldn't be deleted immediately (since it takes time to write content!), but are routinely speedily deleted once it's clear that no further content is forthcoming. Since this is a bit of a different process, it should probably be treated as a separate criterion. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 17:28, 29 April 2026 (UTC) :::::I added "Editors should be careful when nominating such pages, as they might be incorrectly named instead. In such cases, editors should move the page to its correctly-titled version." to G5. For advertising you said "Wikibooks does get some spam page creations", but we already have "Spam and vandalism" for G1. In G1, I removed "abandoned content" and made it a new criterion B5 under the book section. (As this would only apply to books.) [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 17:43, 29 April 2026 (UTC) :Quite frankly I don't see the need for a wiki of this size, in addition to what {{u|Leaderboard}} has mentioned. The current reasonings are perfectly fine, and subtly discourage the use of using abbreviations meaningless to new users. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 05:51, 4 May 2026 (UTC) ::Maybe we could do it without abbreviations, whilst keeping the categories. Our current speedy deletion policy is too short, and only includes main and userspace pages. We need more criteria for the Cookbook and Wikijunior for example. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 12:21, 4 May 2026 (UTC) :::But why? [[:w:Wikipedia:If it ain't broke, don't fix it|If it ain't broke, don't fix it]]. Cookbook and Wikijunior for all purposes of policy can generally be implied to be mainspace pages. I find this really overkill for a wiki of this size. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 07:55, 5 May 2026 (UTC) ::My other worry with this change is that it removes a ''lot'' of flexibility when it comes to page deletions. That's especially crucial on a wiki like this where there is a lot of abandoned content lying around; I thus {{oppose}} this proposal in any form. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:11, 6 May 2026 (UTC) == Questions about [[Wikibooks:Annotated texts]] == I was recently reading over the policy on annotated texts and had a few questions aimed at reforming that policy. (The talk page for the policy has been inactive for eleven years, so I figured a post there would be unlikely to attract attention.) # First and foremost - how many annotated texts of the type described by this policy are actually hosted on Wikibooks? I am only aware of one, [[Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses]], which is quite incomplete. Are there a significant number more that I am unable to find? If not, might it be appropriate to revise this policy and related documents to reflect that annotated texts are, at best, an experimental part of the project? # The policy on annotated texts currently permits '''unannotated''' source texts to be hosted on Wikibooks provided that either the text is not on Wikisource, or that it is "widely used in classrooms". This seems like a rather large unintended loophole in the policy - there are innumerable texts which have not been transcribed on Wikisource, but which it would not make sense for Wikibooks to house either. Similarly, there are many texts which are "widely used in classrooms", but which have never been annotated on Wikibooks and are unlikely to ever be. The policy also notes the possibility that a multilingual project could create annotated texts with parallel page names across all language editions; I am certainly unaware of any such. Are there any texts on Wikibooks which rely on this policy, or would it be appropriate to strike this section? [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:54, 28 April 2026 (UTC) :The policy seems to be contradicting [[Wikibooks:SOURCE]], which states that annotated texts are the only exception to published texts being on Wikibooks. This means that we have a policy that says unannotated source texts are permitted, and another one that says they aren't allowed. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 19:02, 28 April 2026 (UTC) :There is also [[Annotations of The Complete Peanuts]]. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 14:26, 29 April 2026 (UTC) ::That isn't an annotated text of the type described by this policy, as it doesn't include the original text that's being commented on. (Which it can't, because ''Peanuts'' is still under copyright.) [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 16:29, 29 April 2026 (UTC) :::Correct, it is not an inline annotation: I was just pointing it out as another kind of annotated text here. :::For what it's worth, our sister project Wikisource [[:s:en:Category:Wikisource annotations|also hosts inline annotations]], such as [[:s:en:What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?/Annotated]], which I made. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 16:33, 29 April 2026 (UTC) :::The main problem here is that the policy permits "unannotated texts" even though we don't host them here. I think that the first thing you mentioned can stay but we might need to strike out the second part from the policy as it is contradictory. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 16:38, 29 April 2026 (UTC) ::::Yeah - I certainly don't mean to suggest that the ''Ulysses'' annotations need to go away; I'm mostly curious if this policy has any wider applicability, or if its only function is to allow this one text. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 17:37, 29 April 2026 (UTC) == Proposal related to FlaggedRevs == As said per [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General#Page patrolling]], I would like to propose the following: # <code>$wgUseNPPatrol</code> and <code>$wgUseFilePatrol</code> are both to be set to <code>false</code>. # <code>autopatrol</code> and <code>patrol</code> are to be removed from some user groups on this wiki. This is because FlaggedRevs is used to review new pages and edits, so I don't think MediaWiki's native patrol function is needed here. It's similar to [[phab:T423461]] (completely turning off the new page patrol function on Ukrainian Wikipedia). {{collapse top|Proposed configuration}} === core-Permissions.php === <syntaxhighlight lang="php"> '+enwikibooks' => [ 'reviewer' => [ 'rollback' => true, 'suppressredirect' => true, ], 'flood' => [ 'bot' => true ], 'sysop' => [ 'autopatrol' => false, 'patrol' => false, 'importupload' => true, // T278683 ], 'uploader' => [ 'upload' => true, 'reupload' => true, ], 'import' => [ 'mergehistory' => true ], // T382785 'transwiki' => [ 'mergehistory' => true ], // T382785 ], </syntaxhighlight> === flaggedrevs.php === <syntaxhighlight lang="php"> elseif ( $wgDBname == 'enwikibooks' ) { // Limited to the main, Cookbook, and Wikijunior namespaces (T408110) $wgFlaggedRevsNamespaces = [ NS_MAIN, 102, 110 ]; $wgFlaggedRevsTags = [ 'value' => [ 'levels' => 3 ] ]; // Group permissions for sysops $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['review'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['stablesettings'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['validate'] = true; // Remove the 'editor' user group unset( $wgGroupPermissions['editor'] ); } </syntaxhighlight> {{collapse bottom}} Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:05, 3 May 2026 (UTC) :{{support}}, patrolling is obsolete since we have FlaggedRevs extension here. Additionally, we should also consider renaming <code>editor</code> to <code>reviewer</code> to avoid confusion. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 15:19, 3 May 2026 (UTC) :: I agree, but about the <code>validate</code> user right, is this still needed? <code>reviewer</code> has it by default, and administrators already have that user right; we might need to consider whether to remove <code>validate</code> completely from this wiki. :: Also, <code>reviewer</code> is ''not'' under autopromotion, so this means an administrator will have to manually grant and remove that user group, unlike <code>editor</code>. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:45, 3 May 2026 (UTC) b3svms26tl7qtndbckk59koi3eji0jk 4634509 4634441 2026-05-06T21:08:25Z Codename Noreste 3441010 /* Proposal related to FlaggedRevs */ (using [[wikt:MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 4634509 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:RFC|WB:PROPOSALS}} {{TOC left<!--|limit=2-->}} Welcome to the '''Proposals reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about suggestions for improving Wikibooks. {{User:MiszaBot/config |archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/%(year)d/%(monthname)s |algo = old(120d) |counter = 1 |key = 1f2adc5eee951900b65c7b981b786191 |minthreadstoarchive = 1 |minthreadsleft = 1 }} {{clear}} <!--Take threads to archive below this line--> <!--Add new threads to bottom of page--> == Retiring [[Template:Deleted page]] == {{tlx|Deleted page}} is a template that was used back in the day before salting (page creation protection) existed. Back then, if an admin wanted to prevent a page from being recreated, they would delete it and then recreate it with just that template, before fully protecting it. This method is completely unnecessary now that we can directly create-protect pages, and no new page has been added to [[:Category:Protected deleted pages]] in nearly eight years. Furthermore, I would like to propose that all the pages that currently have {{tlx|Naming policy notice}} be deleted and added to the ''title blacklist''. In the [[MediaWiki:Titleblacklist|title blacklist]], the error message should be set to an interface message that transcludes {{tlx|Naming policy notice}}. Since this is an editor-facing template, only would-be editors should be able to see it. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 22:55, 31 December 2025 (UTC) : Do you think we should delete {{tlx|Deleted page}} via RfD, but keep {{tlx|Naming policy notice}}? [[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:04, 31 December 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: Yes. {{tlx|Deleted page}} should be deleted, and {{tlx|Naming policy notice}} should be fully protected and transcluded in a MediaWiki namespace message. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 23:16, 31 December 2025 (UTC) :::Considering there were no objections to this proposal here, {{Doing|I am doing this...}} [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 01:44, 30 March 2026 (UTC) ::::{{done|All done}}, but the discussion about {{tlx|Deleted page}} is awaiting to be closed (since I initiated it). [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 02:37, 30 March 2026 (UTC) :[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]], I filed a request at [[Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Template:Deleted page]] to discuss whether to delete this template (and the categories used). [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:38, 29 January 2026 (UTC) == Some proposals involving a separate permission request page and notification of ongoing RFAs == I would like to propose the following below: === Proposal 1 === <s>We split off [[Wikibooks:Requests for adminship]] as a separate page for requesting adminship, bureaucrat, checkuser and suppressor (oversight) permissions. All other permissions, except the former mentioned permissions, would still be requested at [[Wikibooks:Requests for permissions]] (this is also the case for requesting interface administrator permissions, for admins).</s> === Proposal 2 === Given the low activity on this project, I propose that we must notify the community about ongoing RFAs, which could be either [[MediaWiki:Sitenotice]] or adding a notification at [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General]]. A general rule is that the notification must be written in a neutral fashion. === In conclusion... === Feel free to comment, ask, or anything else. Thanks. [[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 02:31, 1 January 2026 (UTC) :1. I don't see [[WB:RFP]] being clogged to justify creating a fork just for advanced permissions. :2. That is already something we do occasionally on a case-by-case basis. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 07:40, 1 January 2026 (UTC) :My thoughts below: :# I agree with @[[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] and don't really see a need for splitting off [[Wikibooks:Requests for adminship]] as a separate page, since there are generally not so many requests. :# I do think it could potentially be useful to notify the community about requests for adminship using [[MediaWiki:Sitenotice]]—it's not something I've seen us do before. @[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] are you proposing specifically that we codify it in policy? :—[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:59, 1 January 2026 (UTC) ::After considering, I've crossed out proposal 1, and regarding proposal 2, I would still think it should be in a guideline, not a policy. [[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 18:22, 1 January 2026 (UTC) :Proposal 2 seems reasonable to me. It could help people find requests if they are not watching RFP. [[User:Ternera|Ternera]] ([[User talk:Ternera|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Ternera|contribs]]) 15:01, 2 January 2026 (UTC) :I've been thinking about proposal 2, and it seems like it would be a good idea to create a template for this purpose that we could just pop into [[MediaWiki:Sitenotice]]. What about creating [[Template:RFA notice]], which could take as parameters the requestor and the path to the discussion? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:35, 24 January 2026 (UTC) ::I agree. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 17:12, 27 January 2026 (UTC) == Implement Visual Editor in more namespaces == {{closed|The Phabricator task has been resolved, and VE is enabled on the proposed namespaces as of today. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 17:06, 27 January 2026 (UTC)}} See the [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Technical Assistance#Visual Editor Implementation|original discussion]] for reference. ===Proposal=== Currently, the visual editor is implemented on the following namespaces: * Main * User * Help * Category * Cookbook * Wikijunior I am proposing that we implement the visual editor on the following namespaces: * Wikibooks * Transwiki ===Reasoning=== I use the source editor and the visual editor for different purposes. One of my primary uses of the visual editor is for text-heavy pages, where I use it for writing content and proofreading/copyediting. In contrast, I use the source editor for more complex and technical edits. I find it very difficult to parse text in the source editor, especially when there are many templates, tables, links, etc, and it is a pretty significant accessibility issue for me—I imagine that it could be so for other users as well. The Wikibooks and Transwiki namespaces are both namespaces that contain text- and content-heavy pages (e.g. policies, guidelines, essays), and I know I would benefit from the visual editor here—for example, I am currently working on the [[Wikibooks:Artificial intelligence/Unstable|unstable branch of a policy]], and it is proving to be kind of a pain to do without having the visual editor as an adjunct tool. The main challenge I see is that the Wikibooks namespace contains some talk pages (i.e. the reading room), and the visual editor is not intended for talk pages. However, there is [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370158 precedent] for implementing the visual editor in namespaces that contain talk pages as long as it is understood that the visual editor is not intended for these talk pages. Overall, it looks technically feasible. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:40, 11 January 2026 (UTC) === Discussion === Kicking off the discussion here! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:37, 24 January 2026 (UTC) :Pinging people who were part of the original discussion thread: @[[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] @[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] @[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]]. :Also pinging some other active administrators: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] @[[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] @[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] @[[User:Xania|Xania]] @[[User:JackPotte|JackPotte]] @[[User:TunnelESON|TunnelESON]]. Thanks! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:48, 24 January 2026 (UTC) ::No objections. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 16:30, 24 January 2026 (UTC) ::I'm fine as well. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 17:04, 24 January 2026 (UTC) :::Ditto. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 22:49, 24 January 2026 (UTC) ::All good on my end. —[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] [[User talk:Atcovi|(Talk]] - [[Special:Contributions/Atcovi|Contribs)]] 17:09, 25 January 2026 (UTC) :Phab ticket has been created at {{phab|T415595}}! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:49, 26 January 2026 (UTC) {{end closed}} == Redefining the inactivity policy for administrators and bots == Hi. I would like to propose that we redefine the inactivity policy for administrators (superseding the current procedure), and to create a local inactivity policy for bots. * For administrators that have made zero edits '''''and''''' zero logged actions for over a year, they will be listed under the removal section of [[Wikibooks:Requests for permissions]] (and notified on their user talk pages), where they are given a specific timeframe to respond so that they can retain their access, unless they specify otherwise. If they do not respond after that timeframe, a request will be forwarded to the removal section of [[:m:SRP]]. Should the timeframe last at least one week, two weeks, or one month? * For bots, the process is slightly different. Bots that are inactive (made no edits/logged actions) for over two years will be listed under the removal section of RfP (in the same manner as inactive administrators), but their operators must be notified first, and a week is given for the operators to respond. After the timeframe passes and an operator does not respond to the inactive bot removal request (for example), a request will be forwarded to the removal section of [[:m:SRB]]. Bot users that do not have the bot user group might be exempt, unless the discussion proposes otherwise. Thanks. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 20:34, 18 January 2026 (UTC) :Sounds fine to me. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 06:58, 21 January 2026 (UTC) ::Agreed here. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 00:36, 25 January 2026 (UTC) :I have no problem with this. Regarding the timeframe for administrators, one months seems reasonable. Thanks! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:29, 24 January 2026 (UTC) ::I think one month might be excessive IMO, but one week might not be enough for a timeframe, especially given the lack of discussion activity. Let’s compromise by choosing two weeks instead, if that's okay. ::Also, the reason I made this is because the inactivity policy on [[Wikibooks:Administrators]] seems vague. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 16:15, 24 January 2026 (UTC) :::@[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]], what timeframe would be feasible, two weeks, or one month? I'll be ready to implement this today. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 16:20, 30 January 2026 (UTC) ::::Two weeks should probably be fine unless anyone else has thoughts! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:55, 31 January 2026 (UTC) :::::[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]], I am reconsidering the current timeframe. I think we should revise by lowering the timeframe to one week for administrator inactivity removal, similar to how we currently do this for bots. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 17:17, 10 February 2026 (UTC) ::::::I think we should check to see what other people think here —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:49, 10 February 2026 (UTC) :I'm afraid I don't fully understand the procedure you're proposing for administrators. When someone is listed to be removed on RFP, is there a vote? Or is the poster just waiting for the inactive admin to reply? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 16:31, 24 January 2026 (UTC) ::In my new proposal, there will be no votes for removal, but inactive admins will be notified and given a timeframe to respond if they wish to retain their rights, unless they specify otherwise. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 17:42, 24 January 2026 (UTC) :{{done|Implemented}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 20:51, 31 January 2026 (UTC) ::Should I reduce the timeframe from two weeks down to one week? [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 04:55, 22 February 2026 (UTC) == Create a "file" that is an Example Book structured to be copied/used to quickly start a new book? == I am new to Wikibooks, if this already exists let me know.... If there was a Wikibook "file" that contained all the templates and "parts" that are used to create a properly structured book, it might be easier and quicker to create and contribute books here. This would have to include text that would explain the purpose of each of the sections and templates and offer advice for making changes that customize the example. One might copy it to their sandbox, follow the directions and make the updates that create the framework for their book. Then the work would be to fill in the text. I suppose the downside is that books would be categorized and shelved that are in progress. Abandoned books would need to be deleted or some template might need to be developed that might indicate that the book is incomplete. This would be removed when the book is ready for prime-time. {{unsigned|Rchaswms01|01:32, 3 February 2026}} == Allow all users (registered and unregistered) to view edit filters and their logs? == Hello, everyone. I would like to propose allowing all users to view not just edit filters and [[Special:AbuseLog|their log]], but also detailed edit filter log entries. In addition to that, I am also proposing that we set <code>$wgAbuseFilterNotifications</code> to <code>true</code> by removing <code>$wgAbuseFilterNotifications = false;</code>. {{collapse top|This proposal aims to reverse a part of [[phab:T26304]] for the AbuseFilter extension:}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> We would like to enable the AbuseFilter extension (see below) with custom permissions. Please *add*: $wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-view'] = false; $wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-log'] = false; $wgGroupPermissions['autoconfirmed']['abusefilter-view'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['autoconfirmed']['abusefilter-log'] = true; </syntaxhighlight> <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> I'm sorry for yet another reply, but the user rights for the abuse filter need to be tweaked to match the request. abusefilter-view should be for autoconfirmed/confirmed only and not for all users. abusefilter-log should be for autoconfirmed/confirmed only and not for all users. The logic behind this was to prevent casual vandals from gaming the system. Thank you for your efforts. </syntaxhighlight> {{collapse bottom}} {{collapse top|Current configuration}} <syntaxhighlight lang="php"> case 'enwikibooks': $wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-view'] = false; $wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-log'] = false; $wgAbuseFilterNotifications = false; $wgGroupPermissions['autoconfirmed']['abusefilter-view'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['autoconfirmed']['abusefilter-log'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['autoconfirmed']['abusefilter-log-detail'] = true; // T383332 $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-revert'] = true; // T411828 $wgAbuseFilterActions['block'] = true; // T273864 break; </syntaxhighlight> {{collapse bottom}} {{collapse top|Proposed configuration}} <syntaxhighlight lang="php"> case 'enwikibooks': $wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-log-detail'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-revert'] = true; // T411828 $wgAbuseFilterActions['block'] = true; // T273864 break; </syntaxhighlight> {{collapse bottom}} Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 18:55, 2 April 2026 (UTC) :See also: {{section link|Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/2025/January#Reforming the edit filter}}. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 22:50, 2 April 2026 (UTC) == Introduce speedy deletion criteria? == I would like to propose that we introduce speedy deletion criteria to Wikibooks, such as {{tq|G1: [reason]}}. I suggest that we adapt from the English Wikipedia's CSD criteria ([[:w:Wikipedia:Speedy deletion]]) but utilize our existing deletion reasons, and even include '''G''' for general, '''R''' for redirects, and so on. Speedy deletion reasons are already included in the [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy|deletion policy]], but should this proposal pass, the new speedy deletion criteria can be split out to a separate policy page, if needed (e.g. [[Wikibooks:Speedy deletion]]). Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:39, 7 April 2026 (UTC) :On the whole, that seems like it could be useful to expand out our CSD in a more detailed way. Why don't you go ahead and create [[Wikibooks:Speedy deletion]] as a draft, write out your initial proposal, and then we can workshop it together? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:33, 10 April 2026 (UTC) :@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: How can this proposal avoid accusations of [[m:Instruction creep|instruction creep]]? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]_{[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]_{[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]}} ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 23:21, 14 April 2026 (UTC) :: How does instruction creep have anything to do with this? [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:31, 14 April 2026 (UTC) ::: Well, in that case, we might keep the descriptions simple, not overly detailed. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 02:30, 17 April 2026 (UTC) ::::In that case, we may need to introduce that motion. – [[User:RestoreAccess111|RestoreAccess111]] <sup style="font-family:Arimo, Arial;">[[User talk:RestoreAccess111|Talk!]]</sup> <sup style="font-family:Times New Roman, Tinos;">[[Special:Contributions/RestoreAccess111|Watch!]]</sup> 04:38, 17 April 2026 (UTC) :We already have speedy deletion though so I don't understand this proposal. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 15:56, 24 April 2026 (UTC) :@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] I created a very early draft in [[User:Kingofnuthin/sandbox|my sandbox]] by merging content from [[w:Wikipedia:Speedy deletion]] and [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy]]. I added most of the criteria from English Wikipedia's page but I left some that can't be in Wikibooks (such as notability criteria). As I said, the draft is currently very undetailed and only provides simple explanations for criteria except for a few of them. You can add this draft to [[Wikibooks:Speedy deletion]] to clarify the details of the proposal. I am also open to any feedback regarding the draft. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 16:11, 26 April 2026 (UTC) :: I moved your draft to [[Wikibooks:Speedy deletion]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 18:15, 26 April 2026 (UTC) ::This generally looks good; I've got a couple comments on specific criteria: ::* "G5. Pages dependent on a non-existent or deleted page" includes subpages with no parent page. Given the extent to which Wikibooks uses page nesting, this seems risky - at a minimum, the criterion should be revised to "subpages with no parent '''book'''", and existing pages which meet this criterion should be grandfathered in or otherwise addressed. ::* "B4. Books that duplicate an existing topic" should probably be removed. Unlike Wikipedia, Wikibooks has historically allowed multiple books to address the same topic, e.g. [[Mandarin Chinese]] and [[Chinese (Mandarin)]], or [[C++ Language]] and [[C++ Programming]]. Whether a book "expands upon, details or improves information" in another book is very subjective; determining whether this is the case should be handled in a deletion discussion, not by an admin processing speedy deletions. ::Additionally, I'd suggest that three criteria be added: ::* Books which are over a week old and which contain no instructional content (e.g. books which are nothing but a table of contents). These books are already routinely deleted under [[WB:NMC]]; adopting this as a CSD streamlines the process. ::* Pages in any namespace which are unambiguously advertisements or promotional in nature (akin to [[:w:WP:CSD#G11]]). ::* Pages in any namespace which infringe upon copyright, akin to [[:w:WP:CSD#G12]]. F6/F7 address ''files'' which are copyvios, but not text. ::[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 05:54, 29 April 2026 (UTC) ::: [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]], feel free to make those changes to [[Wikibooks:Speedy deletion]], from your comments. It's a draft proposal. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 14:21, 29 April 2026 (UTC) :::@[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]]: I agree on your thoughts for the removal of B4 and the addition of a new general criterion for copyvios, so I did those. However, I think that G5 is fine in its current state. I don't understand what situation would be "risky" in this case, so please provide some example for that. Additionally, I don't think we need an advertisement criterion right now, as Wikibooks does not seem to have a promotion problem, as it is a collection of textbooks. Also, you mentioned [[Wikibooks:NMC]] as a new criterion even though I copy-pasted criterion G1 from the exact part you mentioned. Such pages could be deleted under G1. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 16:06, 29 April 2026 (UTC) ::::With regards to G5, I've seen some situations where a book was incorrectly renamed in such a way that some of the subpages remained under the original title of the book, or pages of a book are inadvertently created under an incorrect title. Given the proposed wording for G5, those pages would be eligible for speedy deletion, even though they are in use as part of the book. ::::With regards to advertisements, Wikibooks does get some spam page creations; you'll see some if you scroll through [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=delete the deletion log]. It's typically deleted quickly by admins, but if we're codifying criteria for speedy deletion, this should be included as an allowable reason. ::::As far as G1 / NMC is concerned, I initially read G1 as applying only to pages which contain no meaningful content at all, like pages which are empty, nonsense, or vandalism, and which should be deleted promptly. I see this as distinct from books which are superficially well-formed, but which fail to develop, e.g. a user who creates an ambitious-sounding table of contents for a book, but never returns to write any of the text. These shouldn't be deleted immediately (since it takes time to write content!), but are routinely speedily deleted once it's clear that no further content is forthcoming. Since this is a bit of a different process, it should probably be treated as a separate criterion. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 17:28, 29 April 2026 (UTC) :::::I added "Editors should be careful when nominating such pages, as they might be incorrectly named instead. In such cases, editors should move the page to its correctly-titled version." to G5. For advertising you said "Wikibooks does get some spam page creations", but we already have "Spam and vandalism" for G1. In G1, I removed "abandoned content" and made it a new criterion B5 under the book section. (As this would only apply to books.) [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 17:43, 29 April 2026 (UTC) :Quite frankly I don't see the need for a wiki of this size, in addition to what {{u|Leaderboard}} has mentioned. The current reasonings are perfectly fine, and subtly discourage the use of using abbreviations meaningless to new users. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 05:51, 4 May 2026 (UTC) ::Maybe we could do it without abbreviations, whilst keeping the categories. Our current speedy deletion policy is too short, and only includes main and userspace pages. We need more criteria for the Cookbook and Wikijunior for example. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 12:21, 4 May 2026 (UTC) :::But why? [[:w:Wikipedia:If it ain't broke, don't fix it|If it ain't broke, don't fix it]]. Cookbook and Wikijunior for all purposes of policy can generally be implied to be mainspace pages. I find this really overkill for a wiki of this size. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 07:55, 5 May 2026 (UTC) ::My other worry with this change is that it removes a ''lot'' of flexibility when it comes to page deletions. That's especially crucial on a wiki like this where there is a lot of abandoned content lying around; I thus {{oppose}} this proposal in any form. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:11, 6 May 2026 (UTC) == Questions about [[Wikibooks:Annotated texts]] == I was recently reading over the policy on annotated texts and had a few questions aimed at reforming that policy. (The talk page for the policy has been inactive for eleven years, so I figured a post there would be unlikely to attract attention.) # First and foremost - how many annotated texts of the type described by this policy are actually hosted on Wikibooks? I am only aware of one, [[Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses]], which is quite incomplete. Are there a significant number more that I am unable to find? If not, might it be appropriate to revise this policy and related documents to reflect that annotated texts are, at best, an experimental part of the project? # The policy on annotated texts currently permits '''unannotated''' source texts to be hosted on Wikibooks provided that either the text is not on Wikisource, or that it is "widely used in classrooms". This seems like a rather large unintended loophole in the policy - there are innumerable texts which have not been transcribed on Wikisource, but which it would not make sense for Wikibooks to house either. Similarly, there are many texts which are "widely used in classrooms", but which have never been annotated on Wikibooks and are unlikely to ever be. The policy also notes the possibility that a multilingual project could create annotated texts with parallel page names across all language editions; I am certainly unaware of any such. Are there any texts on Wikibooks which rely on this policy, or would it be appropriate to strike this section? [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:54, 28 April 2026 (UTC) :The policy seems to be contradicting [[Wikibooks:SOURCE]], which states that annotated texts are the only exception to published texts being on Wikibooks. This means that we have a policy that says unannotated source texts are permitted, and another one that says they aren't allowed. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 19:02, 28 April 2026 (UTC) :There is also [[Annotations of The Complete Peanuts]]. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 14:26, 29 April 2026 (UTC) ::That isn't an annotated text of the type described by this policy, as it doesn't include the original text that's being commented on. (Which it can't, because ''Peanuts'' is still under copyright.) [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 16:29, 29 April 2026 (UTC) :::Correct, it is not an inline annotation: I was just pointing it out as another kind of annotated text here. :::For what it's worth, our sister project Wikisource [[:s:en:Category:Wikisource annotations|also hosts inline annotations]], such as [[:s:en:What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?/Annotated]], which I made. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 16:33, 29 April 2026 (UTC) :::The main problem here is that the policy permits "unannotated texts" even though we don't host them here. I think that the first thing you mentioned can stay but we might need to strike out the second part from the policy as it is contradictory. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 16:38, 29 April 2026 (UTC) ::::Yeah - I certainly don't mean to suggest that the ''Ulysses'' annotations need to go away; I'm mostly curious if this policy has any wider applicability, or if its only function is to allow this one text. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 17:37, 29 April 2026 (UTC) == Proposal related to FlaggedRevs == As said per [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General#Page patrolling]], I would like to propose the following: # <code>$wgUseNPPatrol</code> and <code>$wgUseFilePatrol</code> are both to be set to <code>false</code>. # <code>autopatrol</code> and <code>patrol</code> are to be removed from some user groups on this wiki. This is because FlaggedRevs is used to review new pages and edits, so I don't think MediaWiki's native patrol function is needed here. It's similar to [[phab:T423461]] (completely turning off the new page patrol function on Ukrainian Wikipedia). In addition, I would like to propose we move the following interface pages once after the below configuration has been implemented: * [[MediaWiki:Revreview-value]] to [[MediaWiki:Revreview-accuracy]] * [[MediaWiki:Revreview-value-1]] to [[MediaWiki:Revreview-accuracy-1]] * [[MediaWiki:Revreview-value-2]] to [[MediaWiki:Revreview-accuracy-2]] * [[MediaWiki:Revreview-value-3]] to [[MediaWiki:Revreview-accuracy-3]] I don't really see a reason why we should use {{tq|value}} instead of {{tq|accuracy}} to stand out, when some other projects use {{tq|accuracy}}. {{collapse top|Proposed configuration}} === core-Permissions.php === <syntaxhighlight lang="php"> '+enwikibooks' => [ 'reviewer' => [ 'rollback' => true, 'suppressredirect' => true, ], 'flood' => [ 'bot' => true ], 'sysop' => [ 'autopatrol' => false, 'patrol' => false, 'importupload' => true, // T278683 ], 'uploader' => [ 'upload' => true, 'reupload' => true, ], 'import' => [ 'mergehistory' => true ], // T382785 'transwiki' => [ 'mergehistory' => true ], // T382785 ], </syntaxhighlight> === flaggedrevs.php === <syntaxhighlight lang="php"> elseif ( $wgDBname == 'enwikibooks' ) { // Limited to the main, Cookbook, and Wikijunior namespaces (T408110) $wgFlaggedRevsNamespaces = [ NS_MAIN, 102, 110 ]; $wgFlaggedRevsTags = [ 'accuracy' => [ 'levels' => 3 ] ]; // Group permissions for sysops $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['review'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['stablesettings'] = true; $wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['validate'] = true; // Remove the 'editor' user group unset( $wgGroupPermissions['editor'] ); } </syntaxhighlight> {{collapse bottom}} Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:05, 3 May 2026 (UTC) :{{support}}, patrolling is obsolete since we have FlaggedRevs extension here. Additionally, we should also consider renaming <code>editor</code> to <code>reviewer</code> to avoid confusion. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 15:19, 3 May 2026 (UTC) :: I agree, but about the <code>validate</code> user right, is this still needed? <code>reviewer</code> has it by default, and administrators already have that user right; we might need to consider whether to remove <code>validate</code> completely from this wiki. :: Also, <code>reviewer</code> is ''not'' under autopromotion, so this means an administrator will have to manually grant and remove that user group, unlike <code>editor</code>. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 15:45, 3 May 2026 (UTC) rfd6ywjm745ago0e2s33g0wm1u2y4rj 0 158290 4634562 4084798 2026-05-07T08:44:08Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634562 wikitext text/x-wiki {{XML-MDE|prev=XUL|next=Web Services}} AJAX is nowadays one of the most common used words in the WEB 2.0 era. While the historic remains of it are not really clear (similar logic to manipulate parts of a webpage was already thought of as DHTML, long before the term AJAX existed and suprisingly even using some type of DOM later on) it is now one of the most important technologies used by modern webdesigners. <br>But what does AJAX mean? - In short, AJAX stands for '''''A'''synchronous '''J'''avaScript '''a'''nd '''X'''ML''. It describes a concept of asynchronous data transfer (here: data encapsulated in XML) between the client (usually a webbrowser) and a server to only exchange/ alter a part of the webpage without the need of a full pagereload. That means the browser will issue an XMLHttpRequest in the background and receive only a part of the page - usually tied to one or more html-tags holding uids. The following are the main components of the Ajax programming pattern. <ul><li>JavaScript - The most popular scripting language on the Web and supported by all major browsers. Ajax applications are built in JavaScript. </li> <li>Document Object Model (DOM) - Defines the structure of a web page as a set of programmable objects. In Ajax programming, the DOM allows us to redraw portions of the page.</li> <li>Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) - Provides a way to define the visual appearance of elements on a web page.</li> <li>XMLHttpRequest - Allows a client-side script to perform an HTTP request, effectively eliminating a full-page refresh or postback in Ajax applications.</li> <li>XML - It is sometimes used as the format for transferring data between the server and client, but other text-based formats work as well.</li> </ul> Ajax offers a number of advantages. Some of the most important are listed below. <ul><li>Lower demand of bandwidth: The fact that it is not necessary to re-load a page completely when additional information is requested allows minimizing the data transfer. The demand of bandwidth is also reduced by producing HTML locally within the browser (note: however as we have additional overhead produced by the embedding of the JavaScript this is only true in case of more than one or two pagerequests from the same site).</li> <li>Browser plug-in not necessary: Ajax runs with every browser which supports JavaScript. There is no additional plug-in needed. This is an advantage over technologies like Shockwave or Flash (note: in some cases however it is possible that some browsers behave different; especially IE prior to version 6 is known for odd behaviour).</li> <li>Separation of data and formats: This allows the web application to be more efficient. Programmers can separate the methods and formats for delivering information over the web. So they can use a language they are familiar with (note: the reason for this is CSS and not AJAX).</li> <li>Websites more user-friendly: Because of the minimized data transfer the response to the actions of the user is much faster. Furthermore interfaces built with Ajax can be more user-friendly (note: however, AJAX without fallback to plain-vanilla HTML request-response cycle is infamous for being a big drawback to barrier free web design).</li> </ul> == Classic RequestResponse vs. AJAX Cycle == <!-- Image commented as it was deleted. <center>[[Image:Xml-Ajax.png]]</center><br> --> As you can see in the image, the AJAX cycle embedds an additional JavaScript library into the client side. The JS lib therefor is used to communicate with the server (in case the AJAX is in use) as well as manipulating the HTML page it is embedded on. For a small example well now take a look at a so called AutoComplete (we take a look at basic procesing there and skip the detailed JS-DOM manipulating). The traditional approach on the other hand allways requires a full request-response cycle that sends the whole page from the server to the browser. == A Simple Example: AutoComplete == This example shows a simple AutoComplete textfield from the wicket examples (wicket is a component oriented JavaWebFramework under the hood of the ASF - http://wicket.apache.org/). The example is online [http://wicketstuff.org/wicket13/ajax/autocomplete live here] so you can not only follow the code but rather see it live in action. <br><br> [[Image:Xml-autocomplete.png|center]] <br> The idea behind an AutoComplete textfield is to aid users by showing useful possibilites during the filling of the field. Imagine you are at amazon.com looking for a product "foo" and you fill it into the search bar just to find out that it doesnt exist after submitting it - with an AutoComplete aware field you would already have known that after some letters. To have an easy example we now will look at a single field where you can enter the names of countries like "England", "Germany" or "Austria". The HTML behind it is rather easy (the necessary JavaScript is automatically provided by wicket; similar to what pure JS libs like prototype do; you could of course provide your own implementation, even if this would not really make sense): <pre><nowiki> ... header containing CSS + HTML-head left out... The textfield below will autocomplete country names. It utilizes AutoCompleteTextField in wicket-extensions.<br/><br/> <form wicket:id="form"> Country: <input type="text" wicket:id="ac" size="50"/> </form> ...footer left out... </nowiki></pre> So we currently only got a simple form holding a plain <input />. The "wicket:id" is only for tying it to the Java code and has no impact on AJAX (in fact in production mode it will be stripped out). The Java is also not too complicated: <syntaxhighlight lang="java"> public class AutoCompletePage extends BasePage { /** * Constructor of the AutoCompletePage */ public AutoCompletePage() { Form form = new Form("form"); add(form); final AutoCompleteTextField field = new AutoCompleteTextField("ac", new Model("")) { protected Iterator getChoices(String input) { if (Strings.isEmpty(input)) { return Collections.EMPTY_LIST.iterator(); } List choices = new ArrayList(10); Locale[] locales = Locale.getAvailableLocales(); for (int i = 0; i < locales.length; i++) { final Locale locale = locales[i]; final String country = locale.getDisplayCountry(); if (country.toUpperCase().startsWith(input.toUpperCase())) { choices.add(country); if (choices.size() == 10) { break; } } } return choices.iterator(); } }; form.add(field); ...more Java here, but not needed for this simple example case... } } </syntaxhighlight> So we see here a plain page that gets a Form attached. That Form on the other side holds an ''Ajaxified'' version of a TextField. The ''protected Iterator getChoices(String input)'' is called after hitting a key (entering some value into the field by using your keyboard) by an AJAX call (we see this later) - meaning this function is the representation of the business logic for the AJAX. Here we only check if we already have sth. entered (user may delete sth.) and if it is, then if there are countries existing that start with the already entered letters (e.g.: if you enter ''Aus'' it will find coutries like Austria and Australia). The resulting WebPage will be this: <syntaxhighlight lang="html4strict"> <html> <head> <script type="text/javascript"><!--/*--><![CDATA[/*><!--*/ var clientTimeVariable = new Date().getTime(); /*-->]]>*/</script> ...title + css stripped out... <script type="text/javascript" src="resources/org.apache.wicket.markup.html.WicketEventReference/wicket-event.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="resources/org.apache.wicket.ajax.WicketAjaxReference/wicket-ajax.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="resources/org.apache.wicket.ajax.AbstractDefaultAjaxBehavior/wicket-ajax-debug.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="resources/org.apache.wicket.extensions.ajax.markup.html.autocomplete.AutoCompleteBehavior/wicket-autocomplete.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" ><!--/*--><![CDATA[/*><!--*/ Wicket.Event.add(window, "domready", function() { new Wicket.AutoComplete('i1','?wicket:interface=:1:form:ac::IActivePageBehaviorListener:1:&amp;wicket:ignoreIfNotActive=true',false);;}); /*-->]]>*/</script> </head> <body> ...head stripped out... The textfield below will autocomplete country names. It utilizes AutoCompleteTextField in wicket-extensions.<br/><br/> <form action="?wicket:interface=:1:form::IFormSubmitListener::" method="post" id="i2"><div style="display:none"><input type="hidden" name="i2_hf_0" id="i2_hf_0" /></div> Country: <input value="" autocomplete="off" type="text" size="50" name="ac" onchange="var wcall=wicketSubmitFormById('i2', '?wicket:interface=:1:form:ac::IActivePageBehaviorListener:3:&amp;wicket:ignoreIfNotActive=true', null,null,null, function() {return Wicket.$$(this)&amp;&amp;Wicket.$$('i2')}.bind(this));;" id="i1"/> </form> <script type="text/javascript"><!--/*--><![CDATA[/*><!--*/ window.defaultStatus='Server parsetime: 0.0070s, Client parsetime: ' + (new Date().getTime() - clientTimeVariable)/1000 + 's'; /*-->]]>*/</script> </body> </html> </syntaxhighlight> So we now got our html decorated with a bunch of JS resources (holding the DOM parser, transformer and so on) as well as a JS behaviour to our <input> field using the ''onchange="..."'' JS method. If you now start entering some chars like "au" into the field, the onchange event is triggered and will call the wicketSubmitFormById() method issueing a call to the server and receiving XML: <pre><nowiki> 1 INFO: focus set on i4 2 INFO: 3 INFO: Initiating Ajax GET request on ?wicket:interface=:1:form:ac::IActivePageBehaviorListener:1:&wicket:ignoreIfNotActive=true&q=au&random=0.9530900388300743 4 INFO: Invoking pre-call handler(s)... 5 INFO: Received ajax response (85 characters) 6 INFO: <ul><li textvalue="Austria">Austria</li><li textvalue="Australia">Australia</li></ul> 7 INFO: </nowiki></pre> In line 1 the focus on the field (here with uid i4) was set. After we entered "au" into the field in line 3 an AJAX request to the server is issued. Line 4+5 illustrate the pre-call handlers and the receiving of the AJAX response. Line 6 displays the already decoded content of the response, holding a <nowiki><ul></nowiki> with the 2 expected countries that are starting with "au" and that are now placed by the JS header libs at the appropriate place on the page. You now have seen a small, simple example in the big world of AJAX. To really understand it you should [http://wicketstuff.org/wicket13/ajax/autocomplete watch and use it live] (dont forget to hit the "wicket AJAX debug" link on the right lower corner, so you can see the communication). Under http://wicketstuff.org/wicket13/ajax/ you'll find plenty more running examples all with code. {{BookCat}} 50sxaeqvbru1soyng9z7zjywjud1dkx 10 158453 4634468 4611230 2026-05-06T17:54:05Z Codename Noreste 3441010 Using TemplateStyles, adding a documentation template. 4634468 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><templatestyles src="Template:Collapsible/styles.css"/><div class="collapsible" style="clear:both; width:{{{width|70%}}}; margin-left:2em;"> <div class="title" style="background-color:#000066; color:#FFFFFF; text-align:{{{alignT|left}}}">{{{header|}}}</div> <div class="body" style="text-align:{{{align|left}}}"> {{{text|}}} </div> </div></includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} [[{{BOOKCATEGORY|SQL Exercises}}/Templates|{{PAGENAME}}]] </noinclude> r5yllnirjau0kgi73934mlj1vwwp5vy 0 176456 4634532 4611848 2026-05-07T01:47:05Z ~2026-27559-44 3581816 /* Theory table */ 4634532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Sicilian with 2...Nc6 |eco=[[Chess/ECOB|B30]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...c5|Sicilian defence]] → [[../|2...Nc6]] }} == 3. Nc3 == White develops their knights to their most active squares. White usually intends to put their knight on c3 eventually: by playing it, now White waits to open the centre with d4 until they have more information about how Black intends to play. This move suggest the possibility of not playing d4, and instead playing a closed position. [[/3...e5|'''3...e5''']] is the main move. This capitalises on White's hesitation and prevents White from getting to play d4 after all. 4. Bc4 is the main continuation, as now Black's cannot play ...e6 to limit the bishop, and the position resembles an Italian game where Black has somehow gotten in c5. Otherwise, Black may keep things in more familiar Sicilian territory with [[/3...g6|'''3...g6''']], [[/3...d6|'''3...d6''']], or [[/3...e6|'''3...e6''']], where White can then choose between 4. Bb5 or 4. d4, transposing to a main line open Sicilian. ==Theory table== {{Chess Opening Theory/Table}} '''1. e4 c5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 e5 4. Bb5 Nb4 5. Ba4 a5 6. Nxe5 f6 7. Nc4 b6 8. f4''' '''Nh6 9. Ne3 Ba6 10. a3 Ng4 11. Nxg4 h5 12. Nf2 h4 13. axb4 cxb4 14. Ne2 b5 15.''' '''Bb3 a4 16. Bd5 Bb7 17. Bxb7 Rb8 18. Bd5 Rc8 19. Nd4 Qc7 20. Ne6 dxe6 21. Bxe6''' '''Ke7 22. Bxc8 Qxc8 23. c3 Ke8 24. cxb4 Bxb4 25. f5 g5 26. O-O g4 27. Nxg4 Rh5 28.''' '''Nxf6+ Kf7 29. Nxh5 Qxf5 30. exf5 Bxd2 31. Qxd2 b4 32. Qxb4 Ke8 33. Qxa4+ Ke7 34.''' '''Qxh4+ Kd6 35. Qd4+ Kc6 36. Qa7 Kd5 37. f6 Ke6 38. Qe3+ Kf7 39. Ra7+ Kg6 40. Qg3+''' '''Kxh5 41. Ra5# 1-0''' <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> <tr> <th></th> <th align="left">3</th> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Sicilian, Taimanov</th> <td>...<br>[[/3...e6|e6]]</td> <td>d4<br>&nbsp;</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Sicilian</th> <td>...<br>[[/3...d6|d6]]</td> <td>d4<br>&nbsp;</td> <td></td> </tr> </table> {{ChessMid}} ==References== {{reflist}} === See also === {{Wikipedia|Sicilian Defence}} {{BCO2}} {{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}} 25rp738aprt2ttvlf0yalbnh7fj41wg 4634610 4634532 2026-05-07T09:46:31Z JCrue 2226064 Rejected the last text change (by [[Special:Contributions/~2026-27559-44|~2026-27559-44]]) and restored revision 4611848 by JCrue 4634610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Sicilian with 2...Nc6 |eco=[[Chess/ECOB|B30]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...c5|Sicilian defence]] → [[../|2...Nc6]] }} == 3. Nc3 == White develops their knights to their most active squares. White usually intends to put their knight on c3 eventually: by playing it, now White waits to open the centre with d4 until they have more information about how Black intends to play. This move suggest the possibility of not playing d4, and instead playing a closed position. [[/3...e5|'''3...e5''']] is the main move. This capitalises on White's hesitation and prevents White from getting to play d4 after all. 4. Bc4 is the main continuation, as now Black's cannot play ...e6 to limit the bishop, and the position resembles an Italian game where Black has somehow gotten in c5. Otherwise, Black may keep things in more familiar Sicilian territory with [[/3...g6|'''3...g6''']], [[/3...d6|'''3...d6''']], or [[/3...e6|'''3...e6''']], where White can then choose between 4. Bb5 or 4. d4, transposing to a main line open Sicilian. ==Theory table== {{Chess Opening Theory/Table}} '''1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3''' <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> <tr> <th></th> <th align="left">3</th> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Sicilian, Taimanov</th> <td>...<br>[[/3...e6|e6]]</td> <td>d4<br>&nbsp;</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Sicilian</th> <td>...<br>[[/3...d6|d6]]</td> <td>d4<br>&nbsp;</td> <td></td> </tr> </table> {{ChessMid}} ==References== {{reflist}} === See also === {{Wikipedia|Sicilian Defence}} {{BCO2}} {{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}} ibxtj20o05cgu99n5sjgs1xxyd5ln8b 8 177219 4634436 4618246 2026-05-06T13:50:31Z Codename Noreste 3441010 + 4634436 wikitext text/x-wiki {{int:Sitenotice}} ozl0mx452gcpm2fjk053tfgyiqdy9z5 0 184044 4634581 4342373 2026-05-07T08:55:26Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center|<big><big><big>'''Windows Mail'''</big></big></big>}} </br> This category will teach you how to use E-Mail with Windows Mail. An e-mail is a data file that must contain at least one E-Mail Address (i.e contactjohn@yoingco.com), a Subject (i.e Photos Attached) and a Message (in the form of a small note or a letter). An e-mail can also contain one or more Files (i.e Photographs and Documents) which are known as Attachments, but do not worry too much about this as e-mail Attachments, Sending, Receiving, Forwarding and so on will be explained in later sections. If you are not keen on learning about the technicals of E-Mail Servers I would suggest you read the next paragraph only before skipping to Getting Started below. Windows Mail is the E-Mail Client that comes with Windows Vista. It has two main jobs to do - Send e-mail to your E-Mail Server and retrieve e-mail from your E-Mail Server. An e-mail server is like any other server. It is a master computer (normally your ISP's computer) that serves your e-mail needs. Basically. Windows Mail is the client (customer) server (program) that communicates with your e-mail (host's/ISP's) server. Together they relay your incoming and outgoing e-mail between computers (servers). Below is a diagram that shows how Windows Mail is used with an e-mail (ISP's) server. [[image:Windowsmailstructure.png|center]] The above diagram (top-left) shows that you should start Windows Mail, Write (compose) an e-mail and then instruct windows mail to SEND that e-mail to your ISP's computer. Windows Mail communicates with your ISP's computer and gives it your e-mail account details along with the e-mail itself. Your ISP's computer, which monitors all extended Internet connections coming from Internet Explorer as well as from Windows Mail and so on, then has to verify/authorize the received e-mail account's username & password and check the email for malware (viruses and so on) before it can then forward your email to the recipients ISP's computer. An example of setting up an e-mail account is given below. Assuming the verification/authorization all went well, when the recipient's ISP computer receives the email it goes through a similar verification/authorization process before putting the e-mail into the recipient's INBOX. So at this point, assuming all went well, your e-mail is now on your recipient's ISP computer waiting to be downloaded (received) by them. When your recipient wants to receive their e-mail they have to launch Windows Mail first, on their computer (shown above in blue, Recipient Starts Their Windows Mail), and then tell windows mail to RECEIVE ALL e-mail. What happens next is that their ISP's computer receives the RECEIVE ALL E-MAIL request from windows mail, verifies/authorizes the request (by checking their e-mail account details) and then sends (downloads) them their e-mails if all went well with the verification/authorization process. When they have received all of their e-mails they should have the e-mail you sent amongst them. === GETTING STARTED === Before launching windows mail make sure you have the Main Internet Connection, as described in The Internet section, open. Windows mail expects the main Internet connection to be open so that it can use an Extended Internet Connection (also explained in The Internet section) to communicate directly with your ISP's computer. Therefore, there is no need to have Internet Explorer open - Internet Explorer, which uses its own extended Internet connection to download/upload files and web pages, has nothing to do with windows mail whatsoever. Failing to have the main Internet connection open before launching windows mail might result in errors and/or the Dial-Up requester appearing. To launch windows mail either click on its Quick Launch icon (Fig 1.0) or double click on its Desktop icon (Fig 1.1). If there are no windows mail icons in these places launch windows mail from the START menu - Click on the START button, then on ALL PROGRAMS and then on Windows Mail [[image:startmenu1.png|center]] {{center|<b>The Quick Launch icon</b>}} </br> [[image:mailicon.png|center]] {{center|<b>The Desktop icon </b>}} </br> [[image:windowsmailtostartmenu1.png|center]] {{center|<b>The START >> ALL PROGRAMS menu-item </b>}} </br> As soon as you launch windows mail the first window you will see is its copyright message window (Fig 1.3). A few seconds later the main window will appear. [[image:windowsmailloading.png|center]] {{center|<b>The copyright message window</b>}} </br> [[image:windowsmailmainwindow.png|center]] {{center|<b>The main window </b>}} If you have more than one e-mail client installed on your computer, such as Windows Mail and Microsoft Outlook, and windows mail is not the default (normal) e-mail client to use the following message requester will appear when you start windows mail. To make windows mail the default e-mail client, and to stop the message requester from appearing again, click on the YES button. Clicking on the NO button will allow you to use windows mail but next time around the message requester will appear again. [[image:windowsmaildialougebox.png|center]] {{center|<br>Click on YES to make Windows Mail the default (always used) e-mail client}} === SET UP AN E-MAIL ACCOUNT === Before you can send and/or receive e-mail you must first have an E-Mail Address & Password. You normally get an e-mail address & password when you sign up with your ISP (Internet Service Provider). For example. When I signed up with BT OpenWorld they gave me one e-mail address - yoingco@btinternet.com - and asked me to provide a password for it. I also have the e-mail address contactjohn@yoingco.com, with a password, from when I signed up for this website. I could also get a free e-mail address & password from the Internet, from Hotmail or Yahoo for example. However. Companies that give a free e-mail address & password, such as Hotmail and Yahoo, normally want you to manage your e-mail using their website only. To manage your e-mail using windows mail normally means you have to have a paid-for e-mail address & password, such as an ISP's e-mail address & password or a website owner's e-mail address & password. At this stage you might be wondering "Why use Windows Mail? If I have an e-mail address & password I can check my e-mail from my ISP's website". And this is true, but the whole point of windows mail is that it does not rely on Internet explorer and so does not inherit Internet explorer's problems (slow speed, pictures not showing correctly and so on). Windows Mail for example is faster at sending/receiving e-mail, it allows you to manage more than one e-mail address & password, it is not bound to 250Mb of storage space (because it uses your hard drive space instead), it allows you to import/export e-mails and e-mail addresses and is generally better (feature-wise) than an ISP's website based e-mail client. In order to use windows mail you must first set up an E-Mail Account for each e-mail address & password you want managing. So assuming you have an e-mail address & password already click on the TOOLS menu of windows mail, so that its menu-items appear, and then select the ACCOUNTS menu-item (Fig 2.0). The Internet Accounts window will then appear {{BookCat}} k9ja7q9bdstflwc5nlrqdsd88nm5w1y 0 203880 4634506 4630883 2026-05-06T19:57:45Z ~2026-27503-63 3581776 /* Pattern: 1-1 */ 4634506 wikitext text/x-wiki To become proficient at the game you must learn to recognize patterns in the playing field. In the following text: * c = left click * m = mine * n = any number * w = wall * x = don't know/don't care ==Line patterns== ===Pattern: Row of Ones=== {| |+ Given |- | ... ||2 || [[File:Minesweeper 1.svg|1 Square]] || [[File:Minesweeper 1.svg|1 Square]] || [[File:Minesweeper 1.svg|1 Square]] || [[File:Minesweeper 1.svg|1 Square]] || [[File:Minesweeper 1.svg|1 Square]] || [[File:Minesweeper 1.svg|1 Square]] || ... |} {| |+ Play |- | ... ||[[File:Minesweeper flag.svg|Depiction of a flag tile]] || || || || || [[File:Tabler-icons click.svg|76px|Click]] || [[File:Minesweeper flag.svg|Depiction of a flag tile]] || |} {{Stub}} {{Status|0%}} 8dy6olyj654sgw042ijxf4txe3q673s 4634527 4634506 2026-05-06T23:36:59Z SHB2000 3332924 Rejected the last text change (by [[Special:Contributions/~2026-27503-63|~2026-27503-63]]) and restored revision 4630883 by Saroj 4634527 wikitext text/x-wiki To become proficient at the game you must learn to recognize patterns in the playing field. In the following text: * c = left click * m = mine * n = any number * w = wall * x = don't know/don't care ==Line patterns== ===Pattern: Row of Ones=== {| |+ Given |- | ... ||2 || [[File:Minesweeper 1.svg|1 Square]] || [[File:Minesweeper 1.svg|1 Square]] || [[File:Minesweeper 1.svg|1 Square]] || [[File:Minesweeper 1.svg|1 Square]] || [[File:Minesweeper 1.svg|1 Square]] || [[File:Minesweeper 1.svg|1 Square]] || ... |} {| |+ Play |- | ... ||[[File:Minesweeper flag.svg|Depiction of a flag tile]] || [[File:Tabler-icons click.svg|76px|Click]] || [[File:Tabler-icons click.svg|76px|Click]] || [[File:Minesweeper flag.svg|Depiction of a flag tile]] || [[File:Tabler-icons click.svg|76px|Click]] || [[File:Tabler-icons click.svg|76px|Click]] || [[File:Minesweeper flag.svg|Depiction of a flag tile]] || ... |} === Pattern: 1-1 === given: w 1 1 w play: w x x m === Pattern: 1 - 2 === given: w 1 2 '''n''' play: w x x m === Pattern: Twin mines === given: 1 2 1 play: m c m ===Pattern: Central Twin Mines=== given: 1 2 2 1 play: c m m c ===Pattern=== given: w 2 2 x play: w m m c ===Pattern=== given: x 2 3 2 x play: c m m m c ===Pattern=== given: x 2 3 3 2 x play: c m m m m c ==Corner patterns :p== === Pattern: 3 in a Corner === <syntaxhighlight lang="json"> given: x x 1 x x 1 3 c x c c play: x x x x x x 3 c x c c </syntaxhighlight>{{Stub}} {{Status|0%}} jy1y5jeedr3up65ujrysby5vsyxsr71 0 215497 4634551 3589094 2026-05-07T08:37:30Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{PDF version}} {{center/top}} <br /> <big><big><big>A collaborative project of the telecentre.org community</big></big></big> <br /> '''Edited by Meddie Mayanja, Manuel Acevedo, Silvia Caicedo and Claire Buré''' (Wikified by Bangladesh Open Source Network with support from Partha Sarker) {{center/end}} <br /> [[File:A Guidebook for Managing Telecentre Networks FrontCover.PNG|thumb|350px|A Guidebook for Managing Telecentre Networks Front Cover]] [[File:A Guidebook for Managing Telecentre Networks BackCover.PNG|thumb|A Guidebook for Managing Telecentre Networks Back Cover]] {{Print version|A Guidebook for Managing Telecentre Networks: Engineering a New Phase of the Telecentre Movement/Print version|1,950 kb}} '''Telecentre (noun):''' A Telecentre is a public place where people can access computers, the Internet, and other digital technologies that enable them to gather information, create, learn, and communicate with others while they develop essential digital skills. While each Telecentre is different, their common focus is on the use of digital technologies to support community, economic, educational, and social development—reducing isolation, bridging the digital divide, promoting health issues, creating economic opportunities, and reaching out to youth for example. Telecentres exist in almost every country, although they sometimes go by a different name: public Internet access center (PIAP), village knowledge center, Infocenter, community technology center (CTC), community multimedia center (CMC), multipurpose community Telecentre (MCT), Common/Citizen Service Centre (CSC), school-based Telecentre, etc.<ref>Wikipedia definition of a “Telecentre” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecentre October 29, 2009, 18:16 GMT </ref> == Table of contents == :[[/Acronyms/]] :[[/Figures, Boxes and Tables/]] :[[/Foreword/]] # [[/Introduction|Introduction: A new publication about Telecentre networks]] # [[/Telecentre network governance|Telecentre network governance – setting the playing field for a network culture]] # [[/Participatory Telecentre Networks|Participatory Telecentre Networks – A Collective Enterprise]] # [[/Communication Strategies and Practices for a Telecentre Network/]] # [[/Financial Sustainability for Telecentre Networks/]] # [[/Content and services/]] # [[/International Telecentre Networks Collaboration/]] # [[/Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning for Telecentre networks/]] # [[/Bringing it all together: Integrated network Management/]] # [[/Looking to the future: Networks that empower/]] == References == <references/> {{Shelves|Telecommunication}} <noinclude> {{alphabetical|G}} {{status|100%}} </noinclude> ckoct0351io5e3gxw084lj98yzrz6rc 0 215554 4634549 4294907 2026-05-07T08:35:39Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634549 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Communication Strategies and Practices for a Telecentre Network== {{center|1=<big><big>'''''Paula Carrión (InfoDesarrollo, Ecuador)'''''</big></big> <ref>InfoDesarrollo is an Ecuadorian portal that represents a good example of how external communication can be implemented within a network. It receives more than 16,000 visits per months and promotes the use of ICT in Ecuador along with other members of the Infodesarrollo network. The website is [http://www.infodesarrollo.ec www.infodesarrollo.ec].</ref>}} Effective communication is critical to the success of telecentre networks. Without it, people who are not directly involved with network activities will never know about what’s going on, the impact activities that are having, or the value of the network itself. Communication also contributes to network growth, that is, to expand its constituency, nurture existing relationships, attract new partners and open up opportunities for new resources needed to support telecentres. For the most part, network communications aim to achieve three things: * '''Relationship building''' – generating participation instead of audiences by building bridges to people and organizations, and then nurturing and deepening such relationships on a regular basis. * '''Publicrelations and awareness'''– raising or managing a positive profile of the network, its members, and important issues such as affordable connectivity for telecentres. * '''Marketing and influence''' – promoting specific products, services and influencing behaviour change (attracting NGOs to use telecentres in their communities, for example). In this chapter, we discuss how to create and put in place a communication strategy that can be useful for a telecentre network. It is important to distinguish between ‘internal communications’ (among telecentres within the network) and ‘external communications’ (for stakeholders and other audiences outside the network). We will also touch on the role of TCNs in strengthening communications capacities of individual telecentre members. === Creating a network communications strategy === In its simplest expression, we may consider that a telecentre network’s communication strategy has two broad dimensions: internal and external.The internal communication strategy serves to facilitate <u>relationship building</u>, <u>nurturing trust</u>, <u>participation</u> and <u>conflict management</u> within the ‘nodes’ or network constituency. Good internal communication practices enable creation and sharing of relevant information and knowledge products as well as useful relationships. Internal network communications may also include supporting the communication needs of individual member telecentres as they reach out to respective communities. This internal aspect of communications constitutes the ‘nervous system’ of telecentre networks. The external communications dimension deals with people and organizations outside the telecentre network. These include government, civil society, professional groups (such as educators), the private sector, and the general public. Adequate external communications create awareness about telecentre issues (including problems and possible solutions) and the impact of telecentres for national development. This awareness creates confidence among target groups in their work and relations with telecentre networks, which in turn is a key element in building and nurturing partnerships. Successful network communications will benefit from a well thought-out strategy that has clear goals, objectives, target groups and expected outcomes that can be tracked over the time. The strategy may use specific network activities from which to draw messages to identified target groups, such as bandwidth sharing by a number of telecentres in the country to illustrate the challenges of connectivity and how networking might help. ====Elements of an effective network communications strategy ==== A good network communication strategy needs: * Defined '''goals and objectives''' – with specific reference to timeframe and desired outcomes * Identified target '''audiences''' – to tailor the tone and format of communication activities to the preferences of each audience. Networks may need to engage in some form of intelligence-building exercise to learn more about their target audiences in order to better understand them; that is, what information they may need and are most receptive to, and how they prefer to receive their information (such as text-based or face-to-face) * Appropriate '''tools''' and tactics – that help network reach their audiences more effectively, at a reasonable cost and with high returns. Tools may include news releases, pamphlets, brochures, electronic bulletins, newsletters, CDs, videos, radio advertising, and so on. Tactics are the venues used to disseminate the network’s messages and products such as activities and events. A simplified communication strategy template is shown in the following text box with related questions. <div style="background-color:#E0FFFF; color:#0000FF; border: solid 1px #00a5ff; padding: 1em;"> {{center|1='''Box 4.1 Communication Strategy Template'''}} '''CONTEXT:''' What is the political/social/cultural/economic environment that could influence your initiative? '''STRATEGIC CONSIDERATION:''' What trends, potential strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are inherent in your initiative? '''OBJECTIVES:''' What you are trying to achieve? '''TARGET AUDIENCES:''' Whom do you need to reach to achieve your objectives? '''MESSAGES:''' What messages must you deliver to your target audiences to achieve your objectives? '''TOOLS AND TACTICS:''' What approaches you will take to deliver your messages to your target audiences to achieve your objectives. Include a budget '''MONITORING/ EVALUATION:''' How is your strategy working? How did your strategy work? </div> Generally, for network communication activities to be successful, they must deliver their message in such a way that the intended audience (i) wants to hear it (ii) needs to hear it, and (iii) expects to receive the message. The first step towards building a network communications strategy involves a clear understanding of the purposes of the network (and thus imagining what success looks like), as well as the identification of the people and organizations the network would like to influence in order to be successful. This may have already occurred in the early stages of network creation, or perhaps it can take place through a necessary review via some kind of participatory network analysis process involving network members and partners. It is preferably done though a <u>face-to-fac</u>e process, complemented by online communication using discussion lists or free web conferencing tools like Dimdim.<ref>Dimdim is a free and simple web conferencing tool. It enables long-distance conferencing (using voice), and also enables people from all over the world to show what’s one their desktop, such as pictures, presentations, PDFs, general screen shots and videos. Dimdim also has a whiteboard feature that makes it easy to work online. This is a good alternative for online meetings and working face-to-face. The website is [http://www.dimdim.com www.dimdim.com].</ref> This preparatory work should define the goal, audience and appropriate tools and tactics needed to achieve communication-based outcomes. Including an evaluation component allows for fine-tuning as the strategy rolls out, also helping to improve future communications efforts. Participation in shaping the strategy by the member telecentres will help build support for – and commitment to – the strategy. It will also improve the members’ capacity to manage individual communications activities, which is an added benefit to the network in the long run. The following set of questions might be helpful to assess communications-related aspects of the telecentre networks. It is important to elicit responses and comments that are as concrete as possible: * Who are the telecentre network’s members and external stakeholders and where are they located? * What does the network need to communicate? * What means of communication are used among members and towards external actors? * Are these means constraining or fostering the exchange of information and contact among the parties in any way? * What are the perceived strengths and weaknesses of the network in terms of communications? * What and where are the main ‘information plugs’ in the telecentre networks? How can they be removed or avoided? It is important to use the information obtained from the above questions (in addition to any other pertinent ones) to determine the network’s communications objectives, specific communications activities and expected results. It is important to determine some <u>simple indicators</u> to track attainment of the objectives – the simpler they are the more likely telecentre network managers will use them. The following items refer to the key elements in the operational (or logic) framework, as seen in table a logic touch upon objectives, activities and results, as well as the way to track the strategy’s progress. I think this section deserves a new title here, or at least a sentence or two describing what is about to be explained: OK, I introduced a bit of a bridge (it does follow from the paragraph, but it´s not that clear). '''Objectives''' – Communication is a tool, not a goal in itself. Communications objectives have to be realistic and achievable – there is no point in trying to convert a telecentre network into the telecentre equivalent of the American national news network CNN. Some examples of key communication objectives are: * To improve communication flow with the network. * To keep the member telecentres informed about the telecentre network activities and progress. * To enhance interaction between local communities and their telecentres. '''Activities''' – These activities allow the network to accomplish its communication objectives. In designing the activities, it is useful to determine (i) '''what''' (to identify the activity itself: it can help to draw an informative chart, or start a blog, etc.); (ii) '''who''' (to identify the person or team that will execute the activity); (iii) '''when''' (to come up with a timetable for the implementation of the activity). It is also important to identify the appropriate tools required to conduct the activity, including face-to-face events (like meetings, workshops, visits), documentation (newsletters, publications, web content) and online communication (emails, discussion lists, blogs) '''Expected results''' – These are specific intended outcomes when activities are executed according to plan. Expected results should be achievable, measurable and traceable, for example, recognizing the frequency of a newsletter and not just its establishment. Measuring the progression of results instead of quantifying an indicator at the end of a given period makes monitoring feasible and useful. '''Monitoring''' – An effective communications strategy requires regular updating. For this, telecentre networks need to track expected results against objectives and can ask questions such as: * Were the intended people reached? What about other (unintended) actors? * Did target audiences understand the messages? * What steps can be taken to improve the outcomes? * How can the overall communication strategy be implemented more effectively? Table 4.1. A simplified example of how the operational elements from a communications strategy canbe described . {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- ! style="background:#800000; color:#FFFFFF;" | Objectives ! style="background:#800000; color:#FFFFFF;" | Activities ! style="background:#800000; color:#FFFFFF;" | Expected results ! style="background:#800000; color:#FFFFFF;" | Indicators |- | rowspan="3" | To improve communication flows within the network. | * Creation of an internal electronic bulletin with a weekly circulation. | * Most of the new information about activities, projects, services and events from network members is circulated on a timely basis; * The bulletin is a collective product generated mostly by network members with support from the network’s coordinating unit. | * The bulletin maintains a stable volume of content on a monthly basis, growing by 20% by the end of the first year; * More than 70% of the articles and content is produced by staff in the member telecentres; * There are replies from members to each bulletin, and the numbers of replies grows twofold by the end of the first year. <br /> |- | * Creation of a discussion list to encourage information and knowledge exchange within the network. | * Most of the key thematic aspects in the network’s strategic plan is debated in the form of individual discussion threads; * The network’s discussion list becomes one of the most referenced and recognized fora in the country for ICT4D issues, in particular to inform some aspects national ICT policy. | * In six months there have been at least 12 discussions threads about TCN topics; * More than 60% of the network members have participated in the discussion list; * At least 100 people from outside the network have subscribed to, or participate in, the discussion list (gradually incrementing from zero at the start). <br /> |- | * Creation of a wiki or googledoc for the telecentre network’s internal use | * Training is provided to most network members about collaborative publishing; * Some of the most representative and substantive documents generated by the network are produced in a participatory fashion using these tools; * An e-bulletin is fully created on these tools after a testing period. <br /> | * Four substantive documents published by the network are created via the wiki or googledoc – including the yearly M&E report; * By year’s end, the e-bulletin is fully produced and published with these tools. |} Even the best communications strategy will lack value if the members of the network do not share its key elements, or if they lack awareness of those elements. Holding special team meetings among a small group of people who are responsible for the execution of the strategy will help to see that it is successfully carried out. It is also recommendable that the strategy is presented and discussed as part of the agenda of a telecentre network’s specific events that involve larger groups, particularly during its preparation, and soon after implementation. The good news is that making the strategy well known will require some of the same communications tactics! It is important to share the idea that the entire telecentre network is responsible for its communications agenda, and not just that of a few network members, or the staff of a coordinating unit. While leadership of a few individuals will have a significant effect on the attainment of communication objectives, having most people in the network connected and feeding information into it is a more likely guarantee that the network will stay well informed. In this regard, individual telecentres should view themselves as both '''antennae''' and '''broadcasters'''. A communications strategy that yields results (which is what any network member is interested in, and not simply ‘chatter’) goes through stages in a cycle, like the one in figure 4.1. Some of the stages in the cycle are also present during a single communication action (such as producing a news bulletin, or organizing a symposium). It is important to recognize the stages, as they will require different tasks and treatment. For example, <u>sharing information</u> can be a unilateral action, occurring quickly and using a computer. On the other hand, <u>negotiation</u> can turn out to be a painfully slow process, requiring the participation of various actors, and using a table, tea and biscuits as the main tools. <!-- -------- FIGURE 4.1 ------------ --> [[File:Figure 4.1 Internal Communication Cycle.png|thumb|center|500px|Figure 4.1 Internal Communication Cycle]] <!-- -------- FIGURE ------------ --> ==== External Communications==== While external communication is usually included within the overall communications strategy of a network, it is often done implicitly. External communications may seem more detached from the day-to-day life of a telecentre network, and allows less control over its implementation (where most of the actors are by definition based outside the network). They are directed to very different types of recipients: sponsors, partners, local officials, state representatives, community members and academics, and possibly other telecentre networks too. The tasks related to providing information to these actors and prompting their involvement are carried out differently than for internal communications. The means used can vary from actor to actor, as well as the language used. After all, the audience for external communications is generally heterogeneous, while for internal communications it is often more homogenous. That is why the main challenge in external communications is to identify the best means to communicate to each actor. The way to communicate a message to a sponsor, in most cases, will not work with a community leader or with telecentre users. For example, a local leader may prefer oral communication to written communication – let’s remember than even today, at the start of the 21st century, some cultures are based on orality. A development agency or a newspaper will prefer written information because they can process it and save it. At the same time, establishing a relationship with a media outlet is also valuable, and that requires oral communications (phone calls, in-person visits, and so on). Thus, in our information society context, the communications strategy should be able to include a flexible repertoire of instruments: analogue and digital, written and spoken, visual and text. There is a wide range of communication tools available, many of which are free, to spread one’s message. For example, a distribution list such as a Dgroup<ref>Dgroups is another online platform that helps people meet, share information and collaborate in the international development community. It serves as a kind of GoogleGroups or YahooGroups, but specialized for development issues. Dgroups provides features such as mailing lists, a document library and calendar. The website can be found at [http://dgroups.org dgroups.org].</ref> can be easily created which facilitates ongoing dialogue among stakeholders; including beneficiaries, sponsors, partners and the community. Not only do distribution lists bring multiple voices to the network, but they also help telecentre network members to provide feedback to the network. On the other hand, a periodic (weekly or monthly) e-bulletin is an efficient means to inform external parties about TCN activities, needs and outcomes. For real-time information dissemination, an RSS (real simple syndication) or Atom newsfeed may be a good idea. In addition, other web 2.0 tools such as blogs, Twitter, social network tools (such as MySpace, Orkut, Facebook, and ning) allow for a multimedia mix of information to be offered, including pictures and video clips. This provides enormous opportunities. For example, wouldn’t a partner/funder like to see short clips on how its supported telecentre network is working with local teachers to enrich their classrooms with fresh, new content? How valuable is it for a local television station to access content about teenagers from conflictive parts of town who are stimulated to ‘create’ (e.g. videos with their stories, websites, etc.) rather than ‘destroy’? Choosing a language for communication is very important. When communicating with a sponsor, it is generally a good idea to use more formal language and articulate the results and processes advanced through the telecentre network. When communicating with local partners, on the other hand, it can be useful to adapt a style more closely based on how they communicate. Candidly sharing lessons learned with sponsors is a way to generate trust with that sponsor, such as why an activity failed, and how learning from that failure will help the network grow. It will also help to sustain a longer-term relationship, as sponsors (particularly development agencies) are aware that all projects find difficulties. Sometimes the outstanding feature about a project is how it went about overcoming its difficulties. Finally, one can take advantage of electronic and print media as key infomediaries to the outside community.<ref>An infomediary is an entity that functions as an intermediary of information (instead of goods or services).</ref> These institutions can help to deliver important messages, engaging new audiences and potential partners. Media organizations are constantly in search of interesting stories that affect human development. Telecentre networks are working with telecentres whose business is to improve people’s lives. TCNs can attract and maintain good contacts in the media using press releases, regular short stories, video clips, etc. about how telecentres are making a difference and providing useful solutions to public interest issues. Local media outlets want to access ‘human stories’, and pre-packaged news bits, with data, quotes, pictures, etc. It is also wise to have network spokespeople available and to provide these spokespeople with key messages to which they can refer should they be contacted by media. ====What about communications for member telecentres? ==== The communications strategies and practices of a telecentre network should also include ways of supporting member telecentres with their own communications needs. Ultimately, as in other aspects of the telecentre network, it is the work of the individual telecentres that determines its success or failure. Telecentre staff seldom has the expertise or time to put together a well thought-out communications plan. This is one of the aspects where being part of a telecentre network may really pay off. Telecentre workers understand the needs of the local population and their cultural norms, and TCN staff can help workers to build capacity through the following: * Devising and putting into action a community outreach plan, in effect ‘taking the telecentre outside its walls and into the streets’. This can include visits to schools, civic organizations, business centers, marketplaces, etc. * Producing content (such as video clips) that can help telecentre staff to better connect with the community. * Using ICT tools to help them communicate with their communities and stakeholders. * Generating and extending the TCN ‘brand’ to the individual telecentres, for greater visibility and publicity (and by providing templates, key messages, logos and other materials to help facilitate this). Telecentre network staff can also help directly organize and implement various communication-related activities, such as: * Moderating discussion lists where telecentre staff share and debate about communications with their users. * Generating content that can easily be adapted to local telecentre needs to contact and engage local citizens, such as poster templates, interview scripts, surveys, etc. * Creating network-wide activities that promote local participation, such as contests, scholarships, or art displays. === Case study – the E3 Project in Sri Lanka <ref>This case study has been provided by Niranjan Meegammana, Shilpa Sayura Foundation Sri Lanka </ref>=== The E3 project started in June 2008 to enhance the sustainability of 60 telecentres in Sri Lanka’s Uva province. It was prompted by a monitoring and evaluation process carried out by the national Information and Communications Technology Agency (ICTA), which found that the lack of communication was one of the key issues challenging the sustainability of the Uva Telecentre Network. Part of the project [http://www.shilpasayura.org www.shilpasayura.org] involved the creation of a network communications platform developed by a national organization, the E–fusion Regional Impact Team (RIT), with tools used for training and content sharing, connecting key stakeholders as shown in the image found below (Figure 4.2). It also facilitated monitoring tasks for the network. The platform is depicted in the graph below. <!-- ---------- Figure 4.2 ------------- --> [[File:Figure 4.2 E3 Telecentre Network Communications Platform.png|thumb|400px|center|Figure 4.2 E3 Telecentre Network Communications Platform]] <!-- ---------- Figure 4.2 ------------- --> A significant challenge was to establish a communications platform where only slightly over half (52%) of the 60 telecentres had internet access. There were also different levels of language and ICT skills within the network. '''''Methods''''' The E–fusion Regional Impact Team assessed telecentre needs by conducting small workshops, telecentre visits, and questionnaires to help design the communications strategy. The network communication platform provided messaging services among RIT, telecentres, ICTA and service providers. '''''Network communication strategies''''' Transparency and open group communications helped to develop trust among members. The creation of a ‘network think-tank’ increased stakeholder involvement. Connecting members of the telecentre community with government and business helped to increase network reach. Telecentre operators were empowered to represent their centres which increasing local ownership. Periodic monitoring reports helped resolve network issues. All communications were carried out with authenticated identity. Forming a Telecentre Community Association created a front end to represent the network. '''''Content, tools and channels''''' Using online tools and e-content in ‘local language’ increased participation and reach. The communication media used were email, blogs, fora, discussion lists, ning social networks, telephone, Skype web-conferencing, chat and SMS messaging to communicate effectively within the network to share and transfer telecentre knowledge. Regular workshops helped to improve inter-telecentre communications, knowledge networking and resources sharing. '''''Feedback''''' Forums, surveys, activity photos, videos, blogging and comments captured feedback to improve the process. '''''Outcomes''''' Before the E3 project, each of the Uva telecentres were isolated, individual competing entities. The nine-month duration of the first phase of the project improved network communications to make telecentres truly emerge as a telecentre network. The E3 network communication strategy assisted in the effective delivery of telecentre support services, content, capacity building, advocacy, research and reporting. Advocacy actions motivated the emergence of a Telecentre Sustainability Network (TSN), receiving national and global ICT4D research attention for telecentre sustainability development. '''''Lessons learned''''' The diversity within Uva telecentres was a challenge for network communications to bring loosely bound individual telecentres into a network. Creating some <u>early benefits</u> helped, such as deploying an e-learning platform to set off joint activities among telecentres. There were, however, some problems along the way. Some telecentres, even if individually successful, did not contribute enough to the network with their skills and resources. Lack of a gender perspective (as revealed through women’s reluctance to engage in network-wide activities) also affected network communications. Negotiation and awareness improved the situation, but some individuals’ positions did not move much over time. Effective network communications require openness, use of local languages and effective tools. In a loosely bound network misunderstandings can always occur; hence network messages require careful consideration of content and channels of delivery. For example, if a message with information of general interest is not received by all telecentre, it can negatively affect the entire telecentre network. Therefore, making <u>feedback mechanisms available and having</u> processes for <u>corrective action</u> are a must. <u>Postal mail</u>, even if not considered ‘modern’, can be an effective network messaging element to involve non-ICT literate stakeholders (and amazingly enough, some telecentre owners may fit in this category). <u>Open communications</u> help to motivate <u>small players to play big roles</u> in the network and <u>informal communications</u>are useful in <u>assessing the effectiveness </u>of network programs. === Quick Tips about Communications Strategies and Practice in Telecentre Networks === ====Internal Communications ==== * A healthy communication flow among the members is the energy that keeps a network active and feeds the solidarity and confidence required for the TCN to be successful. * Nothing replaces face-to-face communication; plan for annual meetings. * Make sure that the network objectives are well known, and at least generally accepted by the members. * Use web 2.0 tools, which simplify making contributions and producing content. * Foster confidence and trust between your users. You won’t openly share things if you do not trust the person you are working with. * In order to create incentive for communication among network members, it is important to name one or two facilitators that can help you encourage participation. * Promote discussion fora that will help to keep the network active. * One of the best incentives is to help individual telecentres better communicate themselves: make this a central part of your communications strategy. * In case you do not have the level of participation you were expecting, get help! Some individuals in the network may be able to assist you in motivating other members. And even better, revise stimuli to communicate for the members. ====External Communications ==== * Focus on your target audience and the main ideas you want to communicate. * Try to personalize messages according to your audience and the goal you want to achieve. * The message has to be concrete and clear; remember that ‘less is often more’ in public communications * Your message structure always should have an introduction, message body and conclusion. * Make sure that your audience has a way to contact the telecentre, and provide a formal, institutional email address (i.e. [mailto:star-telecentre@telecentre.org star-telecentre@telecentre.org]), a postal address, and a phone number. Most importantly, respond to those contacts timely (within 48 hours if possible). * Create a blog for your telecentre network. It will make it easier to keep your partners and possible donors informed about the activities of the telecentres and their communities. * In a visible place in the telecentre, prepare a poster with all the information regarding the telecentre, its rules, schedule, etc. * Keep the community informed about telecentre activities and how it is accomplishing its goals. Also let the community know if you need some help. * Quality over quantity: how you communicate is more important than how much you communicate. * Think and communicate positively but credibly: in the case of failures (which are normal experiences and occur regularly) try to emphasize the lessons learned. * Get the most out of the Web 2.0. Use social networks, blogs, tags, YouTube, web picture albums, etc. to let the world know about your TCN and its telecentres. === References and Resources=== {{BookCat}} ==References== {{Reflist}} so53clziur8qnq13j0xj3b3ux11b2c9 0 215557 4634545 4059296 2026-05-07T08:30:56Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634545 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Bringing it all together: Integrated network Management== {{center|1='''<big><big>Manuel Acevedo Ruiz</big></big>'''}} This final chapter attempts to do two things: it will integrate the topics we have explored separately to provide a coherent picture, and it will put forth additional guidance to expand the potential and impact of our telecentre networks. === How does it all come together? === In the previous chapters we explored the main issues that need to be paid attention to in order to make a telecentre network successful. While it may seem like a simplistic conclusion, the single most important message that emerges is that, '''in the end, networks are about sharing''', including knowledge, resources, vision, efforts, risks, failures… Sharing is mostly determined by attitude: it is a disposition more than an obligation. Thus, sharing (and by extension good telecentre network management) can best be <u>promoted</u>, hardly enforced. This does not mean that we should simply resign to hoping that the people and organizations that make up a telecentre network will have a spontaneously positive, generous and productive attitude towards sharing. We wish it could be that easy… but that is not what one naturally starts with, even if a good general predisposition exists between those that come together in a network. This guidebook has been prepared because '''good intentions are not enough:''' the purpose is to provide useful knowledge about creating a fertile environment for sharing in our networks. === Threading a networked path === The challenge for telecentre network managers, and other people directly involved in network-wide operations, is how to '''deal with all the issues presented in the preceding chapters in parallel''': exercising a suitable governance style, taking measures to ensure financial sustainability, supporting telecentres to offer the right content and services, and so on, to occur simultaneously. In fact, network management is not a linear path from A to B,<ref>Or A to M for that matter; we are not implying that the path is between two nearby points.</ref> since network structures are not linear. As we argue later on in this chapter, '''the most productive networks are three-dimensional'''. So making our way through the network involves going back and forth, and sideways, and up and down, and all combinations thereof. In other words, there is a destination (B) or more than one destination (B1, B2, etc.). The telecentre network manager<ref>And hopefully everyone else in the network too.</ref> knows where he/she wants the network to go. Perhaps it is towards increasing the number of telecentres involved while diversifying sources of funding. Or it might be to stabilize a newly formed network, or finding out how to satisfy the demand for content and services to all member telecentres. Regardless of the ‘destination’, instead of moving one step at a time in a straight line, the movement appears more like a '''bouncing around within the network'''. If we were to draw a path, it might resemble squiggles drawn by a chile: many short lines with multiples directions and without apparent shape. Sound confusing? Well, just think that '''you are probably functioning in that way right now'''. As a network manager, you deal with many nodes (mainly telecentres) and with a variety of issues that affect both their individual operations and the interactions among them. One day you may go to some of the nodes (telecentres, or other organizations) to provide them with services, or to different nodes to get content, and still others to implement a new project. Tomorrow you may get the same nodes involved in different network actions, new nodes to perform those same actions or a mixed pack altogether. The point is that you are moving in a networked environment, threading your way around, while attempting to '''move the entire network in a specific direction''', that is, towards the network’s objectives. === An integrated view of telecentre network management === The point is that even though a telecentre network manager may bounce around a lot while doing his/her work, there is a certain and definite direction in which s/he wants to move the network, that is, '''toward its stated objectives'''. We can assume that network members will reach a consensus on those objectives, so that all are reasonably in agreement in terms of what they would like the network to achieve. While the aims may be clear, the path may be much less so. The fundamental responsibility of the network manager (and management team) is to set out the path and steer the network through it, through good analysis, proper decisions, and a collaborative leadership style coherent with a network environment. This bears some similarities to steering a large sailing ship. There are a variety of sails, each with a different purpose and effect. In addition, the load of the ship, attitude of its crew, quality of materials being carried, and atmospheric conditions, etc. will contribute to determining how the navigation goes and whether the ship gets to its destination according to plan. This guidebook has explored a set of issues that will determine to a significant extent how the network advances, and whether it will arrive at the port as expected (its objective). The network manager, together with those responsible for its ‘piloting’, will activate and modulate tasks related to network governance, communications, financial sustainability, ICT policy, etc. in the most properly balanced way for smooth navigation. It has already been mentioned that each of these issues is important and that they need handling in parallel, but for the sake of clarity, we have examined them separately and in relative isolation. We will therefore now try to describe some of their relations and inter-dependencies. Let us now consider each issue in terms of how it is affected or impacted by others: * '''Network governance''': This is clearly one of the key determinants of how the network operates, with strong links to how its members interact (participation and communication), while setting the playing field for business models (sustainability) and taking in significant inputs from the monitoring, evaluation and learning functions. * '''Financial sustainability:''' If this is not achieved (at least partially), the network may be short lived, but that doesn’t mean that it is strongly related to all internal network functions. The types and amount of content and services will strongly influence financial sustainability, as well as network governance (the ‘rules of the game’). In a healthy network environment, it will need a significant participatory attitude from its members (internally), while it can both contribute and benefit from international collaboration (externally). * '''Participation:''' Participation is one of the key defining characteristics of a network (without it, is hard to speak of a real network). It is the main channel for content and services and the basis for a well-functioning monitoring, evaluation and learning framework. It is also essential that the network adequately represents its members on ICT policy issues or for collaboration with other networks. It is hard to think of one area upon which it doesn’t have a strong influence. It is therefore one of the most important processes to stimulate in order for good results. * '''Communications:''' If participation is an embedded characteristic in all areas of the network, we could say that communication is the fuel (or the seed) that makes participation possible. And, like participation, it´s a sine-qua-non condition for a network – a set of non-communicating nodes does not make up a network. Communications, in turn, will be mainly enabled by adequate network governance, aside from the attitude of the participants and their cultural styles of course. * '''Content and services:''' These can be seen, using developmental jargon, as the ‘immediate objectives’ of a telecentre network – or as Hasan writes in Chapter 6, they are the ‘heart’ of a telecentre network. Network governance generates content and services, possibly including various types. Even more importantly, content and services require participation from the members of the network. In turn, they will strongly determine financial sustainability of the TCN. * '''Monitoring, evaluation and learning (M&E and Learning):''' This function aims at at improving other aspects of telecentre network management, allowing for modifications based on evidence. In other words, M&E and learning constitute the principal ‘navigational’ aid for the network to reach its objectives. It is a collective task and thus depends strongly on participation and communication. It is largely defined as part of network governance methods. While it will help to improve any aspect of TCN management, perhaps its most direct effect will be content and services (helping to understand what people think of them); and network governance (by introducing adjustments to the ‘navigation’ itself). * '''International TCN collaboration:''' This is a natural extension of networking done internally in the country. The results of that collaboration will be applicable to various areas but without a strong impact on any of them (as an external action, that impact cannot be guaranteed). Content and services or the work on ICT policy are areas that could possibly benefit the most. As for the internal drivers to get a TCN proactively involved in international collaboration, they are mainly participation (at least by some of its members) and network governance (setting the conditions to facilitate such collaboration). Let us pause for a minute to reflect upon these interactions. For example, <u>network governance</u> and <u>participation</u> emerge as the single most determinant aspects of network management, since they have a strong direct influence on practically all other functions. <u>Communication</u> is slightly less critical although still important since it fuels participation and sets the level of dynamism (or ‘temperature’) of the network. <u>Content and services</u>, as the key ‘products’ of telecentre networks, require actions on essentially all fronts. Its most significant measurable effect will be financial sustainability – the intangible effects will be a more satisfied membership that can easily point to the benefits of being a part of the TCN. <u>Financial sustainability and monitoring, evaluation & learning</u> have crosscutting effects, where the first powers actions while the latter facilitates change. On the other hand, the outward management aspect of is also cross-cutting with both short and longer-term effects (though more geared towards the middle-term effects). These considerations can and will change as a consequence of many factors, such as the maturity of a telecentre network, its political context, degree of heterogeneity or simply its size. Let’s imagine a big, state-instituted TCN that is largely financed by the government in a country with essentially non-democratic institutions. Perhaps its role in ICT policy could the most salient aspect, but participation may be less of a driver for the network’s success (in the sense of a participatory approach derived from stimulated individual imitative and not rigidly set). In any event, and whatever the shape or form of the telecentre network, <u>thinking about and driving the interactions</u> of these areas of work is useful for managing a network properly. A TCN manager can base key decisions on expected consequences from the direct/indirect effects of such interactions. It will be as if s/he and her officers are facing a control panel of a modern ship, and can operate the various handles, levers and switches to set the most appropriate course for navigation. Let us explore these interactions a bit further in their network context. === Virtuous network effects === So far we have said that telecentre network managers have to skillfully navigate through their networks in order to stimulate or entice a whole set of actors (mainly telecentres) to '''share enough''' so that the network functions well and keeps members happy – and therefore, stay <u>inside the network</u>. In order to do so, networks need to juggle a set of priorities, as discussed in the previous seven chapters. Fortunately, these priorities are not isolated, and handling one well often has a positive effect on others. This section explores these interdependencies and their related effects. Some of the overlap that you will have probably noted while reading through the previous chapters is inevitable. The reason is that the issues are '''inter-related''', sometimes strongly so. Let’s take a simple example of a sequence to illustrate, recognizing that there are many possible combinations. Financial sustainability depends on the content and services provided by the network. Those contents and services will be strongly dependent on the level of participation in the network. The participatory scheme will be determined to a large extent by how network governance is carried out. And the capacity and ability of network management will inevitably depend on the financial resources available to the network. Let us now look at a wider set of interactions, expanding on the key interactions between facets of management described in the previous section. For illustrative purposes, an indication of these interactions is reflected in the matrix below. We focus on a standard telecentre network, without any dominating or special features. Each cell is at the intersection of two issues, indicating how dependent the first one (located in the rows) is on the second one (located in the columns). For example, the cell Financial Sustainability intersecting with Network Governance indicates to what extent financial sustainability depends on network governance. Three values for the interactions are shown: <u>highly</u> dependent (<span style="color: #FF0000">red</span>), <u>somewhat</u> dependent (<span style="color: #DA70D6">lavender</span>) and <u>not very</u> dependent (<span style="color: #4169E1">blue</span>). A detailed consideration of each interaction between each intersecting issue is beyond the scope of this chapter. It is instead meant to provide a simple visual approximation to the relationship between the various issues. Nevertheless, some reflections emerging from the exercise are worth mentioning: * There is a relatively high level of inter-dependency among the various issues (few of the cells are blue); * The relationships are not necessarily symmetrical. For example, the content and services provided in a network are highly dependent on network governance. However, network governance depends little on existing content and services; * The matrix serves to quickly identify how a satisfactory performance in one category can have a range of possible positive indirect effects (besides the effects deduced from direct interaction), that is, the '''virtuous network effects''' alluded to in the title of this section. For example: ** Communication depends strongly on participation; ** Participation strongly depends on the style of network governance; and, ** Network governance is strongly linked to monitoring, evaluation and learning. {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- ! ! style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''Financial Sustainability''' ! style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''Network Governance''' ! style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''Participation''' ! style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''Communication''' ! style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''Content and services''' ! style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning''' ! style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''International TCN Collaboration''' |- | style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''Financial Sustainability''' |bgcolor="LightGrey"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="RoyalBlue"| |- | style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''Network Governance''' |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="LightGrey"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="RoyalBlue"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="Plum"| <ref>Particularly when a TCN is relatively new, as it will be able to use guidance of other networks that are more well-established.</ref> |- | style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''Participation''' |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="LightGrey"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="RoyalBlue"| |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="RoyalBlue"| |- | style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''Communication''' |bgcolor="RoyalBlue"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="LightGrey"| |bgcolor="RoyalBlue"| |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="RoyalBlue"| |- | style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''Content and services''' |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="LightGrey"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="Plum"| |- | style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning''' |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="RoyalBlue"| |bgcolor="LightGrey"| |bgcolor="RoyalBlue"| |- | style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" | '''International TCN Collaboration''' |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="red"| |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="Plum"| |bgcolor="LightGrey"| |- |} So for example – and without taking the relationships too strictly or seriously…<ref>There are many jokes that exploit linking a chain of relations in a linear way. For example, about someone who likes the sea; a person who likes the sea will like walking on the seashore; someone who likes walking on the seashore likes to walk barefoot; someone who likes to walk barefoot probably has hippie-like friends; some one who has hippie-like friends will likely have listened to 60s US rock bands like the Grateful Dead, Jefferson Starship or the Jimi Hendrix Experience. But it would be quite a long shot to say that because you like the sea, you must be a Greatful Dead or Jimi Hendrix fan. :-D</ref> – we could say that doing a good job in monitoring, evaluation and learning will have an indirect but real effect on communication and participation because of its improvements on network governance. For instance, this would be in addition to the direct effects on communication and participation strategies that can be directly drawn from applying recommendations from M&E and learning actions. The cumulative effect of direct and indirect effects can become rather substantial because of the high number of inter-dependencies. This elevates the rewards for performing well on each of the categories identified for network management. And it points to the level of virtuous network effects that could be linked. The matrix exercise provides only a rough approximation, perhaps a good starting point, for a finer level of analysis. Its results will certainly differ from network to network. But it is a valuable management exercise, one that we recommend to you – if possible, together with several of your colleagues in the network. Appendix 10.1 contains a blank matrix for you to print out and analyze on your own – and compare it with the one we have discussed or with the ones prepared by your colleagues. <div style="background-color: #E0FFFF; border: solid 1px #00a5ff; padding: 1em;"> {{center|1='''''Box 9.1: What are the Seven Strategies for Building Successful Telecentres?'''''}} Here, the reader can find a different approach to consider network effects, this time applied to individual telecentres. It was posted to the telecentre.org intranet by Azul, who is the Head of Telecentre Excellence at Warisan Global Sdn Bhd, in Malaysia. The image below indicates the seven strategies Azul considers most important for successful telecentres. She reflects: “What I consider important may not be important to you and vice versa. The way we ‘chunk’ things may also be different. We have many ways of "cooking" a telecentre dish.” [[File:Box 9.1 What are the Seven Strategies for Building Successful Telecentres.png|thumb|350px|center|Box 9.1: What are the Seven Strategies for Building Successful Telecentres?]] And then she follows with a key message: “The Seven Strategies are connected with each other. <u>Interdependent</u>”. This interdependency relates directly to our argument in this chapter that the various aspects for managing telecentre networks are inter-related and that there are virtuous network effects that can be derived from a truly integrated approach to TCN management. [http://telecentrecommunity.ning.com/profiles/blogs/7-strategies-for-building telecentrecommunity.ning.com/profiles/blogs/7-strategies-for-building] </div> === References and Resources === Denning, S. (2002). Technical Cooperation and Knowledge Networks. In S. Fukuda-Parr, S., C. Lopes, & K. Malik (Eds.), Capacity for development: new solutions to old problems (pp.&nbsp;229–244). New York: Earthscan Publications. {{ISBN|1-85383-919-1}}. Nath, V. (2000). Knowledge Networking for Sustainable Development. Knownet Initiative, www.knownet.org. Retrieved November 14, 2001, from [http://www.cddc.vt.edu/knownet/articles/exchanges-ict.html www.cddc.vt.edu/knownet/articles/exchanges-ict.html] Roman, R. & Colle, R. D. (2002). The Telecentre Environment in 2002. In R. Roman & R. D. Colle (Eds.), The Journal of Development Communication, Special Number on Telecentres and ICT for Development, Volume 12, No. 2. ISSN 0128-3863. == Note == <references/> {{BookCat}} cs5ni9e5oo49budzz9rme0jntsvzaj3 0 215558 4634546 3583663 2026-05-07T08:32:14Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634546 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning for Telecentre networks== {{center|1=<big>'''<big>Kemly Camacho</big>'''</big>}} This chapter presents some of the basic elements for conducting an evaluation process of telecentre networks. Evaluation is not a fixed recipe, but should be tailored to each case; that is, the same design cannot be applied to all telecentre networks. But there are certain guidelines that can be observed for specific types of evaluations, such as those for development projects, political campaigns or, in our case, telecentre networks. For this reason, in this chapter we focus on one particular case, with an explanation of the main steps to be followed. It is essential for a given evaluation to set out its specific purpose, questions, categories, variables and indicators, as well as tailor its methodology. This implies tailoring the data gathering techniques, analysis and dissemination of the results to the purpose and object of the evaluation exercise. An evaluation is basically a type of research that aims to provide inputs for decision-making, and must therefore meet the same rigorous requirements as an investigative process. === Describing the Evaluation Process === Figure 8.1 outlines the evaluation process. The circles indicate the main threads, the arrows represent the flow between them, and the boxes show the main products of each process. <!-- ------------- figure ---------------- --> [[File:Figure 8.1 A Description of the Evaluation Process.jpg|thumb|400px|center|Figure 8.1 A Description of the Evaluation Process]] <!-- ------------- figure ---------------- --> Figure 8.1 represents an example of an approach to the evaluation process for a telecentre network. Some of the steps and questions can be applicable to the reader’s own telecentre networks. The intention is to provide a useful reference as a guide for the elaboration of other evaluative processes that are adaptable to the needs of the specific network. It is important to note the indicators presented within the evaluative framework. Due to the influence that the logical framework has had in the evaluation processes and the design of development programs, it has been assumed that indicators are “objectively verifiable values”. Clearly, what we propose does not follow this traditional belief and bets on what is called “indicative indicators”. These can be described as a series of statements that the person who designs the evaluation creates from his/her knowledge on the subject, to determine how a variable in the evaluated program or project is being addressed. These indicative indicators do not seek a rating or a measurement, but rather an assessment. It is also recommended that they are created in collaboration with the people involved in the project, in this case, with the telecentre network. ==== Demarcation I: Defining the entity to be evaluated ==== First, it is necessary to determine the boundaries for an evaluation by defining the entity to be evaluated, and its major guiding questions. In this case, we could define the ‘object’ as follows: '''a development-oriented national telecentre network.''' This implies two things: that the objective is to evaluate a telecentre network, and thus the process does not focus on assessing the functioning of a single telecentre but rather the operation of telecentres as a network, including their support organizations. Moreover, this is an evaluation <u>process</u>; that is, it is assumed that the network is functioning, or that it exists and is active at the time that the evaluation is being developed. ==== Demarcation II: Formulating evaluation questions ==== The questions asked help to set the boundaries of an evaluation. It is not possible to assess all areas of a given evaluation object. These questions help us to understand which aspects will be prioritized in the evaluation. An evaluation question is not just any question: it is analytical, investigative and cannot be only a descriptive one. An example of a main evaluation or research question could be formulated as:<ref>There would be other basic evaluation questions, such as those related to the support or benefits for the individual telecentres, etc. </ref> '''To what extent does the <u>networking</u> of telecentres improve the opportunities for the <u>digital inclusion</u> of people who have fewer opportunities to access information and communication technologies?''' It is explicit in the question’s formulation that what we want to evaluate is the influence that networking is having on social transformations through digital inclusion processes. When conducting an evaluation, various areas of analysis may be chosen depending on the case, and they may be linked from the evaluative question(s). Make sure that the questions are evaluative and not descriptive; that is, that they are analytic. To put it more simply, the questions cannot be answered with a quick answer such as ''“yes”'' or ''“no”''. ==== Design I: The evaluative framework ==== In order to carry out any monitoring or evaluation process, we must operationalize the key evaluation question(s). For this we create what is called the ‘<u>evaluative framework</u>’. This will serve as a guide to operationalize the question and to determine how to evaluate the social phenomenon. The evaluative framework depends on what will be assessed (object), the time frame covered for activities (starting, on process, recently completed, completed some time ago), the type of evaluation (that is, if it is done by someone of the same network or someone outside the network), if it is participatory or not, among others. Following a rigorous evaluation process, once the object and main evaluation question is defined, the latter is broken down into secondary questions, categories of analysis, variables and indicators (if applicable). Once the evaluation framework is designed, the methodology needs to be defined, including the evaluation approach and the related tools and techniques with which this will be investigated. One such evaluative scheme is detailed below, with the steps are illustrated in the table below: <div style="background-color: #E0FFFF; border: solid 1px #00a5ff;"> {{center|1='''Box 8.1 Example of an evaluative framework for a network of telecentres involved in development processes'''}} {{center|1='''Major analysis category: Networking'''}} {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- ! style="background:LightGrey; color:#800000" colspan= 3; | '''Secondary question #1: To what extent has networking improved the performance of individual telecentres?''' |- | '''Variables for the analysis of the question''' | '''Indicative indicators''' | '''Possible sources''' |- | 1.Mutual support | a.When one telecentre faces a problem, other members of the network provide support; b.When a telecentre faces a problem it is sometimes supported by a few members of the network (but not always); c.When a telecentre faces a problem it is not supported by any of the other members of the network. | Surveys Interviews Telecentre stories |- | 2.Knowledge sharing (KS) |a.The network is constantly sharing knowledge to help strengthen the network and its members; b.The network runs a knowledge sharing process from time to time but doesn’t have permanent KS mechanisms; c.The network has not set up knowledge sharing processes among its members. |Surveys Interviews Telecentre stories Review of existing knowledge sharing opportunities |- | 3.Joint projects | a.The network develops joint projects involving some of its members, e.g. for capacity building processes, annual assemblies; service provision, etc. b.The network develops joint activities but doesn’t have medium or long-term projects; c.The network members do not develop joint projects. | Surveys Interviews Telecentre stories Review of existing joint projects |- | 4.Self sustainability for telecentres that are members of the network | a.The network favours telecentre sustainability strategies for its members; b.The network provides some elements for the sustainability of member telecentres but is not essential; c.The network does not provide elements for the sustainability of its members. | Surveys Interviews Telecentre stories Review of sustainability strategies |- ! style="background:LightGrey; color:#800000" colspan= 3; | '''Secondary question #2: To what extent has networking enabled the integration of other types of support for the telecentres?''' |- | '''Variables for the analysis of the question''' | '''Indicative indicators''' | '''Possible sources''' |- | 1.Strengthening the support of other actors and stakeholders that are already involved | a.Networking enables telecentres to integrate with public, private, and civil society organizations that can help to consolidate the network; b.Networking identifies key actors from different sectors that have not yet integrated into the collaborative work; c.Networking does not yet have an impact on the integration of telecentres and other actors. | Interviews with actors from multiple sectors Surveys of telecentres Interviews with telecentres Telecentre stories |- | 2.Integration of new actors and stakeholders | a.Thanks to the network, diverse social actors have been identified and are involved in supporting telecentres; b.Through the network, people have begun to establish contacts with potential supporters, but they are not yet involved; c.The network has not managed to connect new actors to support telecentres. | Interviews with actors from multiple sectors Surveys of telecentres Interviews with telecentres Telecentre stories |- ! style="background:LightGrey; color:#800000" colspan= 3; | '''Secondary question # 3: To what extent has networking led to the positioning of telecentres at the national level?''' |- | '''Variables for the analysis of the question''' | '''Indicative indicators''' | '''Possible sources''' |- | 1.Visibility of the telecentre network nationwide | a.Networking has allowed for the telecentres to become key actors at national level; b.Networking has contributed to the visibility of telecentres; c.Networking has not yet contributed to the positioning of the telecentres nationwide. | Reviews about the definition of digital inclusion policies Interviews with people at various political levels Surveys of telecentres Interviews with telecentres Telecentre stories |- | 2.Advocacy capacity of the network in technology public policies | a.The telecentre network advocates for, and is consulted on public policies for technology and digital inclusion in the country; b.The telecentre network delivers an opinion in regard to technology policies and digital inclusion in the country; c.The telecentre network has not yet prioritized advocacy on public policies of technology and digital inclusion. | Reviews about the definition of digital inclusion policies Interviews with people at various political levels Surveys of telecentres Interviews with telecentres Telecentre stories |- | 3.Clarity of the role of telecentres nationwide | a.The network is recognized as a key means for the digital inclusion of populations with little access to technology opportunities; b.The network is recognized at the national level but there is no clarity about its importance; c.The network is still not recognized as a key actor. | Reviews about the definition of digital inclusion policies Interviews with people at various political levels Surveys of telecentres Interviews with telecentres Telecentre stories |- ! style="background:LightGrey; color:#800000" colspan= 3; | '''Secondary question #4: To what extent has networking encouraged organizational strengthening at the national level?''' |- | '''Variables for the analysis of the question''' | '''Indicative indicators''' | '''Possible sources''' |- | 1.Permanence of the network | a.The network faces several challenges and has been consolidated over time; b.The network is working properly but it still has to be consolidated in order to face complex challenges; c. The network is not strong and may be severely threatened if challenges arise. | Surveys of network members Interviews with network members Documentation of the network |- | 2.Organization level of the network | a.The network has an organizational structure (formal or informal) which is apparent to all members; b.The network has an organizational structure (formal or informal) that is not so apparent to all its members; c.The network does not have an organizational structure. | Surveys of network members Interviews with network members Documentation of the network |- | 3.Sustainability of the network | a.The network is self-sustainable; b.The network faces sustainability challenges but is advancing positively towards sustainability; c.The network is finding it very difficult to become sustainable. | Surveys of network members Interviews with network members Documentation of the network |- |} </div> <div style="background-color: #E0FFFF; border: solid 1px #00a5ff;"> {{center|1='''Box 8.1 Example of an evaluative framework for a network of telecentres involved in development processes'''}} {{center|1='''Major analysis category: digital inclusion'''}} {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- ! style="background:LightGrey; color:#800000" colspan= 3; | '''Secondary question #1: To what extent does the telecentre network support the digital inclusion of populations who have fewer opportunities?''' |- | '''Variables for the analysis of the question''' | '''Indicative indicators''' | '''Possible sources''' |- | 1.Populations are served by the network | a.The network is mostly serving people with fewer opportunities to access technology (for example, people who are elderly, handicapped, indigenous, housewives, farmers, etc.); b.The network is serving people with less access opportunities and other populations; c.The network is mostly serving people that have more access to technology conditions (young people, population with a higher educational level for example). | Surveys of the participant population Interviews with the participant population Focus groups Observation of the network members’ spaces |- | 2.Actions are tailored to people with lower levels of access to technology | a.Actions of the network members are oriented towards digital inclusion (i.e. people and communities digitally excluded); b.Actions of the network members are oriented towards digital inclusion for any populations; c.Actions of the network members are oriented to the same services available in other similar venues. |Surveys of the final population Interviews with the final population Focus groups Observation of the network members’ spaces |- | 3.New relationships forged by the telecentre network between individuals who are socially excluded | a.The populations served by the network are able to develop and build new relationships; b.The populations served by the network make contact with new people and spaces. but do not give continuity to the relationships; c.The populations served by the network do not establish any new relationships. | Surveys of the final population Interviews with the final population Focus groups Observation of the network members’ spaces |- | 4.New income generation opportunities for excluded populations | a.The populations served by the network are able to develop new income generation opportunities; b.The populations served by the network become aware of new ways for income generation; c.The populations served by the network do not identify new income generation opportunities. | Surveys of the final population Interviews with the final population Focus groups Observation of the network members’ spaces |- | 5.New recreational opportunities for excluded populations | a.People served by the network count on new entertainment tools; b.People served by the network become aware of new entertainment tools; c.People served by the network are not able to identify new entertainment spaces. | Surveys of the final population Interviews with the final population Focus groups Observation of the network members’ spaces |- ! style="background:LightGrey; color:#800000" colspan= 3; | '''Secondary question #2: To what extent does the telecentre network encourage the development of populations who have fewer opportunities?''' |- | '''Variables for the analysis of the question''' | '''Indicative indicators''' | '''Possible sources''' |- | 1.Link between technology use and community needs | a.The uses of the technology promoted by the network of telecentres are in line with the needs, visions, and problems of people with lower levels of access to technology opportunities; b.Some of the uses of technology are in line to the needs, visions, and problems of people with less access to technology opportunities; c.The uses of technology do not meet the needs, visions, and problems of people with less access to technology opportunities. | Surveys of final population Interviews with final population Focus groups Observation of the network members’ spaces |- | 2.Transformation of communication processes of the region served by the network | a.Populations served by the network have modified and improved their communication processes at internal and external community levels; b.Populations served by the network have identified new resources for their communication processes; c.Populations served by the network have not yet identified the potential of ICTs for their communication processes | Surveys of final population Interviews with final population Focus groups Observation of the network members’ spaces |- | 3.Transformation of information processes of the region served by the network | a.Populations served by the network have transformed their information processes and resources; b.Populations served by the network can locate new information resources; c.Populations served by the network have not yet transformed their information processes and resources. | Surveys of final population Interviews with final population Focus groups Observation of the network members’ spaces |- | 4.Transformation of knowledge processes of the region served by the network | a.Populations served by the network have modified their knowledge building processes; b.Populations served by the network have modified some aspects of their knowledge building processes; c.Populations served by the network keep the same knowledge building processes. | Surveys of final population Interviews with final population Focus groups Observation of the network members’ spaces |- |} </div> ==== Design II: The line of intention ==== When designing an evaluative framework, as the one used as example in Box 8.1, we are making a series of assumptions based on the knowledge of what the evaluation object is supposed to do or achieve. This set of assumptions, once validated with the appropriate stakeholders, becomes the so-called ‘program theory’ or ‘line of intention of the program’. In this case, the program is a telecentre network, and some of the assumptions composing its line of intention can be stated as follows: * Network implies a strengthening of each of its members through mutual aid, knowledge sharing and the development of joint projects; * Networking increases and strengthens the amount of support that members of the network, and the network itself require; * There is greater potential for impact on technology and digital inclusion policies, which positions telecentres as an option for people with fewer opportunities, because networking clarifies the role of these social actors; * The telecentre network is aimed at meeting the demands and needs of a population with fewer possibilities of accessing development opportunities such as education, health, and income generation, among others; * The population is indeed targeted and served by the network, and that the services offered are aimed to meet their needs, visions, demands; and in so doing it is adapted to the context of this;<ref>This will transform the resources of these populations to establish relationships with various actors at national and international levels, which involve finding new opportunities related to income generation and use of leisure time. </ref> * A true ICT integration in these populations will involve new communications processes, new information resources and therefore, new ways of developing one’s own knowledge. All these aforementioned processes will result in a greater recognition of ICTs as tools of opportunity and that a telecentre network can have an impact that produces a transformation in this population. All these assumptions that make up the line of intention are subsequently monitored and evaluated to properly identify them. The line of intention is usually not previously elaborated. Thus, before initiating an evaluation process, it is advisable that this line of intention is elaborated in conjunction with the stakeholders. This will be the basis of the evaluation. Figure 8.2 presents the line of intention in this telecentre network. It outlines the way in which the network is supposed to help transform reality. It allows clarification of what we are trying to do when creating a telecentre network. As the reader can see, it is directly linked to the evaluative framework presented in Box 8.1 above. <!-- ---- figure ----------- --> [[File:Figure 8.2 Line of Intention or Program Theory of the Telecentre Network.JPG|thumb|600px|center|Figure 8.2 Line of Intention or Program Theory of the Telecentre Network]] <!-- ---- figure ----------- --> ==== Research ==== Once the evaluation purpose, framework and line of intention are defined, the fieldwork for the evaluation of the telecentre network can be started. This involves using the sources described in the evaluative framework (Box 8.1) to retrieve the information and data necessary to make the assessment. This includes developing the right tools and methods to approach these sources. Surveys, interviews, life stories or observation are instruments that require the development of particular tools and methods. For the purposes of this paper, these instruments will not be described in detail here, but is important to note that they must be designed before starting to capture information. It is also important to point out that each variable has its own associated techniques and instruments for data and information collection. ==== Assessment – responding to questions ==== How the data will be analyzed must also be determined in advance, for which quantitative, qualitative or participative <ref>participatory actions are highly recommendable in the case of a telecentre network</ref> are necessary by integrating the involved stakeholders into discussions and analysis. The data analysis must respond to the indicators, variables, questions and categories previously designed. It is important to think of evaluation as a research process that allows making an informed value judgment. As such, it is meant to provide guidance with the decision-making on, for example, (i) the correction or continuation of network activities, (ii) the most appropriate use of financial support, (iii) the integration of new support to the network (e.g. local government or private enterprise) or (iv) changing the direction/the organizational transformation of the network. ==== Reporting back ==== A very important phase of the evaluation process is the presentation of results. This must be adapted to the language, media and various populations that have participated. It is the duty of the evaluator to present the results to each of the populations who have been consulted. In the case of telecentre networks, it is therefore important to report back to telecentre users, supporting organizations, and public sector, aside from telecentre managers and staff. ==== Risks ==== If the process presented here is not properly followed, a number of common mistakes can be committed, such as: * Using the evaluation to control and punish, instead of to learn and improve; * Understanding the evaluation as a measurement, rather than an assessment; * Considering the evaluation as a “creation of indicators”; * Considering that to “evaluate” means to “apply a survey”; * Considering that to “evaluate” means to “collect successful stories”. == References == <references/> {{BookCat}} m3kudpv9wa0i4g1dnegukjjnjcmmjyi 0 215560 4634547 3824517 2026-05-07T08:34:53Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634547 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Content and services== {{center|<big><big>'''Mahmud Hasan (Bangladesh Telecentre Network)''' </big></big>}} If communications are the ‘nervous system’ of a telecentre network, as expressed in Chapter 4, we could say that content and services are at the heart of a telecentre. It is through content and services that a telecentre serves the development challenges of its community and therefore provide opportunities for improved livelihoods. Telecentre networks have a unique advantage in developing content and services. Networks may use their collective power to attract content and services originally developed by other organization – and then modify them for their own purposes. Networks may also engage directly in content and services development. This chapter discusses attributes and types of adequate content and services for telecentres, and how a telecentre network can play a central role in their provision. Examples are provided along the way about TCNs engaging in this process, drawing on a case study that looks at the Bangladesh Telecentre Network and its content and services development plan. Since 2006, telecentre.org has supported a number of networks around the world to develop content and services that telecentres can use. This support has been linked to overall sustainability of telecentre networks. This is because telecentre.org believes that good content and services best advance the value of telecentre networking and are therefore key to sustainability for the telecentres. === The role of telecentre networks in the provision of content and services for local communities === Creating or even adapting the proper content or service packages for a particular community is an expensive and time-consuming job; and it is even more difficult for individual telecentres to create content and services. Moreover, providers of content and services activities may not want to work with just one telecentre and its relatively limited constituency. But the aggregate level of demand of a group of telecentre practitioners can make the relationship more attractive. There is an increasing recognition that networks can leverage content and services development, including the creation, packaging, training and provision of support services. Those content and services activities can then be replicated and distributed at the local and international level (such as through other TCNs). Herein lies the power of a telecentre network. A telecentre network can also provide a channel for validation and feedback for content and service providers. This is an invaluable opportunity for any provider. Individual telecentres can contribute to content development from telecentre networks by gathering information and knowledge from their communities. This may cover farming processes, trading opportunities, traditional herbal medicine, or local cultural practices for example. Telecentres have become a key source of data about local communities by development agencies and research organizations. One interesting experience comes from telecentre.org’s support of a number of networks and organizations to develop services through the competitive Rural Innovation Fund in India. These services included: * A delivery model for Tara Akshar, a computer-based literacy program that teaches adult illiteracy in Hindi in 30 days. The service also developed a training system that integrates NGO and community based organizations as partners; * Primary eye care through rural vision centres. The service was meant to increase access eye to care in rural India in order to reduce blindness; * School management software to improve administration and teaching; * An e-Commerce village web portal that provided communities with access to information, goods and services; * A village disaster management system that records critical threats and available resources (such as personnel, equipment, support services) at village and national levels; * An integrated rural milk procurement system that records milk collection to facilitate payments to farmers. There are a growing number of telecentre network experiences with direct content and services development, although there is much potential that remains unexplored. Within the telecentre.org community, we can highlight the UgaBYTES initiative that a service called ‘MySchool’, which helps high school students in Uganda meet online to share educational resources and to ask teachers questions. The national network in Mozambique receives the collaboration of the Brazilian Telecentre Information and Business Association (ATN) to deliver online telecentre manager training. D.Net in Bangladesh provides another good references (see Box 3). <div style="background-color: #E0FFFF; border: solid 1px #00a5ff; padding: 1em;"> {{center|1='''Box 6.1 An online portal of input services directory developed by telecentres in Bangladesh'''}} {{center|1=[http://www.jeeon.com.bd/thikana www.jeeon.com.bd/thikana]:}} D.Net, one of the members of the Bangladesh Telecentre Network, started to generate a countrywide directory of service providers like agriculture tool vendors, hospitals, educational institutions, and law firms; where information listed included their address, products available, price range, availability etc. They created an information repository of 20 sectors from 26 districts. Total entries in the database number over 8,000. D.Net used telecentres to collect this data by surveying local businesses. They trained telecentre staff and gave them a questionnaire in order to collect data. The telecentres thereby collected the data and send it to D.Net via email. Through this process, telecentres were able to earn additional income, while getting the opportunity to introduce a new service to the community. For D.Net, this process reduced the cost of their operation (also because they used the same telecentres to help them upgrade or further modify the data collected. </div> ==== Attributes of Content and Services ==== The design and nature of content and services needs to be guided by the needs of telecentres, which in turn are determined by the needs – and perceived opportunities – of their communities. The particular mix of content and services useful for a telecentre depends on the community ecosystem, where the telecentre itself needs to become an important component of that ecosystem. The figure below describes the constituent parts of such a community ecosystem. Each of the bubbles represents people and organizations that have a concrete, staked interest. Telecentre managers and telecentre network staff need to ensure that everything provided by telecentres is focused on community needs and opportunities. This translates into a process where benefits reach a sufficient amount of ecosystem actors. This leads to the questions, what attributes should characterize those content and services activities demanded by local communities and channelled through individual telecentres? We can point out at least four necessary attributes: content and services that are appropriate, relevant, dynamic and authentic. Content and services may be determined as '''appropriate''' for a specific community or network based on any of the following potential benefits: * <u>Reducing costs</u> by accessing different types of information and knowledge through easy and cheap communications; * Creating <u>new income opportunities</u> for the community, by helping community members to gain new ICT or information skills, or to learn about new productive or business possibilities; * <u>Reducing the risk</u> of possible loss or damage in a community, such as in disaster preparedness; * <u>Empowering marginalized</u> communities and giving a ‘voice to the voiceless’. <!-- ---------- Image ---------------- --> [[File:Figure 6.1 Community Ecosystem for Telecentres.jpg|thumb|400px|center|Figure 6.1 Community Ecosystem for Telecentres.jpg]] <!-- ---------- Image ---------------- --> Benefits may not always be quantifiable but they need to be visible. For instance, a cheap communications service (like IP telephony via companies like Skype) can let a mother know that her daughter and grandchildren are doing well far away from home. We have identified a few brief stories of social changes to illustrate, which are presented in Appendix 6.1. Because appropriate content and services are determined by user needs, they need to be '''dynamic'''. Telecentre networks have to be prepared to adapt or even abandon services as needs change over time. In the case of a service that provides content (information) to farmers about pest control and management, if new pesticides emerge on the market or if specific pests arrive in the scene, the service will have to update its content, since erroneous information may prove to be very costly to the farmers. The '''relevance''' of content and services determines their level of demand by the community. Proper packaging and delivery contribute to their relevance. Selecting the right delivery channels is critical in developing content and services; it may be necessary to use a combination of offline, online, print, SMS-based, or face-to-face channels. A network should also consider the characteristics of its telecentre users, such as their literacy levels. For instance, telecentre networks that work with high illiteracy rates will deliver more voice and video enabled content than printed materials. Content translation is also essential. The role of a good infomediary is not only to provide physical access to information but also to facilitate ‘real’ accessibility: that is, to make their meaning accessible. Another important attribute of content and services is '''authenticity'''. Because of the potential impact of particular content and services to people’s livelihoods, it imperative that networks seek validation to ensure that the information provided is accurate, complete and can lead to effective results, and that entities who are providing informational services are legal and honest. It is also useful if respected thematic experts and organizations validate content and service activities. In fact, this validation or quality control function may be one of the added value tasks performed by telecentre networks. ==== Types of Content and services ==== Community demands for information and services may vary widely from one community to the next. For example, local demand for livelihood information and services depends on types of professions in the community. Demand may prove higher in rural and remote areas, given their isolation and more restrained access to information. A telecentre network can get involved by providing a potentially wide range of content and services, which can relate to any of the following areas: * '''Agriculture:''' Agriculture is the main occupation of people living in rural areas. Many people engaged with agriculture are illiterate or semi-literate. But they have inherited indigenous knowledge. Typical demands for content and services from farmers can include: where to buy quality seeds, insecticides, pesticides or fertilizer availability (particularly from government sources). They also want to know about power cuts, fuel prices and the visits of agriculture extension officers. Farmers are certainly interested about information on daily market prices for agricultural commodities, but also on tools to test the soil quality, storage facilities (particularly for perishable products) or information about crop rotation and selection. * '''Health:''' Health and healthcare related issues are basic to a community’s well being, especially for rural women. The information demands on health issues are mainly on basic remedial issues related to diseases and health problems. Telemedicine services, including remote diagnostics and treatment follow-up are particularly valuable for rural people who can save precious time and money by not having to travel far away for some of those medical services. * '''Law and human rights:''' Violation of human rights may be more prevalent in rural locations because people lack basic education on their rights, or information about their obligations. Local elites often take advantage of the functional illiteracy of the individuals within the community. For these purposes, databases of legal and human rights organizations, listings for the nearest administrative offices and information about citizen rights are valuable. * '''Education:''' Students and teachers in rural communities often have little access to quality educational material. Youth in those areas may find it difficult to obtain higher education, so information about higher education opportunities, as well as procedures of getting admitted, is important for the rural community. Aging adult literacy is another major demand on the educational sector. Using audiovisual materials to promote adult literacy creates new opportunities for adult literacy as people can learn by watching and listening. * '''Employment:''' People use several sources for job information. Personal, face-to-face contact is the most common source for employment information. In addition, telecentres facilitate access to job information via online services. * '''Commerce, business including self-employment/non-farm economic activities:''' Telecentres can become popular places for business and commerce. Using a telecentre, people can find out information about their products (including market prices and additional information), input pricing and connections to global and national trading opportunities. Self-employment, especially rural micro and small enterprises capture the majority of rural occupations. Information about new business opportunities, business-related government information, business management, and online market places are major demands for this sector. * '''Disaster preparedness and management:''' Disasters and natural calamities are an increasing occurrence across the globe. Access to disaster-related information can reduce the severity of its effects, such as by allowing people a timely evacuation before a probable disaster strikes. * '''Government service:''' Telecentres can be a popular mechanism and a primary access point for all e-government services. This can make it easier to download official forms, submissions, certifications and so on, cutting out ‘middle men’ who sometimes demand unwarranted fees to perform services for citizens. * '''Entertainment:''' Telecentres are good source of entertainment for rural communities. Satellite private televisions and radio broadcasted programs are usually not available in rural areas. Telecentres may therefore provide good venues for entertainment: cartoons for children, drama shows, movies, sports for adults or online radio stations, are good examples. * '''News:''' In many remote villages, access to the newspaper is absent. Currently, most newspapers have an online version and there are hundreds of news blogs. A telecentre is a common access point for all to access to this media online. A key service provide by telecentres is '''access to the internet''', used by relatively more highly educated and ICT-knowledgeable user groups for purposes as wide-ranging as (i) job searching, (ii) applying for foreign visas, (iii) learning materials, (iv) reading the newspaper (and writing to the editor), (v) writing and conferencing with relatives, (vi) exchanging business information, or (vii) simply playing games. Some users, mostly in urban areas, are more advanced; they may use ICT facilities for banking or e-commerce activities. Many telecentres also provide ICT training. <div style="background-color: #E0FFFF; border: solid 1px #00a5ff; padding: 1em;"> {{center|1='''<big><big>Box 6.2: Telecentres of Business and Information (TBI), Brazil </big></big>'''}} The ‘Telecentres of Business and Information’ program is different from other digital inclusion programs in that it is more socially oriented: it aims to provide spaces for conducting business activities. The program’s objective is to strengthen competitiveness, increase profitability and reduce the closure of micro and small businesses by providing access to information, products, services and training courses available on the internet and on the resources offered by ICTs. That is, '''literacy and digital inclusion were taken as a ‘means’ (as a stage of work), and not its purpose'''. The program started in 2000, and now in 2009 it is in its third program phase. A Telecentre of Business and Information is a physical space within an existing institution that represents and develops actions directed towards micro and small businesses. Their infrastructure is built on the computational and human resources necessary for digital literacy and on the use of extensive resources of the internet. Each TBI has a manager, with some monitors and assistants, and about 10 computers connected in a local network and to the internet. Other equipment is also available, such as printers, scanners, a fax machine, telephone, or television. By the end of 2008, the TBI network included an impressive 3,500 units. The key resource for providing business content is the TBI Portal that introduced ‘smart navigation’ for the classification and presentation of business information. The actions of the program’s Information Committee in organizing topics of interest for micro and small businesses, and the establishment of virtual communities were very important in terms of facilitating content provision. The TBI Network now offers extension courses in Telecentre Management and Digital Entrepreneurship in the form of e-learning offered via a Moodle platform. The courses were developed specifically to train telecentre managers, for a total of 60 hours and with the support of specialist tutors. The content is available in five modules, with the intention to stimulate entrepreneurial potential and improve telecentre management practices. At the end of the course, students receive a certificate from the University of Brasilia. Since 2007, the course has trained more than 300 telecentre managers. A management system of Telecentres of Business and Information has been set up for the TBI Network, to facilitate monitoring and evaluation. It is focused mainly on two functions: 1) to generate indicators for the TBI network and 2) to automate internal administrative activities of the telecentres. Even though it is still in development, the management system is already being used by 125 TBIs in the country. Project TBI has benefited from the collaboration of an extensive set of partners, for a variety of purposes, including for: (i) internet connection, (ii) the donation of computers, furniture, printers, modems, fax, scanners or air conditioners, and (iii) for courses and training for professionals. Key partnerships were established with Caixa Econômica Federal and Banco do Brasil (two large banks) for the donation of computers; the <u>National Research Council</u> <ref>Which is similar in function to the National Science Foundation in the United States, or other similar national science and research bodies.</ref> for providing technical expertise for the project, and the <u>Brazilian Service of Support to Micro and Small Enterprises</u>, for the installation of telecentres and an ongoing discussion on methodologies and strategic planning.<ref>There were nearly 100 sponsoring and supporting organizations mentioned, most of them private companies, and a lesser number of universities and public (Brazilian) companies.</ref> In 2007, the TBI program received a World Summit Award in the category digital inclusion (e-inclusion). This award is sponsored by UNIDO, UNESCO and the Internet Society. </div> === Case study - Mapping content for telecentres by the Bangladesh Telecentre Network <ref>For more information, see the following web page:[http://www.mission2011.net.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=76&Itemid=101&lang=en www.mission2011.net.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=76&Itemid=101&lang=en]</ref>=== It is important for a telecentre network to invest in finding different sources of content and services and developing partnerships with various organizations to link them with telecentres. Recently, the Bangladesh Telecentre Network (BTN) has undertaken an initiative to map content and services for telecentres. The BTN found that individual telecentres do not know who has what. Instead, they struggle to find relevant sources of content and services. The Bangladesh Telecentre Network put together a small team comprised of a number of members with experience in content and services development for telecentres. At the beginning, BTN called for a members meeting and shared the idea of '''content mapping'''. The members attending the meeting identified dynamic sectors where they had demand for content by the community. The sectors are: {|style="background:#cccccc;" class="wikitable" border="1" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- ! [http://www.mission2011.net.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&id=16&Itemid=102 '''Agriculture'''] ! [http://www.mission2011.net.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&id=13&Itemid=103 '''Education'''] ! [http://www.mission2011.net.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&id=14&Itemid=146 '''Health'''] |- | [http://www.mission2011.net.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&id=15&Itemid=147 Employment and Skills Development] | [http://www.mission2011.net.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&id=18&Itemid=106 Environment] | [http://www.mission2011.net.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&id=17&Itemid=107 Law and Human Rights] |- | Gender | [http://www.mission2011.net.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&id=23&Itemid=153&lang=en Children] | [http://www.mission2011.net.bd/index.php?view=category&id=123%3Aonline-content&option=com_content&Itemid=108 Citizen Services] |- | Small and Medium Entrepreneur | Financial Services | Travel and Tourism |- | [http://www.mission2011.net.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&id=31&Itemid=148 Lifestyle] | | |- |} After finalizing the list of sectors, the team discussed how the various ways in which to present these types of content. Before starting the content mapping process, the team identified the following types of format: {|border="1" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- ! colspan="3" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Offline |- | Text based | Text and Picture | Software-based learning material |- | Multi-media (Audio) | Multi-media (Video) | Multi-media (Animation) |- ! colspan="3" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF " | Online |- | Text based | Text and Picture | Software-based learning material |- | Multi-media (Audio) | Multi-media (Video) | Multi-media (Animation) |- | E-Book | Interactive material | Global Materials |- ! colspan="3" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Stand-alone player with TV |- | Audio through audio-player [e.g. cassette player, MP3/4 player] | Video through video player [CD-player, DVD, player] | Animation through video player [CD-player, DVD, player] |- ! colspan="3" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Television |- | Live broadcasting | (Digital) Video Recording, for delayed showing | |- ! colspan="3" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Radio |- | Live broadcasting | Podcasting | |- ! colspan="3" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Projection Equipment |- | Slide projector | Overhead projector | Bioscope |- ! colspan="3" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Mobile telecommunications |- | SMS | Voice | Mobile software applications |- | Online content | Online applications (education, government, health). | |- ! colspan="3" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Hard Copy |- | Book | Manual | Leaflet |- ! colspan="3" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Brochure |- | Poster | Bulletin, Newsletter | |- |} After developing a comprehensive matrix (See Appendix 6.3 for a detailed matrix template), the team developed a list of institutions with the potential to develop content in each of the sectors mentioned above. The team later organized small sectoral meetings with organizations to brief them about the importance of content mapping and its benefit to the community. After the discussion, many organizations showed their willingness to support the initiative. In the very first phase the Bangladesh Telecentre Network technical team helped the organizations to develop their content description and post it on the BTN website. Later, a small number of organizations started posting their information on their own. As a result, BTN was able to develop a repository of 1,130 knowledge sources that are grouped under 13 categories. The outcomes were aggregated numerically as follows: {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- ! style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | ! style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Online Contents ! style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Audio and Visual Contents ! style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Printed Contents |- | Agriculture | 41 | 43 | 535 |-style="background:LightGrey" | Education | 40 | 1 | 34 |- | Health | 10 | - | 30 |-style="background:LightGrey" | Employment and Skills Development | 19 | - |45 |- | Environment | 5 | 11 | 14 |-style="background:LightGrey" | Law and Human Rights | 26 | 1 | 10 |- | Gender | - | - | 29 |-style="background:LightGrey" | Children | 1 | - | 21 |- | Citizen Services | 35 | - | - |-style="background:LightGrey" | Small and Medium Entrepreneur | _ | - | 34 |- | Financial Services | 27 | - | 47 |-style="background:LightGrey" | Travel and Tourism | 8 | - | 43 |- | Lifestyle | 4 | - | 16 |-style="background:LightGrey" | | '''216''' | '''56''' | '''858''' |- |} A generic list of content and services that were requested by communities, and which could be provided by telecentres, included: {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- ! colspan="2" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Government Services |-style="background:Maroon; color:#FFF" |Services to be delivered to the people |Information service from the community |-style="background:LightGrey" | Access to government forms | Data collection for Bureau of Statistics |- |Birth and death registration |Voter and national ID card upgrade for National Election Commission |-style="background:LightGrey" |Citizen Certificates |Disaster damage report and list of affected people and household |- |Public examination results |List of poor people eligible to access government subsidies or special economic programs such as relief |-style="background:LightGrey" |Teachers enlistment status for government subsidy |Government surveys |- |Immigration information |Private and development partners’ survey |-style="background:LightGrey" |Passport and visa information | |- |Government notices | |-style="background:LightGrey" |List of government divisions and departments working in a given region or administrative unit, along with the services they provide | |- |Special announcements | |- !colspan="2" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Livelihood Services |- |Newspaper reading |Disaster management information |-style="background:LightGrey" |Agriculture information |Social awareness information |- |Education information |Market price information |-style="background:LightGrey" |Health information |Consultations with experts using mobile phones and MSN messenger |- |Job information |Information dissemination through video and multimedia |-style="background:LightGrey" |Legal and human right information |Appropriate and Intermediate technology information |- |Small business development information | |- ! colspan="2" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Communication Services |- |Internet browsing |Commercial mobile phone service |-style="background:LightGrey" |Email |Chatting |- |Internet telephony (e.g. Skype) |Ring tone download |-style="background:LightGrey" |Video conference |Faxing (sending/receiving) |- ! colspan="2" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Capacity building services |- |-style="background:LightGrey" |ICT Training |Online market place for rural SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) |- |Livelihood other trainings (handicrafts, rural business through video documentary) |Online courses (offered by universities, academies, etc.) |- ! colspan="2" style="background:#800000; color:#FFF" | Ancillary services |- |Computer compositions |Scanning |-style="background:LightGrey" |Photography |Laminating |- |} This example of content mapping can be replicated in other telecentre networks, yet it is also important to recognize the associated challenges. Among them are limitations drawing from copyrights of the institutions and authors, the capacity of organizations to post online and, most importantly, the level of <u>willingness to support a network</u>. === Quick tips about Content and services=== * Telecentre networks should regularly and systematically examine the needs of individual telecentres for content and services, in order to provide a collective expression of demand – known as a pull strategy. * A telecentre network should deliberately promote content and services from different providers when it believes that they will be useful to some telecentres – a push strategy. * Telecentre networks can help individual telecentres to assess the needs for content and services for their community – through methodology, advice, tools, etc. * Community trust of content is important. Sometimes the organizations that are providing content are more important that the content itself. For example, medical content from an untrustworthy source may not be accepted by the community. * Telecentres are now a key source of research data about local communities, and TCNs can help to channel that data in ways that benefit telecentres (for example, through data on connectivity in order to increase coverage). * Government sources of information tend to be trusted. TCNs should try to bring more government institutions on board, for example, to provide e-government services. * Telecentres by themselves often do not know where to access relevant content and services, so telecentre networks can be of great help to locate them. Rigorous content mapping is an important function of the network from an early stage. * Various communication channels should be used to provide content and services: including offline, online, face-to-face, and print media. * Some users may be illiterate, which should be taken into account (therefore more audio and video content is helpful). * Some of the content and services may not be strictly developmental in nature, like in entertainment and news, but there will nevertheless be an audience for it. * The increased versatility of mobile phones may add ‘mobility’ and higher personal access to the information. * Telecentre networks will have an increasingly relevant function in providing exchange platforms for direct access or provision of content and services among users; that is, a kind of peer-to-peer marketplace for content and services. === References and Resources === Billah, M., Das, N. C., Hasan, M., Raihan, R., Sarer, T., and Uddin, M. F. (2007). Pallitathya: An Information and Knowledge System for the Poor and Marginalized: Experience from Grassroots in Bangladesh, D.Net ==== Web resources ==== {{center|1='''Offline source of content - JEEON ([http://www.jeeon.com.bd www.jeeon.com.bd])''' }} The Jeeon- IKB (Information and Knowledge Base) is a content database that has been developed in Bangla and is aimed at improving livelihood through ICTs. This CD version has been made for use in locations that do not have internet connectivity. The Jeeon-IKB responds to everyday queries such as what, where, who, and how in the areas of agriculture, education, healthcare, non-farming economic activities, appropriate technologies, human rights, awareness and disaster management in simple non-technical language. The Jeeon-IKB is particularly suitable for rural users – even for those who are unable to read and write, with the assistance of 'infomediaries' (people who can use Jeeon-IKB to respond to queries). This also creates access to crucial information and thus reduces livelihood costs and improves income opportunities. The Jeeon-IKB is more effective when used with Teletathya: the people's telecentre (a mobile phone based information service), since whatever information is not available in the CD can be obtained by calling the specialists at the Teletathya Helpline. For more information, visit: [http://www.jeeon.com.bd www.jeeon.com.bd] {{center|1='''Online source of content - Rice Knowledge Bank [http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org www.knowledgebank.irri.org]'''}} The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) Rice Knowledge Bank (RKB) is the central repository for all IRRI’s research-based rice science and rice farming knowledge that is relevant to the extension-farmer community. The IRRI RKB is also the model for similar RKBs in each partner country where the individual countries select, validate and modify rice-farming knowledge for their extension/farmer communities. The strength of the RKB community depends on developing a shared vision for the RKBs, a sharing of knowledge and exchanging information about technical issues. Now, different countries have their local language version of the knowledge base. For example, in Bangladesh, the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute has developed a comprehensive agriculture knowledge bank in Bangla, which is available at [http://knowledgebank-brri.org www.knowledgebank-brri.org]. {{center|1='''Mobile phone based content source - CellBazaar: Market in Your Pocket ([http://www.cellbazaar.com www.cellbazaar.com])'''}} CellBazaar is a service from Grameen Phone that allows the people to buy or sell via mobile phones in Bangladesh. If anybody wants to sell something, they can post the information on CellBazaar through Grameen Phone, and buyers can contact them. If someone is looking for something to buy, or if they need a particular service (such as a tutor), they can look for it on CellBazaar and contact the seller directly. When a buyer sees an item that they like, they can call the seller, get additional information, and meet the seller to complete the transaction. CellBazaar is a platform for buyers and sellers to find each other. People can access CellBazaar by calling to a special short code number, sending SMS, using WAP or even online. {{center|1='''Audio-visual content source - Netbetar.com: Development net cast Website: [http://www.netbetar.com www.netbetar.com]'''}} Netbetar.com, the first Bangladeshi internet broadcast radio channel hopes to reach all corners of the country via the thousands of telecentres sprinkled across rural areas. Development-focused entertainment through radio can help to bring issues closer to poor individuals, says the team behind the initiative. {{center|1='''Local knowledge repository - One Village One Portal: Towards Village Information Entrepreneurship'''}} One Village One Portal (OVOP) is an initiative of GCC (Global Communication Center) aims to build a model of social information infrastructure where villagers can also be producers and owners of village information. Rather than using high-tech infrastructure and training, this model shows how villagers with their current skill set and their own devices can generate and broadcast information. In order to bridge the gap between their capability and the capability of their devices, a "bottom of the pyramid” (BoP) adaptation layer is introduced in the model. Villagers need ICTs to spread their voices. Indeed it can be argued that we need their voices as much as they do. Our step towards finding a way for villagers to develop, own and commoditize information is the One Village One Portal platform. The platform is capable of handling 85,000 portals for 85,000 villages in Bangladesh. However, we envision the OVOP as a prototype for other BoP villages around the world. {{center|1='''Education – National Program of Informatics in Education, Brazil.'''}} {{center|1=Website: [http://proinfo.mec.gov.br proinfo.mec.gov.br]}} One promising field for telecentre services via the support of telecentre networks is in formal and vocational education. One successful example of a program of excellence in education instrumented largely through telecentres is the National Program of Informatics in Education, an initiative of the Ministry of Education in Brazil. The approach has been to incorporate telecentres within Brazilian schools with the objective of improving education, and with the added value of benefiting their communities beyond students and education professionals. {{center|1='''Thematically-oriented telecentres'''}} '''Telecentre Pesca Maré''' Website: 200.198.202.145/seap/telecentro/html_2/Index_Apresentacao.html This telecentre ensures the right to access to new technologies, expansion of relations, internet access and democratization of communication to ensure the digital inclusion of Brazilian fishermen. '''Mineral Telecentres''' Website: [http://www.mme.gov.br/site/menu/select_main_menu_item.do www.mme.gov.br/site/menu/select_main_menu_item.do] These telecentres promote the competitiveness of small mines (especially for those already organized into associations), cooperatives and micro and small enterprises in small regions or municipalities that have small mineral production as part of an important socio-economic base. === Appendix 6.1: Stories of Change in the Community === {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- ! style="background:#800000; color:#FFFFFF;" | Impact on the community ! style="background:#800000; color:#FFFFFF;" | A story to support the impact |- | Telecentres can '''reduce the cost of livelihood''' through accessing different livelihood information and knowledge and ‘get-easy’ communication access. | '''A Farmer Saved his Crop using Information Services of Telecentre''' Mr. Nurul Islam Khan produces rice along with beans, bitters and bottle gourds on his land. He is doing his best to make an honest living for his six-member family with an average monthly family income of USD $120. One day, he found that his cultivated beans, bitters and bottle gourds were attacked by harmful insects. He became worried and started consulting with his neighbours. His neighbours advised him to consult with a local agricultural field officer regarded as ‘block supervisor’, a post of Agricultural Extension Department under the Ministry of Agriculture. They also informed him that if he fails to get hold of the desired officer, then he can pay a visit to local telecentre to receive effective agricultural information services through various ICT channels. The urgency to receive effective agricultural advice made him look for the local block supervisor first, but he failed to get hold of him. Then he sought informational help from telecentre. He paid a visit to the telecentre and he chose to use the verbal information service from the CD content. Mr. Nurul Islam Khan applied the prescribed insecticides and dramatically got rid of his problems. Thus he saved his beans, bitters and bottle gourds and above all, his livelihood. According to his calculation, Mr. Nurul Islam Khan was able to prevent a total loss of USD $120 just by applying the received advice without paying any charge for the service offered by the Pallitathya Kendra. He thinks that information services provided by the Pallitathya Kendra can greatly save other farmers from potential losses. |-style="background:LightGrey" | Telecentres can create '''new income opportunities''' for the community. New income opportunities are created through gaining new skills on ICTs and information about new income opportunities. | '''Alam gets job at a Bank''' Alam, a 26-year old rural educated youth never even dreamt of getting a job at a local bank. The place where he stays is far from the main town, so it is hard for him to search for new employment opportunities. Fortunately, a local telecentre came forward to rescue him from this situation. Alam knew about internet browsing from the infomediary at the local telecentre. Browsing the internet at a local telecentre, he found a job advertisement in a local bank. He applied for the position through email. He was shortlisted and later interviewed. The bank authority publishes results online. Alam, thanks to the local telecentre, could get the dreamed result online. Now Mr. Alam is working as a Customer Relations Officer at BRAC Bank Ltd., Khatungonj, at the Chittagong Branch. |- | Telecentres can reduce the '''risk of possible loss or damage''' in a community. | '''Phone call saved scores of Indian villagers from tsunami''' The tsunami that struck the coastal communities of several Asian countries on 26 December 2004, was made even more tragic as news began to break of how a handful of technicians, monitoring the progress of the waves across the seas using the latest ICT systems, found themselves unable to warn communities standing in harm's way. This was not the case with Vijayakumar Gunasekaran, a 27-year old son of a fisherman from Nallavadu village, Pondicherry, on the eastern coast of India, who works in Singapore. He had access to radio and television broadcasters on the morning of 26 December. Vijayakumar followed the news of the earthquake in Aceh, Indonesia as it unfolded over the radio and television in Singapore. As the seriousness of the disaster in Aceh sank in, he began to worry about the safety of his family living along the Indian coastline facing Aceh. He decided to phone home. Muphazhaqi, his sister answered the phone. She told him that seawater was seeping into their home when he asked what was happening in Nallavadu. Vijayakumar realized at once that his worst fears were rapidly materializing. He asked his sister to quickly leave their home and to also warn other villagers to evacuate the village. "Run out and shout the warning to others" he urged his sister. Her warning reached a couple of quick-thinking villagers who suddenly went to the telecentre where a public address system used routinely to announce sea conditions to the fishermen was housed. The warning from Vijayakumar, corroborated by a second overseas telephone call from Gopu, another villager working abroad, was broadcasted across the village using the telecentre’s loudspeaker. The village siren, which was available at the telecentre, was sounded immediately afterwards for the people to evacuate. No one from the village was killed as a result of the timely warnings. Nallavadu is home to 500 families and about 3,630 people. While all lives were saved, the tsunami destroyed 150 houses and 200 fishing boats in the village. |-style="background:LightGrey" | Telecentres can '''empower marginalized community members''' and can give a voice to the voiceless. | '''Khadija is back to her normal life with dignity''' Khadija Begam was married to Alamin Akon (a 28 year-old man), both from Mongla. Her husband got married for a second time without informing her. Khadija could not tolerate it and protested. That caused her to be physically and mentally abused by her husband. She had no choice but to move to her parents’ house with her three-year-old daughter. She was helpless. Mr. Akon refused to pay any alimony to his wife. She knew about a mobile infomediary, who was working in a community telecentre, and called her one day. The mobile infomediary Nayan helped her to talk to a lawyer from a local human rights organization whose address and details was available at the telecentre where Nayan was working. After investigating the problem and consulting with Khadija, the lawyer sent a legal notice to her husband. After receiving the legal notice from the court, her husband got scared and rushed to the Union Parishad Chairman for a petition to compromise. But the UP chairman didn’t respond to it, since the local telecentre routinely informs community citizens about their rights and obligations. The chairman told Ms. Khadija that if she withdraws the legal notice, he would take her back to his family. But Ms. Khadija was adamant and she wanted either a compensation of BDT 25,000 or a divorce between her husband and his second wife. She managed to find a job at a restaurant in Mongla to make an honest living with dignity. She found the telecentre to be as a good resort while in distress and relied on it later for other livelihood issues. |- |} === Appendix 6.2: Matrix for Content Mapping <ref>Source: Bangladesh Telecentre Network (BTN)</ref>=== {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- ! Types of Content ! ! Agriculture ! Education ! Health ! Employment and job ! Environment ! Law and human rights ! Citizen and government services ! Business information related services ! Financial information related services ! Travel and tourism information related services ! Disaster preparedness and management information ! Local level information ! History and culture related information |- | rowspan=6 | '''Offline''' | Text-based | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Text and Picture | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Software-based learning material | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Multi-media (Audio) | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Multi-media (Video) | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Multi-media (Animation) | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | rowspan=9 | '''Online''' | Text based | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Text and Image | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Software-based learning material | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Multi-media (Audio) | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Multi-media (Video) | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Multi-media (Animation) | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | E-Book | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Virtual reality | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Global Materials | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | rowspan=3 | '''Stand-alone player with TV''' | Audio through audio-player [e.g., cassette player, MP3/4 player] | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Video through video player [CD-player, DVD, player] | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- | Animation through video player [CD-player, DVD, player] | || || || || || || || || || || || || |- |} == Note == <references/> {{BookCat}} 4f7nprnfyvq11df90tkav68tf4tnary 0 243605 4634459 3651612 2026-05-06T17:22:14Z ~2026-27553-69 3581739 the degradation 4634459 wikitext text/x-wiki the degradation of Earth's surface through the accumulation of solid waste, harmful chemicals, and hazardous materials, primarily caused by{{TOC right}} Sometimes human activities lower the quality or '''degrade''' the land by putting hazardous substance in the soil and water. A well-known example of this is the story of Love Canal in New York. The story began in the 1950s, when a local chemical company put dangerous chemicals in steel drum containers. They buried the containers in Love Canal, an abandoned waterway near Niagara Falls, New York (Figure 19.8). They then covered the containers with soil and sold the land to the local school system. [[File:Fuel Barrels.JPG|500px|center|thumb|'''Figure 19.8''': Steel barrels like these were used to contain the hazardous chemicals at Love Canal. After several years, they began to leak the chemicals into the soil and groundwater, which caused many people to become sick.]] [[File:Love Canal protest.jpg|frame|right|'''Figure 19.9''': A resident of Love Canal protests the hazardous waste contamination in her neighborhood.]] The school system built a school on the land. The city of Niagara Falls also built more than 800 homes near Love Canal. Several years later, people who lived there began to notice bad chemical smells in their homes. Children developed burns after playing in the soil, and they were often sick. A woman living in the area, named Lois Gibbs, organized a group of citizens called the 'Love Canal Homeowners Association' to try to find out why their children kept getting sick (Figure 19.9). They discovered that their homes and school were sitting on top of the site where the dangerous chemicals had been buried. They believed that the old steel drums used to contain the dangerous chemicals were leaking and making them and their children sick. They demanded that the government take action to clean up the area and remove the chemicals. By 1979, the United States government fully realized that the old drums were indeed leaking dangerous chemicals into the soil and water where the people lived and went to school. The government gave money to many of the people to move somewhere safer and began cleaning up the site. The work of Lois Gibbs was important in bringing the problem of hazardous chemical pollution to people's attention. After the Love Canal problem, the U. S. government created a law called the '''Superfund Act'''. This law requires companies to be responsible for hazardous chemicals that they put into the environment. It also requires them to pay the money needed to clean up polluted sites, which can often be hundreds of millions of dollars. As a result, companies today are more careful about how they deal with hazardous substances. This lesson describes some of the sources of hazardous wastes throughout the world. It then discusses the effects these wastes have on human health and the environment. Finally, this lesson covers ways that we can control hazardous wastes. ==Lesson Objectives== * Define hazardous waste and describe its sources. * Describe some of the impacts of hazardous waste on human health and on the environment. * Detail some ways that we can control hazardous wastes. ==What is Hazardous Waste?== Hazardous waste is any waste material that is dangerous to human health or that degrades the environment. Hazardous waste materials include substances that are: # Toxic: something that causes serious harm, death or is poisonous. # Chemically active: something that causes dangerous or unwanted chemical reactions, like dangerous explosions. # Corrosive: something that destroys other things by chemical reactions. # Flammable: something that easily catches fire and may send dangerous smoke into the air. Hazardous waste may be solid or liquid. It comes from many sources, and you may be surprised to learn that you probably have some sources of hazardous waste right in your own home. Several cleaning and gardening chemicals are hazardous if not used properly. These include chemicals like drain cleaners and '''pesticides''' that are toxic to humans and many other creatures. When we use, store, and dispose of them, we have to be careful. We have to protect our bodies from exposure to them and make sure they do not enter the environment (Figure 19.10). If they are thrown away or disposed of improperly, they become hazardous to the environment. Others sources of hazardous waste are shown in Table 19.2. [[File:Hazardous-pesticide.jpg|500px|center|thumb|'''Figure 19.10''': This farm worker wears special clothes for protection from the hazardous pesticide in the container.]] {| class="wikitable" style="width:500px; margin:0px auto;" |+ Table 19.2: Sources of Hazardous Waste ! Type of Hazardous Waste || Example || Why it is Hazardous |- | Chemicals from the automobile industry || Fuel, used motor oil, battery acid, brake fluid || Toxic to humans and other organisms; often chemically active; often flammable |- | Batteries || Car batteries, household batteries || Contain toxic chemicals; are often corrosive |- | Medical wastes || Surgical gloves, wastes contaminated with body fluids such as blood, x-ray equipment || Toxic to humans and other organisms; may be chemically active |- | Paints || Paints, paint thinners, paint strippers, wood stains || Toxic; flammable |- | Dry cleaning chemicals || Many various chemicals || Toxic; many cause cancer in humans |- | Agricultural chemicals || Pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers || Toxic to humans; can harm other organisms; pollute soils and water |} ==Impacts of Hazardous Waste== Many hazardous waste materials have serious impacts on human health. They often cause cancer and can also cause birth defects. They can make people sick for very long times. Breathing the air or drinking the water that is contaminated with hazardous waste is a major health threat. Two chemicals that are especially toxic in the environment are lead and mercury. Lead harms people by damaging their brain and nervous system. Lead is especially harmful in children under the age of six; about 200 children die every year from lead poisoning. Lead was once a common ingredient in fuel and paint (Figure 19.11). In the 1970s and 1980s, the United States government passed laws completely banning lead in fuel and paint. This has prevented the lead poisoning of millions of children in the United States. However, several other countries still use fuel with lead in it. Also, homes built before the 1970s may contain paint that has lead in it. These still pose a threat to human health. [[File:Tamoil station Pijnacker.jpg|500px|center|thumb|'''Figure 19.11''': In the United States, automotive fuel must now be unleaded, or free from lead.]] [[File:Mercury fremont ice core.png|300px|thumb|'''Figure 19.12''': This graph shows historic increases of mercury in the atmosphere. Events in blue are volcanic eruptions. Events in brown, purple, and pink are human-caused. Notice the effect of industrialization on mercury levels in the atmosphere (the red region of the graph).]] Mercury is a pollutant affecting the whole world (Figure 19.12). Mercury enters the environment from volcanic eruptions, burning coal and from waste products like old batteries and electronic switches. It is also found in old discarded electronic appliances like television sets. Like lead, mercury also damages the brain and impairs nervous system function. Mercury often accumulates in fish, so people and other animals that eat the fish then are in danger of getting the mercury in their own bodies. ==Preventing Hazardous Waste Pollution== The United States is currently the world's largest producer of hazardous wastes. However, as China becomes more industrialized, it may take over the number one spot. Countries with more industry produce more hazardous waste than those with little industry. Hazardous wastes can enter the air when we burn things like batteries containing mercury or old tires. Hazardous waste can enter the water when chemicals are dumped on the ground, or are buried and then leak. Substances buried in the ground often leak from their containers after a number of years. The chemicals then move through the soil until they reach groundwater. Hazardous chemicals are especially dangerous once they reach our groundwater resources. Sites like the one at Love Canal are now referred to as '''Superfund sites'''. They are found throughout the country. Many of them have been identified and cleaned up. We now have strict laws to prevent new sites like the Love Canal site from ever forming in the first place. In the United States, we have several laws that help control hazardous waste. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act requires any company that produces hazardous materials to keep careful track of what happens to it. The government has passed special rules for how these materials can be disposed of. Companies must ensure that hazardous waste is not allowed to enter the environment in dangerous amounts. They have to protect their workers from the hazards of the materials. They must keep a record of how they dispose of hazardous wastes, and show the government that they did so in a safe way. Individual people can also do much to control hazardous wastes. We can choose to use materials that are not hazardous in the first place. We can make sure that we dispose of materials properly. We can control the amount of pesticides that we use. We can make sure to not pour toxic chemicals over the land, or down the drain or toilet, or even into the trashcan. We can also use hazardous materials less often. We can find safer alternatives for many of the chemicals we use. For example, we can use vinegar and water to clean windows instead of the usual glass-cleaning chemicals. ==Lesson Summary== * Hazardous wastes are dangerous to human health and the environment. They come from many sources, such as household chemicals, gasoline, paints, old batteries, discarded appliances, and industrial chemicals. * Once in the air or buried on land, they can cause human health problems or even death and degrade the environment for other organisms. * Developed countries like the United States produce most of the world's hazardous waste. * We have passed laws that require careful disposal of hazardous materials and that make their producers financially responsible for them if they pollute the environment. ==Review Questions== # How does the United States Superfund Act help control hazardous wastes? # What is the difference between corrosive and flammable? # Organic farming is a method of growing food crops with natural alternatives to chemical pesticides. How does organic farming help control hazardous wastes? # What is one disadvantage of storing hazardous wastes in barrels buried deep in the ground? # Scientists who work with hazardous wastes often wear special clothing like gloves and masks. Why do you think they wear these items? # Which do you think is easiest and hardest to keep track of: hazardous waste that is present as a gas, liquid, or solid? Why? ==Vocabulary== ; degrade : To lower the quality of something. ; pesticides : Chemicals used to kill or harm unwanted pests such as insects that damage food crops. ; Superfund Act : A law passed by the US Congress in 1980 that held companies responsible for any hazardous chemicals that they might create. ; Superfund site : A site where hazardous waste has been spilled. Under the Superfund Act, the company that created the hazardous waste is responsible for cleaning up the waste. ==Points to Consider== * What are the best ways to either prevent or safely dispose of hazardous materials? * If humans are the ones who mostly create hazardous materials, whose responsibility is it to clean them up? * Is it important for each generation to leave the world a safe place? If one generation doesn't do this, who pays the price? {{chapnav|Loss of Soils|Human Actions and Earth's Resources}} mg5fsub5nurnhtylsl9sn7nlpivxa4i 0 243614 4634457 4336855 2026-05-06T17:11:06Z ~2026-27553-69 3581739 OF the earth water 4634457 wikitext text/x-wiki of Earth's water is easily accessible) for agriculture, industry, and domestic needs, which is increasingly threatened by overconsumption, pollution, and climate change. Key challenges include managing groundwater depletion, ensuring clean water access, and mitigating the environmental impacts of water redirection projects like dams and canals. [<nowiki/>[[High School Earth Science/Problems with Water Distribution|1]], 2, 3, 4, 5]{{TOC right}} ==Learning Objectives== * Learn how humans use water. * Discuss how much water is taken up by each water use. * Explain the difference between consumptive and non-consumptive water uses. * Discuss three of the most serious issues humans face today, including shortages of fresh water, lack of safe drinking water, and water pollution. * Discuss why humans are facing water shortages. * Discuss how water shortages can lead to disputes and even battles between states and countries bordering on the same water source. * Explain why one fifth of the human population does not have access to safe drinking water. * Describe the relationship between disease and exposure to unsafe drinking water. * What is the origin of California's fresh water supply? ==Human Uses of Water== All forms of life need water to survive. As humans, we need water to drink or we need to get it from the foods we eat. We also use water for agriculture, industry, household uses, and recreation. Water is continually cycled and recycled through the environment. Some ways that we use water consume a lot of water that then is lost to the ecosystem and some ways we use water put less demand on our water supplies. Understanding how water cycles and is replaced is important, especially when we look for ways to use less water. Currently, agricultural uses the most water. Considering different methods of irrigation and times of day to water crops can improve this situation. Farming, growing crops and raising livestock uses more than two thirds of the water used by humans globally. When water is used but not recycled, the water use is called consumptive. That water is lost to the ecosystem. When excess water is captured or recycled, it is called non-consumptive. As we move to a more sustainable future, we want to be sure as much of our water use is non-consumptive as possible. What is the most important thing for all life on Earth? Not gold or diamonds. It is water! From the smallest bacteria to the largest trees, all forms of life on Earth depend on water for survival. As humans, we could not survive for more than a few days without drinking water or getting water from the foods we eat. In addition to our basic survival need for water to drink, people also use freshwater for agriculture, industry and household needs. Across the world, different communities also use water for many kinds of recreational and environmental activities. Which human activity uses the most water? Not showers, baths, washing dishes, or other household uses. On average, agriculture uses more than two thirds of the water that humans use across the world. Industry and household uses average 15% each. Recreational use and environmental uses average 1% each. (See Figure 21.1) [[File:Water withdrawals by sector 1982-1997.png|frame|center|'''Figure 21.1''': Proportion of water used for home, industrial, and agricultural purposes across the world.]] Some ways that people use water do not use up the water. When you swim in a lake, you do not use up the water. The water is still in the lake when you climb out. In some cases, water can be recycled for reuse. For example, the water you use to brush your teeth or take a bath can be collected through your household pipes and the sewer system, purified and then redistributed for reuse. These are examples of '''non-consumptive''' water use. By recycling water, we ultimately reduce our overall water consumption. Unlike the previous examples, water sprinklers are called '''consumptive''', because much of the water is lost to the air as evaporation. None of the lost water can be captured and reused. ==Agricultural Water Uses== Have you ever watched huge sprinklers watering large fields of crops (Figure 21.2)? If you have, try to imagine how much water it takes to water a field compared to taking a shower or bath. You may be surprised to learn that agriculture uses more than two thirds (69%) of the water humans use, globally. [[File:PivotWithDrops.JPG|500px|center|thumb|'''Figure 21.2''': Overhead sprinklers need to use large quantities of water on crops because much of the water is lost to evaporation and runoff.]] Two of the most popular irrigation methods are overhead sprinklers and trench irrigation. Trench irrigation systems are just that: trench canals that carry water from a water source to the fields. Farmers often chose these methods because they relatively inexpensive. Unfortunately, they are also wasteful of water. Roughly fifteen to thirty-six percent of the water never reaches the crops, because it evaporates into the air or is lost as runoff. When rain or irrigation water is not absorbed by the soil, often it washes valuable soil away. Giving up irrigation is not a choice for most farmers. A farmer living in a dry region, such as a desert, needs irrigation, just to grow crops. A farmer living in a wetter place would use irrigation to produce more crops or to grow more profitable crops. In some cases, farmers can choose to grow crops that match the amount of rain that falls in that region naturally. Instead of giving up irrigation, farmers can use less water by choosing more efficient irrigation methods, such as '''drip irrigation''' (Figure 21.3). This irrigation system uses pipes and tubes to deliver small amounts of water directly to the soil at the roots of each plant or tree. It wastes less water than sprinklers and trenches, because almost all of the water goes directly to the soil and plant roots. [[File:Drip irrigation.jpg|500px|thumb|center|'''Figure 21.3''': Drip irrigation uses a series of pipes and tubes to deliver water to the base of each plant. Because little water is lost to evaporation and runoff, this method uses less water than sprinklers and trenches.]] You might wonder why any farmer would not switch to efficient irrigation methods, since they would save so much water. There are two reasons. First, drip irrigation and other efficient irrigation methods cost more than trenches and sprinklers. Second, in some countries, such as the United States, the government pays for much of the cost of the water that is used for agriculture. Because, farmers do not have to pay the full price of the water they use, they do not have any financial reason or '''incentive''' to use less water. ==Aquaculture== [[File:Delta Pride Catfish farm harvest.jpg|225px|thumb|'''Figure 21.4''': Workers at a fish farm harvest fish they will sell to stores.]] Aquaculture is the name for the type of farming you might do if you were raising fish, shellfish, algae or aquatic plants (Figure 21.4). This is a farming practice where plants and animals that live in water are raised. As the supplies of fish from lakes, rivers, and the oceans dwindle, people are getting more fish from aquaculture. Raising fish instead of hunting for them is a different way of increasing our food resources. The next time you pass the fish display in the grocery store, look for labels for "farm raised" fish. These fish would have been raised in an aquaculture setting. Some of the most productive aquaculture farming takes place in wetland areas along coastlines. Rivers and streams carry nutrient-rich water into these wetlands, so fish and other animal life thrives. A good supply of nutrients is important when raising a large community of plants or animals. We need to be careful about the wastes that are added to our coastal waters when we increase plant and animal populations in these areas. Aquaculture can be considered a non-consumptive use of water, as long as we keep our coastal waters in good condition. ==Industrial Water Use== Industrial water use accounts for an estimated fifteen percent of worldwide water use. Industries include power plants that use water to cool their equipment, and oil refineries that use water for chemical processes (Figure 21.5). Industry also uses water in many manufacturing processes. Looking at water use in a completely different way, hydroelectric power plants are built along rivers and streams to generate energy. This is a very efficient way to use water that is also non-consumptive. [[File:Poland Solina dam.jpg|500px|center|thumb|'''Figure 21.5''': A power plant in Poland sits on the edge of a lake with easy access to water for cooling and other purposes.]] ==Household Use== Starting from when you wake up in the morning, count the ways you use water at home (Figure 21.6). You will need to count the water you drink, water used in cooking, bathing, flushing toilets, and even gardening. You will be surprised to notice how many times a day you use water. Have you ever had to go without water? The United States is a developed country. In developed countries, people use a lot of water each day. People living in less developed countries use far less water than people in the United States. Globally, household or personal water use is estimated to account for fifteen percent of world-wide water use. [[File:Humanitarian aid OCPA-2005-10-28-090517a.jpg|500px|center|thumb|'''Figure 21.6''': Humanitarian aid providing less developed countries with water.]] Some household water uses are considered non-consumptive, because water is recaptured in sewer systems, treated and returned to surface water supplies for reuse. Watering lawns with sprinklers is an exception. Just like sprinkler irrigation on farms, yard sprinklers are consumptive and use large amounts of water. We all have many ways to lower the amount of water we use at home. Hardware stores sell water-efficient home products, such as drip irrigation to water lawns and gardens, low flow shower heads and low flow toilets. What other ways can you use less water at home? ==Recreational Use== Which sports use water? Swimming, fishing, and boating are easy examples to think about (Figure 21.7). Do you think playing golf requires water? Actually it does, because we irrigate the golf course in order to keep it nice and green! The amount of water that most recreational activities use is low: less than one percent of all the water we use. [[File:Crystal Lake.jpg|550px|center|thumb|'''Figure 21.7''': Many recreational activities, such as swimming and fishing, are non-consumptive water activities which won't deplete the water supply.]] Most recreational water uses are non-consumptive. That would include swimming, fishing, and boating. We can swim, fish, and boat without reducing the water supply. The same is not true for playing golf, which is the biggest recreational water consumer. Golf courses require large amounts of water. Water used for golf courses is generally consumptive, since most of it is lost to evaporation, soil, and runoff. ==Environmental Use== Environmental uses include activities to create habitat for wildlife, such as building lakes and fish ladders to help fish spawn (Figure 21.9). Most environmental uses are non-consumptive; they account for even less water use than recreation. [[File:Atchafalaya Basin.jpg|500px|center|thumb|'''Figure 21.8''': Wetlands and other environments depend on clean water to survive. Water shortages are a leading cause of global biodiversity loss.]] ==California Water Resources== Nevada and other mountain ranges feeds rivers that crisscross the state. Many of these streams feed into the Sacramento River in the northern part of the Central Valley, and the San Joaquin River in the southern portion (Figure 21.9). Virtually all of these rivers are dammed, some more than once, to supply power and water to the cities and farmland of the state. [[File:California water system.jpg|500px|center|thumb|'''Figure 21.9''': California rivers.]] Groundwater is also an important source of water in California. In a normal year about 40% of the state's water supply comes from groundwater. In a drought year, the number can rise to 60% or more. The largest groundwater reservoirs are found in the Central Valley where thousands of years of snow melt has fed the aquifers. In many locations, much more groundwater is used each year than is available to recharge the aquifer. Subsidence of the land is common in these regions. Despite these vast water sources, the states large population and enormous agricultural landscape put a strain on the water supply. Water rights in California are complex and controversial. Although about 75% of the water resources are in the northern one-third of the state, the largest usage, about 80%, is in the southern two-thirds. Besides projects that exist to distribute water within the state, a large source of water is the Colorado River, which California must share with five other states and Mexico. The distribution of water resources in the Western United States will be a topic of much discussion in the coming decades. ==Lesson Summary== * Human water use can be lumped into five categories. The uses are arranged in order of greatest to the least amounts of total water use on Earth: ** Agriculture (sixty-nine percent) ** Industry uses (fifteen percent of global water use) ** Home and Personal use (fifteen percent) ** Recreation uses (less than one percent) ** Environmental use (less than one percent) * Despite California's abundant water supply from surface streams and groundwater, the state has a number of water rights issues that will be important long into the future. ==Review Questions== # Describe the three water uses that consume the most fresh water. # Explain why humans are limited to using less than one percent of all the water on Earth for our needs. # List two reasons why human water use has increased tremendously during the past century. # Describe four consequences of water shortages. # What does the phrase "water is more valuable than gold" mean? # Describe why some water uses are called consumptive. # Describe drip irrigation and why it wastes less water than irrigating with sprinklers. # Describe why droughts are more serious in arid regions of the world than in wetter regions. # What is the origin of California's fresh water sources? ==Vocabulary== ; consumptive : Water use where water is "lost" to evaporation. ; drip irrigation : Pipes and tubes that deliver small amounts of water directly to the soil at the roots. ; incentive : A financial benefit for taking a particular action. ; non-consumptive : Water use that does not "use up" the water supply. ==Points to Consider== * How could fresh water be more valuable than gold or a diamond? * Which human activity uses more water than all other activities combined? * Why don't all farmers use drip irrigation and other water efficient irrigation methods? * How could water filtration and desalination technologies be best utilized to provide safe drinking water for everyone? {{chapnav|Human Actions and Earth's Waters|Problems with Water Distribution}} jb4riow5fqyw0wmrgfq5z8tfor34lfo 10 256861 4634481 2702582 2026-05-06T18:27:17Z Codename Noreste 3441010 + 4634481 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Template:Slideshow/styles.css" /><includeonly>{{#if:{{{slide 2|{{{2|}}}}}}| <div style="{{{frame style|border:1px solid #ccccff;}}}"> <div style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold;">Slideshow:</div> <div class="slides" style="{{{slides style|}}}"> <div class="slide"> {{{slide 1|{{{1}}}}}} </div> <div class="slide"> {{{slide 2|{{{2}}}}}} </div> {{#if:{{{slide 3|{{{3|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 3|{{{3}}}}}} </div> }}{{#if:{{{slide 4|{{{4|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 4|{{{4}}}}}} </div> }}{{#if:{{{slide 5|{{{5|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 5|{{{5}}}}}} </div> }}{{#if:{{{slide 6|{{{6|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 6|{{{6}}}}}} </div> }}{{#if:{{{slide 7|{{{7|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 7|{{{7}}}}}} </div> }}{{#if:{{{slide 8|{{{8|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 8|{{{8}}}}}} </div> }}{{#if:{{{slide 9|{{{9|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 9|{{{9}}}}}} </div> }}{{#if:{{{slide 10|{{{10|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 10|{{{10}}}}}} </div> }}{{#if:{{{slide 11|{{{11|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 11|{{{11}}}}}} </div> }}{{#if:{{{slide 12|{{{12|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 12|{{{12}}}}}} </div> }}{{#if:{{{slide 13|{{{13|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 13|{{{13}}}}}} </div> }}{{#if:{{{slide 14|{{{14|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 14|{{{14}}}}}} </div> }}{{#if:{{{slide 15|{{{15|}}}}}}| <div class="slide"> {{{slide 15|{{{15}}}}}} </div> }} </div> </div> }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> iiwwrkma4s40zwib99m2oa74oa3bzeb 10 256862 4634479 2502491 2026-05-06T18:25:29Z Codename Noreste 3441010 Update. 4634479 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Documentation subpage}} '''Slideshow''' allows you to have an interactive slideshow on a page. You can click the left and right buttons to move to the previous and next slide. [[MediaWiki:Common.js/Slideshows.js]] and [[MediaWiki:Common.css/Slideshows.css]] are required for this to work. == Usage == <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {{slideshow | frame style = CSS to use (optional) | slides style = CSS to use (optional) | slide 1 = .... | slide 15 = }} </syntaxhighlight> slide 1 through slide 15 are what to show for each slide. == Example == {{slideshow | frame style = width:550px; | slides style = padding:25px; background-color:#ccffcc; | slide 1 = [[File:Wikiversity-banner.jpg|500px|link=]] | slide 2 = [[File:Wikiversity Banner Fachbereich_Geschichte (2).png|500px|link=]] | slide 3 = [[File:File-Banner Year of Astronomy TvJ 1 1600x440.png|500px|link=]] }} 68p3i5xd49asx26twkfxl8jhvdr88p2 0 257754 4634592 3362858 2026-05-07T09:29:39Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634592 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOEDITSECTION__ {{center/top}} =About the book= {{center/end}} {{:Video Game Design/About the Book/Foreword}} {{:Video Game Design/About the Book/Authors}} [[{{BOOKCATEGORY}}|0]] <noinclude>{{displaytitle|title=Video Game Design}}</noinclude> rh57kffztt8fccre4m6ieo9mx7d5kcj 0 257783 4634591 3181070 2026-05-07T09:29:13Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} = Implementation = {{center/end}} {{:Video Game Design/Process}} {{:Video Game Design/Game content}} {{:Video Game Design/Programming}} {{:Video Game Design/Programming/Selecting the Hardware}} {{:Video Game Design/Programming/Framework}} {{:Video Game Design/Programming/Framework/2D vs 3D}} {{:Video Game Design/Programming/Framework/AI}} {{:Video Game Design/Programming/Framework/Procedural Content Generation}} {{:Video Game Design/Programming/Framework/Physics}} {{:Video Game Design/Programming/Reality Simulation}} {{:Video Game Design/Structure}} 7kogky4ks18tvdtn2qhrqcy7bw0w8ij 0 257786 4634590 3269232 2026-05-07T09:28:48Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634590 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} = Video Game Theory = {{center/end}} {{:Video Game Design/Components}} {{:Video Game Design/Theory}} {{:Video Game Design/Archetypes}} {{:Video Game Design/Design}} == Chapter Summary == {{:Video Game Design/Chapters/Theory/Summary}} {{BookCat}} jv64m1rpzp8wl5kf82x7fmv6wtc9u6u 0 263408 4634599 4627389 2026-05-07T09:37:33Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634599 wikitext text/x-wiki <!--[[Image:Ukrainians diaspora famous.jpg|thumb|250px|Ukrainians in diaspora.]]--> The '''Ukrainian diaspora''' is the global community of [[w:ethnicity|ethnic]] [[w:Ukrainians|Ukrainians]], especially those who maintain some kind of connection, even if ephemeral, to the land of their ancestors and maintain their feeling of Ukrainian national identity within their own local community. ==History== ===1608 To 1880=== [[File:Ukrainians in Russia new.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Group of prominent [[w:Ukrainians in Russia|Ukrainians in Russia]].]] After the loss suffered by the Ukrainian-Swedish Alliance under [[w:Ivan Mazepa|Ivan Mazepa]] in the [[w:Battle of Poltava|Battle of Poltava]] in 1709, some political emigrants, primarily [[w:Cossack|Cossack]]s, settled in [[Turkey]] and in Western Europe. In 1775, after the fall of the [[w:Zaporozhian Sich|Zaporozhian Sich]] to the Russian Empire, some more of the Cossacks emigrated to [[w:Dobruja|Dobruja]] in the Ottoman Empire (now in Romania), while others settled in Volga and Ural regions of the Russian Empire. In the second half of the 18th century, Ukrainians from the [[w:Zakarpattia Oblast|Transcarpathian]] Region formed agricultural settlements in Hungary, primarily in the [[w:Backa|Backa]] and [[w:Srem District|Srem]] regions. Both these places are currently located in the [[w:Vojvodina|Vojvodina]] Region of the [[w:Republic of Serbia|Republic of Serbia]]. In time, Ukrainian settlements emerged in the major European capitals, including [[w:Vienna|Vienna]], [[w:Budapest|Budapest]], Rome and [[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]. In 1880, the Ukrainian diaspora consisted of approximately 1.2 million people, which represented approximately 4.6% of all Ukrainians, and was distributed as follows: *0.7 million Ukrainians in the European part of the [[w:Russian Empire|Russian Empire]]; *0.2 million Ukrainians in [[w:Austro-Hungary|Austro-Hungary]]; *0.1 million Ukrainians in the Asian part of the Russian Empire; *0.1 million Ukrainians in the United States. ===1880-1920=== [[File:Ukrainians in Austro-Hungarian Monarchy 1890 Prnjavor Bosnia.JPG|right|thumb|250px|Ukrainians in [[w:Austro-Hungarian Monarchy|Austro-Hungarian Monarchy]] 1890, modern [[w:Prnjavor|Prnjavor]].]] [[File:Green Ukraine - Zeleny Klyn - Russian Federation.jpg|right|thumb|250px|[[Green Ukraine]] - Ukrainian historical name of the land in the Russian Far East area.]] In the last quarter of the 19th century due to the agrarian resettlement, a massive emigration of Ukrainians from Austro-Hungary to the Americas and from the Russian Empire to the Urals and Asia ([[w:Siberia|Siberia]] and [[w:Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]]) occurred. A secondary movement was the emigration under the auspices of the Austro-Hungarian government of 10,000 Ukrainians from [[w:Galicia (Central Europe)|Galicia]] to [[w:Bosnia (region)|Bosnia]]. Furthermore due to Russian agitation, 15,000 Ukrainians left Galicia and [[w:Bukovina|Bukovina]] and settled in Russia. Most of these settlers later returned. Finally in the Russian Empire, some Ukrainians from the [[w:Chełm|Chełm]] and [[w:Podlaskie|Podlaskie]] regions, as well as most of the Jews, emigrated to the Americas. Some of the Ukrainians that left their homeland returned. For example, from the 393,000 Ukrainians that emigrated to the United States of America, 70,000 Ukrainians returned. Most of the emigrants to the United States of America worked in the construction and mining industries. Many worked in the US on a temporary basis, to earn [[w:remittances|remittances]]. In the 1890s, Ukrainian agricultural settlers emigrated to first to [[w:Brazil|Brazil]], and [[w:Argentina|Argentina]]. However, the writings of Galician professor and nationalist Dr. [[w:Joseph Oleskiw|Joseph Oleskiw]] were influential in redirecting that flow to Canada. He visited an already-established Ukrainian [[w:block settlement|block settlement]], which had been founded by [[w:Iwan Pylypow|Iwan Pylypow]], and met with Canadian immigration officials. His two pamphlets on the subject praised the United States as a place for wage labour, but stated that Canada was the best place for agricultural settlers to obtain free land. By contrast he was fiercely critical of the treatment Ukrainian settlers had received in South America. After his writings, the slow trickle of Ukrainians to Canada, greatly increased. Before the start of the First World War, almost 500,000 Ukrainians emigrated to the Americas. This can be broken down by country as follows: * to the United States of America: almost 350,000 Ukrainians; * to Canada: almost 100,000 Ukrainians; * to Brazil and Argentina: almost 50,000 Ukrainians. In 1914, the Ukrainian diaspora in the Americas was about 700-750 thousand people, located as follows: * 500-550 thousand Ukrainians in the United States of America; * almost 100 thousand Ukrainians in Canada; * approximately 50 thousand Ukrainians in Brazil; * 15-20 thousand Ukrainians in Argentina. Most of the emigrates to the Americas belonged to the [[w:Greek Catholic Church|Greek Catholic Church]]. This led to the creation of Greek Catholic bishops in Canada and the United States of America. The need for solidarity lead to the creation of Ukrainian religious, political, and social organisations. These new Ukrainian organisations maintained links with the homeland, from which books, media, priests, cultural figures, and new ideas arrived. Furthermore, local influence, as well as influence from their homeland, led to the process of a national re-awakening. At times, the diaspora was ahead of their times in this re-awakening. It should be noted that the emigrants from the Transcarpathian and [[w:Lemko|Lemko]] regions created their own organisations and had their own separate Greek Catholic church hierarchy ([[w:Ruthenian Catholic Church|Ruthenian Catholic Church]]). These emigrants are often considered to be [[w:Rusyns|Rusyns]] or Ruthenians and are considered by some to be distinct from other Ukrainians. However in Argentina and Brazil, immigrants from Transcarpathia and Lemkivshchyna did identify themselves as Ukrainians. The majority of the Ukrainian diaspora in the Americas focused on freeing the nation and obtaining independence. Thus, during the First World War and the fight for freedom in Ukraine (1919–1920), the Ukrainian diaspora in the United States of America and Canada actively sought to get the governments to support their cause. An interesting note is the role the Ruthenians played to convince the United States' government to unite in 1919, the Transcarpathian region with the [[w:Czechoslovak Republic|Czechoslovak Republic]]. The Ukrainian diaspora sent delegates to the [[w:Paris Peace Conference, 1919|Paris Peace Conference]]. On the other hand, the Ukrainian diaspora in the Russian Empire, and especially in Asia, was primarily agrarian. After 1860, the diaspora was primarily located in the Volga and Ural Regions, while in the last quarter of that century, due to a lack of space for settlement, the diaspora expanded into Western [[w:Siberia|Siberia]], [[w:Turkestan|Turkestan]], the [[w:Far East|Far East]], and even into the [[w:Zeleny Klyn|Zeleny Klyn]]. In the 1897 census, in the Russian Empire, there were 1,560,000 Ukrainians divided as follows: *In the European part of the empire: 1,232,000 Ukrainians **In the Volga and Urals: 393,000 Ukrainians; **In the non-Ukrainian (ethnographically speaking) parts of [[w:Kursk|Kursk]] and [[w:Voronezh|Voronezh]] Regions: 232,000 Ukrainians; **Almost 150,000 Ukrainians in [[w:Bessarabia|Bessarabia]]. *In the Asian part of the empire: 311,000 Ukrainians **In the Caucasus region: 117,000 Ukrainians. In the next decades, Ukrainian emigration to Asia increased (almost 1.5 million Ukrainians emigrated), so that in 1914 there were almost 2 million Ukrainians in the Asian part of the Russian Empire. In all of the Russian empire, there was a Ukrainian diaspora of 3.4 million Ukrainians. Most of this population was assimilated due to a lack of national awareness and closeness with the local Russian population, especially in religion. Unlike the emigrants from Austro-Hungary, the Ukrainian emigrants in the Russian Empire did not create their own organisations nor were there many interactions with their homeland. Only, the revolution of 1917 allowed the creation of Ukrainian organisations, which were linked with the national and political rebirth in Ukraine. ===1920-1945=== ====First major political emigration==== The First World War and the [[w:Russian Civil War|Russian Civil War]] led to the first massive political emigration, which strengthened the existing Ukrainian communities by infusing them with members from political, scientific, and cultural backgrounds. Furthermore, some of these new emigrants formed Ukrainian communities in Western and Central Europe. Thus, new communities were created in the Czechoslovakia, Germany, Poland, France, Belgium, Austria, Romania, and Yugoslavia. The largest was in [[w:Prague|Prague]], which was considered one of the centres of Ukrainian culture and political life (after [[w:Lviv|Lviv]] and [[w:Kraków|Kraków]]). This group of emigrants created many different organisations and movements associated with corresponding groups in the battle for independence. A few Ukrainian universities were founded. Furthermore, many of these organisations were associated with the exiled Ukrainian government, the [[w:Ukrainian People's Republic|Ukrainian People's Republic]]. During the 1920s, the [[w:new diaspora|new diaspora]] maintained links with the Soviet Ukraine. A Sovietophile movement appeared, whereby former opponents of the Bolsheviks began to argue that Ukrainians should support the Soviet Ukraine. Some argued that they should do so because the Soviet republics were the leaders of international revolution, while others claimed that the Bolsheviks' social and national policies benifted Ukraine. This movement included [[w:Mykhailo Hrushevskyi|Mykhailo Hrushevskyi]], [[w:Volodymyr Vynnychenko|Volodymyr Vynnychenko]] and [[w:Yevhen Petrushevych|Yevhen Petrushevych]]. Many émigrés, for example Mykhailo Hrushevskyi, returned and helped the Bolsheviks implement their policy of Ukrainianisation. However, the abandonment of Ukrainianisation, the return to collectivisation and the man-made famine of 1932-3 ended this tendency.<ref>Christopher Gilley, ''The 'Change in Signposts' in the Ukrainian Emigration. A Contribution to the History of Sovietophilism in the 1920s'', Stuttgart: Ibidem, 2009</ref> Most of the links were broken, with the exception of some Sovietophile organisations in Canada and the United States of America.<ref>John Kolasky, ''The Shattered Illusion. The History of Ukrainian Pro-Communist Organizations in Canada'', Toronto: PMA Books</ref> On the other hand, the Canadian and American diaspora maintained links with the Ukrainian community in Galicia and the Transcarpathian Region. The political emigration decreased in the middle 1920s due to a return to the homeland and a decline in students studying at the Ukrainian universities. ====Economic emigration==== In 1920-1921, Ukrainians left Western Ukraine to settle in the Americas and Western Europe. Most of the emigrates settled in Argentina, Brazil, [[w:Uruguay|Uruguay]], [[w:Paraguay|Paraguay]], France, the UK and Belgium. The economic crisis of the early 1930s stopped most of the emigration. Later, the emigration picked up. The number of emigrants can be approximated as: *to Canada: almost 70,000 Ukrainians; *to Argentina: 50,000 Ukrainians; *to France: 35,000 Ukrainians; *to the United States of America: 15,000 Ukrainians; *to Brazil: 10,000 Ukrainians; *to Paraguay and Uruguay: a couple of thousand Ukrainians. Furthermore, many Ukrainians left the Ukrainian SSR and settled in Asia due to political and economic factors, primarily collectivisation and the famine of 1920. ==== Size ==== The Ukrainian diaspora, outside of the Soviet Union, was 1.7-1.8 million people, divided by place as follows: * In the Americas: ** In the United States of America: 700-800 thousand Ukrainians ** In Canada: 250 thousand Ukrainians ** In Argentina: 220 thousand Ukrainians ** In Brazil: 80 thousand Ukrainians * In Western and Central Europe: ** In Romania (almost all in Bessarabia): 350 thousand Ukrainians ** In Poland: 100 thousand Ukrainians ** In France: 40 thousand Ukrainians ** In Yugoslavia: 40 thousand Ukrainians ** In Czechoslovakia: 35 thousand Ukrainians ** In other countries: 15-20 thousand Ukrainians According to the soviet census of 1926, there were 3,450,000 Ukrainians living outside of the [[w:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]], divided as follows: * In the European part of the Soviet Union: 1,310,000 Ukrainians ** 242,000 Ukrainians living on land neighbouring the Ukrainian ethnic territory ** 771,000 Ukrainians in the Volga and Ural regions * In the Asian part of the Soviet Union: 2,138,000 Ukrainians ** 861,000 Ukrainians in [[w:Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]] ** 830,000 Ukrainians in Siberia ** 315,000 Ukrainians in the Far East ** 64,000 Ukrainians in [[w:Kyrgyzstan|Kyrgyzstan]] ** 33,000 Ukrainians in the Central Asian Republic ** 35,000 Ukrainians in the Caucasus Region. In Asia, the vast majority of the Ukrainians lived in the Central Asian region and in the Zeleny Klyn. On January 1, 1933, there were about 4.5 million Ukrainians (larger than the official figures) in the Soviet Union outside of the Ukrainian SSR, while in America there were 1.1-1.2 million Ukrainians. In 1931, the Ukrainian diaspora can be counted as follows: {{center|'''Ukrainian Diaspora in 1931'''}} {| border="1" | '''Country''' | '''Number (thousands)''' |- |Soviet Republics |9,020 |- |Poland |6,876 |- |Romania |1,200 |- |USA |750 |- |Czechoslovakia |650 |- |Canada |400 |- |Rest |368.5 |- |In all |19,264.5 |} In the Ukrainian SSR, there were 25,300,278 Ukrainians. ===1945-1991=== ====Outside the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe==== The Ukrainian diaspora increased after 1945 due to a second wave of political emigrants. The 250,000 Ukrainians at first settled in Germany and Austria. In the latter half of the 1940s and early 1950s, these Ukrainians were resettled in many different countries creating new Ukrainian settlements in Australia, [[w:Venezuela|Venezuela]], and for a time being in [[w:Tunisia|Tunisia]] ([[w:Ben-Metir|Ben-Metir]]), as well as re-enforcing previous settlements in the United States of America, Canada (primarily [[w:Toronto|Toronto]], [[w:Ontario|Ontario]] and [[w:Montreal|Montreal]], [[w:Quebec|Quebec]]), Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay. In Europe, there remained between 50,000 and 100,000 Ukrainians that settled in the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, and the Netherlands. This second wave of emigrants re-invigorated Ukrainian organisations in the Americas and Western Europe. In 1967, in [[w:New York|New York]], the [[w:World Congress of Free Ukrainians|World Congress of Free Ukrainians]] was created. Scientific organisations were created. There was created an Institute of Ukrainian Studies at Harvard. An attempt was made to unite the various religious organisations (Orthodox and Greek Catholic). However, this did not succeed. In the early 1970s, the Ukrainian Orthodox Church in the United States of America and the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church in Europe, South America, and Australia managed to unite. Most of the other Orthodox churches maintained with each other some religious links. The Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church had to wait until 1980 until its synod was recognised by the [[w:Holy See|Vatican]]. The Ukrainian Evangelical and Baptist churches also created an All-Ukrainian Evangelical-Baptist Union. ====Within the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe==== During the latter Soviet time there was a strong net migration in the USSR. Most of the Ukrainian contingent that was leaving the Ukrainian SSR for other areas of the Union settled in places with other migrants. The cultural separation from Ukraine proper meant that many were to form the so called "multicultural soviet nation". In Siberia, 82% of Ukrainian entered mixed marriages, primarily with Russians. This meant that outside the parent national republic there was little or no provision for continuing a diaspora function. Thus only in large cities such as Moscow would Ukrainian literature and television could be found. At the same time other Ukrainian cultural heritage such as clothing and national foods were preserved. According to Soviet sociologist, 27% of the Ukrainians in Siberia read Ukrainian printed material and 38% used the Ukrainian language. From time to time, Ukrainian groups would visit Siberia. Nonetheless most of the Ukrainians did assimilate. In Eastern Europe, the Ukrainian diaspora can be divided as follows: *In Poland: 200-300 thousand Ukrainians *In Czechoslovakia: 120-150 thousand Ukrainians *In Romania: 100-150 thousand Ukrainians *In Yugoslavia: 45-50 thousand Ukrainians. In all these countries, Ukrainians had the status of a minority nation with their own socio-cultural organisations, schools, and press. The degree of these rights varied from country to country. They were greatest in Yugoslavia. The largest Ukrainian diaspora was in Poland. It consisted of those Ukrainians, which *were left in the western parts of Galicia that after the Second World War remained in Poland and had not emigrated to the Ukrainian SSR or resettled; and *were resettled to the western and northern parts of Poland, which before the Second World War had been part of Germany. Ukrainians in Czechoslovakia lived in the [[w:Prešov Region|Prešov Region]], which can be considered Ukrainian ethnographic territory, and had substantial rights. The Ukrainians in the Prešov Region had their own church organisation. Ukrainians in Romania lived in the Romanian parts of Bukovina and the [[w:Maramures historical region|Maramureş]] Region, as well as in scattered settlements throughout Romania. Ukrainians in Yugoslavia lived primarily in Bancka and Srem regions of [[w:Vojvodina|Vojvodina]] and Bosnia. These Ukrainians had their own church organisation as the [[w:Eparchy of Križevci|Eparchy of Križevci]]. ==== Size ==== Of the countries where the Ukrainian diaspora had settled, only in Canada and the Soviet Union were information about ethnic background collected. However, the data from the Soviet Union is suspect and underestimates the number of Ukrainians. In 1970, the Ukrainian diaspora can be given as follows: * In the Soviet Union: officially 5.1 million Ukrainians ** In the European part: 2.8 million Ukrainians ** In the Asian part: 2.3 million Ukrainians * In Eastern Europe (outside of the Soviet Union): 465-650 thousand Ukrainians ** In Czechoslovakia: 120-150 thousand Ukrainians ** In Poland: 200-300 thousand Ukrainians ** In Romania: 100-150 thousand Ukrainians ** In Yugoslavia: 45-50 thousand Ukrainians * In Central and Eastern Europe: 88-107 thousand Ukrainians ** In Austria: 4-5 thousand Ukrainians ** In Germany: 20-25 thousand Ukrainians ** In France: 30-35 thousand Ukrainians ** In Belgium: 3-5 thousand Ukrainians ** In the United Kingdom: 50-100 thousand Ukrainians * In the Americas and Australia: 2,181-2,451 thousand Ukrainians: ** In the USA: 1,250-1,500 thousand Ukrainians ** In Canada: 581 thousand Ukrainians ** In Brazil: 120 thousand Ukrainians ** [[w:Ukrainians of Argentina|In Argentina]]: 180-200 thousand Ukrainians ** In Paraguay: 10 thousand Ukrainians ** In Uruguay: 8 thousand Ukraininas ** In other American countries: 2 thousand Ukrainians ** [[w:Ukrainians of Australia|In Australia]] and [[w:New Zealand|New Zealand]]: 30 thousand Ukrainians. For the Soviet Union, it can be assumed that about 10-12 million people of Ukrainian (7-9 million in Asia) heritage live outside the Ukrainian SSR. === After 1991 === After the independence of Ukraine, many Ukrainians have emigrated to Portugal, Spain, the Czech Republic, Russia, and Italy due to the uncertain economic and political situation at home. Many Jewish-Ukrainians or Ukrainians with some Jewish ancestry also immigrated to [[w:Israel|Israel]]. Many Ukrainians live in Russia along the Ukrainian border. In 1990s, the number of Ukrainians living in the Russian Federation was calculated to be around 5 million.<ref>''Democratic Changes and Authoritarian Reactions in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova'' By Karen Dawisha, Bruce Parrott. Cambridge University Press, 1997 {{#isbn:0521597323}}, {{#isbn:9780521597326}}. p. 332</ref> These regions, where Ukrainians live, can be subdived into 2 categories: Regions along the mixed Ukrainian-Russian border territory and those regions mixed Ukrainian-Belarusian-Russian{{Citation needed|date=March 2007}} territory: # *The northern part of [[w:Sloboda Ukraine|Sloboda Ukraine]] # *Northern part of the former [[w:Chernigov Governorate|Chernigov Governorate]]. # The rest of Russia, formed from systematic migration since the start of the 19th century. Ukrainians can also be found in parts of Romanian and [[w:Slovakia|Slovakia]] that border Ukraine. The size of the Ukrainian diaspora has changed over time due to the following factors: *Growth Factors *#New emigration from Ukraine *#Natural Growth *Decrease Factors *#Returning of emigrants to Ukraine *#Assimilation In 2004, the Ukrainian diaspora was distributed as follows: {{center|'''Ukrainian diaspora (2004)'''}} {| border="1" | '''Country''' | '''Number (thousands)''' | '''Many Areas of Settlement''' |- | Russia | 2.942-4.379<ref>[http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/publish/article%3Fart_id=236194&cat_id=32672 Total number of Ukrainians in Russia is 4 379 690 people.]</ref><ref>[http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control%5Cuk%5Cpublish%5Carticle?art_id=169709&cat_id=31295 Загальна чисельність українців у Росії становить 4 379 690 осіб.]</ref><ref>[http://www.culturalpolicies.net/web/ukraine.php?aid=246 The largest Ukrainian Diaspora is located in Russia, with a population of 4 379 690.]</ref> | In the regions of [[w:Kursk|Kursk]], [[w:Voronezh|Voronezh]], [[w:Saratov|Saratov]], [[w:Samara, Russia|Samara]], [[w:Astrakhan|Astrakhan]], [[w:Vladivostok|Vladivostok]] and the [[w:Don River (Russia)|Don River]]. From [[w:Orenburg|Orenburg]] to the Pacific Ocean, in the [[w:Primorsky Krai|Primorsky Krai]] along the [[w:Ussuri River|Ussuri River]], and in the [[w:Amur Oblast|Amur Oblast]] ("[[w:Zeleny Klyn|Zeleny Klyn]]") |- | Kazakhstan | 896.2-2,400 | In the north and urban areas |- | USA | 500-2,000 | States: [[w:Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]], New York, [[w:New Jersey|New Jersey]], [[w:Massachusetts|Massachusetts]], [[w:Connecticut|Connecticut]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]], [[w:Illinois|Illinois]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]], [[w:Minnesota|Minnesota]], [[w:Maryland|Maryland]], [[w:Florida|Florida]], [[w:California|California]], [[w:Texas|Texas]], and [[w:Wisconsin|Wisconsin]] |- | Canada | 1,000 | Provinces: [[w:Ontario|Ontario]], [[w:Alberta|Alberta]], [[w:Manitoba|Manitoba]], [[w:Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]], [[w:Quebec|Quebec]], and [[w:British Columbia|British Columbia]] |- | Brazil | 1,000 | States: [[w:Paraná (state)|Paraná]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]], [[w:Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]], and [[w:Rio Grande do Sul|Rio Grande do Sul]] |- | [[w:Moldova|Moldova]] | 600.4-650 | [[w:Transnistria|Transnistria]], [[w:Chişinău|Chişinău]] |- | Poland | 360-500 | Regions: Western and northern parts of Poland (voivoideships of [[w:Olsztyn|Olsztyn]], [[w:Szczecin|Szczecin]], [[w:Wrocław|Wrocław]], [[w:Gdańsk|Gdańsk]], and [[w:Poznań|Poznań]]) |- | [[w:Greece|Greece]] | 350-360 | Regions: Northern Greece, [[w:Thessaloniki|Thessaloniki]], [[w:Athens|Athens]] |- | [[w:Italy|Italy]] | 320-350 | Regions: North Italy, [[w:Naples|Naples]], [[w:Sicily|Sicily]] |- | [[w:Belarus|Belarus]] | 291-500 | Brest Oblast |- | Argentina | 100-250 | Provinces: [[w:Buenos Aires Province|Buenos Aires]], [[w:Misiones|Misiones]], [[w:Chaco Province|Chaco]], [[w:Mendoza, Argentina|Mendoza]], [[w:Formosa Province|Formosa]], [[w:Córdoba (Argentina)|Córdoba]], and [[w:Río Negro Province|Río Negro]] |- | [[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]] | 153.2 | Urban Centres |- | Kyrgystan | 108 | Urban Centres |- | Paraguay | 102 | Regions: in the area of Colonia Fram, Sandov, Nuevo Volyn, Bohdanivky, and Tarasivky |- | Slovakia | 40-100 | Regions: Eastern Slovakia, [[w:Prešov|Prešov]] |- | [[w:Latvia|Latvia]] | 92 | Urban Centres |- | Romania | 61-90<ref>Romanian National Institute of Statistics, 2002 census, ''[http://www.recensamant.ro/pagini/tabele/t40.pdf "Populaţia după etnie"]''</ref> | Regions: Southern Bukovina ([[w:Suceava|Suceava]] region), [[w:Maramureş|Maramureş]] region, [[w:Banat|Banat]], and [[w:Dobrogea|Dobrogea]] |- | former Yugoslavia | 60 | Regions: [[w:Vojvodina|Vojvodina]] ([[w:Backa|Backa]] Region), Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Croatia ([[w:Slavonia|Slavonia]]) |- | Portugal | 40-150 | [[w:Lisbon|Lisbon]] and surroundings, interior of the country |- | [[w:Georgia (country)|Georgia]] | 52.4 | Urban Centres |- | Czech Republic | 50 | [[w:Sudetenland|Sudetenland]] |- | [[w:Estonia|Estonia]] | 48 | Urban Centres |- | [[w:Lithuania|Lithuania]] | 44 | Urban Centres |- | [[w:Turkmenistan|Turkmenistan]] | 35.6 | Urban Centres |- | France | 35 | Regions: Central, Eastern, Southwestern, and Northwestern France |- | United Kingdom | 35 | Counties: [[w:Greater London|Greater London]], [[w:Lancashire|Lancashire]], [[w:Yorkshire|Yorkshire]], as well as Central and Northern England and Scotland |- | Australia | 35 | States/territories: [[w:New South Wales|New South Wales]], [[w:Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], [[w:Western Australia|Western Australia]], [[w:South Australia|South Australia]], [[w:Queensland|Queensland]] and [[w:Australian Capital Territory|ACT]] |- | [[w:Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]] | 32.3 | Urban Centres |- | Germany | 22 | States: [[w:Bavaria|Bavaria]], [[w:Baden-Württemberg|Baden-Württemberg]], [[w:Hesse|Hesse]], [[w:North Rhine-Westphalia|North Rhine-Westphalia]], and [[w:Lower Saxony|Lower Saxony]] |- | Uruguay | 10 | Regions: [[w:Montevideo|Montevideo]], [[w:San José, Uruguay|San José]], and [[w:Paysandú|Paysandú]] |- | [[w:Armenia|Armenia]] | 8.3 | Urban Centres |- | Austria | 6 | Region: [[w:Vienna|Vienna]] and surroundings |- | Bulgaria | 5-6 | Region: [[w:Sofia|Sofia]], [[w:Plovdiv|Plovdiv]], [[w:Dobrich|Dobrich]] and other big cities in [[w:Bulgaria|Bulgaria]] |- | Belgium | 5 | Region: Central and Eastern Belgium |- | Hungary | 3 | Region: The [[w:Tisza|Tysa]] River Basin |- | Venezuela | 3 | Region: [[w:Caracas|Caracas]], [[w:Valencia, Carabobo|Valencia]], Maracan |- | New Zealand | 2 | Regions: [[w:Christchurch|Christchurch]], [[w:Auckland|Auckland]], [[w:Wellington|Wellington]] |- |Chile |1.0-1.5? {{Citation needed|date=June 2011}} |Region: [[w:Santiago, Chile|Santiago, Chile]] |- | Netherlands | 0.6 | Region: on the border with Germany |- |} ==See also== * [[w:Ukrainian World Congress|Ukrainian World Congress]] * [[w:Shevchenko Scientific Society|Shevchenko Scientific Society]] * [[w:Ukrainians|Ukrainians]] * [[w:Ukrainian Village, Chicago|Ukrainian Village, Chicago]] * [[w:Ukrainians of Argentina|Ukrainians of Argentina]] * [[w:Ukrainians in Kuban|Ukrainians in Kuban]] * [[w:Ukrainians in Russia|Ukrainians in Russia]] * [http://ukrainianinstitute.org.uk/ Ukrainian Institute in London] ==Notes== {{reflist}} ==References== {{Citation style|date=September 2009}} * Based on the August 17, 2006 Ukrainian version of the article * L Y Luciuk, ''Searching for Place: Ukrainian Displaced Persons, Canada and the Migration of Memory'' (University of Toronto Press, 2001 * ''Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopaedia''. - Toronto, 1971 * {{uk icon}} ''Український Науковий Ін-т Гарвардського Ун-ту.'' Українці в американському та канадійському суспільствах. Соціологічний збірник, за ред. В.Ісаєва. - Cambridge, 1976 * {{ru icon}} ''Томилов И.'' Современные этнические процессы в южных и центральных зонах Сибири. // Советская Этнография, 4, 1978 * {{uk icon}} ''Кубійович В.'' Укр. діяспора в СССР в світлі переписів населення // Сучасність, ч. (210). - Munich, 1978 * {{uk icon}} Енциклопедія українознавства ==Online references== {{Citation style|date=September 2009}} *''"Ukrainians abroad have a more developed sense of patriotism..."'' ''[[w:Zerkalo Nedeli|Zerkalo Nedeli]]'' (the ''Mirror Weekly''), November 27 - December 3, 2004. Available online [http://www.zerkalo-nedeli.com/nn/show/523/48455/ in Russian] and [http://www.zn.kiev.ua/ie/show/523/48455/ in Ukrainian]. '''* [http://www.ukrainians.ca - ДІАСПОРА : Українці в Канаді та Штатах]''' * [http://etno.iatp.org.ua/lib/szokalo.html Україна та українське зарубіжжя] * [http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com Encyclopedia of Ukraine] * http://www.kobza.com.ua * http://ukrainianworldcongress.org * [http://quebec-ukraine.com/cgi-bin/l/links.cgi?kat=a5 Українці за кордоном] * [http://ukruss.com/am/UkrAm.htm Чисельність українців в США] * [http://ukruss.com/uv/diaspora.htm Оціночна чисельність українців по країнах світу і перелік мережевих майданів зарубіжжя] * [http://ykraintsi.com -Українці в США - Ukrainians in USA] * [http://ukrainiannewyork.com -Українці в Нью-Йорку - Ukrainians in New York] * [http://www.edinburghukrainians.co.uk - The Association of Ukrainians in Great Britain, Edinburgh Branch] * [http://ukrpressbg.com/ - Ukrainians in Bulgaria] * [http://www.byku.info/ - "Byku" - Youth Club of the Ukrainians in Bulgaria] * [http://ukrainianinstitute.org.uk/ - Ukrainian Institute in London] * [http://www.ukrgenealogy.com/ - Ukrainian Genealogical Research Bureau] {{Ukrainian diaspora}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ukrainian Diaspora}} [[Category:Book:Ukrainian|diaspora]] [[w:Category:Foreign relations of Ukraine|Category:Foreign relations of Ukraine]] [[w:Category:Ukrainian-speaking countries and territories|Category:Ukrainian-speaking countries and territories]] [[w:Category:Ukrainian studies|Category:Ukrainian studies]] [[w:be:Украінская дыяспара|be:Украінская дыяспара]] [[w:hr:Ukrajinska dijaspora|hr:Ukrajinska dijaspora]] [[w:ru:Украинская диаспора|ru:Украинская диаспора]] [[w:uk:Українська діаспора|uk:Українська діаспора]] i49kinq60iow7wfyl65qudc3nevt00w 0 266652 4634490 4084987 2026-05-06T18:49:43Z ~2026-27427-36 3581757 /* Blogging niches */ Added a Major blogger from the rest of the word who incites on all global activity. 4634490 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOTOC__ = Blogs, Microblogs and Podcasts = In this class we will heavily use blogs and microblogs. They are a big help in documenting and in communicating. We may also record the lectures and post them on YouTube. == Blogs == In previous centuries, people wrote personal, private diaries. In our day and age this has become the public blog. The Wikipedia says that :"A blog (web log) is a personal journal published on the World Wide Web consisting of discrete entries ("posts") typically displayed in reverse chronological order so the most recent post appears first." <ref name="r4">Blog, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blog</ref> The spectrum of blogs is very wide, ranging from personal blogs, corporate blogs and journalism blogs (’citizen journalism’ <ref name="r3">Citizen journalism, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizen_journalism</ref>). In the exercises you will learn how to write your own blog in case you haven’t started one already. === The History of Blogging === While the term "blog" was not coined until the late 1990s, the history of blogging starts with several digital precursors to it. ==== 1983–1993 ==== At this time Usenet was the primary serial medium included in the original definition of the Internet. It featured moderated newsgroup which allowed all posting in a newsgroup to be under the control of an individual or small group. In the early 1990s, when Tim Berners-Lee coined the term "world wide web" and defined the first standards for HTML and URLs, the specifications although included "USENET newsgroups for serial publishing and discussions." ==== 1994–2001 ==== The modern blog itself evolved from the online diary, where people would keep a running account of their personal lives. The first weblogs were simply manually updated components of common websites. However, the evolution of tools to facilitate the production and maintenance of web articles posted in reverse chronological order made the publishing process feasible to a much larger, less technical, population. Ultimately, this resulted in the distinct class of online publishing that produces blogs we recognize today. For instance, the use of some sort of browser-based software is now a typical aspect of "blogging". Blogs can be hosted by dedicated blog hosting services, or they can be run using blog software, such as WordPress, Movable Type, Blogger or LiveJournal, or on regular web hosting services. The term "weblog" was first-used by Jorn Barger on 17 December 1997. The (“more popular”) short form, "blog," was coined by Peter Merholz, who jokingly broke the word weblog into the phrase we blog in the sidebar of his blog Peterme.com in April or May 1999. Shortly thereafter, Evan Williams atPyra Labs used "blog" as both a noun and verb ("to blog," meaning "to edit one's weblog or to post to one's weblog") and devised the term "blogger" in connection with Pyra Labs' Blogger product, leading to the popularization of the terms. After a slow start, blogging rapidly gained in popularity. Blog usage spread during 1999 and the years following, being further popularized by the near-simultaneous arrival of the first hosted blog tools: Blogging combined the personal web page with tools to make linking to other pages easier — specifically permalinks, blogrolls and TrackBacks. This, together with weblog search engines enabled bloggers to track the threads that connected them to others with similar interests. ==== 2001–2004 ==== By 2001, blogging was enough of a phenomenon that how-to manuals began to appear, primarily focusing on technique. The importance of the blogging community (and its relationship to larger society) increased rapidly. Established schools of journalism began researching blogging and noting the differences between journalism and blogging. Since 2002, blogs have gained increasing notice and coverage for their role in breaking, shaping, and spinning news stories. The Iraq war saw bloggers taking measured and passionate points of view that go beyond the traditional left-right divide of the political spectrum. Blogging was established by politicians and political candidates to express opinions on war and other issues and cemented blogs' role as a news source. Meanwhile, an increasing number of experts blogged, making blogs a source of in-depth analysis. Blogging was used to draw attention to obscure news sources. For example, bloggers posted links to traffic cameras in Madrid as a huge anti-terrorism demonstration filled the streets in the wake of the March 11 attacks. Bloggers began to provide nearly-instant commentary on televised events, creating a secondary meaning of the word "blogging": to simultaneously transcribe and editorialize speeches and events shown on television. Real-time commentary is sometimes referred to as "liveblogging." ==== 2004–present ==== In 2004 Merriam-Webster (American dictionary) voted Blog the "Word of the Year" By 2010 about 8.4% of the german internet users had their own blog. Worldwide there were about 200 million Blogs and min. 200 free blog hoster === Technical Characteristics === ==== Software ==== Typical for most Weblog-Publishing-System is that it is very easy to publicate websites using them. They are Content-Management-System allowing you to create new content as well as changing and commenting for new and amateur users, without giving you a lot of variation in the Webdesign. Most the time the Design is only made once with the installation by choosing one of the designs patterns availabe. Most Blog systems allow you to change your Design later. You can choose whether you host your weblog-software from your own webspace or you use it via ASP-service from a free or charged host. Most famous blog-softwaresystems are Serendipity, WordPress, Movable Type and Textpattern, mostly using PHP. The most famous blog-hoster are Wordpress.com, Blogger.dom/Blogspot.com, Twoday.net or Blog.de ==== Elements ==== '''Posts/Postings''' The articles, which are the main component of a blog, are called posts or postings. They are usually listed chronologically in reversed order. '''Thread''' All posts made about one specified topic inside one Blog '''Comments''' Many blogs give you the opportunity to submit your opinion on a topic. This comment is then placed right on the same page as the original thread. On most Blogs you have the option whether you want to moderate the comment or you want to show them by instant. Moderating helps to avoid Spam or vandalism. '''Feed''' A Feed holds the whole content of a weblog in a unified form. It can be read and subscribed to via a feedreader. Best known formats are RSS and Atom '''Blogroll''' The Blogroll is a link collection open to everyone which refers to other weblogs. Normally it´s made clearly visible on the main page and all subpages. '''Tag Clouds''' Tag Clouds list and prioritise the tags used in the Blog in a very visual way. === The Blogosphere === The blogosphere is made up of all blogs and their interconnections. The term implies that blogs exist together as a connected community (or as a collection of connected communities) or as a social network in which everyday authors can publish their opinions. Since the term has been coined, it has been referenced in a number of media and is also used to refer to the Internet. There is no Study that can show a global view over the whole blogosphere === About the Bloggers === * In the german language area about 66% of all Bloggers are female but the men's blogs are the more read * It's nearly the same in the U.S * About 72% of the english-speaking bloggers write a personal Blog * Only about 28% write their blogs for the reason of commenting and giving Information. But they have the bigger audience and are the far more active bloggers === Blogging niches === '''Political blogs''' These blogs are often tied to a large media or news corporation, such as "The Caucus" (affiliated with The New York Times), "CNN Political Ticker", and the National Review's "The Corner." '''Gossip blogs''' These blogs can greatly be attributed to the popularity of Perez Hilton, a celebrity and entertainment media gossip blogger. His blog posts tabloid photographs of celebrities, accompanied by captions and comments. Web traffic to the often controversial and raunchy Perez Hilton site skyrocketed in 2005, prompting similar gossip blogs, such as TMZ.com, Jezebel,Dr. Cephcoh Ssefuko Ismail (born March 15, 2000), known professionally as Dr. Cephcoh, is a Ugandan biomedical engineer, digital content creator, and entrepreneur. He is recognized as a pioneer in the Ugandan TikTok community and for his contributions to medical physics and youth leadership. == Early life and education == Ssefuko Ismail was born in 2000 and attended Nateete Muslim High School. During his secondary education, he was active in public speaking, earning a certificate of appreciation as 2nd runner-up in a competition held by the Nateete Muslim Students' Association (NAMSA) during the 2014–2015 academic year. He also received recognition for outstanding performance in public speaking at the Annual Inter Muslim Students Association of Kampala (IMSAK) competition in March 2015. In 2018, Ssefuko completed a certificate in Introductory Physics for Biomedical Sciences at the Ernest Cook Ultrasound Research and Education Institute (ECUREI). He later earned a diploma in biomedical engineering. == Career == === Science and Engineering === Ssefuko's professional background is in the medical field, where he utilizes his training in biomedical engineering and medical physics to focus on healthcare technology and community impact.<ref>https://wallnetnews.com/digital-content-creator-and-biomedical-engineer-ssefuko-ismail-blends-science-leadership-to-drive-community-impact/</ref> === Media and Digital Content === Known professionally as Dr. Cephcoh, he joined TikTok in 2019, becoming a prominent figure in Uganda's digital creator economy. He was named the Power King TikTok Awards Best Male TikToker of the Year. In early 2026, he publicly cautioned fellow content creators against online abuse, highlighting the potential legal repercussions and the importance of digital etiquette.<ref>https://mbu.ug/2026/02/05/dr-cephco-cautions-creators-against-online-abuse-citing-legal-repercussions/</ref> In April 2026, Ssefuko's influence was further recognized during a public meeting with President Yoweri Museveni. The event was widely covered by Ugandan media as a defining moment for the recognition of digital influencers in the country.<ref>https://www.pulse.ug/story/dr-cephcohs-moment-from-tiktok-influence-to-meeting-president-museveni-2026041420381184734</ref><ref>https://exclusive.co.ug/dr-cephcoh-meets-museveni-a-defining-moment-for-ugandas-digital-influencers/</ref><ref>https://bigeyeuganda.com/dr-cephcohs-surprise-recognition-by-president-museveni-sparks-online-buzz/</ref> His presentation during the event was noted for its focus on the potential of the digital economy for Ugandan youth.<ref>https://www.thekampalareport.com/society/entertainment/2026041661621/digital-creator-dr-cephcoh-impresses-at-presidential-event.html</ref><ref>https://truelidnews.com /digital-creator-dr-cephcoh-impresses-at-presidential-event/</ref> === Entrepreneurship and Leadership === He is the founder of Cephcoh Management, a firm specializing in digital branding and talent management. Through this platform, he has advocated for social leadership and patriotism among many and the Superficial, to gain popularity. '''Food blogs''' These blogs allow foodies and aspiring chefs alike to share recipes, cooking techniques, and food porn, for others to enjoy. Food blogs serve as a sort of online cookbook for followers, often containing restaurant critiques, product reviews, and step-by-step photography for recipes. '''Fashion blogs''' These blogs became their own larger than life sub-community following the explosive growth of the blogosphere. Besides fashion news blogs, street style blogs have also become exceedingly popular. Many Bloggers consider updating their blog a full time job. These style mavens are able to earn considerable livings through advertising, selling their photos and even providing their services as photographers, stylists, and guest designers. '''Health blogs''' These blogs cover health topics, events and/or related content of the health industry and the general community. They can cover diverse health related concerns such as nutrition and diet, fitness, weight control, diseases, disease management, societal trends affecting health, analysis about health, business of health and health research. === Political Impact === * Human Rights Defenders especially in Iran or China write about censoring, human rights violations and the social or political states in their countries * Many politicians use blogs for their PR * Political bloggers like Alexey Navalny in Russia started to challenge the official pro-government media ending in Navalny being called "the man Vladimir Putin fears most" by the "Wall Street Journal" in March 2012 === Legal and Social Consequences === Blogging can result in a range of legal liabilities and other unforeseen consequences. '''Defamation or liability''' Several cases have been brought before the national courts against bloggers concerning issues of defamation or liability. U.S. payouts related to blogging totaled $17.4 million by 2009; in some cases these have been covered by umbrella insurance. The courts have returned with mixed verdicts. Internet Service Providers (ISPs), in general, are immune from liability for information that originates with third parties (U.S. Communications Decency Act and the EU Directive 2000/31/EC). '''Employment''' Employees who blog about elements of their place of employment can begin to affect the brand recognition of their employer. In general, attempts by employee bloggers to protect themselves by maintaining anonymity have proved ineffective. '''Political Dangers''' Blogging can sometimes have unforeseen consequences in politically sensitive areas. Blogs are much harder to control than broadcast or even print media. As a result, totalitarian and authoritarian regimes often seek to suppress blogs and/or to punish those who maintain them. '''Personal Safety''' One consequence of blogging is the possibility of attacks or threats against the blogger, sometimes without apparent reason. While a blogger's anonymity is often tenuous, Internet trolls who would attack a blogger with threats or insults can be emboldened by anonymity. '''Behavior''' Tim O'Reilly proposed the Blogger's Code of Conduct for bloggers to enforce civility on their blogs by being civil themselves and moderating comments on their blog. O'Reilly and others came up with a list of seven proposed ideas: # Take responsibility not just for your own words, but for the comments you allow on your blog. # Label your tolerance level for abusive comments. # Consider eliminating anonymous comments. # Ignore the trolls. # Take the conversation offline, and talk directly, or find an intermediary who can do so. # If you know someone who is behaving badly, tell them so. # Don't say anything online that you wouldn't say in person. === Activity: === # Take a look at some popular blogs and judge for yourself: Blogbar, Bildblog, Spreeblick, Basicthinking, Schockwellenreiter, Ehrensenf, Netzpolitik, Fefes Blog taken from <ref name="r2">The Ultimate Guide for Everything Twitter, www.webdesignerdepot.com/2009/03/the-ultimate-guide-for-everything-twitter/</ref>. # Use the blog search engine Technorati (http://technorati.com/) to search for ’social web’ or any other thing you may want to look for in blogs. == Microblogs == Microblogs are a relatively new phenomenon and are a special form of blogging. The most famous microblog is Twitter, but also alternatives like Tumblr or Google Buzz exist. The main idea behind a microblog is to restrict the size of a message to 140 characters. This comes from its original connection to texting (SMS) <ref name="r5">Text messaging, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_messaging</ref>. In todays society with its general tendency toward information overflow this is a welcome trend. This is also why it is very popular with mobile devices. Microblogging <ref name="r6">Microblogging, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microblogging</ref> is essentially a broadcast medium, meaning you write a message, which then will be broadcast to all your followers. It is not unusual that you also follow your followers. It can not only be used to exchange textual messages, but also links, images and videos. In our class we will use it to primarily communicate class announcements. === Messages === Sent messages, sometimes also referred to as “microposts”, can either be public, so for the whole world to see, or private, i.e. only viewable for a specified group of people. Depending on the service used these options are either preset, or can be changed in settings. As an example, when using twitter all your posts are public, while in Facebook you are able to decide for yourself with whom you’re going to share your news. You can even change publicity settings for every post individually right before sending. Microblog messages can be submitted via SMS, instant messengers, e-mail, digital audio or simply typed straight into the web interface, and will then be sent out by the service of your choice. One aspect that made microblogs popular as they are today for sure is mobility. Not being bound to a computer and instead being able to send out your message the moment you feel the need to has been one of the biggest selling points since the beginning. So it’s no big surprise that, when microblogs first became popular, one of the most common ways to submit messages was via SMS. And that however is the origin of the microblogs length restrictions, adjusting the size of microposts to traditional text messages. An additional theory says another reason of choosing the length of the traditional SMS was that people are used to consuming these short texts quickly and so would more easily adopt the new online equivalent. Nowadays clearly the most popular method of submitting is through the use of service-specific smartphone applications. Being able to quickly share messages, and pictures about events, experiences or whatever as they're happening is what really makes up the charm. === History === The first microblogs documented were known as tublelogs, and weren’t actually microblogs as we know them today. Moreover they were based on using the regular blog services, but instead of long meaningful posts they were simply being filled with hundreds of short, sometimes seeming randomly put together, text messages about the authors life, certain events or just about anything imaginable. From that example emerged basically all the microblog services we know today. In fact the idea was spreading like a wildfire so that by May 2007 there already existed 111 microblogging sites. Founded in March 2006, Twitter is today’s most popular pure microblog service, but also Tumblr, which is focused on posting and collecting pictures, is enjoying great popularity. But also social networks contain micropost features, usually referred to as “status update”. The most popular representatives here are Facebook and Google+. Twitter is sometimes being referred to as some type of time shifted instant messaging, since it doesn’t require you to be online and allows you to filter whose posts you want to receive. The posts content comes from a wide range of topics covering probably every aspect of life. The most popular and posted about are personal actions and interests as well as occurring events, be it organized or natural. Beyond that microblogs are also commonly used for communication and basic conversation. People share ideas with others of the same interests, concerns or professions. === Criticism === Critics say that the majority of microposts being sent only contain dull, meaningless messages documenting people eating, waiting, etc… But opposing this argument, it’s not every bit of information sent through these channels that is important, but the potential it has in general. For example it is the fastest way to spread news nowadays. In recent events there occurred several natural catastrophes and the first reports about what’s happening always reached people via twitter being posted by random people experiencing said events at the very moment. And that’s long before news stations were able to produce and publish/send their first reports. === Other services === There are a huge number of microblogging services similar to the ones mentioned above. Additionally there are free software packages that can be used to implement microblogging services inside a private network. The most popular ones here are identi.ca and present.ly, which are often used by companies to set up a new channel for intern communication. Services like Lifestream and Profilactic will aggregate microblogs from multiple social networks into a single list, while Ping.fm will send out your microblog to multiple networks and services. === Usage === As recent studies have shown 10% of Twitter users account for 86% of all activity on the network. Marketers running commercial microblogs for promotion of products, websites or simply their brand seem to be much more active and follow a lot more people than noncommercial equivalents. === Video === Finally for everyone interested in more about microblogs I’d like to recommend the video “[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ddO9idmax0o&feature=player_embedded Twitter in Plain English]”, where the phenomenon of Twitter gets explained easily understandable for everyone. == Podcasts == A podcast is a type of digital media consisting of an episodic series of audio or video files subscribed to and downloaded through web syndication or streamed online to a computer or mobile device. The word is a neologism derived from "broadcast" and "pod" from the success of the iPod, as podcasts are often listened to on portable media players. ===Variants:=== Video podcast: The same as a normal podcast, but it includes video. Podcast novels: A podcast novel is a mix of the traditional podcast and a format called audiobook. It’s like a traditional novel but it’s delivered via RSS. The recording process is made continuously. Every time an episode is done it will be released online. Podcast novels are distributed over the Internet, commonly on a weblog. Enhanced podcast: Enhanced podcast is also an expansion of the traditional podcast format. It includes some extra information like images displayed simultaneously. Links are also allowed to provide extra information and content. ===Platform:=== The most used platform is called iTunes. iTunes is a media player computer program, used for playing, downloading, saving, and organizing digital music content and video files on personal computers. It can also manage contents on iDevices. Other software not that popular is also available for different platforms. A list can be viewed on: http://www.buzzmaven.com/podcast-software-list.html#Macintosh_Podcast_Software. ===Most popular Podcasts in Germany:=== The most popular podcast(audio) on iTunes is actual because of the European championship, Jogis Jungs provided by SWR 3, a Bavarian radio station. 2nd is Quarks and Co(video podcast) a scientific TV format explaining the world from the eyes of a scientist. 3rd is Wissen macht Ah! the same format like the previous one from Westdeutscher Rundfunk. == Let's Play == 'Let's Play' is a form of 'User Generated Content' (UGC) like screenshots or videos showing people playing a video game === Presentation === It's up to the player to decide on how to present the gaming session. <ref>http://www.kstatecollegian.com/2013/04/18/fan-fiction-more-creative-than-most-people-think/</ref><br /> When using screenshots the presentation is done in a text form. The end result is quite similar to ordinary blogs or reviews.<br /> Presentation by video offers more opportunities. The player may opt between recording his own voice of comment the video with captions.<br /> Some players use both methods, audio for their own comments and captions as a comical relief. <ref>https://www.youtube.com/user/PointyHairedJedi</ref><br /> If the player wants to reach an international audience using the english language is a must. There are however players that limit themselves to an audience speaking the same language.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/user/SarazarLP</ref><br /> Sometimes distinguishing a 'Let's play' from a video blog isn't that easy. Some players add personal information in their videos or create a distinct series for this. <ref>https://www.youtube.com/user/BohemianEagle</ref> === Attractivity === People watch 'Let's plays' out of different reason.<ref>http://kotaku.com/5927191/the-joy-of-playing-video-games-without-actually-playing-them</ref> ==== Experience ==== The skill level among a player base differs greatly. Some may have difficulties with the game mechanics and so may not be able to experience some content of the game. Others may not have to time or patience for challenging different story lines. 'let's plays' offers these people an opportunity to experience this content. ==== Availability ==== The Audience gets the opportunity to see games that are no longer available on the local market or never have been available. The audience might also us the 'let's play' to decide if they want to purchase the game or not. ==== Comfort ==== It's easier for the audience to integrate a 'let's play' in their schedule. Some games don't allow the player to save the game at any place. The gamer has to advance to the next savepoint if he doesn't want to lose the achievements he made in the meantime. A video however can be paused anytime and be resumed later. === Distribution === Apart from recording a video and uploading it to video sharing services like youtube there is the possibility using a live stream. One of the most widely used services is Twitch.tv which is specialised in streaming video games. <ref>http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20110606005437/en/Justin.tv-Launches-TwitchTV-World%E2%80%99s-Largest-Competitive-Video</ref><br /> Youtube stated that 'let's plays' and 'walkthroughs' make out nearly 50% of their videos.<ref>http://kotaku.com/gamers-you-rely-on-youtube-642009402</ref> === Popularity === The number of subscribers of some 'let's players' now exceed the one of contemporary pop-stars <ref>http://kotaku.com/one-gamer-has-more-youtube-subscribers-than-rihanna-bi-1545208809</ref> end reaches two-digit millions. Success however is not guaranteed. Success is determined by how good you can present yourself and how skilled you are with the creating and editing videos. <ref>http://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/netzwirtschaft/let-s-play-guck-mal-wer-da-spielt-die-neue-youtube-masche-12126102.html</ref> === Economic Aspects === 'Let's plays' offer the opportunity to earn money.<ref>http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/video-games/10457250/Six-ways-to-make-money-playing-video-games.html</ref> In addition to earnings from ads services like twitch.tv offer further opportunities like subscriptions <ref>http://www.twitch.tv/p/partners</ref> or donations.<br /> <br /> The market in between has reached a size that makes it attractive to corporations.<br /> Twitch.tv was bought by Amazon for over 900 million US dollars.<ref>http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Video-Streaming-fuer-Gamer-Amazon-kauft-Twitch-fuer-rund-eine-Milliarde-Dollar-2302159.html</ref><br /> PC hardware manufacturers tweak their products to match the needs of 'let's players' and advertise this.<ref>http://www.golem.de/news/nvidia-shadowplay-ausprobiert-spielevideos-im-schatten-von-kepler-1310-102468.html</ref><br /> Game creators have mixed feelings about the topic. While some allow videos from their games <ref>http://worldoftanks.eu/en/content/docs/terms_of_service/</ref> others try to prohibit this <ref>http://www.golem.de/news/phil-fish-let-s-play-ist-im-grunde-piraterie-1406-107321.html</ref> or try to benefit from it. <ref>http://www.golem.de/news/mario-co-nintendo-will-nur-noch-anteil-an-let-s-play-gewinnen-1405-106803.html</ref>. <br /> Some 'let's players' are directly paid by game developers or are supported otherwise <ref>http://www.golem.de/news/let-s-player-es-gibt-spiele-fuer-die-man-bezahlt-wird-1407-107947.html</ref>. === Legal Aspects === In Germany the legal situation concerning 'let's plays' has yet not been clarified. The content of video games is protected by copyright, there is however no clarification if a 'let's player' needs the agreement of the entitled person to create videos out of the game. You can be on the safe side of you get the agreement in advance.<ref>http://spielerecht.de/lets-play-urheberrechtlich-kein-kinderspiel/</ref><br /> Some 'let's plays' are accompanied by commercial musics. Since this in most cases is a copyright violation service providers like twitch.tv are now blocking audio sections from affected videos.<ref>http://blog.twitch.tv/2014/08/3136/</ref> == Assignments == === Ex.1: Start your Blog === For your personal learning journal it makes sense to start a blog. If you already have one, and you want to use it that is fine. However, it may make sense to create a new one, just for this class. You may use any blog web site you like, only it should be publicly accessible, and it should allow others to leave comments. In case you have difficulties setting up a blog, check the ’HowTo’ pages. Note that your blog can be anonymous, but we the class need to know about your blog. My blog can be found under ’Social Web Ohm’ (http://socialwebohm.blogspot.com/). If you need more help, check out <ref name="r1">Blogger help, http://support.google.com/blogger/?hl=en</ref>. === Ex.2: Micro-Blogs: Twitter === For communications relating to the whole class we will be using Twitter. Follow the ’HowTo’ pages and see how to set up a Twitter account. Again, you may not want to use your real name for it. If you have already an account, you are more than welcome to use that. I have set up an account for the class: ’@SocialWebOhm’ (https://twitter.com/SocialWebOhm). Make sure you become a follower of that account, if you don’t know how to do that ask a friend. If you need some introduction / help with Twitter reference <ref name="r2"/> maybe a good starter. If your interested in some interesting Twits, reference <ref name="r8">13 “Twits” Who Will Change Your Perspective on Reality, mashable.com/2009/04/14/twitter-science/</ref> maybe interesting. === Ex.3: Podcasts === Read the wikipedia article on podcasts <ref name="r7">Podcast, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcasts</ref>. Find podcasts in an area that interests you and listen to one or two. Write about your favorite podcasts in your blog. <noinclude> == References == {{Reflist}} [[../Introduction|< previous]] [[../Collaboration|next >]] {{BookCat}} </noinclude> kf1xt99i81vhx6k3ezco3uj6kz6n12a 0 274498 4634485 4634294 2026-05-06T18:46:49Z Jeff1138 301139 4634485 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ArosNav}} ==Introduction== AROS supports hard disks and optical drives attached to several interfaces: * [[#NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)]] on the pci-e bus * [[#SATA]] aka Serial ATA or AHCI (IDE compatibility mode used in most cases) * IDE (also known as ATA, [[#PATA]] or Parallel ATA) * USB * SCSI limited ==PCI-e== ===NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)=== *Controller and firmware *DRAM better having if heavy workloads but not necessary for gaming *Cache like SLC HMB techniques *NAND (Main storage area with MLC, TLC or QLC versions of varying life expectancy) SSDs, USB flash drive, SD and Micro SD Cards have a limited amount of write cycles, therefore guaranteed to fail randomly and suddenly at any time. All SSDs are prone to corrupt firmware due to poor quality NAND where both the data and the firmware resides. The drive tends to go read only when too many errors occur before complete failure. That is up to 10 years for things like memory cards and USB sticks. In general, unless there is a firmware design issue, cheap materials used, stress like bending or overheating causing cold solder joints, an SSD can last a long time if minimal writing activity takes place but eventually if flash isn't written to, it degrades. Catch 22. Dram and cache are not the same thing. Dram stores the ssds indexes and metadata for faster data retrieval and wear leveling. The cache keeps part of the nand memory as SLC storage which can be written to faster. Basically all ssds will have a dynamic SLC cache where it will decrease as the drive fills up. Cache controller designs that are DRAM less use the internal SRAM cache in the controller to cache the NAND mapping table. It just requires a different mapping table design since SRAM caches are much smaller than DRAM. Ultimately the mapping table is still stored in NAND. General rule of thumb: the cheaper an SSD, the higher the likelihood it uses lower quality flash chips so sudden failing NAND, problematic controller chips (e.g. SandForce), outsourced firmware. Generic brand like old SP, Corsair or Crucial may be recoverable whilst major brands Samsung, Intel and Western Digital are impossible due to firmware encryption and customizations. Recommend sticking with older Silicon Motion or Phison controllers if possible. A ssd isn't good because it has dram or bad because it doesn't. Other things should be taken into account like sustained writes so check the TPU write intensive usage See [https://www.techpowerup.com/ssd-specs/ here] for more information {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="15%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="30%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 to - SM2259XT2 SM2263XT MAS0902 MAP1202 YS9082HP RM1135 RTS5765 PS3111 |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed OEMs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 to date - Realtek RTS5765/66 controller + Micron 96L (B27A) |- | <!--Brand-->Acer Predator GM7 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Acer drives built by Biwin, that also supplies HP, Maxio MAP1602A no DRAM so HMB, YMTC 128L TLC, |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 NVME IM2P33F8, IM2S3168 SSD | <!--Model-->IM2P33F8-512GD | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - industrial 12L 3D TLC NAND flash Supports LDPC ECC, RAID Engine, and SLC Cache End-to-End (E2E) Data Path Protection with Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. DRAMless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG SX8200 Pro M.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ASX8200PNP1TTC | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 NVM Express 1.3 SN2262G later SN2262EN chipset - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 256GB GEN4 x4 NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->SM2P41C3-256GC2 DP/N 0KM1Y6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 consumer |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG GAMMIX S50 Lite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Silicon Motion SM2267XT dramless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG ATOM 50 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Innogrit RainierQX IG5220 |- | <!--Brand-->Adata Legend 710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Legend 900 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Innogrit IG5216 controller, no DRAM so HMB which appears to be the standard - |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin NV7200 PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SM2263XT |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin NV7400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force LE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force Series MP500 MP510 M.2 NVMe PCIe Gen 3 x4 SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 PS5012-E12-27 from Phison, 64-layer TLC Toshiba BiCS flash, may have dram cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 96L QLC - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Elite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E16 and Bics DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Pro XT, PRO LPX, PRO NH PCIe4 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP600ECS Elite, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 DRAMless SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, BiCS6 162L QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Core XT | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison and Bics QLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP700 Pro PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP700PNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P1 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 QLC NAND but a controller with a DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P2 M.2 2280 Gen3 x4 NVM-express | <!--Model-->CT1000P2SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 dram-less Phison PS5013-E13-31 on 96-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 Plus M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->CT1000P3PSSD8 CT2000P3PSSD801 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with Host Memory Buffer HMB tech to use a small bit of system RAM as DRAM cache and Micron 176-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 M.2 nvme SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P3SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron QLC (N48R) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 m.2 nvme PCIe 4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 runs hot - Crucial NVMe with DRAM LPDDR4 and Micron 96L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 some have DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T500 Gen4.0 nvme 2.0 | <!--Model-->CT1000T500SSD8, CT2000T500SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison PS5025-E25 with micron B58R 232-layer 3D TLC NAND and Micron LPDDR4 DRAM cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T700 Gen5 SSD | <!--Model-->CT1000T700SSD3, CT2000T700SSD3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, Micron 232-layer NAND with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P310 M.2 2280 NVMe PCIe Gen4 SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P310SSD801 (2Tb), | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 DRAM-less Phison E27T Micron 232-layer NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T705 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 dramless Phison SSD controller |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 SMI SM2508 SSD controller dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN605 PCIe Gen3 x4 interface, NVMe 1.3 support | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN660 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN760 PCIe Gen4 x4 M.2 NVMe 1.4 interface | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 gets hot |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN870 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 no dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN855 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S500 pro PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 MaxioTech MAP1202A-F1C with YMTC 128L and pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S660 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S880/R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S770 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX550 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN501 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->FIKWOT FN950 FN955 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 MAP1602 (at 1600 MT/s) flash YMTC TLC no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX991 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->FW-FX991-2TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN960 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN970 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Geil ZEN ITH m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->S3-240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus Gen4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash - DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus 10000 PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->HP EX950 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HP FX900 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dram less |- | <!--Brand-->HP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M2 Series NVME M.2 2280 PCIe Gen 3x4 | <!--Model-->INSSD500GM280NM2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Professional TLC E12S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E18 |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Gaming performance Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash |- | <!--Brand-->Inland TD510 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM DDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->intel SSD Pro 7600p Series M.2 80mm 2280 PCIe 3.0 x4, 3D TLC | <!--Model-->SSDPEKKF512GB, SSDPEKKF256G8L, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel 660p m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ssdpeknw010tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 SMI SM2263 controller with 1GB DRAM cache and 1TB of Intel QLC NAND similar to crucial P1 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] 670p | <!--Model-->SSDPEKNU010TZ | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 256 MB DDR3L cache and 12-140 GB SLC-Cache QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Intel P4511 m.2 nvme PCIe3.1 x4 22110 110mm | <!--Model-->SSDPELKX020T8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 very long |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A1000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA1000M8/480G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A2000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA2000M8/250G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston KC3000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] PS5018-E18 PCIe 4.0 x4 NVMe controller and Micron’s 176L TLC NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV1 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model-->SNV1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 entry-level consumer DRAMless Phison E13T or Silicon Motion 4-channel SM2263XT - one brand TLC up to 1Tb and QLC after - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV2 | <!--Model-->SNV2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 entry-level, first SMI SM2267XT or Phison E19T and later SMI SM2269XT or Phison E21T with various flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston FURY Renegade m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] Phison E18 controller, Micron 176L nand and ddr4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV3 | <!--Model-->SNV3S/500G, SNV3S/1000G, SNV3S/2000G, SNV3S/4000G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 entry-level, SMI SM2268XT2 or Phison E27T controller with BiCS6 TLC or QLC flash - dramless so hmb - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG4? M2 2280 NVMe PCIe SSD | <!--Model-->THNSF5512GPUK, THNSN51T02DUK, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 Phison has done custom controller work for Kioxia, and Kioxia has also worked with SMI and InnoGrit (the latter more recently). Kioxia label their controllers as their own but these are largely rebadged. |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG5 for Data Centres | <!--Model-->KXG5 KXG50ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 nanya ddr3 dram? with 64-layer BiCS 3D flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG6 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->KXG60ZNV512G, KXG60ZNV1T02, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 TC58NCP090GSD with DRAM NANYA LPDDR3 and Toshiba BiCS FLASH 96-layer 3D TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> *KBG40ZNS128G, KBG40ZNS256G, KBG40ZNS512G, KBG40ZNS1T02 *KBG40ZNT256G, *KBG40ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - no dram but NVMe's Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. portion of the system's RAM for caching - Toshiba's 96-Layer BiCS FLASH - seems Windows UASP driver and the JMS583 chipset interacts badly with the Kioxia BG4 - early firmware upgrade to prevent overheating hot - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG7 | <!--Model-->KXG70ZNV1T0G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 - might need firmware update on early 2tb 4tb versions - controller with sk hynix dram and tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G2 SSD series PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5012-E12S-32 aka TC58NC1201GST 4-channel controller along with KIOXIA proprietary 96-layer 3D TLC and "MG2h" version has BiCS4.5 which is faster than launch BiCS4 - - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG8 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 TC58NC0L1XGSD with DRAM LPDDR4 and 112-Layer Kioxia BiCS5 TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG5 | <!--Model-->KGB50ZNV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 HMB buffer |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G3 SSD series PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 has hmb, like most dram-less nvmes KIOXIA |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar 1TB SSD M.2 NVME 1.4 Gen3x4 M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->NM610Pro | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM620 *IG5216 (worse?) not great original 96L *MAP1202 YMTC up to 232L, or 176L Micron, TLC for the 1TB | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 a few versions all DRAM-less, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM790 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Maxio MAP1602 no DRAM so HMB with 232-Layer YMTC TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->EQ790 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Maxio MAP1602, no DRAM so HMB, Flash Memory 232-Layer YMTC TLC, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Liteon M.2 NVME 512GB SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->CAZ-51282512-Q11 DP/N 0K64PG | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2200S m.2 nvme 2200 series | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TCK, MTFDHBA512TCK | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 for a time, Micron controller with 64L TLC 3D Nand [https://www.dell.com/support/home/en-uk/drivers/driversdetails?driverid=3jg3g BSOD occurred as CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED] before self applied firmware [https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/downloads/ds119265-nvme-solid-state-drive-firmware-update-utility-for-windows-10-64-bit-thinkpad apparently it is related to the power management that disconnects the Micron SSD] |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2300 m.2 nvme Gen 3 x4 | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TDV P/N M02626-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 3400 M.2 NVME SSD Gen4 | <!--Model-->MTFDKBA512TFH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no cache |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2450 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 E19T |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2600 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison's PS5029-E29T SSD controller with Micron 276-layer G9 QLC NAND in a DRAMless - Adaptive Write Technology (AWT) using various NAND modes (SLC, TLC, and QLC) as a dynamic cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium S270 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium M450 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV2000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico J10 J-10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico D10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico e3500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico O7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P300 m.2 nvme pcie 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot Viper VP4300 Lite M.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2230 Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2140 CS2342 Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk 1T 2280 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 no dram, Memory QLC Intel 144 layer. Chip Realtek |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket Nano 2242 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-2130-512, SB-2280-1TB, SB-Rocket-NVME4-HTSK-2TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 PLUS m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-RKT4P-1TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E1? controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Phison E25 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM951 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZVLV1T | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 950 PRO PM961 M.2 2280 NVMe 1.3 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *MZ-VKW5120 *MZ-VLW2560 MZVLW256HEHP-000L7, MZ-VLW5120, MZ-SLW1T00 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - possibly 512M LPDDR3 Samsung K4E4E324EE-ECCF cache - Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) unit with Samsung 48-layer TLC V-NAND V3 flash Samsung K90MGY8S7M-CCK0 - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 960 Pro SM961 M.2 PCi-e NVMe SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-V6P1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) controller Samsung 48-layer multi-level cell (MLC) V-NAND, pseudo-SLC cache or LPDDR3-1866 Samsung K4E8E304EE-EGCF |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *Rev 0 MZ-VLB256A, MZ-VLB512A, MZ-VLB1T0A, *Rev 0 MZ-VLB2560, MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HAJQ, MZ-VLB1T00, *Rev ? MZ-VLB256B, MZ-VLB512B, MZ-VLB1T0B, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache hybrid SLC Samsung’s TurboWrite - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981a 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HBJQ-000L7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991 NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ2560 MZVLQ256HBJD-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991a NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ256B MZVLQ256HBJD-00BH1, MZ-9LQ256C, MZ-VLQ512B MZVLQ512HBLU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 970 EVO Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Samsung Phoenix on Samsung LPDDR4 dram and 2 Samsung 9x-layer V-NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 EVO Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V8P1T0BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 originally made in Korea ([https://semiconductor.samsung.com/consumer-storage/support/tools/ 2tb firmware issues] with versions starting with 3) and year later Vietnam - DRAM |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9E2T0BW, MZ-V9E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo no DRAM so HMB Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) and Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) - |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM9A1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VL25120 MZVL2512HCJQ, MZVL21T00 MZVL21T0HCLR-00BL2, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 might be OEM variant of the 980 Pro |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM9B1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model--> *2023 MZ9L4256HCJQ-00BD1 MZ-9L4256A, , *2025 MZ-VL42560, MZ-VL45120, MZ-VL421T, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SSD controller is Marvell 88SS1322 Whistler Plus, no DRAM cache and Samsung 128-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO Plus m.2 nvme2.0 | <!--Model-->MZ-V9S2T0BW, MZ-V9S1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo with no DRAM so HMB and Samsung 236-Layer (V8) TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9P2T0BW, MZ-V9P1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 2tb early firmware issue - Samsung Pascal with DRAM LPDDR4 and 176-Layer V-NAND TLC - has had firmware design issues, causing premature failure - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 9100 PRO PCIe Gen5 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 510 G3 x4 nvme | <!--Model--> *ZP1000GM30001, *ZP500GM30021 P/N 2NT308-300, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad early batch - Phison E12 STXYP0160031 on SK Hynix DRAM DDR4 with Kioxia BiCS3 64L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda Q5 | <!--Model-->ZP500CV30001,ZP250CV30001,ZP1000CV30001 P/N 2ZK307-881,ZP2000CV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 PS5013-E13-31 from Phison, no DRAM cache and QLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 515 | <!--Model-->ZP500GV30001,ZP250GV30001,ZP1000GV30001,ZP2000GV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 no dram and qlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate FireCuda 520 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 ×4 NVMe 1.4 | <!--Model-->ZP2000GM30002, ZP1000GM30002, ZP500GM30002 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 520N m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP2000GV3A012, ZP1000GV3A012 and ZP500GV3A012 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP500GM3A013, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5018-E18 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 176L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model-->ZP1000CV3A002, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 540 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD85 m.2 nvme PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 [http://vlo.name:3000/ssdtool/ firmware tools] |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD90 PCIe 4.0 nvme | <!--Model-->SP250GBP44UD9005, SP500GBP44UD9005, SP01KGBP44UD9005, SP02KGBP44UD9005, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron TLC (B47R) but later no name QLC nand instead - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A60 A80 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 various originally an E12 drive with 64L Toshiba NAND, then had variations with E12S and SM2262EN as well as random 64L/96L, now it comes with a MAP1001A controller by Maxio and some YMTC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power US75 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC501 M.2 m.2 NVMe PCIe Gen3 SSD | <!--Model--> *Rev0 HFM256GDHTNG-8510B SSS0L24764, HFM256GDJTNG-8310A, *Rev1 HFM256GDHTNG-8310A SSS0Q68673, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC511 512GB NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->HFM256GDJTNI-82A0A HFM512GDGTNI-82A0A D P/N 0TG8T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix BC711 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model-->HFM001TD3JX013N, HFM512GD3JX013N, HFM256GD3JX013N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 okay but no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix PC711 m.2 2280 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> *HFS001TDE9X073N, HFS512GDE9X073N, HFS256GDE9X073N *HFS001TDE9X080N, HFS512GDE9X080N, HFS256GDE9X081N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC210 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC601 PCIe 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - Cepheus Plus YCN34PTA0FR Controller and 48L TLC Flash, pseudo-SLC cache and LPDDR4-3733 SK Hynix H9HCNNN8KUMLHR-NME dram - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC401 3rd gen PCIe | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Gold P31 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 SK hynix’s proprietary Cepheus controller |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix SK500 Gen 4 (x4) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Platinum P41 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Aries SSD controller with 176-Layer TLC flash - SK hynix LPDDR4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix PC801 PCIe Gen4 x4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->HFS001TEJ9X101N, HFS512GEJ9X101N, HFS256GEJ9X101N, HFS002TEJ9X101N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC901 m.2 nvme PCIe Gen4 2230 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Silicon Motion SM2269XT with no DRAM so HMB buffer cache - SK Hynix 176-layer TLC NAND flash 1TB only - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team | <!--Model-->TM8PS7512G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup MP34 | <!--Model-->MP34 256GB, MP34 512GB, MP34 1TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 good Phison E12 with DRAM NANYA DDR3L and Toshiba BiCS 3 64L TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea A440 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison PS5018-E18 NVMe 1.4 controller and Micron’s 96L TLC with SK hynix 8Gb DDR4 chips but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group TForce Cardea A440 Lite PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 dram-less E27T controller and 162L TLC but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team Z44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team MP44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E21T no DRAM so HMB with 176-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Team MP33Q | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - dramless maxio MAP1202 with TLC (MP33) or QLC (MP33Q) - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group QX GE Pro m.2 nvme PCIe5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 innogit IG5666 with QLC 3D 232L nand with DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force G70 Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 InnoGrit IG5236 (Rainier) with DRAM and NAND YMTC TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea Z540 m.2 nvme PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison E26 controller and 232L TLC and DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE110S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS128GMTE110S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE220S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS2TMTE220S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2230 TS256GMTE300S TS512GMTE300S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND, 1G and 2G get hot |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE400S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 mlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Union Memory (Shenzhen) AM6672 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM6A0 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Verbatim V15000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN720 M.2 2280 NVME PCIE for Data Centers | <!--Model-->SDAQNTW-512G-1001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2021 |- | <!--Brand-->WDC SN520 2230 Gen3 x2 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital ix sn530 M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 industrial sandisk controller and firmware, as well as 96-layer 3D TLC NAND memory that can work in TLC or SLC mode - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN730 Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 M.2 NVME | <!--Model-->SDBPNTY-1T00, SDBPNTY-512G-1012, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 to 2021 DRAM Cache DDR4-2666 CL18 Micron MT40A512M16LY-075:E (D9WFH) with Controller WD 20-82-00705-A2 Triton MP28 and NAND Flash Toshiba BiCS4 60082 512G (Rebranded by SanDisk) TLC 96-layer |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN750 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 64-layer 3D stacked NAND with 3 bits per cell TLC (Triple Level Cell) with 256MB of skhynix DRAM cache for every 250GB |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN850 m.2 nvme Gen4 PHY | <!--Model-->WDS100T1X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Sandisk G2 controller with Micron DDR4 cache - new nCache 4.0 slc cache total dynamic capacity spans one-third (300GB on 1TB) with a small static SLC cache (12GB on 1TB) from the Kioxia BiCS4 96L TLC 96-layer NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN550 Blue M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - various controllers and NANDs |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SN810 NVMe SSD 2280 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 slc cache - laptop oem only no retail version - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN850X | <!--Model-->WDS100T2X0E, WDS200T2X0E, WDS400T2X0E, WDS800T2X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 issues with early ssd firmware and AMD Zen 3 X570 and X670E chipsets - Sandisk A101000291-82 controller with 112-layer TLC and DDR4 DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN570 single-sided M.2 2280 (80mm) PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless - WD/SanDisk SSD controller with BiCS 5 3D NAND TLC 112-layer NAND flash memory - |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Black SN770 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->WDS100T3X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless cache with TLC |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green SN350 m.2 NVMe SSD | <!--Model-->WDS100T3G0C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 DRAM-less cache with SanDisk controller and QLC (quad-level cell) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->WD_BLACK SN750 SE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Phison E19T, dramless |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN740 M.2 (2230) PCIe 4.0 x4 2280 | <!--Model-->SDDQTQD-1T00, SDDPNQD-, SDDPNQD-256G-2006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless with SSD controller WD Sandisk 20-82-10081-A1 Polaris MP16+ with Toshiba BiCS5 112-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN580 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless SanDisk controller with (HMB) and 112-Layer Kioxia TLC (BiCS5) |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN8100 / Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 8100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX 5100 7100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 850X | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Zhitai (Yangtze Memory) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === Mini SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin PCIe 4×2 NVMe 1.3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 GPDwin5 and Oneplayer Superx hybrid - 3D TLC - LGA packaging - V1 slide tray mechanism - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- |} ==SATA== Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI), a programming interface for SATA host controllers. Platforms supporting AHCI may take advantage of performance features such as no master/slave designation for SATA devices — each device is treated as a master — and hardware-assisted native command queuing. AHCI may but not often also provides usability enhancements such as Hot-Plug (Desktop and Mobile Only). AHCI requires appropriate software support (e.g., an AHCI driver) AHCI, the underlying protocol for SATA, only supports one queue with 32 commands. The issue with AHCI is that it's going to take a pile of test hardware just to figure out all the different bugs in all the motherboard chipsets and add-on PCI cards that 'kinda' implement AHCI. Not to mention Silicon Image, which took a very different approach from Intel's AHCI in their SATA controllers. === SATA 7mm 2.5inch SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 240GB Ultimate SU630 2.5" | <!--Model-->ASU630SS-240GQ-R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su650 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU650SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su800 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU800 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI SM2258 controller with Micron 3D TLC NAND but low performance when data fills the SLC cache - slow write speed - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su680 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU680SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS340 Panther | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS350 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M225 SSD 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2009 sata2 3gbp/s |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial C300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 sata3 6gbps - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2011 Marvell 88SS9174-BKK2 processor, 25nm MLC NAND flash and 128MB dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M500 120Gb to 960Gb | <!--Model-->CT250M500SSD1, CT500M500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M550 120G to 1T | <!--Model-->CT250M550SSD1, CT500M550SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX100 | <!--Model-->CT500BX100SSD1, CT1000BX100SSD1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - no dram - Silicon Motion SM2246EN and ATA version ACS-2 - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache Micron controller and nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial MX200 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX300 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dramless cache - Micron ex Tidal controller and TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) bx500 2.5inch | <!--Model-->CT240BX500SSD1, CT480BX500SSD1, CT960BX500SSD1, CT1000BX500SSD1, CT2000BX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SM2258XT 4channel later SM2259XT paired with Micron’s latest 64-Layer 3D TLC flash but dramless SLC cache (part of the tlc flash) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX500 | <!--Model-->CT250MX500SSD1, CT500MX500SSD1, CT1000MX500SSD1, CT2000MX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - dram cache from 256M to 2G - discontinued end of 2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no dram cache, Hynix memory 3dv7-176l 176 layer QLC (one chip), either raymx rm1135, SM2259XT controller or Realtek rts5735dlq |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang ranxiana S102 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101Q 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX815 Standard 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FS810 Ultra 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertec FirestormLite 2.5inch | <!--Model-->S240GHS3-M or SDSSD240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertech | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral V2 Plus 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 520 Series 2.5 inch SATA 6Gb/s 2.5" SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SSDSC2CW240A3, SSDSC2CW480A3, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 LSI SandForce SF2281, Flash Memory Intel Synchronous 25nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro Series 1500 | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BF180A4L SSD0E38417, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel S3610 Series 2.5" 400GB 6GBPS SATA SSD | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BX400G4R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 data center |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD Pro 5400s 512 GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF512H6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3510 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDS2BB400G6, SSDSC2BB480G6R, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3520 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BB800G7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3710 Series 800GB 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BA800G4P, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 server |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 545S Series 256GB 512GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KW256G8X1, SSDSC2KW512G8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] SSD DC S4500 240GB 2.5inch - HP Enterprise | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KB240G7P | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingspec P3-512 P3-1T0 P3-2TO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston SSDNow 300 | <!--Model-->SV300S37A/240G, SV300S37A/120G, SV300S37A/60G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dramless - lsi sandforce SF2281 or JMicron JMF662 controller with Toshiba MLC or Intel MLC |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 120G to 960Gb 2.5inch | <!--Model-->SA400S37/240G SBFK61K1, SA400S37/480G, SA400S37/960G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 half case sized ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - t6 security torx into metal case - dram less - poor write speeds - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia formerly Toshiba HG6 2.5in | <!--Model--> *9.5mm THNSNJ512GBSU, THNSNJ256GBSU, THNSNJ128GBSU *7mm THNSNJ512GCSU THNSNJ512GCSY, THNSNJ256GCSU THNSNJ256GCSY, THNSNJ128GCSU THNSNJ128GCSY | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NS100 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->LNS100-1TRB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - Marvell 88NV1120 Artemis, a DRAM cache is not available and pseudo-SLC. Micron 64-layer TLC NAND flash 4 chips @ 512 Gbit TS7512G181 (Rebranded by Lexar) (256G) - 4 nand flash chips Lexar/TST22T181/ B1924 and one controller: Lexar DM918/NOD43 1907 (512G) - |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NQ100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - DM928 controller which operates without a DRAM buffer. Two 128GB Micron NAND flash chips |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LiteOn | <!--Model-->LCS-128L9S-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 no dram - sata2 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Matrix 256Gb 512GB SATA 2.5in SSD | <!--Model-->MIS512GSDS, MIS256GSDS | <!--Work MSDos-->UP TO 550MB/S | <!--Work GPT-->UP TO 500MB/S | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1100 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TBN-1AR1ZA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1300 2TB 1300 2.5" | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TDL-1AW1ZABHA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 - old sdd - TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Micron RealSSD C400 2.5inch | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK256MAM-1K12 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Mushkin Reactor | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC flash |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac SA500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y-20 Y20 2.5 inch sata SHENZHEN ORICO TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Orico S500-Pro s500pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Origin Storage Inception TLC830 Pro Series 2.5in SATA III SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D tlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P210 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> qlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P220 | <!--Model-->P220S2TB25 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Plextor M6V | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS900 2.5 in sata SSD | <!--Model-->SSD7CS900-480-PB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2311, CS3030 and Pro Elite SSDs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung SM PM | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->PM871a or PM871b? SM/PM = 2-bit or 3-bit MLC. PM = 3-bit MLC = TLC. 8 = generation = 8xx, 7 = model = 850 EVO (in this case), 1 = usage (e.g. 3 = datacenter). a/b = revision or type of flash, the 850 EVO had multiple revisions including at least three types of flash (32L, 48L, 64L) so a = 32/48L, b = 64L. At lower capacities it might use different flash, for example the 256GB SM951 utilizies 2D/planar while the higher capacities use 3D. OEM drives tend to have different, optimized firmware, so performance will not be the same |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE120 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 2.5in sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE5120 P/N MZ7TE512HMHP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-75E120, MZ-75E500 (P/N MZ7LN500) to MZ-75E4T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 Samsung MGX controller (S4LN062X01) up to 500GB capacities whilst Samsung MEX controller (3-core) beyond - Samsung TLC 3D V‐NAND 48 and later 64 layers and possibility of 256MB, 512MB or 1GB LPDDR2-1066 DRAM chip - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 PRO | <!--Model-->MZ-7KE1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN512A P/N MZ7LN512HMJP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM883 1.92TB | <!--Model-->MZ-7LH1T90 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) - 1gb LPDDR4-1866 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76E1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 QVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76Q1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 QVO 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN56F, MZ-77E1T0 P/N MZ7L31TOHBLB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 beware of bad batch early death - uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871b | <!--Model-->MZ7LN256HCHP-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra 3D/Extreme Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 SandForce SF-2281 dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDHP-256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell SS889175 processor with SanDisk's 19nm NAND and 128MB Samsung DDR2 DRAM chip |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Marvell 88SS9188 Marvell 88SS9187 with SanDisk 64Gbit 19nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDA-240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 pseudo SLC cache dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z400s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - Silicon Motion SM2246XT DRAM-less - budget end of market - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 4 NAND packages and marvell controller 88ss1074 on blue pcb - 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate BarraCuda Q1 SSD | <!--Model-->ZA240CV10001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 dramless A55 started with the Phison S10 but later the S11 i.e. Phison PS3111-S11-13 controller and 96-layer TLC NAND flash memory with a pseudo-SLC cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power Ace A55 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->sk hynix | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 sandforce controller - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SH910A | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Link_A_Media (LAMD) controller with eight 256Gbit H27QEGDVEBLR NAND 20nm hynix MLC - SK hynix H5PS1G83JFA DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->HFS256G32MND-3210A, HFS256G32MND-3312A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - red strip around edges - 8-channel controller SK hynix LM87810AA-A0 with DDR2 buffer chip and four pieces of 16nm hynix MLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SL300 series 2.5in SSD *3110A SL301STD *3210A *3300A *3310A | <!--Model-->HFS500G32TND, HFS256G32TNE, HFS128G32TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC - consumer line red in corners - SK hynix LM878100AA (HFS256G32MND-3312A) later SH87820BB and NAND 16nm hynix TLC - 256mb dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SC3 series 2.5in SSD *N1A0A , , *N1A1A *N1A2A SC308STD, *N2A0A , , SC311STD | <!--Model-->HFS512G32TNF-N2A0A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - red in corners - no dram and no SLC cache - Hynix ex Link_A_Media Devices (LAMD) SH87820BB 2c but poor mixed workload ability MLC - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team EX2 GX2 Elite QX | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP AX2 2.5 Inch SATA III Solid State Drive SSD | <!--Model-->T253A3512G0C101, T253A3001T0C101, T253A3002T0C101, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 3D NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup TF Vulcan Z 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dramless smi2259xt 128L tlc nand - |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup T-Force Vulcan ZQLC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram-less smi2259xt qlc 144L nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Topesel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend 220S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS120GSSD220S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 3D TLC without dram |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend SSD230S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS256GSSD230S TS512GSSD230S TS1TSSD230S TS2TSSD230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Viathan | <!--Model-->S001T3V | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red SA500 NAS | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 250Gb to 4Tb | <!--Model-->WDS400T3B0A WDS200T3B0A WDS100T3B0A WDS500G3B0A WDS250G3B0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SSD 2.5" | <!--Model-->WDS240G1G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green 200Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T2G0A WDS100T3G0A WDS480G2G0A WDS240G2G0A WDS120G2G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - cheap and slow ssd - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SA530 | <!--Model-->SDASB8Y-256G SD9SB8W, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.xray-disk.com xraydisk] 2.5 inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> from the manufacturer only - Phsion/SMI(2258XT)/Realtek/Yeestor |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Xum | <!--Model-->hx256gssdsata3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y3000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCie 3.0 |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y7000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCIe 4.0 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === SATA M.2 (M and B key) === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 2280 Sata | <!--Model-->AXNS381E-128GM-B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S201 m.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->S201 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN203 m.2 sata (oldtan, twipps, teexin aka Shenzhen Pingfan "Ordinary" Road Technology Co., Ltd) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 lifespan not long Maxio MAP + YMTC 128L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Foresee (Shenzhen Longsys) | <!--Model-->YSM80CD-128G YSDE128G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 88nv1120-bt22 T3WU030 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 2242 120G | <!--Model-->INSSD120GM242 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->INSSD256GM.26M2280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 256GB/512GB/1TB/2TB | <!--Model-->INSSD1TM280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 netac rebrand - no dram cache - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro ‎545S 2280 | <!--Model-->SSDSCKKF256G8H | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> no dram, TLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intenso M.2 internalSSD SATA III 1 TB | <!--Model-->Top | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 m.2 | <!--Model-->SA400M8/240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 entry level ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model-->RBU-SNS8350DES3128GP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston V300 | <!--Model-->SV300S3505AG | <!--Work MSDos-->{{yes}} | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Nightly Build 2014-09-18 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON SATA 128GB | <!--Model-->CV3-8D128-11 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON | <!--Model-->CV1-8B256-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lite-On | <!--Model-->L8H-256V2G-HP L8H-128V2G-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 2016 nanya nt5c864m16fp-dh |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LSI | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 SF37000 controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model-->M550 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron M600 enterprise m.2 sata up to 512GB | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256MBF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller, DRAM chip 256MB 533MHz LPDDR2, NAND for the 256GB drive MT29F1T08CQCCBG2-10:C 16nm MLC NAND each 128GB package |- | <!--Brand-->MICRON 1100 M.2 SATA 6Gb/s 2280 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256TBN HP P/N 903109-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y20M-2242 | <!--Model-->Y20M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM841 M.2 sata3 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-NTD2560/0L9 MZNTD256HAGL-000L9 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung CM871 Rev 0 | <!--Model-->MZNLF128HCHP-000H1 MZ-NLF1280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a m.2 Sata | <!--Model-->MZNLN256HMHQ, NLN512A P/N MZNLN512HMJP-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM871b | <!--Model-->MZNLN128HAHQ-000H1, MZNLN256HAJQ MZ-NLN256F MZ-NLN256C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM881 | <!--Model-->MZ-NLH1280 MZNLH128HBHQ-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X300 M.2 sata 2280 80mm SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD7SN6S-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk X400 SSD M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->SD8SN8U-128G-1006, SD8SN8U-256G-1006, SD8SN8U-512-1006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 SSD controller Marvell 88SS1074 four channel supports variety of NAND and up to 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X600 M.2 SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD9SN8W-128G-1006 SD9TN8W-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SANDISK X110 DELL 6T4HK M.2 2260 | <!--Model-->SD6SP1M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->SC308M280S HFS128G39TND | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 SH87820BB controller - No dram buffer - multi-level cell (MLC) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC311 HFS256G39TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC401 HFS256G39TNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->A55 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP Team MS30 SSD M.2 Sata 2280 | <!--Model-->TM8PS7001T0C101 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba RC100 (retail version of BG3) | <!--Model-->KBG30ZMV256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba HG6 m.2 | <!--Model-->THNSNJ512GDNU THNSNJ512G8NY, THNSNJ256GDNU THNSNJ256G8NY, THNSNJ128GDNU THNSNJ128G8NY, THNSNJ256GVNU THNSNJ128GVNU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA SSD M.2 2280 256GB | <!--Model-->KSG50ZMV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 | <!--Model-->KSG60ZMG256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->400 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS32GMTS400S TS64GMTS400S TS128GMTS400S | <!--Model-->400S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> DDR3 dram cache and mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->M.2 SSD 600 (2260), M.2 SSD 800S (2280) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS120GMTS420S TS240GMTS420S TS480GMTS420S | <!--Model-->420S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> can run hot slc cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS256GMTS430S TS512GMTS430S | <!--Model-->430S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache - 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS120GMTS820S TS240GMTS820S TS960GMTS820S | <!--Model-->820S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS256GMTS830S TS512GMTS830S TS1TMTS830S TS4TMTS830S | <!--Model-->830S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 120GB to 480Gb | <!--Model-->WDS480G2G0B WDS240G2G0B WDS120G2G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 made in malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 240Gb to | <!--Model-->WDS240G3G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 made in |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 M.2 SATA 250Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T3B0B WDS100T3B0B WDS500G3B0B WDS250G3B0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red 500GB 1TB 2TB | <!--Model-->SA500 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM610 m.2 sata | <!--Model-->SSS0R27339, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === mSATA SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fangxiang S301 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingchuxing | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model-->INSSD256GMSA MO-300 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc 3d nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron enterprise | <!--Model-->M600 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico ZH-10 ZH10 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO 1.8in | <!--Model-->MZ-M5E120BW, MZ-M5E250BW, MZ-M5E500BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 1.8" msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MTE256D P/N MZ-MTMTE256HMHP, MZ-MTE1T00, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MM6E250BW, MZ-M6E500BW, MZ-M6E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA370S | <!--Model-->MSA370S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA230S | <!--Model-->230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5inch Laptop Hard Disks === ====7mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP628230-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP552605-01 250Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP693440-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z5K320 Z5K500-500 Z5K100 series * 2013 HTS545050A7E380 HTS * 2015 HTS545050A7E680 HTS | <!--Model-->HTS 320GB 500Gb 1Tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z7K320 Z7K500 series | <!--Model-->HTS725050A7E630 320Gb HTS725050A7E635 500Gb 7200rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> avoid if it does not have the DCM code |- | <!--Brand-->HGST 1T 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HTS541010B7E610 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 128m cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus Thin | <!--Model-->ST500LT012 ST320LT012. ST250LT012 500Gb 320gb 250gb 2014 5.4K rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Thin SSHD 5400RPM Sata 2.5" | <!--Model-->ST500LM000 500GB, ST500LM001, ST500LM020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 up to 64M cache and with 8GB NAND Flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate MomentusThin-B Video 2.5 HDD * 2014 * 2015 * 2016 * 2017 | <!--Model-->ST500VT000 500GB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE Baracuda 2.5 5400 | <!--Model-->ST2000LM015 (2Gb), ST1000LM049 (1Tb), ST500LM030 (500Gb) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda Pro | <!--Model-->ST1000LM048 ST1000LM035 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> up to 128MB cache |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE FireCuda Compute 2.5 | <!--Model-->ST500LX025 ST1000LX015 ST2000LX001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 8GB NAND Commercial Multilevel Cell (cMLC), 128MB buffer and 5400-RPM spindle speed up to 140 MB/s |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 2.5in | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2018 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA MQ01ACF | <!--Model-->MQ01ACF050 500GB 7200rpm 2020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->western digital wd blue 500G 8meg cache 5400rpm * 2014 Rev T0 * 2015 Rev T1 | <!--Model-->wd5000lpvx | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012-2015 sequential 2MB block transfers 110 MB/s reading and writing - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2.5" WD Blue Slim | <!--Model-->WD10SPCX 1TB Nov 2016 | <!--Work MSDos-->{{Yes|hdd under partition table msdos/pc, boots on bios machines, will not on uefi machine}} | <!--Work GPT-->{{Unk|untested hdd under gpt partition protocol scheme, not booting on uefi}} | <!--Tested under-->AROS One 1.8 USB |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD5000LUCX 500Gb 5400rpm 16mb cache Rev Y0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 2017 Malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====9.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHW2040BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 40gig |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHY2080BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 80gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHW2120B | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS541010A9E662 type TS5SAF100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Travelstar 5K500.B-320 | <!--Model-->HTS545025B9SA02 HTS545032B9A300 HTS545040B9A300 HTS545050B9A300 250Gb 320Gb 400Gb 500Gb 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST 1TB 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung bought by Seagate late 2011 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate HD REV A (Jan 2014) | <!--Model-->ST1000LM024 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate 9.5mm * 2013 Rev A HN-M500MBB/I * 2014 Rev B HN-M500MBB/SP4 * 2015 Rev B HN-M500MBB/P4C | <!--Model-->ST500LM012 (500M) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus 5400.3 | <!--Model-->ST9160821AS | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 160gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1t | <!--Model-->ST1000LM014, ST1000LM028, ST1000LM015 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 8g nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1T | <!--Model-->ST1000LX001 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32G nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK2555GSX HDD2H24 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 250g 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK5065GSX - 500GB 5400RPM SATA 3Gb/s 8MB Cache 2.5-Inch | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MKxx59GSXP, eg Toshiba MK6459GSXP 640GB 2011 | <!--Work-->{{yes}} | <!--Tested under-->Icaros 2.2 with uses Advanced Format (AF) in 4,096 bytes per sector. Compatibility with legacy, 512 bytes through AF emulation techniques, called 512e |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2013 to 2016) | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2015 to 2020) *2013 *2014 *2015 AA50/AX0D5A *2016 AA60/AX0E1A * *2017 AGM AA01/AX002V *2018 AGS AA70/AX0G1A *2020 AA71/AX0G1A | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD050 500meg | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2013 | <!--Work-->{{Yes}} | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA | <!--Model-->MQ04ABD200 2TB 5400 RPM 128MB Cache SATA 6.0Gb/s | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD7500BPVX 2013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WESTERN DIGITAL 1TB 2.5" SATA DRIVE 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-80JC3T0 (OCT 2014) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , uses Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->WDC Western Digital Blue 1TB SATA 2.5" Hard Drive 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-08JC3T6 (Jun 2017) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD10JPCX 1Tb | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital * 2019 | <!--Model-->WD10JUCT 1TB (1000GB) 2019 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Scorpio Black * 2010 * 2014 | <!--Model-->WD5000BEKT, WD5000BPKX-22HPJT0, WD5000BPKT, | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 16m cache, 7200rpm thailand then malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Black * 2016 | <!--Model-->WD2500LPLX, WD3200LPLX, WD5000LPLX SMR: WD5000LPSX, WD10SPSX | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32m cache , 7200rpm SATA-III malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5in NON-Laptop Hard Disks === ====11mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu 160GB 250GB 300GB | <!--Model-->MHX2160BT, MHX2250BT, MHX2300BT | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->TP00640GB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====12.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====15mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 1TB IBM System X 15mm 2.5" SATA | <!--Model-->ST91000640NS 81Y9731 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->HL-DT-ST DVDRAM | <!--Model-->GSA T50L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage BD-Rom DVD Rewriter | <!--Model-->CT10N AFCK101 LGE-DMCT10A(B) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 5v 12.7mm fails early |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GT20L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009/2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GT30N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT50N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GU70N (HP/Dell), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GUD0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->GTA0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->Uj870a Uj880 UJ890 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8A0 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic MATSHITA 12.7mm SATA DVD | <!--Model-->UJ8B0 (Asus K53S), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 12.7mm 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8B1 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8C0 UJ8C1 UJ8C2 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.6a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Precision Devices Co Ltd | <!--Model-->UJ8D0, UJ8D1 KCC-REM-PPD-UJ8D1 HP 657534-TC2, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 ok lifeline, |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8E2Q | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8FB | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5a 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DC-8A2SH, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A3S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A4SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DS-8A5LH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DU-8A6SH (HP) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips and LiteOn | <!--Model-->DS-8A8SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5a 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8A9SH DS8A9SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ABSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ACSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD Philips | <!--Model-->da-8aesh11b, DA-8AESH-24B | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2019 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Pioneer | <!--Model-->DVR-TD09TBG | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc SATA DVD | <!--Model-->AD-7561S, AD-7560S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7 MM |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7585H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm cleaning the laser lens inside the drive with a liquid lens cleaner. Also check the lens carrier slides freely from one extreme to the other inside the drive without sticking |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7580s, AD-7581s, AD-7583s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD7590s, AD-7591s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7700s, AD-7710h, AD-7701H, AD-7703S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7760H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7711H AD-7740H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S208B Ver BB Rev 00 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba TSSTCorp Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S083C Ver C Rev 03 /BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.5a 12.7 mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corp | <!--Model-->TS-L633 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} === [https://www.backblaze.com/cloud-storage/resources/hard-drive-test-data SATA Desktop 3.5inch Hard Disks] === Datasheets with the SMR (overlapped packing Shingled Magnetic Recording) and CMR (faster Conventional Magnetic Recording) parts <pre> WD: https://documents.westerndigital.com/content/dam/doc-library/en_us/assets/public/western-digital/product/internal-drives/wd-blue-hdd/product-brief-western-digital-wd-blue-pc-hdd.pdf Seagate: https://www.seagate.com/content/dam/seagate/migrated-assets/www-content/datasheets/pdfs/3-5-barracudaDS1900-14-2007US-en_US.pdf Toshiba: https://storage.toshiba.com/docs/support-docs/P300-SalesSheet_English_Web_r2.pdf </pre> {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Seagate Barracuda 7200.9 | ST3160812AS, ST3160212AS | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 - Capacity: 160 GB - Speed: 7200RPM - Cache: 8 MB - Interface: SATA2 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda LP Green 5400rpm | <!--Model-->ST1000DL002 1TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SkyHawk Surveillance HDD ST4000VX000 Series | <!--Model-->ST4000VX013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Baracuda Compute | <!--Model-->ST500DM009 2F110A-500 / 02PKVY / 2PKVY (500m), | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> - SATA III (6Gb/s) - Format 3.5" - 32MB Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate CMR | <!--Model-->ST1000DM010 ST500DM009 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 2TB SMR | <!--Model-->ST2000DM008 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SMR | <!--Model-->ST8000DM004 ST6000DM003 ST4000DM004 ST3000DM007 ST2000DM005 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD220 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD320 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba P300 CMR | <!--Model-->HDWD130XZSTA HDWD130UZSVA, HDWD120XZSTA HDWD120UZSVA, HDWD110XZSTA HDWD110UZSVA | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2010 | <!--Model-->WD20EARS Green 2TB 5400rpm 64mb cache | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD20EFRX WD40EFRX 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital | <!--Model-->WD4002FFWD | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD80EAAZ WD80EAZZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAZ, WD60EZAZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ, WD20EZAZ - 2TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAX - 4TB, WD60EZAX - 6TB, WD80EZAX - 8TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- |} ==PATA== === IDE Desktop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | M1624TAU | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | IBM | DHEA-38451 | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SP40A2H | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST3160215ACE | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST32122A | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD102AA | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD200 | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Laptop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHV2040AH | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Toshiba | MK2011GAP | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Compaq | CR-594-BCQ | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8322B(CP1) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8484B(AM2A) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | LTN-485 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Creative | CD220E | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Hitachi-LG | GDA-4120B | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | LG | CRD-8400B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Lite-On | LTN486S | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Mitsumi | CRMC-FX4830T | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | CDR-1700B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | DV-5800A | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | ND-2100A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | NR-7900A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Philips | DVD8631 | {{no}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Samsung | SC-148 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SCR-2030 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SM-348B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU601 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU611-25 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Toshiba | SD-M1202 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === IDE Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->H-L Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GCC-4244N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2006 |- | Hitachi-LG | GCCT10N | {{yes}} | {{Maybe|FryingPan WRITE seems to have no problem with data sections (track 1) - combos with audio sections (track 2) white screens aros eventually}} | AspireOS Xenon with 25th Jan 2014 self update kernel |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Philips | SDR089 | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L462C TS-L462D | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | 2005 Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L632H | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Sony | DW-Q58A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Sony Optiarc | AD-7540A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->Optiarc DVD RW AD-7560A IDE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7590A | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} == SCSI == {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} NVMe accepts up to 64,000 queues with up to 64,000 commands each. 50i875yo1qpjtfyqxhtyy78jyzxo24f 4634499 4634485 2026-05-06T18:58:10Z Jeff1138 301139 4634499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ArosNav}} ==Introduction== AROS supports hard disks and optical drives attached to several interfaces: * [[#NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)]] on the pci-e bus * [[#SATA]] aka Serial ATA or AHCI (IDE compatibility mode used in most cases) * IDE (also known as ATA, [[#PATA]] or Parallel ATA) * USB * SCSI limited ==PCI-e== ===NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)=== *Controller and firmware *DRAM better having if heavy workloads but not necessary for gaming *Cache like SLC HMB techniques *NAND (Main storage area with MLC, TLC or QLC versions of varying life expectancy) SSDs, USB flash drive, SD and Micro SD Cards have a limited amount of write cycles, therefore guaranteed to fail randomly and suddenly at any time. All SSDs are prone to corrupt firmware due to poor quality NAND where both the data and the firmware resides. The drive tends to go read only when too many errors occur before complete failure. That is up to 10 years for things like memory cards and USB sticks. In general, unless there is a firmware design issue, cheap materials used, stress like bending or overheating causing cold solder joints, an SSD can last a long time if minimal writing activity takes place but eventually if flash isn't written to, it degrades. Catch 22. Dram and cache are not the same thing. Dram stores the ssds indexes and metadata for faster data retrieval and wear leveling. The cache keeps part of the nand memory as SLC storage which can be written to faster. Basically all ssds will have a dynamic SLC cache where it will decrease as the drive fills up. Cache controller designs that are DRAM less use the internal SRAM cache in the controller to cache the NAND mapping table. It just requires a different mapping table design since SRAM caches are much smaller than DRAM. Ultimately the mapping table is still stored in NAND. General rule of thumb: the cheaper an SSD, the higher the likelihood it uses lower quality flash chips so sudden failing NAND, problematic controller chips (e.g. SandForce), outsourced firmware. Generic brand like old SP, Corsair or Crucial may be recoverable whilst major brands Samsung, Intel and Western Digital are impossible due to firmware encryption and customizations. Recommend sticking with older Silicon Motion or Phison controllers if possible. A ssd isn't good because it has dram or bad because it doesn't. Other things should be taken into account like sustained writes so check the TPU write intensive usage See [https://www.techpowerup.com/ssd-specs/ here] for more information {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="15%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="30%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 to - SM2259XT2 SM2263XT MAS0902 MAP1202 YS9082HP RM1135 RTS5765 PS3111 |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed OEMs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 to date - Realtek RTS5765/66 controller + Micron 96L (B27A) |- | <!--Brand-->Acer Predator GM7 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Acer drives built by Biwin, that also supplies HP, Maxio MAP1602A no DRAM so HMB, YMTC 128L TLC, |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 NVME IM2P33F8, IM2S3168 SSD | <!--Model-->IM2P33F8-512GD | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - industrial 12L 3D TLC NAND flash Supports LDPC ECC, RAID Engine, and SLC Cache End-to-End (E2E) Data Path Protection with Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. DRAMless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG SX8200 Pro M.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ASX8200PNP1TTC | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 NVM Express 1.3 SN2262G later SN2262EN chipset - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 256GB GEN4 x4 NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->SM2P41C3-256GC2 DP/N 0KM1Y6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 consumer |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG GAMMIX S50 Lite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Silicon Motion SM2267XT dramless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG ATOM 50 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Innogrit RainierQX IG5220 |- | <!--Brand-->Adata Legend 710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Legend 900 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Innogrit IG5216 controller, no DRAM so HMB which appears to be the standard - |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin NV7200 PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SM2263XT |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin NV7400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force LE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force Series MP500 MP510 M.2 NVMe PCIe Gen 3 x4 SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 PS5012-E12-27 from Phison, 64-layer TLC Toshiba BiCS flash, may have dram cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 96L QLC - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Elite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E16 and Bics DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Pro XT, PRO LPX, PRO NH PCIe4 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP600ECS Elite, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 DRAMless SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, BiCS6 162L QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Core XT | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison and Bics QLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP700 Pro PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP700PNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P1 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 QLC NAND but a controller with a DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P2 M.2 2280 Gen3 x4 NVM-express | <!--Model-->CT1000P2SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 dram-less Phison PS5013-E13-31 on 96-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 Plus M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->CT1000P3PSSD8 CT2000P3PSSD801 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with Host Memory Buffer HMB tech to use a small bit of system RAM as DRAM cache and Micron 176-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 M.2 nvme SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P3SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron QLC (N48R) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 m.2 nvme PCIe 4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 runs hot - Crucial NVMe with DRAM LPDDR4 and Micron 96L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 some have DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T500 Gen4.0 nvme 2.0 | <!--Model-->CT1000T500SSD8, CT2000T500SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison PS5025-E25 with micron B58R 232-layer 3D TLC NAND and Micron LPDDR4 DRAM cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T700 Gen5 SSD | <!--Model-->CT1000T700SSD3, CT2000T700SSD3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, Micron 232-layer NAND with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P310 M.2 2280 NVMe PCIe Gen4 SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P310SSD801 (2Tb), | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 DRAM-less Phison E27T Micron 232-layer NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T705 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 dramless Phison SSD controller |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 SMI SM2508 SSD controller dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN605 PCIe Gen3 x4 interface, NVMe 1.3 support | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN660 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN760 PCIe Gen4 x4 M.2 NVMe 1.4 interface | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 gets hot |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN870 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 no dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN855 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S500 pro PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 MaxioTech MAP1202A-F1C with YMTC 128L and pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S660 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S880/R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S770 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX550 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN501 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->FIKWOT FN950 FN955 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 MAP1602 (at 1600 MT/s) flash YMTC TLC no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX991 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->FW-FX991-2TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN960 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN970 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Geil ZEN ITH m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->S3-240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus Gen4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash - DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus 10000 PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->HP EX950 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HP FX900 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dram less |- | <!--Brand-->HP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M2 Series NVME M.2 2280 PCIe Gen 3x4 | <!--Model-->INSSD500GM280NM2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Professional TLC E12S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E18 |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Gaming performance Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash |- | <!--Brand-->Inland TD510 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM DDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->intel SSD Pro 7600p Series M.2 80mm 2280 PCIe 3.0 x4, 3D TLC | <!--Model-->SSDPEKKF512GB, SSDPEKKF256G8L, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel 660p m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ssdpeknw010tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 SMI SM2263 controller with 1GB DRAM cache and 1TB of Intel QLC NAND similar to crucial P1 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] 670p | <!--Model-->SSDPEKNU010TZ | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 256 MB DDR3L cache and 12-140 GB SLC-Cache QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Intel P4511 m.2 nvme PCIe3.1 x4 22110 110mm | <!--Model-->SSDPELKX020T8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 very long |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A1000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA1000M8/480G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A2000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA2000M8/250G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston KC3000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] PS5018-E18 PCIe 4.0 x4 NVMe controller and Micron’s 176L TLC NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV1 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model-->SNV1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 entry-level consumer DRAMless Phison E13T or Silicon Motion 4-channel SM2263XT - one brand TLC up to 1Tb and QLC after - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV2 | <!--Model-->SNV2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 entry-level, first SMI SM2267XT or Phison E19T and later SMI SM2269XT or Phison E21T with various flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston FURY Renegade m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] Phison E18 controller, Micron 176L nand and ddr4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV3 | <!--Model-->SNV3S/500G, SNV3S/1000G, SNV3S/2000G, SNV3S/4000G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 entry-level, SMI SM2268XT2 or Phison E27T controller with BiCS6 TLC or QLC flash - dramless so hmb - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG4? M2 2280 NVMe PCIe SSD | <!--Model-->THNSF5512GPUK, THNSN51T02DUK, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 Phison has done custom controller work for Kioxia, and Kioxia has also worked with SMI and InnoGrit (the latter more recently). Kioxia label their controllers as their own but these are largely rebadged. |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG5 for Data Centres | <!--Model-->KXG5 KXG50ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 nanya ddr3 dram? with 64-layer BiCS 3D flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG6 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->KXG60ZNV512G, KXG60ZNV1T02, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 TC58NCP090GSD with DRAM NANYA LPDDR3 and Toshiba BiCS FLASH 96-layer 3D TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> *KBG40ZNS128G, KBG40ZNS256G, KBG40ZNS512G, KBG40ZNS1T02 *KBG40ZNT256G, *KBG40ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - no dram but NVMe's Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. portion of the system's RAM for caching - Toshiba's 96-Layer BiCS FLASH - seems Windows UASP driver and the JMS583 chipset interacts badly with the Kioxia BG4 - early firmware upgrade to prevent overheating hot - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG7 | <!--Model-->KXG70ZNV1T0G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 - might need firmware update on early 2tb 4tb versions - controller with sk hynix dram and tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G2 SSD series PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5012-E12S-32 aka TC58NC1201GST 4-channel controller along with KIOXIA proprietary 96-layer 3D TLC and "MG2h" version has BiCS4.5 which is faster than launch BiCS4 - - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG8 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 TC58NC0L1XGSD with DRAM LPDDR4 and 112-Layer Kioxia BiCS5 TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG5 | <!--Model-->KGB50ZNV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 HMB buffer |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G3 SSD series PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 has hmb, like most dram-less nvmes KIOXIA |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar 1TB SSD M.2 NVME 1.4 Gen3x4 M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->NM610Pro | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM620 *IG5216 (worse?) not great original 96L *MAP1202 YMTC up to 232L, or 176L Micron, TLC for the 1TB | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 a few versions all DRAM-less, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM790 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Maxio MAP1602 no DRAM so HMB with 232-Layer YMTC TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->EQ790 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Maxio MAP1602, no DRAM so HMB, Flash Memory 232-Layer YMTC TLC, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Liteon M.2 NVME 512GB SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->CAZ-51282512-Q11 DP/N 0K64PG | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2200S m.2 nvme 2200 series | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TCK, MTFDHBA512TCK | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 for a time, Micron controller with 64L TLC 3D Nand [https://www.dell.com/support/home/en-uk/drivers/driversdetails?driverid=3jg3g BSOD occurred as CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED] before self applied firmware [https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/downloads/ds119265-nvme-solid-state-drive-firmware-update-utility-for-windows-10-64-bit-thinkpad apparently it is related to the power management that disconnects the Micron SSD] |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2300 m.2 nvme Gen 3 x4 | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TDV P/N M02626-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 3400 M.2 NVME SSD Gen4 | <!--Model-->MTFDKBA512TFH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no cache |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2450 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 E19T |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2600 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison's PS5029-E29T SSD controller with Micron 276-layer G9 QLC NAND in a DRAMless - Adaptive Write Technology (AWT) using various NAND modes (SLC, TLC, and QLC) as a dynamic cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium S270 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium M450 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV2000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico J10 J-10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico D10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico e3500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico O7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P300 m.2 nvme pcie 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot Viper VP4300 Lite M.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2230 Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2140 CS2342 Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk 1T 2280 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 no dram, Memory QLC Intel 144 layer. Chip Realtek |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket Nano 2242 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-2130-512, SB-2280-1TB, SB-Rocket-NVME4-HTSK-2TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 PLUS m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-RKT4P-1TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E1? controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Phison E25 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM951 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZVLV1T | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 950 PRO PM961 M.2 2280 NVMe 1.3 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *MZ-VKW5120 *MZ-VLW2560 MZVLW256HEHP-000L7, MZ-VLW5120, MZ-SLW1T00 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - possibly 512M LPDDR3 Samsung K4E4E324EE-ECCF cache - Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) unit with Samsung 48-layer TLC V-NAND V3 flash Samsung K90MGY8S7M-CCK0 - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 960 Pro SM961 M.2 PCi-e NVMe SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-V6P1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) controller Samsung 48-layer multi-level cell (MLC) V-NAND, pseudo-SLC cache or LPDDR3-1866 Samsung K4E8E304EE-EGCF |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *Rev 0 MZ-VLB256A, MZ-VLB512A, MZ-VLB1T0A, *Rev 0 MZ-VLB2560, MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HAJQ, MZ-VLB1T00, *Rev ? MZ-VLB256B, MZ-VLB512B, MZ-VLB1T0B, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache hybrid SLC Samsung’s TurboWrite - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981a 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HBJQ-000L7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991 NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ2560 MZVLQ256HBJD-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991a NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ256B MZVLQ256HBJD-00BH1, MZ-9LQ256C, MZ-VLQ512B MZVLQ512HBLU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 970 EVO Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Samsung Phoenix on Samsung LPDDR4 dram and 2 Samsung 9x-layer V-NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 EVO Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V8P1T0BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 originally made in Korea ([https://semiconductor.samsung.com/consumer-storage/support/tools/ 2tb firmware issues] with versions starting with 3) and year later Vietnam - DRAM |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9E2T0BW, MZ-V9E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo no DRAM so HMB Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) and Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) - |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM9A1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VL25120 MZVL2512HCJQ, MZVL21T00 MZVL21T0HCLR-00BL2, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 might be OEM variant of the 980 Pro |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM9B1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model--> *2023 MZ9L4256HCJQ-00BD1 MZ-9L4256A, , *2025 MZ-VL42560, MZ-VL45120, MZ-VL421T, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SSD controller is Marvell 88SS1322 Whistler Plus, no DRAM cache and Samsung 128-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO Plus m.2 nvme2.0 | <!--Model-->MZ-V9S2T0BW, MZ-V9S1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo with no DRAM so HMB and Samsung 236-Layer (V8) TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9P2T0BW, MZ-V9P1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 2tb early firmware issue - Samsung Pascal with DRAM LPDDR4 and 176-Layer V-NAND TLC - has had firmware design issues, causing premature failure - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 9100 PRO PCIe Gen5 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 510 G3 x4 nvme | <!--Model--> *ZP1000GM30001, *ZP500GM30021 P/N 2NT308-300, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad early batch - Phison E12 STXYP0160031 on SK Hynix DRAM DDR4 with Kioxia BiCS3 64L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda Q5 | <!--Model-->ZP500CV30001,ZP250CV30001,ZP1000CV30001 P/N 2ZK307-881,ZP2000CV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 PS5013-E13-31 from Phison, no DRAM cache and QLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 515 | <!--Model-->ZP500GV30001,ZP250GV30001,ZP1000GV30001,ZP2000GV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 no dram and qlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate FireCuda 520 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 ×4 NVMe 1.4 | <!--Model-->ZP2000GM30002, ZP1000GM30002, ZP500GM30002 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 520N m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP2000GV3A012, ZP1000GV3A012 and ZP500GV3A012 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP500GM3A013, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5018-E18 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 176L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model-->ZP1000CV3A002, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 540 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD85 m.2 nvme PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 [http://vlo.name:3000/ssdtool/ firmware tools] |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD90 PCIe 4.0 nvme | <!--Model-->SP250GBP44UD9005, SP500GBP44UD9005, SP01KGBP44UD9005, SP02KGBP44UD9005, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron TLC (B47R) but later no name QLC nand instead - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A60 A80 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 various originally an E12 drive with 64L Toshiba NAND, then had variations with E12S and SM2262EN as well as random 64L/96L, now it comes with a MAP1001A controller by Maxio and some YMTC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power US75 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC501 M.2 m.2 NVMe PCIe Gen3 SSD | <!--Model--> *Rev0 HFM256GDHTNG-8510B SSS0L24764, HFM256GDJTNG-8310A, *Rev1 HFM256GDHTNG-8310A SSS0Q68673, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC511 512GB NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->HFM256GDJTNI-82A0A HFM512GDGTNI-82A0A D P/N 0TG8T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix BC711 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model-->HFM001TD3JX013N, HFM512GD3JX013N, HFM256GD3JX013N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 okay but no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix PC711 m.2 2280 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> *HFS001TDE9X073N, HFS512GDE9X073N, HFS256GDE9X073N *HFS001TDE9X080N, HFS512GDE9X080N, HFS256GDE9X081N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC210 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC601 PCIe 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - Cepheus Plus YCN34PTA0FR Controller and 48L TLC Flash, pseudo-SLC cache and LPDDR4-3733 SK Hynix H9HCNNN8KUMLHR-NME dram - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC401 3rd gen PCIe | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Gold P31 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 SK hynix’s proprietary Cepheus controller |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix SK500 Gen 4 (x4) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Platinum P41 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Aries SSD controller with 176-Layer TLC flash - SK hynix LPDDR4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix PC801 PCIe Gen4 x4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->HFS001TEJ9X101N, HFS512GEJ9X101N, HFS256GEJ9X101N, HFS002TEJ9X101N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC901 m.2 nvme PCIe Gen4 2230 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Silicon Motion SM2269XT with no DRAM so HMB buffer cache - SK Hynix 176-layer TLC NAND flash 1TB only - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team | <!--Model-->TM8PS7512G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup MP34 | <!--Model-->MP34 256GB, MP34 512GB, MP34 1TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 good Phison E12 with DRAM NANYA DDR3L and Toshiba BiCS 3 64L TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea A440 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison PS5018-E18 NVMe 1.4 controller and Micron’s 96L TLC with SK hynix 8Gb DDR4 chips but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group TForce Cardea A440 Lite PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 dram-less E27T controller and 162L TLC but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team Z44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team MP44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E21T no DRAM so HMB with 176-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Team MP33Q | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - dramless maxio MAP1202 with TLC (MP33) or QLC (MP33Q) - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group QX GE Pro m.2 nvme PCIe5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 innogit IG5666 with QLC 3D 232L nand with DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force G70 Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 InnoGrit IG5236 (Rainier) with DRAM and NAND YMTC TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea Z540 m.2 nvme PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison E26 controller and 232L TLC and DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE110S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS128GMTE110S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE220S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS2TMTE220S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2230 TS256GMTE300S TS512GMTE300S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND, 1G and 2G get hot |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE400S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 mlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Union Memory (Shenzhen) AM6672 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM6A0 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Verbatim V15000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN720 M.2 2280 NVME PCIE for Data Centers | <!--Model-->SDAQNTW-512G-1001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2021 |- | <!--Brand-->WDC SN520 2230 Gen3 x2 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital ix sn530 M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 industrial sandisk controller and firmware, as well as 96-layer 3D TLC NAND memory that can work in TLC or SLC mode - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN730 Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 M.2 NVME | <!--Model-->SDBPNTY-1T00, SDBPNTY-512G-1012, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 to 2021 DRAM Cache DDR4-2666 CL18 Micron MT40A512M16LY-075:E (D9WFH) with Controller WD 20-82-00705-A2 Triton MP28 and NAND Flash Toshiba BiCS4 60082 512G (Rebranded by SanDisk) TLC 96-layer |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN750 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 64-layer 3D stacked NAND with 3 bits per cell TLC (Triple Level Cell) with 256MB of skhynix DRAM cache for every 250GB |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN850 m.2 nvme Gen4 PHY | <!--Model-->WDS100T1X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Sandisk G2 controller with Micron DDR4 cache - new nCache 4.0 slc cache total dynamic capacity spans one-third (300GB on 1TB) with a small static SLC cache (12GB on 1TB) from the Kioxia BiCS4 96L TLC 96-layer NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN550 Blue M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - various controllers and NANDs |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SN810 NVMe SSD 2280 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 slc cache - laptop oem only no retail version - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN850X | <!--Model-->WDS100T2X0E, WDS200T2X0E, WDS400T2X0E, WDS800T2X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 issues with early ssd firmware and AMD Zen 3 X570 and X670E chipsets - Sandisk A101000291-82 controller with 112-layer TLC and DDR4 DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN570 single-sided M.2 2280 (80mm) PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless - WD/SanDisk SSD controller with BiCS 5 3D NAND TLC 112-layer NAND flash memory - |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Black SN770 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->WDS100T3X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless cache with TLC |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green SN350 m.2 NVMe SSD | <!--Model-->WDS100T3G0C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 DRAM-less cache with SanDisk controller and QLC (quad-level cell) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->WD_BLACK SN750 SE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Phison E19T, dramless |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN740 M.2 (2230) PCIe 4.0 x4 2280 | <!--Model-->SDDQTQD-1T00, SDDPNQD-, SDDPNQD-256G-2006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless with SSD controller WD Sandisk 20-82-10081-A1 Polaris MP16+ with Toshiba BiCS5 112-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN580 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless SanDisk controller with (HMB) and 112-Layer Kioxia TLC (BiCS5) |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN8100 / Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 8100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX 5100 7100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 850X | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Zhitai (Yangtze Memory) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === Mini SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin PCIe 4×2 NVMe 1.3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 GPDwin5 and Oneplayer Superx hybrid - 3D TLC - LGA packaging - V1 slide tray mechanism - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- |} ==SATA== Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI), a programming interface for SATA host controllers. Platforms supporting AHCI may take advantage of performance features such as no master/slave designation for SATA devices — each device is treated as a master — and hardware-assisted native command queuing. AHCI may but not often also provides usability enhancements such as Hot-Plug (Desktop and Mobile Only). AHCI requires appropriate software support (e.g., an AHCI driver) AHCI, the underlying protocol for SATA, only supports one queue with 32 commands. The issue with AHCI is that it's going to take a pile of test hardware just to figure out all the different bugs in all the motherboard chipsets and add-on PCI cards that 'kinda' implement AHCI. Not to mention Silicon Image, which took a very different approach from Intel's AHCI in their SATA controllers. === SATA 7mm 2.5inch SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 240GB Ultimate SU630 2.5" | <!--Model-->ASU630SS-240GQ-R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su650 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU650SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su800 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU800 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI SM2258 controller with Micron 3D TLC NAND but low performance when data fills the SLC cache - slow write speed - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su680 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU680SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS340 Panther | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS350 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M225 SSD 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2009 sata2 3gbp/s |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial C300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 sata3 6gbps - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2011 Marvell 88SS9174-BKK2 processor, 25nm MLC NAND flash and 128MB dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M500 120Gb to 960Gb | <!--Model-->CT250M500SSD1, CT500M500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M550 120G to 1T | <!--Model-->CT250M550SSD1, CT500M550SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX100 | <!--Model-->CT500BX100SSD1, CT1000BX100SSD1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - no dram - Silicon Motion SM2246EN and ATA version ACS-2 - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache Micron controller and nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial MX200 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX300 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dramless cache - Micron ex Tidal controller and TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) bx500 2.5inch | <!--Model-->CT240BX500SSD1, CT480BX500SSD1, CT960BX500SSD1, CT1000BX500SSD1, CT2000BX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SM2258XT 4channel later SM2259XT paired with Micron’s latest 64-Layer 3D TLC flash but dramless SLC cache (part of the tlc flash) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX500 | <!--Model-->CT250MX500SSD1, CT500MX500SSD1, CT1000MX500SSD1, CT2000MX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - dram cache from 256M to 2G - discontinued end of 2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no dram cache, Hynix memory 3dv7-176l 176 layer QLC (one chip), either raymx rm1135, SM2259XT controller or Realtek rts5735dlq |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang ranxiana S102 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101Q 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX815 Standard 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FS810 Ultra 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertec FirestormLite 2.5inch | <!--Model-->S240GHS3-M or SDSSD240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertech | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral V2 Plus 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 520 Series 2.5 inch SATA 6Gb/s 2.5" SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SSDSC2CW240A3, SSDSC2CW480A3, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 LSI SandForce SF2281, Flash Memory Intel Synchronous 25nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro Series 1500 | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BF180A4L SSD0E38417, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel S3610 Series 2.5" 400GB 6GBPS SATA SSD | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BX400G4R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 data center |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD Pro 5400s 512 GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF512H6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3510 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDS2BB400G6, SSDSC2BB480G6R, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3520 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BB800G7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3710 Series 800GB 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BA800G4P, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 server |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 545S Series 256GB 512GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KW256G8X1, SSDSC2KW512G8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] SSD DC S4500 240GB 2.5inch - HP Enterprise | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KB240G7P | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingspec P3-512 P3-1T0 P3-2TO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston SSDNow 300 | <!--Model-->SV300S37A/240G, SV300S37A/120G, SV300S37A/60G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dramless - lsi sandforce SF2281 or JMicron JMF662 controller with Toshiba MLC or Intel MLC |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 120G to 960Gb 2.5inch | <!--Model-->SA400S37/240G SBFK61K1, SA400S37/480G, SA400S37/960G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 half case sized ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - t6 security torx into metal case - dram less - poor write speeds - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia formerly Toshiba HG6 2.5in | <!--Model--> *9.5mm THNSNJ512GBSU, THNSNJ256GBSU, THNSNJ128GBSU *7mm THNSNJ512GCSU THNSNJ512GCSY, THNSNJ256GCSU THNSNJ256GCSY, THNSNJ128GCSU THNSNJ128GCSY | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NS100 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->LNS100-1TRB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - Marvell 88NV1120 Artemis, a DRAM cache is not available and pseudo-SLC. Micron 64-layer TLC NAND flash 4 chips @ 512 Gbit TS7512G181 (Rebranded by Lexar) (256G) - 4 nand flash chips Lexar/TST22T181/ B1924 and one controller: Lexar DM918/NOD43 1907 (512G) - |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NQ100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - DM928 controller which operates without a DRAM buffer. Two 128GB Micron NAND flash chips |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LiteOn | <!--Model-->LCS-128L9S-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 no dram - sata2 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Matrix 256Gb 512GB SATA 2.5in SSD | <!--Model-->MIS512GSDS, MIS256GSDS | <!--Work MSDos-->UP TO 550MB/S | <!--Work GPT-->UP TO 500MB/S | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1100 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TBN-1AR1ZA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1300 2TB 1300 2.5" | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TDL-1AW1ZABHA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 - old sdd - TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Micron RealSSD C400 2.5inch | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK256MAM-1K12 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Mushkin Reactor | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC flash |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac SA500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y-20 Y20 2.5 inch sata SHENZHEN ORICO TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Orico S500-Pro s500pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Origin Storage Inception TLC830 Pro Series 2.5in SATA III SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D tlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P210 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> qlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P220 | <!--Model-->P220S2TB25 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Plextor M6V | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS900 2.5 in sata SSD | <!--Model-->SSD7CS900-480-PB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2311, CS3030 and Pro Elite SSDs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung SM PM | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->PM871a or PM871b? SM/PM = 2-bit or 3-bit MLC. PM = 3-bit MLC = TLC. 8 = generation = 8xx, 7 = model = 850 EVO (in this case), 1 = usage (e.g. 3 = datacenter). a/b = revision or type of flash, the 850 EVO had multiple revisions including at least three types of flash (32L, 48L, 64L) so a = 32/48L, b = 64L. At lower capacities it might use different flash, for example the 256GB SM951 utilizies 2D/planar while the higher capacities use 3D. OEM drives tend to have different, optimized firmware, so performance will not be the same |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE120 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 2.5in sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE5120 P/N MZ7TE512HMHP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-75E120, MZ-75E500 (P/N MZ7LN500) to MZ-75E4T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 Samsung MGX controller (S4LN062X01) up to 500GB capacities whilst Samsung MEX controller (3-core) beyond - Samsung TLC 3D V‐NAND 48 and later 64 layers and possibility of 256MB, 512MB or 1GB LPDDR2-1066 DRAM chip - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 PRO | <!--Model-->MZ-7KE1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN512A P/N MZ7LN512HMJP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM883 1.92TB | <!--Model-->MZ-7LH1T90 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) - 1gb LPDDR4-1866 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76E1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 QVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76Q1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 QVO 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN56F, MZ-77E1T0 P/N MZ7L31TOHBLB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 beware of bad batch early death - uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871b | <!--Model-->MZ7LN256HCHP-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra 3D/Extreme Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 SandForce SF-2281 dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDHP-256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell SS889175 processor with SanDisk's 19nm NAND and 128MB Samsung DDR2 DRAM chip |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Marvell 88SS9188 Marvell 88SS9187 with SanDisk 64Gbit 19nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDA-240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 pseudo SLC cache dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z400s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - Silicon Motion SM2246XT DRAM-less - budget end of market - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 4 NAND packages and marvell controller 88ss1074 on blue pcb - 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate BarraCuda Q1 SSD | <!--Model-->ZA240CV10001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 dramless A55 started with the Phison S10 but later the S11 i.e. Phison PS3111-S11-13 controller and 96-layer TLC NAND flash memory with a pseudo-SLC cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power Ace A55 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->sk hynix | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 sandforce controller - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SH910A | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Link_A_Media (LAMD) controller with eight 256Gbit H27QEGDVEBLR NAND 20nm hynix MLC - SK hynix H5PS1G83JFA DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->HFS256G32MND-3210A, HFS256G32MND-3312A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - red strip around edges - 8-channel controller SK hynix LM87810AA-A0 with DDR2 buffer chip and four pieces of 16nm hynix MLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SL300 series 2.5in SSD *3110A SL301STD *3210A *3300A *3310A | <!--Model-->HFS500G32TND, HFS256G32TNE, HFS128G32TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC - consumer line red in corners - SK hynix LM878100AA (HFS256G32MND-3312A) later SH87820BB and NAND 16nm hynix TLC - 256mb dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SC3 series 2.5in SSD *N1A0A , , *N1A1A *N1A2A SC308STD, *N2A0A , , SC311STD | <!--Model-->HFS512G32TNF-N2A0A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - red in corners - no dram and no SLC cache - Hynix ex Link_A_Media Devices (LAMD) SH87820BB 2c but poor mixed workload ability MLC - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team EX2 GX2 Elite QX | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP AX2 2.5 Inch SATA III Solid State Drive SSD | <!--Model-->T253A3512G0C101, T253A3001T0C101, T253A3002T0C101, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 3D NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup TF Vulcan Z 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dramless smi2259xt 128L tlc nand - |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup T-Force Vulcan ZQLC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram-less smi2259xt qlc 144L nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Topesel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend 220S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS120GSSD220S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 3D TLC without dram |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend SSD230S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS256GSSD230S TS512GSSD230S TS1TSSD230S TS2TSSD230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Viathan | <!--Model-->S001T3V | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red SA500 NAS | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 250Gb to 4Tb | <!--Model-->WDS400T3B0A WDS200T3B0A WDS100T3B0A WDS500G3B0A WDS250G3B0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SSD 2.5" | <!--Model-->WDS240G1G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green 200Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T2G0A WDS100T3G0A WDS480G2G0A WDS240G2G0A WDS120G2G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - cheap and slow ssd - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SA530 | <!--Model-->SDASB8Y-256G SD9SB8W, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.xray-disk.com xraydisk] 2.5 inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> from the manufacturer only - Phsion/SMI(2258XT)/Realtek/Yeestor |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Xum | <!--Model-->hx256gssdsata3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y3000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCie 3.0 |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y7000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCIe 4.0 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === SATA M.2 (M and B key) === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 2280 Sata | <!--Model-->AXNS381E-128GM-B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S201 m.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->S201 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN203 m.2 sata (oldtan, twipps, teexin aka Shenzhen Pingfan "Ordinary" Road Technology Co., Ltd) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 lifespan not long Maxio MAP + YMTC 128L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Foresee (Shenzhen Longsys) | <!--Model-->YSM80CD-128G YSDE128G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 88nv1120-bt22 T3WU030 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 2242 120G | <!--Model-->INSSD120GM242 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->INSSD256GM.26M2280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 256GB/512GB/1TB/2TB | <!--Model-->INSSD1TM280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 netac rebrand - no dram cache - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro ‎545S 2280 | <!--Model-->SSDSCKKF256G8H | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> no dram, TLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intenso M.2 internalSSD SATA III 1 TB | <!--Model-->Top | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 m.2 | <!--Model-->SA400M8/240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 entry level ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model-->RBU-SNS8350DES3128GP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston V300 | <!--Model-->SV300S3505AG | <!--Work MSDos-->{{yes}} | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Nightly Build 2014-09-18 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON SATA 128GB | <!--Model-->CV3-8D128-11 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON | <!--Model-->CV1-8B256-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lite-On | <!--Model-->L8H-256V2G-HP L8H-128V2G-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 2016 nanya nt5c864m16fp-dh |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LSI | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 SF37000 controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model-->M550 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron M600 enterprise m.2 sata up to 512GB | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256MBF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller, DRAM chip 256MB 533MHz LPDDR2, NAND for the 256GB drive MT29F1T08CQCCBG2-10:C 16nm MLC NAND each 128GB package |- | <!--Brand-->MICRON 1100 M.2 SATA 6Gb/s 2280 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256TBN HP P/N 903109-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y20M-2242 | <!--Model-->Y20M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM841 M.2 sata3 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-NTD2560/0L9 MZNTD256HAGL-000L9 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung CM871 Rev 0 | <!--Model-->MZNLF128HCHP-000H1 MZ-NLF1280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a m.2 Sata | <!--Model-->MZNLN256HMHQ, NLN512A P/N MZNLN512HMJP-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM871b | <!--Model-->MZNLN128HAHQ-000H1, MZNLN256HAJQ MZ-NLN256F MZ-NLN256C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM881 | <!--Model-->MZ-NLH1280 MZNLH128HBHQ-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X300 M.2 sata 2280 80mm SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD7SN6S-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk X400 SSD M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->SD8SN8U-128G-1006, SD8SN8U-256G-1006, SD8SN8U-512-1006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 SSD controller Marvell 88SS1074 four channel supports variety of NAND and up to 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X600 M.2 SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD9SN8W-128G-1006 SD9TN8W-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SANDISK X110 DELL 6T4HK M.2 2260 | <!--Model-->SD6SP1M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->SC308M280S HFS128G39TND | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 SH87820BB controller - No dram buffer - multi-level cell (MLC) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC311 HFS256G39TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC401 HFS256G39TNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->A55 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP Team MS30 SSD M.2 Sata 2280 | <!--Model-->TM8PS7001T0C101 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba RC100 (retail version of BG3) | <!--Model-->KBG30ZMV256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba HG6 m.2 | <!--Model-->THNSNJ512GDNU THNSNJ512G8NY, THNSNJ256GDNU THNSNJ256G8NY, THNSNJ128GDNU THNSNJ128G8NY, THNSNJ256GVNU THNSNJ128GVNU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA SSD M.2 2280 256GB | <!--Model-->KSG50ZMV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 | <!--Model-->KSG60ZMG256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->400 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS32GMTS400S TS64GMTS400S TS128GMTS400S | <!--Model-->400S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> DDR3 dram cache and mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->M.2 SSD 600 (2260), M.2 SSD 800S (2280) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS120GMTS420S TS240GMTS420S TS480GMTS420S | <!--Model-->420S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> can run hot slc cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS256GMTS430S TS512GMTS430S | <!--Model-->430S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache - 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS120GMTS820S TS240GMTS820S TS960GMTS820S | <!--Model-->820S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS256GMTS830S TS512GMTS830S TS1TMTS830S TS4TMTS830S | <!--Model-->830S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 120GB to 480Gb | <!--Model-->WDS480G2G0B WDS240G2G0B WDS120G2G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 made in malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 240Gb to | <!--Model-->WDS240G3G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 made in |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 M.2 SATA 250Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T3B0B WDS100T3B0B WDS500G3B0B WDS250G3B0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red 500GB 1TB 2TB | <!--Model-->SA500 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM610 m.2 sata | <!--Model-->SSS0R27339, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === mSATA SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fangxiang S301 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingchuxing | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model-->INSSD256GMSA MO-300 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc 3d nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron enterprise | <!--Model-->M600 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico ZH-10 ZH10 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO 1.8in | <!--Model-->MZ-M5E120BW, MZ-M5E250BW, MZ-M5E500BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 1.8" msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MTE256D P/N MZ-MTMTE256HMHP, MZ-MTE1T00, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MM6E250BW, MZ-M6E500BW, MZ-M6E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA370S | <!--Model-->MSA370S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA230S | <!--Model-->230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5inch Laptop Hard Disks === ====7mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP628230-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP552605-01 250Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP693440-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z5K320 Z5K500-500 Z5K100 series * 2013 HTS545050A7E380 HTS * 2015 HTS545050A7E680 HTS | <!--Model-->HTS 320GB 500Gb 1Tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z7K320 Z7K500 series | <!--Model-->HTS725050A7E630 320Gb HTS725050A7E635 500Gb 7200rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> avoid if it does not have the DCM code |- | <!--Brand-->HGST 1T 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HTS541010B7E610 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 128m cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus Thin | <!--Model-->ST500LT012 ST320LT012. ST250LT012 500Gb 320gb 250gb 2014 5.4K rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Thin SSHD 5400RPM Sata 2.5" | <!--Model-->ST500LM000 500GB, ST500LM001, ST500LM020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 up to 64M cache and with 8GB NAND Flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate MomentusThin-B Video 2.5 HDD * 2014 * 2015 * 2016 * 2017 | <!--Model-->ST500VT000 500GB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE Baracuda 2.5 5400 | <!--Model-->ST2000LM015 (2Gb), ST1000LM049 (1Tb), ST500LM030 (500Gb) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda Pro | <!--Model-->ST1000LM048 ST1000LM035 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> up to 128MB cache |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE FireCuda Compute 2.5 | <!--Model-->ST500LX025 ST1000LX015 ST2000LX001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 8GB NAND Commercial Multilevel Cell (cMLC), 128MB buffer and 5400-RPM spindle speed up to 140 MB/s |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 2.5in | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2018 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA MQ01ACF | <!--Model-->MQ01ACF050 500GB 7200rpm 2020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->western digital wd blue 500G 8meg cache 5400rpm * 2014 Rev T0 * 2015 Rev T1 | <!--Model-->wd5000lpvx | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012-2015 sequential 2MB block transfers 110 MB/s reading and writing - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2.5" WD Blue Slim | <!--Model-->WD10SPCX 1TB Nov 2016 | <!--Work MSDos-->{{Yes|hdd under partition table msdos/pc, boots on bios machines, will not on uefi machine}} | <!--Work GPT-->{{Unk|untested hdd under gpt partition protocol scheme, not booting on uefi}} | <!--Tested under-->AROS One 1.8 USB |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD5000LUCX 500Gb 5400rpm 16mb cache Rev Y0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 2017 Malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====9.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHW2040BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 40gig |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHY2080BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 80gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHW2120B | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS541010A9E662 type TS5SAF100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Travelstar 5K500.B-320 | <!--Model-->HTS545025B9SA02 HTS545032B9A300 HTS545040B9A300 HTS545050B9A300 250Gb 320Gb 400Gb 500Gb 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST 1TB 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung bought by Seagate late 2011 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate HD REV A (Jan 2014) | <!--Model-->ST1000LM024 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate 9.5mm * 2013 Rev A HN-M500MBB/I * 2014 Rev B HN-M500MBB/SP4 * 2015 Rev B HN-M500MBB/P4C | <!--Model-->ST500LM012 (500M) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus 5400.3 | <!--Model-->ST9160821AS | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 160gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1t | <!--Model-->ST1000LM014, ST1000LM028, ST1000LM015 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 8g nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1T | <!--Model-->ST1000LX001 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32G nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK2555GSX HDD2H24 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 250g 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK5065GSX - 500GB 5400RPM SATA 3Gb/s 8MB Cache 2.5-Inch | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MKxx59GSXP, eg Toshiba MK6459GSXP 640GB 2011 | <!--Work-->{{yes}} | <!--Tested under-->Icaros 2.2 with uses Advanced Format (AF) in 4,096 bytes per sector. Compatibility with legacy, 512 bytes through AF emulation techniques, called 512e |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2013 to 2016) | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2015 to 2020) *2013 *2014 *2015 AA50/AX0D5A *2016 AA60/AX0E1A * *2017 AGM AA01/AX002V *2018 AGS AA70/AX0G1A *2020 AA71/AX0G1A | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD050 500meg | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2013 | <!--Work-->{{Yes}} | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA | <!--Model-->MQ04ABD200 2TB 5400 RPM 128MB Cache SATA 6.0Gb/s | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD7500BPVX 2013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WESTERN DIGITAL 1TB 2.5" SATA DRIVE 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-80JC3T0 (OCT 2014) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , uses Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->WDC Western Digital Blue 1TB SATA 2.5" Hard Drive 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-08JC3T6 (Jun 2017) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD10JPCX 1Tb | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital * 2019 | <!--Model-->WD10JUCT 1TB (1000GB) 2019 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Scorpio Black * 2010 * 2014 | <!--Model-->WD5000BEKT, WD5000BPKX-22HPJT0, WD5000BPKT, | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 16m cache, 7200rpm thailand then malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Black * 2016 | <!--Model-->WD2500LPLX, WD3200LPLX, WD5000LPLX SMR: WD5000LPSX, WD10SPSX | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32m cache , 7200rpm SATA-III malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5in NON-Laptop Hard Disks === ====11mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu 160GB 250GB 300GB | <!--Model-->MHX2160BT, MHX2250BT, MHX2300BT | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->TP00640GB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====12.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====15mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 1TB IBM System X 15mm 2.5" SATA | <!--Model-->ST91000640NS 81Y9731 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->HL-DT-ST DVDRAM | <!--Model-->GSA T50L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage BD-Rom DVD Rewriter | <!--Model-->CT10N AFCK101 LGE-DMCT10A(B) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 5v 12.7mm fails early |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GT20L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009/2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Hitachi / LG | <!--Model-->GT30N GT32N GT30L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT50N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GU70N (HP/Dell), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GUD0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->GTA0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data | <!--Model-->GTC0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 12.7mm 5V 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->Uj870a Uj880 UJ890 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8A0 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic MATSHITA 12.7mm SATA DVD | <!--Model-->UJ8B0 (Asus K53S), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 12.7mm 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8B1 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8C0 UJ8C1 UJ8C2 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.6a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Precision Devices Co Ltd | <!--Model-->UJ8D0, UJ8D1 KCC-REM-PPD-UJ8D1 HP 657534-TC2, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 ok lifeline, |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8E2Q | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8FB | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5a 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DC-8A2SH, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A3S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A4SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DS-8A5LH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DU-8A6SH (HP) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips and LiteOn | <!--Model-->DS-8A8SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5a 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8A9SH DS8A9SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ABSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ACSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD Philips | <!--Model-->da-8aesh11b, DA-8AESH-24B | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2019 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Pioneer | <!--Model-->DVR-TD09TBG | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc SATA DVD | <!--Model-->AD-7561S, AD-7560S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7 MM |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7585H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm cleaning the laser lens inside the drive with a liquid lens cleaner. Also check the lens carrier slides freely from one extreme to the other inside the drive without sticking |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7580s, AD-7581s, AD-7583s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD7590s, AD-7591s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7700s, AD-7710h, AD-7701H, AD-7703S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7760H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7711H AD-7740H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S208B Ver BB Rev 00 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba TSSTCorp Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S083C Ver C Rev 03 /BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.5a 12.7 mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corp | <!--Model-->TS-L633 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} === [https://www.backblaze.com/cloud-storage/resources/hard-drive-test-data SATA Desktop 3.5inch Hard Disks] === Datasheets with the SMR (overlapped packing Shingled Magnetic Recording) and CMR (faster Conventional Magnetic Recording) parts <pre> WD: https://documents.westerndigital.com/content/dam/doc-library/en_us/assets/public/western-digital/product/internal-drives/wd-blue-hdd/product-brief-western-digital-wd-blue-pc-hdd.pdf Seagate: https://www.seagate.com/content/dam/seagate/migrated-assets/www-content/datasheets/pdfs/3-5-barracudaDS1900-14-2007US-en_US.pdf Toshiba: https://storage.toshiba.com/docs/support-docs/P300-SalesSheet_English_Web_r2.pdf </pre> {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Seagate Barracuda 7200.9 | ST3160812AS, ST3160212AS | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 - Capacity: 160 GB - Speed: 7200RPM - Cache: 8 MB - Interface: SATA2 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda LP Green 5400rpm | <!--Model-->ST1000DL002 1TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SkyHawk Surveillance HDD ST4000VX000 Series | <!--Model-->ST4000VX013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Baracuda Compute | <!--Model-->ST500DM009 2F110A-500 / 02PKVY / 2PKVY (500m), | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> - SATA III (6Gb/s) - Format 3.5" - 32MB Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate CMR | <!--Model-->ST1000DM010 ST500DM009 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 2TB SMR | <!--Model-->ST2000DM008 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SMR | <!--Model-->ST8000DM004 ST6000DM003 ST4000DM004 ST3000DM007 ST2000DM005 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD220 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD320 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba P300 CMR | <!--Model-->HDWD130XZSTA HDWD130UZSVA, HDWD120XZSTA HDWD120UZSVA, HDWD110XZSTA HDWD110UZSVA | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2010 | <!--Model-->WD20EARS Green 2TB 5400rpm 64mb cache | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD20EFRX WD40EFRX 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital | <!--Model-->WD4002FFWD | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD80EAAZ WD80EAZZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAZ, WD60EZAZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ, WD20EZAZ - 2TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAX - 4TB, WD60EZAX - 6TB, WD80EZAX - 8TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- |} ==PATA== === IDE Desktop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | M1624TAU | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | IBM | DHEA-38451 | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SP40A2H | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST3160215ACE | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST32122A | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD102AA | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD200 | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Laptop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHV2040AH | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Toshiba | MK2011GAP | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Compaq | CR-594-BCQ | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8322B(CP1) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8484B(AM2A) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | LTN-485 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Creative | CD220E | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Hitachi-LG | GDA-4120B | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | LG | CRD-8400B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Lite-On | LTN486S | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Mitsumi | CRMC-FX4830T | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | CDR-1700B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | DV-5800A | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | ND-2100A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | NR-7900A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Philips | DVD8631 | {{no}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Samsung | SC-148 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SCR-2030 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SM-348B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU601 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU611-25 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Toshiba | SD-M1202 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === IDE Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->H-L Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GCC-4244N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2006 |- | Hitachi-LG | GCCT10N | {{yes}} | {{Maybe|FryingPan WRITE seems to have no problem with data sections (track 1) - combos with audio sections (track 2) white screens aros eventually}} | AspireOS Xenon with 25th Jan 2014 self update kernel |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Philips | SDR089 | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L462C TS-L462D | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | 2005 Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L632H | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Sony | DW-Q58A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Sony Optiarc | AD-7540A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->Optiarc DVD RW AD-7560A IDE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7590A | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} == SCSI == {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} NVMe accepts up to 64,000 queues with up to 64,000 commands each. nphdk2ne1olqwxsdasf0lo6kk0uvkch 4634500 4634499 2026-05-06T19:04:41Z Jeff1138 301139 4634500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ArosNav}} ==Introduction== AROS supports hard disks and optical drives attached to several interfaces: * [[#NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)]] on the pci-e bus * [[#SATA]] aka Serial ATA or AHCI (IDE compatibility mode used in most cases) * IDE (also known as ATA, [[#PATA]] or Parallel ATA) * USB * SCSI limited ==PCI-e== ===NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)=== *Controller and firmware *DRAM better having if heavy workloads but not necessary for gaming *Cache like SLC HMB techniques *NAND (Main storage area with MLC, TLC or QLC versions of varying life expectancy) SSDs, USB flash drive, SD and Micro SD Cards have a limited amount of write cycles, therefore guaranteed to fail randomly and suddenly at any time. All SSDs are prone to corrupt firmware due to poor quality NAND where both the data and the firmware resides. The drive tends to go read only when too many errors occur before complete failure. That is up to 10 years for things like memory cards and USB sticks. In general, unless there is a firmware design issue, cheap materials used, stress like bending or overheating causing cold solder joints, an SSD can last a long time if minimal writing activity takes place but eventually if flash isn't written to, it degrades. Catch 22. Dram and cache are not the same thing. Dram stores the ssds indexes and metadata for faster data retrieval and wear leveling. The cache keeps part of the nand memory as SLC storage which can be written to faster. Basically all ssds will have a dynamic SLC cache where it will decrease as the drive fills up. Cache controller designs that are DRAM less use the internal SRAM cache in the controller to cache the NAND mapping table. It just requires a different mapping table design since SRAM caches are much smaller than DRAM. Ultimately the mapping table is still stored in NAND. General rule of thumb: the cheaper an SSD, the higher the likelihood it uses lower quality flash chips so sudden failing NAND, problematic controller chips (e.g. SandForce), outsourced firmware. Generic brand like old SP, Corsair or Crucial may be recoverable whilst major brands Samsung, Intel and Western Digital are impossible due to firmware encryption and customizations. Recommend sticking with older Silicon Motion or Phison controllers if possible. A ssd isn't good because it has dram or bad because it doesn't. Other things should be taken into account like sustained writes so check the TPU write intensive usage See [https://www.techpowerup.com/ssd-specs/ here] for more information {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="15%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="30%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 to - SM2259XT2 SM2263XT MAS0902 MAP1202 YS9082HP RM1135 RTS5765 PS3111 |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed OEMs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 to date - Realtek RTS5765/66 controller + Micron 96L (B27A) |- | <!--Brand-->Acer Predator GM7 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Acer drives built by Biwin, that also supplies HP, Maxio MAP1602A no DRAM so HMB, YMTC 128L TLC, |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 NVME IM2P33F8, IM2S3168 SSD | <!--Model-->IM2P33F8-512GD | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - industrial 12L 3D TLC NAND flash Supports LDPC ECC, RAID Engine, and SLC Cache End-to-End (E2E) Data Path Protection with Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. DRAMless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG SX8200 Pro M.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ASX8200PNP1TTC | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 NVM Express 1.3 SN2262G later SN2262EN chipset - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 256GB GEN4 x4 NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->SM2P41C3-256GC2 DP/N 0KM1Y6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 consumer |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG GAMMIX S50 Lite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Silicon Motion SM2267XT dramless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG ATOM 50 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Innogrit RainierQX IG5220 |- | <!--Brand-->Adata Legend 710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Legend 900 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Innogrit IG5216 controller, no DRAM so HMB which appears to be the standard - |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin NV7200 PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SM2263XT |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin NV7400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force LE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force Series MP500 MP510 M.2 NVMe PCIe Gen 3 x4 SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 PS5012-E12-27 from Phison, 64-layer TLC Toshiba BiCS flash, may have dram cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 96L QLC - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Elite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E16 and Bics DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Pro XT, PRO LPX, PRO NH PCIe4 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP600ECS Elite, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 DRAMless SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, BiCS6 162L QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Core XT | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison and Bics QLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP700 Pro PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP700PNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P1 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 QLC NAND but a controller with a DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P2 M.2 2280 Gen3 x4 NVM-express | <!--Model-->CT1000P2SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 dram-less Phison PS5013-E13-31 on 96-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 Plus M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->CT1000P3PSSD8 CT2000P3PSSD801 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with Host Memory Buffer HMB tech to use a small bit of system RAM as DRAM cache and Micron 176-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 M.2 nvme SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P3SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron QLC (N48R) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 m.2 nvme PCIe 4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 runs hot - Crucial NVMe with DRAM LPDDR4 and Micron 96L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 some have DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T500 Gen4.0 nvme 2.0 | <!--Model-->CT1000T500SSD8, CT2000T500SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison PS5025-E25 with micron B58R 232-layer 3D TLC NAND and Micron LPDDR4 DRAM cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T700 Gen5 SSD | <!--Model-->CT1000T700SSD3, CT2000T700SSD3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, Micron 232-layer NAND with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P310 M.2 2280 NVMe PCIe Gen4 SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P310SSD801 (2Tb), | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 DRAM-less Phison E27T Micron 232-layer NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T705 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 dramless Phison SSD controller |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 SMI SM2508 SSD controller dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN605 PCIe Gen3 x4 interface, NVMe 1.3 support | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN660 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN760 PCIe Gen4 x4 M.2 NVMe 1.4 interface | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 gets hot |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN870 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 no dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN855 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S500 pro PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 MaxioTech MAP1202A-F1C with YMTC 128L and pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S660 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S880/R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S770 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX550 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN501 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->FIKWOT FN950 FN955 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 MAP1602 (at 1600 MT/s) flash YMTC TLC no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX991 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->FW-FX991-2TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN960 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN970 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Geil ZEN ITH m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->S3-240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus Gen4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash - DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus 10000 PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->HP EX950 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HP FX900 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dram less |- | <!--Brand-->HP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M2 Series NVME M.2 2280 PCIe Gen 3x4 | <!--Model-->INSSD500GM280NM2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Professional TLC E12S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E18 |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Gaming performance Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash |- | <!--Brand-->Inland TD510 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM DDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->intel SSD Pro 7600p Series M.2 80mm 2280 PCIe 3.0 x4, 3D TLC | <!--Model-->SSDPEKKF512GB, SSDPEKKF256G8L, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel 660p m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ssdpeknw010tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 SMI SM2263 controller with 1GB DRAM cache and 1TB of Intel QLC NAND similar to crucial P1 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] 670p | <!--Model-->SSDPEKNU010TZ | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 256 MB DDR3L cache and 12-140 GB SLC-Cache QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Intel P4511 m.2 nvme PCIe3.1 x4 22110 110mm | <!--Model-->SSDPELKX020T8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 very long |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A1000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA1000M8/480G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A2000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA2000M8/250G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston KC3000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] PS5018-E18 PCIe 4.0 x4 NVMe controller and Micron’s 176L TLC NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV1 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model-->SNV1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 entry-level consumer DRAMless Phison E13T or Silicon Motion 4-channel SM2263XT - one brand TLC up to 1Tb and QLC after - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV2 | <!--Model-->SNV2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 entry-level, first SMI SM2267XT or Phison E19T and later SMI SM2269XT or Phison E21T with various flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston FURY Renegade m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] Phison E18 controller, Micron 176L nand and ddr4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV3 | <!--Model-->SNV3S/500G, SNV3S/1000G, SNV3S/2000G, SNV3S/4000G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 entry-level, SMI SM2268XT2 or Phison E27T controller with BiCS6 TLC or QLC flash - dramless so hmb - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG4? M2 2280 NVMe PCIe SSD | <!--Model-->THNSF5512GPUK, THNSN51T02DUK, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 Phison has done custom controller work for Kioxia, and Kioxia has also worked with SMI and InnoGrit (the latter more recently). Kioxia label their controllers as their own but these are largely rebadged. |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG5 for Data Centres | <!--Model-->KXG5 KXG50ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 nanya ddr3 dram? with 64-layer BiCS 3D flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG6 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->KXG60ZNV512G, KXG60ZNV1T02, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 TC58NCP090GSD with DRAM NANYA LPDDR3 and Toshiba BiCS FLASH 96-layer 3D TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> *KBG40ZNS128G, KBG40ZNS256G, KBG40ZNS512G, KBG40ZNS1T02 *KBG40ZNT256G, *KBG40ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - no dram but NVMe's Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. portion of the system's RAM for caching - Toshiba's 96-Layer BiCS FLASH - seems Windows UASP driver and the JMS583 chipset interacts badly with the Kioxia BG4 - early firmware upgrade to prevent overheating hot - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG7 | <!--Model-->KXG70ZNV1T0G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 - might need firmware update on early 2tb 4tb versions - controller with sk hynix dram and tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G2 SSD series PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5012-E12S-32 aka TC58NC1201GST 4-channel controller along with KIOXIA proprietary 96-layer 3D TLC and "MG2h" version has BiCS4.5 which is faster than launch BiCS4 - - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG8 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 TC58NC0L1XGSD with DRAM LPDDR4 and 112-Layer Kioxia BiCS5 TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG5 | <!--Model-->KGB50ZNV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 HMB buffer |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G3 SSD series PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 has hmb, like most dram-less nvmes KIOXIA |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar 1TB SSD M.2 NVME 1.4 Gen3x4 M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->NM610Pro | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM620 *IG5216 (worse?) not great original 96L *MAP1202 YMTC up to 232L, or 176L Micron, TLC for the 1TB | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 a few versions all DRAM-less, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM790 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Maxio MAP1602 no DRAM so HMB with 232-Layer YMTC TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->EQ790 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Maxio MAP1602, no DRAM so HMB, Flash Memory 232-Layer YMTC TLC, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Liteon M.2 NVME 512GB SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->CAZ-51282512-Q11 DP/N 0K64PG | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2200S m.2 nvme 2200 series | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TCK, MTFDHBA512TCK | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 for a time, Micron controller with 64L TLC 3D Nand [https://www.dell.com/support/home/en-uk/drivers/driversdetails?driverid=3jg3g BSOD occurred as CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED] before self applied firmware [https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/downloads/ds119265-nvme-solid-state-drive-firmware-update-utility-for-windows-10-64-bit-thinkpad apparently it is related to the power management that disconnects the Micron SSD] |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2300 m.2 nvme Gen 3 x4 | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TDV P/N M02626-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 3400 M.2 NVME SSD Gen4 | <!--Model-->MTFDKBA512TFH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no cache |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2450 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 E19T |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2600 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison's PS5029-E29T SSD controller with Micron 276-layer G9 QLC NAND in a DRAMless - Adaptive Write Technology (AWT) using various NAND modes (SLC, TLC, and QLC) as a dynamic cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium S270 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium M450 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV2000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico J10 J-10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico D10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico e3500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico O7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P300 m.2 nvme pcie 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot Viper VP4300 Lite M.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2230 Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2140 CS2342 Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk 1T 2280 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 no dram, Memory QLC Intel 144 layer. Chip Realtek |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket Nano 2242 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-2130-512, SB-2280-1TB, SB-Rocket-NVME4-HTSK-2TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 PLUS m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-RKT4P-1TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E1? controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Phison E25 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM951 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZVLV1T | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 950 PRO PM961 M.2 2280 NVMe 1.3 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *MZ-VKW5120 *MZ-VLW2560 MZVLW256HEHP-000L7, MZ-VLW5120, MZ-SLW1T00 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - possibly 512M LPDDR3 Samsung K4E4E324EE-ECCF cache - Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) unit with Samsung 48-layer TLC V-NAND V3 flash Samsung K90MGY8S7M-CCK0 - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 960 Pro SM961 M.2 PCi-e NVMe SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-V6P1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) controller Samsung 48-layer multi-level cell (MLC) V-NAND, pseudo-SLC cache or LPDDR3-1866 Samsung K4E8E304EE-EGCF |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *Rev 0 MZ-VLB256A, MZ-VLB512A, MZ-VLB1T0A, *Rev 0 MZ-VLB2560, MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HAJQ, MZ-VLB1T00, *Rev ? MZ-VLB256B, MZ-VLB512B, MZ-VLB1T0B, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache hybrid SLC Samsung’s TurboWrite - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981a 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HBJQ-000L7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991 NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ2560 MZVLQ256HBJD-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991a NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ256B MZVLQ256HBJD-00BH1, MZ-9LQ256C, MZ-VLQ512B MZVLQ512HBLU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 970 EVO Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Samsung Phoenix on Samsung LPDDR4 dram and 2 Samsung 9x-layer V-NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 EVO Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V8P1T0BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 originally made in Korea ([https://semiconductor.samsung.com/consumer-storage/support/tools/ 2tb firmware issues] with versions starting with 3) and year later Vietnam - DRAM |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9E2T0BW, MZ-V9E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo no DRAM so HMB Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) and Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) - |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM9A1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VL25120 MZVL2512HCJQ, MZVL21T00 MZVL21T0HCLR-00BL2, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 might be OEM variant of the 980 Pro |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM9B1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model--> *2023 MZ9L4256HCJQ-00BD1 MZ-9L4256A, , *2025 MZ-VL42560, MZ-VL45120, MZ-VL421T, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SSD controller is Marvell 88SS1322 Whistler Plus, no DRAM cache and Samsung 128-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO Plus m.2 nvme2.0 | <!--Model-->MZ-V9S2T0BW, MZ-V9S1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo with no DRAM so HMB and Samsung 236-Layer (V8) TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9P2T0BW, MZ-V9P1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 2tb early firmware issue - Samsung Pascal with DRAM LPDDR4 and 176-Layer V-NAND TLC - has had firmware design issues, causing premature failure - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 9100 PRO PCIe Gen5 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 510 G3 x4 nvme | <!--Model--> *ZP1000GM30001, *ZP500GM30021 P/N 2NT308-300, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad early batch - Phison E12 STXYP0160031 on SK Hynix DRAM DDR4 with Kioxia BiCS3 64L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda Q5 | <!--Model-->ZP500CV30001,ZP250CV30001,ZP1000CV30001 P/N 2ZK307-881,ZP2000CV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 PS5013-E13-31 from Phison, no DRAM cache and QLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 515 | <!--Model-->ZP500GV30001,ZP250GV30001,ZP1000GV30001,ZP2000GV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 no dram and qlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate FireCuda 520 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 ×4 NVMe 1.4 | <!--Model-->ZP2000GM30002, ZP1000GM30002, ZP500GM30002 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 520N m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP2000GV3A012, ZP1000GV3A012 and ZP500GV3A012 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP500GM3A013, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5018-E18 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 176L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model-->ZP1000CV3A002, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 540 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD85 m.2 nvme PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 [http://vlo.name:3000/ssdtool/ firmware tools] |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD90 PCIe 4.0 nvme | <!--Model-->SP250GBP44UD9005, SP500GBP44UD9005, SP01KGBP44UD9005, SP02KGBP44UD9005, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron TLC (B47R) but later no name QLC nand instead - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A60 A80 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 various originally an E12 drive with 64L Toshiba NAND, then had variations with E12S and SM2262EN as well as random 64L/96L, now it comes with a MAP1001A controller by Maxio and some YMTC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power US75 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC501 M.2 m.2 NVMe PCIe Gen3 SSD | <!--Model--> *Rev0 HFM256GDHTNG-8510B SSS0L24764, HFM256GDJTNG-8310A, *Rev1 HFM256GDHTNG-8310A SSS0Q68673, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC511 512GB NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->HFM256GDJTNI-82A0A HFM512GDGTNI-82A0A D P/N 0TG8T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix BC711 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model-->HFM001TD3JX013N, HFM512GD3JX013N, HFM256GD3JX013N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 okay but no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix PC711 m.2 2280 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> *HFS001TDE9X073N, HFS512GDE9X073N, HFS256GDE9X073N *HFS001TDE9X080N, HFS512GDE9X080N, HFS256GDE9X081N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC210 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC601 PCIe 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - Cepheus Plus YCN34PTA0FR Controller and 48L TLC Flash, pseudo-SLC cache and LPDDR4-3733 SK Hynix H9HCNNN8KUMLHR-NME dram - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC401 3rd gen PCIe | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Gold P31 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 SK hynix’s proprietary Cepheus controller |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix SK500 Gen 4 (x4) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Platinum P41 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Aries SSD controller with 176-Layer TLC flash - SK hynix LPDDR4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix PC801 PCIe Gen4 x4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->HFS001TEJ9X101N, HFS512GEJ9X101N, HFS256GEJ9X101N, HFS002TEJ9X101N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC901 m.2 nvme PCIe Gen4 2230 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Silicon Motion SM2269XT with no DRAM so HMB buffer cache - SK Hynix 176-layer TLC NAND flash 1TB only - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team | <!--Model-->TM8PS7512G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup MP34 | <!--Model-->MP34 256GB, MP34 512GB, MP34 1TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 good Phison E12 with DRAM NANYA DDR3L and Toshiba BiCS 3 64L TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea A440 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison PS5018-E18 NVMe 1.4 controller and Micron’s 96L TLC with SK hynix 8Gb DDR4 chips but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group TForce Cardea A440 Lite PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 dram-less E27T controller and 162L TLC but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team Z44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team MP44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E21T no DRAM so HMB with 176-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Team MP33Q | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - dramless maxio MAP1202 with TLC (MP33) or QLC (MP33Q) - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group QX GE Pro m.2 nvme PCIe5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 innogit IG5666 with QLC 3D 232L nand with DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force G70 Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 InnoGrit IG5236 (Rainier) with DRAM and NAND YMTC TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea Z540 m.2 nvme PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison E26 controller and 232L TLC and DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE110S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS128GMTE110S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE220S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS2TMTE220S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2230 TS256GMTE300S TS512GMTE300S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND, 1G and 2G get hot |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE400S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 mlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Union Memory (Shenzhen) AM6672 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM6A0 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Verbatim V15000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN720 M.2 2280 NVME PCIE for Data Centers | <!--Model-->SDAQNTW-512G-1001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2021 |- | <!--Brand-->WDC SN520 2230 Gen3 x2 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital ix sn530 M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 industrial sandisk controller and firmware, as well as 96-layer 3D TLC NAND memory that can work in TLC or SLC mode - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN730 Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 M.2 NVME | <!--Model-->SDBPNTY-1T00, SDBPNTY-512G-1012, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 to 2021 DRAM Cache DDR4-2666 CL18 Micron MT40A512M16LY-075:E (D9WFH) with Controller WD 20-82-00705-A2 Triton MP28 and NAND Flash Toshiba BiCS4 60082 512G (Rebranded by SanDisk) TLC 96-layer |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN750 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 64-layer 3D stacked NAND with 3 bits per cell TLC (Triple Level Cell) with 256MB of skhynix DRAM cache for every 250GB |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN850 m.2 nvme Gen4 PHY | <!--Model-->WDS100T1X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Sandisk G2 controller with Micron DDR4 cache - new nCache 4.0 slc cache total dynamic capacity spans one-third (300GB on 1TB) with a small static SLC cache (12GB on 1TB) from the Kioxia BiCS4 96L TLC 96-layer NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN550 Blue M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - various controllers and NANDs |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SN810 NVMe SSD 2280 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 slc cache - laptop oem only no retail version - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN850X | <!--Model-->WDS100T2X0E, WDS200T2X0E, WDS400T2X0E, WDS800T2X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 issues with early ssd firmware and AMD Zen 3 X570 and X670E chipsets - Sandisk A101000291-82 controller with 112-layer TLC and DDR4 DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN570 single-sided M.2 2280 (80mm) PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless - WD/SanDisk SSD controller with BiCS 5 3D NAND TLC 112-layer NAND flash memory - |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Black SN770 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->WDS100T3X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless cache with TLC |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green SN350 m.2 NVMe SSD | <!--Model-->WDS100T3G0C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 DRAM-less cache with SanDisk controller and QLC (quad-level cell) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->WD_BLACK SN750 SE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Phison E19T, dramless |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN740 M.2 (2230) PCIe 4.0 x4 2280 | <!--Model-->SDDQTQD-1T00, SDDPNQD-, SDDPNQD-256G-2006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless with SSD controller WD Sandisk 20-82-10081-A1 Polaris MP16+ with Toshiba BiCS5 112-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN580 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless SanDisk controller with (HMB) and 112-Layer Kioxia TLC (BiCS5) |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN8100 / Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 8100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX 5100 7100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 850X | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Zhitai (Yangtze Memory) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === Mini SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin PCIe 4×2 NVMe 1.3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 GPDwin5 and Oneplayer Superx hybrid - 3D TLC - LGA packaging - V1 slide tray mechanism - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- |} ==SATA== Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI), a programming interface for SATA host controllers. Platforms supporting AHCI may take advantage of performance features such as no master/slave designation for SATA devices — each device is treated as a master — and hardware-assisted native command queuing. AHCI may but not often also provides usability enhancements such as Hot-Plug (Desktop and Mobile Only). AHCI requires appropriate software support (e.g., an AHCI driver) AHCI, the underlying protocol for SATA, only supports one queue with 32 commands. The issue with AHCI is that it's going to take a pile of test hardware just to figure out all the different bugs in all the motherboard chipsets and add-on PCI cards that 'kinda' implement AHCI. Not to mention Silicon Image, which took a very different approach from Intel's AHCI in their SATA controllers. === SATA 7mm 2.5inch SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 240GB Ultimate SU630 2.5" | <!--Model-->ASU630SS-240GQ-R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su650 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU650SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su800 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU800 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI SM2258 controller with Micron 3D TLC NAND but low performance when data fills the SLC cache - slow write speed - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su680 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU680SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS340 Panther | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS350 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M225 SSD 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2009 sata2 3gbp/s |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial C300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 sata3 6gbps - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2011 Marvell 88SS9174-BKK2 processor, 25nm MLC NAND flash and 128MB dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M500 120Gb to 960Gb | <!--Model-->CT250M500SSD1, CT500M500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M550 120G to 1T | <!--Model-->CT250M550SSD1, CT500M550SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX100 | <!--Model-->CT500BX100SSD1, CT1000BX100SSD1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - no dram - Silicon Motion SM2246EN and ATA version ACS-2 - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache Micron controller and nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial MX200 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX300 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dramless cache - Micron ex Tidal controller and TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) bx500 2.5inch | <!--Model-->CT240BX500SSD1, CT480BX500SSD1, CT960BX500SSD1, CT1000BX500SSD1, CT2000BX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SM2258XT 4channel later SM2259XT paired with Micron’s latest 64-Layer 3D TLC flash but dramless SLC cache (part of the tlc flash) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX500 | <!--Model-->CT250MX500SSD1, CT500MX500SSD1, CT1000MX500SSD1, CT2000MX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - dram cache from 256M to 2G - discontinued end of 2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no dram cache, Hynix memory 3dv7-176l 176 layer QLC (one chip), either raymx rm1135, SM2259XT controller or Realtek rts5735dlq |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang ranxiana S102 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101Q 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX815 Standard 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FS810 Ultra 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertec FirestormLite 2.5inch | <!--Model-->S240GHS3-M or SDSSD240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertech | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral V2 Plus 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 520 Series 2.5 inch SATA 6Gb/s 2.5" SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SSDSC2CW240A3, SSDSC2CW480A3, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 LSI SandForce SF2281, Flash Memory Intel Synchronous 25nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro Series 1500 | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BF180A4L SSD0E38417, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel S3610 Series 2.5" 400GB 6GBPS SATA SSD | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BX400G4R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 data center |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD Pro 5400s 512 GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF512H6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3510 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDS2BB400G6, SSDSC2BB480G6R, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3520 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BB800G7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3710 Series 800GB 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BA800G4P, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 server |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 545S Series 256GB 512GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KW256G8X1, SSDSC2KW512G8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] SSD DC S4500 240GB 2.5inch - HP Enterprise | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KB240G7P | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingspec P3-512 P3-1T0 P3-2TO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston SSDNow 300 | <!--Model-->SV300S37A/240G, SV300S37A/120G, SV300S37A/60G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dramless - lsi sandforce SF2281 or JMicron JMF662 controller with Toshiba MLC or Intel MLC |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 120G to 960Gb 2.5inch | <!--Model-->SA400S37/240G SBFK61K1, SA400S37/480G, SA400S37/960G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 half case sized ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - t6 security torx into metal case - dram less - poor write speeds - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia formerly Toshiba HG6 2.5in | <!--Model--> *9.5mm THNSNJ512GBSU, THNSNJ256GBSU, THNSNJ128GBSU *7mm THNSNJ512GCSU THNSNJ512GCSY, THNSNJ256GCSU THNSNJ256GCSY, THNSNJ128GCSU THNSNJ128GCSY | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NS100 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->LNS100-1TRB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - Marvell 88NV1120 Artemis, a DRAM cache is not available and pseudo-SLC. Micron 64-layer TLC NAND flash 4 chips @ 512 Gbit TS7512G181 (Rebranded by Lexar) (256G) - 4 nand flash chips Lexar/TST22T181/ B1924 and one controller: Lexar DM918/NOD43 1907 (512G) - |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NQ100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - DM928 controller which operates without a DRAM buffer. Two 128GB Micron NAND flash chips |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LiteOn | <!--Model-->LCS-128L9S-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 no dram - sata2 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Matrix 256Gb 512GB SATA 2.5in SSD | <!--Model-->MIS512GSDS, MIS256GSDS | <!--Work MSDos-->UP TO 550MB/S | <!--Work GPT-->UP TO 500MB/S | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1100 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TBN-1AR1ZA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1300 2TB 1300 2.5" | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TDL-1AW1ZABHA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 - old sdd - TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Micron RealSSD C400 2.5inch | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK256MAM-1K12 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Mushkin Reactor | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC flash |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac SA500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y-20 Y20 2.5 inch sata SHENZHEN ORICO TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Orico S500-Pro s500pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Origin Storage Inception TLC830 Pro Series 2.5in SATA III SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D tlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P210 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> qlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P220 | <!--Model-->P220S2TB25 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Plextor M6V | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS900 2.5 in sata SSD | <!--Model-->SSD7CS900-480-PB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2311, CS3030 and Pro Elite SSDs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung SM PM | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->PM871a or PM871b? SM/PM = 2-bit or 3-bit MLC. PM = 3-bit MLC = TLC. 8 = generation = 8xx, 7 = model = 850 EVO (in this case), 1 = usage (e.g. 3 = datacenter). a/b = revision or type of flash, the 850 EVO had multiple revisions including at least three types of flash (32L, 48L, 64L) so a = 32/48L, b = 64L. At lower capacities it might use different flash, for example the 256GB SM951 utilizies 2D/planar while the higher capacities use 3D. OEM drives tend to have different, optimized firmware, so performance will not be the same |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE120 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 2.5in sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE5120 P/N MZ7TE512HMHP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-75E120, MZ-75E500 (P/N MZ7LN500) to MZ-75E4T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 Samsung MGX controller (S4LN062X01) up to 500GB capacities whilst Samsung MEX controller (3-core) beyond - Samsung TLC 3D V‐NAND 48 and later 64 layers and possibility of 256MB, 512MB or 1GB LPDDR2-1066 DRAM chip - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 PRO | <!--Model-->MZ-7KE1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN512A P/N MZ7LN512HMJP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM883 1.92TB | <!--Model-->MZ-7LH1T90 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) - 1gb LPDDR4-1866 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76E1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 QVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76Q1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 QVO 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN56F, MZ-77E1T0 P/N MZ7L31TOHBLB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 beware of bad batch early death - uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871b | <!--Model-->MZ7LN256HCHP-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra 3D/Extreme Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 SandForce SF-2281 dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDHP-256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell SS889175 processor with SanDisk's 19nm NAND and 128MB Samsung DDR2 DRAM chip |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Marvell 88SS9188 Marvell 88SS9187 with SanDisk 64Gbit 19nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDA-240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 pseudo SLC cache dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z400s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - Silicon Motion SM2246XT DRAM-less - budget end of market - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 4 NAND packages and marvell controller 88ss1074 on blue pcb - 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate BarraCuda Q1 SSD | <!--Model-->ZA240CV10001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 dramless A55 started with the Phison S10 but later the S11 i.e. Phison PS3111-S11-13 controller and 96-layer TLC NAND flash memory with a pseudo-SLC cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power Ace A55 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->sk hynix | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 sandforce controller - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SH910A | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Link_A_Media (LAMD) controller with eight 256Gbit H27QEGDVEBLR NAND 20nm hynix MLC - SK hynix H5PS1G83JFA DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->HFS256G32MND-3210A, HFS256G32MND-3312A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - red strip around edges - 8-channel controller SK hynix LM87810AA-A0 with DDR2 buffer chip and four pieces of 16nm hynix MLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SL300 series 2.5in SSD *3110A SL301STD *3210A *3300A *3310A | <!--Model-->HFS500G32TND, HFS256G32TNE, HFS128G32TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC - consumer line red in corners - SK hynix LM878100AA (HFS256G32MND-3312A) later SH87820BB and NAND 16nm hynix TLC - 256mb dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SC3 series 2.5in SSD *N1A0A , , *N1A1A *N1A2A SC308STD, *N2A0A , , SC311STD | <!--Model-->HFS512G32TNF-N2A0A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - red in corners - no dram and no SLC cache - Hynix ex Link_A_Media Devices (LAMD) SH87820BB 2c but poor mixed workload ability MLC - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team EX2 GX2 Elite QX | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP AX2 2.5 Inch SATA III Solid State Drive SSD | <!--Model-->T253A3512G0C101, T253A3001T0C101, T253A3002T0C101, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 3D NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup TF Vulcan Z 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dramless smi2259xt 128L tlc nand - |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup T-Force Vulcan ZQLC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram-less smi2259xt qlc 144L nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Topesel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend 220S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS120GSSD220S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 3D TLC without dram |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend SSD230S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS256GSSD230S TS512GSSD230S TS1TSSD230S TS2TSSD230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Viathan | <!--Model-->S001T3V | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red SA500 NAS | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 250Gb to 4Tb | <!--Model-->WDS400T3B0A WDS200T3B0A WDS100T3B0A WDS500G3B0A WDS250G3B0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SSD 2.5" | <!--Model-->WDS240G1G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green 200Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T2G0A WDS100T3G0A WDS480G2G0A WDS240G2G0A WDS120G2G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - cheap and slow ssd - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SA530 | <!--Model-->SDASB8Y-256G SD9SB8W, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.xray-disk.com xraydisk] 2.5 inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> from the manufacturer only - Phsion/SMI(2258XT)/Realtek/Yeestor |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Xum | <!--Model-->hx256gssdsata3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y3000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCie 3.0 |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y7000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCIe 4.0 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === SATA M.2 (M and B key) === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 2280 Sata | <!--Model-->AXNS381E-128GM-B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S201 m.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->S201 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN203 m.2 sata (oldtan, twipps, teexin aka Shenzhen Pingfan "Ordinary" Road Technology Co., Ltd) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 lifespan not long Maxio MAP + YMTC 128L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Foresee (Shenzhen Longsys) | <!--Model-->YSM80CD-128G YSDE128G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 88nv1120-bt22 T3WU030 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 2242 120G | <!--Model-->INSSD120GM242 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->INSSD256GM.26M2280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 256GB/512GB/1TB/2TB | <!--Model-->INSSD1TM280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 netac rebrand - no dram cache - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro ‎545S 2280 | <!--Model-->SSDSCKKF256G8H | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> no dram, TLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intenso M.2 internalSSD SATA III 1 TB | <!--Model-->Top | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 m.2 | <!--Model-->SA400M8/240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 entry level ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model-->RBU-SNS8350DES3128GP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston V300 | <!--Model-->SV300S3505AG | <!--Work MSDos-->{{yes}} | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Nightly Build 2014-09-18 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON SATA 128GB | <!--Model-->CV3-8D128-11 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON | <!--Model-->CV1-8B256-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lite-On | <!--Model-->L8H-256V2G-HP L8H-128V2G-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 2016 nanya nt5c864m16fp-dh |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LSI | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 SF37000 controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model-->M550 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron M600 enterprise m.2 sata up to 512GB | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256MBF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller, DRAM chip 256MB 533MHz LPDDR2, NAND for the 256GB drive MT29F1T08CQCCBG2-10:C 16nm MLC NAND each 128GB package |- | <!--Brand-->MICRON 1100 M.2 SATA 6Gb/s 2280 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256TBN HP P/N 903109-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y20M-2242 | <!--Model-->Y20M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM841 M.2 sata3 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-NTD2560/0L9 MZNTD256HAGL-000L9 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung CM871 Rev 0 | <!--Model-->MZNLF128HCHP-000H1 MZ-NLF1280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a m.2 Sata | <!--Model-->MZNLN256HMHQ, NLN512A P/N MZNLN512HMJP-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM871b | <!--Model-->MZNLN128HAHQ-000H1, MZNLN256HAJQ MZ-NLN256F MZ-NLN256C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM881 | <!--Model-->MZ-NLH1280 MZNLH128HBHQ-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X300 M.2 sata 2280 80mm SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD7SN6S-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk X400 SSD M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->SD8SN8U-128G-1006, SD8SN8U-256G-1006, SD8SN8U-512-1006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 SSD controller Marvell 88SS1074 four channel supports variety of NAND and up to 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X600 M.2 SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD9SN8W-128G-1006 SD9TN8W-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SANDISK X110 DELL 6T4HK M.2 2260 | <!--Model-->SD6SP1M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->SC308M280S HFS128G39TND | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 SH87820BB controller - No dram buffer - multi-level cell (MLC) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC311 HFS256G39TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC401 HFS256G39TNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->A55 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP Team MS30 SSD M.2 Sata 2280 | <!--Model-->TM8PS7001T0C101 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba RC100 (retail version of BG3) | <!--Model-->KBG30ZMV256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba HG6 m.2 | <!--Model-->THNSNJ512GDNU THNSNJ512G8NY, THNSNJ256GDNU THNSNJ256G8NY, THNSNJ128GDNU THNSNJ128G8NY, THNSNJ256GVNU THNSNJ128GVNU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA SSD M.2 2280 256GB | <!--Model-->KSG50ZMV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 | <!--Model-->KSG60ZMG256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->400 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS32GMTS400S TS64GMTS400S TS128GMTS400S | <!--Model-->400S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> DDR3 dram cache and mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->M.2 SSD 600 (2260), M.2 SSD 800S (2280) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS120GMTS420S TS240GMTS420S TS480GMTS420S | <!--Model-->420S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> can run hot slc cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS256GMTS430S TS512GMTS430S | <!--Model-->430S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache - 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS120GMTS820S TS240GMTS820S TS960GMTS820S | <!--Model-->820S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS256GMTS830S TS512GMTS830S TS1TMTS830S TS4TMTS830S | <!--Model-->830S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 120GB to 480Gb | <!--Model-->WDS480G2G0B WDS240G2G0B WDS120G2G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 made in malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 240Gb to | <!--Model-->WDS240G3G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 made in |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 M.2 SATA 250Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T3B0B WDS100T3B0B WDS500G3B0B WDS250G3B0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red 500GB 1TB 2TB | <!--Model-->SA500 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM610 m.2 sata | <!--Model-->SSS0R27339, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === mSATA SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fangxiang S301 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingchuxing | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model-->INSSD256GMSA MO-300 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc 3d nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron enterprise | <!--Model-->M600 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico ZH-10 ZH10 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO 1.8in | <!--Model-->MZ-M5E120BW, MZ-M5E250BW, MZ-M5E500BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 1.8" msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MTE256D P/N MZ-MTMTE256HMHP, MZ-MTE1T00, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MM6E250BW, MZ-M6E500BW, MZ-M6E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA370S | <!--Model-->MSA370S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA230S | <!--Model-->230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5inch Laptop Hard Disks === ====7mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP628230-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP552605-01 250Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP693440-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z5K320 Z5K500-500 Z5K100 series * 2013 HTS545050A7E380 HTS * 2015 HTS545050A7E680 HTS | <!--Model-->HTS 320GB 500Gb 1Tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z7K320 Z7K500 series | <!--Model-->HTS725050A7E630 320Gb HTS725050A7E635 500Gb 7200rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> avoid if it does not have the DCM code |- | <!--Brand-->HGST 1T 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HTS541010B7E610 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 128m cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus Thin | <!--Model-->ST500LT012 ST320LT012. ST250LT012 500Gb 320gb 250gb 2014 5.4K rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Thin SSHD 5400RPM Sata 2.5" | <!--Model-->ST500LM000 500GB, ST500LM001, ST500LM020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 up to 64M cache and with 8GB NAND Flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate MomentusThin-B Video 2.5 HDD * 2014 * 2015 * 2016 * 2017 | <!--Model-->ST500VT000 500GB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE Baracuda 2.5 5400 | <!--Model-->ST2000LM015 (2Gb), ST1000LM049 (1Tb), ST500LM030 (500Gb) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda Pro | <!--Model-->ST1000LM048 ST1000LM035 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> up to 128MB cache |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE FireCuda Compute 2.5 | <!--Model-->ST500LX025 ST1000LX015 ST2000LX001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 8GB NAND Commercial Multilevel Cell (cMLC), 128MB buffer and 5400-RPM spindle speed up to 140 MB/s |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 2.5in | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2018 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA MQ01ACF | <!--Model-->MQ01ACF050 500GB 7200rpm 2020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->western digital wd blue 500G 8meg cache 5400rpm * 2014 Rev T0 * 2015 Rev T1 | <!--Model-->wd5000lpvx | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012-2015 sequential 2MB block transfers 110 MB/s reading and writing - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2.5" WD Blue Slim | <!--Model-->WD10SPCX 1TB Nov 2016 | <!--Work MSDos-->{{Yes|hdd under partition table msdos/pc, boots on bios machines, will not on uefi machine}} | <!--Work GPT-->{{Unk|untested hdd under gpt partition protocol scheme, not booting on uefi}} | <!--Tested under-->AROS One 1.8 USB |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD5000LUCX 500Gb 5400rpm 16mb cache Rev Y0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 2017 Malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====9.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHW2040BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 40gig |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHY2080BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 80gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHW2120B | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS541010A9E662 type TS5SAF100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Travelstar 5K500.B-320 | <!--Model-->HTS545025B9SA02 HTS545032B9A300 HTS545040B9A300 HTS545050B9A300 250Gb 320Gb 400Gb 500Gb 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST 1TB 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung bought by Seagate late 2011 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate HD REV A (Jan 2014) | <!--Model-->ST1000LM024 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate 9.5mm * 2013 Rev A HN-M500MBB/I * 2014 Rev B HN-M500MBB/SP4 * 2015 Rev B HN-M500MBB/P4C | <!--Model-->ST500LM012 (500M) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus 5400.3 | <!--Model-->ST9160821AS | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 160gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1t | <!--Model-->ST1000LM014, ST1000LM028, ST1000LM015 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 8g nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1T | <!--Model-->ST1000LX001 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32G nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK2555GSX HDD2H24 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 250g 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK5065GSX - 500GB 5400RPM SATA 3Gb/s 8MB Cache 2.5-Inch | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MKxx59GSXP, eg Toshiba MK6459GSXP 640GB 2011 | <!--Work-->{{yes}} | <!--Tested under-->Icaros 2.2 with uses Advanced Format (AF) in 4,096 bytes per sector. Compatibility with legacy, 512 bytes through AF emulation techniques, called 512e |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2013 to 2016) | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2015 to 2020) *2013 *2014 *2015 AA50/AX0D5A *2016 AA60/AX0E1A * *2017 AGM AA01/AX002V *2018 AGS AA70/AX0G1A *2020 AA71/AX0G1A | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD050 500meg | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2013 | <!--Work-->{{Yes}} | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA | <!--Model-->MQ04ABD200 2TB 5400 RPM 128MB Cache SATA 6.0Gb/s | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD7500BPVX 2013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WESTERN DIGITAL 1TB 2.5" SATA DRIVE 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-80JC3T0 (OCT 2014) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , uses Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->WDC Western Digital Blue 1TB SATA 2.5" Hard Drive 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-08JC3T6 (Jun 2017) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD10JPCX 1Tb | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital * 2019 | <!--Model-->WD10JUCT 1TB (1000GB) 2019 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Scorpio Black * 2010 * 2014 | <!--Model-->WD5000BEKT, WD5000BPKX-22HPJT0, WD5000BPKT, | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 16m cache, 7200rpm thailand then malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Black * 2016 | <!--Model-->WD2500LPLX, WD3200LPLX, WD5000LPLX SMR: WD5000LPSX, WD10SPSX | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32m cache , 7200rpm SATA-III malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5in NON-Laptop Hard Disks === ====11mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu 160GB 250GB 300GB | <!--Model-->MHX2160BT, MHX2250BT, MHX2300BT | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->TP00640GB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====12.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====15mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 1TB IBM System X 15mm 2.5" SATA | <!--Model-->ST91000640NS 81Y9731 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->HL-DT-ST DVDRAM | <!--Model-->GSA T50L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage BD-Rom DVD Rewriter | <!--Model-->CT10N AFCK101 LGE-DMCT10A(B) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 5v 12.7mm fails early |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GT20L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009/2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Hitachi / LG | <!--Model-->GT30N GT32N GT30L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT50N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GU70N (HP/Dell), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GUD0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->GTA0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data | <!--Model-->GTC0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 12.7mm 5V 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS Super Multi DVD Writer | <!--Model-->GUD1N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-GU90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2017 9.5mm 5v 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->Uj870a Uj880 UJ890 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8A0 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic MATSHITA 12.7mm SATA DVD | <!--Model-->UJ8B0 (Asus K53S), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 12.7mm 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8B1 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8C0 UJ8C1 UJ8C2 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.6a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Precision Devices Co Ltd | <!--Model-->UJ8D0, UJ8D1 KCC-REM-PPD-UJ8D1 HP 657534-TC2, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 ok lifeline, |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8E2Q | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8FB | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5a 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DC-8A2SH, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A3S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A4SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DS-8A5LH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DU-8A6SH (HP) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips and LiteOn | <!--Model-->DS-8A8SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5a 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8A9SH DS8A9SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ABSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ACSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD Philips | <!--Model-->da-8aesh11b, DA-8AESH-24B | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2019 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Pioneer | <!--Model-->DVR-TD09TBG | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc SATA DVD | <!--Model-->AD-7561S, AD-7560S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7 MM |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7585H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm cleaning the laser lens inside the drive with a liquid lens cleaner. Also check the lens carrier slides freely from one extreme to the other inside the drive without sticking |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7580s, AD-7581s, AD-7583s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD7590s, AD-7591s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7700s, AD-7710h, AD-7701H, AD-7703S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7760H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7711H AD-7740H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S208B Ver BB Rev 00 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba TSSTCorp Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S083C Ver C Rev 03 /BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.5a 12.7 mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corp | <!--Model-->TS-L633 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} === [https://www.backblaze.com/cloud-storage/resources/hard-drive-test-data SATA Desktop 3.5inch Hard Disks] === Datasheets with the SMR (overlapped packing Shingled Magnetic Recording) and CMR (faster Conventional Magnetic Recording) parts <pre> WD: https://documents.westerndigital.com/content/dam/doc-library/en_us/assets/public/western-digital/product/internal-drives/wd-blue-hdd/product-brief-western-digital-wd-blue-pc-hdd.pdf Seagate: https://www.seagate.com/content/dam/seagate/migrated-assets/www-content/datasheets/pdfs/3-5-barracudaDS1900-14-2007US-en_US.pdf Toshiba: https://storage.toshiba.com/docs/support-docs/P300-SalesSheet_English_Web_r2.pdf </pre> {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Seagate Barracuda 7200.9 | ST3160812AS, ST3160212AS | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 - Capacity: 160 GB - Speed: 7200RPM - Cache: 8 MB - Interface: SATA2 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda LP Green 5400rpm | <!--Model-->ST1000DL002 1TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SkyHawk Surveillance HDD ST4000VX000 Series | <!--Model-->ST4000VX013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Baracuda Compute | <!--Model-->ST500DM009 2F110A-500 / 02PKVY / 2PKVY (500m), | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> - SATA III (6Gb/s) - Format 3.5" - 32MB Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate CMR | <!--Model-->ST1000DM010 ST500DM009 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 2TB SMR | <!--Model-->ST2000DM008 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SMR | <!--Model-->ST8000DM004 ST6000DM003 ST4000DM004 ST3000DM007 ST2000DM005 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD220 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD320 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba P300 CMR | <!--Model-->HDWD130XZSTA HDWD130UZSVA, HDWD120XZSTA HDWD120UZSVA, HDWD110XZSTA HDWD110UZSVA | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2010 | <!--Model-->WD20EARS Green 2TB 5400rpm 64mb cache | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD20EFRX WD40EFRX 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital | <!--Model-->WD4002FFWD | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD80EAAZ WD80EAZZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAZ, WD60EZAZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ, WD20EZAZ - 2TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAX - 4TB, WD60EZAX - 6TB, WD80EZAX - 8TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- |} ==PATA== === IDE Desktop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | M1624TAU | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | IBM | DHEA-38451 | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SP40A2H | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST3160215ACE | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST32122A | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD102AA | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD200 | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Laptop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHV2040AH | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Toshiba | MK2011GAP | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Compaq | CR-594-BCQ | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8322B(CP1) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8484B(AM2A) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | LTN-485 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Creative | CD220E | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Hitachi-LG | GDA-4120B | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | LG | CRD-8400B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Lite-On | LTN486S | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Mitsumi | CRMC-FX4830T | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | CDR-1700B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | DV-5800A | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | ND-2100A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | NR-7900A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Philips | DVD8631 | {{no}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Samsung | SC-148 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SCR-2030 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SM-348B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU601 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU611-25 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Toshiba | SD-M1202 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === IDE Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->H-L Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GCC-4244N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2006 |- | Hitachi-LG | GCCT10N | {{yes}} | {{Maybe|FryingPan WRITE seems to have no problem with data sections (track 1) - combos with audio sections (track 2) white screens aros eventually}} | AspireOS Xenon with 25th Jan 2014 self update kernel |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Philips | SDR089 | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L462C TS-L462D | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | 2005 Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L632H | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Sony | DW-Q58A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Sony Optiarc | AD-7540A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->Optiarc DVD RW AD-7560A IDE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7590A | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} == SCSI == {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} NVMe accepts up to 64,000 queues with up to 64,000 commands each. qgbo39rzw9qanlh5qt6sv41mevqhnbr 4634501 4634500 2026-05-06T19:07:11Z Jeff1138 301139 4634501 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ArosNav}} ==Introduction== AROS supports hard disks and optical drives attached to several interfaces: * [[#NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)]] on the pci-e bus * [[#SATA]] aka Serial ATA or AHCI (IDE compatibility mode used in most cases) * IDE (also known as ATA, [[#PATA]] or Parallel ATA) * USB * SCSI limited ==PCI-e== ===NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)=== *Controller and firmware *DRAM better having if heavy workloads but not necessary for gaming *Cache like SLC HMB techniques *NAND (Main storage area with MLC, TLC or QLC versions of varying life expectancy) SSDs, USB flash drive, SD and Micro SD Cards have a limited amount of write cycles, therefore guaranteed to fail randomly and suddenly at any time. All SSDs are prone to corrupt firmware due to poor quality NAND where both the data and the firmware resides. The drive tends to go read only when too many errors occur before complete failure. That is up to 10 years for things like memory cards and USB sticks. In general, unless there is a firmware design issue, cheap materials used, stress like bending or overheating causing cold solder joints, an SSD can last a long time if minimal writing activity takes place but eventually if flash isn't written to, it degrades. Catch 22. Dram and cache are not the same thing. Dram stores the ssds indexes and metadata for faster data retrieval and wear leveling. The cache keeps part of the nand memory as SLC storage which can be written to faster. Basically all ssds will have a dynamic SLC cache where it will decrease as the drive fills up. Cache controller designs that are DRAM less use the internal SRAM cache in the controller to cache the NAND mapping table. It just requires a different mapping table design since SRAM caches are much smaller than DRAM. Ultimately the mapping table is still stored in NAND. General rule of thumb: the cheaper an SSD, the higher the likelihood it uses lower quality flash chips so sudden failing NAND, problematic controller chips (e.g. SandForce), outsourced firmware. Generic brand like old SP, Corsair or Crucial may be recoverable whilst major brands Samsung, Intel and Western Digital are impossible due to firmware encryption and customizations. Recommend sticking with older Silicon Motion or Phison controllers if possible. A ssd isn't good because it has dram or bad because it doesn't. Other things should be taken into account like sustained writes so check the TPU write intensive usage See [https://www.techpowerup.com/ssd-specs/ here] for more information {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="15%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="30%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 to - SM2259XT2 SM2263XT MAS0902 MAP1202 YS9082HP RM1135 RTS5765 PS3111 |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed OEMs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 to date - Realtek RTS5765/66 controller + Micron 96L (B27A) |- | <!--Brand-->Acer Predator GM7 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Acer drives built by Biwin, that also supplies HP, Maxio MAP1602A no DRAM so HMB, YMTC 128L TLC, |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 NVME IM2P33F8, IM2S3168 SSD | <!--Model-->IM2P33F8-512GD | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - industrial 12L 3D TLC NAND flash Supports LDPC ECC, RAID Engine, and SLC Cache End-to-End (E2E) Data Path Protection with Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. DRAMless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG SX8200 Pro M.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ASX8200PNP1TTC | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 NVM Express 1.3 SN2262G later SN2262EN chipset - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 256GB GEN4 x4 NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->SM2P41C3-256GC2 DP/N 0KM1Y6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 consumer |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG GAMMIX S50 Lite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Silicon Motion SM2267XT dramless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG ATOM 50 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Innogrit RainierQX IG5220 |- | <!--Brand-->Adata Legend 710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Legend 900 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Innogrit IG5216 controller, no DRAM so HMB which appears to be the standard - |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin NV7200 PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SM2263XT |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin NV7400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force LE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force Series MP500 MP510 M.2 NVMe PCIe Gen 3 x4 SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 PS5012-E12-27 from Phison, 64-layer TLC Toshiba BiCS flash, may have dram cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 96L QLC - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Elite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E16 and Bics DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Pro XT, PRO LPX, PRO NH PCIe4 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP600ECS Elite, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 DRAMless SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, BiCS6 162L QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Core XT | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison and Bics QLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP700 Pro PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP700PNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P1 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 QLC NAND but a controller with a DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P2 M.2 2280 Gen3 x4 NVM-express | <!--Model-->CT1000P2SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 dram-less Phison PS5013-E13-31 on 96-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 Plus M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->CT1000P3PSSD8 CT2000P3PSSD801 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with Host Memory Buffer HMB tech to use a small bit of system RAM as DRAM cache and Micron 176-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 M.2 nvme SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P3SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron QLC (N48R) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 m.2 nvme PCIe 4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 runs hot - Crucial NVMe with DRAM LPDDR4 and Micron 96L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 some have DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T500 Gen4.0 nvme 2.0 | <!--Model-->CT1000T500SSD8, CT2000T500SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison PS5025-E25 with micron B58R 232-layer 3D TLC NAND and Micron LPDDR4 DRAM cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T700 Gen5 SSD | <!--Model-->CT1000T700SSD3, CT2000T700SSD3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, Micron 232-layer NAND with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P310 M.2 2280 NVMe PCIe Gen4 SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P310SSD801 (2Tb), | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 DRAM-less Phison E27T Micron 232-layer NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T705 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 dramless Phison SSD controller |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 SMI SM2508 SSD controller dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN605 PCIe Gen3 x4 interface, NVMe 1.3 support | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN660 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN760 PCIe Gen4 x4 M.2 NVMe 1.4 interface | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 gets hot |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN870 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 no dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN855 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S500 pro PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 MaxioTech MAP1202A-F1C with YMTC 128L and pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S660 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S880/R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S770 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX550 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN501 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->FIKWOT FN950 FN955 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 MAP1602 (at 1600 MT/s) flash YMTC TLC no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX991 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->FW-FX991-2TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN960 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN970 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Geil ZEN ITH m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->S3-240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus Gen4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash - DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus 10000 PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->HP EX950 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HP FX900 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dram less |- | <!--Brand-->HP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M2 Series NVME M.2 2280 PCIe Gen 3x4 | <!--Model-->INSSD500GM280NM2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Professional TLC E12S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E18 |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Gaming performance Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash |- | <!--Brand-->Inland TD510 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM DDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->intel SSD Pro 7600p Series M.2 80mm 2280 PCIe 3.0 x4, 3D TLC | <!--Model-->SSDPEKKF512GB, SSDPEKKF256G8L, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel 660p m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ssdpeknw010tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 SMI SM2263 controller with 1GB DRAM cache and 1TB of Intel QLC NAND similar to crucial P1 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] 670p | <!--Model-->SSDPEKNU010TZ | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 256 MB DDR3L cache and 12-140 GB SLC-Cache QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Intel P4511 m.2 nvme PCIe3.1 x4 22110 110mm | <!--Model-->SSDPELKX020T8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 very long |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A1000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA1000M8/480G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A2000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA2000M8/250G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston KC3000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] PS5018-E18 PCIe 4.0 x4 NVMe controller and Micron’s 176L TLC NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV1 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model-->SNV1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 entry-level consumer DRAMless Phison E13T or Silicon Motion 4-channel SM2263XT - one brand TLC up to 1Tb and QLC after - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV2 | <!--Model-->SNV2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 entry-level, first SMI SM2267XT or Phison E19T and later SMI SM2269XT or Phison E21T with various flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston FURY Renegade m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] Phison E18 controller, Micron 176L nand and ddr4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV3 | <!--Model-->SNV3S/500G, SNV3S/1000G, SNV3S/2000G, SNV3S/4000G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 entry-level, SMI SM2268XT2 or Phison E27T controller with BiCS6 TLC or QLC flash - dramless so hmb - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG4? M2 2280 NVMe PCIe SSD | <!--Model-->THNSF5512GPUK, THNSN51T02DUK, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 Phison has done custom controller work for Kioxia, and Kioxia has also worked with SMI and InnoGrit (the latter more recently). Kioxia label their controllers as their own but these are largely rebadged. |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG5 for Data Centres | <!--Model-->KXG5 KXG50ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 nanya ddr3 dram? with 64-layer BiCS 3D flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG6 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->KXG60ZNV512G, KXG60ZNV1T02, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 TC58NCP090GSD with DRAM NANYA LPDDR3 and Toshiba BiCS FLASH 96-layer 3D TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> *KBG40ZNS128G, KBG40ZNS256G, KBG40ZNS512G, KBG40ZNS1T02 *KBG40ZNT256G, *KBG40ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - no dram but NVMe's Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. portion of the system's RAM for caching - Toshiba's 96-Layer BiCS FLASH - seems Windows UASP driver and the JMS583 chipset interacts badly with the Kioxia BG4 - early firmware upgrade to prevent overheating hot - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG7 | <!--Model-->KXG70ZNV1T0G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 - might need firmware update on early 2tb 4tb versions - controller with sk hynix dram and tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G2 SSD series PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5012-E12S-32 aka TC58NC1201GST 4-channel controller along with KIOXIA proprietary 96-layer 3D TLC and "MG2h" version has BiCS4.5 which is faster than launch BiCS4 - - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG8 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 TC58NC0L1XGSD with DRAM LPDDR4 and 112-Layer Kioxia BiCS5 TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG5 | <!--Model-->KGB50ZNV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 HMB buffer |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G3 SSD series PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 has hmb, like most dram-less nvmes KIOXIA |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar 1TB SSD M.2 NVME 1.4 Gen3x4 M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->NM610Pro | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM620 *IG5216 (worse?) not great original 96L *MAP1202 YMTC up to 232L, or 176L Micron, TLC for the 1TB | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 a few versions all DRAM-less, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM790 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Maxio MAP1602 no DRAM so HMB with 232-Layer YMTC TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->EQ790 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Maxio MAP1602, no DRAM so HMB, Flash Memory 232-Layer YMTC TLC, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Liteon M.2 NVME 512GB SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->CAZ-51282512-Q11 DP/N 0K64PG | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2200S m.2 nvme 2200 series | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TCK, MTFDHBA512TCK | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 for a time, Micron controller with 64L TLC 3D Nand [https://www.dell.com/support/home/en-uk/drivers/driversdetails?driverid=3jg3g BSOD occurred as CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED] before self applied firmware [https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/downloads/ds119265-nvme-solid-state-drive-firmware-update-utility-for-windows-10-64-bit-thinkpad apparently it is related to the power management that disconnects the Micron SSD] |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2300 m.2 nvme Gen 3 x4 | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TDV P/N M02626-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 3400 M.2 NVME SSD Gen4 | <!--Model-->MTFDKBA512TFH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no cache |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2450 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 E19T |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2600 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison's PS5029-E29T SSD controller with Micron 276-layer G9 QLC NAND in a DRAMless - Adaptive Write Technology (AWT) using various NAND modes (SLC, TLC, and QLC) as a dynamic cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium S270 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium M450 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV2000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico J10 J-10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico D10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico e3500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico O7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P300 m.2 nvme pcie 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot Viper VP4300 Lite M.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2230 Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2140 CS2342 Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk 1T 2280 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 no dram, Memory QLC Intel 144 layer. Chip Realtek |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket Nano 2242 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-2130-512, SB-2280-1TB, SB-Rocket-NVME4-HTSK-2TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 PLUS m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-RKT4P-1TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E1? controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Phison E25 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM951 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZVLV1T | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 950 PRO PM961 M.2 2280 NVMe 1.3 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *MZ-VKW5120 *MZ-VLW2560 MZVLW256HEHP-000L7, MZ-VLW5120, MZ-SLW1T00 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - possibly 512M LPDDR3 Samsung K4E4E324EE-ECCF cache - Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) unit with Samsung 48-layer TLC V-NAND V3 flash Samsung K90MGY8S7M-CCK0 - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 960 Pro SM961 M.2 PCi-e NVMe SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-V6P1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) controller Samsung 48-layer multi-level cell (MLC) V-NAND, pseudo-SLC cache or LPDDR3-1866 Samsung K4E8E304EE-EGCF |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *Rev 0 MZ-VLB256A, MZ-VLB512A, MZ-VLB1T0A, *Rev 0 MZ-VLB2560, MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HAJQ, MZ-VLB1T00, *Rev ? MZ-VLB256B, MZ-VLB512B, MZ-VLB1T0B, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache hybrid SLC Samsung’s TurboWrite - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981a 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HBJQ-000L7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991 NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ2560 MZVLQ256HBJD-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991a NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ256B MZVLQ256HBJD-00BH1, MZ-9LQ256C, MZ-VLQ512B MZVLQ512HBLU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 970 EVO Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Samsung Phoenix on Samsung LPDDR4 dram and 2 Samsung 9x-layer V-NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 EVO Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V8P1T0BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 originally made in Korea ([https://semiconductor.samsung.com/consumer-storage/support/tools/ 2tb firmware issues] with versions starting with 3) and year later Vietnam - DRAM |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9E2T0BW, MZ-V9E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo no DRAM so HMB Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) and Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) - |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM9A1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VL25120 MZVL2512HCJQ, MZVL21T00 MZVL21T0HCLR-00BL2, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 might be OEM variant of the 980 Pro |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM9B1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model--> *2023 MZ9L4256HCJQ-00BD1 MZ-9L4256A, , *2025 MZ-VL42560, MZ-VL45120, MZ-VL421T, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SSD controller is Marvell 88SS1322 Whistler Plus, no DRAM cache and Samsung 128-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO Plus m.2 nvme2.0 | <!--Model-->MZ-V9S2T0BW, MZ-V9S1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo with no DRAM so HMB and Samsung 236-Layer (V8) TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9P2T0BW, MZ-V9P1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 2tb early firmware issue - Samsung Pascal with DRAM LPDDR4 and 176-Layer V-NAND TLC - has had firmware design issues, causing premature failure - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 9100 PRO PCIe Gen5 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 510 G3 x4 nvme | <!--Model--> *ZP1000GM30001, *ZP500GM30021 P/N 2NT308-300, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad early batch - Phison E12 STXYP0160031 on SK Hynix DRAM DDR4 with Kioxia BiCS3 64L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda Q5 | <!--Model-->ZP500CV30001,ZP250CV30001,ZP1000CV30001 P/N 2ZK307-881,ZP2000CV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 PS5013-E13-31 from Phison, no DRAM cache and QLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 515 | <!--Model-->ZP500GV30001,ZP250GV30001,ZP1000GV30001,ZP2000GV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 no dram and qlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate FireCuda 520 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 ×4 NVMe 1.4 | <!--Model-->ZP2000GM30002, ZP1000GM30002, ZP500GM30002 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 520N m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP2000GV3A012, ZP1000GV3A012 and ZP500GV3A012 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP500GM3A013, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5018-E18 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 176L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model-->ZP1000CV3A002, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 540 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD85 m.2 nvme PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 [http://vlo.name:3000/ssdtool/ firmware tools] |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD90 PCIe 4.0 nvme | <!--Model-->SP250GBP44UD9005, SP500GBP44UD9005, SP01KGBP44UD9005, SP02KGBP44UD9005, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron TLC (B47R) but later no name QLC nand instead - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A60 A80 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 various originally an E12 drive with 64L Toshiba NAND, then had variations with E12S and SM2262EN as well as random 64L/96L, now it comes with a MAP1001A controller by Maxio and some YMTC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power US75 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC501 M.2 m.2 NVMe PCIe Gen3 SSD | <!--Model--> *Rev0 HFM256GDHTNG-8510B SSS0L24764, HFM256GDJTNG-8310A, *Rev1 HFM256GDHTNG-8310A SSS0Q68673, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC511 512GB NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->HFM256GDJTNI-82A0A HFM512GDGTNI-82A0A D P/N 0TG8T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix BC711 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model-->HFM001TD3JX013N, HFM512GD3JX013N, HFM256GD3JX013N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 okay but no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix PC711 m.2 2280 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> *HFS001TDE9X073N, HFS512GDE9X073N, HFS256GDE9X073N *HFS001TDE9X080N, HFS512GDE9X080N, HFS256GDE9X081N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC210 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC601 PCIe 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - Cepheus Plus YCN34PTA0FR Controller and 48L TLC Flash, pseudo-SLC cache and LPDDR4-3733 SK Hynix H9HCNNN8KUMLHR-NME dram - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC401 3rd gen PCIe | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Gold P31 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 SK hynix’s proprietary Cepheus controller |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix SK500 Gen 4 (x4) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Platinum P41 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Aries SSD controller with 176-Layer TLC flash - SK hynix LPDDR4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix PC801 PCIe Gen4 x4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->HFS001TEJ9X101N, HFS512GEJ9X101N, HFS256GEJ9X101N, HFS002TEJ9X101N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC901 m.2 nvme PCIe Gen4 2230 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Silicon Motion SM2269XT with no DRAM so HMB buffer cache - SK Hynix 176-layer TLC NAND flash 1TB only - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team | <!--Model-->TM8PS7512G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup MP34 | <!--Model-->MP34 256GB, MP34 512GB, MP34 1TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 good Phison E12 with DRAM NANYA DDR3L and Toshiba BiCS 3 64L TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea A440 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison PS5018-E18 NVMe 1.4 controller and Micron’s 96L TLC with SK hynix 8Gb DDR4 chips but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group TForce Cardea A440 Lite PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 dram-less E27T controller and 162L TLC but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team Z44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team MP44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E21T no DRAM so HMB with 176-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Team MP33Q | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - dramless maxio MAP1202 with TLC (MP33) or QLC (MP33Q) - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group QX GE Pro m.2 nvme PCIe5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 innogit IG5666 with QLC 3D 232L nand with DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force G70 Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 InnoGrit IG5236 (Rainier) with DRAM and NAND YMTC TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea Z540 m.2 nvme PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison E26 controller and 232L TLC and DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE110S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS128GMTE110S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE220S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS2TMTE220S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2230 TS256GMTE300S TS512GMTE300S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND, 1G and 2G get hot |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE400S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 mlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Union Memory (Shenzhen) AM6672 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM6A0 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Verbatim V15000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN720 M.2 2280 NVME PCIE for Data Centers | <!--Model-->SDAQNTW-512G-1001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2021 |- | <!--Brand-->WDC SN520 2230 Gen3 x2 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital ix sn530 M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 industrial sandisk controller and firmware, as well as 96-layer 3D TLC NAND memory that can work in TLC or SLC mode - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN730 Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 M.2 NVME | <!--Model-->SDBPNTY-1T00, SDBPNTY-512G-1012, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 to 2021 DRAM Cache DDR4-2666 CL18 Micron MT40A512M16LY-075:E (D9WFH) with Controller WD 20-82-00705-A2 Triton MP28 and NAND Flash Toshiba BiCS4 60082 512G (Rebranded by SanDisk) TLC 96-layer |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN750 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 64-layer 3D stacked NAND with 3 bits per cell TLC (Triple Level Cell) with 256MB of skhynix DRAM cache for every 250GB |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN850 m.2 nvme Gen4 PHY | <!--Model-->WDS100T1X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Sandisk G2 controller with Micron DDR4 cache - new nCache 4.0 slc cache total dynamic capacity spans one-third (300GB on 1TB) with a small static SLC cache (12GB on 1TB) from the Kioxia BiCS4 96L TLC 96-layer NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN550 Blue M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - various controllers and NANDs |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SN810 NVMe SSD 2280 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 slc cache - laptop oem only no retail version - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN850X | <!--Model-->WDS100T2X0E, WDS200T2X0E, WDS400T2X0E, WDS800T2X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 issues with early ssd firmware and AMD Zen 3 X570 and X670E chipsets - Sandisk A101000291-82 controller with 112-layer TLC and DDR4 DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN570 single-sided M.2 2280 (80mm) PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless - WD/SanDisk SSD controller with BiCS 5 3D NAND TLC 112-layer NAND flash memory - |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Black SN770 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->WDS100T3X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless cache with TLC |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green SN350 m.2 NVMe SSD | <!--Model-->WDS100T3G0C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 DRAM-less cache with SanDisk controller and QLC (quad-level cell) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->WD_BLACK SN750 SE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Phison E19T, dramless |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN740 M.2 (2230) PCIe 4.0 x4 2280 | <!--Model-->SDDQTQD-1T00, SDDPNQD-, SDDPNQD-256G-2006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless with SSD controller WD Sandisk 20-82-10081-A1 Polaris MP16+ with Toshiba BiCS5 112-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN580 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless SanDisk controller with (HMB) and 112-Layer Kioxia TLC (BiCS5) |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN8100 / Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 8100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX 5100 7100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 850X | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Zhitai (Yangtze Memory) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === Mini SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin PCIe 4×2 NVMe 1.3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 GPDwin5 and Oneplayer Superx hybrid - 3D TLC - LGA packaging - V1 slide tray mechanism - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- |} ==SATA== Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI), a programming interface for SATA host controllers. Platforms supporting AHCI may take advantage of performance features such as no master/slave designation for SATA devices — each device is treated as a master — and hardware-assisted native command queuing. AHCI may but not often also provides usability enhancements such as Hot-Plug (Desktop and Mobile Only). AHCI requires appropriate software support (e.g., an AHCI driver) AHCI, the underlying protocol for SATA, only supports one queue with 32 commands. The issue with AHCI is that it's going to take a pile of test hardware just to figure out all the different bugs in all the motherboard chipsets and add-on PCI cards that 'kinda' implement AHCI. Not to mention Silicon Image, which took a very different approach from Intel's AHCI in their SATA controllers. === SATA 7mm 2.5inch SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 240GB Ultimate SU630 2.5" | <!--Model-->ASU630SS-240GQ-R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su650 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU650SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su800 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU800 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI SM2258 controller with Micron 3D TLC NAND but low performance when data fills the SLC cache - slow write speed - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su680 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU680SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS340 Panther | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS350 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M225 SSD 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2009 sata2 3gbp/s |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial C300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 sata3 6gbps - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2011 Marvell 88SS9174-BKK2 processor, 25nm MLC NAND flash and 128MB dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M500 120Gb to 960Gb | <!--Model-->CT250M500SSD1, CT500M500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M550 120G to 1T | <!--Model-->CT250M550SSD1, CT500M550SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX100 | <!--Model-->CT500BX100SSD1, CT1000BX100SSD1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - no dram - Silicon Motion SM2246EN and ATA version ACS-2 - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache Micron controller and nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial MX200 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX300 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dramless cache - Micron ex Tidal controller and TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) bx500 2.5inch | <!--Model-->CT240BX500SSD1, CT480BX500SSD1, CT960BX500SSD1, CT1000BX500SSD1, CT2000BX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SM2258XT 4channel later SM2259XT paired with Micron’s latest 64-Layer 3D TLC flash but dramless SLC cache (part of the tlc flash) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX500 | <!--Model-->CT250MX500SSD1, CT500MX500SSD1, CT1000MX500SSD1, CT2000MX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - dram cache from 256M to 2G - discontinued end of 2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no dram cache, Hynix memory 3dv7-176l 176 layer QLC (one chip), either raymx rm1135, SM2259XT controller or Realtek rts5735dlq |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang ranxiana S102 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101Q 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX815 Standard 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FS810 Ultra 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertec FirestormLite 2.5inch | <!--Model-->S240GHS3-M or SDSSD240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertech | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral V2 Plus 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 520 Series 2.5 inch SATA 6Gb/s 2.5" SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SSDSC2CW240A3, SSDSC2CW480A3, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 LSI SandForce SF2281, Flash Memory Intel Synchronous 25nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro Series 1500 | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BF180A4L SSD0E38417, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel S3610 Series 2.5" 400GB 6GBPS SATA SSD | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BX400G4R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 data center |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD Pro 5400s 512 GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF512H6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3510 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDS2BB400G6, SSDSC2BB480G6R, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3520 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BB800G7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3710 Series 800GB 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BA800G4P, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 server |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 545S Series 256GB 512GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KW256G8X1, SSDSC2KW512G8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] SSD DC S4500 240GB 2.5inch - HP Enterprise | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KB240G7P | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingspec P3-512 P3-1T0 P3-2TO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston SSDNow 300 | <!--Model-->SV300S37A/240G, SV300S37A/120G, SV300S37A/60G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dramless - lsi sandforce SF2281 or JMicron JMF662 controller with Toshiba MLC or Intel MLC |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 120G to 960Gb 2.5inch | <!--Model-->SA400S37/240G SBFK61K1, SA400S37/480G, SA400S37/960G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 half case sized ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - t6 security torx into metal case - dram less - poor write speeds - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia formerly Toshiba HG6 2.5in | <!--Model--> *9.5mm THNSNJ512GBSU, THNSNJ256GBSU, THNSNJ128GBSU *7mm THNSNJ512GCSU THNSNJ512GCSY, THNSNJ256GCSU THNSNJ256GCSY, THNSNJ128GCSU THNSNJ128GCSY | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NS100 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->LNS100-1TRB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - Marvell 88NV1120 Artemis, a DRAM cache is not available and pseudo-SLC. Micron 64-layer TLC NAND flash 4 chips @ 512 Gbit TS7512G181 (Rebranded by Lexar) (256G) - 4 nand flash chips Lexar/TST22T181/ B1924 and one controller: Lexar DM918/NOD43 1907 (512G) - |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NQ100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - DM928 controller which operates without a DRAM buffer. Two 128GB Micron NAND flash chips |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LiteOn | <!--Model-->LCS-128L9S-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 no dram - sata2 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Matrix 256Gb 512GB SATA 2.5in SSD | <!--Model-->MIS512GSDS, MIS256GSDS | <!--Work MSDos-->UP TO 550MB/S | <!--Work GPT-->UP TO 500MB/S | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1100 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TBN-1AR1ZA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1300 2TB 1300 2.5" | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TDL-1AW1ZABHA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 - old sdd - TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Micron RealSSD C400 2.5inch | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK256MAM-1K12 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Mushkin Reactor | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC flash |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac SA500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y-20 Y20 2.5 inch sata SHENZHEN ORICO TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Orico S500-Pro s500pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Origin Storage Inception TLC830 Pro Series 2.5in SATA III SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D tlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P210 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> qlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P220 | <!--Model-->P220S2TB25 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Plextor M6V | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS900 2.5 in sata SSD | <!--Model-->SSD7CS900-480-PB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2311, CS3030 and Pro Elite SSDs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung SM PM | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->PM871a or PM871b? SM/PM = 2-bit or 3-bit MLC. PM = 3-bit MLC = TLC. 8 = generation = 8xx, 7 = model = 850 EVO (in this case), 1 = usage (e.g. 3 = datacenter). a/b = revision or type of flash, the 850 EVO had multiple revisions including at least three types of flash (32L, 48L, 64L) so a = 32/48L, b = 64L. At lower capacities it might use different flash, for example the 256GB SM951 utilizies 2D/planar while the higher capacities use 3D. OEM drives tend to have different, optimized firmware, so performance will not be the same |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE120 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 2.5in sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE5120 P/N MZ7TE512HMHP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-75E120, MZ-75E500 (P/N MZ7LN500) to MZ-75E4T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 Samsung MGX controller (S4LN062X01) up to 500GB capacities whilst Samsung MEX controller (3-core) beyond - Samsung TLC 3D V‐NAND 48 and later 64 layers and possibility of 256MB, 512MB or 1GB LPDDR2-1066 DRAM chip - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 PRO | <!--Model-->MZ-7KE1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN512A P/N MZ7LN512HMJP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM883 1.92TB | <!--Model-->MZ-7LH1T90 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) - 1gb LPDDR4-1866 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76E1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 QVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76Q1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 QVO 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN56F, MZ-77E1T0 P/N MZ7L31TOHBLB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 beware of bad batch early death - uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871b | <!--Model-->MZ7LN256HCHP-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra 3D/Extreme Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 SandForce SF-2281 dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDHP-256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell SS889175 processor with SanDisk's 19nm NAND and 128MB Samsung DDR2 DRAM chip |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Marvell 88SS9188 Marvell 88SS9187 with SanDisk 64Gbit 19nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDA-240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 pseudo SLC cache dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z400s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - Silicon Motion SM2246XT DRAM-less - budget end of market - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 4 NAND packages and marvell controller 88ss1074 on blue pcb - 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate BarraCuda Q1 SSD | <!--Model-->ZA240CV10001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 dramless A55 started with the Phison S10 but later the S11 i.e. Phison PS3111-S11-13 controller and 96-layer TLC NAND flash memory with a pseudo-SLC cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power Ace A55 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->sk hynix | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 sandforce controller - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SH910A | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Link_A_Media (LAMD) controller with eight 256Gbit H27QEGDVEBLR NAND 20nm hynix MLC - SK hynix H5PS1G83JFA DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->HFS256G32MND-3210A, HFS256G32MND-3312A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - red strip around edges - 8-channel controller SK hynix LM87810AA-A0 with DDR2 buffer chip and four pieces of 16nm hynix MLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SL300 series 2.5in SSD *3110A SL301STD *3210A *3300A *3310A | <!--Model-->HFS500G32TND, HFS256G32TNE, HFS128G32TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC - consumer line red in corners - SK hynix LM878100AA (HFS256G32MND-3312A) later SH87820BB and NAND 16nm hynix TLC - 256mb dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SC3 series 2.5in SSD *N1A0A , , *N1A1A *N1A2A SC308STD, *N2A0A , , SC311STD | <!--Model-->HFS512G32TNF-N2A0A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - red in corners - no dram and no SLC cache - Hynix ex Link_A_Media Devices (LAMD) SH87820BB 2c but poor mixed workload ability MLC - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team EX2 GX2 Elite QX | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP AX2 2.5 Inch SATA III Solid State Drive SSD | <!--Model-->T253A3512G0C101, T253A3001T0C101, T253A3002T0C101, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 3D NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup TF Vulcan Z 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dramless smi2259xt 128L tlc nand - |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup T-Force Vulcan ZQLC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram-less smi2259xt qlc 144L nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Topesel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend 220S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS120GSSD220S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 3D TLC without dram |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend SSD230S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS256GSSD230S TS512GSSD230S TS1TSSD230S TS2TSSD230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Viathan | <!--Model-->S001T3V | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red SA500 NAS | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 250Gb to 4Tb | <!--Model-->WDS400T3B0A WDS200T3B0A WDS100T3B0A WDS500G3B0A WDS250G3B0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SSD 2.5" | <!--Model-->WDS240G1G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green 200Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T2G0A WDS100T3G0A WDS480G2G0A WDS240G2G0A WDS120G2G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - cheap and slow ssd - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SA530 | <!--Model-->SDASB8Y-256G SD9SB8W, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.xray-disk.com xraydisk] 2.5 inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> from the manufacturer only - Phsion/SMI(2258XT)/Realtek/Yeestor |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Xum | <!--Model-->hx256gssdsata3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y3000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCie 3.0 |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y7000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCIe 4.0 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === SATA M.2 (M and B key) === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 2280 Sata | <!--Model-->AXNS381E-128GM-B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S201 m.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->S201 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN203 m.2 sata (oldtan, twipps, teexin aka Shenzhen Pingfan "Ordinary" Road Technology Co., Ltd) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 lifespan not long Maxio MAP + YMTC 128L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Foresee (Shenzhen Longsys) | <!--Model-->YSM80CD-128G YSDE128G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 88nv1120-bt22 T3WU030 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 2242 120G | <!--Model-->INSSD120GM242 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->INSSD256GM.26M2280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 256GB/512GB/1TB/2TB | <!--Model-->INSSD1TM280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 netac rebrand - no dram cache - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro ‎545S 2280 | <!--Model-->SSDSCKKF256G8H | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> no dram, TLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intenso M.2 internalSSD SATA III 1 TB | <!--Model-->Top | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 m.2 | <!--Model-->SA400M8/240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 entry level ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model-->RBU-SNS8350DES3128GP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston V300 | <!--Model-->SV300S3505AG | <!--Work MSDos-->{{yes}} | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Nightly Build 2014-09-18 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON SATA 128GB | <!--Model-->CV3-8D128-11 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON | <!--Model-->CV1-8B256-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lite-On | <!--Model-->L8H-256V2G-HP L8H-128V2G-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 2016 nanya nt5c864m16fp-dh |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LSI | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 SF37000 controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model-->M550 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron M600 enterprise m.2 sata up to 512GB | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256MBF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller, DRAM chip 256MB 533MHz LPDDR2, NAND for the 256GB drive MT29F1T08CQCCBG2-10:C 16nm MLC NAND each 128GB package |- | <!--Brand-->MICRON 1100 M.2 SATA 6Gb/s 2280 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256TBN HP P/N 903109-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y20M-2242 | <!--Model-->Y20M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM841 M.2 sata3 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-NTD2560/0L9 MZNTD256HAGL-000L9 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung CM871 Rev 0 | <!--Model-->MZNLF128HCHP-000H1 MZ-NLF1280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a m.2 Sata | <!--Model-->MZNLN256HMHQ, NLN512A P/N MZNLN512HMJP-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM871b | <!--Model-->MZNLN128HAHQ-000H1, MZNLN256HAJQ MZ-NLN256F MZ-NLN256C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM881 | <!--Model-->MZ-NLH1280 MZNLH128HBHQ-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X300 M.2 sata 2280 80mm SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD7SN6S-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk X400 SSD M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->SD8SN8U-128G-1006, SD8SN8U-256G-1006, SD8SN8U-512-1006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 SSD controller Marvell 88SS1074 four channel supports variety of NAND and up to 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X600 M.2 SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD9SN8W-128G-1006 SD9TN8W-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SANDISK X110 DELL 6T4HK M.2 2260 | <!--Model-->SD6SP1M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->SC308M280S HFS128G39TND | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 SH87820BB controller - No dram buffer - multi-level cell (MLC) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC311 HFS256G39TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC401 HFS256G39TNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->A55 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP Team MS30 SSD M.2 Sata 2280 | <!--Model-->TM8PS7001T0C101 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba RC100 (retail version of BG3) | <!--Model-->KBG30ZMV256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba HG6 m.2 | <!--Model-->THNSNJ512GDNU THNSNJ512G8NY, THNSNJ256GDNU THNSNJ256G8NY, THNSNJ128GDNU THNSNJ128G8NY, THNSNJ256GVNU THNSNJ128GVNU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA SSD M.2 2280 256GB | <!--Model-->KSG50ZMV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 | <!--Model-->KSG60ZMG256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->400 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS32GMTS400S TS64GMTS400S TS128GMTS400S | <!--Model-->400S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> DDR3 dram cache and mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->M.2 SSD 600 (2260), M.2 SSD 800S (2280) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS120GMTS420S TS240GMTS420S TS480GMTS420S | <!--Model-->420S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> can run hot slc cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS256GMTS430S TS512GMTS430S | <!--Model-->430S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache - 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS120GMTS820S TS240GMTS820S TS960GMTS820S | <!--Model-->820S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS256GMTS830S TS512GMTS830S TS1TMTS830S TS4TMTS830S | <!--Model-->830S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 120GB to 480Gb | <!--Model-->WDS480G2G0B WDS240G2G0B WDS120G2G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 made in malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 240Gb to | <!--Model-->WDS240G3G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 made in |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 M.2 SATA 250Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T3B0B WDS100T3B0B WDS500G3B0B WDS250G3B0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red 500GB 1TB 2TB | <!--Model-->SA500 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM610 m.2 sata | <!--Model-->SSS0R27339, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === mSATA SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fangxiang S301 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingchuxing | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model-->INSSD256GMSA MO-300 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc 3d nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron enterprise | <!--Model-->M600 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico ZH-10 ZH10 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO 1.8in | <!--Model-->MZ-M5E120BW, MZ-M5E250BW, MZ-M5E500BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 1.8" msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MTE256D P/N MZ-MTMTE256HMHP, MZ-MTE1T00, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MM6E250BW, MZ-M6E500BW, MZ-M6E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA370S | <!--Model-->MSA370S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA230S | <!--Model-->230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5inch Laptop Hard Disks === ====7mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP628230-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP552605-01 250Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP693440-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z5K320 Z5K500-500 Z5K100 series * 2013 HTS545050A7E380 HTS * 2015 HTS545050A7E680 HTS | <!--Model-->HTS 320GB 500Gb 1Tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z7K320 Z7K500 series | <!--Model-->HTS725050A7E630 320Gb HTS725050A7E635 500Gb 7200rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> avoid if it does not have the DCM code |- | <!--Brand-->HGST 1T 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HTS541010B7E610 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 128m cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus Thin | <!--Model-->ST500LT012 ST320LT012. ST250LT012 500Gb 320gb 250gb 2014 5.4K rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Thin SSHD 5400RPM Sata 2.5" | <!--Model-->ST500LM000 500GB, ST500LM001, ST500LM020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 up to 64M cache and with 8GB NAND Flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate MomentusThin-B Video 2.5 HDD * 2014 * 2015 * 2016 * 2017 | <!--Model-->ST500VT000 500GB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE Baracuda 2.5 5400 | <!--Model-->ST2000LM015 (2Gb), ST1000LM049 (1Tb), ST500LM030 (500Gb) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda Pro | <!--Model-->ST1000LM048 ST1000LM035 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> up to 128MB cache |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE FireCuda Compute 2.5 | <!--Model-->ST500LX025 ST1000LX015 ST2000LX001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 8GB NAND Commercial Multilevel Cell (cMLC), 128MB buffer and 5400-RPM spindle speed up to 140 MB/s |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 2.5in | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2018 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA MQ01ACF | <!--Model-->MQ01ACF050 500GB 7200rpm 2020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->western digital wd blue 500G 8meg cache 5400rpm * 2014 Rev T0 * 2015 Rev T1 | <!--Model-->wd5000lpvx | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012-2015 sequential 2MB block transfers 110 MB/s reading and writing - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2.5" WD Blue Slim | <!--Model-->WD10SPCX 1TB Nov 2016 | <!--Work MSDos-->{{Yes|hdd under partition table msdos/pc, boots on bios machines, will not on uefi machine}} | <!--Work GPT-->{{Unk|untested hdd under gpt partition protocol scheme, not booting on uefi}} | <!--Tested under-->AROS One 1.8 USB |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD5000LUCX 500Gb 5400rpm 16mb cache Rev Y0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 2017 Malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====9.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHW2040BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 40gig |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHY2080BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 80gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHW2120B | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS541010A9E662 type TS5SAF100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Travelstar 5K500.B-320 | <!--Model-->HTS545025B9SA02 HTS545032B9A300 HTS545040B9A300 HTS545050B9A300 250Gb 320Gb 400Gb 500Gb 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST 1TB 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung bought by Seagate late 2011 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate HD REV A (Jan 2014) | <!--Model-->ST1000LM024 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate 9.5mm * 2013 Rev A HN-M500MBB/I * 2014 Rev B HN-M500MBB/SP4 * 2015 Rev B HN-M500MBB/P4C | <!--Model-->ST500LM012 (500M) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus 5400.3 | <!--Model-->ST9160821AS | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 160gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1t | <!--Model-->ST1000LM014, ST1000LM028, ST1000LM015 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 8g nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1T | <!--Model-->ST1000LX001 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32G nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK2555GSX HDD2H24 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 250g 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK5065GSX - 500GB 5400RPM SATA 3Gb/s 8MB Cache 2.5-Inch | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MKxx59GSXP, eg Toshiba MK6459GSXP 640GB 2011 | <!--Work-->{{yes}} | <!--Tested under-->Icaros 2.2 with uses Advanced Format (AF) in 4,096 bytes per sector. Compatibility with legacy, 512 bytes through AF emulation techniques, called 512e |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2013 to 2016) | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2015 to 2020) *2013 *2014 *2015 AA50/AX0D5A *2016 AA60/AX0E1A * *2017 AGM AA01/AX002V *2018 AGS AA70/AX0G1A *2020 AA71/AX0G1A | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD050 500meg | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2013 | <!--Work-->{{Yes}} | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA | <!--Model-->MQ04ABD200 2TB 5400 RPM 128MB Cache SATA 6.0Gb/s | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD7500BPVX 2013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WESTERN DIGITAL 1TB 2.5" SATA DRIVE 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-80JC3T0 (OCT 2014) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , uses Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->WDC Western Digital Blue 1TB SATA 2.5" Hard Drive 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-08JC3T6 (Jun 2017) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD10JPCX 1Tb | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital * 2019 | <!--Model-->WD10JUCT 1TB (1000GB) 2019 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Scorpio Black * 2010 * 2014 | <!--Model-->WD5000BEKT, WD5000BPKX-22HPJT0, WD5000BPKT, | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 16m cache, 7200rpm thailand then malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Black * 2016 | <!--Model-->WD2500LPLX, WD3200LPLX, WD5000LPLX SMR: WD5000LPSX, WD10SPSX | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32m cache , 7200rpm SATA-III malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5in NON-Laptop Hard Disks === ====11mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu 160GB 250GB 300GB | <!--Model-->MHX2160BT, MHX2250BT, MHX2300BT | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->TP00640GB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====12.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====15mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 1TB IBM System X 15mm 2.5" SATA | <!--Model-->ST91000640NS 81Y9731 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->HL-DT-ST DVDRAM | <!--Model-->GSA T50L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage BD-Rom DVD Rewriter | <!--Model-->CT10N AFCK101 LGE-DMCT10A(B) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 5v 12.7mm fails early |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GT20L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009/2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Hitachi / LG | <!--Model-->GT30N GT32N GT30L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT50N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GU70N (HP/Dell), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GUD0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->GTA0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data | <!--Model-->GTC0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 12.7mm 5V 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS | <!--Model-->BU20N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-BU10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS Super Multi DVD Writer | <!--Model-->GUD1N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-GU90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2017 9.5mm 5v 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->Uj870a Uj880 UJ890 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8A0 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic MATSHITA 12.7mm SATA DVD | <!--Model-->UJ8B0 (Asus K53S), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 12.7mm 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8B1 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8C0 UJ8C1 UJ8C2 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.6a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Precision Devices Co Ltd | <!--Model-->UJ8D0, UJ8D1 KCC-REM-PPD-UJ8D1 HP 657534-TC2, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 ok lifeline, |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8E2Q | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8FB | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5a 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DC-8A2SH, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A3S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A4SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DS-8A5LH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DU-8A6SH (HP) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips and LiteOn | <!--Model-->DS-8A8SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5a 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8A9SH DS8A9SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ABSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ACSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD Philips | <!--Model-->da-8aesh11b, DA-8AESH-24B | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2019 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Pioneer | <!--Model-->DVR-TD09TBG | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc SATA DVD | <!--Model-->AD-7561S, AD-7560S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7 MM |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7585H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm cleaning the laser lens inside the drive with a liquid lens cleaner. Also check the lens carrier slides freely from one extreme to the other inside the drive without sticking |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7580s, AD-7581s, AD-7583s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD7590s, AD-7591s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7700s, AD-7710h, AD-7701H, AD-7703S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7760H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7711H AD-7740H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S208B Ver BB Rev 00 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba TSSTCorp Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S083C Ver C Rev 03 /BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.5a 12.7 mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corp | <!--Model-->TS-L633 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} === [https://www.backblaze.com/cloud-storage/resources/hard-drive-test-data SATA Desktop 3.5inch Hard Disks] === Datasheets with the SMR (overlapped packing Shingled Magnetic Recording) and CMR (faster Conventional Magnetic Recording) parts <pre> WD: https://documents.westerndigital.com/content/dam/doc-library/en_us/assets/public/western-digital/product/internal-drives/wd-blue-hdd/product-brief-western-digital-wd-blue-pc-hdd.pdf Seagate: https://www.seagate.com/content/dam/seagate/migrated-assets/www-content/datasheets/pdfs/3-5-barracudaDS1900-14-2007US-en_US.pdf Toshiba: https://storage.toshiba.com/docs/support-docs/P300-SalesSheet_English_Web_r2.pdf </pre> {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Seagate Barracuda 7200.9 | ST3160812AS, ST3160212AS | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 - Capacity: 160 GB - Speed: 7200RPM - Cache: 8 MB - Interface: SATA2 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda LP Green 5400rpm | <!--Model-->ST1000DL002 1TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SkyHawk Surveillance HDD ST4000VX000 Series | <!--Model-->ST4000VX013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Baracuda Compute | <!--Model-->ST500DM009 2F110A-500 / 02PKVY / 2PKVY (500m), | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> - SATA III (6Gb/s) - Format 3.5" - 32MB Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate CMR | <!--Model-->ST1000DM010 ST500DM009 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 2TB SMR | <!--Model-->ST2000DM008 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SMR | <!--Model-->ST8000DM004 ST6000DM003 ST4000DM004 ST3000DM007 ST2000DM005 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD220 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD320 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba P300 CMR | <!--Model-->HDWD130XZSTA HDWD130UZSVA, HDWD120XZSTA HDWD120UZSVA, HDWD110XZSTA HDWD110UZSVA | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2010 | <!--Model-->WD20EARS Green 2TB 5400rpm 64mb cache | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD20EFRX WD40EFRX 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital | <!--Model-->WD4002FFWD | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD80EAAZ WD80EAZZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAZ, WD60EZAZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ, WD20EZAZ - 2TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAX - 4TB, WD60EZAX - 6TB, WD80EZAX - 8TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- |} ==PATA== === IDE Desktop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | M1624TAU | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | IBM | DHEA-38451 | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SP40A2H | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST3160215ACE | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST32122A | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD102AA | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD200 | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Laptop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHV2040AH | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Toshiba | MK2011GAP | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Compaq | CR-594-BCQ | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8322B(CP1) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8484B(AM2A) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | LTN-485 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Creative | CD220E | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Hitachi-LG | GDA-4120B | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | LG | CRD-8400B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Lite-On | LTN486S | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Mitsumi | CRMC-FX4830T | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | CDR-1700B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | DV-5800A | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | ND-2100A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | NR-7900A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Philips | DVD8631 | {{no}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Samsung | SC-148 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SCR-2030 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SM-348B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU601 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU611-25 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Toshiba | SD-M1202 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === IDE Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->H-L Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GCC-4244N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2006 |- | Hitachi-LG | GCCT10N | {{yes}} | {{Maybe|FryingPan WRITE seems to have no problem with data sections (track 1) - combos with audio sections (track 2) white screens aros eventually}} | AspireOS Xenon with 25th Jan 2014 self update kernel |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Philips | SDR089 | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L462C TS-L462D | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | 2005 Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L632H | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Sony | DW-Q58A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Sony Optiarc | AD-7540A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->Optiarc DVD RW AD-7560A IDE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7590A | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} == SCSI == {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} NVMe accepts up to 64,000 queues with up to 64,000 commands each. gwrnoo3m5jfgy1hfg7qg71k4wu8ansz 4634502 4634501 2026-05-06T19:10:54Z Jeff1138 301139 4634502 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ArosNav}} ==Introduction== AROS supports hard disks and optical drives attached to several interfaces: * [[#NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)]] on the pci-e bus * [[#SATA]] aka Serial ATA or AHCI (IDE compatibility mode used in most cases) * IDE (also known as ATA, [[#PATA]] or Parallel ATA) * USB * SCSI limited ==PCI-e== ===NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)=== *Controller and firmware *DRAM better having if heavy workloads but not necessary for gaming *Cache like SLC HMB techniques *NAND (Main storage area with MLC, TLC or QLC versions of varying life expectancy) SSDs, USB flash drive, SD and Micro SD Cards have a limited amount of write cycles, therefore guaranteed to fail randomly and suddenly at any time. All SSDs are prone to corrupt firmware due to poor quality NAND where both the data and the firmware resides. The drive tends to go read only when too many errors occur before complete failure. That is up to 10 years for things like memory cards and USB sticks. In general, unless there is a firmware design issue, cheap materials used, stress like bending or overheating causing cold solder joints, an SSD can last a long time if minimal writing activity takes place but eventually if flash isn't written to, it degrades. Catch 22. Dram and cache are not the same thing. Dram stores the ssds indexes and metadata for faster data retrieval and wear leveling. The cache keeps part of the nand memory as SLC storage which can be written to faster. Basically all ssds will have a dynamic SLC cache where it will decrease as the drive fills up. Cache controller designs that are DRAM less use the internal SRAM cache in the controller to cache the NAND mapping table. It just requires a different mapping table design since SRAM caches are much smaller than DRAM. Ultimately the mapping table is still stored in NAND. General rule of thumb: the cheaper an SSD, the higher the likelihood it uses lower quality flash chips so sudden failing NAND, problematic controller chips (e.g. SandForce), outsourced firmware. Generic brand like old SP, Corsair or Crucial may be recoverable whilst major brands Samsung, Intel and Western Digital are impossible due to firmware encryption and customizations. Recommend sticking with older Silicon Motion or Phison controllers if possible. A ssd isn't good because it has dram or bad because it doesn't. Other things should be taken into account like sustained writes so check the TPU write intensive usage See [https://www.techpowerup.com/ssd-specs/ here] for more information {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="15%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="30%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 to - SM2259XT2 SM2263XT MAS0902 MAP1202 YS9082HP RM1135 RTS5765 PS3111 |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed OEMs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 to date - Realtek RTS5765/66 controller + Micron 96L (B27A) |- | <!--Brand-->Acer Predator GM7 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Acer drives built by Biwin, that also supplies HP, Maxio MAP1602A no DRAM so HMB, YMTC 128L TLC, |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 NVME IM2P33F8, IM2S3168 SSD | <!--Model-->IM2P33F8-512GD | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - industrial 12L 3D TLC NAND flash Supports LDPC ECC, RAID Engine, and SLC Cache End-to-End (E2E) Data Path Protection with Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. DRAMless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG SX8200 Pro M.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ASX8200PNP1TTC | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 NVM Express 1.3 SN2262G later SN2262EN chipset - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 256GB GEN4 x4 NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->SM2P41C3-256GC2 DP/N 0KM1Y6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 consumer |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG GAMMIX S50 Lite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Silicon Motion SM2267XT dramless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG ATOM 50 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Innogrit RainierQX IG5220 |- | <!--Brand-->Adata Legend 710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Legend 900 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Innogrit IG5216 controller, no DRAM so HMB which appears to be the standard - |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin NV7200 PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SM2263XT |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin NV7400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force LE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force Series MP500 MP510 M.2 NVMe PCIe Gen 3 x4 SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 PS5012-E12-27 from Phison, 64-layer TLC Toshiba BiCS flash, may have dram cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 96L QLC - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Elite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E16 and Bics DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Pro XT, PRO LPX, PRO NH PCIe4 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP600ECS Elite, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 DRAMless SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, BiCS6 162L QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Core XT | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison and Bics QLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP700 Pro PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP700PNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P1 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 QLC NAND but a controller with a DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P2 M.2 2280 Gen3 x4 NVM-express | <!--Model-->CT1000P2SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 dram-less Phison PS5013-E13-31 on 96-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 Plus M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->CT1000P3PSSD8 CT2000P3PSSD801 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with Host Memory Buffer HMB tech to use a small bit of system RAM as DRAM cache and Micron 176-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 M.2 nvme SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P3SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron QLC (N48R) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 m.2 nvme PCIe 4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 runs hot - Crucial NVMe with DRAM LPDDR4 and Micron 96L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 some have DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T500 Gen4.0 nvme 2.0 | <!--Model-->CT1000T500SSD8, CT2000T500SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison PS5025-E25 with micron B58R 232-layer 3D TLC NAND and Micron LPDDR4 DRAM cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T700 Gen5 SSD | <!--Model-->CT1000T700SSD3, CT2000T700SSD3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, Micron 232-layer NAND with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P310 M.2 2280 NVMe PCIe Gen4 SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P310SSD801 (2Tb), | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 DRAM-less Phison E27T Micron 232-layer NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T705 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 dramless Phison SSD controller |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 SMI SM2508 SSD controller dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN605 PCIe Gen3 x4 interface, NVMe 1.3 support | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN660 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN760 PCIe Gen4 x4 M.2 NVMe 1.4 interface | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 gets hot |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN870 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 no dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN855 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S500 pro PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 MaxioTech MAP1202A-F1C with YMTC 128L and pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S660 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S880/R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S770 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX550 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN501 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->FIKWOT FN950 FN955 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 MAP1602 (at 1600 MT/s) flash YMTC TLC no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX991 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->FW-FX991-2TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN960 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN970 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Geil ZEN ITH m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->S3-240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus Gen4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash - DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus 10000 PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->HP EX950 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HP FX900 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dram less |- | <!--Brand-->HP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M2 Series NVME M.2 2280 PCIe Gen 3x4 | <!--Model-->INSSD500GM280NM2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Professional TLC E12S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E18 |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Gaming performance Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash |- | <!--Brand-->Inland TD510 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM DDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->intel SSD Pro 7600p Series M.2 80mm 2280 PCIe 3.0 x4, 3D TLC | <!--Model-->SSDPEKKF512GB, SSDPEKKF256G8L, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel 660p m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ssdpeknw010tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 SMI SM2263 controller with 1GB DRAM cache and 1TB of Intel QLC NAND similar to crucial P1 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] 670p | <!--Model-->SSDPEKNU010TZ | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 256 MB DDR3L cache and 12-140 GB SLC-Cache QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Intel P4511 m.2 nvme PCIe3.1 x4 22110 110mm | <!--Model-->SSDPELKX020T8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 very long |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A1000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA1000M8/480G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A2000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA2000M8/250G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston KC3000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] PS5018-E18 PCIe 4.0 x4 NVMe controller and Micron’s 176L TLC NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV1 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model-->SNV1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 entry-level consumer DRAMless Phison E13T or Silicon Motion 4-channel SM2263XT - one brand TLC up to 1Tb and QLC after - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV2 | <!--Model-->SNV2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 entry-level, first SMI SM2267XT or Phison E19T and later SMI SM2269XT or Phison E21T with various flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston FURY Renegade m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] Phison E18 controller, Micron 176L nand and ddr4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV3 | <!--Model-->SNV3S/500G, SNV3S/1000G, SNV3S/2000G, SNV3S/4000G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 entry-level, SMI SM2268XT2 or Phison E27T controller with BiCS6 TLC or QLC flash - dramless so hmb - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG4? M2 2280 NVMe PCIe SSD | <!--Model-->THNSF5512GPUK, THNSN51T02DUK, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 Phison has done custom controller work for Kioxia, and Kioxia has also worked with SMI and InnoGrit (the latter more recently). Kioxia label their controllers as their own but these are largely rebadged. |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG5 for Data Centres | <!--Model-->KXG5 KXG50ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 nanya ddr3 dram? with 64-layer BiCS 3D flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG6 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->KXG60ZNV512G, KXG60ZNV1T02, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 TC58NCP090GSD with DRAM NANYA LPDDR3 and Toshiba BiCS FLASH 96-layer 3D TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> *KBG40ZNS128G, KBG40ZNS256G, KBG40ZNS512G, KBG40ZNS1T02 *KBG40ZNT256G, *KBG40ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - no dram but NVMe's Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. portion of the system's RAM for caching - Toshiba's 96-Layer BiCS FLASH - seems Windows UASP driver and the JMS583 chipset interacts badly with the Kioxia BG4 - early firmware upgrade to prevent overheating hot - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG7 | <!--Model-->KXG70ZNV1T0G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 - might need firmware update on early 2tb 4tb versions - controller with sk hynix dram and tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G2 SSD series PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5012-E12S-32 aka TC58NC1201GST 4-channel controller along with KIOXIA proprietary 96-layer 3D TLC and "MG2h" version has BiCS4.5 which is faster than launch BiCS4 - - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG8 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 TC58NC0L1XGSD with DRAM LPDDR4 and 112-Layer Kioxia BiCS5 TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG5 | <!--Model-->KGB50ZNV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 HMB buffer |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G3 SSD series PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 has hmb, like most dram-less nvmes KIOXIA |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar 1TB SSD M.2 NVME 1.4 Gen3x4 M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->NM610Pro | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM620 *IG5216 (worse?) not great original 96L *MAP1202 YMTC up to 232L, or 176L Micron, TLC for the 1TB | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 a few versions all DRAM-less, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM790 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Maxio MAP1602 no DRAM so HMB with 232-Layer YMTC TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->EQ790 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Maxio MAP1602, no DRAM so HMB, Flash Memory 232-Layer YMTC TLC, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Liteon M.2 NVME 512GB SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->CAZ-51282512-Q11 DP/N 0K64PG | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2200S m.2 nvme 2200 series | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TCK, MTFDHBA512TCK | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 for a time, Micron controller with 64L TLC 3D Nand [https://www.dell.com/support/home/en-uk/drivers/driversdetails?driverid=3jg3g BSOD occurred as CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED] before self applied firmware [https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/downloads/ds119265-nvme-solid-state-drive-firmware-update-utility-for-windows-10-64-bit-thinkpad apparently it is related to the power management that disconnects the Micron SSD] |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2300 m.2 nvme Gen 3 x4 | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TDV P/N M02626-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 3400 M.2 NVME SSD Gen4 | <!--Model-->MTFDKBA512TFH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no cache |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2450 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 E19T |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2600 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison's PS5029-E29T SSD controller with Micron 276-layer G9 QLC NAND in a DRAMless - Adaptive Write Technology (AWT) using various NAND modes (SLC, TLC, and QLC) as a dynamic cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium S270 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium M450 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV2000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico J10 J-10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico D10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico e3500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico O7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P300 m.2 nvme pcie 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot Viper VP4300 Lite M.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2230 Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2140 CS2342 Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk 1T 2280 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 no dram, Memory QLC Intel 144 layer. Chip Realtek |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket Nano 2242 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-2130-512, SB-2280-1TB, SB-Rocket-NVME4-HTSK-2TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 PLUS m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-RKT4P-1TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E1? controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Phison E25 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM951 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZVLV1T | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 950 PRO PM961 M.2 2280 NVMe 1.3 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *MZ-VKW5120 *MZ-VLW2560 MZVLW256HEHP-000L7, MZ-VLW5120, MZ-SLW1T00 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - possibly 512M LPDDR3 Samsung K4E4E324EE-ECCF cache - Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) unit with Samsung 48-layer TLC V-NAND V3 flash Samsung K90MGY8S7M-CCK0 - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 960 Pro SM961 M.2 PCi-e NVMe SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-V6P1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) controller Samsung 48-layer multi-level cell (MLC) V-NAND, pseudo-SLC cache or LPDDR3-1866 Samsung K4E8E304EE-EGCF |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *Rev 0 MZ-VLB256A, MZ-VLB512A, MZ-VLB1T0A, *Rev 0 MZ-VLB2560, MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HAJQ, MZ-VLB1T00, *Rev ? MZ-VLB256B, MZ-VLB512B, MZ-VLB1T0B, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache hybrid SLC Samsung’s TurboWrite - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981a 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HBJQ-000L7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991 NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ2560 MZVLQ256HBJD-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991a NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ256B MZVLQ256HBJD-00BH1, MZ-9LQ256C, MZ-VLQ512B MZVLQ512HBLU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 970 EVO Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Samsung Phoenix on Samsung LPDDR4 dram and 2 Samsung 9x-layer V-NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 EVO Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V8P1T0BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 originally made in Korea ([https://semiconductor.samsung.com/consumer-storage/support/tools/ 2tb firmware issues] with versions starting with 3) and year later Vietnam - DRAM |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9E2T0BW, MZ-V9E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo no DRAM so HMB Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) and Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) - |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM9A1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VL25120 MZVL2512HCJQ, MZVL21T00 MZVL21T0HCLR-00BL2, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 might be OEM variant of the 980 Pro |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM9B1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model--> *2023 MZ9L4256HCJQ-00BD1 MZ-9L4256A, , *2025 MZ-VL42560, MZ-VL45120, MZ-VL421T, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SSD controller is Marvell 88SS1322 Whistler Plus, no DRAM cache and Samsung 128-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO Plus m.2 nvme2.0 | <!--Model-->MZ-V9S2T0BW, MZ-V9S1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo with no DRAM so HMB and Samsung 236-Layer (V8) TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9P2T0BW, MZ-V9P1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 2tb early firmware issue - Samsung Pascal with DRAM LPDDR4 and 176-Layer V-NAND TLC - has had firmware design issues, causing premature failure - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 9100 PRO PCIe Gen5 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 510 G3 x4 nvme | <!--Model--> *ZP1000GM30001, *ZP500GM30021 P/N 2NT308-300, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad early batch - Phison E12 STXYP0160031 on SK Hynix DRAM DDR4 with Kioxia BiCS3 64L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda Q5 | <!--Model-->ZP500CV30001,ZP250CV30001,ZP1000CV30001 P/N 2ZK307-881,ZP2000CV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 PS5013-E13-31 from Phison, no DRAM cache and QLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 515 | <!--Model-->ZP500GV30001,ZP250GV30001,ZP1000GV30001,ZP2000GV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 no dram and qlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate FireCuda 520 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 ×4 NVMe 1.4 | <!--Model-->ZP2000GM30002, ZP1000GM30002, ZP500GM30002 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 520N m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP2000GV3A012, ZP1000GV3A012 and ZP500GV3A012 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP500GM3A013, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5018-E18 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 176L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model-->ZP1000CV3A002, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 540 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD85 m.2 nvme PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 [http://vlo.name:3000/ssdtool/ firmware tools] |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD90 PCIe 4.0 nvme | <!--Model-->SP250GBP44UD9005, SP500GBP44UD9005, SP01KGBP44UD9005, SP02KGBP44UD9005, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron TLC (B47R) but later no name QLC nand instead - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A60 A80 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 various originally an E12 drive with 64L Toshiba NAND, then had variations with E12S and SM2262EN as well as random 64L/96L, now it comes with a MAP1001A controller by Maxio and some YMTC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power US75 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC501 M.2 m.2 NVMe PCIe Gen3 SSD | <!--Model--> *Rev0 HFM256GDHTNG-8510B SSS0L24764, HFM256GDJTNG-8310A, *Rev1 HFM256GDHTNG-8310A SSS0Q68673, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC511 512GB NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->HFM256GDJTNI-82A0A HFM512GDGTNI-82A0A D P/N 0TG8T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix BC711 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model-->HFM001TD3JX013N, HFM512GD3JX013N, HFM256GD3JX013N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 okay but no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix PC711 m.2 2280 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> *HFS001TDE9X073N, HFS512GDE9X073N, HFS256GDE9X073N *HFS001TDE9X080N, HFS512GDE9X080N, HFS256GDE9X081N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC210 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC601 PCIe 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - Cepheus Plus YCN34PTA0FR Controller and 48L TLC Flash, pseudo-SLC cache and LPDDR4-3733 SK Hynix H9HCNNN8KUMLHR-NME dram - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC401 3rd gen PCIe | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Gold P31 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 SK hynix’s proprietary Cepheus controller |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix SK500 Gen 4 (x4) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Platinum P41 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Aries SSD controller with 176-Layer TLC flash - SK hynix LPDDR4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix PC801 PCIe Gen4 x4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->HFS001TEJ9X101N, HFS512GEJ9X101N, HFS256GEJ9X101N, HFS002TEJ9X101N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC901 m.2 nvme PCIe Gen4 2230 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Silicon Motion SM2269XT with no DRAM so HMB buffer cache - SK Hynix 176-layer TLC NAND flash 1TB only - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team | <!--Model-->TM8PS7512G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup MP34 | <!--Model-->MP34 256GB, MP34 512GB, MP34 1TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 good Phison E12 with DRAM NANYA DDR3L and Toshiba BiCS 3 64L TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea A440 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison PS5018-E18 NVMe 1.4 controller and Micron’s 96L TLC with SK hynix 8Gb DDR4 chips but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group TForce Cardea A440 Lite PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 dram-less E27T controller and 162L TLC but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team Z44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team MP44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E21T no DRAM so HMB with 176-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Team MP33Q | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - dramless maxio MAP1202 with TLC (MP33) or QLC (MP33Q) - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group QX GE Pro m.2 nvme PCIe5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 innogit IG5666 with QLC 3D 232L nand with DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force G70 Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 InnoGrit IG5236 (Rainier) with DRAM and NAND YMTC TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea Z540 m.2 nvme PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison E26 controller and 232L TLC and DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE110S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS128GMTE110S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE220S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS2TMTE220S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2230 TS256GMTE300S TS512GMTE300S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND, 1G and 2G get hot |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE400S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 mlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Union Memory (Shenzhen) AM6672 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM6A0 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Verbatim V15000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN720 M.2 2280 NVME PCIE for Data Centers | <!--Model-->SDAQNTW-512G-1001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2021 |- | <!--Brand-->WDC SN520 2230 Gen3 x2 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital ix sn530 M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 industrial sandisk controller and firmware, as well as 96-layer 3D TLC NAND memory that can work in TLC or SLC mode - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN730 Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 M.2 NVME | <!--Model-->SDBPNTY-1T00, SDBPNTY-512G-1012, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 to 2021 DRAM Cache DDR4-2666 CL18 Micron MT40A512M16LY-075:E (D9WFH) with Controller WD 20-82-00705-A2 Triton MP28 and NAND Flash Toshiba BiCS4 60082 512G (Rebranded by SanDisk) TLC 96-layer |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN750 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 64-layer 3D stacked NAND with 3 bits per cell TLC (Triple Level Cell) with 256MB of skhynix DRAM cache for every 250GB |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN850 m.2 nvme Gen4 PHY | <!--Model-->WDS100T1X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Sandisk G2 controller with Micron DDR4 cache - new nCache 4.0 slc cache total dynamic capacity spans one-third (300GB on 1TB) with a small static SLC cache (12GB on 1TB) from the Kioxia BiCS4 96L TLC 96-layer NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN550 Blue M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - various controllers and NANDs |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SN810 NVMe SSD 2280 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 slc cache - laptop oem only no retail version - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN850X | <!--Model-->WDS100T2X0E, WDS200T2X0E, WDS400T2X0E, WDS800T2X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 issues with early ssd firmware and AMD Zen 3 X570 and X670E chipsets - Sandisk A101000291-82 controller with 112-layer TLC and DDR4 DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN570 single-sided M.2 2280 (80mm) PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless - WD/SanDisk SSD controller with BiCS 5 3D NAND TLC 112-layer NAND flash memory - |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Black SN770 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->WDS100T3X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless cache with TLC |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green SN350 m.2 NVMe SSD | <!--Model-->WDS100T3G0C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 DRAM-less cache with SanDisk controller and QLC (quad-level cell) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->WD_BLACK SN750 SE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Phison E19T, dramless |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN740 M.2 (2230) PCIe 4.0 x4 2280 | <!--Model-->SDDQTQD-1T00, SDDPNQD-, SDDPNQD-256G-2006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless with SSD controller WD Sandisk 20-82-10081-A1 Polaris MP16+ with Toshiba BiCS5 112-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN580 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless SanDisk controller with (HMB) and 112-Layer Kioxia TLC (BiCS5) |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN8100 / Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 8100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX 5100 7100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 850X | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Zhitai (Yangtze Memory) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === Mini SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin PCIe 4×2 NVMe 1.3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 GPDwin5 and Oneplayer Superx hybrid - 3D TLC - LGA packaging - V1 slide tray mechanism - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- |} ==SATA== Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI), a programming interface for SATA host controllers. Platforms supporting AHCI may take advantage of performance features such as no master/slave designation for SATA devices — each device is treated as a master — and hardware-assisted native command queuing. AHCI may but not often also provides usability enhancements such as Hot-Plug (Desktop and Mobile Only). AHCI requires appropriate software support (e.g., an AHCI driver) AHCI, the underlying protocol for SATA, only supports one queue with 32 commands. The issue with AHCI is that it's going to take a pile of test hardware just to figure out all the different bugs in all the motherboard chipsets and add-on PCI cards that 'kinda' implement AHCI. Not to mention Silicon Image, which took a very different approach from Intel's AHCI in their SATA controllers. === SATA 7mm 2.5inch SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 240GB Ultimate SU630 2.5" | <!--Model-->ASU630SS-240GQ-R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su650 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU650SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su800 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU800 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI SM2258 controller with Micron 3D TLC NAND but low performance when data fills the SLC cache - slow write speed - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su680 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU680SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS340 Panther | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS350 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M225 SSD 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2009 sata2 3gbp/s |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial C300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 sata3 6gbps - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2011 Marvell 88SS9174-BKK2 processor, 25nm MLC NAND flash and 128MB dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M500 120Gb to 960Gb | <!--Model-->CT250M500SSD1, CT500M500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M550 120G to 1T | <!--Model-->CT250M550SSD1, CT500M550SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX100 | <!--Model-->CT500BX100SSD1, CT1000BX100SSD1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - no dram - Silicon Motion SM2246EN and ATA version ACS-2 - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache Micron controller and nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial MX200 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX300 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dramless cache - Micron ex Tidal controller and TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) bx500 2.5inch | <!--Model-->CT240BX500SSD1, CT480BX500SSD1, CT960BX500SSD1, CT1000BX500SSD1, CT2000BX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SM2258XT 4channel later SM2259XT paired with Micron’s latest 64-Layer 3D TLC flash but dramless SLC cache (part of the tlc flash) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX500 | <!--Model-->CT250MX500SSD1, CT500MX500SSD1, CT1000MX500SSD1, CT2000MX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - dram cache from 256M to 2G - discontinued end of 2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no dram cache, Hynix memory 3dv7-176l 176 layer QLC (one chip), either raymx rm1135, SM2259XT controller or Realtek rts5735dlq |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang ranxiana S102 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101Q 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX815 Standard 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FS810 Ultra 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertec FirestormLite 2.5inch | <!--Model-->S240GHS3-M or SDSSD240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertech | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral V2 Plus 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 520 Series 2.5 inch SATA 6Gb/s 2.5" SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SSDSC2CW240A3, SSDSC2CW480A3, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 LSI SandForce SF2281, Flash Memory Intel Synchronous 25nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro Series 1500 | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BF180A4L SSD0E38417, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel S3610 Series 2.5" 400GB 6GBPS SATA SSD | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BX400G4R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 data center |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD Pro 5400s 512 GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF512H6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3510 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDS2BB400G6, SSDSC2BB480G6R, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3520 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BB800G7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3710 Series 800GB 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BA800G4P, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 server |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 545S Series 256GB 512GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KW256G8X1, SSDSC2KW512G8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] SSD DC S4500 240GB 2.5inch - HP Enterprise | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KB240G7P | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingspec P3-512 P3-1T0 P3-2TO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston SSDNow 300 | <!--Model-->SV300S37A/240G, SV300S37A/120G, SV300S37A/60G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dramless - lsi sandforce SF2281 or JMicron JMF662 controller with Toshiba MLC or Intel MLC |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 120G to 960Gb 2.5inch | <!--Model-->SA400S37/240G SBFK61K1, SA400S37/480G, SA400S37/960G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 half case sized ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - t6 security torx into metal case - dram less - poor write speeds - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia formerly Toshiba HG6 2.5in | <!--Model--> *9.5mm THNSNJ512GBSU, THNSNJ256GBSU, THNSNJ128GBSU *7mm THNSNJ512GCSU THNSNJ512GCSY, THNSNJ256GCSU THNSNJ256GCSY, THNSNJ128GCSU THNSNJ128GCSY | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NS100 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->LNS100-1TRB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - Marvell 88NV1120 Artemis, a DRAM cache is not available and pseudo-SLC. Micron 64-layer TLC NAND flash 4 chips @ 512 Gbit TS7512G181 (Rebranded by Lexar) (256G) - 4 nand flash chips Lexar/TST22T181/ B1924 and one controller: Lexar DM918/NOD43 1907 (512G) - |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NQ100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - DM928 controller which operates without a DRAM buffer. Two 128GB Micron NAND flash chips |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LiteOn | <!--Model-->LCS-128L9S-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 no dram - sata2 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Matrix 256Gb 512GB SATA 2.5in SSD | <!--Model-->MIS512GSDS, MIS256GSDS | <!--Work MSDos-->UP TO 550MB/S | <!--Work GPT-->UP TO 500MB/S | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1100 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TBN-1AR1ZA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1300 2TB 1300 2.5" | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TDL-1AW1ZABHA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 - old sdd - TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Micron RealSSD C400 2.5inch | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK256MAM-1K12 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Mushkin Reactor | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC flash |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac SA500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y-20 Y20 2.5 inch sata SHENZHEN ORICO TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Orico S500-Pro s500pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Origin Storage Inception TLC830 Pro Series 2.5in SATA III SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D tlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P210 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> qlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P220 | <!--Model-->P220S2TB25 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Plextor M6V | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS900 2.5 in sata SSD | <!--Model-->SSD7CS900-480-PB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2311, CS3030 and Pro Elite SSDs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung SM PM | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->PM871a or PM871b? SM/PM = 2-bit or 3-bit MLC. PM = 3-bit MLC = TLC. 8 = generation = 8xx, 7 = model = 850 EVO (in this case), 1 = usage (e.g. 3 = datacenter). a/b = revision or type of flash, the 850 EVO had multiple revisions including at least three types of flash (32L, 48L, 64L) so a = 32/48L, b = 64L. At lower capacities it might use different flash, for example the 256GB SM951 utilizies 2D/planar while the higher capacities use 3D. OEM drives tend to have different, optimized firmware, so performance will not be the same |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE120 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 2.5in sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE5120 P/N MZ7TE512HMHP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-75E120, MZ-75E500 (P/N MZ7LN500) to MZ-75E4T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 Samsung MGX controller (S4LN062X01) up to 500GB capacities whilst Samsung MEX controller (3-core) beyond - Samsung TLC 3D V‐NAND 48 and later 64 layers and possibility of 256MB, 512MB or 1GB LPDDR2-1066 DRAM chip - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 PRO | <!--Model-->MZ-7KE1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN512A P/N MZ7LN512HMJP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM883 1.92TB | <!--Model-->MZ-7LH1T90 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) - 1gb LPDDR4-1866 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76E1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 QVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76Q1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 QVO 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN56F, MZ-77E1T0 P/N MZ7L31TOHBLB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 beware of bad batch early death - uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871b | <!--Model-->MZ7LN256HCHP-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra 3D/Extreme Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 SandForce SF-2281 dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDHP-256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell SS889175 processor with SanDisk's 19nm NAND and 128MB Samsung DDR2 DRAM chip |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Marvell 88SS9188 Marvell 88SS9187 with SanDisk 64Gbit 19nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDA-240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 pseudo SLC cache dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z400s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - Silicon Motion SM2246XT DRAM-less - budget end of market - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 4 NAND packages and marvell controller 88ss1074 on blue pcb - 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate BarraCuda Q1 SSD | <!--Model-->ZA240CV10001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 dramless A55 started with the Phison S10 but later the S11 i.e. Phison PS3111-S11-13 controller and 96-layer TLC NAND flash memory with a pseudo-SLC cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power Ace A55 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->sk hynix | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 sandforce controller - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SH910A | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Link_A_Media (LAMD) controller with eight 256Gbit H27QEGDVEBLR NAND 20nm hynix MLC - SK hynix H5PS1G83JFA DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->HFS256G32MND-3210A, HFS256G32MND-3312A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - red strip around edges - 8-channel controller SK hynix LM87810AA-A0 with DDR2 buffer chip and four pieces of 16nm hynix MLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SL300 series 2.5in SSD *3110A SL301STD *3210A *3300A *3310A | <!--Model-->HFS500G32TND, HFS256G32TNE, HFS128G32TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC - consumer line red in corners - SK hynix LM878100AA (HFS256G32MND-3312A) later SH87820BB and NAND 16nm hynix TLC - 256mb dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SC3 series 2.5in SSD *N1A0A , , *N1A1A *N1A2A SC308STD, *N2A0A , , SC311STD | <!--Model-->HFS512G32TNF-N2A0A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - red in corners - no dram and no SLC cache - Hynix ex Link_A_Media Devices (LAMD) SH87820BB 2c but poor mixed workload ability MLC - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team EX2 GX2 Elite QX | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP AX2 2.5 Inch SATA III Solid State Drive SSD | <!--Model-->T253A3512G0C101, T253A3001T0C101, T253A3002T0C101, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 3D NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup TF Vulcan Z 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dramless smi2259xt 128L tlc nand - |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup T-Force Vulcan ZQLC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram-less smi2259xt qlc 144L nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Topesel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend 220S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS120GSSD220S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 3D TLC without dram |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend SSD230S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS256GSSD230S TS512GSSD230S TS1TSSD230S TS2TSSD230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Viathan | <!--Model-->S001T3V | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red SA500 NAS | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 250Gb to 4Tb | <!--Model-->WDS400T3B0A WDS200T3B0A WDS100T3B0A WDS500G3B0A WDS250G3B0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SSD 2.5" | <!--Model-->WDS240G1G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green 200Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T2G0A WDS100T3G0A WDS480G2G0A WDS240G2G0A WDS120G2G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - cheap and slow ssd - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SA530 | <!--Model-->SDASB8Y-256G SD9SB8W, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.xray-disk.com xraydisk] 2.5 inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> from the manufacturer only - Phsion/SMI(2258XT)/Realtek/Yeestor |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Xum | <!--Model-->hx256gssdsata3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y3000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCie 3.0 |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y7000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCIe 4.0 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === SATA M.2 (M and B key) === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 2280 Sata | <!--Model-->AXNS381E-128GM-B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S201 m.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->S201 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN203 m.2 sata (oldtan, twipps, teexin aka Shenzhen Pingfan "Ordinary" Road Technology Co., Ltd) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 lifespan not long Maxio MAP + YMTC 128L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Foresee (Shenzhen Longsys) | <!--Model-->YSM80CD-128G YSDE128G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 88nv1120-bt22 T3WU030 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 2242 120G | <!--Model-->INSSD120GM242 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->INSSD256GM.26M2280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 256GB/512GB/1TB/2TB | <!--Model-->INSSD1TM280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 netac rebrand - no dram cache - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro ‎545S 2280 | <!--Model-->SSDSCKKF256G8H | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> no dram, TLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intenso M.2 internalSSD SATA III 1 TB | <!--Model-->Top | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 m.2 | <!--Model-->SA400M8/240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 entry level ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model-->RBU-SNS8350DES3128GP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston V300 | <!--Model-->SV300S3505AG | <!--Work MSDos-->{{yes}} | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Nightly Build 2014-09-18 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON SATA 128GB | <!--Model-->CV3-8D128-11 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON | <!--Model-->CV1-8B256-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lite-On | <!--Model-->L8H-256V2G-HP L8H-128V2G-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 2016 nanya nt5c864m16fp-dh |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LSI | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 SF37000 controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model-->M550 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron M600 enterprise m.2 sata up to 512GB | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256MBF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller, DRAM chip 256MB 533MHz LPDDR2, NAND for the 256GB drive MT29F1T08CQCCBG2-10:C 16nm MLC NAND each 128GB package |- | <!--Brand-->MICRON 1100 M.2 SATA 6Gb/s 2280 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256TBN HP P/N 903109-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y20M-2242 | <!--Model-->Y20M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM841 M.2 sata3 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-NTD2560/0L9 MZNTD256HAGL-000L9 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung CM871 Rev 0 | <!--Model-->MZNLF128HCHP-000H1 MZ-NLF1280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a m.2 Sata | <!--Model-->MZNLN256HMHQ, NLN512A P/N MZNLN512HMJP-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM871b | <!--Model-->MZNLN128HAHQ-000H1, MZNLN256HAJQ MZ-NLN256F MZ-NLN256C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM881 | <!--Model-->MZ-NLH1280 MZNLH128HBHQ-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X300 M.2 sata 2280 80mm SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD7SN6S-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk X400 SSD M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->SD8SN8U-128G-1006, SD8SN8U-256G-1006, SD8SN8U-512-1006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 SSD controller Marvell 88SS1074 four channel supports variety of NAND and up to 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X600 M.2 SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD9SN8W-128G-1006 SD9TN8W-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SANDISK X110 DELL 6T4HK M.2 2260 | <!--Model-->SD6SP1M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->SC308M280S HFS128G39TND | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 SH87820BB controller - No dram buffer - multi-level cell (MLC) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC311 HFS256G39TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC401 HFS256G39TNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->A55 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP Team MS30 SSD M.2 Sata 2280 | <!--Model-->TM8PS7001T0C101 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba RC100 (retail version of BG3) | <!--Model-->KBG30ZMV256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba HG6 m.2 | <!--Model-->THNSNJ512GDNU THNSNJ512G8NY, THNSNJ256GDNU THNSNJ256G8NY, THNSNJ128GDNU THNSNJ128G8NY, THNSNJ256GVNU THNSNJ128GVNU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA SSD M.2 2280 256GB | <!--Model-->KSG50ZMV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 | <!--Model-->KSG60ZMG256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->400 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS32GMTS400S TS64GMTS400S TS128GMTS400S | <!--Model-->400S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> DDR3 dram cache and mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->M.2 SSD 600 (2260), M.2 SSD 800S (2280) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS120GMTS420S TS240GMTS420S TS480GMTS420S | <!--Model-->420S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> can run hot slc cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS256GMTS430S TS512GMTS430S | <!--Model-->430S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache - 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS120GMTS820S TS240GMTS820S TS960GMTS820S | <!--Model-->820S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS256GMTS830S TS512GMTS830S TS1TMTS830S TS4TMTS830S | <!--Model-->830S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 120GB to 480Gb | <!--Model-->WDS480G2G0B WDS240G2G0B WDS120G2G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 made in malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 240Gb to | <!--Model-->WDS240G3G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 made in |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 M.2 SATA 250Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T3B0B WDS100T3B0B WDS500G3B0B WDS250G3B0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red 500GB 1TB 2TB | <!--Model-->SA500 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM610 m.2 sata | <!--Model-->SSS0R27339, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === mSATA SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fangxiang S301 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingchuxing | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model-->INSSD256GMSA MO-300 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc 3d nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron enterprise | <!--Model-->M600 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico ZH-10 ZH10 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO 1.8in | <!--Model-->MZ-M5E120BW, MZ-M5E250BW, MZ-M5E500BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 1.8" msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MTE256D P/N MZ-MTMTE256HMHP, MZ-MTE1T00, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MM6E250BW, MZ-M6E500BW, MZ-M6E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA370S | <!--Model-->MSA370S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA230S | <!--Model-->230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5inch Laptop Hard Disks === ====7mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP628230-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP552605-01 250Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP693440-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z5K320 Z5K500-500 Z5K100 series * 2013 HTS545050A7E380 HTS * 2015 HTS545050A7E680 HTS | <!--Model-->HTS 320GB 500Gb 1Tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z7K320 Z7K500 series | <!--Model-->HTS725050A7E630 320Gb HTS725050A7E635 500Gb 7200rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> avoid if it does not have the DCM code |- | <!--Brand-->HGST 1T 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HTS541010B7E610 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 128m cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus Thin | <!--Model-->ST500LT012 ST320LT012. ST250LT012 500Gb 320gb 250gb 2014 5.4K rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Thin SSHD 5400RPM Sata 2.5" | <!--Model-->ST500LM000 500GB, ST500LM001, ST500LM020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 up to 64M cache and with 8GB NAND Flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate MomentusThin-B Video 2.5 HDD * 2014 * 2015 * 2016 * 2017 | <!--Model-->ST500VT000 500GB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE Baracuda 2.5 5400 | <!--Model-->ST2000LM015 (2Gb), ST1000LM049 (1Tb), ST500LM030 (500Gb) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda Pro | <!--Model-->ST1000LM048 ST1000LM035 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> up to 128MB cache |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE FireCuda Compute 2.5 | <!--Model-->ST500LX025 ST1000LX015 ST2000LX001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 8GB NAND Commercial Multilevel Cell (cMLC), 128MB buffer and 5400-RPM spindle speed up to 140 MB/s |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 2.5in | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2018 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA MQ01ACF | <!--Model-->MQ01ACF050 500GB 7200rpm 2020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->western digital wd blue 500G 8meg cache 5400rpm * 2014 Rev T0 * 2015 Rev T1 | <!--Model-->wd5000lpvx | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012-2015 sequential 2MB block transfers 110 MB/s reading and writing - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2.5" WD Blue Slim | <!--Model-->WD10SPCX 1TB Nov 2016 | <!--Work MSDos-->{{Yes|hdd under partition table msdos/pc, boots on bios machines, will not on uefi machine}} | <!--Work GPT-->{{Unk|untested hdd under gpt partition protocol scheme, not booting on uefi}} | <!--Tested under-->AROS One 1.8 USB |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD5000LUCX 500Gb 5400rpm 16mb cache Rev Y0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 2017 Malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====9.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHW2040BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 40gig |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHY2080BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 80gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHW2120B | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS541010A9E662 type TS5SAF100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Travelstar 5K500.B-320 | <!--Model-->HTS545025B9SA02 HTS545032B9A300 HTS545040B9A300 HTS545050B9A300 250Gb 320Gb 400Gb 500Gb 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST 1TB 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung bought by Seagate late 2011 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate HD REV A (Jan 2014) | <!--Model-->ST1000LM024 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate 9.5mm * 2013 Rev A HN-M500MBB/I * 2014 Rev B HN-M500MBB/SP4 * 2015 Rev B HN-M500MBB/P4C | <!--Model-->ST500LM012 (500M) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus 5400.3 | <!--Model-->ST9160821AS | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 160gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1t | <!--Model-->ST1000LM014, ST1000LM028, ST1000LM015 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 8g nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1T | <!--Model-->ST1000LX001 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32G nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK2555GSX HDD2H24 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 250g 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK5065GSX - 500GB 5400RPM SATA 3Gb/s 8MB Cache 2.5-Inch | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MKxx59GSXP, eg Toshiba MK6459GSXP 640GB 2011 | <!--Work-->{{yes}} | <!--Tested under-->Icaros 2.2 with uses Advanced Format (AF) in 4,096 bytes per sector. Compatibility with legacy, 512 bytes through AF emulation techniques, called 512e |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2013 to 2016) | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2015 to 2020) *2013 *2014 *2015 AA50/AX0D5A *2016 AA60/AX0E1A * *2017 AGM AA01/AX002V *2018 AGS AA70/AX0G1A *2020 AA71/AX0G1A | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD050 500meg | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2013 | <!--Work-->{{Yes}} | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA | <!--Model-->MQ04ABD200 2TB 5400 RPM 128MB Cache SATA 6.0Gb/s | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD7500BPVX 2013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WESTERN DIGITAL 1TB 2.5" SATA DRIVE 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-80JC3T0 (OCT 2014) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , uses Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->WDC Western Digital Blue 1TB SATA 2.5" Hard Drive 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-08JC3T6 (Jun 2017) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD10JPCX 1Tb | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital * 2019 | <!--Model-->WD10JUCT 1TB (1000GB) 2019 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Scorpio Black * 2010 * 2014 | <!--Model-->WD5000BEKT, WD5000BPKX-22HPJT0, WD5000BPKT, | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 16m cache, 7200rpm thailand then malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Black * 2016 | <!--Model-->WD2500LPLX, WD3200LPLX, WD5000LPLX SMR: WD5000LPSX, WD10SPSX | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32m cache , 7200rpm SATA-III malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5in NON-Laptop Hard Disks === ====11mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu 160GB 250GB 300GB | <!--Model-->MHX2160BT, MHX2250BT, MHX2300BT | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->TP00640GB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====12.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====15mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 1TB IBM System X 15mm 2.5" SATA | <!--Model-->ST91000640NS 81Y9731 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->HL-DT-ST DVDRAM | <!--Model-->GSA T50L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage BD-Rom DVD Rewriter | <!--Model-->CT10N AFCK101 LGE-DMCT10A(B) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 5v 12.7mm fails early |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GT20L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009/2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Hitachi / LG | <!--Model-->GT30N GT32N GT30L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT50N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GU70N (HP/Dell), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GUD0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->GTA0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data | <!--Model-->GTC0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 12.7mm 5V 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS | <!--Model-->BU20N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-BU10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS Super Multi DVD Writer | <!--Model-->GUD1N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-GU90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2017 9.5mm 5v 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->Uj870a Uj880 UJ890 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8A0 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic MATSHITA 12.7mm SATA DVD | <!--Model-->UJ8B0 (Asus K53S), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 12.7mm 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8B1 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8C0 UJ8C1 UJ8C2 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.6a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Precision Devices Co Ltd | <!--Model-->UJ8D0, UJ8D1 KCC-REM-PPD-UJ8D1 HP 657534-TC2, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 ok lifeline, |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8E2Q | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8FB | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5a 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Blu-Ray DVD Writer Slimline | <!--Model-->UJ260 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DC-8A2SH, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A3S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A4SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DS-8A5LH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DU-8A6SH (HP) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips and LiteOn | <!--Model-->DS-8A8SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5a 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8A9SH DS8A9SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ABSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ACSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD Philips | <!--Model-->da-8aesh11b, DA-8AESH-24B | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2019 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Pioneer | <!--Model-->DVR-TD09TBG | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc SATA DVD | <!--Model-->AD-7561S, AD-7560S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7 MM |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7585H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm cleaning the laser lens inside the drive with a liquid lens cleaner. Also check the lens carrier slides freely from one extreme to the other inside the drive without sticking |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7580s, AD-7581s, AD-7583s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD7590s, AD-7591s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7700s, AD-7710h, AD-7701H, AD-7703S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7760H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7711H AD-7740H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S208B Ver BB Rev 00 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba TSSTCorp Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S083C Ver C Rev 03 /BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.5a 12.7 mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corp | <!--Model-->TS-L633 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} === [https://www.backblaze.com/cloud-storage/resources/hard-drive-test-data SATA Desktop 3.5inch Hard Disks] === Datasheets with the SMR (overlapped packing Shingled Magnetic Recording) and CMR (faster Conventional Magnetic Recording) parts <pre> WD: https://documents.westerndigital.com/content/dam/doc-library/en_us/assets/public/western-digital/product/internal-drives/wd-blue-hdd/product-brief-western-digital-wd-blue-pc-hdd.pdf Seagate: https://www.seagate.com/content/dam/seagate/migrated-assets/www-content/datasheets/pdfs/3-5-barracudaDS1900-14-2007US-en_US.pdf Toshiba: https://storage.toshiba.com/docs/support-docs/P300-SalesSheet_English_Web_r2.pdf </pre> {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Seagate Barracuda 7200.9 | ST3160812AS, ST3160212AS | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 - Capacity: 160 GB - Speed: 7200RPM - Cache: 8 MB - Interface: SATA2 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda LP Green 5400rpm | <!--Model-->ST1000DL002 1TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SkyHawk Surveillance HDD ST4000VX000 Series | <!--Model-->ST4000VX013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Baracuda Compute | <!--Model-->ST500DM009 2F110A-500 / 02PKVY / 2PKVY (500m), | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> - SATA III (6Gb/s) - Format 3.5" - 32MB Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate CMR | <!--Model-->ST1000DM010 ST500DM009 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 2TB SMR | <!--Model-->ST2000DM008 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SMR | <!--Model-->ST8000DM004 ST6000DM003 ST4000DM004 ST3000DM007 ST2000DM005 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD220 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD320 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba P300 CMR | <!--Model-->HDWD130XZSTA HDWD130UZSVA, HDWD120XZSTA HDWD120UZSVA, HDWD110XZSTA HDWD110UZSVA | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2010 | <!--Model-->WD20EARS Green 2TB 5400rpm 64mb cache | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD20EFRX WD40EFRX 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital | <!--Model-->WD4002FFWD | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD80EAAZ WD80EAZZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAZ, WD60EZAZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ, WD20EZAZ - 2TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAX - 4TB, WD60EZAX - 6TB, WD80EZAX - 8TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- |} ==PATA== === IDE Desktop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | M1624TAU | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | IBM | DHEA-38451 | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SP40A2H | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST3160215ACE | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST32122A | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD102AA | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD200 | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Laptop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHV2040AH | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Toshiba | MK2011GAP | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Compaq | CR-594-BCQ | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8322B(CP1) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8484B(AM2A) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | LTN-485 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Creative | CD220E | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Hitachi-LG | GDA-4120B | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | LG | CRD-8400B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Lite-On | LTN486S | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Mitsumi | CRMC-FX4830T | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | CDR-1700B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | DV-5800A | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | ND-2100A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | NR-7900A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Philips | DVD8631 | {{no}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Samsung | SC-148 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SCR-2030 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SM-348B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU601 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU611-25 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Toshiba | SD-M1202 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === IDE Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->H-L Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GCC-4244N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2006 |- | Hitachi-LG | GCCT10N | {{yes}} | {{Maybe|FryingPan WRITE seems to have no problem with data sections (track 1) - combos with audio sections (track 2) white screens aros eventually}} | AspireOS Xenon with 25th Jan 2014 self update kernel |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Philips | SDR089 | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L462C TS-L462D | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | 2005 Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L632H | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Sony | DW-Q58A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Sony Optiarc | AD-7540A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->Optiarc DVD RW AD-7560A IDE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7590A | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} == SCSI == {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} NVMe accepts up to 64,000 queues with up to 64,000 commands each. ktg171badz78rlzi00b2d9laatccpnq 4634503 4634502 2026-05-06T19:16:12Z Jeff1138 301139 4634503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ArosNav}} ==Introduction== AROS supports hard disks and optical drives attached to several interfaces: * [[#NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)]] on the pci-e bus * [[#SATA]] aka Serial ATA or AHCI (IDE compatibility mode used in most cases) * IDE (also known as ATA, [[#PATA]] or Parallel ATA) * USB * SCSI limited ==PCI-e== ===NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)=== *Controller and firmware *DRAM better having if heavy workloads but not necessary for gaming *Cache like SLC HMB techniques *NAND (Main storage area with MLC, TLC or QLC versions of varying life expectancy) SSDs, USB flash drive, SD and Micro SD Cards have a limited amount of write cycles, therefore guaranteed to fail randomly and suddenly at any time. All SSDs are prone to corrupt firmware due to poor quality NAND where both the data and the firmware resides. The drive tends to go read only when too many errors occur before complete failure. That is up to 10 years for things like memory cards and USB sticks. In general, unless there is a firmware design issue, cheap materials used, stress like bending or overheating causing cold solder joints, an SSD can last a long time if minimal writing activity takes place but eventually if flash isn't written to, it degrades. Catch 22. Dram and cache are not the same thing. Dram stores the ssds indexes and metadata for faster data retrieval and wear leveling. The cache keeps part of the nand memory as SLC storage which can be written to faster. Basically all ssds will have a dynamic SLC cache where it will decrease as the drive fills up. Cache controller designs that are DRAM less use the internal SRAM cache in the controller to cache the NAND mapping table. It just requires a different mapping table design since SRAM caches are much smaller than DRAM. Ultimately the mapping table is still stored in NAND. General rule of thumb: the cheaper an SSD, the higher the likelihood it uses lower quality flash chips so sudden failing NAND, problematic controller chips (e.g. SandForce), outsourced firmware. Generic brand like old SP, Corsair or Crucial may be recoverable whilst major brands Samsung, Intel and Western Digital are impossible due to firmware encryption and customizations. Recommend sticking with older Silicon Motion or Phison controllers if possible. A ssd isn't good because it has dram or bad because it doesn't. Other things should be taken into account like sustained writes so check the TPU write intensive usage See [https://www.techpowerup.com/ssd-specs/ here] for more information {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="15%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="30%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 to - SM2259XT2 SM2263XT MAS0902 MAP1202 YS9082HP RM1135 RTS5765 PS3111 |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed OEMs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 to date - Realtek RTS5765/66 controller + Micron 96L (B27A) |- | <!--Brand-->Acer Predator GM7 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Acer drives built by Biwin, that also supplies HP, Maxio MAP1602A no DRAM so HMB, YMTC 128L TLC, |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 NVME IM2P33F8, IM2S3168 SSD | <!--Model-->IM2P33F8-512GD | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - industrial 12L 3D TLC NAND flash Supports LDPC ECC, RAID Engine, and SLC Cache End-to-End (E2E) Data Path Protection with Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. DRAMless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG SX8200 Pro M.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ASX8200PNP1TTC | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 NVM Express 1.3 SN2262G later SN2262EN chipset - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 256GB GEN4 x4 NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->SM2P41C3-256GC2 DP/N 0KM1Y6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 consumer |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG GAMMIX S50 Lite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Silicon Motion SM2267XT dramless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG ATOM 50 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Innogrit RainierQX IG5220 |- | <!--Brand-->Adata Legend 710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Legend 900 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Innogrit IG5216 controller, no DRAM so HMB which appears to be the standard - |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin NV7200 PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SM2263XT |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin NV7400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force LE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force Series MP500 MP510 M.2 NVMe PCIe Gen 3 x4 SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 PS5012-E12-27 from Phison, 64-layer TLC Toshiba BiCS flash, may have dram cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 96L QLC - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Elite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E16 and Bics DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Pro XT, PRO LPX, PRO NH PCIe4 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP600ECS Elite, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 DRAMless SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, BiCS6 162L QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Core XT | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison and Bics QLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP700 Pro PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP700PNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P1 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 QLC NAND but a controller with a DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P2 M.2 2280 Gen3 x4 NVM-express | <!--Model-->CT1000P2SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 dram-less Phison PS5013-E13-31 on 96-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 Plus M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->CT1000P3PSSD8 CT2000P3PSSD801 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with Host Memory Buffer HMB tech to use a small bit of system RAM as DRAM cache and Micron 176-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 M.2 nvme SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P3SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron QLC (N48R) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 m.2 nvme PCIe 4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 runs hot - Crucial NVMe with DRAM LPDDR4 and Micron 96L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 some have DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T500 Gen4.0 nvme 2.0 | <!--Model-->CT1000T500SSD8, CT2000T500SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison PS5025-E25 with micron B58R 232-layer 3D TLC NAND and Micron LPDDR4 DRAM cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T700 Gen5 SSD | <!--Model-->CT1000T700SSD3, CT2000T700SSD3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, Micron 232-layer NAND with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P310 M.2 2280 NVMe PCIe Gen4 SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P310SSD801 (2Tb), | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 DRAM-less Phison E27T Micron 232-layer NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T705 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 dramless Phison SSD controller |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 SMI SM2508 SSD controller dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN605 PCIe Gen3 x4 interface, NVMe 1.3 support | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN660 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN760 PCIe Gen4 x4 M.2 NVMe 1.4 interface | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 gets hot |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN870 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 no dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN855 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S500 pro PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 MaxioTech MAP1202A-F1C with YMTC 128L and pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S660 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S880/R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S770 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX550 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN501 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->FIKWOT FN950 FN955 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 MAP1602 (at 1600 MT/s) flash YMTC TLC no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX991 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->FW-FX991-2TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN960 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN970 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Geil ZEN ITH m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->S3-240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus Gen4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash - DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus 10000 PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->HP EX950 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HP FX900 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dram less |- | <!--Brand-->HP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M2 Series NVME M.2 2280 PCIe Gen 3x4 | <!--Model-->INSSD500GM280NM2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Professional TLC E12S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E18 |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Gaming performance Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash |- | <!--Brand-->Inland TD510 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM DDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->intel SSD Pro 7600p Series M.2 80mm 2280 PCIe 3.0 x4, 3D TLC | <!--Model-->SSDPEKKF512GB, SSDPEKKF256G8L, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel 660p m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ssdpeknw010tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 SMI SM2263 controller with 1GB DRAM cache and 1TB of Intel QLC NAND similar to crucial P1 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] 670p | <!--Model-->SSDPEKNU010TZ | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 256 MB DDR3L cache and 12-140 GB SLC-Cache QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Intel P4511 m.2 nvme PCIe3.1 x4 22110 110mm | <!--Model-->SSDPELKX020T8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 very long |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A1000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA1000M8/480G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A2000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA2000M8/250G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston KC3000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] PS5018-E18 PCIe 4.0 x4 NVMe controller and Micron’s 176L TLC NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV1 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model-->SNV1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 entry-level consumer DRAMless Phison E13T or Silicon Motion 4-channel SM2263XT - one brand TLC up to 1Tb and QLC after - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV2 | <!--Model-->SNV2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 entry-level, first SMI SM2267XT or Phison E19T and later SMI SM2269XT or Phison E21T with various flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston FURY Renegade m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] Phison E18 controller, Micron 176L nand and ddr4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV3 | <!--Model-->SNV3S/500G, SNV3S/1000G, SNV3S/2000G, SNV3S/4000G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 entry-level, SMI SM2268XT2 or Phison E27T controller with BiCS6 TLC or QLC flash - dramless so hmb - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG4? M2 2280 NVMe PCIe SSD | <!--Model-->THNSF5512GPUK, THNSN51T02DUK, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 Phison has done custom controller work for Kioxia, and Kioxia has also worked with SMI and InnoGrit (the latter more recently). Kioxia label their controllers as their own but these are largely rebadged. |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG5 for Data Centres | <!--Model-->KXG5 KXG50ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 nanya ddr3 dram? with 64-layer BiCS 3D flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG6 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->KXG60ZNV512G, KXG60ZNV1T02, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 TC58NCP090GSD with DRAM NANYA LPDDR3 and Toshiba BiCS FLASH 96-layer 3D TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> *KBG40ZNS128G, KBG40ZNS256G, KBG40ZNS512G, KBG40ZNS1T02 *KBG40ZNT256G, *KBG40ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - no dram but NVMe's Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. portion of the system's RAM for caching - Toshiba's 96-Layer BiCS FLASH - seems Windows UASP driver and the JMS583 chipset interacts badly with the Kioxia BG4 - early firmware upgrade to prevent overheating hot - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG7 | <!--Model-->KXG70ZNV1T0G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 - might need firmware update on early 2tb 4tb versions - controller with sk hynix dram and tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G2 SSD series PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5012-E12S-32 aka TC58NC1201GST 4-channel controller along with KIOXIA proprietary 96-layer 3D TLC and "MG2h" version has BiCS4.5 which is faster than launch BiCS4 - - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG8 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 TC58NC0L1XGSD with DRAM LPDDR4 and 112-Layer Kioxia BiCS5 TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG5 | <!--Model-->KGB50ZNV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 HMB buffer |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G3 SSD series PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 has hmb, like most dram-less nvmes KIOXIA |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar 1TB SSD M.2 NVME 1.4 Gen3x4 M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->NM610Pro | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM620 *IG5216 (worse?) not great original 96L *MAP1202 YMTC up to 232L, or 176L Micron, TLC for the 1TB | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 a few versions all DRAM-less, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM790 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Maxio MAP1602 no DRAM so HMB with 232-Layer YMTC TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->EQ790 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Maxio MAP1602, no DRAM so HMB, Flash Memory 232-Layer YMTC TLC, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Liteon M.2 NVME 512GB SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->CAZ-51282512-Q11 DP/N 0K64PG | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2200S m.2 nvme 2200 series | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TCK, MTFDHBA512TCK | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 for a time, Micron controller with 64L TLC 3D Nand [https://www.dell.com/support/home/en-uk/drivers/driversdetails?driverid=3jg3g BSOD occurred as CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED] before self applied firmware [https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/downloads/ds119265-nvme-solid-state-drive-firmware-update-utility-for-windows-10-64-bit-thinkpad apparently it is related to the power management that disconnects the Micron SSD] |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2300 m.2 nvme Gen 3 x4 | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TDV P/N M02626-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 3400 M.2 NVME SSD Gen4 | <!--Model-->MTFDKBA512TFH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no cache |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2450 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 E19T |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2600 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison's PS5029-E29T SSD controller with Micron 276-layer G9 QLC NAND in a DRAMless - Adaptive Write Technology (AWT) using various NAND modes (SLC, TLC, and QLC) as a dynamic cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium S270 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium M450 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV2000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico J10 J-10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico D10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico e3500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico O7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P300 m.2 nvme pcie 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot Viper VP4300 Lite M.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2230 Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2140 CS2342 Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk 1T 2280 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 no dram, Memory QLC Intel 144 layer. Chip Realtek |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket Nano 2242 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-2130-512, SB-2280-1TB, SB-Rocket-NVME4-HTSK-2TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 PLUS m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-RKT4P-1TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E1? controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Phison E25 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM951 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZVLV1T | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 950 PRO PM961 M.2 2280 NVMe 1.3 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *MZ-VKW5120 *MZ-VLW2560 MZVLW256HEHP-000L7, MZ-VLW5120, MZ-SLW1T00 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - possibly 512M LPDDR3 Samsung K4E4E324EE-ECCF cache - Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) unit with Samsung 48-layer TLC V-NAND V3 flash Samsung K90MGY8S7M-CCK0 - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 960 Pro SM961 M.2 PCi-e NVMe SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-V6P1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) controller Samsung 48-layer multi-level cell (MLC) V-NAND, pseudo-SLC cache or LPDDR3-1866 Samsung K4E8E304EE-EGCF |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *Rev 0 MZ-VLB256A, MZ-VLB512A, MZ-VLB1T0A, *Rev 0 MZ-VLB2560, MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HAJQ, MZ-VLB1T00, *Rev ? MZ-VLB256B, MZ-VLB512B, MZ-VLB1T0B, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache hybrid SLC Samsung’s TurboWrite - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981a 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HBJQ-000L7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991 NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ2560 MZVLQ256HBJD-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991a NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ256B MZVLQ256HBJD-00BH1, MZ-9LQ256C, MZ-VLQ512B MZVLQ512HBLU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 970 EVO Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Samsung Phoenix on Samsung LPDDR4 dram and 2 Samsung 9x-layer V-NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 EVO Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V8P1T0BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 originally made in Korea ([https://semiconductor.samsung.com/consumer-storage/support/tools/ 2tb firmware issues] with versions starting with 3) and year later Vietnam - DRAM |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9E2T0BW, MZ-V9E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo no DRAM so HMB Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) and Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) - |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM9A1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VL25120 MZVL2512HCJQ, MZVL21T00 MZVL21T0HCLR-00BL2, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 might be OEM variant of the 980 Pro |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM9B1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model--> *2023 MZ9L4256HCJQ-00BD1 MZ-9L4256A, , *2025 MZ-VL42560, MZ-VL45120, MZ-VL421T, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SSD controller is Marvell 88SS1322 Whistler Plus, no DRAM cache and Samsung 128-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO Plus m.2 nvme2.0 | <!--Model-->MZ-V9S2T0BW, MZ-V9S1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo with no DRAM so HMB and Samsung 236-Layer (V8) TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9P2T0BW, MZ-V9P1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 2tb early firmware issue - Samsung Pascal with DRAM LPDDR4 and 176-Layer V-NAND TLC - has had firmware design issues, causing premature failure - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 9100 PRO PCIe Gen5 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 510 G3 x4 nvme | <!--Model--> *ZP1000GM30001, *ZP500GM30021 P/N 2NT308-300, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad early batch - Phison E12 STXYP0160031 on SK Hynix DRAM DDR4 with Kioxia BiCS3 64L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda Q5 | <!--Model-->ZP500CV30001,ZP250CV30001,ZP1000CV30001 P/N 2ZK307-881,ZP2000CV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 PS5013-E13-31 from Phison, no DRAM cache and QLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 515 | <!--Model-->ZP500GV30001,ZP250GV30001,ZP1000GV30001,ZP2000GV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 no dram and qlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate FireCuda 520 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 ×4 NVMe 1.4 | <!--Model-->ZP2000GM30002, ZP1000GM30002, ZP500GM30002 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 520N m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP2000GV3A012, ZP1000GV3A012 and ZP500GV3A012 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP500GM3A013, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5018-E18 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 176L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model-->ZP1000CV3A002, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 540 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD85 m.2 nvme PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 [http://vlo.name:3000/ssdtool/ firmware tools] |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD90 PCIe 4.0 nvme | <!--Model-->SP250GBP44UD9005, SP500GBP44UD9005, SP01KGBP44UD9005, SP02KGBP44UD9005, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron TLC (B47R) but later no name QLC nand instead - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A60 A80 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 various originally an E12 drive with 64L Toshiba NAND, then had variations with E12S and SM2262EN as well as random 64L/96L, now it comes with a MAP1001A controller by Maxio and some YMTC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power US75 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC501 M.2 m.2 NVMe PCIe Gen3 SSD | <!--Model--> *Rev0 HFM256GDHTNG-8510B SSS0L24764, HFM256GDJTNG-8310A, *Rev1 HFM256GDHTNG-8310A SSS0Q68673, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC511 512GB NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->HFM256GDJTNI-82A0A HFM512GDGTNI-82A0A D P/N 0TG8T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix BC711 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model-->HFM001TD3JX013N, HFM512GD3JX013N, HFM256GD3JX013N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 okay but no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix PC711 m.2 2280 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> *HFS001TDE9X073N, HFS512GDE9X073N, HFS256GDE9X073N *HFS001TDE9X080N, HFS512GDE9X080N, HFS256GDE9X081N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC210 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC601 PCIe 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - Cepheus Plus YCN34PTA0FR Controller and 48L TLC Flash, pseudo-SLC cache and LPDDR4-3733 SK Hynix H9HCNNN8KUMLHR-NME dram - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC401 3rd gen PCIe | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Gold P31 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 SK hynix’s proprietary Cepheus controller |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix SK500 Gen 4 (x4) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Platinum P41 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Aries SSD controller with 176-Layer TLC flash - SK hynix LPDDR4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix PC801 PCIe Gen4 x4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->HFS001TEJ9X101N, HFS512GEJ9X101N, HFS256GEJ9X101N, HFS002TEJ9X101N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC901 m.2 nvme PCIe Gen4 2230 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Silicon Motion SM2269XT with no DRAM so HMB buffer cache - SK Hynix 176-layer TLC NAND flash 1TB only - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team | <!--Model-->TM8PS7512G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup MP34 | <!--Model-->MP34 256GB, MP34 512GB, MP34 1TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 good Phison E12 with DRAM NANYA DDR3L and Toshiba BiCS 3 64L TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea A440 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison PS5018-E18 NVMe 1.4 controller and Micron’s 96L TLC with SK hynix 8Gb DDR4 chips but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group TForce Cardea A440 Lite PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 dram-less E27T controller and 162L TLC but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team Z44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team MP44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E21T no DRAM so HMB with 176-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Team MP33Q | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - dramless maxio MAP1202 with TLC (MP33) or QLC (MP33Q) - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group QX GE Pro m.2 nvme PCIe5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 innogit IG5666 with QLC 3D 232L nand with DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force G70 Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 InnoGrit IG5236 (Rainier) with DRAM and NAND YMTC TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea Z540 m.2 nvme PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison E26 controller and 232L TLC and DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE110S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS128GMTE110S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE220S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS2TMTE220S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2230 TS256GMTE300S TS512GMTE300S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND, 1G and 2G get hot |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE400S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 mlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Union Memory (Shenzhen) AM6672 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM6A0 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Verbatim V15000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN720 M.2 2280 NVME PCIE for Data Centers | <!--Model-->SDAQNTW-512G-1001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2021 |- | <!--Brand-->WDC SN520 2230 Gen3 x2 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital ix sn530 M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 industrial sandisk controller and firmware, as well as 96-layer 3D TLC NAND memory that can work in TLC or SLC mode - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN730 Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 M.2 NVME | <!--Model-->SDBPNTY-1T00, SDBPNTY-512G-1012, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 to 2021 DRAM Cache DDR4-2666 CL18 Micron MT40A512M16LY-075:E (D9WFH) with Controller WD 20-82-00705-A2 Triton MP28 and NAND Flash Toshiba BiCS4 60082 512G (Rebranded by SanDisk) TLC 96-layer |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN750 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 64-layer 3D stacked NAND with 3 bits per cell TLC (Triple Level Cell) with 256MB of skhynix DRAM cache for every 250GB |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN850 m.2 nvme Gen4 PHY | <!--Model-->WDS100T1X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Sandisk G2 controller with Micron DDR4 cache - new nCache 4.0 slc cache total dynamic capacity spans one-third (300GB on 1TB) with a small static SLC cache (12GB on 1TB) from the Kioxia BiCS4 96L TLC 96-layer NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN550 Blue M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - various controllers and NANDs |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SN810 NVMe SSD 2280 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 slc cache - laptop oem only no retail version - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN850X | <!--Model-->WDS100T2X0E, WDS200T2X0E, WDS400T2X0E, WDS800T2X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 issues with early ssd firmware and AMD Zen 3 X570 and X670E chipsets - Sandisk A101000291-82 controller with 112-layer TLC and DDR4 DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN570 single-sided M.2 2280 (80mm) PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless - WD/SanDisk SSD controller with BiCS 5 3D NAND TLC 112-layer NAND flash memory - |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Black SN770 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->WDS100T3X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless cache with TLC |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green SN350 m.2 NVMe SSD | <!--Model-->WDS100T3G0C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 DRAM-less cache with SanDisk controller and QLC (quad-level cell) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->WD_BLACK SN750 SE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Phison E19T, dramless |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN740 M.2 (2230) PCIe 4.0 x4 2280 | <!--Model-->SDDQTQD-1T00, SDDPNQD-, SDDPNQD-256G-2006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless with SSD controller WD Sandisk 20-82-10081-A1 Polaris MP16+ with Toshiba BiCS5 112-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN580 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless SanDisk controller with (HMB) and 112-Layer Kioxia TLC (BiCS5) |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN8100 / Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 8100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX 5100 7100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 850X | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Zhitai (Yangtze Memory) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === Mini SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin PCIe 4×2 NVMe 1.3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 GPDwin5 and Oneplayer Superx hybrid - 3D TLC - LGA packaging - V1 slide tray mechanism - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- |} ==SATA== Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI), a programming interface for SATA host controllers. Platforms supporting AHCI may take advantage of performance features such as no master/slave designation for SATA devices — each device is treated as a master — and hardware-assisted native command queuing. AHCI may but not often also provides usability enhancements such as Hot-Plug (Desktop and Mobile Only). AHCI requires appropriate software support (e.g., an AHCI driver) AHCI, the underlying protocol for SATA, only supports one queue with 32 commands. The issue with AHCI is that it's going to take a pile of test hardware just to figure out all the different bugs in all the motherboard chipsets and add-on PCI cards that 'kinda' implement AHCI. Not to mention Silicon Image, which took a very different approach from Intel's AHCI in their SATA controllers. === SATA 7mm 2.5inch SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 240GB Ultimate SU630 2.5" | <!--Model-->ASU630SS-240GQ-R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su650 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU650SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su800 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU800 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI SM2258 controller with Micron 3D TLC NAND but low performance when data fills the SLC cache - slow write speed - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su680 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU680SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS340 Panther | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS350 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M225 SSD 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2009 sata2 3gbp/s |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial C300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 sata3 6gbps - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2011 Marvell 88SS9174-BKK2 processor, 25nm MLC NAND flash and 128MB dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M500 120Gb to 960Gb | <!--Model-->CT250M500SSD1, CT500M500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M550 120G to 1T | <!--Model-->CT250M550SSD1, CT500M550SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX100 | <!--Model-->CT500BX100SSD1, CT1000BX100SSD1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - no dram - Silicon Motion SM2246EN and ATA version ACS-2 - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache Micron controller and nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial MX200 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX300 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dramless cache - Micron ex Tidal controller and TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) bx500 2.5inch | <!--Model-->CT240BX500SSD1, CT480BX500SSD1, CT960BX500SSD1, CT1000BX500SSD1, CT2000BX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SM2258XT 4channel later SM2259XT paired with Micron’s latest 64-Layer 3D TLC flash but dramless SLC cache (part of the tlc flash) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX500 | <!--Model-->CT250MX500SSD1, CT500MX500SSD1, CT1000MX500SSD1, CT2000MX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - dram cache from 256M to 2G - discontinued end of 2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no dram cache, Hynix memory 3dv7-176l 176 layer QLC (one chip), either raymx rm1135, SM2259XT controller or Realtek rts5735dlq |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang ranxiana S102 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101Q 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX815 Standard 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FS810 Ultra 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertec FirestormLite 2.5inch | <!--Model-->S240GHS3-M or SDSSD240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertech | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral V2 Plus 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 520 Series 2.5 inch SATA 6Gb/s 2.5" SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SSDSC2CW240A3, SSDSC2CW480A3, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 LSI SandForce SF2281, Flash Memory Intel Synchronous 25nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro Series 1500 | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BF180A4L SSD0E38417, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel S3610 Series 2.5" 400GB 6GBPS SATA SSD | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BX400G4R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 data center |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD Pro 5400s 512 GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF512H6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3510 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDS2BB400G6, SSDSC2BB480G6R, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3520 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BB800G7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3710 Series 800GB 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BA800G4P, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 server |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 545S Series 256GB 512GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KW256G8X1, SSDSC2KW512G8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] SSD DC S4500 240GB 2.5inch - HP Enterprise | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KB240G7P | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingspec P3-512 P3-1T0 P3-2TO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston SSDNow 300 | <!--Model-->SV300S37A/240G, SV300S37A/120G, SV300S37A/60G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dramless - lsi sandforce SF2281 or JMicron JMF662 controller with Toshiba MLC or Intel MLC |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 120G to 960Gb 2.5inch | <!--Model-->SA400S37/240G SBFK61K1, SA400S37/480G, SA400S37/960G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 half case sized ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - t6 security torx into metal case - dram less - poor write speeds - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia formerly Toshiba HG6 2.5in | <!--Model--> *9.5mm THNSNJ512GBSU, THNSNJ256GBSU, THNSNJ128GBSU *7mm THNSNJ512GCSU THNSNJ512GCSY, THNSNJ256GCSU THNSNJ256GCSY, THNSNJ128GCSU THNSNJ128GCSY | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NS100 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->LNS100-1TRB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - Marvell 88NV1120 Artemis, a DRAM cache is not available and pseudo-SLC. Micron 64-layer TLC NAND flash 4 chips @ 512 Gbit TS7512G181 (Rebranded by Lexar) (256G) - 4 nand flash chips Lexar/TST22T181/ B1924 and one controller: Lexar DM918/NOD43 1907 (512G) - |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NQ100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - DM928 controller which operates without a DRAM buffer. Two 128GB Micron NAND flash chips |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LiteOn | <!--Model-->LCS-128L9S-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 no dram - sata2 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Matrix 256Gb 512GB SATA 2.5in SSD | <!--Model-->MIS512GSDS, MIS256GSDS | <!--Work MSDos-->UP TO 550MB/S | <!--Work GPT-->UP TO 500MB/S | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1100 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TBN-1AR1ZA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1300 2TB 1300 2.5" | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TDL-1AW1ZABHA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 - old sdd - TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Micron RealSSD C400 2.5inch | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK256MAM-1K12 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Mushkin Reactor | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC flash |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac SA500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y-20 Y20 2.5 inch sata SHENZHEN ORICO TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Orico S500-Pro s500pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Origin Storage Inception TLC830 Pro Series 2.5in SATA III SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D tlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P210 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> qlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P220 | <!--Model-->P220S2TB25 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Plextor M6V | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS900 2.5 in sata SSD | <!--Model-->SSD7CS900-480-PB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2311, CS3030 and Pro Elite SSDs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung SM PM | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->PM871a or PM871b? SM/PM = 2-bit or 3-bit MLC. PM = 3-bit MLC = TLC. 8 = generation = 8xx, 7 = model = 850 EVO (in this case), 1 = usage (e.g. 3 = datacenter). a/b = revision or type of flash, the 850 EVO had multiple revisions including at least three types of flash (32L, 48L, 64L) so a = 32/48L, b = 64L. At lower capacities it might use different flash, for example the 256GB SM951 utilizies 2D/planar while the higher capacities use 3D. OEM drives tend to have different, optimized firmware, so performance will not be the same |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE120 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 2.5in sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE5120 P/N MZ7TE512HMHP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-75E120, MZ-75E500 (P/N MZ7LN500) to MZ-75E4T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 Samsung MGX controller (S4LN062X01) up to 500GB capacities whilst Samsung MEX controller (3-core) beyond - Samsung TLC 3D V‐NAND 48 and later 64 layers and possibility of 256MB, 512MB or 1GB LPDDR2-1066 DRAM chip - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 PRO | <!--Model-->MZ-7KE1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN512A P/N MZ7LN512HMJP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM883 1.92TB | <!--Model-->MZ-7LH1T90 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) - 1gb LPDDR4-1866 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76E1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 QVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76Q1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 QVO 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN56F, MZ-77E1T0 P/N MZ7L31TOHBLB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 beware of bad batch early death - uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871b | <!--Model-->MZ7LN256HCHP-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra 3D/Extreme Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 SandForce SF-2281 dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDHP-256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell SS889175 processor with SanDisk's 19nm NAND and 128MB Samsung DDR2 DRAM chip |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Marvell 88SS9188 Marvell 88SS9187 with SanDisk 64Gbit 19nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDA-240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 pseudo SLC cache dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z400s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - Silicon Motion SM2246XT DRAM-less - budget end of market - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 4 NAND packages and marvell controller 88ss1074 on blue pcb - 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate BarraCuda Q1 SSD | <!--Model-->ZA240CV10001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 dramless A55 started with the Phison S10 but later the S11 i.e. Phison PS3111-S11-13 controller and 96-layer TLC NAND flash memory with a pseudo-SLC cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power Ace A55 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->sk hynix | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 sandforce controller - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SH910A | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Link_A_Media (LAMD) controller with eight 256Gbit H27QEGDVEBLR NAND 20nm hynix MLC - SK hynix H5PS1G83JFA DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->HFS256G32MND-3210A, HFS256G32MND-3312A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - red strip around edges - 8-channel controller SK hynix LM87810AA-A0 with DDR2 buffer chip and four pieces of 16nm hynix MLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SL300 series 2.5in SSD *3110A SL301STD *3210A *3300A *3310A | <!--Model-->HFS500G32TND, HFS256G32TNE, HFS128G32TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC - consumer line red in corners - SK hynix LM878100AA (HFS256G32MND-3312A) later SH87820BB and NAND 16nm hynix TLC - 256mb dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SC3 series 2.5in SSD *N1A0A , , *N1A1A *N1A2A SC308STD, *N2A0A , , SC311STD | <!--Model-->HFS512G32TNF-N2A0A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - red in corners - no dram and no SLC cache - Hynix ex Link_A_Media Devices (LAMD) SH87820BB 2c but poor mixed workload ability MLC - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team EX2 GX2 Elite QX | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP AX2 2.5 Inch SATA III Solid State Drive SSD | <!--Model-->T253A3512G0C101, T253A3001T0C101, T253A3002T0C101, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 3D NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup TF Vulcan Z 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dramless smi2259xt 128L tlc nand - |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup T-Force Vulcan ZQLC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram-less smi2259xt qlc 144L nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Topesel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend 220S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS120GSSD220S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 3D TLC without dram |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend SSD230S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS256GSSD230S TS512GSSD230S TS1TSSD230S TS2TSSD230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Viathan | <!--Model-->S001T3V | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red SA500 NAS | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 250Gb to 4Tb | <!--Model-->WDS400T3B0A WDS200T3B0A WDS100T3B0A WDS500G3B0A WDS250G3B0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SSD 2.5" | <!--Model-->WDS240G1G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green 200Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T2G0A WDS100T3G0A WDS480G2G0A WDS240G2G0A WDS120G2G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - cheap and slow ssd - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SA530 | <!--Model-->SDASB8Y-256G SD9SB8W, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.xray-disk.com xraydisk] 2.5 inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> from the manufacturer only - Phsion/SMI(2258XT)/Realtek/Yeestor |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Xum | <!--Model-->hx256gssdsata3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y3000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCie 3.0 |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y7000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCIe 4.0 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === SATA M.2 (M and B key) === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 2280 Sata | <!--Model-->AXNS381E-128GM-B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S201 m.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->S201 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN203 m.2 sata (oldtan, twipps, teexin aka Shenzhen Pingfan "Ordinary" Road Technology Co., Ltd) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 lifespan not long Maxio MAP + YMTC 128L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Foresee (Shenzhen Longsys) | <!--Model-->YSM80CD-128G YSDE128G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 88nv1120-bt22 T3WU030 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 2242 120G | <!--Model-->INSSD120GM242 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->INSSD256GM.26M2280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 256GB/512GB/1TB/2TB | <!--Model-->INSSD1TM280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 netac rebrand - no dram cache - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro ‎545S 2280 | <!--Model-->SSDSCKKF256G8H | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> no dram, TLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intenso M.2 internalSSD SATA III 1 TB | <!--Model-->Top | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 m.2 | <!--Model-->SA400M8/240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 entry level ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model-->RBU-SNS8350DES3128GP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston V300 | <!--Model-->SV300S3505AG | <!--Work MSDos-->{{yes}} | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Nightly Build 2014-09-18 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON SATA 128GB | <!--Model-->CV3-8D128-11 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON | <!--Model-->CV1-8B256-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lite-On | <!--Model-->L8H-256V2G-HP L8H-128V2G-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 2016 nanya nt5c864m16fp-dh |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LSI | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 SF37000 controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model-->M550 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron M600 enterprise m.2 sata up to 512GB | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256MBF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller, DRAM chip 256MB 533MHz LPDDR2, NAND for the 256GB drive MT29F1T08CQCCBG2-10:C 16nm MLC NAND each 128GB package |- | <!--Brand-->MICRON 1100 M.2 SATA 6Gb/s 2280 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256TBN HP P/N 903109-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y20M-2242 | <!--Model-->Y20M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM841 M.2 sata3 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-NTD2560/0L9 MZNTD256HAGL-000L9 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung CM871 Rev 0 | <!--Model-->MZNLF128HCHP-000H1 MZ-NLF1280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a m.2 Sata | <!--Model-->MZNLN256HMHQ, NLN512A P/N MZNLN512HMJP-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM871b | <!--Model-->MZNLN128HAHQ-000H1, MZNLN256HAJQ MZ-NLN256F MZ-NLN256C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM881 | <!--Model-->MZ-NLH1280 MZNLH128HBHQ-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X300 M.2 sata 2280 80mm SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD7SN6S-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk X400 SSD M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->SD8SN8U-128G-1006, SD8SN8U-256G-1006, SD8SN8U-512-1006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 SSD controller Marvell 88SS1074 four channel supports variety of NAND and up to 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X600 M.2 SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD9SN8W-128G-1006 SD9TN8W-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SANDISK X110 DELL 6T4HK M.2 2260 | <!--Model-->SD6SP1M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->SC308M280S HFS128G39TND | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 SH87820BB controller - No dram buffer - multi-level cell (MLC) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC311 HFS256G39TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC401 HFS256G39TNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->A55 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP Team MS30 SSD M.2 Sata 2280 | <!--Model-->TM8PS7001T0C101 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba RC100 (retail version of BG3) | <!--Model-->KBG30ZMV256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba HG6 m.2 | <!--Model-->THNSNJ512GDNU THNSNJ512G8NY, THNSNJ256GDNU THNSNJ256G8NY, THNSNJ128GDNU THNSNJ128G8NY, THNSNJ256GVNU THNSNJ128GVNU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA SSD M.2 2280 256GB | <!--Model-->KSG50ZMV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 | <!--Model-->KSG60ZMG256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->400 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS32GMTS400S TS64GMTS400S TS128GMTS400S | <!--Model-->400S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> DDR3 dram cache and mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->M.2 SSD 600 (2260), M.2 SSD 800S (2280) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS120GMTS420S TS240GMTS420S TS480GMTS420S | <!--Model-->420S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> can run hot slc cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS256GMTS430S TS512GMTS430S | <!--Model-->430S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache - 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS120GMTS820S TS240GMTS820S TS960GMTS820S | <!--Model-->820S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS256GMTS830S TS512GMTS830S TS1TMTS830S TS4TMTS830S | <!--Model-->830S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 120GB to 480Gb | <!--Model-->WDS480G2G0B WDS240G2G0B WDS120G2G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 made in malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 240Gb to | <!--Model-->WDS240G3G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 made in |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 M.2 SATA 250Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T3B0B WDS100T3B0B WDS500G3B0B WDS250G3B0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red 500GB 1TB 2TB | <!--Model-->SA500 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM610 m.2 sata | <!--Model-->SSS0R27339, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === mSATA SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fangxiang S301 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingchuxing | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model-->INSSD256GMSA MO-300 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc 3d nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron enterprise | <!--Model-->M600 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico ZH-10 ZH10 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO 1.8in | <!--Model-->MZ-M5E120BW, MZ-M5E250BW, MZ-M5E500BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 1.8" msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MTE256D P/N MZ-MTMTE256HMHP, MZ-MTE1T00, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MM6E250BW, MZ-M6E500BW, MZ-M6E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA370S | <!--Model-->MSA370S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA230S | <!--Model-->230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5inch Laptop Hard Disks === ====7mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP628230-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP552605-01 250Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP693440-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z5K320 Z5K500-500 Z5K100 series * 2013 HTS545050A7E380 HTS * 2015 HTS545050A7E680 HTS | <!--Model-->HTS 320GB 500Gb 1Tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z7K320 Z7K500 series | <!--Model-->HTS725050A7E630 320Gb HTS725050A7E635 500Gb 7200rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> avoid if it does not have the DCM code |- | <!--Brand-->HGST 1T 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HTS541010B7E610 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 128m cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus Thin | <!--Model-->ST500LT012 ST320LT012. ST250LT012 500Gb 320gb 250gb 2014 5.4K rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Thin SSHD 5400RPM Sata 2.5" | <!--Model-->ST500LM000 500GB, ST500LM001, ST500LM020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 up to 64M cache and with 8GB NAND Flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate MomentusThin-B Video 2.5 HDD * 2014 * 2015 * 2016 * 2017 | <!--Model-->ST500VT000 500GB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE Baracuda 2.5 5400 | <!--Model-->ST2000LM015 (2Gb), ST1000LM049 (1Tb), ST500LM030 (500Gb) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda Pro | <!--Model-->ST1000LM048 ST1000LM035 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> up to 128MB cache |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE FireCuda Compute 2.5 | <!--Model-->ST500LX025 ST1000LX015 ST2000LX001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 8GB NAND Commercial Multilevel Cell (cMLC), 128MB buffer and 5400-RPM spindle speed up to 140 MB/s |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 2.5in | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2018 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA MQ01ACF | <!--Model-->MQ01ACF050 500GB 7200rpm 2020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->western digital wd blue 500G 8meg cache 5400rpm * 2014 Rev T0 * 2015 Rev T1 | <!--Model-->wd5000lpvx | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012-2015 sequential 2MB block transfers 110 MB/s reading and writing - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2.5" WD Blue Slim | <!--Model-->WD10SPCX 1TB Nov 2016 | <!--Work MSDos-->{{Yes|hdd under partition table msdos/pc, boots on bios machines, will not on uefi machine}} | <!--Work GPT-->{{Unk|untested hdd under gpt partition protocol scheme, not booting on uefi}} | <!--Tested under-->AROS One 1.8 USB |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD5000LUCX 500Gb 5400rpm 16mb cache Rev Y0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 2017 Malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====9.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHW2040BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 40gig |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHY2080BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 80gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHW2120B | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS541010A9E662 type TS5SAF100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Travelstar 5K500.B-320 | <!--Model-->HTS545025B9SA02 HTS545032B9A300 HTS545040B9A300 HTS545050B9A300 250Gb 320Gb 400Gb 500Gb 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST 1TB 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung bought by Seagate late 2011 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate HD REV A (Jan 2014) | <!--Model-->ST1000LM024 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate 9.5mm * 2013 Rev A HN-M500MBB/I * 2014 Rev B HN-M500MBB/SP4 * 2015 Rev B HN-M500MBB/P4C | <!--Model-->ST500LM012 (500M) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus 5400.3 | <!--Model-->ST9160821AS | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 160gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1t | <!--Model-->ST1000LM014, ST1000LM028, ST1000LM015 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 8g nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1T | <!--Model-->ST1000LX001 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32G nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK2555GSX HDD2H24 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 250g 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK5065GSX - 500GB 5400RPM SATA 3Gb/s 8MB Cache 2.5-Inch | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MKxx59GSXP, eg Toshiba MK6459GSXP 640GB 2011 | <!--Work-->{{yes}} | <!--Tested under-->Icaros 2.2 with uses Advanced Format (AF) in 4,096 bytes per sector. Compatibility with legacy, 512 bytes through AF emulation techniques, called 512e |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2013 to 2016) | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2015 to 2020) *2013 *2014 *2015 AA50/AX0D5A *2016 AA60/AX0E1A * *2017 AGM AA01/AX002V *2018 AGS AA70/AX0G1A *2020 AA71/AX0G1A | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD050 500meg | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2013 | <!--Work-->{{Yes}} | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA | <!--Model-->MQ04ABD200 2TB 5400 RPM 128MB Cache SATA 6.0Gb/s | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD7500BPVX 2013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WESTERN DIGITAL 1TB 2.5" SATA DRIVE 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-80JC3T0 (OCT 2014) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , uses Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->WDC Western Digital Blue 1TB SATA 2.5" Hard Drive 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-08JC3T6 (Jun 2017) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD10JPCX 1Tb | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital * 2019 | <!--Model-->WD10JUCT 1TB (1000GB) 2019 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Scorpio Black * 2010 * 2014 | <!--Model-->WD5000BEKT, WD5000BPKX-22HPJT0, WD5000BPKT, | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 16m cache, 7200rpm thailand then malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Black * 2016 | <!--Model-->WD2500LPLX, WD3200LPLX, WD5000LPLX SMR: WD5000LPSX, WD10SPSX | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32m cache , 7200rpm SATA-III malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5in NON-Laptop Hard Disks === ====11mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu 160GB 250GB 300GB | <!--Model-->MHX2160BT, MHX2250BT, MHX2300BT | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->TP00640GB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====12.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====15mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 1TB IBM System X 15mm 2.5" SATA | <!--Model-->ST91000640NS 81Y9731 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->HL-DT-ST DVDRAM | <!--Model-->GSA T50L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage BD-Rom DVD Rewriter | <!--Model-->CT10N AFCK101 LGE-DMCT10A(B) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 5v 12.7mm fails early |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GT20L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009/2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Hitachi / LG | <!--Model-->GT30N GT32N GT30L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT50N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GU70N (HP/Dell), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GUD0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->GTA0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data | <!--Model-->GTC0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 12.7mm 5V 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS | <!--Model-->BU20N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-BU10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS Super Multi DVD Writer | <!--Model-->GUD1N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-GU90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2017 9.5mm 5v 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->Uj870a Uj880 UJ890 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8A0 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic MATSHITA 12.7mm SATA DVD | <!--Model-->UJ8B0 (Asus K53S), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 12.7mm 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8B1 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8C0 UJ8C1 UJ8C2 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.6a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Precision Devices Co Ltd | <!--Model-->UJ8D0, UJ8D1 KCC-REM-PPD-UJ8D1 HP 657534-TC2, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 ok lifeline, |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8E2Q | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8FB | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5a 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Blu-Ray DVD Writer Slimline | <!--Model-->UJ260 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DC-8A2SH, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A3S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A4SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DS-8A5LH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DU-8A6SH (HP) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips and LiteOn | <!--Model-->DS-8A8SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5a 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8A9SH DS8A9SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ABSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ACSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD Philips | <!--Model-->da-8aesh11b, DA-8AESH-24B | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2019 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Pioneer | <!--Model-->DVR-TD09TBG | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc SATA DVD | <!--Model-->AD-7561S, AD-7560S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7 MM |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7585H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm cleaning the laser lens inside the drive with a liquid lens cleaner. Also check the lens carrier slides freely from one extreme to the other inside the drive without sticking |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7580s, AD-7581s, AD-7583s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD7590s, AD-7591s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7700s, AD-7710h, AD-7701H, AD-7703S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7760H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7711H AD-7740H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S208B Ver BB Rev 00 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba TSSTCorp Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S083C Ver C Rev 03 /BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.5a 12.7 mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corp | <!--Model-->TS-L633 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-208FB/BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 12.7mm 5v 1.3a - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} === [https://www.backblaze.com/cloud-storage/resources/hard-drive-test-data SATA Desktop 3.5inch Hard Disks] === Datasheets with the SMR (overlapped packing Shingled Magnetic Recording) and CMR (faster Conventional Magnetic Recording) parts <pre> WD: https://documents.westerndigital.com/content/dam/doc-library/en_us/assets/public/western-digital/product/internal-drives/wd-blue-hdd/product-brief-western-digital-wd-blue-pc-hdd.pdf Seagate: https://www.seagate.com/content/dam/seagate/migrated-assets/www-content/datasheets/pdfs/3-5-barracudaDS1900-14-2007US-en_US.pdf Toshiba: https://storage.toshiba.com/docs/support-docs/P300-SalesSheet_English_Web_r2.pdf </pre> {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Seagate Barracuda 7200.9 | ST3160812AS, ST3160212AS | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 - Capacity: 160 GB - Speed: 7200RPM - Cache: 8 MB - Interface: SATA2 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda LP Green 5400rpm | <!--Model-->ST1000DL002 1TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SkyHawk Surveillance HDD ST4000VX000 Series | <!--Model-->ST4000VX013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Baracuda Compute | <!--Model-->ST500DM009 2F110A-500 / 02PKVY / 2PKVY (500m), | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> - SATA III (6Gb/s) - Format 3.5" - 32MB Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate CMR | <!--Model-->ST1000DM010 ST500DM009 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 2TB SMR | <!--Model-->ST2000DM008 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SMR | <!--Model-->ST8000DM004 ST6000DM003 ST4000DM004 ST3000DM007 ST2000DM005 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD220 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD320 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba P300 CMR | <!--Model-->HDWD130XZSTA HDWD130UZSVA, HDWD120XZSTA HDWD120UZSVA, HDWD110XZSTA HDWD110UZSVA | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2010 | <!--Model-->WD20EARS Green 2TB 5400rpm 64mb cache | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD20EFRX WD40EFRX 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital | <!--Model-->WD4002FFWD | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD80EAAZ WD80EAZZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAZ, WD60EZAZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ, WD20EZAZ - 2TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAX - 4TB, WD60EZAX - 6TB, WD80EZAX - 8TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- |} ==PATA== === IDE Desktop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | M1624TAU | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | IBM | DHEA-38451 | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SP40A2H | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST3160215ACE | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST32122A | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD102AA | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD200 | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Laptop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHV2040AH | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Toshiba | MK2011GAP | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Compaq | CR-594-BCQ | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8322B(CP1) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8484B(AM2A) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | LTN-485 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Creative | CD220E | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Hitachi-LG | GDA-4120B | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | LG | CRD-8400B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Lite-On | LTN486S | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Mitsumi | CRMC-FX4830T | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | CDR-1700B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | DV-5800A | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | ND-2100A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | NR-7900A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Philips | DVD8631 | {{no}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Samsung | SC-148 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SCR-2030 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SM-348B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU601 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU611-25 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Toshiba | SD-M1202 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === IDE Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->H-L Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GCC-4244N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2006 |- | Hitachi-LG | GCCT10N | {{yes}} | {{Maybe|FryingPan WRITE seems to have no problem with data sections (track 1) - combos with audio sections (track 2) white screens aros eventually}} | AspireOS Xenon with 25th Jan 2014 self update kernel |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Philips | SDR089 | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L462C TS-L462D | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | 2005 Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L632H | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Sony | DW-Q58A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Sony Optiarc | AD-7540A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->Optiarc DVD RW AD-7560A IDE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7590A | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} == SCSI == {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} NVMe accepts up to 64,000 queues with up to 64,000 commands each. oojtjlbhecah07bdm8htj25d9hxvmeu 4634504 4634503 2026-05-06T19:20:24Z Jeff1138 301139 4634504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ArosNav}} ==Introduction== AROS supports hard disks and optical drives attached to several interfaces: * [[#NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)]] on the pci-e bus * [[#SATA]] aka Serial ATA or AHCI (IDE compatibility mode used in most cases) * IDE (also known as ATA, [[#PATA]] or Parallel ATA) * USB * SCSI limited ==PCI-e== ===NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)=== *Controller and firmware *DRAM better having if heavy workloads but not necessary for gaming *Cache like SLC HMB techniques *NAND (Main storage area with MLC, TLC or QLC versions of varying life expectancy) SSDs, USB flash drive, SD and Micro SD Cards have a limited amount of write cycles, therefore guaranteed to fail randomly and suddenly at any time. All SSDs are prone to corrupt firmware due to poor quality NAND where both the data and the firmware resides. The drive tends to go read only when too many errors occur before complete failure. That is up to 10 years for things like memory cards and USB sticks. In general, unless there is a firmware design issue, cheap materials used, stress like bending or overheating causing cold solder joints, an SSD can last a long time if minimal writing activity takes place but eventually if flash isn't written to, it degrades. Catch 22. Dram and cache are not the same thing. Dram stores the ssds indexes and metadata for faster data retrieval and wear leveling. The cache keeps part of the nand memory as SLC storage which can be written to faster. Basically all ssds will have a dynamic SLC cache where it will decrease as the drive fills up. Cache controller designs that are DRAM less use the internal SRAM cache in the controller to cache the NAND mapping table. It just requires a different mapping table design since SRAM caches are much smaller than DRAM. Ultimately the mapping table is still stored in NAND. General rule of thumb: the cheaper an SSD, the higher the likelihood it uses lower quality flash chips so sudden failing NAND, problematic controller chips (e.g. SandForce), outsourced firmware. Generic brand like old SP, Corsair or Crucial may be recoverable whilst major brands Samsung, Intel and Western Digital are impossible due to firmware encryption and customizations. Recommend sticking with older Silicon Motion or Phison controllers if possible. A ssd isn't good because it has dram or bad because it doesn't. Other things should be taken into account like sustained writes so check the TPU write intensive usage See [https://www.techpowerup.com/ssd-specs/ here] for more information {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="15%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="30%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 to - SM2259XT2 SM2263XT MAS0902 MAP1202 YS9082HP RM1135 RTS5765 PS3111 |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed OEMs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 to date - Realtek RTS5765/66 controller + Micron 96L (B27A) |- | <!--Brand-->Acer Predator GM7 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Acer drives built by Biwin, that also supplies HP, Maxio MAP1602A no DRAM so HMB, YMTC 128L TLC, |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 NVME IM2P33F8, IM2S3168 SSD | <!--Model-->IM2P33F8-512GD | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - industrial 12L 3D TLC NAND flash Supports LDPC ECC, RAID Engine, and SLC Cache End-to-End (E2E) Data Path Protection with Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. DRAMless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG SX8200 Pro M.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ASX8200PNP1TTC | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 NVM Express 1.3 SN2262G later SN2262EN chipset - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 256GB GEN4 x4 NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->SM2P41C3-256GC2 DP/N 0KM1Y6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 consumer |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG GAMMIX S50 Lite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Silicon Motion SM2267XT dramless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG ATOM 50 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Innogrit RainierQX IG5220 |- | <!--Brand-->Adata Legend 710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Legend 900 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Innogrit IG5216 controller, no DRAM so HMB which appears to be the standard - |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin NV7200 PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SM2263XT |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin NV7400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force LE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force Series MP500 MP510 M.2 NVMe PCIe Gen 3 x4 SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 PS5012-E12-27 from Phison, 64-layer TLC Toshiba BiCS flash, may have dram cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 96L QLC - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Elite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E16 and Bics DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Pro XT, PRO LPX, PRO NH PCIe4 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP600ECS Elite, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 DRAMless SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, BiCS6 162L QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Core XT | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison and Bics QLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP700 Pro PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP700PNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P1 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 QLC NAND but a controller with a DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P2 M.2 2280 Gen3 x4 NVM-express | <!--Model-->CT1000P2SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 dram-less Phison PS5013-E13-31 on 96-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 Plus M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->CT1000P3PSSD8 CT2000P3PSSD801 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with Host Memory Buffer HMB tech to use a small bit of system RAM as DRAM cache and Micron 176-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 M.2 nvme SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P3SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron QLC (N48R) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 m.2 nvme PCIe 4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 runs hot - Crucial NVMe with DRAM LPDDR4 and Micron 96L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 some have DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T500 Gen4.0 nvme 2.0 | <!--Model-->CT1000T500SSD8, CT2000T500SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison PS5025-E25 with micron B58R 232-layer 3D TLC NAND and Micron LPDDR4 DRAM cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T700 Gen5 SSD | <!--Model-->CT1000T700SSD3, CT2000T700SSD3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, Micron 232-layer NAND with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P310 M.2 2280 NVMe PCIe Gen4 SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P310SSD801 (2Tb), | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 DRAM-less Phison E27T Micron 232-layer NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T705 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 dramless Phison SSD controller |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 SMI SM2508 SSD controller dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN605 PCIe Gen3 x4 interface, NVMe 1.3 support | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN660 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN760 PCIe Gen4 x4 M.2 NVMe 1.4 interface | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 gets hot |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN870 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 no dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN855 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S500 pro PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 MaxioTech MAP1202A-F1C with YMTC 128L and pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S660 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S880/R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S770 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX550 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN501 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->FIKWOT FN950 FN955 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 MAP1602 (at 1600 MT/s) flash YMTC TLC no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX991 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->FW-FX991-2TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN960 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN970 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Geil ZEN ITH m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->S3-240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus Gen4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash - DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus 10000 PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->HP EX950 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HP FX900 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dram less |- | <!--Brand-->HP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M2 Series NVME M.2 2280 PCIe Gen 3x4 | <!--Model-->INSSD500GM280NM2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Professional TLC E12S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E18 |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Gaming performance Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash |- | <!--Brand-->Inland TD510 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM DDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->intel SSD Pro 7600p Series M.2 80mm 2280 PCIe 3.0 x4, 3D TLC | <!--Model-->SSDPEKKF512GB, SSDPEKKF256G8L, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel 660p m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ssdpeknw010tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 SMI SM2263 controller with 1GB DRAM cache and 1TB of Intel QLC NAND similar to crucial P1 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] 670p | <!--Model-->SSDPEKNU010TZ | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 256 MB DDR3L cache and 12-140 GB SLC-Cache QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Intel P4511 m.2 nvme PCIe3.1 x4 22110 110mm | <!--Model-->SSDPELKX020T8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 very long |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A1000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA1000M8/480G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A2000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA2000M8/250G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston KC3000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] PS5018-E18 PCIe 4.0 x4 NVMe controller and Micron’s 176L TLC NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV1 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model-->SNV1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 entry-level consumer DRAMless Phison E13T or Silicon Motion 4-channel SM2263XT - one brand TLC up to 1Tb and QLC after - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV2 | <!--Model-->SNV2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 entry-level, first SMI SM2267XT or Phison E19T and later SMI SM2269XT or Phison E21T with various flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston FURY Renegade m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] Phison E18 controller, Micron 176L nand and ddr4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV3 | <!--Model-->SNV3S/500G, SNV3S/1000G, SNV3S/2000G, SNV3S/4000G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 entry-level, SMI SM2268XT2 or Phison E27T controller with BiCS6 TLC or QLC flash - dramless so hmb - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG4? M2 2280 NVMe PCIe SSD | <!--Model-->THNSF5512GPUK, THNSN51T02DUK, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 Phison has done custom controller work for Kioxia, and Kioxia has also worked with SMI and InnoGrit (the latter more recently). Kioxia label their controllers as their own but these are largely rebadged. |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG5 for Data Centres | <!--Model-->KXG5 KXG50ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 nanya ddr3 dram? with 64-layer BiCS 3D flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG6 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->KXG60ZNV512G, KXG60ZNV1T02, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 TC58NCP090GSD with DRAM NANYA LPDDR3 and Toshiba BiCS FLASH 96-layer 3D TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> *KBG40ZNS128G, KBG40ZNS256G, KBG40ZNS512G, KBG40ZNS1T02 *KBG40ZNT256G, *KBG40ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - no dram but NVMe's Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. portion of the system's RAM for caching - Toshiba's 96-Layer BiCS FLASH - seems Windows UASP driver and the JMS583 chipset interacts badly with the Kioxia BG4 - early firmware upgrade to prevent overheating hot - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG7 | <!--Model-->KXG70ZNV1T0G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 - might need firmware update on early 2tb 4tb versions - controller with sk hynix dram and tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G2 SSD series PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5012-E12S-32 aka TC58NC1201GST 4-channel controller along with KIOXIA proprietary 96-layer 3D TLC and "MG2h" version has BiCS4.5 which is faster than launch BiCS4 - - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG8 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 TC58NC0L1XGSD with DRAM LPDDR4 and 112-Layer Kioxia BiCS5 TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG5 | <!--Model-->KGB50ZNV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 HMB buffer |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G3 SSD series PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 has hmb, like most dram-less nvmes KIOXIA |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar 1TB SSD M.2 NVME 1.4 Gen3x4 M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->NM610Pro | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM620 *IG5216 (worse?) not great original 96L *MAP1202 YMTC up to 232L, or 176L Micron, TLC for the 1TB | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 a few versions all DRAM-less, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM790 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Maxio MAP1602 no DRAM so HMB with 232-Layer YMTC TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->EQ790 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Maxio MAP1602, no DRAM so HMB, Flash Memory 232-Layer YMTC TLC, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Liteon M.2 NVME 512GB SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->CAZ-51282512-Q11 DP/N 0K64PG | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2200S m.2 nvme 2200 series | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TCK, MTFDHBA512TCK | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 for a time, Micron controller with 64L TLC 3D Nand [https://www.dell.com/support/home/en-uk/drivers/driversdetails?driverid=3jg3g BSOD occurred as CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED] before self applied firmware [https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/downloads/ds119265-nvme-solid-state-drive-firmware-update-utility-for-windows-10-64-bit-thinkpad apparently it is related to the power management that disconnects the Micron SSD] |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2300 m.2 nvme Gen 3 x4 | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TDV P/N M02626-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 3400 M.2 NVME SSD Gen4 | <!--Model-->MTFDKBA512TFH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no cache |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2450 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 E19T |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2600 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison's PS5029-E29T SSD controller with Micron 276-layer G9 QLC NAND in a DRAMless - Adaptive Write Technology (AWT) using various NAND modes (SLC, TLC, and QLC) as a dynamic cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium S270 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium M450 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV2000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico J10 J-10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico D10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico e3500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico O7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P300 m.2 nvme pcie 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot Viper VP4300 Lite M.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2230 Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2140 CS2342 Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk 1T 2280 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 no dram, Memory QLC Intel 144 layer. Chip Realtek |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket Nano 2242 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-2130-512, SB-2280-1TB, SB-Rocket-NVME4-HTSK-2TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 PLUS m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-RKT4P-1TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E1? controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Phison E25 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM951 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZVLV1T | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 950 PRO PM961 M.2 2280 NVMe 1.3 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *MZ-VKW5120 *MZ-VLW2560 MZVLW256HEHP-000L7, MZ-VLW5120, MZ-SLW1T00 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - possibly 512M LPDDR3 Samsung K4E4E324EE-ECCF cache - Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) unit with Samsung 48-layer TLC V-NAND V3 flash Samsung K90MGY8S7M-CCK0 - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 960 Pro SM961 M.2 PCi-e NVMe SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-V6P1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) controller Samsung 48-layer multi-level cell (MLC) V-NAND, pseudo-SLC cache or LPDDR3-1866 Samsung K4E8E304EE-EGCF |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *Rev 0 MZ-VLB256A, MZ-VLB512A, MZ-VLB1T0A, *Rev 0 MZ-VLB2560, MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HAJQ, MZ-VLB1T00, *Rev ? MZ-VLB256B, MZ-VLB512B, MZ-VLB1T0B, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache hybrid SLC Samsung’s TurboWrite - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981a 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HBJQ-000L7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991 NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ2560 MZVLQ256HBJD-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991a NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ256B MZVLQ256HBJD-00BH1, MZ-9LQ256C, MZ-VLQ512B MZVLQ512HBLU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 970 EVO Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Samsung Phoenix on Samsung LPDDR4 dram and 2 Samsung 9x-layer V-NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 EVO Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V8P1T0BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 originally made in Korea ([https://semiconductor.samsung.com/consumer-storage/support/tools/ 2tb firmware issues] with versions starting with 3) and year later Vietnam - DRAM |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9E2T0BW, MZ-V9E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo no DRAM so HMB Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) and Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) - |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM9A1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VL25120 MZVL2512HCJQ, MZVL21T00 MZVL21T0HCLR-00BL2, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 might be OEM variant of the 980 Pro |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM9B1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model--> *2023 MZ9L4256HCJQ-00BD1 MZ-9L4256A, , *2025 MZ-VL42560, MZ-VL45120, MZ-VL421T, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SSD controller is Marvell 88SS1322 Whistler Plus, no DRAM cache and Samsung 128-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO Plus m.2 nvme2.0 | <!--Model-->MZ-V9S2T0BW, MZ-V9S1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo with no DRAM so HMB and Samsung 236-Layer (V8) TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9P2T0BW, MZ-V9P1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 2tb early firmware issue - Samsung Pascal with DRAM LPDDR4 and 176-Layer V-NAND TLC - has had firmware design issues, causing premature failure - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 9100 PRO PCIe Gen5 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 510 G3 x4 nvme | <!--Model--> *ZP1000GM30001, *ZP500GM30021 P/N 2NT308-300, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad early batch - Phison E12 STXYP0160031 on SK Hynix DRAM DDR4 with Kioxia BiCS3 64L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda Q5 | <!--Model-->ZP500CV30001,ZP250CV30001,ZP1000CV30001 P/N 2ZK307-881,ZP2000CV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 PS5013-E13-31 from Phison, no DRAM cache and QLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 515 | <!--Model-->ZP500GV30001,ZP250GV30001,ZP1000GV30001,ZP2000GV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 no dram and qlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate FireCuda 520 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 ×4 NVMe 1.4 | <!--Model-->ZP2000GM30002, ZP1000GM30002, ZP500GM30002 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 520N m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP2000GV3A012, ZP1000GV3A012 and ZP500GV3A012 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP500GM3A013, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5018-E18 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 176L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model-->ZP1000CV3A002, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 540 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD85 m.2 nvme PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 [http://vlo.name:3000/ssdtool/ firmware tools] |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD90 PCIe 4.0 nvme | <!--Model-->SP250GBP44UD9005, SP500GBP44UD9005, SP01KGBP44UD9005, SP02KGBP44UD9005, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron TLC (B47R) but later no name QLC nand instead - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A60 A80 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 various originally an E12 drive with 64L Toshiba NAND, then had variations with E12S and SM2262EN as well as random 64L/96L, now it comes with a MAP1001A controller by Maxio and some YMTC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power US75 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC501 M.2 m.2 NVMe PCIe Gen3 SSD | <!--Model--> *Rev0 HFM256GDHTNG-8510B SSS0L24764, HFM256GDJTNG-8310A, *Rev1 HFM256GDHTNG-8310A SSS0Q68673, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC511 512GB NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->HFM256GDJTNI-82A0A HFM512GDGTNI-82A0A D P/N 0TG8T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix BC711 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model-->HFM001TD3JX013N, HFM512GD3JX013N, HFM256GD3JX013N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 okay but no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix PC711 m.2 2280 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> *HFS001TDE9X073N, HFS512GDE9X073N, HFS256GDE9X073N *HFS001TDE9X080N, HFS512GDE9X080N, HFS256GDE9X081N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC210 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC601 PCIe 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - Cepheus Plus YCN34PTA0FR Controller and 48L TLC Flash, pseudo-SLC cache and LPDDR4-3733 SK Hynix H9HCNNN8KUMLHR-NME dram - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC401 3rd gen PCIe | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Gold P31 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 SK hynix’s proprietary Cepheus controller |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix SK500 Gen 4 (x4) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Platinum P41 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Aries SSD controller with 176-Layer TLC flash - SK hynix LPDDR4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix PC801 PCIe Gen4 x4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->HFS001TEJ9X101N, HFS512GEJ9X101N, HFS256GEJ9X101N, HFS002TEJ9X101N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC901 m.2 nvme PCIe Gen4 2230 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Silicon Motion SM2269XT with no DRAM so HMB buffer cache - SK Hynix 176-layer TLC NAND flash 1TB only - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team | <!--Model-->TM8PS7512G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup MP34 | <!--Model-->MP34 256GB, MP34 512GB, MP34 1TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 good Phison E12 with DRAM NANYA DDR3L and Toshiba BiCS 3 64L TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea A440 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison PS5018-E18 NVMe 1.4 controller and Micron’s 96L TLC with SK hynix 8Gb DDR4 chips but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group TForce Cardea A440 Lite PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 dram-less E27T controller and 162L TLC but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team Z44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team MP44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E21T no DRAM so HMB with 176-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Team MP33Q | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - dramless maxio MAP1202 with TLC (MP33) or QLC (MP33Q) - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group QX GE Pro m.2 nvme PCIe5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 innogit IG5666 with QLC 3D 232L nand with DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force G70 Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 InnoGrit IG5236 (Rainier) with DRAM and NAND YMTC TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea Z540 m.2 nvme PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison E26 controller and 232L TLC and DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE110S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS128GMTE110S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE220S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS2TMTE220S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2230 TS256GMTE300S TS512GMTE300S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND, 1G and 2G get hot |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE400S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 mlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Union Memory (Shenzhen) AM6672 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM6A0 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Verbatim V15000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN720 M.2 2280 NVME PCIE for Data Centers | <!--Model-->SDAQNTW-512G-1001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2021 |- | <!--Brand-->WDC SN520 2230 Gen3 x2 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital ix sn530 M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 industrial sandisk controller and firmware, as well as 96-layer 3D TLC NAND memory that can work in TLC or SLC mode - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN730 Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 M.2 NVME | <!--Model-->SDBPNTY-1T00, SDBPNTY-512G-1012, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 to 2021 DRAM Cache DDR4-2666 CL18 Micron MT40A512M16LY-075:E (D9WFH) with Controller WD 20-82-00705-A2 Triton MP28 and NAND Flash Toshiba BiCS4 60082 512G (Rebranded by SanDisk) TLC 96-layer |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN750 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 64-layer 3D stacked NAND with 3 bits per cell TLC (Triple Level Cell) with 256MB of skhynix DRAM cache for every 250GB |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN850 m.2 nvme Gen4 PHY | <!--Model-->WDS100T1X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Sandisk G2 controller with Micron DDR4 cache - new nCache 4.0 slc cache total dynamic capacity spans one-third (300GB on 1TB) with a small static SLC cache (12GB on 1TB) from the Kioxia BiCS4 96L TLC 96-layer NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN550 Blue M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - various controllers and NANDs |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SN810 NVMe SSD 2280 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 slc cache - laptop oem only no retail version - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN850X | <!--Model-->WDS100T2X0E, WDS200T2X0E, WDS400T2X0E, WDS800T2X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 issues with early ssd firmware and AMD Zen 3 X570 and X670E chipsets - Sandisk A101000291-82 controller with 112-layer TLC and DDR4 DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN570 single-sided M.2 2280 (80mm) PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless - WD/SanDisk SSD controller with BiCS 5 3D NAND TLC 112-layer NAND flash memory - |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Black SN770 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->WDS100T3X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless cache with TLC |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green SN350 m.2 NVMe SSD | <!--Model-->WDS100T3G0C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 DRAM-less cache with SanDisk controller and QLC (quad-level cell) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->WD_BLACK SN750 SE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Phison E19T, dramless |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN740 M.2 (2230) PCIe 4.0 x4 2280 | <!--Model-->SDDQTQD-1T00, SDDPNQD-, SDDPNQD-256G-2006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless with SSD controller WD Sandisk 20-82-10081-A1 Polaris MP16+ with Toshiba BiCS5 112-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN580 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless SanDisk controller with (HMB) and 112-Layer Kioxia TLC (BiCS5) |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN8100 / Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 8100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX 5100 7100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 850X | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Zhitai (Yangtze Memory) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === Mini SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin PCIe 4×2 NVMe 1.3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 GPDwin5 and Oneplayer Superx hybrid - 3D TLC - LGA packaging - V1 slide tray mechanism - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- |} ==SATA== Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI), a programming interface for SATA host controllers. Platforms supporting AHCI may take advantage of performance features such as no master/slave designation for SATA devices — each device is treated as a master — and hardware-assisted native command queuing. AHCI may but not often also provides usability enhancements such as Hot-Plug (Desktop and Mobile Only). AHCI requires appropriate software support (e.g., an AHCI driver) AHCI, the underlying protocol for SATA, only supports one queue with 32 commands. The issue with AHCI is that it's going to take a pile of test hardware just to figure out all the different bugs in all the motherboard chipsets and add-on PCI cards that 'kinda' implement AHCI. Not to mention Silicon Image, which took a very different approach from Intel's AHCI in their SATA controllers. === SATA 7mm 2.5inch SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 240GB Ultimate SU630 2.5" | <!--Model-->ASU630SS-240GQ-R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su650 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU650SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su800 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU800 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI SM2258 controller with Micron 3D TLC NAND but low performance when data fills the SLC cache - slow write speed - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su680 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU680SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS340 Panther | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS350 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M225 SSD 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2009 sata2 3gbp/s |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial C300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 sata3 6gbps - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2011 Marvell 88SS9174-BKK2 processor, 25nm MLC NAND flash and 128MB dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M500 120Gb to 960Gb | <!--Model-->CT250M500SSD1, CT500M500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M550 120G to 1T | <!--Model-->CT250M550SSD1, CT500M550SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX100 | <!--Model-->CT500BX100SSD1, CT1000BX100SSD1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - no dram - Silicon Motion SM2246EN and ATA version ACS-2 - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache Micron controller and nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial MX200 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX300 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dramless cache - Micron ex Tidal controller and TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) bx500 2.5inch | <!--Model-->CT240BX500SSD1, CT480BX500SSD1, CT960BX500SSD1, CT1000BX500SSD1, CT2000BX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SM2258XT 4channel later SM2259XT paired with Micron’s latest 64-Layer 3D TLC flash but dramless SLC cache (part of the tlc flash) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX500 | <!--Model-->CT250MX500SSD1, CT500MX500SSD1, CT1000MX500SSD1, CT2000MX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - dram cache from 256M to 2G - discontinued end of 2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no dram cache, Hynix memory 3dv7-176l 176 layer QLC (one chip), either raymx rm1135, SM2259XT controller or Realtek rts5735dlq |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang ranxiana S102 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101Q 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX815 Standard 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FS810 Ultra 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertec FirestormLite 2.5inch | <!--Model-->S240GHS3-M or SDSSD240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertech | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral V2 Plus 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 520 Series 2.5 inch SATA 6Gb/s 2.5" SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SSDSC2CW240A3, SSDSC2CW480A3, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 LSI SandForce SF2281, Flash Memory Intel Synchronous 25nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro Series 1500 | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BF180A4L SSD0E38417, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel S3610 Series 2.5" 400GB 6GBPS SATA SSD | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BX400G4R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 data center |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD Pro 5400s 512 GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF512H6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3510 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDS2BB400G6, SSDSC2BB480G6R, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3520 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BB800G7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3710 Series 800GB 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BA800G4P, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 server |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 545S Series 256GB 512GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KW256G8X1, SSDSC2KW512G8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] SSD DC S4500 240GB 2.5inch - HP Enterprise | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KB240G7P | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingspec P3-512 P3-1T0 P3-2TO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston SSDNow 300 | <!--Model-->SV300S37A/240G, SV300S37A/120G, SV300S37A/60G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dramless - lsi sandforce SF2281 or JMicron JMF662 controller with Toshiba MLC or Intel MLC |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 120G to 960Gb 2.5inch | <!--Model-->SA400S37/240G SBFK61K1, SA400S37/480G, SA400S37/960G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 half case sized ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - t6 security torx into metal case - dram less - poor write speeds - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia formerly Toshiba HG6 2.5in | <!--Model--> *9.5mm THNSNJ512GBSU, THNSNJ256GBSU, THNSNJ128GBSU *7mm THNSNJ512GCSU THNSNJ512GCSY, THNSNJ256GCSU THNSNJ256GCSY, THNSNJ128GCSU THNSNJ128GCSY | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NS100 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->LNS100-1TRB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - Marvell 88NV1120 Artemis, a DRAM cache is not available and pseudo-SLC. Micron 64-layer TLC NAND flash 4 chips @ 512 Gbit TS7512G181 (Rebranded by Lexar) (256G) - 4 nand flash chips Lexar/TST22T181/ B1924 and one controller: Lexar DM918/NOD43 1907 (512G) - |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NQ100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - DM928 controller which operates without a DRAM buffer. Two 128GB Micron NAND flash chips |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LiteOn | <!--Model-->LCS-128L9S-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 no dram - sata2 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Matrix 256Gb 512GB SATA 2.5in SSD | <!--Model-->MIS512GSDS, MIS256GSDS | <!--Work MSDos-->UP TO 550MB/S | <!--Work GPT-->UP TO 500MB/S | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1100 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TBN-1AR1ZA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1300 2TB 1300 2.5" | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TDL-1AW1ZABHA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 - old sdd - TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Micron RealSSD C400 2.5inch | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK256MAM-1K12 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Mushkin Reactor | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC flash |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac SA500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y-20 Y20 2.5 inch sata SHENZHEN ORICO TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Orico S500-Pro s500pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Origin Storage Inception TLC830 Pro Series 2.5in SATA III SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D tlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P210 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> qlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P220 | <!--Model-->P220S2TB25 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Plextor M6V | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS900 2.5 in sata SSD | <!--Model-->SSD7CS900-480-PB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2311, CS3030 and Pro Elite SSDs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung SM PM | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->PM871a or PM871b? SM/PM = 2-bit or 3-bit MLC. PM = 3-bit MLC = TLC. 8 = generation = 8xx, 7 = model = 850 EVO (in this case), 1 = usage (e.g. 3 = datacenter). a/b = revision or type of flash, the 850 EVO had multiple revisions including at least three types of flash (32L, 48L, 64L) so a = 32/48L, b = 64L. At lower capacities it might use different flash, for example the 256GB SM951 utilizies 2D/planar while the higher capacities use 3D. OEM drives tend to have different, optimized firmware, so performance will not be the same |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE120 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 2.5in sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE5120 P/N MZ7TE512HMHP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-75E120, MZ-75E500 (P/N MZ7LN500) to MZ-75E4T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 Samsung MGX controller (S4LN062X01) up to 500GB capacities whilst Samsung MEX controller (3-core) beyond - Samsung TLC 3D V‐NAND 48 and later 64 layers and possibility of 256MB, 512MB or 1GB LPDDR2-1066 DRAM chip - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 PRO | <!--Model-->MZ-7KE1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN512A P/N MZ7LN512HMJP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM883 1.92TB | <!--Model-->MZ-7LH1T90 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) - 1gb LPDDR4-1866 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76E1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 QVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76Q1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 QVO 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN56F, MZ-77E1T0 P/N MZ7L31TOHBLB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 beware of bad batch early death - uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871b | <!--Model-->MZ7LN256HCHP-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra 3D/Extreme Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 SandForce SF-2281 dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDHP-256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell SS889175 processor with SanDisk's 19nm NAND and 128MB Samsung DDR2 DRAM chip |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Marvell 88SS9188 Marvell 88SS9187 with SanDisk 64Gbit 19nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDA-240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 pseudo SLC cache dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z400s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - Silicon Motion SM2246XT DRAM-less - budget end of market - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 4 NAND packages and marvell controller 88ss1074 on blue pcb - 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate BarraCuda Q1 SSD | <!--Model-->ZA240CV10001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 dramless A55 started with the Phison S10 but later the S11 i.e. Phison PS3111-S11-13 controller and 96-layer TLC NAND flash memory with a pseudo-SLC cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power Ace A55 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->sk hynix | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 sandforce controller - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SH910A | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Link_A_Media (LAMD) controller with eight 256Gbit H27QEGDVEBLR NAND 20nm hynix MLC - SK hynix H5PS1G83JFA DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->HFS256G32MND-3210A, HFS256G32MND-3312A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - red strip around edges - 8-channel controller SK hynix LM87810AA-A0 with DDR2 buffer chip and four pieces of 16nm hynix MLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SL300 series 2.5in SSD *3110A SL301STD *3210A *3300A *3310A | <!--Model-->HFS500G32TND, HFS256G32TNE, HFS128G32TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC - consumer line red in corners - SK hynix LM878100AA (HFS256G32MND-3312A) later SH87820BB and NAND 16nm hynix TLC - 256mb dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SC3 series 2.5in SSD *N1A0A , , *N1A1A *N1A2A SC308STD, *N2A0A , , SC311STD | <!--Model-->HFS512G32TNF-N2A0A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - red in corners - no dram and no SLC cache - Hynix ex Link_A_Media Devices (LAMD) SH87820BB 2c but poor mixed workload ability MLC - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team EX2 GX2 Elite QX | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP AX2 2.5 Inch SATA III Solid State Drive SSD | <!--Model-->T253A3512G0C101, T253A3001T0C101, T253A3002T0C101, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 3D NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup TF Vulcan Z 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dramless smi2259xt 128L tlc nand - |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup T-Force Vulcan ZQLC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram-less smi2259xt qlc 144L nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Topesel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend 220S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS120GSSD220S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 3D TLC without dram |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend SSD230S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS256GSSD230S TS512GSSD230S TS1TSSD230S TS2TSSD230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Viathan | <!--Model-->S001T3V | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red SA500 NAS | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 250Gb to 4Tb | <!--Model-->WDS400T3B0A WDS200T3B0A WDS100T3B0A WDS500G3B0A WDS250G3B0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SSD 2.5" | <!--Model-->WDS240G1G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green 200Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T2G0A WDS100T3G0A WDS480G2G0A WDS240G2G0A WDS120G2G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - cheap and slow ssd - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SA530 | <!--Model-->SDASB8Y-256G SD9SB8W, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.xray-disk.com xraydisk] 2.5 inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> from the manufacturer only - Phsion/SMI(2258XT)/Realtek/Yeestor |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Xum | <!--Model-->hx256gssdsata3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y3000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCie 3.0 |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y7000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCIe 4.0 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === SATA M.2 (M and B key) === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 2280 Sata | <!--Model-->AXNS381E-128GM-B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S201 m.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->S201 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN203 m.2 sata (oldtan, twipps, teexin aka Shenzhen Pingfan "Ordinary" Road Technology Co., Ltd) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 lifespan not long Maxio MAP + YMTC 128L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Foresee (Shenzhen Longsys) | <!--Model-->YSM80CD-128G YSDE128G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 88nv1120-bt22 T3WU030 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 2242 120G | <!--Model-->INSSD120GM242 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->INSSD256GM.26M2280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 256GB/512GB/1TB/2TB | <!--Model-->INSSD1TM280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 netac rebrand - no dram cache - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro ‎545S 2280 | <!--Model-->SSDSCKKF256G8H | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> no dram, TLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intenso M.2 internalSSD SATA III 1 TB | <!--Model-->Top | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 m.2 | <!--Model-->SA400M8/240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 entry level ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model-->RBU-SNS8350DES3128GP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston V300 | <!--Model-->SV300S3505AG | <!--Work MSDos-->{{yes}} | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Nightly Build 2014-09-18 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON SATA 128GB | <!--Model-->CV3-8D128-11 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON | <!--Model-->CV1-8B256-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lite-On | <!--Model-->L8H-256V2G-HP L8H-128V2G-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 2016 nanya nt5c864m16fp-dh |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LSI | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 SF37000 controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model-->M550 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron M600 enterprise m.2 sata up to 512GB | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256MBF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller, DRAM chip 256MB 533MHz LPDDR2, NAND for the 256GB drive MT29F1T08CQCCBG2-10:C 16nm MLC NAND each 128GB package |- | <!--Brand-->MICRON 1100 M.2 SATA 6Gb/s 2280 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256TBN HP P/N 903109-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y20M-2242 | <!--Model-->Y20M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM841 M.2 sata3 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-NTD2560/0L9 MZNTD256HAGL-000L9 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung CM871 Rev 0 | <!--Model-->MZNLF128HCHP-000H1 MZ-NLF1280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a m.2 Sata | <!--Model-->MZNLN256HMHQ, NLN512A P/N MZNLN512HMJP-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM871b | <!--Model-->MZNLN128HAHQ-000H1, MZNLN256HAJQ MZ-NLN256F MZ-NLN256C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM881 | <!--Model-->MZ-NLH1280 MZNLH128HBHQ-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X300 M.2 sata 2280 80mm SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD7SN6S-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk X400 SSD M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->SD8SN8U-128G-1006, SD8SN8U-256G-1006, SD8SN8U-512-1006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 SSD controller Marvell 88SS1074 four channel supports variety of NAND and up to 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X600 M.2 SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD9SN8W-128G-1006 SD9TN8W-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SANDISK X110 DELL 6T4HK M.2 2260 | <!--Model-->SD6SP1M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->SC308M280S HFS128G39TND | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 SH87820BB controller - No dram buffer - multi-level cell (MLC) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC311 HFS256G39TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC401 HFS256G39TNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->A55 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP Team MS30 SSD M.2 Sata 2280 | <!--Model-->TM8PS7001T0C101 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba RC100 (retail version of BG3) | <!--Model-->KBG30ZMV256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba HG6 m.2 | <!--Model-->THNSNJ512GDNU THNSNJ512G8NY, THNSNJ256GDNU THNSNJ256G8NY, THNSNJ128GDNU THNSNJ128G8NY, THNSNJ256GVNU THNSNJ128GVNU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA SSD M.2 2280 256GB | <!--Model-->KSG50ZMV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 | <!--Model-->KSG60ZMG256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->400 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS32GMTS400S TS64GMTS400S TS128GMTS400S | <!--Model-->400S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> DDR3 dram cache and mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->M.2 SSD 600 (2260), M.2 SSD 800S (2280) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS120GMTS420S TS240GMTS420S TS480GMTS420S | <!--Model-->420S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> can run hot slc cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS256GMTS430S TS512GMTS430S | <!--Model-->430S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache - 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS120GMTS820S TS240GMTS820S TS960GMTS820S | <!--Model-->820S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS256GMTS830S TS512GMTS830S TS1TMTS830S TS4TMTS830S | <!--Model-->830S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 120GB to 480Gb | <!--Model-->WDS480G2G0B WDS240G2G0B WDS120G2G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 made in malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 240Gb to | <!--Model-->WDS240G3G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 made in |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 M.2 SATA 250Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T3B0B WDS100T3B0B WDS500G3B0B WDS250G3B0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red 500GB 1TB 2TB | <!--Model-->SA500 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM610 m.2 sata | <!--Model-->SSS0R27339, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === mSATA SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fangxiang S301 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingchuxing | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model-->INSSD256GMSA MO-300 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc 3d nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron enterprise | <!--Model-->M600 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico ZH-10 ZH10 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO 1.8in | <!--Model-->MZ-M5E120BW, MZ-M5E250BW, MZ-M5E500BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 1.8" msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MTE256D P/N MZ-MTMTE256HMHP, MZ-MTE1T00, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MM6E250BW, MZ-M6E500BW, MZ-M6E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA370S | <!--Model-->MSA370S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA230S | <!--Model-->230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5inch Laptop Hard Disks === ====7mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP628230-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP552605-01 250Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP693440-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z5K320 Z5K500-500 Z5K100 series * 2013 HTS545050A7E380 HTS * 2015 HTS545050A7E680 HTS | <!--Model-->HTS 320GB 500Gb 1Tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z7K320 Z7K500 series | <!--Model-->HTS725050A7E630 320Gb HTS725050A7E635 500Gb 7200rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> avoid if it does not have the DCM code |- | <!--Brand-->HGST 1T 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HTS541010B7E610 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 128m cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus Thin | <!--Model-->ST500LT012 ST320LT012. ST250LT012 500Gb 320gb 250gb 2014 5.4K rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Thin SSHD 5400RPM Sata 2.5" | <!--Model-->ST500LM000 500GB, ST500LM001, ST500LM020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 up to 64M cache and with 8GB NAND Flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate MomentusThin-B Video 2.5 HDD * 2014 * 2015 * 2016 * 2017 | <!--Model-->ST500VT000 500GB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE Baracuda 2.5 5400 | <!--Model-->ST2000LM015 (2Gb), ST1000LM049 (1Tb), ST500LM030 (500Gb) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda Pro | <!--Model-->ST1000LM048 ST1000LM035 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> up to 128MB cache |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE FireCuda Compute 2.5 | <!--Model-->ST500LX025 ST1000LX015 ST2000LX001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 8GB NAND Commercial Multilevel Cell (cMLC), 128MB buffer and 5400-RPM spindle speed up to 140 MB/s |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 2.5in | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2018 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA MQ01ACF | <!--Model-->MQ01ACF050 500GB 7200rpm 2020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->western digital wd blue 500G 8meg cache 5400rpm * 2014 Rev T0 * 2015 Rev T1 | <!--Model-->wd5000lpvx | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012-2015 sequential 2MB block transfers 110 MB/s reading and writing - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2.5" WD Blue Slim | <!--Model-->WD10SPCX 1TB Nov 2016 | <!--Work MSDos-->{{Yes|hdd under partition table msdos/pc, boots on bios machines, will not on uefi machine}} | <!--Work GPT-->{{Unk|untested hdd under gpt partition protocol scheme, not booting on uefi}} | <!--Tested under-->AROS One 1.8 USB |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD5000LUCX 500Gb 5400rpm 16mb cache Rev Y0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 2017 Malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====9.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHW2040BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 40gig |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHY2080BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 80gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHW2120B | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS541010A9E662 type TS5SAF100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Travelstar 5K500.B-320 | <!--Model-->HTS545025B9SA02 HTS545032B9A300 HTS545040B9A300 HTS545050B9A300 250Gb 320Gb 400Gb 500Gb 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST 1TB 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung bought by Seagate late 2011 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate HD REV A (Jan 2014) | <!--Model-->ST1000LM024 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate 9.5mm * 2013 Rev A HN-M500MBB/I * 2014 Rev B HN-M500MBB/SP4 * 2015 Rev B HN-M500MBB/P4C | <!--Model-->ST500LM012 (500M) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus 5400.3 | <!--Model-->ST9160821AS | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 160gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1t | <!--Model-->ST1000LM014, ST1000LM028, ST1000LM015 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 8g nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1T | <!--Model-->ST1000LX001 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32G nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK2555GSX HDD2H24 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 250g 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK5065GSX - 500GB 5400RPM SATA 3Gb/s 8MB Cache 2.5-Inch | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MKxx59GSXP, eg Toshiba MK6459GSXP 640GB 2011 | <!--Work-->{{yes}} | <!--Tested under-->Icaros 2.2 with uses Advanced Format (AF) in 4,096 bytes per sector. Compatibility with legacy, 512 bytes through AF emulation techniques, called 512e |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2013 to 2016) | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2015 to 2020) *2013 *2014 *2015 AA50/AX0D5A *2016 AA60/AX0E1A * *2017 AGM AA01/AX002V *2018 AGS AA70/AX0G1A *2020 AA71/AX0G1A | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD050 500meg | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2013 | <!--Work-->{{Yes}} | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA | <!--Model-->MQ04ABD200 2TB 5400 RPM 128MB Cache SATA 6.0Gb/s | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD7500BPVX 2013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WESTERN DIGITAL 1TB 2.5" SATA DRIVE 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-80JC3T0 (OCT 2014) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , uses Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->WDC Western Digital Blue 1TB SATA 2.5" Hard Drive 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-08JC3T6 (Jun 2017) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD10JPCX 1Tb | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital * 2019 | <!--Model-->WD10JUCT 1TB (1000GB) 2019 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Scorpio Black * 2010 * 2014 | <!--Model-->WD5000BEKT, WD5000BPKX-22HPJT0, WD5000BPKT, | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 16m cache, 7200rpm thailand then malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Black * 2016 | <!--Model-->WD2500LPLX, WD3200LPLX, WD5000LPLX SMR: WD5000LPSX, WD10SPSX | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32m cache , 7200rpm SATA-III malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5in NON-Laptop Hard Disks === ====11mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu 160GB 250GB 300GB | <!--Model-->MHX2160BT, MHX2250BT, MHX2300BT | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->TP00640GB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====12.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====15mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 1TB IBM System X 15mm 2.5" SATA | <!--Model-->ST91000640NS 81Y9731 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->HL-DT-ST DVDRAM | <!--Model-->GSA T50L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage BD-Rom DVD Rewriter | <!--Model-->CT10N AFCK101 LGE-DMCT10A(B) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 5v 12.7mm fails early |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GT20L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009/2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Hitachi / LG | <!--Model-->GT30N GT32N GT30L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT40N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT50N GT51N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GU70N (HP/Dell), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GUD0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->GTA0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data | <!--Model-->GTC0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 12.7mm 5V 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS | <!--Model-->BU20N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-BU10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS Super Multi DVD Writer | <!--Model-->GUD1N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-GU90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2017 9.5mm 5v 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->Uj870a Uj880 UJ890 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8A0 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic MATSHITA 12.7mm SATA DVD | <!--Model-->UJ8B0 (Asus K53S), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 12.7mm 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8B1 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8C0 UJ8C1 UJ8C2 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.6a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Precision Devices Co Ltd | <!--Model-->UJ8D0, UJ8D1 KCC-REM-PPD-UJ8D1 HP 657534-TC2, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 ok lifeline, |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8E2Q | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8FB | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5a 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Blu-Ray DVD Writer Slimline | <!--Model-->UJ260 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DC-8A2SH, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A3S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A4SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DS-8A5LH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DU-8A6SH (HP) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips and LiteOn | <!--Model-->DS-8A8SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5a 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8A9SH DS8A9SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ABSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ACSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD Philips | <!--Model-->da-8aesh11b, DA-8AESH-24B | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2019 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Pioneer | <!--Model-->DVR-TD09TBG | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc SATA DVD | <!--Model-->AD-7561S, AD-7560S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7 MM |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7585H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm cleaning the laser lens inside the drive with a liquid lens cleaner. Also check the lens carrier slides freely from one extreme to the other inside the drive without sticking |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7580s, AD-7581s, AD-7583s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD7590s, AD-7591s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7700s, AD-7710h, AD-7701H, AD-7703S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7760H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7711H AD-7740H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S208B Ver BB Rev 00 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba TSSTCorp Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S083C Ver C Rev 03 /BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.5a 12.7 mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corp | <!--Model-->TS-L633 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-208FB/BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 12.7mm 5v 1.3a - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} === [https://www.backblaze.com/cloud-storage/resources/hard-drive-test-data SATA Desktop 3.5inch Hard Disks] === Datasheets with the SMR (overlapped packing Shingled Magnetic Recording) and CMR (faster Conventional Magnetic Recording) parts <pre> WD: https://documents.westerndigital.com/content/dam/doc-library/en_us/assets/public/western-digital/product/internal-drives/wd-blue-hdd/product-brief-western-digital-wd-blue-pc-hdd.pdf Seagate: https://www.seagate.com/content/dam/seagate/migrated-assets/www-content/datasheets/pdfs/3-5-barracudaDS1900-14-2007US-en_US.pdf Toshiba: https://storage.toshiba.com/docs/support-docs/P300-SalesSheet_English_Web_r2.pdf </pre> {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Seagate Barracuda 7200.9 | ST3160812AS, ST3160212AS | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 - Capacity: 160 GB - Speed: 7200RPM - Cache: 8 MB - Interface: SATA2 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda LP Green 5400rpm | <!--Model-->ST1000DL002 1TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SkyHawk Surveillance HDD ST4000VX000 Series | <!--Model-->ST4000VX013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Baracuda Compute | <!--Model-->ST500DM009 2F110A-500 / 02PKVY / 2PKVY (500m), | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> - SATA III (6Gb/s) - Format 3.5" - 32MB Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate CMR | <!--Model-->ST1000DM010 ST500DM009 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 2TB SMR | <!--Model-->ST2000DM008 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SMR | <!--Model-->ST8000DM004 ST6000DM003 ST4000DM004 ST3000DM007 ST2000DM005 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD220 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD320 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba P300 CMR | <!--Model-->HDWD130XZSTA HDWD130UZSVA, HDWD120XZSTA HDWD120UZSVA, HDWD110XZSTA HDWD110UZSVA | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2010 | <!--Model-->WD20EARS Green 2TB 5400rpm 64mb cache | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD20EFRX WD40EFRX 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital | <!--Model-->WD4002FFWD | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD80EAAZ WD80EAZZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAZ, WD60EZAZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ, WD20EZAZ - 2TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAX - 4TB, WD60EZAX - 6TB, WD80EZAX - 8TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- |} ==PATA== === IDE Desktop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | M1624TAU | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | IBM | DHEA-38451 | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SP40A2H | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST3160215ACE | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST32122A | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD102AA | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD200 | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Laptop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHV2040AH | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Toshiba | MK2011GAP | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Compaq | CR-594-BCQ | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8322B(CP1) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8484B(AM2A) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | LTN-485 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Creative | CD220E | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Hitachi-LG | GDA-4120B | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | LG | CRD-8400B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Lite-On | LTN486S | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Mitsumi | CRMC-FX4830T | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | CDR-1700B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | DV-5800A | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | ND-2100A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | NR-7900A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Philips | DVD8631 | {{no}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Samsung | SC-148 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SCR-2030 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SM-348B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU601 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU611-25 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Toshiba | SD-M1202 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === IDE Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->H-L Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GCC-4244N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2006 |- | Hitachi-LG | GCCT10N | {{yes}} | {{Maybe|FryingPan WRITE seems to have no problem with data sections (track 1) - combos with audio sections (track 2) white screens aros eventually}} | AspireOS Xenon with 25th Jan 2014 self update kernel |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Philips | SDR089 | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L462C TS-L462D | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | 2005 Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L632H | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Sony | DW-Q58A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Sony Optiarc | AD-7540A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->Optiarc DVD RW AD-7560A IDE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7590A | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} == SCSI == {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} NVMe accepts up to 64,000 queues with up to 64,000 commands each. bmtc1jt7wgr7ox9kc0qpy6mvb7za1ek 4634505 4634504 2026-05-06T19:28:31Z Jeff1138 301139 4634505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ArosNav}} ==Introduction== AROS supports hard disks and optical drives attached to several interfaces: * [[#NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)]] on the pci-e bus * [[#SATA]] aka Serial ATA or AHCI (IDE compatibility mode used in most cases) * IDE (also known as ATA, [[#PATA]] or Parallel ATA) * USB * SCSI limited ==PCI-e== ===NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)=== *Controller and firmware *DRAM better having if heavy workloads but not necessary for gaming *Cache like SLC HMB techniques *NAND (Main storage area with MLC, TLC or QLC versions of varying life expectancy) SSDs, USB flash drive, SD and Micro SD Cards have a limited amount of write cycles, therefore guaranteed to fail randomly and suddenly at any time. All SSDs are prone to corrupt firmware due to poor quality NAND where both the data and the firmware resides. The drive tends to go read only when too many errors occur before complete failure. That is up to 10 years for things like memory cards and USB sticks. In general, unless there is a firmware design issue, cheap materials used, stress like bending or overheating causing cold solder joints, an SSD can last a long time if minimal writing activity takes place but eventually if flash isn't written to, it degrades. Catch 22. Dram and cache are not the same thing. Dram stores the ssds indexes and metadata for faster data retrieval and wear leveling. The cache keeps part of the nand memory as SLC storage which can be written to faster. Basically all ssds will have a dynamic SLC cache where it will decrease as the drive fills up. Cache controller designs that are DRAM less use the internal SRAM cache in the controller to cache the NAND mapping table. It just requires a different mapping table design since SRAM caches are much smaller than DRAM. Ultimately the mapping table is still stored in NAND. General rule of thumb: the cheaper an SSD, the higher the likelihood it uses lower quality flash chips so sudden failing NAND, problematic controller chips (e.g. SandForce), outsourced firmware. Generic brand like old SP, Corsair or Crucial may be recoverable whilst major brands Samsung, Intel and Western Digital are impossible due to firmware encryption and customizations. Recommend sticking with older Silicon Motion or Phison controllers if possible. A ssd isn't good because it has dram or bad because it doesn't. Other things should be taken into account like sustained writes so check the TPU write intensive usage See [https://www.techpowerup.com/ssd-specs/ here] for more information {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="15%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="30%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 to - SM2259XT2 SM2263XT MAS0902 MAP1202 YS9082HP RM1135 RTS5765 PS3111 |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed OEMs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 to date - Realtek RTS5765/66 controller + Micron 96L (B27A) |- | <!--Brand-->Acer Predator GM7 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Acer drives built by Biwin, that also supplies HP, Maxio MAP1602A no DRAM so HMB, YMTC 128L TLC, |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 NVME IM2P33F8, IM2S3168 SSD | <!--Model-->IM2P33F8-512GD | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - industrial 12L 3D TLC NAND flash Supports LDPC ECC, RAID Engine, and SLC Cache End-to-End (E2E) Data Path Protection with Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. DRAMless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG SX8200 Pro M.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ASX8200PNP1TTC | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 NVM Express 1.3 SN2262G later SN2262EN chipset - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 256GB GEN4 x4 NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->SM2P41C3-256GC2 DP/N 0KM1Y6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 consumer |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG GAMMIX S50 Lite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Silicon Motion SM2267XT dramless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG ATOM 50 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Innogrit RainierQX IG5220 |- | <!--Brand-->Adata Legend 710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Legend 900 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Innogrit IG5216 controller, no DRAM so HMB which appears to be the standard - |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin NV7200 PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SM2263XT |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin NV7400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force LE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force Series MP500 MP510 M.2 NVMe PCIe Gen 3 x4 SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 PS5012-E12-27 from Phison, 64-layer TLC Toshiba BiCS flash, may have dram cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 96L QLC - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Elite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E16 and Bics DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Pro XT, PRO LPX, PRO NH PCIe4 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP600ECS Elite, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 DRAMless SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, BiCS6 162L QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Core XT | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison and Bics QLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP700 Pro PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP700PNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P1 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 QLC NAND but a controller with a DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P2 M.2 2280 Gen3 x4 NVM-express | <!--Model-->CT1000P2SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 dram-less Phison PS5013-E13-31 on 96-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 Plus M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->CT1000P3PSSD8 CT2000P3PSSD801 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with Host Memory Buffer HMB tech to use a small bit of system RAM as DRAM cache and Micron 176-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 M.2 nvme SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P3SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron QLC (N48R) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 m.2 nvme PCIe 4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 runs hot - Crucial NVMe with DRAM LPDDR4 and Micron 96L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 some have DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T500 Gen4.0 nvme 2.0 | <!--Model-->CT1000T500SSD8, CT2000T500SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison PS5025-E25 with micron B58R 232-layer 3D TLC NAND and Micron LPDDR4 DRAM cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T700 Gen5 SSD | <!--Model-->CT1000T700SSD3, CT2000T700SSD3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, Micron 232-layer NAND with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P310 M.2 2280 NVMe PCIe Gen4 SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P310SSD801 (2Tb), | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 DRAM-less Phison E27T Micron 232-layer NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T705 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 dramless Phison SSD controller |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 SMI SM2508 SSD controller dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN605 PCIe Gen3 x4 interface, NVMe 1.3 support | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN660 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN760 PCIe Gen4 x4 M.2 NVMe 1.4 interface | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 gets hot |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN870 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 no dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN855 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S500 pro PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 MaxioTech MAP1202A-F1C with YMTC 128L and pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S660 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S880/R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S770 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX550 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN501 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->FIKWOT FN950 FN955 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 MAP1602 (at 1600 MT/s) flash YMTC TLC no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX991 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->FW-FX991-2TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN960 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN970 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Geil ZEN ITH m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->S3-240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus Gen4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash - DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus 10000 PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->HP EX950 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HP FX900 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dram less |- | <!--Brand-->HP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M2 Series NVME M.2 2280 PCIe Gen 3x4 | <!--Model-->INSSD500GM280NM2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Professional TLC E12S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E18 |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Gaming performance Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash |- | <!--Brand-->Inland TD510 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM DDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->intel SSD Pro 7600p Series M.2 80mm 2280 PCIe 3.0 x4, 3D TLC | <!--Model-->SSDPEKKF512GB, SSDPEKKF256G8L, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel 660p m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ssdpeknw010tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 SMI SM2263 controller with 1GB DRAM cache and 1TB of Intel QLC NAND similar to crucial P1 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] 670p | <!--Model-->SSDPEKNU010TZ | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 256 MB DDR3L cache and 12-140 GB SLC-Cache QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Intel P4511 m.2 nvme PCIe3.1 x4 22110 110mm | <!--Model-->SSDPELKX020T8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 very long |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A1000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA1000M8/480G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A2000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA2000M8/250G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston KC3000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] PS5018-E18 PCIe 4.0 x4 NVMe controller and Micron’s 176L TLC NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV1 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model-->SNV1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 entry-level consumer DRAMless Phison E13T or Silicon Motion 4-channel SM2263XT - one brand TLC up to 1Tb and QLC after - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV2 | <!--Model-->SNV2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 entry-level, first SMI SM2267XT or Phison E19T and later SMI SM2269XT or Phison E21T with various flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston FURY Renegade m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] Phison E18 controller, Micron 176L nand and ddr4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV3 | <!--Model-->SNV3S/500G, SNV3S/1000G, SNV3S/2000G, SNV3S/4000G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 entry-level, SMI SM2268XT2 or Phison E27T controller with BiCS6 TLC or QLC flash - dramless so hmb - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG4? M2 2280 NVMe PCIe SSD | <!--Model-->THNSF5512GPUK, THNSN51T02DUK, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 Phison has done custom controller work for Kioxia, and Kioxia has also worked with SMI and InnoGrit (the latter more recently). Kioxia label their controllers as their own but these are largely rebadged. |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG5 for Data Centres | <!--Model-->KXG5 KXG50ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 nanya ddr3 dram? with 64-layer BiCS 3D flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG6 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->KXG60ZNV512G, KXG60ZNV1T02, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 TC58NCP090GSD with DRAM NANYA LPDDR3 and Toshiba BiCS FLASH 96-layer 3D TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> *KBG40ZNS128G, KBG40ZNS256G, KBG40ZNS512G, KBG40ZNS1T02 *KBG40ZNT256G, *KBG40ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - no dram but NVMe's Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. portion of the system's RAM for caching - Toshiba's 96-Layer BiCS FLASH - seems Windows UASP driver and the JMS583 chipset interacts badly with the Kioxia BG4 - early firmware upgrade to prevent overheating hot - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG7 | <!--Model-->KXG70ZNV1T0G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 - might need firmware update on early 2tb 4tb versions - controller with sk hynix dram and tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G2 SSD series PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5012-E12S-32 aka TC58NC1201GST 4-channel controller along with KIOXIA proprietary 96-layer 3D TLC and "MG2h" version has BiCS4.5 which is faster than launch BiCS4 - - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG8 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 TC58NC0L1XGSD with DRAM LPDDR4 and 112-Layer Kioxia BiCS5 TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG5 | <!--Model-->KGB50ZNV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 HMB buffer |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G3 SSD series PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 has hmb, like most dram-less nvmes KIOXIA |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar 1TB SSD M.2 NVME 1.4 Gen3x4 M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->NM610Pro | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM620 *IG5216 (worse?) not great original 96L *MAP1202 YMTC up to 232L, or 176L Micron, TLC for the 1TB | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 a few versions all DRAM-less, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM790 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Maxio MAP1602 no DRAM so HMB with 232-Layer YMTC TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->EQ790 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Maxio MAP1602, no DRAM so HMB, Flash Memory 232-Layer YMTC TLC, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Liteon M.2 NVME 512GB SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->CAZ-51282512-Q11 DP/N 0K64PG | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2200S m.2 nvme 2200 series | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TCK, MTFDHBA512TCK | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 for a time, Micron controller with 64L TLC 3D Nand [https://www.dell.com/support/home/en-uk/drivers/driversdetails?driverid=3jg3g BSOD occurred as CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED] before self applied firmware [https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/downloads/ds119265-nvme-solid-state-drive-firmware-update-utility-for-windows-10-64-bit-thinkpad apparently it is related to the power management that disconnects the Micron SSD] |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2300 m.2 nvme Gen 3 x4 | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TDV P/N M02626-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 3400 M.2 NVME SSD Gen4 | <!--Model-->MTFDKBA512TFH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no cache |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2450 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 E19T |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2600 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison's PS5029-E29T SSD controller with Micron 276-layer G9 QLC NAND in a DRAMless - Adaptive Write Technology (AWT) using various NAND modes (SLC, TLC, and QLC) as a dynamic cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium S270 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium M450 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV2000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico J10 J-10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico D10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico e3500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico O7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P300 m.2 nvme pcie 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot Viper VP4300 Lite M.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2230 Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2140 CS2342 Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk 1T 2280 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 no dram, Memory QLC Intel 144 layer. Chip Realtek |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket Nano 2242 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-2130-512, SB-2280-1TB, SB-Rocket-NVME4-HTSK-2TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 PLUS m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-RKT4P-1TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E1? controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Phison E25 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM951 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZVLV1T | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 950 PRO PM961 M.2 2280 NVMe 1.3 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *MZ-VKW5120 *MZ-VLW2560 MZVLW256HEHP-000L7, MZ-VLW5120, MZ-SLW1T00 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - possibly 512M LPDDR3 Samsung K4E4E324EE-ECCF cache - Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) unit with Samsung 48-layer TLC V-NAND V3 flash Samsung K90MGY8S7M-CCK0 - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 960 Pro SM961 M.2 PCi-e NVMe SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-V6P1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) controller Samsung 48-layer multi-level cell (MLC) V-NAND, pseudo-SLC cache or LPDDR3-1866 Samsung K4E8E304EE-EGCF |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *Rev 0 MZ-VLB256A, MZ-VLB512A, MZ-VLB1T0A, *Rev 0 MZ-VLB2560, MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HAJQ, MZ-VLB1T00, *Rev ? MZ-VLB256B, MZ-VLB512B, MZ-VLB1T0B, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache hybrid SLC Samsung’s TurboWrite - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981a 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HBJQ-000L7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991 NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ2560 MZVLQ256HBJD-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991a NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ256B MZVLQ256HBJD-00BH1, MZ-9LQ256C, MZ-VLQ512B MZVLQ512HBLU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 970 EVO Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Samsung Phoenix on Samsung LPDDR4 dram and 2 Samsung 9x-layer V-NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 EVO Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V8P1T0BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 originally made in Korea ([https://semiconductor.samsung.com/consumer-storage/support/tools/ 2tb firmware issues] with versions starting with 3) and year later Vietnam - DRAM |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9E2T0BW, MZ-V9E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo no DRAM so HMB Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) and Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) - |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM9A1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VL25120 MZVL2512HCJQ, MZVL21T00 MZVL21T0HCLR-00BL2, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 might be OEM variant of the 980 Pro |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM9B1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model--> *2023 MZ9L4256HCJQ-00BD1 MZ-9L4256A, , *2025 MZ-VL42560, MZ-VL45120, MZ-VL421T, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SSD controller is Marvell 88SS1322 Whistler Plus, no DRAM cache and Samsung 128-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO Plus m.2 nvme2.0 | <!--Model-->MZ-V9S2T0BW, MZ-V9S1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo with no DRAM so HMB and Samsung 236-Layer (V8) TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9P2T0BW, MZ-V9P1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 2tb early firmware issue - Samsung Pascal with DRAM LPDDR4 and 176-Layer V-NAND TLC - has had firmware design issues, causing premature failure - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 9100 PRO PCIe Gen5 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 510 G3 x4 nvme | <!--Model--> *ZP1000GM30001, *ZP500GM30021 P/N 2NT308-300, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad early batch - Phison E12 STXYP0160031 on SK Hynix DRAM DDR4 with Kioxia BiCS3 64L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda Q5 | <!--Model-->ZP500CV30001,ZP250CV30001,ZP1000CV30001 P/N 2ZK307-881,ZP2000CV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 PS5013-E13-31 from Phison, no DRAM cache and QLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 515 | <!--Model-->ZP500GV30001,ZP250GV30001,ZP1000GV30001,ZP2000GV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 no dram and qlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate FireCuda 520 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 ×4 NVMe 1.4 | <!--Model-->ZP2000GM30002, ZP1000GM30002, ZP500GM30002 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 520N m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP2000GV3A012, ZP1000GV3A012 and ZP500GV3A012 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP500GM3A013, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5018-E18 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 176L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model-->ZP1000CV3A002, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 540 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD85 m.2 nvme PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 [http://vlo.name:3000/ssdtool/ firmware tools] |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD90 PCIe 4.0 nvme | <!--Model-->SP250GBP44UD9005, SP500GBP44UD9005, SP01KGBP44UD9005, SP02KGBP44UD9005, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron TLC (B47R) but later no name QLC nand instead - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A60 A80 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 various originally an E12 drive with 64L Toshiba NAND, then had variations with E12S and SM2262EN as well as random 64L/96L, now it comes with a MAP1001A controller by Maxio and some YMTC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power US75 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC501 M.2 m.2 NVMe PCIe Gen3 SSD | <!--Model--> *Rev0 HFM256GDHTNG-8510B SSS0L24764, HFM256GDJTNG-8310A, *Rev1 HFM256GDHTNG-8310A SSS0Q68673, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC511 512GB NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->HFM256GDJTNI-82A0A HFM512GDGTNI-82A0A D P/N 0TG8T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix BC711 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model-->HFM001TD3JX013N, HFM512GD3JX013N, HFM256GD3JX013N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 okay but no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix PC711 m.2 2280 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> *HFS001TDE9X073N, HFS512GDE9X073N, HFS256GDE9X073N *HFS001TDE9X080N, HFS512GDE9X080N, HFS256GDE9X081N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC210 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC601 PCIe 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - Cepheus Plus YCN34PTA0FR Controller and 48L TLC Flash, pseudo-SLC cache and LPDDR4-3733 SK Hynix H9HCNNN8KUMLHR-NME dram - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC401 3rd gen PCIe | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Gold P31 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 SK hynix’s proprietary Cepheus controller |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix SK500 Gen 4 (x4) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Platinum P41 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Aries SSD controller with 176-Layer TLC flash - SK hynix LPDDR4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix PC801 PCIe Gen4 x4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->HFS001TEJ9X101N, HFS512GEJ9X101N, HFS256GEJ9X101N, HFS002TEJ9X101N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC901 m.2 nvme PCIe Gen4 2230 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Silicon Motion SM2269XT with no DRAM so HMB buffer cache - SK Hynix 176-layer TLC NAND flash 1TB only - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team | <!--Model-->TM8PS7512G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup MP34 | <!--Model-->MP34 256GB, MP34 512GB, MP34 1TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 good Phison E12 with DRAM NANYA DDR3L and Toshiba BiCS 3 64L TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea A440 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison PS5018-E18 NVMe 1.4 controller and Micron’s 96L TLC with SK hynix 8Gb DDR4 chips but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group TForce Cardea A440 Lite PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 dram-less E27T controller and 162L TLC but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team Z44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team MP44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E21T no DRAM so HMB with 176-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Team MP33Q | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - dramless maxio MAP1202 with TLC (MP33) or QLC (MP33Q) - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group QX GE Pro m.2 nvme PCIe5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 innogit IG5666 with QLC 3D 232L nand with DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force G70 Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 InnoGrit IG5236 (Rainier) with DRAM and NAND YMTC TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea Z540 m.2 nvme PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison E26 controller and 232L TLC and DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE110S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS128GMTE110S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE220S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS2TMTE220S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2230 TS256GMTE300S TS512GMTE300S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND, 1G and 2G get hot |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE400S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 mlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Union Memory (Shenzhen) AM6672 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM6A0 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Verbatim V15000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN720 M.2 2280 NVME PCIE for Data Centers | <!--Model-->SDAQNTW-512G-1001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2021 |- | <!--Brand-->WDC SN520 2230 Gen3 x2 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital ix sn530 M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 industrial sandisk controller and firmware, as well as 96-layer 3D TLC NAND memory that can work in TLC or SLC mode - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN730 Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 M.2 NVME | <!--Model-->SDBPNTY-1T00, SDBPNTY-512G-1012, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 to 2021 DRAM Cache DDR4-2666 CL18 Micron MT40A512M16LY-075:E (D9WFH) with Controller WD 20-82-00705-A2 Triton MP28 and NAND Flash Toshiba BiCS4 60082 512G (Rebranded by SanDisk) TLC 96-layer |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN750 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 64-layer 3D stacked NAND with 3 bits per cell TLC (Triple Level Cell) with 256MB of skhynix DRAM cache for every 250GB |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN850 m.2 nvme Gen4 PHY | <!--Model-->WDS100T1X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Sandisk G2 controller with Micron DDR4 cache - new nCache 4.0 slc cache total dynamic capacity spans one-third (300GB on 1TB) with a small static SLC cache (12GB on 1TB) from the Kioxia BiCS4 96L TLC 96-layer NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN550 Blue M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - various controllers and NANDs |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SN810 NVMe SSD 2280 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 slc cache - laptop oem only no retail version - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN850X | <!--Model-->WDS100T2X0E, WDS200T2X0E, WDS400T2X0E, WDS800T2X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 issues with early ssd firmware and AMD Zen 3 X570 and X670E chipsets - Sandisk A101000291-82 controller with 112-layer TLC and DDR4 DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN570 single-sided M.2 2280 (80mm) PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless - WD/SanDisk SSD controller with BiCS 5 3D NAND TLC 112-layer NAND flash memory - |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Black SN770 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->WDS100T3X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless cache with TLC |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green SN350 m.2 NVMe SSD | <!--Model-->WDS100T3G0C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 DRAM-less cache with SanDisk controller and QLC (quad-level cell) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->WD_BLACK SN750 SE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Phison E19T, dramless |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN740 M.2 (2230) PCIe 4.0 x4 2280 | <!--Model-->SDDQTQD-1T00, SDDPNQD-, SDDPNQD-256G-2006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless with SSD controller WD Sandisk 20-82-10081-A1 Polaris MP16+ with Toshiba BiCS5 112-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN580 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless SanDisk controller with (HMB) and 112-Layer Kioxia TLC (BiCS5) |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN8100 / Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 8100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX 5100 7100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 850X | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Zhitai (Yangtze Memory) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === Mini SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin PCIe 4×2 NVMe 1.3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 GPDwin5 and Oneplayer Superx hybrid - 3D TLC - LGA packaging - V1 slide tray mechanism - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- |} ==SATA== Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI), a programming interface for SATA host controllers. Platforms supporting AHCI may take advantage of performance features such as no master/slave designation for SATA devices — each device is treated as a master — and hardware-assisted native command queuing. AHCI may but not often also provides usability enhancements such as Hot-Plug (Desktop and Mobile Only). AHCI requires appropriate software support (e.g., an AHCI driver) AHCI, the underlying protocol for SATA, only supports one queue with 32 commands. The issue with AHCI is that it's going to take a pile of test hardware just to figure out all the different bugs in all the motherboard chipsets and add-on PCI cards that 'kinda' implement AHCI. Not to mention Silicon Image, which took a very different approach from Intel's AHCI in their SATA controllers. === SATA 7mm 2.5inch SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 240GB Ultimate SU630 2.5" | <!--Model-->ASU630SS-240GQ-R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su650 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU650SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su800 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU800 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI SM2258 controller with Micron 3D TLC NAND but low performance when data fills the SLC cache - slow write speed - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su680 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU680SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS340 Panther | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS350 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M225 SSD 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2009 sata2 3gbp/s |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial C300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 sata3 6gbps - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2011 Marvell 88SS9174-BKK2 processor, 25nm MLC NAND flash and 128MB dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M500 120Gb to 960Gb | <!--Model-->CT250M500SSD1, CT500M500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M550 120G to 1T | <!--Model-->CT250M550SSD1, CT500M550SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX100 | <!--Model-->CT500BX100SSD1, CT1000BX100SSD1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - no dram - Silicon Motion SM2246EN and ATA version ACS-2 - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache Micron controller and nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial MX200 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX300 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dramless cache - Micron ex Tidal controller and TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) bx500 2.5inch | <!--Model-->CT240BX500SSD1, CT480BX500SSD1, CT960BX500SSD1, CT1000BX500SSD1, CT2000BX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SM2258XT 4channel later SM2259XT paired with Micron’s latest 64-Layer 3D TLC flash but dramless SLC cache (part of the tlc flash) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX500 | <!--Model-->CT250MX500SSD1, CT500MX500SSD1, CT1000MX500SSD1, CT2000MX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - dram cache from 256M to 2G - discontinued end of 2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no dram cache, Hynix memory 3dv7-176l 176 layer QLC (one chip), either raymx rm1135, SM2259XT controller or Realtek rts5735dlq |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang ranxiana S102 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101Q 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX815 Standard 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FS810 Ultra 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertec FirestormLite 2.5inch | <!--Model-->S240GHS3-M or SDSSD240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertech | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral V2 Plus 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 520 Series 2.5 inch SATA 6Gb/s 2.5" SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SSDSC2CW240A3, SSDSC2CW480A3, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 LSI SandForce SF2281, Flash Memory Intel Synchronous 25nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro Series 1500 | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BF180A4L SSD0E38417, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel S3610 Series 2.5" 400GB 6GBPS SATA SSD | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BX400G4R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 data center |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD Pro 5400s 512 GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF512H6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3510 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDS2BB400G6, SSDSC2BB480G6R, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3520 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BB800G7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3710 Series 800GB 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BA800G4P, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 server |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 545S Series 256GB 512GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KW256G8X1, SSDSC2KW512G8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] SSD DC S4500 240GB 2.5inch - HP Enterprise | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KB240G7P | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingspec P3-512 P3-1T0 P3-2TO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston SSDNow 300 | <!--Model-->SV300S37A/240G, SV300S37A/120G, SV300S37A/60G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dramless - lsi sandforce SF2281 or JMicron JMF662 controller with Toshiba MLC or Intel MLC |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 120G to 960Gb 2.5inch | <!--Model-->SA400S37/240G SBFK61K1, SA400S37/480G, SA400S37/960G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 half case sized ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - t6 security torx into metal case - dram less - poor write speeds - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia formerly Toshiba HG6 2.5in | <!--Model--> *9.5mm THNSNJ512GBSU, THNSNJ256GBSU, THNSNJ128GBSU *7mm THNSNJ512GCSU THNSNJ512GCSY, THNSNJ256GCSU THNSNJ256GCSY, THNSNJ128GCSU THNSNJ128GCSY | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NS100 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->LNS100-1TRB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - Marvell 88NV1120 Artemis, a DRAM cache is not available and pseudo-SLC. Micron 64-layer TLC NAND flash 4 chips @ 512 Gbit TS7512G181 (Rebranded by Lexar) (256G) - 4 nand flash chips Lexar/TST22T181/ B1924 and one controller: Lexar DM918/NOD43 1907 (512G) - |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NQ100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - DM928 controller which operates without a DRAM buffer. Two 128GB Micron NAND flash chips |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LiteOn | <!--Model-->LCS-128L9S-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 no dram - sata2 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Matrix 256Gb 512GB SATA 2.5in SSD | <!--Model-->MIS512GSDS, MIS256GSDS | <!--Work MSDos-->UP TO 550MB/S | <!--Work GPT-->UP TO 500MB/S | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1100 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TBN-1AR1ZA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1300 2TB 1300 2.5" | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TDL-1AW1ZABHA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 - old sdd - TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Micron RealSSD C400 2.5inch | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK256MAM-1K12 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Mushkin Reactor | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC flash |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac SA500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y-20 Y20 2.5 inch sata SHENZHEN ORICO TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Orico S500-Pro s500pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Origin Storage Inception TLC830 Pro Series 2.5in SATA III SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D tlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P210 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> qlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P220 | <!--Model-->P220S2TB25 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Plextor M6V | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS900 2.5 in sata SSD | <!--Model-->SSD7CS900-480-PB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2311, CS3030 and Pro Elite SSDs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung SM PM | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->PM871a or PM871b? SM/PM = 2-bit or 3-bit MLC. PM = 3-bit MLC = TLC. 8 = generation = 8xx, 7 = model = 850 EVO (in this case), 1 = usage (e.g. 3 = datacenter). a/b = revision or type of flash, the 850 EVO had multiple revisions including at least three types of flash (32L, 48L, 64L) so a = 32/48L, b = 64L. At lower capacities it might use different flash, for example the 256GB SM951 utilizies 2D/planar while the higher capacities use 3D. OEM drives tend to have different, optimized firmware, so performance will not be the same |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE120 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 2.5in sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE5120 P/N MZ7TE512HMHP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-75E120, MZ-75E500 (P/N MZ7LN500) to MZ-75E4T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 Samsung MGX controller (S4LN062X01) up to 500GB capacities whilst Samsung MEX controller (3-core) beyond - Samsung TLC 3D V‐NAND 48 and later 64 layers and possibility of 256MB, 512MB or 1GB LPDDR2-1066 DRAM chip - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 PRO | <!--Model-->MZ-7KE1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN512A P/N MZ7LN512HMJP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM883 1.92TB | <!--Model-->MZ-7LH1T90 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) - 1gb LPDDR4-1866 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76E1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 QVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76Q1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 QVO 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN56F, MZ-77E1T0 P/N MZ7L31TOHBLB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 beware of bad batch early death - uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871b | <!--Model-->MZ7LN256HCHP-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra 3D/Extreme Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 SandForce SF-2281 dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDHP-256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell SS889175 processor with SanDisk's 19nm NAND and 128MB Samsung DDR2 DRAM chip |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Marvell 88SS9188 Marvell 88SS9187 with SanDisk 64Gbit 19nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDA-240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 pseudo SLC cache dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z400s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - Silicon Motion SM2246XT DRAM-less - budget end of market - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 4 NAND packages and marvell controller 88ss1074 on blue pcb - 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate BarraCuda Q1 SSD | <!--Model-->ZA240CV10001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 dramless A55 started with the Phison S10 but later the S11 i.e. Phison PS3111-S11-13 controller and 96-layer TLC NAND flash memory with a pseudo-SLC cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power Ace A55 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->sk hynix | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 sandforce controller - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SH910A | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Link_A_Media (LAMD) controller with eight 256Gbit H27QEGDVEBLR NAND 20nm hynix MLC - SK hynix H5PS1G83JFA DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->HFS256G32MND-3210A, HFS256G32MND-3312A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - red strip around edges - 8-channel controller SK hynix LM87810AA-A0 with DDR2 buffer chip and four pieces of 16nm hynix MLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SL300 series 2.5in SSD *3110A SL301STD *3210A *3300A *3310A | <!--Model-->HFS500G32TND, HFS256G32TNE, HFS128G32TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC - consumer line red in corners - SK hynix LM878100AA (HFS256G32MND-3312A) later SH87820BB and NAND 16nm hynix TLC - 256mb dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SC3 series 2.5in SSD *N1A0A , , *N1A1A *N1A2A SC308STD, *N2A0A , , SC311STD | <!--Model-->HFS512G32TNF-N2A0A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - red in corners - no dram and no SLC cache - Hynix ex Link_A_Media Devices (LAMD) SH87820BB 2c but poor mixed workload ability MLC - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team EX2 GX2 Elite QX | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP AX2 2.5 Inch SATA III Solid State Drive SSD | <!--Model-->T253A3512G0C101, T253A3001T0C101, T253A3002T0C101, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 3D NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup TF Vulcan Z 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dramless smi2259xt 128L tlc nand - |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup T-Force Vulcan ZQLC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram-less smi2259xt qlc 144L nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Topesel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend 220S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS120GSSD220S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 3D TLC without dram |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend SSD230S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS256GSSD230S TS512GSSD230S TS1TSSD230S TS2TSSD230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Viathan | <!--Model-->S001T3V | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red SA500 NAS | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 250Gb to 4Tb | <!--Model-->WDS400T3B0A WDS200T3B0A WDS100T3B0A WDS500G3B0A WDS250G3B0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SSD 2.5" | <!--Model-->WDS240G1G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green 200Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T2G0A WDS100T3G0A WDS480G2G0A WDS240G2G0A WDS120G2G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - cheap and slow ssd - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SA530 | <!--Model-->SDASB8Y-256G SD9SB8W, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.xray-disk.com xraydisk] 2.5 inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> from the manufacturer only - Phsion/SMI(2258XT)/Realtek/Yeestor |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Xum | <!--Model-->hx256gssdsata3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y3000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCie 3.0 |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y7000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCIe 4.0 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === SATA M.2 (M and B key) === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 2280 Sata | <!--Model-->AXNS381E-128GM-B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S201 m.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->S201 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN203 m.2 sata (oldtan, twipps, teexin aka Shenzhen Pingfan "Ordinary" Road Technology Co., Ltd) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 lifespan not long Maxio MAP + YMTC 128L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Foresee (Shenzhen Longsys) | <!--Model-->YSM80CD-128G YSDE128G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 88nv1120-bt22 T3WU030 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 2242 120G | <!--Model-->INSSD120GM242 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->INSSD256GM.26M2280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 256GB/512GB/1TB/2TB | <!--Model-->INSSD1TM280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 netac rebrand - no dram cache - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro ‎545S 2280 | <!--Model-->SSDSCKKF256G8H | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> no dram, TLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intenso M.2 internalSSD SATA III 1 TB | <!--Model-->Top | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 m.2 | <!--Model-->SA400M8/240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 entry level ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model-->RBU-SNS8350DES3128GP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston V300 | <!--Model-->SV300S3505AG | <!--Work MSDos-->{{yes}} | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Nightly Build 2014-09-18 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON SATA 128GB | <!--Model-->CV3-8D128-11 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON | <!--Model-->CV1-8B256-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lite-On | <!--Model-->L8H-256V2G-HP L8H-128V2G-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 2016 nanya nt5c864m16fp-dh |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LSI | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 SF37000 controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model-->M550 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron M600 enterprise m.2 sata up to 512GB | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256MBF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller, DRAM chip 256MB 533MHz LPDDR2, NAND for the 256GB drive MT29F1T08CQCCBG2-10:C 16nm MLC NAND each 128GB package |- | <!--Brand-->MICRON 1100 M.2 SATA 6Gb/s 2280 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256TBN HP P/N 903109-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y20M-2242 | <!--Model-->Y20M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM841 M.2 sata3 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-NTD2560/0L9 MZNTD256HAGL-000L9 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung CM871 Rev 0 | <!--Model-->MZNLF128HCHP-000H1 MZ-NLF1280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a m.2 Sata | <!--Model-->MZNLN256HMHQ, NLN512A P/N MZNLN512HMJP-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM871b | <!--Model-->MZNLN128HAHQ-000H1, MZNLN256HAJQ MZ-NLN256F MZ-NLN256C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM881 | <!--Model-->MZ-NLH1280 MZNLH128HBHQ-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X300 M.2 sata 2280 80mm SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD7SN6S-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk X400 SSD M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->SD8SN8U-128G-1006, SD8SN8U-256G-1006, SD8SN8U-512-1006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 SSD controller Marvell 88SS1074 four channel supports variety of NAND and up to 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X600 M.2 SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD9SN8W-128G-1006 SD9TN8W-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SANDISK X110 DELL 6T4HK M.2 2260 | <!--Model-->SD6SP1M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->SC308M280S HFS128G39TND | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 SH87820BB controller - No dram buffer - multi-level cell (MLC) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC311 HFS256G39TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC401 HFS256G39TNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->A55 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP Team MS30 SSD M.2 Sata 2280 | <!--Model-->TM8PS7001T0C101 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba RC100 (retail version of BG3) | <!--Model-->KBG30ZMV256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba HG6 m.2 | <!--Model-->THNSNJ512GDNU THNSNJ512G8NY, THNSNJ256GDNU THNSNJ256G8NY, THNSNJ128GDNU THNSNJ128G8NY, THNSNJ256GVNU THNSNJ128GVNU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA SSD M.2 2280 256GB | <!--Model-->KSG50ZMV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 | <!--Model-->KSG60ZMG256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->400 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS32GMTS400S TS64GMTS400S TS128GMTS400S | <!--Model-->400S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> DDR3 dram cache and mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->M.2 SSD 600 (2260), M.2 SSD 800S (2280) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS120GMTS420S TS240GMTS420S TS480GMTS420S | <!--Model-->420S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> can run hot slc cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS256GMTS430S TS512GMTS430S | <!--Model-->430S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache - 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS120GMTS820S TS240GMTS820S TS960GMTS820S | <!--Model-->820S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS256GMTS830S TS512GMTS830S TS1TMTS830S TS4TMTS830S | <!--Model-->830S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 120GB to 480Gb | <!--Model-->WDS480G2G0B WDS240G2G0B WDS120G2G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 made in malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 240Gb to | <!--Model-->WDS240G3G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 made in |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 M.2 SATA 250Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T3B0B WDS100T3B0B WDS500G3B0B WDS250G3B0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red 500GB 1TB 2TB | <!--Model-->SA500 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM610 m.2 sata | <!--Model-->SSS0R27339, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === mSATA SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fangxiang S301 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingchuxing | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model-->INSSD256GMSA MO-300 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc 3d nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron enterprise | <!--Model-->M600 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico ZH-10 ZH10 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO 1.8in | <!--Model-->MZ-M5E120BW, MZ-M5E250BW, MZ-M5E500BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 1.8" msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MTE256D P/N MZ-MTMTE256HMHP, MZ-MTE1T00, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MM6E250BW, MZ-M6E500BW, MZ-M6E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA370S | <!--Model-->MSA370S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA230S | <!--Model-->230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5inch Laptop Hard Disks === ====7mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP628230-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP552605-01 250Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP693440-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z5K320 Z5K500-500 Z5K100 series * 2013 HTS545050A7E380 HTS * 2015 HTS545050A7E680 HTS | <!--Model-->HTS 320GB 500Gb 1Tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z7K320 Z7K500 series | <!--Model-->HTS725050A7E630 320Gb HTS725050A7E635 500Gb 7200rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> avoid if it does not have the DCM code |- | <!--Brand-->HGST 1T 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HTS541010B7E610 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 128m cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus Thin | <!--Model-->ST500LT012 ST320LT012. ST250LT012 500Gb 320gb 250gb 2014 5.4K rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Thin SSHD 5400RPM Sata 2.5" | <!--Model-->ST500LM000 500GB, ST500LM001, ST500LM020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 up to 64M cache and with 8GB NAND Flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate MomentusThin-B Video 2.5 HDD * 2014 * 2015 * 2016 * 2017 | <!--Model-->ST500VT000 500GB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE Baracuda 2.5 5400 | <!--Model-->ST2000LM015 (2Gb), ST1000LM049 (1Tb), ST500LM030 (500Gb) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda Pro | <!--Model-->ST1000LM048 ST1000LM035 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> up to 128MB cache |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE FireCuda Compute 2.5 | <!--Model-->ST500LX025 ST1000LX015 ST2000LX001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 8GB NAND Commercial Multilevel Cell (cMLC), 128MB buffer and 5400-RPM spindle speed up to 140 MB/s |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 2.5in | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2018 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA MQ01ACF | <!--Model-->MQ01ACF050 500GB 7200rpm 2020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->western digital wd blue 500G 8meg cache 5400rpm * 2014 Rev T0 * 2015 Rev T1 | <!--Model-->wd5000lpvx | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012-2015 sequential 2MB block transfers 110 MB/s reading and writing - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2.5" WD Blue Slim | <!--Model-->WD10SPCX 1TB Nov 2016 | <!--Work MSDos-->{{Yes|hdd under partition table msdos/pc, boots on bios machines, will not on uefi machine}} | <!--Work GPT-->{{Unk|untested hdd under gpt partition protocol scheme, not booting on uefi}} | <!--Tested under-->AROS One 1.8 USB |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD5000LUCX 500Gb 5400rpm 16mb cache Rev Y0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 2017 Malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====9.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHW2040BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 40gig |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHY2080BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 80gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHW2120B | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS541010A9E662 type TS5SAF100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Travelstar 5K500.B-320 | <!--Model-->HTS545025B9SA02 HTS545032B9A300 HTS545040B9A300 HTS545050B9A300 250Gb 320Gb 400Gb 500Gb 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST 1TB 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung bought by Seagate late 2011 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate HD REV A (Jan 2014) | <!--Model-->ST1000LM024 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate 9.5mm * 2013 Rev A HN-M500MBB/I * 2014 Rev B HN-M500MBB/SP4 * 2015 Rev B HN-M500MBB/P4C | <!--Model-->ST500LM012 (500M) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus 5400.3 | <!--Model-->ST9160821AS | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 160gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1t | <!--Model-->ST1000LM014, ST1000LM028, ST1000LM015 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 8g nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1T | <!--Model-->ST1000LX001 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32G nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK2555GSX HDD2H24 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 250g 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK5065GSX - 500GB 5400RPM SATA 3Gb/s 8MB Cache 2.5-Inch | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MKxx59GSXP, eg Toshiba MK6459GSXP 640GB 2011 | <!--Work-->{{yes}} | <!--Tested under-->Icaros 2.2 with uses Advanced Format (AF) in 4,096 bytes per sector. Compatibility with legacy, 512 bytes through AF emulation techniques, called 512e |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2013 to 2016) | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2015 to 2020) *2013 *2014 *2015 AA50/AX0D5A *2016 AA60/AX0E1A * *2017 AGM AA01/AX002V *2018 AGS AA70/AX0G1A *2020 AA71/AX0G1A | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD050 500meg | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2013 | <!--Work-->{{Yes}} | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA | <!--Model-->MQ04ABD200 2TB 5400 RPM 128MB Cache SATA 6.0Gb/s | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD7500BPVX 2013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WESTERN DIGITAL 1TB 2.5" SATA DRIVE 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-80JC3T0 (OCT 2014) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , uses Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->WDC Western Digital Blue 1TB SATA 2.5" Hard Drive 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-08JC3T6 (Jun 2017) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD10JPCX 1Tb | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital * 2019 | <!--Model-->WD10JUCT 1TB (1000GB) 2019 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Scorpio Black * 2010 * 2014 | <!--Model-->WD5000BEKT, WD5000BPKX-22HPJT0, WD5000BPKT, | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 16m cache, 7200rpm thailand then malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Black * 2016 | <!--Model-->WD2500LPLX, WD3200LPLX, WD5000LPLX SMR: WD5000LPSX, WD10SPSX | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32m cache , 7200rpm SATA-III malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5in NON-Laptop Hard Disks === ====11mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu 160GB 250GB 300GB | <!--Model-->MHX2160BT, MHX2250BT, MHX2300BT | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->TP00640GB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====12.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====15mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 1TB IBM System X 15mm 2.5" SATA | <!--Model-->ST91000640NS 81Y9731 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->HL-DT-ST DVDRAM | <!--Model-->GSA T50L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage BD-Rom DVD Rewriter | <!--Model-->CT10N AFCK101 LGE-DMCT10A(B) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 5v 12.7mm fails early |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GT20L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009/2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Hitachi / LG | <!--Model-->GT30N GT32N GT30L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT40N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT50N GT51N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GU70N (HP/Dell), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GUD0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->GTA0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data | <!--Model-->GTC0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 12.7mm 5V 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS | <!--Model-->BU20N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-BU10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS Super Multi DVD Writer | <!--Model-->GUD1N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-GU90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2017 9.5mm 5v 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->Uj870a Uj880 UJ890 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8A0 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic MATSHITA 12.7mm SATA DVD | <!--Model-->UJ8B0 (Asus K53S), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 12.7mm 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8B1 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8C0 UJ8C1 UJ8C2 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.6a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Precision Devices Co Ltd | <!--Model-->UJ8D0, UJ8D1 KCC-REM-PPD-UJ8D1 HP 657534-TC2, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 ok lifeline, |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8E2Q | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8FB | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5a 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Blu-Ray DVD Writer Slimline | <!--Model-->UJ260 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DC-8A2SH, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A3S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A4SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DS-8A5LH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DU-8A6SH (HP) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips and LiteOn | <!--Model-->DS-8A8SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5a 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8A9SH DS8A9SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ABSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ACSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD Philips | <!--Model-->da-8aesh11b, DA-8AESH-24B | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2019 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Pioneer | <!--Model-->DVR-TD09TBG | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc SATA DVD | <!--Model-->AD-7561S, AD-7560S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7 MM |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7585H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm cleaning the laser lens inside the drive with a liquid lens cleaner. Also check the lens carrier slides freely from one extreme to the other inside the drive without sticking |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7580s, AD-7581s, AD-7583s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD7590s, AD-7591s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7700s, AD-7710h, AD-7701H, AD-7703S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7760H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7711H AD-7740H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S208B Ver BB Rev 00 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba TSSTCorp Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S083C Ver C Rev 03 /BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.5a 12.7 mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corp | <!--Model-->TS-L633 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-208FB/BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 12.7mm 5v 1.3a - |- | <!--Brand-->TSST Toshiba Samsung Corp. | <!--Model-->SU-208 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} === [https://www.backblaze.com/cloud-storage/resources/hard-drive-test-data SATA Desktop 3.5inch Hard Disks] === Datasheets with the SMR (overlapped packing Shingled Magnetic Recording) and CMR (faster Conventional Magnetic Recording) parts <pre> WD: https://documents.westerndigital.com/content/dam/doc-library/en_us/assets/public/western-digital/product/internal-drives/wd-blue-hdd/product-brief-western-digital-wd-blue-pc-hdd.pdf Seagate: https://www.seagate.com/content/dam/seagate/migrated-assets/www-content/datasheets/pdfs/3-5-barracudaDS1900-14-2007US-en_US.pdf Toshiba: https://storage.toshiba.com/docs/support-docs/P300-SalesSheet_English_Web_r2.pdf </pre> {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Seagate Barracuda 7200.9 | ST3160812AS, ST3160212AS | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 - Capacity: 160 GB - Speed: 7200RPM - Cache: 8 MB - Interface: SATA2 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda LP Green 5400rpm | <!--Model-->ST1000DL002 1TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SkyHawk Surveillance HDD ST4000VX000 Series | <!--Model-->ST4000VX013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Baracuda Compute | <!--Model-->ST500DM009 2F110A-500 / 02PKVY / 2PKVY (500m), | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> - SATA III (6Gb/s) - Format 3.5" - 32MB Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate CMR | <!--Model-->ST1000DM010 ST500DM009 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 2TB SMR | <!--Model-->ST2000DM008 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SMR | <!--Model-->ST8000DM004 ST6000DM003 ST4000DM004 ST3000DM007 ST2000DM005 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD220 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD320 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba P300 CMR | <!--Model-->HDWD130XZSTA HDWD130UZSVA, HDWD120XZSTA HDWD120UZSVA, HDWD110XZSTA HDWD110UZSVA | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2010 | <!--Model-->WD20EARS Green 2TB 5400rpm 64mb cache | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD20EFRX WD40EFRX 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital | <!--Model-->WD4002FFWD | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD80EAAZ WD80EAZZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAZ, WD60EZAZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ, WD20EZAZ - 2TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAX - 4TB, WD60EZAX - 6TB, WD80EZAX - 8TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- |} ==PATA== === IDE Desktop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | M1624TAU | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | IBM | DHEA-38451 | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SP40A2H | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST3160215ACE | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST32122A | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD102AA | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD200 | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Laptop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHV2040AH | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Toshiba | MK2011GAP | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Compaq | CR-594-BCQ | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8322B(CP1) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8484B(AM2A) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | LTN-485 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Creative | CD220E | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Hitachi-LG | GDA-4120B | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | LG | CRD-8400B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Lite-On | LTN486S | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Mitsumi | CRMC-FX4830T | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | CDR-1700B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | DV-5800A | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | ND-2100A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | NR-7900A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Philips | DVD8631 | {{no}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Samsung | SC-148 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SCR-2030 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SM-348B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU601 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU611-25 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Toshiba | SD-M1202 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === IDE Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->H-L Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GCC-4244N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2006 |- | Hitachi-LG | GCCT10N | {{yes}} | {{Maybe|FryingPan WRITE seems to have no problem with data sections (track 1) - combos with audio sections (track 2) white screens aros eventually}} | AspireOS Xenon with 25th Jan 2014 self update kernel |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Philips | SDR089 | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L462C TS-L462D | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | 2005 Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L632H | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Sony | DW-Q58A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Sony Optiarc | AD-7540A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->Optiarc DVD RW AD-7560A IDE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7590A | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} == SCSI == {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} NVMe accepts up to 64,000 queues with up to 64,000 commands each. q2a39a7vhfe0p0hn3aua340zfarsjgy 4634544 4634505 2026-05-07T08:23:19Z Jeff1138 301139 4634544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ArosNav}} ==Introduction== AROS supports hard disks and optical drives attached to several interfaces: * [[#NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)]] on the pci-e bus * [[#SATA]] aka Serial ATA or AHCI (IDE compatibility mode used in most cases) * IDE (also known as ATA, [[#PATA]] or Parallel ATA) * USB * SCSI limited ==PCI-e== ===NVMe M.2 SSD (M key)=== *Controller and firmware *DRAM better having if heavy workloads but not necessary for gaming *Cache like SLC HMB techniques *NAND (Main storage area with MLC, TLC or QLC versions of varying life expectancy) SSDs, USB flash drive, SD and Micro SD Cards have a limited amount of write cycles, therefore guaranteed to fail randomly and suddenly at any time. All SSDs are prone to corrupt firmware due to poor quality NAND where both the data and the firmware resides. The drive tends to go read only when too many errors occur before complete failure. That is up to 10 years for things like memory cards and USB sticks. In general, unless there is a firmware design issue, cheap materials used, stress like bending or overheating causing cold solder joints, an SSD can last a long time if minimal writing activity takes place but eventually if flash isn't written to, it degrades. Catch 22. Dram and cache are not the same thing. Dram stores the ssds indexes and metadata for faster data retrieval and wear leveling. The cache keeps part of the nand memory as SLC storage which can be written to faster. Basically all ssds will have a dynamic SLC cache where it will decrease as the drive fills up. Cache controller designs that are DRAM less use the internal SRAM cache in the controller to cache the NAND mapping table. It just requires a different mapping table design since SRAM caches are much smaller than DRAM. Ultimately the mapping table is still stored in NAND. General rule of thumb: the cheaper an SSD, the higher the likelihood it uses lower quality flash chips so sudden failing NAND, problematic controller chips (e.g. SandForce), outsourced firmware. Generic brand like old SP, Corsair or Crucial may be recoverable whilst major brands Samsung, Intel and Western Digital are impossible due to firmware encryption and customizations. Recommend sticking with older Silicon Motion or Phison controllers if possible. A ssd isn't good because it has dram or bad because it doesn't. Other things should be taken into account like sustained writes so check the TPU write intensive usage See [https://www.techpowerup.com/ssd-specs/ here] for more information {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="15%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="30%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 to - SM2259XT2 SM2263XT MAS0902 MAP1202 YS9082HP RM1135 RTS5765 PS3111 |- | <!--Brand-->Unnamed OEMs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 to date - Realtek RTS5765/66 controller + Micron 96L (B27A) |- | <!--Brand-->Acer Predator GM7 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Acer drives built by Biwin, that also supplies HP, Maxio MAP1602A no DRAM so HMB, YMTC 128L TLC, |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 NVME IM2P33F8, IM2S3168 SSD | <!--Model-->IM2P33F8-512GD | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - industrial 12L 3D TLC NAND flash Supports LDPC ECC, RAID Engine, and SLC Cache End-to-End (E2E) Data Path Protection with Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. DRAMless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG SX8200 Pro M.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ASX8200PNP1TTC | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 NVM Express 1.3 SN2262G later SN2262EN chipset - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 256GB GEN4 x4 NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->SM2P41C3-256GC2 DP/N 0KM1Y6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 consumer |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG GAMMIX S50 Lite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Silicon Motion SM2267XT dramless |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA XPG ATOM 50 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Innogrit RainierQX IG5220 |- | <!--Brand-->Adata Legend 710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Legend 900 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Innogrit IG5216 controller, no DRAM so HMB which appears to be the standard - |- | <!--Brand-->BiWin NV7200 PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SM2263XT |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin NV7400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force LE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force Series MP500 MP510 M.2 NVMe PCIe Gen 3 x4 SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 PS5012-E12-27 from Phison, 64-layer TLC Toshiba BiCS flash, may have dram cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 96L QLC - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair Force MP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Elite | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E16 and Bics DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Pro XT, PRO LPX, PRO NH PCIe4 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP600ECS Elite, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 DRAMless SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, BiCS6 162L QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP600 Core XT | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison and Bics QLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Corsair MP700 Pro PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model-->CSSD-F1000GBMP700PNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P1 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 QLC NAND but a controller with a DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P2 M.2 2280 Gen3 x4 NVM-express | <!--Model-->CT1000P2SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 dram-less Phison PS5013-E13-31 on 96-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 Plus M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->CT1000P3PSSD8 CT2000P3PSSD801 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with Host Memory Buffer HMB tech to use a small bit of system RAM as DRAM cache and Micron 176-layer QLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P3 M.2 nvme SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P3SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron QLC (N48R) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 m.2 nvme PCIe 4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 runs hot - Crucial NVMe with DRAM LPDDR4 and Micron 96L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P5 Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 some have DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T500 Gen4.0 nvme 2.0 | <!--Model-->CT1000T500SSD8, CT2000T500SSD8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison PS5025-E25 with micron B58R 232-layer 3D TLC NAND and Micron LPDDR4 DRAM cache - beware win update kb5063878 kb5062660 preview - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T700 Gen5 SSD | <!--Model-->CT1000T700SSD3, CT2000T700SSD3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 SSD controller Phison PS5026-E26, Micron 232-layer NAND with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial P310 M.2 2280 NVMe PCIe Gen4 SSD | <!--Model-->CT2000P310SSD801 (2Tb), | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 DRAM-less Phison E27T Micron 232-layer NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T705 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 dramless Phison SSD controller |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial T710 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 SMI SM2508 SSD controller dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN605 PCIe Gen3 x4 interface, NVMe 1.3 support | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN660 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN760 PCIe Gen4 x4 M.2 NVMe 1.4 interface | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 gets hot |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN870 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 no dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca EN855 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Ediloca | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S500 pro PCIe Gen3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 MaxioTech MAP1202A-F1C with YMTC 128L and pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S660 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S880/R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S770 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX550 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN501 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->FIKWOT FN950 FN955 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 MAP1602 (at 1600 MT/s) flash YMTC TLC no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX991 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->FW-FX991-2TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN960 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN970 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Maxio MAP1602 + YMTC 232L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Geil ZEN ITH m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->S3-240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus Gen4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash - DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Gigabyte Aorus 10000 PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->HP EX950 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HP FX900 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dram less |- | <!--Brand-->HP | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M2 Series NVME M.2 2280 PCIe Gen 3x4 | <!--Model-->INSSD500GM280NM2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Professional TLC E12S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E18 |- | <!--Brand-->Inland Gaming performance Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash |- | <!--Brand-->Inland TD510 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM DDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->intel SSD Pro 7600p Series M.2 80mm 2280 PCIe 3.0 x4, 3D TLC | <!--Model-->SSDPEKKF512GB, SSDPEKKF256G8L, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel 660p m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ssdpeknw010tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 SMI SM2263 controller with 1GB DRAM cache and 1TB of Intel QLC NAND similar to crucial P1 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] 670p | <!--Model-->SSDPEKNU010TZ | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 256 MB DDR3L cache and 12-140 GB SLC-Cache QLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Intel P4511 m.2 nvme PCIe3.1 x4 22110 110mm | <!--Model-->SSDPELKX020T8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 very long |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A1000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA1000M8/480G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A2000 NVME PCIE M2 2280 SSD | <!--Model-->SA2000M8/250G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston KC3000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] PS5018-E18 PCIe 4.0 x4 NVMe controller and Micron’s 176L TLC NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV1 m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model-->SNV1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 entry-level consumer DRAMless Phison E13T or Silicon Motion 4-channel SM2263XT - one brand TLC up to 1Tb and QLC after - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV2 | <!--Model-->SNV2 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 entry-level, first SMI SM2267XT or Phison E19T and later SMI SM2269XT or Phison E21T with various flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston FURY Renegade m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 [https://www.kingston.com/en/support/technical/ksm-firmware-update Firmware Rev. EIFK31.7 (07-08-2024) update for] Phison E18 controller, Micron 176L nand and ddr4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston NV3 | <!--Model-->SNV3S/500G, SNV3S/1000G, SNV3S/2000G, SNV3S/4000G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 entry-level, SMI SM2268XT2 or Phison E27T controller with BiCS6 TLC or QLC flash - dramless so hmb - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG4? M2 2280 NVMe PCIe SSD | <!--Model-->THNSF5512GPUK, THNSN51T02DUK, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 Phison has done custom controller work for Kioxia, and Kioxia has also worked with SMI and InnoGrit (the latter more recently). Kioxia label their controllers as their own but these are largely rebadged. |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) XG5 for Data Centres | <!--Model-->KXG5 KXG50ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 nanya ddr3 dram? with 64-layer BiCS 3D flash memory |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG6 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->KXG60ZNV512G, KXG60ZNV1T02, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 TC58NCP090GSD with DRAM NANYA LPDDR3 and Toshiba BiCS FLASH 96-layer 3D TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> *KBG40ZNS128G, KBG40ZNS256G, KBG40ZNS512G, KBG40ZNS1T02 *KBG40ZNT256G, *KBG40ZNV1T02 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - no dram but NVMe's Host Memory Buffer (HMB) i.e. portion of the system's RAM for caching - Toshiba's 96-Layer BiCS FLASH - seems Windows UASP driver and the JMS583 chipset interacts badly with the Kioxia BG4 - early firmware upgrade to prevent overheating hot - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG7 | <!--Model-->KXG70ZNV1T0G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 - might need firmware update on early 2tb 4tb versions - controller with sk hynix dram and tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G2 SSD series PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5012-E12S-32 aka TC58NC1201GST 4-channel controller along with KIOXIA proprietary 96-layer 3D TLC and "MG2h" version has BiCS4.5 which is faster than launch BiCS4 - - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia XG8 OEM m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 TC58NC0L1XGSD with DRAM LPDDR4 and 112-Layer Kioxia BiCS5 TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG5 | <!--Model-->KGB50ZNV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 HMB buffer |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->KIOXIA EXCERIA PLUS G3 SSD series PCIe 4.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 has hmb, like most dram-less nvmes KIOXIA |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar 1TB SSD M.2 NVME 1.4 Gen3x4 M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->NM610Pro | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM620 *IG5216 (worse?) not great original 96L *MAP1202 YMTC up to 232L, or 176L Micron, TLC for the 1TB | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 a few versions all DRAM-less, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NM790 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Maxio MAP1602 no DRAM so HMB with 232-Layer YMTC TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->EQ790 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Maxio MAP1602, no DRAM so HMB, Flash Memory 232-Layer YMTC TLC, |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Liteon M.2 NVME 512GB SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->CAZ-51282512-Q11 DP/N 0K64PG | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2200S m.2 nvme 2200 series | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TCK, MTFDHBA512TCK | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 for a time, Micron controller with 64L TLC 3D Nand [https://www.dell.com/support/home/en-uk/drivers/driversdetails?driverid=3jg3g BSOD occurred as CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED] before self applied firmware [https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/downloads/ds119265-nvme-solid-state-drive-firmware-update-utility-for-windows-10-64-bit-thinkpad apparently it is related to the power management that disconnects the Micron SSD] |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2300 m.2 nvme Gen 3 x4 | <!--Model-->MTFDHBA256TDV P/N M02626-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 3400 M.2 NVME SSD Gen4 | <!--Model-->MTFDKBA512TFH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no cache |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2450 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 E19T |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 2600 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison's PS5029-E29T SSD controller with Micron 276-layer G9 QLC NAND in a DRAMless - Adaptive Write Technology (AWT) using various NAND modes (SLC, TLC, and QLC) as a dynamic cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium S270 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->MSI Spatium M450 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV2000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac NV7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico J10 J-10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico D10 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico e3500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico O7000 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P300 m.2 nvme pcie 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot Viper VP4300 Lite M.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2230 Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2140 CS2342 Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk 1T 2280 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 no dram, Memory QLC Intel 144 layer. Chip Realtek |- | <!--Brand-->Raydisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket Nano 2242 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-2130-512, SB-2280-1TB, SB-Rocket-NVME4-HTSK-2TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E16 controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 4.0 PLUS m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->SB-RKT4P-1TB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E1? controller and TLC flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Sabrent Rocket 5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Phison E25 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM951 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZVLV1T | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 950 PRO PM961 M.2 2280 NVMe 1.3 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *MZ-VKW5120 *MZ-VLW2560 MZVLW256HEHP-000L7, MZ-VLW5120, MZ-SLW1T00 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - possibly 512M LPDDR3 Samsung K4E4E324EE-ECCF cache - Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) unit with Samsung 48-layer TLC V-NAND V3 flash Samsung K90MGY8S7M-CCK0 - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 960 Pro SM961 M.2 PCi-e NVMe SSD 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-V6P1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 Polaris (S4LP077X01-8030) controller Samsung 48-layer multi-level cell (MLC) V-NAND, pseudo-SLC cache or LPDDR3-1866 Samsung K4E8E304EE-EGCF |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> *Rev 0 MZ-VLB256A, MZ-VLB512A, MZ-VLB1T0A, *Rev 0 MZ-VLB2560, MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HAJQ, MZ-VLB1T00, *Rev ? MZ-VLB256B, MZ-VLB512B, MZ-VLB1T0B, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache hybrid SLC Samsung’s TurboWrite - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM981a 2280 PCI-Express 3.0 x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLB5120 P/N MZVLB512HBJQ-000L7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 - tlc flash with SSD controller Samsung Phoenix (S4LR020) - pseudo-SLC cache |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991 NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ2560 MZVLQ256HBJD-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM991a NVMe M.2 SSD 2242 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-VLQ256B MZVLQ256HBJD-00BH1, MZ-9LQ256C, MZ-VLQ512B MZVLQ512HBLU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 970 EVO Plus m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 Samsung Phoenix on Samsung LPDDR4 dram and 2 Samsung 9x-layer V-NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 EVO Plus | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 980 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V8P1T0BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 originally made in Korea ([https://semiconductor.samsung.com/consumer-storage/support/tools/ 2tb firmware issues] with versions starting with 3) and year later Vietnam - DRAM |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9E2T0BW, MZ-V9E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo no DRAM so HMB Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) and Samsung 133-Layer TLC (V6P) - |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM9A1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model-->MZ-VL25120 MZVL2512HCJQ, MZVL21T00 MZVL21T0HCLR-00BL2, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 might be OEM variant of the 980 Pro |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM9B1 SSD M.2 2280 PCIe NVME Gen4x4 | <!--Model--> *2023 MZ9L4256HCJQ-00BD1 MZ-9L4256A, , *2025 MZ-VL42560, MZ-VL45120, MZ-VL421T, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 SSD controller is Marvell 88SS1322 Whistler Plus, no DRAM cache and Samsung 128-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 EVO Plus m.2 nvme2.0 | <!--Model-->MZ-V9S2T0BW, MZ-V9S1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Samsung Piccolo with no DRAM so HMB and Samsung 236-Layer (V8) TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 990 Pro m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->MZ-V9P2T0BW, MZ-V9P1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 2tb early firmware issue - Samsung Pascal with DRAM LPDDR4 and 176-Layer V-NAND TLC - has had firmware design issues, causing premature failure - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 9100 PRO PCIe Gen5 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 510 G3 x4 nvme | <!--Model--> *ZP1000GM30001, *ZP500GM30021 P/N 2NT308-300, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad early batch - Phison E12 STXYP0160031 on SK Hynix DRAM DDR4 with Kioxia BiCS3 64L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda Q5 | <!--Model-->ZP500CV30001,ZP250CV30001,ZP1000CV30001 P/N 2ZK307-881,ZP2000CV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 PS5013-E13-31 from Phison, no DRAM cache and QLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 515 | <!--Model-->ZP500GV30001,ZP250GV30001,ZP1000GV30001,ZP2000GV30001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 no dram and qlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate FireCuda 520 SSD M.2 PCIe Gen4 ×4 NVMe 1.4 | <!--Model-->ZP2000GM30002, ZP1000GM30002, ZP500GM30002 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E16 and Toshiba 96-layer TLC (triple-level cell) BiCS4 NAND flash DDR4 DRAM buffer and TLC-based with SLC-mode cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 520N m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP2000GV3A012, ZP1000GV3A012 and ZP500GV3A012 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->ZP500GM3A013, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison PS5018-E18 on DRAM DDR4 with Micron 176L TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model-->ZP1000CV3A002, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 540 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 Phison E26 on DRAM LPDDR4 with 232-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Firecuda 530R | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD85 m.2 nvme PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 [http://vlo.name:3000/ssdtool/ firmware tools] |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power UD90 PCIe 4.0 nvme | <!--Model-->SP250GBP44UD9005, SP500GBP44UD9005, SP01KGBP44UD9005, SP02KGBP44UD9005, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Phison E21T with no DRAM so HMB and 176-Layer Micron TLC (B47R) but later no name QLC nand instead - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A60 A80 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 various originally an E12 drive with 64L Toshiba NAND, then had variations with E12S and SM2262EN as well as random 64L/96L, now it comes with a MAP1001A controller by Maxio and some YMTC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power US75 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 multiple variants with different NAND flash and/or controller like MAP1602A (F1C F2C uses NVMe 1.4, F3C U uses NVMe 2.0) and 232-layer TLC NAND flash, no dram |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC501 M.2 m.2 NVMe PCIe Gen3 SSD | <!--Model--> *Rev0 HFM256GDHTNG-8510B SSS0L24764, HFM256GDJTNG-8310A, *Rev1 HFM256GDHTNG-8310A SSS0Q68673, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC511 512GB NVMe PCIe M2 2230 SSD | <!--Model-->HFM256GDJTNI-82A0A HFM512GDGTNI-82A0A D P/N 0TG8T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix BC711 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model-->HFM001TD3JX013N, HFM512GD3JX013N, HFM256GD3JX013N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 okay but no dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix PC711 m.2 2280 PCIe Gen3 x4 | <!--Model--> *HFS001TDE9X073N, HFS512GDE9X073N, HFS256GDE9X073N *HFS001TDE9X080N, HFS512GDE9X080N, HFS256GDE9X081N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC210 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC601 PCIe 3.0 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 - Cepheus Plus YCN34PTA0FR Controller and 48L TLC Flash, pseudo-SLC cache and LPDDR4-3733 SK Hynix H9HCNNN8KUMLHR-NME dram - |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix PC401 3rd gen PCIe | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 bad batch early - |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Gold P31 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 SK hynix’s proprietary Cepheus controller |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix SK500 Gen 4 (x4) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 |- | <!--Brand-->SK hynix Platinum P41 m.2 nvme | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 Aries SSD controller with 176-Layer TLC flash - SK hynix LPDDR4 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix PC801 PCIe Gen4 x4 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->HFS001TEJ9X101N, HFS512GEJ9X101N, HFS256GEJ9X101N, HFS002TEJ9X101N | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix BC901 m.2 nvme PCIe Gen4 2230 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 Silicon Motion SM2269XT with no DRAM so HMB buffer cache - SK Hynix 176-layer TLC NAND flash 1TB only - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team | <!--Model-->TM8PS7512G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup MP34 | <!--Model-->MP34 256GB, MP34 512GB, MP34 1TB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 good Phison E12 with DRAM NANYA DDR3L and Toshiba BiCS 3 64L TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea A440 PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison PS5018-E18 NVMe 1.4 controller and Micron’s 96L TLC with SK hynix 8Gb DDR4 chips but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group TForce Cardea A440 Lite PCIe Gen4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 dram-less E27T controller and 162L TLC but not OPAL-compliant AES 256-bit |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team Z44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison’s E19T controller |- | <!--Brand-->teamgroup Team MP44L m.2 nvme pcie | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Phison E21T no DRAM so HMB with 176-Layer Micron TLC |- | <!--Brand-->Team MP33Q | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - dramless maxio MAP1202 with TLC (MP33) or QLC (MP33Q) - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group QX GE Pro m.2 nvme PCIe5 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 innogit IG5666 with QLC 3D 232L nand with DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force G70 Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 InnoGrit IG5236 (Rainier) with DRAM and NAND YMTC TLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Team Group T-Force Cardea Z540 m.2 nvme PCIe 5.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 Phison E26 controller and 232L TLC and DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE110S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS128GMTE110S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE220S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 TS2TMTE220S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE300S PCIe Gen3 x4 M.2 2230 TS256GMTE300S TS512GMTE300S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 3D TLC NAND, 1G and 2G get hot |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend MTE400S | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 mlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TWSC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Union Memory (Shenzhen) AM6672 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM6A0 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Verbatim V15000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN720 M.2 2280 NVME PCIE for Data Centers | <!--Model-->SDAQNTW-512G-1001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2021 |- | <!--Brand-->WDC SN520 2230 Gen3 x2 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 to 2020 |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital ix sn530 M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 industrial sandisk controller and firmware, as well as 96-layer 3D TLC NAND memory that can work in TLC or SLC mode - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN730 Gen3 x4 M.2 2280 M.2 NVME | <!--Model-->SDBPNTY-1T00, SDBPNTY-512G-1012, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 to 2021 DRAM Cache DDR4-2666 CL18 Micron MT40A512M16LY-075:E (D9WFH) with Controller WD 20-82-00705-A2 Triton MP28 and NAND Flash Toshiba BiCS4 60082 512G (Rebranded by SanDisk) TLC 96-layer |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN750 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 64-layer 3D stacked NAND with 3 bits per cell TLC (Triple Level Cell) with 256MB of skhynix DRAM cache for every 250GB |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN850 m.2 nvme Gen4 PHY | <!--Model-->WDS100T1X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 Sandisk G2 controller with Micron DDR4 cache - new nCache 4.0 slc cache total dynamic capacity spans one-third (300GB on 1TB) with a small static SLC cache (12GB on 1TB) from the Kioxia BiCS4 96L TLC 96-layer NAND flash - |- | <!--Brand-->Western digital SN550 Blue M.2 NVME PCIE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - various controllers and NANDs |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SN810 NVMe SSD 2280 Gen4 x4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 slc cache - laptop oem only no retail version - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN850X | <!--Model-->WDS100T2X0E, WDS200T2X0E, WDS400T2X0E, WDS800T2X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 issues with early ssd firmware and AMD Zen 3 X570 and X670E chipsets - Sandisk A101000291-82 controller with 112-layer TLC and DDR4 DRAM cache |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN570 single-sided M.2 2280 (80mm) PCIe 3.0 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless - WD/SanDisk SSD controller with BiCS 5 3D NAND TLC 112-layer NAND flash memory - |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Black SN770 m.2 nvme | <!--Model-->WDS100T3X0E, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless cache with TLC |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green SN350 m.2 NVMe SSD | <!--Model-->WDS100T3G0C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 DRAM-less cache with SanDisk controller and QLC (quad-level cell) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->WD_BLACK SN750 SE | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 controller Phison E19T, dramless |- | <!--Brand-->WD SN740 M.2 (2230) PCIe 4.0 x4 2280 | <!--Model-->SDDQTQD-1T00, SDDPNQD-, SDDPNQD-256G-2006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 dramless with SSD controller WD Sandisk 20-82-10081-A1 Polaris MP16+ with Toshiba BiCS5 112-layer TLC NAND flash |- | <!--Brand-->WD_Blue SN580 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 dramless SanDisk controller with (HMB) and 112-Layer Kioxia TLC (BiCS5) |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SN5000 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Black SN8100 / Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 8100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX 5100 7100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Optimus GX Pro 850X | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2026 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Zhitai (Yangtze Memory) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === Mini SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand-->Biwin PCIe 4×2 NVMe 1.3 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 GPDwin5 and Oneplayer Superx hybrid - 3D TLC - LGA packaging - V1 slide tray mechanism - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2025 |- |} ==SATA== Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI), a programming interface for SATA host controllers. Platforms supporting AHCI may take advantage of performance features such as no master/slave designation for SATA devices — each device is treated as a master — and hardware-assisted native command queuing. AHCI may but not often also provides usability enhancements such as Hot-Plug (Desktop and Mobile Only). AHCI requires appropriate software support (e.g., an AHCI driver) AHCI, the underlying protocol for SATA, only supports one queue with 32 commands. The issue with AHCI is that it's going to take a pile of test hardware just to figure out all the different bugs in all the motherboard chipsets and add-on PCI cards that 'kinda' implement AHCI. Not to mention Silicon Image, which took a very different approach from Intel's AHCI in their SATA controllers. === SATA 7mm 2.5inch SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA 240GB Ultimate SU630 2.5" | <!--Model-->ASU630SS-240GQ-R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su650 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU650SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su800 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU800 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SMI SM2258 controller with Micron 3D TLC NAND but low performance when data fills the SLC cache - slow write speed - |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA Ultimate Su680 2.5in | <!--Model-->ASU680SS240GTR | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS340 Panther | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Apacer AS350 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M225 SSD 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2009 sata2 3gbp/s |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial C300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 sata3 6gbps - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M4 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2011 Marvell 88SS9174-BKK2 processor, 25nm MLC NAND flash and 128MB dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M500 120Gb to 960Gb | <!--Model-->CT250M500SSD1, CT500M500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial M550 120G to 1T | <!--Model-->CT250M550SSD1, CT500M550SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX100 | <!--Model-->CT500BX100SSD1, CT1000BX100SSD1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - no dram - Silicon Motion SM2246EN and ATA version ACS-2 - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache Micron controller and nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial MX200 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) BX300 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dramless cache - Micron ex Tidal controller and TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) bx500 2.5inch | <!--Model-->CT240BX500SSD1, CT480BX500SSD1, CT960BX500SSD1, CT1000BX500SSD1, CT2000BX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 SM2258XT 4channel later SM2259XT paired with Micron’s latest 64-Layer 3D TLC flash but dramless SLC cache (part of the tlc flash) - |- | <!--Brand-->Crucial (Micron) MX500 | <!--Model-->CT250MX500SSD1, CT500MX500SSD1, CT1000MX500SSD1, CT2000MX500SSD1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - dram cache from 256M to 2G - discontinued end of 2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 - no dram cache, Hynix memory 3dv7-176l 176 layer QLC (one chip), either raymx rm1135, SM2259XT controller or Realtek rts5735dlq |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang ranxiana S102 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S101Q 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Fikwot founded in 2018 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FX815 Standard 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FS810 Ultra 2.5inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertec FirestormLite 2.5inch | <!--Model-->S240GHS3-M or SDSSD240GB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hypertech | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral V2 Plus 2.5inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 520 Series 2.5 inch SATA 6Gb/s 2.5" SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SSDSC2CW240A3, SSDSC2CW480A3, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 LSI SandForce SF2281, Flash Memory Intel Synchronous 25nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro Series 1500 | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BF180A4L SSD0E38417, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel S3610 Series 2.5" 400GB 6GBPS SATA SSD | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BX400G4R | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 data center |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD Pro 5400s 512 GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF512H6 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3510 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDS2BB400G6, SSDSC2BB480G6R, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3520 Series MLC 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BB800G7, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD DC S3710 Series 800GB 2.5" | <!--Model-->SSDSC2BA800G4P, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 server |- | <!--Brand-->Intel SSD 545S Series 256GB 512GB | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KW256G8X1, SSDSC2KW512G8 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.solidigm.com/support-page/warranty-rma/ka-00032.html Solidigm formerly Intel] SSD DC S4500 240GB 2.5inch - HP Enterprise | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KB240G7P | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingspec P3-512 P3-1T0 P3-2TO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston SSDNow 300 | <!--Model-->SV300S37A/240G, SV300S37A/120G, SV300S37A/60G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 dramless - lsi sandforce SF2281 or JMicron JMF662 controller with Toshiba MLC or Intel MLC |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 120G to 960Gb 2.5inch | <!--Model-->SA400S37/240G SBFK61K1, SA400S37/480G, SA400S37/960G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 half case sized ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - t6 security torx into metal case - dram less - poor write speeds - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia formerly Toshiba HG6 2.5in | <!--Model--> *9.5mm THNSNJ512GBSU, THNSNJ256GBSU, THNSNJ128GBSU *7mm THNSNJ512GCSU THNSNJ512GCSY, THNSNJ256GCSU THNSNJ256GCSY, THNSNJ128GCSU THNSNJ128GCSY | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - no dram |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NS100 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->LNS100-1TRB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - Marvell 88NV1120 Artemis, a DRAM cache is not available and pseudo-SLC. Micron 64-layer TLC NAND flash 4 chips @ 512 Gbit TS7512G181 (Rebranded by Lexar) (256G) - 4 nand flash chips Lexar/TST22T181/ B1924 and one controller: Lexar DM918/NOD43 1907 (512G) - |- | <!--Brand-->Lexar NQ100 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - DM928 controller which operates without a DRAM buffer. Two 128GB Micron NAND flash chips |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LiteOn | <!--Model-->LCS-128L9S-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 no dram - sata2 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Matrix 256Gb 512GB SATA 2.5in SSD | <!--Model-->MIS512GSDS, MIS256GSDS | <!--Work MSDos-->UP TO 550MB/S | <!--Work GPT-->UP TO 500MB/S | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1100 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TBN-1AR1ZA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron 1300 2TB 1300 2.5" | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK2T0TDL-1AW1ZABHA | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2010 - old sdd - TLC nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Micron RealSSD C400 2.5inch | <!--Model-->MTFDDAK256MAM-1K12 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Mushkin Reactor | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC flash |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Netac SA500 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y-20 Y20 2.5 inch sata SHENZHEN ORICO TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Orico S500-Pro s500pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Origin Storage Inception TLC830 Pro Series 2.5in SATA III SSD | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D tlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P210 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> qlc flash nand - |- | <!--Brand-->Patriot P220 | <!--Model-->P220S2TB25 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> flash nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Plextor M6V | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS900 2.5 in sata SSD | <!--Model-->SSD7CS900-480-PB | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY CS2311, CS3030 and Pro Elite SSDs | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung SM PM | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->PM871a or PM871b? SM/PM = 2-bit or 3-bit MLC. PM = 3-bit MLC = TLC. 8 = generation = 8xx, 7 = model = 850 EVO (in this case), 1 = usage (e.g. 3 = datacenter). a/b = revision or type of flash, the 850 EVO had multiple revisions including at least three types of flash (32L, 48L, 64L) so a = 32/48L, b = 64L. At lower capacities it might use different flash, for example the 256GB SM951 utilizies 2D/planar while the higher capacities use 3D. OEM drives tend to have different, optimized firmware, so performance will not be the same |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE120 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 2.5in sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7TE5120 P/N MZ7TE512HMHP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-75E120, MZ-75E500 (P/N MZ7LN500) to MZ-75E4T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 Samsung MGX controller (S4LN062X01) up to 500GB capacities whilst Samsung MEX controller (3-core) beyond - Samsung TLC 3D V‐NAND 48 and later 64 layers and possibility of 256MB, 512MB or 1GB LPDDR2-1066 DRAM chip - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 PRO | <!--Model-->MZ-7KE1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a 2.5 inch sata | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN512A P/N MZ7LN512HMJP, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM883 1.92TB | <!--Model-->MZ-7LH1T90 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) - 1gb LPDDR4-1866 dram - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76E1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND - Samsung MJX Maru (S4LR030) contoller with no dram as standard - |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO PRO | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 QVO | <!--Model-->MZ-76Q1T0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 used 64-layer QLC V-NAND |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 QVO 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 870 EVO | <!--Model-->MZ-7LN56F, MZ-77E1T0 P/N MZ7L31TOHBLB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 beware of bad batch early death - uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871b | <!--Model-->MZ7LN256HCHP-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2021 uses 9x layer 3D QLC V-NAND (or V-NAND 4-bit MLC Samsung), may have no DRAM cache - Samsung MKX 8-channel controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra 3D/Extreme Pro | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 SandForce SF-2281 dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Ultra Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDHP-256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell SS889175 processor with SanDisk's 19nm NAND and 128MB Samsung DDR2 DRAM chip |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Marvell 88SS9188 Marvell 88SS9187 with SanDisk 64Gbit 19nm MLC - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x300s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Plus | <!--Model-->SDSSDA-240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 pseudo SLC cache dramless |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk Z400s | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - Silicon Motion SM2246XT DRAM-less - budget end of market - |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk x400 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 4 NAND packages and marvell controller 88ss1074 on blue pcb - 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate BarraCuda Q1 SSD | <!--Model-->ZA240CV10001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 dramless A55 started with the Phison S10 but later the S11 i.e. Phison PS3111-S11-13 controller and 96-layer TLC NAND flash memory with a pseudo-SLC cache - |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power Ace A55 2.5in | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand-->sk hynix | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 sandforce controller - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SH910A | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 - Link_A_Media (LAMD) controller with eight 256Gbit H27QEGDVEBLR NAND 20nm hynix MLC - SK hynix H5PS1G83JFA DRAM - |- | <!--Brand-->sk Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->HFS256G32MND-3210A, HFS256G32MND-3312A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 - red strip around edges - 8-channel controller SK hynix LM87810AA-A0 with DDR2 buffer chip and four pieces of 16nm hynix MLC NAND - |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SL300 series 2.5in SSD *3110A SL301STD *3210A *3300A *3310A | <!--Model-->HFS500G32TND, HFS256G32TNE, HFS128G32TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC - consumer line red in corners - SK hynix LM878100AA (HFS256G32MND-3312A) later SH87820BB and NAND 16nm hynix TLC - 256mb dram |- | <!--Brand-->Sk Hynix Canvas SC3 series 2.5in SSD *N1A0A , , *N1A1A *N1A2A SC308STD, *N2A0A , , SC311STD | <!--Model-->HFS512G32TNF-N2A0A, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - red in corners - no dram and no SLC cache - Hynix ex Link_A_Media Devices (LAMD) SH87820BB 2c but poor mixed workload ability MLC - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Team EX2 GX2 Elite QX | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2023 |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP AX2 2.5 Inch SATA III Solid State Drive SSD | <!--Model-->T253A3512G0C101, T253A3001T0C101, T253A3002T0C101, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 3D NAND TLC |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup TF Vulcan Z 2.5in sata | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dramless smi2259xt 128L tlc nand - |- | <!--Brand-->TeamGroup T-Force Vulcan ZQLC | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 dram-less smi2259xt qlc 144L nand - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Topesel | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend 220S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS120GSSD220S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 3D TLC without dram |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend SSD230S 2.5in | <!--Model-->TS256GSSD230S TS512GSSD230S TS1TSSD230S TS2TSSD230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 3D TLC NAND with DRAM Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Viathan | <!--Model-->S001T3V | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red SA500 NAS | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 250Gb to 4Tb | <!--Model-->WDS400T3B0A WDS200T3B0A WDS100T3B0A WDS500G3B0A WDS250G3B0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SSD 2.5" | <!--Model-->WDS240G1G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Green 200Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T2G0A WDS100T3G0A WDS480G2G0A WDS240G2G0A WDS120G2G0A | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 - cheap and slow ssd - |- | <!--Brand-->WD SA530 | <!--Model-->SDASB8Y-256G SD9SB8W, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand-->[https://www.xray-disk.com xraydisk] 2.5 inch | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> from the manufacturer only - Phsion/SMI(2258XT)/Realtek/Yeestor |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Xum | <!--Model-->hx256gssdsata3 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y3000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCie 3.0 |- | <!--Brand-->Yottamaster | <!--Model-->Y7000 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> PCIe 4.0 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === SATA M.2 (M and B key) === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->ADATA M.2 2280 Sata | <!--Model-->AXNS381E-128GM-B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fanxiang S201 m.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->S201 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fikwot FN203 m.2 sata (oldtan, twipps, teexin aka Shenzhen Pingfan "Ordinary" Road Technology Co., Ltd) | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 lifespan not long Maxio MAP + YMTC 128L |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Foresee (Shenzhen Longsys) | <!--Model-->YSM80CD-128G YSDE128G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 - 88nv1120-bt22 T3WU030 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 2242 120G | <!--Model-->INSSD120GM242 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral M.2 2280 | <!--Model-->INSSD256GM.26M2280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Integral 256GB/512GB/1TB/2TB | <!--Model-->INSSD1TM280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 netac rebrand - no dram cache - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intel Pro ‎545S 2280 | <!--Model-->SSDSCKKF256G8H | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> no dram, TLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Intel | <!--Model-->SSDSC2KF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Intenso M.2 internalSSD SATA III 1 TB | <!--Model-->Top | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston A400 m.2 | <!--Model-->SA400M8/240G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 entry level ssd 4 x FH64B08UCT1-60 64G - |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston | <!--Model-->RBU-SNS8350DES3128GP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingston V300 | <!--Model-->SV300S3505AG | <!--Work MSDos-->{{yes}} | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->Nightly Build 2014-09-18 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON SATA 128GB | <!--Model-->CV3-8D128-11 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LITEON | <!--Model-->CV1-8B256-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Lite-On | <!--Model-->L8H-256V2G-HP L8H-128V2G-HP | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 2016 nanya nt5c864m16fp-dh |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->LSI | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 SF37000 controller |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron | <!--Model-->M550 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller |- | <!--Brand-->Micron M600 enterprise m.2 sata up to 512GB | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256MBF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 Marvell 88SS9189 SATA controller, DRAM chip 256MB 533MHz LPDDR2, NAND for the 256GB drive MT29F1T08CQCCBG2-10:C 16nm MLC NAND each 128GB package |- | <!--Brand-->MICRON 1100 M.2 SATA 6Gb/s 2280 | <!--Model-->MTFDDAV256TBN HP P/N 903109-001, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico Y20M-2242 | <!--Model-->Y20M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->Orico | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->202 |- | <!--Brand-->PNY | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM841 M.2 sata3 2280 | <!--Model-->MZ-NTD2560/0L9 MZNTD256HAGL-000L9 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 TLC |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung CM871 Rev 0 | <!--Model-->MZNLF128HCHP-000H1 MZ-NLF1280 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM871a m.2 Sata | <!--Model-->MZNLN256HMHQ, NLN512A P/N MZNLN512HMJP-000H1, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 TLC |- | <!--Brand-->SAMSUNG PM871b | <!--Model-->MZNLN128HAHQ-000H1, MZNLN256HAJQ MZ-NLN256F MZ-NLN256C, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM881 | <!--Model-->MZ-NLH1280 MZNLH128HBHQ-000H1 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X300 M.2 sata 2280 80mm SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD7SN6S-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Sandisk X400 SSD M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->SD8SN8U-128G-1006, SD8SN8U-256G-1006, SD8SN8U-512-1006, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 SSD controller Marvell 88SS1074 four channel supports variety of NAND and up to 512MB DDR3L-1600 Micron DRAM cache - |- | <!--Brand-->SanDisk X600 M.2 SSD Solid State Drive | <!--Model-->SD9SN8W-128G-1006 SD9TN8W-256G-1006 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->SANDISK X110 DELL 6T4HK M.2 2260 | <!--Model-->SD6SP1M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK Hynix SC300 | <!--Model-->SC308M280S HFS128G39TND | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 SH87820BB controller - No dram buffer - multi-level cell (MLC) NAND |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC311 HFS256G39TNF | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->SK HYNIX | <!--Model-->SC401 HFS256G39TNH | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Silicon Power A55 M.2 sata 2280 | <!--Model-->A55 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 - no dram - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TEAMGROUP Team MS30 SSD M.2 Sata 2280 | <!--Model-->TM8PS7001T0C101 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba RC100 (retail version of BG3) | <!--Model-->KBG30ZMV256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba HG6 m.2 | <!--Model-->THNSNJ512GDNU THNSNJ512G8NY, THNSNJ256GDNU THNSNJ256G8NY, THNSNJ128GDNU THNSNJ128G8NY, THNSNJ256GVNU THNSNJ128GVNU, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2018 |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA SSD M.2 2280 256GB | <!--Model-->KSG50ZMV256G | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2019 |- | <!--Brand-->Kioxia (Toshiba) BG6 | <!--Model-->KSG60ZMG256G, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->400 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS32GMTS400S TS64GMTS400S TS128GMTS400S | <!--Model-->400S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> DDR3 dram cache and mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend | <!--Model-->M.2 SSD 600 (2260), M.2 SSD 800S (2280) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> mlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS120GMTS420S TS240GMTS420S TS480GMTS420S | <!--Model-->420S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> can run hot slc cache |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2242 TS256GMTS430S TS512GMTS430S | <!--Model-->430S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache - 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS120GMTS820S TS240GMTS820S TS960GMTS820S | <!--Model-->820S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3D nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend M.2 SSD 2280 TS256GMTS830S TS512GMTS830S TS1TMTS830S TS4TMTS830S | <!--Model-->830S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> dram cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 120GB to 480Gb | <!--Model-->WDS480G2G0B WDS240G2G0B WDS120G2G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2020 made in malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD Green SATA SSD m.2 2280 240Gb to | <!--Model-->WDS240G3G0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2022 made in |- | <!--Brand-->WD Blue SA510 M.2 SATA 250Gb to 2Tb | <!--Model-->WDS200T3B0B WDS100T3B0B WDS500G3B0B WDS250G3B0B | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Red 500GB 1TB 2TB | <!--Model-->SA500 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->union memory AM610 m.2 sata | <!--Model-->SSS0R27339, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === mSATA SSD === {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fangxiang S301 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Kingchuxing | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Integral | <!--Model-->INSSD256GMSA MO-300 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> tlc 3d nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Micron enterprise | <!--Model-->M600 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Orico ZH-10 ZH10 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2024 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 840 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-M | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2015 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 850 EVO 1.8in | <!--Model-->MZ-M5E120BW, MZ-M5E250BW, MZ-M5E500BW, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung PM851 1.8" msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MTE256D P/N MZ-MTMTE256HMHP, MZ-MTE1T00, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2016 |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung 860 EVO 1.8inch msata | <!--Model-->MZ-MM6E250BW, MZ-M6E500BW, MZ-M6E1T0BW | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA370S | <!--Model-->MSA370S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> MLC nand |- | <!--Brand-->Transcend TS64GMSA230S | <!--Model-->230S | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 3d tlc nand |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5inch Laptop Hard Disks === ====7mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP628230-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP552605-01 250Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->CP693440-01 500Gb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z5K320 Z5K500-500 Z5K100 series * 2013 HTS545050A7E380 HTS * 2015 HTS545050A7E680 HTS | <!--Model-->HTS 320GB 500Gb 1Tb | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Z7K320 Z7K500 series | <!--Model-->HTS725050A7E630 320Gb HTS725050A7E635 500Gb 7200rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> avoid if it does not have the DCM code |- | <!--Brand-->HGST 1T 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HTS541010B7E610 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under-->2017 128m cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus Thin | <!--Model-->ST500LT012 ST320LT012. ST250LT012 500Gb 320gb 250gb 2014 5.4K rpm | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Thin SSHD 5400RPM Sata 2.5" | <!--Model-->ST500LM000 500GB, ST500LM001, ST500LM020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2013 up to 64M cache and with 8GB NAND Flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate MomentusThin-B Video 2.5 HDD * 2014 * 2015 * 2016 * 2017 | <!--Model-->ST500VT000 500GB, | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2014 |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE Baracuda 2.5 5400 | <!--Model-->ST2000LM015 (2Gb), ST1000LM049 (1Tb), ST500LM030 (500Gb) | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda Pro | <!--Model-->ST1000LM048 ST1000LM035 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> up to 128MB cache |- | <!--Brand-->SEAGATE FireCuda Compute 2.5 | <!--Model-->ST500LX025 ST1000LX015 ST2000LX001 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 8GB NAND Commercial Multilevel Cell (cMLC), 128MB buffer and 5400-RPM spindle speed up to 140 MB/s |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 2.5in | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2018 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA MQ01ACF | <!--Model-->MQ01ACF050 500GB 7200rpm 2020 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;" | Brand | Model | Work MSDos | Work GPT | Tested Under |- | <!--Brand-->western digital wd blue 500G 8meg cache 5400rpm * 2014 Rev T0 * 2015 Rev T1 | <!--Model-->wd5000lpvx | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under-->2012-2015 sequential 2MB block transfers 110 MB/s reading and writing - |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2.5" WD Blue Slim | <!--Model-->WD10SPCX 1TB Nov 2016 | <!--Work MSDos-->{{Yes|hdd under partition table msdos/pc, boots on bios machines, will not on uefi machine}} | <!--Work GPT-->{{Unk|untested hdd under gpt partition protocol scheme, not booting on uefi}} | <!--Tested under-->AROS One 1.8 USB |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD5000LUCX 500Gb 5400rpm 16mb cache Rev Y0 | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> 2017 Malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====9.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHW2040BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 40gig |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu | <!--Model-->MHY2080BH | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 80gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHW2120B | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST bought by WD mid-2012 5K1000-1000 | <!--Model-->HTS541010A9E662 type TS5SAF100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Travelstar 5K500.B-320 | <!--Model-->HTS545025B9SA02 HTS545032B9A300 HTS545040B9A300 HTS545050B9A300 250Gb 320Gb 400Gb 500Gb 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HGST 1TB 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HTS721010A9E630 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung bought by Seagate late 2011 | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate HD REV A (Jan 2014) | <!--Model-->ST1000LM024 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung Spinpoint with Seagate 9.5mm * 2013 Rev A HN-M500MBB/I * 2014 Rev B HN-M500MBB/SP4 * 2015 Rev B HN-M500MBB/P4C | <!--Model-->ST500LM012 (500M) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Momentus 5400.3 | <!--Model-->ST9160821AS | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 160gig |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1t | <!--Model-->ST1000LM014, ST1000LM028, ST1000LM015 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 8g nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SSHD 1T | <!--Model-->ST1000LX001 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32G nand flash |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK2555GSX HDD2H24 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 250g 5400rpm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MK5065GSX - 500GB 5400RPM SATA 3Gb/s 8MB Cache 2.5-Inch | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MKxx59GSXP, eg Toshiba MK6459GSXP 640GB 2011 | <!--Work-->{{yes}} | <!--Tested under-->Icaros 2.2 with uses Advanced Format (AF) in 4,096 bytes per sector. Compatibility with legacy, 512 bytes through AF emulation techniques, called 512e |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2013 to 2016) | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD100 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba (2015 to 2020) *2013 *2014 *2015 AA50/AX0D5A *2016 AA60/AX0E1A * *2017 AGM AA01/AX002V *2018 AGS AA70/AX0G1A *2020 AA71/AX0G1A | <!--Model-->MQ01ABD050 500meg | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba | <!--Model-->MQ04ABF100 1TB 5400 RPM 2013 | <!--Work-->{{Yes}} | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->TOSHIBA | <!--Model-->MQ04ABD200 2TB 5400 RPM 128MB Cache SATA 6.0Gb/s | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD7500BPVX 2013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WESTERN DIGITAL 1TB 2.5" SATA DRIVE 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-80JC3T0 (OCT 2014) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> , uses Advanced Format (AF) |- | <!--Brand-->WDC Western Digital Blue 1TB SATA 2.5" Hard Drive 5400 rpm, 8MB cache | <!--Model-->WD10JPVX-08JC3T6 (Jun 2017) | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD10JPCX 1Tb | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital * 2019 | <!--Model-->WD10JUCT 1TB (1000GB) 2019 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Scorpio Black * 2010 * 2014 | <!--Model-->WD5000BEKT, WD5000BPKX-22HPJT0, WD5000BPKT, | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 16m cache, 7200rpm thailand then malaysia |- | <!--Brand-->WD Western Digital Black * 2016 | <!--Model-->WD2500LPLX, WD3200LPLX, WD5000LPLX SMR: WD5000LPSX, WD10SPSX | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> 32m cache , 7200rpm SATA-III malaysia |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA 2.5in NON-Laptop Hard Disks === ====11mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Fujitsu 160GB 250GB 300GB | <!--Model-->MHX2160BT, MHX2250BT, MHX2300BT | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->TP00640GB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====12.5mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} ====15mm==== {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 1TB IBM System X 15mm 2.5" SATA | <!--Model-->ST91000640NS 81Y9731 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand-->HL-DT-ST DVDRAM | <!--Model-->GSA T50L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage BD-Rom DVD Rewriter | <!--Model-->CT10N AFCK101 LGE-DMCT10A(B) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 5v 12.7mm fails early |- | <!--Brand-->Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GT20L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009/2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Hitachi / LG | <!--Model-->GT30N GT32N GT30L | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT40N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT50N GT51N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data Storage | <!--Model-->GT90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 5v 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GU70N (HP/Dell), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HL | <!--Model-->GUD0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.8A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model-->GTA0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->HL Data | <!--Model-->GTC0N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 12.7mm 5V 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS | <!--Model-->BU20N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-BU10N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2016 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->HLDS Super Multi DVD Writer | <!--Model-->GUD1N (S05JH) KCC-REM-HLD-GU90N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2017 9.5mm 5v 1.8a - |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->Uj870a Uj880 UJ890 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8A0 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic MATSHITA 12.7mm SATA DVD | <!--Model-->UJ8B0 (Asus K53S), | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 12.7mm 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8B1 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2011 5v 1.5a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8C0 UJ8C1 UJ8C2 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.6a |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Precision Devices Co Ltd | <!--Model-->UJ8D0, UJ8D1 KCC-REM-PPD-UJ8D1 HP 657534-TC2, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2013 ok lifeline, |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8E2Q | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic | <!--Model-->UJ8FB | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5a 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Panasonic Blu-Ray DVD Writer Slimline | <!--Model-->UJ260 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DC-8A2SH, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A3S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DU-8A4SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DS-8A5LH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On DVD-ROM | <!--Model-->DS-8DBSH1148 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 12.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips Lite-On | <!--Model-->DU-8A6SH (HP) | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2015 5v 1.5A 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Philips and LiteOn | <!--Model-->DS-8A8SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5a 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8A9SH DS8A9SH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ABSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD | <!--Model-->DS-8ACSH | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->PLSD Philips | <!--Model-->da-8aesh11b, DA-8AESH-24B | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2019 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Pioneer | <!--Model-->DVR-TD09TBG | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc SATA DVD | <!--Model-->AD-7561S, AD-7560S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7 MM |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7585H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm cleaning the laser lens inside the drive with a liquid lens cleaner. Also check the lens carrier slides freely from one extreme to the other inside the drive without sticking |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7580s, AD-7581s, AD-7583s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD7590s, AD-7591s, | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7700s, AD-7710h, AD-7701H, AD-7703S | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony Optiarc | <!--Model-->AD-7760H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2012 5v 1.5A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7711H AD-7740H | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 12.5mm 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S208B Ver BB Rev 00 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2009 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba TSSTCorp Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-S083C Ver C Rev 03 /BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.5a 12.7 mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corp | <!--Model-->TS-L633 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2010 5v 1.3A 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba Samsung | <!--Model-->SN-208FB/BEBE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 12.7mm 5v 1.3a - |- | <!--Brand-->TSST Toshiba Samsung Corp. | <!--Model-->SU-208 | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2014 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> 9.5mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} === [https://www.backblaze.com/cloud-storage/resources/hard-drive-test-data SATA Desktop 3.5inch Hard Disks] === Datasheets with the SMR (overlapped packing Shingled Magnetic Recording) and CMR (faster Conventional Magnetic Recording) parts <pre> WD: https://documents.westerndigital.com/content/dam/doc-library/en_us/assets/public/western-digital/product/internal-drives/wd-blue-hdd/product-brief-western-digital-wd-blue-pc-hdd.pdf Seagate: https://www.seagate.com/content/dam/seagate/migrated-assets/www-content/datasheets/pdfs/3-5-barracudaDS1900-14-2007US-en_US.pdf Toshiba: https://storage.toshiba.com/docs/support-docs/P300-SalesSheet_English_Web_r2.pdf </pre> {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Seagate Barracuda 7200.9 | ST3160812AS, ST3160212AS | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 - Capacity: 160 GB - Speed: 7200RPM - Cache: 8 MB - Interface: SATA2 |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Barracuda LP Green 5400rpm | <!--Model-->ST1000DL002 1TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SkyHawk Surveillance HDD ST4000VX000 Series | <!--Model-->ST4000VX013 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate Baracuda Compute | <!--Model-->ST500DM009 2F110A-500 / 02PKVY / 2PKVY (500m), | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> - SATA III (6Gb/s) - Format 3.5" - 32MB Cache |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate CMR | <!--Model-->ST1000DM010 ST500DM009 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate 2TB SMR | <!--Model-->ST2000DM008 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate SMR | <!--Model-->ST8000DM004 ST6000DM003 ST4000DM004 ST3000DM007 ST2000DM005 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 5400rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD220 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba 7200rpm | <!--Model-->HDWD320 | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Toshiba P300 CMR | <!--Model-->HDWD130XZSTA HDWD130UZSVA, HDWD120XZSTA HDWD120UZSVA, HDWD110XZSTA HDWD110UZSVA | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital 2010 | <!--Model-->WD20EARS Green 2TB 5400rpm 64mb cache | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital WD | <!--Model-->WD20EFRX WD40EFRX 5400rpm | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital | <!--Model-->WD4002FFWD | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD80EAAZ WD80EAZZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital CMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAZ, WD60EZAZ | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD20EARZ, WD20EZAZ - 2TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Western Digital SMR | <!--Model-->WD40EZAX - 4TB, WD60EZAX - 6TB, WD80EZAX - 8TB | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === SATA Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- |} ==PATA== === IDE Desktop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | M1624TAU | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | IBM | DHEA-38451 | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SP40A2H | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST3160215ACE | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Seagate | ST32122A | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD102AA | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Western Digital | WD200 | {{maybe}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Laptop Hard Disks === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Fujitsu | MHV2040AH | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand-->HGST Hitachi Travelstar | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Samsung | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand-->Seagate | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Toshiba | MK2011GAP | {{yes}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} === IDE Desktop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | Compaq | CR-594-BCQ | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8322B(CP1) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | CRD-8484B(AM2A) | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Compaq | LTN-485 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Creative | CD220E | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Hitachi-LG | GDA-4120B | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | LG | CRD-8400B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Lite-On | LTN486S | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Mitsumi | CRMC-FX4830T | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | CDR-1700B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | DV-5800A | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | ND-2100A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | NEC | NR-7900A | {{yes}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Philips | DVD8631 | {{no}} | {{no}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Samsung | SC-148 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SCR-2030 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Samsung | SM-348B | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU601 | {{yes}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Sony | CDU611-25 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | Toshiba | SD-M1202 | {{no}} | {{n/a}} | Icaros Desktop 1.5.2 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested under--> |} === IDE Laptop Optical Drives === {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Reads ! width="10%" |Writes ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->H-L Hitachi LG | <!--Model-->GCC-4244N | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2006 |- | Hitachi-LG | GCCT10N | {{yes}} | {{Maybe|FryingPan WRITE seems to have no problem with data sections (track 1) - combos with audio sections (track 2) white screens aros eventually}} | AspireOS Xenon with 25th Jan 2014 self update kernel |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Philips | SDR089 | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L462C TS-L462D | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | 2005 Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | TSSTcorp | TS-L632H | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 1.4 |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | Sony | DW-Q58A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | Sony Optiarc | AD-7540A | {{yes}} | {{unk}} | Icaros Desktop 2.2 |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->Optiarc DVD RW AD-7560A IDE | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand-->Sony | <!--Model-->AD-7590A | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution-->2008 12.7mm |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Reads--> | <!--Writes--> | <!--Tested Distribution--> |} == SCSI == {| class="wikitable" width="100%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} {| class="wikitable" width="70%" ! width="20%" |Brand ! width="20%" |Model ! width="10%" |Works MSDos/PC Bios ! width="10%" |Works GPT/UEFI ! width="20%" |Tested Distribution |- | <!--Brand--> | <!--Model--> | <!--Work MSDos--> | <!--Work GPT--> | <!--Tested under--> |- |} NVMe accepts up to 64,000 queues with up to 64,000 commands each. osge769682v14bc6544dkbmu1l9pkua 0 283250 4634601 4353161 2026-05-07T09:39:41Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} <h1> Parallel texts in Ukrainian and English </h1> <h2> [[Ukrainian/Grammar|<< GRAMMAR]] | [[Ukrainian/Index|INDEX]]| [[Ukrainian/Alphabet|ALPHABET >>]] </h2> {{center/end}} {| border=1 width = 100% |- |'''Ukrainian''' |'''English''' |'''Notes''' |- |доброго дня! |Good day! |lit.: good day! |- |доброго вечора! |Good Evening! |lit.: good evening! |- |привіт |hi | |- |да, так |yes | |- |ні |no | |- |Бог |God | |- |спасибі |Thank you |lit.: спаси Бог - God save! |- |будь-ласка! |Thank you! ; You're welcome! |lit.: let-be-grace! |- |до побачення! |Nice to meet you! |lit.: to see-again! |- |люди |people | |- |Київ, Україна |Kyiv, Ukraine | |- |Київ - столиця України. |Kyiv is the capital of Ukraine. |lit.: Kyiv - capital of-Ukraine. |- |чудо |beauty | |- |чудові люди |beautiful people | |- |воля |freedom, will | |- |вільні люди |free people | |- |козаки - вільні люди. |Cossacks are free people. |lit.: Cossacks - free people. |- |Слава Богу, що ми козаки! |Thank God (that) we are cossacks! |lit.: Glory to God, that we - cossacks! |- |Як ваше ім'я? |What is your name? |lit.: How your name? |- |Моє ім'я Іван. |My name is Ivan. |lit.: My name John. |} {{center/top}} <h1> Parallel texts in Ukrainian and English </h1> <h2> [[Ukrainian/Grammar|<< GRAMMAR]] | [[Ukrainian/Index|INDEX]]| [[Ukrainian/Alphabet|ALPHABET >>]] </h2> {{center/end}} {{BookCat}} mzgycds9y5ozxvkkdj3vvohj0fq7p10 0 289203 4634619 4421302 2026-05-07T09:51:52Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Formatting}} {| border="2" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; background: #FF8080; border:#FF0000; margin:auto;" | '''Balaô! Bara Âla Sängö ''' |- | align="center" | <small>''Hello! Welcome to the Sango language wikibook! Here you will learn to speak Sango''</small> |} {{incomplete}} <gallery> File:Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg|Central African Republic(Bêafrîka) </gallery> ''This book does not have enough native or fluent speakers contributing to it - if you are a fluent speaker, please help .'' '''Sango''' (also spelled '''Sangho''') is the primary language spoken in the Central African Republic('''Bêafrîka'''): it has approximately 1,600,000 to 5,000,000 second-language speakers in the early 1970s, but only about 404,000 native speakers, mainly in the towns.{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|Category||<ref name="karan12.3">{{Harvcoltxt|Karan|2006|loc=12.3 Sango: Classification and vocabulary base}}</ref>}} Bêafrîka === <big>Vocabulary + Grammar</big> === * [[Sango/Pronouns|pronouns]] * [[Sango/Verbs|Verbs]] * PREPOSITIONS * Nouns *sango plural *phonology *commonly used phrases * Vocabulary # Colors # Animals # technology == Course == * Level One # Lesson - Saying Hello # Lesson - I Like... # Lesson - What Are You Going To Do? # Lesson - Where Do You Come From? # Lesson - What Time Is It? # Lesson - Meeting People # Lesson - Getting The Groceries # Lesson - My House *Level Two # Whose Is This? # The Weekend # Eating Out *Level Three # description # How to describe a country # how to describe a person # How to tell the position of something # explain the meaning of a word # How to create words by affixes # How to create a neologism words *Level Four example text 1 example text 2 example text 3 example text 4 example text 5 == External links == * http://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A4_nz%C3%B6n%C3%AE <nowiki>sg</nowiki> * http://sango.free.fr/mission_ROS_2005.htm <nowiki>fr</nowiki> '''Learn''' * http://sango.ti.laso.free.fr/accueil_debutants_cours1_2.htm <nowiki>fr</nowiki> * http://sango.free.fr/ <nowiki>sg</nowiki> * http://centrafrique.sango.free.fr/index_uk.htm <nowiki>Vocabulary</nowiki> * http://www.omniglot.com/writing/sango.php '''dictionary''' * http://glosbe.com/sg/ {{wikipedia|Sango}} {{Shelves|Languages of Africa}} {{alphabetical|S}} {{status|0%}} q3usy86pempqev0crgframut867khuw 0 305490 4634588 4413605 2026-05-07T09:27:30Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634588 wikitext text/x-wiki {{center/top}} [[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|75px]] '''<big><big><big>Почта СССР</big></big></big>''' [[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|75px]] {| class="toccolours" style:"margin:auto;" | [[w:Soviet Union stamp catalogue|CPA catalogue]]<br> [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1929|←]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1930|1930]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1931|1931]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1932|1932]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1933|1933]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1934|1934]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1935|1935]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1936|1936]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1937|1937]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1938|1938]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1939|'''<big>1939</big>''']] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1940|→]] |} {{center/end}} {{center/top}} CPA # 653-719 (67 stamps, 14 series) {{center/end}} '''Here complete descriptions of 1939 USSR stamps are given.'''<br /> '''Здесь приведены полные описания почтовых марок СССР 1939 года.''' * All available images of 1939 USSR stamps are on the Wikimedia Commons:<br /> * Все имеющиеся изображения почтовых марок СССР 1939 года находятся на Викискладе:<br /> *[[File:Commons-logo.svg|32px|Wikimedia commons|link=c:]] [[c:Category:Stamps of the Soviet Union, 1939|Stamps of the Soviet Union, 1939]] :* You can also see standard images of 1939 USSR stamps on Wikimedia commons:<br /> :* Типовые изображения почтовых марок СССР 1939 года можно также посмотреть на Викискладе:<br /> :*[[File:Commons-logo.svg|32px|Wikimedia commons|link=c:]] [[c:Каталог ЦФА (1-1000)|Каталог ЦФА (1-1000)]]<br> Attention! The stamps are sorted by CPA (Central Philatelic Agency) catalog numbers, not by dates of their issue!<br /> Внимание! Марки отсортированы по номерам каталога [[w:ru:Союзпечать|ЦФА]], а не по дате выпуска!<br /> The names of stamps and stamp series are made according to all used 7 catalogues.<br /> Названия марок и серий марок составлены по всем используемым 7 каталогам.<br /> The descriptions of stamps are made according to all used 7 catalogues and other specified sources.<br /> Описания марок составлены по всем используемым 7 каталогам и другим указанным источникам.<br /> == 7 CPA ##676-685 (10) The All-Union Agricultural Exhibition (VSKhV) in Moskow, USSR, "New in the Agriculture" == Full design (Полное оформление). {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="center" colspan="3"|'''[[w:VDNKh (Russia)|The All-Union Agricultural Exhibition (VSKhV)]] in [[w:Moscow|Moskow]], [[w:Soviet Union|USSR]], "New in the [[w:Agriculture|Agriculture]]"<ref name="Liapine" />.''' Designer: I.&nbsp;Sokolov and A.&nbsp;Lubimov. Type: [[w:Commemorative stamp|commemorative]]. Text: "ВСЕСОЮЗНАЯ С.-Х. ВЫСТАВКА 1939" (CPA 679 "ВСЕСОЮЗНАЯ СЕЛЬСКО-ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННАЯ ВЫСТАВКА 1939"). <br />Perforation: line 12¼. Paper: ordinary (0.06-0.07&nbsp;mm)<ref name="Liapine" />. Print: photogravure. Size: 26&nbsp;x&nbsp;37&nbsp;mm (23&nbsp;x&nbsp;33&nbsp;mm)<ref name="Natural" /> (CPA 677, 678, 680 horiz. ~). Sheet: 100 (10&nbsp;x&nbsp;10) (CPA 680 10&nbsp;x&nbsp;5 + 10&nbsp;x&nbsp;5 also). Colour, raster, face value and quantities: see the stamps<br /> '''[[w:ru:Выставка достижений народного хозяйства|Всесоюзная сельскохозяйственная выставка (ВСХВ)]] в [[w:ru:Москва|Москве]] "Новое в [[w:ru:Деревня|деревне]]".''' Худ. И.&nbsp;Соколов и А.&nbsp;Любимов. [[w:ru:Коммеморативная марка|Коммеморативные]] |- bgcolor="#FFF0E1" | colspan="3"|Variants of perforation, paper and raster / Варианты перфорации, бумаги и растра |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | align="center"| '''1939.08.01''' | align="left" colspan="2"|Numbers: [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] 591-600; Liapine&nbsp;644-653 [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] 724-733; [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] 699-708; [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] 856-865; [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] 714-723. Codes: Scott 322-323 (2); Michel ll-lu (10), SG 245 (1) |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | #1939.24-7.1<br>[[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 676 stamp (Dairy Farming).jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|'''[[w:Dairy farming|Dairy farming]].''' [[w:Milkmaid|Milkmaid]] with prize<ref name="Scott" /> cow. The [[w:Cattle|сow]] (Bos taurus taurus [[w:Carl Linnaeus|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1758). Additional text: "16 000 ЛТР.". Colour: rose carmine. Raster: horizontal. Face value: 10k. Quantities: 3,000,000 copies.<br />'''[[w:ru:Скотоводство|Молочное скотоводство]].''' [[w:ru:Оператор машинного доения|Доярка]] с коровой-рекордсменкой. [[w:ru:Корова|Корова]] (Bos taurus taurus [[w:Carl Linnaeus|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1758). Розово-карминная |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" |'''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;676'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;591(1) Liapine&nbsp;644 [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;724 (A322) [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;699A (ll) [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;856 (245) [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;714 |- bgcolor="#FFF0E1" align="center" | [[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 676 stamp (Dairy Farming) vert raster cancelled.jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|CPA 676 stamps with raster: vertical |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;676P'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;591(2) Liapine&nbsp;644I [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;--- [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;--- [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;--- [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;--- |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | #1939.25-7.2<br>[[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 677 stamp (Grain Farming).jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|'''[[w:Cereal|Grain farming]].''' [[w:Harvest|Harvesting]]. [[w:Combine harvester|Combine harvester]]. [[w:Common wheat|Common wheat]] (Triticum aestivum [[w:Carl Linnaeus|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1753)<ref name="Chistov" />. Colour: red brown. Raster: vertical. Face value: 15k. Quantities: 3,000,000 copies.<br />'''[[w:ru:Зерновые культуры|Зерновое хозяйство]].''' [[w:ru:Уборка урожая|Уборка урожая]]. [[w:ru:Комбайн|Комбайн]]. [[w:ru:Пшеница мягкая|Пшеница мягкая]] (Triticum aestivum [[w:ru:Линней, Карл|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1753). Красно-коричневая |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;677'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;592(1) Liapine&nbsp;645 [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;725 (A323) [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;700A (lm) [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;857 [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;715 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | #1939.26-7.3<br>[[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 678 stamp (Sheep Farming).jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|'''[[w:Sheep farming|Sheep farming]].''' [[w:Shepherd|Shepherd]] tending sheep. [[w:Sheep|Sheeps]] (Ovis aries [[w:Carl Linnaeus|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1758). Colour: blue black. Raster: horizontal. Face value: 20k. Quantities: 2,000,000 copies.<br />'''[[w:ru:Овцеводство|Овцеводство]].''' [[w:ru:Пастух|Пастух]], пасущий овец. [[w:ru:Овца|Овцы]] (Ovis aries [[w:ru:Линней, Карл|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1758). Сине-черная |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;678'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;593(1) Liapine&nbsp;646 [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;726 (A323) [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;701A (ln) [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;858a [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;716 |- bgcolor="#FFF0E1" align="center" | [[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 678 stamp (Sheep Farming) comb perf.jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|CPA 678 stamps with perforation: comb 11¾&nbsp;:&nbsp;12¼ |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;678A'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;593(1)A Liapine&nbsp;646A [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;--- [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;701C (ln) [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;--- [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;--- |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | #1939.27-7.4<br>[[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 679 stamp (Emblem).jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|'''Agricultural fair emblem: a sculpture group "Tractor Driver and [[w:Kolkhoz|Kolkhoz]] Woman".''' Colour: orange. Raster: vertical. Face value: 30k. Quantities: 3,000,000 copies.<br />'''Эмблема выставки - скульптурная группа "Тракторист и колхозница".''' Оранжевая |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;679'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;595(1) Liapine&nbsp;647 [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;728 (A322) [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;703A (lp) [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;859 [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;718 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | #1939.28-7.5<br>[[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 680 stamp (Central Pavilion).jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|'''Agricultural fair Central Pavilion.''' At the left on a tower there is the agricultural fair emblem (see CPA 679 stamp). Architects: academician of arts [[w:Vladimir Shchuko|V.&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Shchuko]], V.&nbsp;G.&nbsp;Gelfreich и G.(Yu.)&nbsp;V.&nbsp;Shchuko. Colour: violet. Raster: vertical. Face value: 30k. Quantities: 3,000,000 copies.<br />'''[[w:ru:Главный павильон ВДНХ#Старый «Главный павильон» 1939 года|Главный павильон выставки]].''' Слева на башне находится эмблема выставки (см. CPA 679). Архитекторы: академик [[w:ru:Щуко, Владимир Алексеевич|В.&nbsp;А.&nbsp;Щуко]], [[w:ru:Гельфрейх, Владимир Георгиевич|В.&nbsp;Г.&nbsp;Гельфрейх]] и [[w:ru:Щуко, Георгий Владимирович|Г.(Ю.)&nbsp;В.&nbsp;Щуко]]. Сине-лиловая |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;680'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;594(1) Liapine&nbsp;648 [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;727 (A323) [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;702A (lo) [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;860 [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;717 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | #1939.29-7.6<br>[[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 681 stamp (Cotton Farming).jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|'''Cotton farming.''' Gathering cotton in [[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]. [[w:Cotton|Cotton]] ([[w:Gossypium herbaceum|Gossypium herbaceum]] [[w:Carl Linnaeus|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1753). Colour: dark green. Raster: horizontal. Face value: 45k. Quantities: 3,000,000 copies.<br />'''[[w:ru:Хлопководство|Хлопководство]].''' Уборка хлопка в [[w:ru:Узбекистан|Узбекистане]]. [[w:ru:Хлопчатник|Хлопчатник]] (Gossypium herbaceum [[w:ru:Линней, Карл|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1753). Темно-зеленая |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;681'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;596(1) Liapine&nbsp;649 [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;729 (A322) [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;704A (lq) [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;861 [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;719 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | #1939.30-7.7<br>[[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 682 stamp (Horse Breeding).jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|'''[[w:Horse breeding|Horse breeding]].''' Thoroughbred<ref name="Gibbons" /> [[w:Horse|horse]] (Equus ferus caballus [[w:Carl Linnaeus|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1758). Drove of horses. Colour: red brown. Raster: horizontal. Face value: 50k. Quantities: 2,000,000 copies.<br />'''[[w:ru:Коневодство|Коневодство]].''' Породистая [[w:ru:Домашняя лошадь|лошадь]] (Equus ferus caballus [[w:ru:Линней, Карл|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1758). Табун лошадей. Красно-коричневая |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;682'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;597 Liapine&nbsp;650 [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;730 (A322) [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;705A (lr) [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;862 [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;720 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | #1939.31-7.8<br>[[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 683 stamp (Gardening).jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|'''[[w:Gardening|Gardening]].''' "Agricultural Wealth". Colour: violet. Raster: horizontal. Face value: 60k. Quantities: 2,000,000 copies.<br />'''[[w:ru:Садоводство|Садоводство]] и [[w:ru:Огородничество|огородничество]].''' "Богатый урожай". Фиолетовая |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;683'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;598(1) Liapine&nbsp;651 [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;731 (A322) [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;706A (ls) [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;863a [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;721 |- bgcolor="#FFF0E1" align="center" | [[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 683 stamp (Gardening) comb perf.jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|CPA 683 stamps with perforation: comb 12¼&nbsp;:&nbsp;11¾ |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;683A'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;598(1)A Liapine&nbsp;651A [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;--- [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;706C (ls) [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;--- [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;--- |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | #1939.32-7.9<br>[[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 684 stamp (Beet Farming).jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|'''[[w:Beetroot|Beet]] farming.''' [[w:Kolkhoz|Kolkhoz]] girl with sugar beets. [[w:Sugar beet|Sugar beet]] ([[w:Beta vulgaris|Beta vulgaris]] [[w:Carl Linnaeus|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1753, vulgaris vulgaris altissima). Colour: dark lilac. Raster: horizontal. Face value: 80k. Quantities: 2,000,000 copies.<br />'''[[w:ru:Свёкла|Свекло]]водство.''' Колхозница с сахарной свеклой. [[w:ru:Сахарная свёкла|Сахарная свекла]] ([[w:ru:Свёкла обыкновенная|Beta vulgaris]] [[w:ru:Линней, Карл|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1753, vulgaris vulgaris altissima). Темно-лиловая |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;684'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;599(1) Liapine&nbsp;652 [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;732 (A322) [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;707A (lt) [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;864 [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;722 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | #1939.33-7.10<br>[[Image:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 685 stamp (Fur Trade).jpg|150x150px]] | bgcolor="#FFFFF8" align="left"|'''[[w:Fur trade|Fur trade]].''' [[w:Hunting|Hunter]] with [[w:Arctic fox|polar foxes]]<ref name="Scott" /><ref name="Fauna" /> (Alopex lagopus [[w:Carl Linnaeus|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1758). At the left and on the right: above - a [[w:Red squirrel|squirrel]]<ref name="Fauna" /> (Sciurus vulgaris [[w:Carl Linnaeus|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1758), below - a [[w:Sable|sable]]<ref name="Fauna" /> (Martes zibellina [[w:Carl Linnaeus|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1758). Colour: blue. Raster: horizontal. Face value: 1r. Quantities: 1,500,000 copies.<br />'''[[w:ru:Пушной промысел|Пушной промысел]].''' [[w:ru:Охота|Охотник]] с [[w:ru:Песец|песцами]] (Alopex lagopus [[w:ru:Линней, Карл|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1758). Слева и справа: вверху - [[w:ru:Обыкновенная белка|белка]] (Sciurus vulgaris [[w:ru:Линней, Карл|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1758), внизу - [[w:ru:Соболь|соболь]] (Martes zibellina [[w:ru:Линней, Карл|Carl Linnaeus]] (L.), 1758). Синяя |bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]&nbsp;685'''<br />[[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]]&nbsp;600(1) Liapine&nbsp;653 [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]]&nbsp;733 (A322) [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]]&nbsp;708A (lu) [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]]&nbsp;865 [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]]&nbsp;723 |} == Short descriptions / Краткие описания == Full design (Полное оформление).<br /> C - [[w:Commemorative stamp|Commemorative stamp]] ([[w:ru:Коммеморативная марка|Коммеморативная марка]])<br /> D1 - [[w:Definitive stamp|Definitive stamp]] of 1st series ([[w:ru:Стандартная марка|Стандартная марка]] 1-го выпуска)<br /> D3 - [[w:Definitive stamp|Definitive stamp]] of 3rd series ([[w:ru:Стандартная марка|Стандартная марка]] 3-го выпуска)<br /> D5 - [[w:Definitive stamp|Definitive stamp]] of 5th series ([[w:ru:Стандартная марка|Стандартная марка]] 5-го выпуска)<br /> D6 - [[w:Definitive stamp|Definitive stamp]] of 6th series ([[w:ru:Стандартная марка|Стандартная марка]] 6-го выпуска)<br /> === 1 1939.03 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''1 New Moskow, USSR''' (New Moskow)<br /> '''1. Реконструкция Москвы, СССР''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 653 stamp (Gorky Avenue).jpg|#1939.1-1.1]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 10k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Gorky Avenue | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''653''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 566 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 622 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 706 ('''A309''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 665 ('''kq''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 838 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 698 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 654 stamp (Council House).jpg|#1939.2-1.2]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 20k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Council House | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''654''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 567 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 623 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 707 (A309) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 666 ('''kr''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 839 ('''241''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 699 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 655 stamp (Lenin Library).jpg|#1939.3-1.3]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Lenin Library | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''655''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 568 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 624 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 708 (A309) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 667 ('''ks''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 840 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 700 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 656 (Crimea Bridge).jpg|#1939.4-1.4]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 40k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Crimea Bridge | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''656''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 569 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 625 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 709 (A309) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 668 ('''kt''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 841 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 701 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 657 (Moskvoretsky Bridge).jpg|#1939.5-1.5]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 50k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Moskvoretsky Bridge | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''657''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 570 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 626 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 710 (A309) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 669 ('''ku''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 842 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 702 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 658 (Khimki Station).jpg|#1939.6-1.6]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 80k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Khimki Station | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''658''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 571 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 627 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 711 (A309) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 670 ('''kv''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 843 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 703 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 659 (Dynamo Station).jpg|#1939.7-1.7]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1r | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Dynamo Station | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''659''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 572 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 628 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 712 ('''A315''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 671 ('''kw''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 844 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 704 |} === 2 1939.03 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''2 Non-stop Record Women's Flight from Moscow, USSR, to the Soviet Far East by ANT-37 ''Homeland'' Plane (September 24-25, 1938)''' (Women's Flight)<br /> '''2. Беспосадочный рекордный женский перелет Москва - Дальний Восток на самолете "Родина" АНТ-37 (24-25/IX 1938)''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 660 (Paulina Osipenko).jpg|#1939.8-2.1]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Paulina Osipenko | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''660''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 573 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 629 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 718 ('''A318a''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 690 ('''lc''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 845 ('''242''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 705 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 661 (Marina Raskova).jpg|#1939.9-2.2]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Marina Raskova | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''661''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 574 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 630 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 719 ('''A318b''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 691 ('''ld''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 846 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 706 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 662 (Valentina Grizodubova).jpg|#1939.10-2.3]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 60k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Valentina Grizodubova | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''662''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 575 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 631 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 720 (A318b) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 692 ('''le''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 847 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 707 |} === 3 1939.05.13-1940.04 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''3 USSR Participation in the 1939 New York World’s Fair, USA''' (New York World’s Fair)<br /> '''3. Павильон СССР на международной выставке в Нью-Йорке, США, в 1939 г.''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1939.05.13 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 663 (Statue perf).jpg|#1939.11-3.1]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Statue perf | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''663''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 579 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 632 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 714 ('''A317''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 693A ('''lf''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 848 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 709 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1939.05.13 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 664 (Pavilion perf).jpg|#1939.12-3.2]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 50k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Pavilion perf | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''664''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 580I | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 633 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 715 ('''A318''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 694A ('''lg''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 849 ('''243''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 710 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1940.04 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 665 (Statue imperf).jpg|#1939.13-3.3]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Statue imperf | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''665''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 581 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 634 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 714a (A317) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 693B (lf) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | --- | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | --- |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1940.04 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 666 (Pavilion imperf).jpg|#1939.14-3.4]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 50k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Pavilion imperf | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''666''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 582I | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 635 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 715a (A318) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 694B (lg) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | --- | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | --- |} === 4 1939.03-1939.08 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''4 The 5th Series of the Definitive Stamps of the USSR''' (5th Definitive Stamps)<br /> '''4. Пятый стандартный выпуск почтовых марок СССР''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1939.03 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 667 (Foundryman).jpg|#1939.15-4.1]] D5 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Foundryman | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''667''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 576 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 636 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 713 ('''A316''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''678IA'' ('''ky''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 847b ('''242b''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 708 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1939.03 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 668 (Factory Woman).jpg|#1939.16-4.2]] D5 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Factory Woman | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''668''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 577 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 637 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''618'' (A109) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''681IA'' (cdI) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | --- | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''612A'' |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1939.08 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 669 (Arms of USSR).jpg|#1939.17-4.3]] D5 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 60k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Arms of USSR | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''669''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 578 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''664'' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''738'' ('''A335''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''684IVA'' ('''lb''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 847f ('''242e''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''737'' |} === 5 1939.05-1939.11 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''5 The 1st Series of the High Value Definitive Stamps of the USSR with Lenin's Portrait''' (1st Definitive Stamps)<br /> '''5. Первый стандартный выпуск высокономинальных почтовых марок СССР с портретом В.&nbsp;И.&nbsp;Ленина''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1939.05 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 670 (Lenin 3r).jpg|#1939.18-5.1]] D1 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 3r | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Lenin 3r | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''670''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 583I | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 638 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''620'' (A75) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 667 (ay) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 850 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 738 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1939.05 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 671 (Lenin 5r).jpg|#1939.19-5.2]] D1 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 5r | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Lenin 5r | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''671''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 584I | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 639 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''621'' (A66) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 668 (ap) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 851 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 739 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1939.11 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 672 (Lenin 10r).jpg|#1939.20-5.3]] D1 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 10r | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Lenin 10r | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''672''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 585I | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 640 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''622'' (A66) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 669 (ap) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 852 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 740 |} === 6 1939.06.09 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''6 125th Birth Anniversary of Taras G.&nbsp;Shevchenko (1814-1861), Ukrainian Poet and Painter''' (Taras Shevchenko)<br /> '''6. 125-летие со дня рождения украинского народного поэта и художника Т.&nbsp;Г.&nbsp;Шевченко (1814-1861)''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 673 (Early Portrait).jpg|#1939.21-6.1]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Early Portrait | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''673''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 586 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 641 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 721 ('''A319''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 695 ('''lh''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 853 ('''244''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 711 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 674 (Last Portrait).jpg|#1939.22-6.2]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Last Portrait | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''674''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 587 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 642 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 722 (A319) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 696 ('''li''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 854 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 712 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 675 (Monument).jpg|#1939.23-6.3]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 60k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Monument | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''675''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 588 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 643 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 723 ('''A321''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 697 ('''lk''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 855 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 713 |} === 7 1939.08.01 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''7 The All-Union Agricultural Exhibition (VSKhV) in Moskow, USSR, "New in the Agriculture"''' (Agriculture)<br /> '''7. Всесоюзная сельскохозяйственная выставка (ВСХВ) в Москве "Новое в деревне"''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 676 stamp (Dairy Farming).jpg|#1939.24-7.1]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 10k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Dairy Farming | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''676''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 591 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 644 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 724 ('''A322''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 699 ('''ll''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 856 ('''245''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 714 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 677 stamp (Grain Farming).jpg|#1939.25-7.2]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Grain Farming | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''677''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 592 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 645 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 725 ('''A323''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 700 ('''lm''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 857 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 715 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 678 stamp (Sheep Farming).jpg|#1939.26-7.3]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 20k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Sheep Farming | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''678''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 593 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 646 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 726 (A323) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 701 ('''ln''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 858a | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 716 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 679 stamp (Emblem).jpg|#1939.27-7.4]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Emblem | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''679''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''595'' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 647 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''728'' (A322) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''703'' ('''lp''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 859 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''718'' |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 680 stamp (Central Pavilion).jpg|#1939.28-7.5]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Central Pavilion | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''680''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''594'' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 648 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''727'' (A323) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''702'' ('''lo''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 860 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ''717'' |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 681 stamp (Cotton Farming).jpg|#1939.29-7.6]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 45k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Cotton Farming | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''681''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 596 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 649 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 729 (A322) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 704 ('''lq''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 861 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 719 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 682 stamp (Horse Breeding).jpg|#1939.30-7.7]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 50k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Horse Breeding | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''682''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 597 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 650 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 730 (A322) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 705 ('''lr''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 862 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 720 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 683 stamp (Gardening).jpg|#1939.31-7.8]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 60k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Gardening | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''683''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 598 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 651 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 731 (A322) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 706 ('''ls''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 863a | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 721 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 684 stamp (Beet Farming).jpg|#1939.32-7.9]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 80k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Beet Farming | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''684''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 599 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 652 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 732 (A322) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 707 ('''lt''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 864 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 722 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 685 stamp (Fur Trade).jpg|#1939.33-7.10]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1r | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Fur Trade | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''685''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 600 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 653 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 733 (A322) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 708 ('''lu''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 865 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 723 |} === 8 1939.08.08 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''8 Soviet Aviation Day, Aug. 18, 1939''' (Aviation)<br /> '''8. День авиации СССР, 18 августа 1939 г.''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 686 stamp (Glider).jpg|#1939.34-8.1]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 10k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Glider | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''686''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 601 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 654 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | C76 (A282) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 709 (io) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 866 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Aér 66A |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 687 stamp (Parachutists).jpg|#1939.35-8.2]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Parachutists | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''687''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 602 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 655 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | C76A (A285) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 710 (ir) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 867 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Aér 66B |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 688 stamp (Hydroplane).jpg|#1939.36-8.3]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 40k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Hydroplane | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''688''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 603 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 656 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | C76B (A286) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 711 (is) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 868 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Aér 66C |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 689 stamp (Balloon).jpg|#1939.37-8.4]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 50k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Balloon | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''689''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 604 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 657 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | C76C (A287) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 712 (it) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 869 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Aér 66D |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 690 stamp (Plane).jpg|#1939.38-8.5]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1r | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Plane | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''690''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 605 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 658 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | C76D (A289) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 713 (iv) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 870 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Aér 66E |} === 9 1939.08 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''9 The 3rd Series of the Definitive Stamps of the USSR''' (3rd Definitive Stamps) <br /> '''9. Третий стандартный выпуск почтовых марок СССР''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 691 stamp (Kolkhoz Woman).jpg|#1939.39-9.1]] D3 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k on 4k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Kolkhoz Woman | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''691''' (317) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 589 (231) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 659 (296a) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 743 (A97) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 698 (368) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 871 ('''141''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 729 (426) |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 692 stamp (Kolkhoz Woman) surcharge size 11.5.jpg|#1939.40-9.2]] D3 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k on 4k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Kolkhoz Woman | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''692''' (342) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 590 (455) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 660 (521) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 743a (A97) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 698Z (674) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | --- | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 729A (610) |} === 10 1939.08-1956.12 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''10 The 6th Series of the Definitive Stamps of the USSR''' (6th Definitive Stamps)<br /> '''10. Шестой стандартный выпуск почтовых марок СССР''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1939.08 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 693 stamp (Miner).jpg|#1939.41-10.1]] D6 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 5k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Miner | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''693''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 606 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 661 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 734 ('''A331''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 676I ('''kx''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 847a ('''242a''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 734 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1939.09 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 694 stamp (Soldier).jpg|#1939.42-10.2]] D6 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Soldier | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''694''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 607 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 662 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 735 ('''A332''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 679I ('''kz''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 847c ('''242c''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 735 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1939.08 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 695 stamp (Airman).jpg|#1939.43-10.3]] D6 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Airman | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''695''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 608 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 663 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 736 ('''A333''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 682I ('''la''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 847d ('''242d''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 736 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1943.03 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 696 stamp (Arms of USSR).jpg|#1939.44-10.4]] D6 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 60k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Arms of USSR | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''696''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 761 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | A816 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 737 ('''A334''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 855 ('''lb''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | --- | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 737A |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1946.09.06 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 697 stamp (Airman).jpg|#1939.45-10.5]] D6 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Airman | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''697''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 988 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1041 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | --- | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 682III (la) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ??? | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 7?? |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1947.09.03 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 698 stamp (Soldier).jpg|#1939.46-10.6]] D6 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Soldier | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''698''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1055 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1111 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | --- | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 679II (kz) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ??? | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 7?? |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1947.09.03 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 699 stamp (Airman).jpg|#1939.47-10.7]] D6 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Airman | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''699''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1056 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1112 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | --- | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 682II (la) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ??? | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 7?? |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1947.11.03 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 700 stamp (Spassky Tower).jpg|#1939.48-10.8]] D6 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 60k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Spassky Tower | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''700''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1133 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1113 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1161 ('''A658''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1244 ('''abr''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1328 ('''373''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 7?? |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | 1956.12 [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 701 stamp (Miner).jpg|#1939.49-10.9]] D6 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 5k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Miner | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''701''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 1878 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | A1918 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | --- | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 676II (kx) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | ??? | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 7?? |} === 11 1939.09 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''11 50th Death Anniversary of Mikhail E.&nbsp;Saltykov-Shchedrin (N.&nbsp;Shchedrin, 1826-1889), Writer and Satirist''' (Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin)<br /> '''11. 50-летие со дня смерти писателя-сатирика М.&nbsp;Е.&nbsp;Салтыкова-Щедрина (Н.&nbsp;Щедрин, 1826-1889)''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 702 stamp (Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin 15k).jpg|#1939.50-11.1]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''702''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 609 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 665 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 745 ('''A336''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 714 ('''lv''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 872 ('''249''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 730 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 703 stamp (Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin 30k).jpg|#1939.51-11.2]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''703''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 610 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 666 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 746 ('''A337''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 715 ('''lw''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 873 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 731 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 704 stamp (Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin 45k).jpg|#1939.52-11.3]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 45k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin 45k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''704''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 611 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 667 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 747 (A336) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 716 (lv) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 874 ('''249''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 732 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 705 stamp (Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin 60k).jpg|#1939.53-11.4]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 60k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin 60k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''705''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 612 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 668 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 748 (A337) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 717 (lw) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 875 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 733 |} === 12 1939.11 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''12 Caucasian Health Resorts of the USSR''' (Caucasian Health Resorts)<br /> '''12. Курорты СССР на Кавказе''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 706 stamp (Kislovodsk).jpg|#1939.54-12.1]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 5k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Kislovodsk | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''706''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 613 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 669 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 749 ('''A338''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 718 ('''lx''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 876 ('''250''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 741 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 707 stamp (Sochi 10k).jpg|#1939.55-12.2]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 10k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Sochi 10k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''707''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 614 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 670 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 750 (A338) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 719 ('''ly''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 877 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 742 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 708 stamp (Sochi 15k).jpg|#1939.56-12.3]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Sochi 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''708''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 615 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 671 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 751 (A338) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 720 ('''lz''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 878 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 743 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 709 stamp (New Athos).jpg|#1939.57-12.4]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 20k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | New Athos | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''709''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 616 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 672 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 752 (A338) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 721 ('''ma''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 879 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 744 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 710 stamp (Sochi 30k).jpg|#1939.58-12.5]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Sochi 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''710''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 617 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 673 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 753 (A338) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 722 ('''mb''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 880 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 745 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 711 stamp (Sochi 50k).jpg|#1939.59-12.6]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 50k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Sochi 50k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''711''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 618 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 674 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 754 (A338) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 723 ('''mc''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 881 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 746 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 712 stamp (Sukhumi).jpg|#1939.60-12.7]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 60k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Sukhumi | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''712''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 619 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 675 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 755 (A338) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 724 ('''md''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 882 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 747 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 713 stamp (Sochi 80k).jpg|#1939.61-12.8]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 80k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Sochi 80k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''713''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 620 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 676 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 756 (A338) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 725 ('''me''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 883 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 748 |} === 13 1939.12 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''13 125th Birth Anniversary of Mikhail Y.&nbsp;Lermontov (1814-1841), Poet and Novelist''' (Mikhail Lermontov) <br /> '''13. 125-летие со дня рождения поэта и писателя М.&nbsp;Ю.&nbsp;Лермонтова (1814-1841)''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 714 stamp (Mikhail Lermontov in 1837).jpg|#1939.62-13.1]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Mikhail Lermontov in 1837 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''714''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 621 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 677 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 757 ('''A346''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 726 ('''mf''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 884 ('''251''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 752 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 715 stamp (Mikhail Lermontov in 1838).jpg|#1939.63-13.2]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Mikhail Lermontov in 1838 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''715''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 622 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 678 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 758 ('''A347''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 727 ('''mg''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 885 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 753 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 716 stamp (Mikhail Lermontov in 1841).jpg|#1939.64-13.3]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 45k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Mikhail Lermontov in 1841 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''716''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 623 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 679 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 759 ('''A348''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 728 ('''mh''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 886 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 754 |} === 14 1939.12 === {| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#F0FFFF" | align="left" colspan="10"|'''14 50th Death Anniversary of Nikolai G.&nbsp;Chernyshevsky (1828-1889), Writer and Politician''' (Nikolai Chernyshevski) <br /> '''14. 50-летие со дня смерти писателя и литературного критика Н.&nbsp;Г.&nbsp;Чернышевского (1828-1889)''' |- bgcolor="#FFFFE0" align="center" | # | Vol. | Short description | '''[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]]''' | [[w:ru:Стандарт-Коллекция (каталог марок)|SC]] | Liapine | [[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] | [[w:Michel catalog|Michel]] | [[w:Stanley Gibbons catalogue|SG]] | [[w:Yvert et Tellier|Yvert]] |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 717 stamp (Nikolai Chernyshevski 15k).jpg|#1939.65-14.1]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Nikolai Chernyshevski 15k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''717''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 624 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 680 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 760 ('''A349''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 729 ('''mi''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 887b ('''252''') | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 749 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 718 stamp (Nikolai Chernyshevski 30k).jpg|#1939.66-14.2]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Nikolai Chernyshevski 30k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''718''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 625 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 681 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 761 (A349) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 730 (mi) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 888 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 750 |- bgcolor="#E0FFE0" align="center" | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 719 stamp (Nikolai Chernyshevski 60k).jpg|#1939.67-14.3]] C | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 60k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | Nikolai Chernyshevski 60k | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | '''719''' | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 626 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 682 | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 762 (A349) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 731 (mi) | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 889b | bgcolor="#FFFFE0" | 751 |} <br /> == <div style="background-color:#50C878">Nature / Природа</div> == Full design (Полное оформление). === Animals list / Список животных === It is coordinated with Wikimedia Commons (Согласовано с Викискладом) :::::::::* <big><big>'''Phylum / Тип:''' [[w:Chordate|Chordate]] / [[w:ru:Хордовые|Хордовые]] (Chordata)</big></big> :::::::* <big><big>Classis / Класс: [[w:Mammal|Mammal]] / [[w:ru:Млекопитающие|Млекопитающие]] (Mammalia)</big></big> :::::* <big>'''Ordo / Отряд:''' [[w:Even-toed ungulate|Even-toed ungulate]] / [[w:ru:Парнокопытные|Парнокопытные]] (Artiodactyla)</big> :::* <big>Familia / Семейство: [[w:Bovidae|Bovidae]] / [[w:ru:Полорогие|Полорогие]] (Bovidae)</big> :* '''Genus / Род:''' A [[w:Bos|bos]] / [[w:ru:Настоящие быки|Настоящие быки]] (Bos) Species / Вид: The [[w:Cattle|cattle]] / [[w:ru:Дикий бык|Дикий бык]] (Bos taurus)<br /> Subspecies / Подвид: The [[w:Cattle|cattle]] / [[w:ru:Корова|Корова]] (Bos taurus taurus)<br /> ''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] Russia [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 676 stamp (Dairy Farming).jpg|'''724''']]'' :* '''Genus / Род:''' An [[w:Ovis|ovis]] / [[w:ru:Бараны|Бараны]] (Ovis) Species / Вид: The [[w:Sheep|sheep]] / [[w:ru:Овца|Овца]] (Ovis aries)<br /> ''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] Russia [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 678 stamp (Sheep Farming).jpg|'''726''']]'' :::::* <big>'''Ordo / Отряд:''' [[w:Carnivora|Carnivora]] / [[w:ru:Хищные|Хищные]] (Carnivora)</big> :::* <big>Familia / Семейство: [[w:Canidae|Canidae]] / [[w:ru:Псовые|Псовые]] (Canidae)</big> :* '''Genus / Род:''' An [[w:Arctic fox|arctic fox]] / [[w:ru:Песец|Песцы]] (Alopex) Species / Вид: The [[w:Arctic fox|arctic fox]] / [[w:ru:Песец|Песец]] (Alopex lagopus)<br /> ''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] Russia [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 685 stamp (Fur Trade).jpg|'''733''']]'' :::* <big>Familia / Семейство: [[w:Mustelidae|Mustelidae]] / [[w:ru:Куньи|Куньи]] (Mustelidae)</big> :* '''Genus / Род:''' A [[w:Marten|martens]] / [[w:ru:Куницы|Куницы]] (Martes) Species / Вид: The [[w:Sable|sable]] / [[w:ru:Соболь|Соболь]] (Martes zibellina)<br /> ''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] Russia [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 685 stamp (Fur Trade).jpg|'''733''']]'' :::::* <big>'''Ordo / Отряд:''' [[w:Odd-toed ungulate|Odd-toed ungulate]] / [[w:ru:Непарнокопытные|Непарнокопытные]] (Perissodactyla)</big> :::* <big>Familia / Семейство: [[w:Equidae|Horse family]] / [[w:ru:Лошадиные|Лошадиные]] (Equidae)</big> :* '''Genus / Род:''' An [[w:Equus (genus)|equus]] / [[w:ru:Лошади|Лошади]] (Equus) Species / Вид: The [[w:Wild horse|wild horse]] / [[w:ru:Дикая лошадь|Дикая лошадь]] (Equus ferus)<br /> Subspecies / Подвид: The [[w:Horse|horse]] / [[w:ru:Домашняя лошадь|Домашняя лошадь]] (Equus ferus caballus)<br /> ''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] Russia [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 682 stamp (Horse Breeding).jpg|'''730''']]'' :::::* <big>'''Ordo / Отряд:''' [[w:Rodent|Rodents]] / [[w:ru:Грызуны|Грызуны]] (Rodentia)</big> :::* <big>Familia / Семейство: [[w:Squirrel|Squirrels]] / [[w:ru:Беличьи|Беличьи]] (Sciuridae)</big> :* '''Genus / Род:''' A [[w:Sciurus|sciurus]] / [[w:ru:Белка|Белки]] (Sciurus) Species / Вид: The [[w:Red squirrel|squirrel]] / [[w:ru:Обыкновенная белка|Белка]] (Sciurus vulgaris)<br /> ''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] Russia [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 685 stamp (Fur Trade).jpg|'''733''']]'' {| class="standard sortable" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFE0" |- bgcolor="#50C878" ! English name || Russian name || Latin name || #[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]] || #[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] |- | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | The [[w:Cattle|сow]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | [[w:ru:Корова|Корова]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | Bos taurus | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 676 stamp (Dairy Farming).jpg|676]] | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 676 stamp (Dairy Farming).jpg|Russia 724]] |- | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | The [[w:Sheep|sheep]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | [[w:ru:Овца|Овца]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | Ovis aries | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 678 stamp (Sheep Farming).jpg|678]] | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 678 stamp (Sheep Farming).jpg|Russia 726]] |- | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | The [[w:Horse|horse]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | [[w:ru:Домашняя лошадь|Лошадь]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | Equus ferus | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 682 stamp (Horse Breeding).jpg|682]] | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 682 stamp (Horse Breeding).jpg|Russia 730]] |- | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | The [[w:Arctic fox|arctic fox]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | [[w:ru:Песец|Песец]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | Alopex lagopus | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 685 stamp (Fur Trade).jpg|685]] | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 685 stamp (Fur Trade).jpg|Russia 733]] |- | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | The [[w:Red squirrel|squirrel]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | [[w:ru:Обыкновенная белка|Белка]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | Sciurus vulgaris | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 685 stamp (Fur Trade).jpg|685]] | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 685 stamp (Fur Trade).jpg|Russia 733]] |- | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | The [[w:Sable|sable]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | [[w:ru:Соболь|Соболь]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | Martes zibellina | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 685 stamp (Fur Trade).jpg|685]] | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 685 stamp (Fur Trade).jpg|Russia 733]] |} === Plants list / Список растений === It is coordinated with Wikimedia Commons (Согласовано с Викискладом) :::::::::* <big><big>'''Cladus / Клада:''' [[w:Flowering plant|Flowering plant]] / [[w:ru:Цветковые растения|Цветковые растения]] (Angiosperms)</big></big> :::::::* <big><big>Cladus / Клада: [[w:Eudicots|Eudicots]] / [[w:ru:Эвдикоты|Настоящие двудольные]] (Eudicots)</big></big> :::::* <big>'''Ordo / Порядок:''' [[w:Caryophyllales|Caryophyllales]] / [[w:ru:Гвоздичноцветные|Гвоздичноцветные]] (Caryophyllales)</big> :::* <big>Familia / Семейство: [[w:Amaranthaceae|Amaranthaceae]] / [[w:ru:Амарантовые|Амарантовые]] (Amaranthaceae)</big> :* '''Genus / Род:''' A [[w:Beta (plant)|Beta]] / [[w:ru:Свёкла|Свёкла]] (Beta) Species / Вид: The [[w:Sugar beet|Sugar beet]] / [[w:ru:Сахарная свекла|Сахарная свекла]] (Beta vulgaris)<br /> ''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] Russia [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 684 stamp (Beet Farming).jpg|'''732''']]'' :::::* <big>'''Ordo / Порядок:''' [[w:Malvales|Malvales]] / [[w:ru:Мальвоцветные|Мальвоцветные]] (Malvales)</big> :::* <big>Familia / Семейство: [[w:Malvaceae|Mallows]] / [[w:ru:Мальвовые|Мальвовые]] (Malvaceae)</big> :* '''Genus / Род:''' A [[w:Cotton|Cotton]] / [[w:ru:Хлопчатник|Хлопчатник]] (Gossypium)<br /> Species / Вид: The [[w:Gossypium herbaceum|Levant cotton]] / [[w:ru:Хлопчатник|Хлопчатник травянистый]] (Gossypium herbaceum)<br /> ''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] Russia [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 681 stamp (Cotton Farming).jpg|'''729''']]'' :::::::* <big><big>Cladus / Клада: [[w:Monocotyledon|Monocotyledon]] / [[w:ru:Однодольные|Однодольные]] (Monocots)</big></big> :::::* <big>'''Ordo / Порядок:''' [[w:Poales|Poales]] / [[w:ru:Злакоцветные|Злакоцветные]] (Poales)</big> :::* <big>Familia / Семейство: [[w:Poaceae|Poaceae]] / [[w:ru:Злаки|Злаки]] (Poaceae)</big> :* '''Genus / Род:''' A [[w:Wheat|Wheat]] / [[w:ru:Пшеница|Пшеница]] (Triticum) Species / Вид: The [[w:Common wheat|Common Wheat]] / [[w:ru:Пшеница мягкая|Пшеница мягкая]] (Triticum aestivum)<br /> ''[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] Russia [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 677 stamp (Grain Farming).jpg|'''725''']]'' {| class="standard sortable" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFE0" |- bgcolor="#50C878" ! English name || Russian name || Latin name || #[[w:ru:Союзпечать|CPA]] || #[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott]] |- | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | The [[w:Common wheat|Common Wheat]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | [[w:ru:Пшеница мягкая|Пшеница мягкая]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | Triticum aestivum | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 677 stamp (Grain Farming).jpg|677]] | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 677 stamp (Grain Farming).jpg|Russia 725]] |- | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | The [[w:Gossypium herbaceum|Levant cotton]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | [[w:ru:Хлопчатник|Хлопчатник травянистый]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | Gossypium herbaceum | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 681 stamp (Cotton Farming).jpg|681]] | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 681 stamp (Cotton Farming).jpg|Russia 729]] |- | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | The [[w:Sugar beet|Sugar beet]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | [[w:ru:Сахарная свекла|Сахарная свекла]] | bgcolor="#E0FFE0" | Beta vulgaris | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 684 stamp (Beet Farming).jpg|684]] | [[w:c:File:The Soviet Union 1939 CPA 684 stamp (Beet Farming).jpg|Russia 732]] |} <br /> == Sources / Источники == {{Reflist | refs= <ref name="Chistov">{{Cite web | last = Chistov | first = Vladimir | title = Flora on post stamps | url = http://floraonpoststamps.ru/ | publisher = / Владимир Чистов. Растения на почтовых марках | accessdate = 2014-10-01}}</ref> <ref name="Gibbons">Stanley Gibbons catalogue. / Каталог Стэнли Гиббонса.</ref> <ref name="Liapine">Liapine, Viktor. Catalog of stamps of Russia (1856-1991). 2008. / Ляпин Виктор. Каталог почтовых марок России (1856-1991). М.: Издатель И. В. Балабанов, 2008.</ref> <ref name="Natural">Natural research. / Натуральное изучение.</ref> <ref name="Scott">[[w:Scott catalogue|Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue]]. 2009. Volume 5 P-SL. Amos Press Inc., 2009. / [[w:ru:Скотт (каталог марок)|Каталог Скотт]] за 2009 год. Том 5 P-SL.</ref> <ref name="Fauna">Burdynnyi, Gleb. Fauna on postal stamps: catalogue. 1978. / Бурдынный Глеб Федорович. Фауна на почтовых марках: каталог. М.: ЦФА "Союзпечать" Минсвязи СССР, 1978.</ref> }} Attention! The stamps are sorted by CPA (Central Philatelic Agency) catalog numbers, not by dates of their issue!<br /> Внимание! Марки отсортированы по номерам каталога [[w:ru:Союзпечать|ЦФА]], а не по дате выпуска! {{center/top}} [[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|75px]] '''<big><big><big>Почта СССР</big></big></big>''' [[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|75px]] {| class="toccolours" style="margin:auto;" | [[w:Soviet Union stamp catalogue|CPA catalogue]]<br> [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1929|←]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1930|1930]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1931|1931]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1932|1932]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1933|1933]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1934|1934]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1935|1935]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1936|1936]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1937|1937]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1938|1938]] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1939|'''<big>1939</big>''']] [[:World Stamp Catalogue/Soviet Union/1940|→]] |} {{center/end}} {{BookCat|filing=deep}} sb35jbx7hsh8dfqo3na1mkd5c6nu3d7 0 367885 4634615 4409612 2026-05-07T09:49:47Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634615 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="font-size:medium; color:#08457E;"> * These are stamps from meters used in government sponsored tests in actual mailings before meters were approved for general public use. * An early prototype meter developed by Elmer Wolf and William Scott of Dayton, Ohio was patented in 1898 but was never tested by the government. The Wolf/Scott stamp is cataloged as essay type ESY-A1. [[File: USA Pitney Postal Machine postage stamp.jpg|right|400px]] * A meter-like device built by the Pitney Postal Machine Company was used on live mail. It was used from November 1903 to March 1904 on Official mail generated in the Office of the Third Assistant Postmaster-General, Washington D.C. The stamp is essentially a numbered "Official Mail" penalty statement and does not indicate postage paid. The stamp consists of a penalty statement above a boxed serial number. (<i>shown at right</i>) It is uncertain how many original examples of this stamp exist. Two proofs on cover are known. Three "postally used" examples were mentioned several decades ago by Swan. If they ever existed their status is unknown today. [[File: USA stamp type Pitney Postal Machine reprint front.jpg|right|400px]] * Approximately 30 impressions of the Pitney prototype stamp were made decades later by Charles W. Rummler, the son of Arthur Pitney's patent attorney and business partner Eugene A. Rummler. The reprints are on small cards and have handwritten "<i>C.W.R.</i>" (most of them) or "<i>C.W.Rummler</i>" (one known) in the box instead of a serial number. </div> [[File: USA meter stamp Pitney Cover.jpg|left|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> {{BookCat}} ---- ====<font size=4><font color=#2a3439>'''Sub-group AA – Text in unframed rectangle'''</font></font>==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * Count Detalmo di Brazza Savorgnan of Rome, Italy received patents on 30 June and 28 July 1896 for a "coin-freed letter posting or stamping machine". Three and perhaps four di Brazza self-service machines were on public trial in New York City for several months during 1897. Their purpose was to provide mail service while post offices were closed. {{font/end}} ---- <br> [[File: USA meter stamp AA1.jpg|right|250px]] <br> '''AA1. Di Brazza''' (FV), 1897. [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]][RRRR] : Frameless rectangular design without value figures. : “NEW YORK N.Y.” at top, “REGISTERED” at bottom. : Impression counter number vertical at left with date vertical at right. : M# with “M” prefix at lower right. : This is the earliest meter stamp known used on actual mail anywhere in the world. : Only a single mailed cover is known. A proof of the stamp exists in German postal archives. ---- ====<font size=4><font color=#2a3439>Sub-group AB – Shield shaped frank</font></font>==== <font size=3><font color=#0018A8>* These were the first true meter stamps used in the country to show indication of postage paid on private, commercial mail. Their use was experimental, limited to selected mailers for a short period of time.</font></font> ---- <br> [[File: USA meter stamp AB1.jpg|right|225px]] '''AB1. Pitney Postal Machine Company''' (FV), 9-15 May 1912. [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]][RRRR] : Shield design, 35 x 35 mm, with rectangle in center containing 5-digit impression counter number. : “1c. PAID” at top, “Washington, D. C. / Permit No. 42” at bottom. : Printed in black. : Used during the week of 9 May 1912 at the offices of the National Tribune newspaper. : Eight impressions are known, three unaddressed souvenir covers and five cut-outs. No used covers exist. : Value: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] 1¢ '''NOTE''': A single two-cent value exists as a proof, located at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington DC. [[File: USA meter stamp AB2.jpg|right|220px]] '''AB2. American Postage Meter Company''' (successor to Pitney Postal Machine) (FV), 1913. : Similar to Type AB1 but without the rectangle around the impression counter number. : Eight machines were trialed in Chicago, Illinois from November 1913 to 28 May 1914. Over 850,000 pieces of third class mail were processed during the test but only 109 examples are known to survive. They include 24 unaddressed souvenir covers and five commercial covers. All the rest are cut-outs. : The franks vary in size from 29 to 32 mm wide and 30 to 31 mm tall. : Printed in black. : Value: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] 1¢ (Permit nos. 2, 5, 867, 1041, 1081, 1165) [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]][RR] : Value: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] 2¢ (1041, 1182) [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]][RRR] '''NOTES''': * Fifty reprints in red were made in 1964 for the 50th anniversary of the test. They all have meter number 1165 and have transaction numbers 90000 and above. * Eleven proofs in red are known from 1913 and 1919. These are from meter number 5 and have transaction numbers 14990 (one) and 28888 (ten). ---- ---- <br> {{center/top}}<font size=3><font color=green>Return to [[United_States_Postage_Meter_Stamp_Catalog| '''United States Postage Meter Stamp Catalog''']]</font></font>{{center/end}} ---- 7mfbxh8fb0csmajwiuzzjgkjnzano3k 0 369287 4634603 4485011 2026-05-07T09:41:18Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634603 wikitext text/x-wiki ---- ====<font size=6><span style="color:#417DC1>Item description format</span></font>==== ---- <br><br> {{center/top}} ::<font size=6>A1. Pitney Bowes "M" (FV), [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|2px]]1920. [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|15px]][S]</font> <font color=red><font face="action script"><font size=3> [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|17px]]''' catalog number [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|17px]] meter manufacturer [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|33px]] model [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|5px]] meter type [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|4px]] intro. year [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|5px]]rarity factor'''</font></font></font> {{center/end}} ---- ====<font size=6><span style="color:#417DC1>Glossary and abbreviations</span></font>==== ---- <font color=red>'''Components of a meter impression:'''</font>[[File:meter stamp components.jpg|600px]] <br> <br> <font color=red>'''Definitions:'''</font> *'''Bank''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a wheel with numbers on the rim which is rotated to impress part of the postage amount on <u>Multi Value</u> meters *'''BIC''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]circular town mark with Broken Inner Circle *'''DC''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Double Circle town mark *'''Denomination''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]the amount of postage shown by the <u>Value Figures</u> *'''Die''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]the solid print head of a non-digital meter. *'''Digital''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a meter that uses thermal, laser or some other digital technology instead of a die to apply the <u>Stamp</u> *'''Fixed Value''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a meter with <u>Frame</u> and <u>Value Figure</u> carved out of a single die. A Fixed Value meter can print either a single denomination stamp or contains a small set of dies that each print a different denomination. *'''Frame''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]that portion of the <u>Frank</u> surrounding the <u>Value Figures</u> *'''Frank (noun)''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]that portion of the <u>Meter Stamp</u> showing the <u>Denomination</u> and (nearly always) the country name and “POSTAGE PAID” or similar statement. *'''Frank (verb)''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]to apply a postage stamp to a piece of mail *'''FV''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Fixed Value meter, single denomination FV can also mean Face Value, as do F/V or V/F *'''FV-n''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Fixed Value with ‘n’ number of different stamp dies. FV-5 indicates a fixed value meter that can print five different value stamps *'''F/V''': Face Value, can also be seen as "FV" (can also mean "Fixed Value) or "V/F", determine meaing from the context. *'''ID number''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Identification Number *'''Impression''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]the entire imprint including the <u>Stamp</u> (<u>Frank</u>, <u>Town/Date Mark</u>), and, if present, <u>Serial number</u>, <u>Slogan</u>, <u>Slug</u>, <u>Greater Border</u>, etc. *'''Indicia/Indicium''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]same as <u>Frank</u> (noun) *'''Limited Value''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a meter that has one <u>Frame</u> die with a slot into which several <u>Denomination</u> dies can be rotated *'''LV-n''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Limited Value meter with ‘n’ different postage values *'''M#''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Meter number *'''Mailing Machine''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a device which processes outgoing mail. It can contain a feeding mechanism, an envelope sealer and a sorter as well as a postage meter. *'''Meter''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]for the purposes of this catalog, same as <u>Postage Meter</u> *'''Meter Number''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]an identification number assigned by the meter manufacturer *'''Meter Stamp''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a postage stamp impressed by a <u>Meter</u> *'''Multi Value''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a non-digital meter that can print any postage value within a specified range. The machine uses <u>Banks</u> of wheels with numbers on the rims that are rotated to make the correct postage value appear in the stamp. *'''MV''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Multi-Value meter *'''P#''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Permit number *'''Panel''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]An area within a frank bordered by an outer frame line on two or three sides and an inner frame line on the fourth side *'''Permit Number''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a number the postal authority assigns to the mailer (rather than to the meter) *'''Postage Meter''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a machine that prints a postage stamp and maintains a record of the total amount of postage printed *'''Prefix''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a character or characters (usually alphabetic) preceding a <u>Meter Number</u>, <u>Identification Number</u> or <u>License/Permit Number</u> *'''SC''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Single Circle town mark *'''SL''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Straight Line town mark *'''Slogan''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a verbal or pictorial message of a non-postal nature printed by the meter. A slogan typically promotes a product or cause supported by the mailer. *'''Slug''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]similar to a <u>Slogan</u> but the message is for postal purposes. Examples are FIRST CLASS, BULK RATE, PARCEL POST, AIRMAIL, 562 P.L.&R. [[File:stacked letters.jpg|right|150px]] *'''Spacing''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]the distance between the <u>Town Mark</u> and the <u>Frank</u>. It is usually measured from the right edge of the Town Mark to the left edge of the Frank. *'''Stacked''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a word or number with each letter or digit placed one above or below the other *'''Stamp''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]the <u>Frank</u> plus the <u>Town/Date Mark</u> *'''Tape''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a <u>Meter Stamp</u> impressed on an adhesive paper strip meant to be affixed to a parcel or mail-piece that is too thick to be fed through a postage meter *'''Town/Date Mark''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]that portion of the <u>Meter Stamp</u> that contains the post office name where the meter is licensed and (usually) the date of mailing *'''Town Mark''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]same as <u>Town/Date Mark</u> *'''TM''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Town Mark, Town/date Mark *'''Type''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Meters fall into four basic types, fixed-value (<u>FV</u>), limited value (<u>LV</u>), multi-value (<u>MV</u>), and digital (<u>digital</u>) *'''Value Box''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a small rectangle immediately surrounding the <u>Value Figures</u> in some <u>Franks</u> [[File:vertical letters.jpg|right|150px]] *'''Value Figures''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]the numbers and symbols that make up the postage value *'''Vertical''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]a word or number reading up or down *'''V/F''': [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]Value Figures also seen as F/V or FV with the meaning Face Value ---- {{BookCat}} 3oso6v5qumb60kyl4wr1e17whwxoryw 0 376666 4634612 3823383 2026-05-07T09:48:20Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634612 wikitext text/x-wiki <span style="color:#417DC1; font-size:xx-large">'''Meter and Permit Numbers'''</span> <div style="font-size:medium">In order to use a postage meter, a customer must obtain a permit from his local post office. A postage meter can then be rented from a meter manufacturer. In practice a customer can approach the meter company first. The company will then obtain the permit for their new customer. Both the permit and the meter number are registered with the post office. All early meter stamps showed both the permit number and the manufacturer's meter number. After 9 May 1929, the permit number was no longer required if the stamp included the meter number. Meter stamps showing a permit number have not been used in decades. The meter number identities the actual postage meter machine. Meter numbers often have a letter prefix that identities the meter manufacturer. Meter numbers generally run in series. The series often identifies the meter model. The meter number does not necessarily change when the stamp design changes. Different meter stamp design types are known with the same meter number generated before and after the print head was changed. </div> {{center/top}} [[United_States_Postage_Meter_Stamp_Catalog |<span style="color:#08457E; font-size:small">''<u>Click here to return to the United States Postage Meter Stamp Catalog</u>''</span>]] {{center/end}} ---- {{BookCat}} f9dt0zaaopmfi354d05ccweucnorgta 0 376667 4634611 3823332 2026-05-07T09:47:30Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634611 wikitext text/x-wiki <span style="font-size:xx-large; color:#417DC1">'''Ink colors and fluorescence'''</span> <span style="font-size:large">'''Colors of Inks:'''</span> <div style="font-size:medium">The most commonly used color for meter stamps is red although other colors are often used. With modern digital meters blue is becoming more common and appears to be overtaking red as the most used color. The earliest meters, which could print only a single postage value were required to use ink colors that matched the colors used to print the same denominations of regular adhesive stamps: l¢ green, 2¢ red, 3¢ violet, etc. The only exception was for the 5¢ meter stamp which had to be in red instead of blue. Five cents was the basic first class rate on international mail in the 1920s, and such mail had to be franked in red according to Universal Postal Union regulations at the time. With the introduction of the first multi-denomination meters in 1929, the Post Office Department relaxed the rules regarding meter ink colors. Multi-denomination meters were allowed to print all stamps in the same color. The only exception was that postage below 2¢ in value could not be printed in red. In practice soon after the 1920s a wide variety of colors were used indiscriminately with red just being the most common. Each manufacturer has its own particular shades of colors. By manufacturer they are (from most common to least): * '''Pitney-Bowes''':[[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] red, salmon, black, blue, green, brown, violet, orange * '''Friden''':[[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] red, red-violet, black, blue, green, orange * '''Postalia''':[[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] red, black, blue, green, brown * '''NCR''':[[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] purple, black, green, blue, pink * '''Hasler''':[[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] red, blue, green Many other color varieties exist. They are caused by the use of non-standard inks and by mixing inks. In a few instances, multi-colored impressions have been produced by applying different colored inks to separate areas of the ink roller. </div> <span style="font-size:large">'''Fluorescent Inks:'''</span> <div style="font-size:medium">In order to speed up the sorting, facing, and postmarking of mail, in the early 1960's the U.S. Postal Service began experimenting with luminescent (fluorescent and phosphorescent) coatings on adhesive stamps. With meters, experiments using fluorescent inks were carried out by Pitney-Bowes in the late 1960's. In September 1972, Pitney-Bowes was awarded a contract from the U.S.P.S to distribute special samples of a machine-detectable postage meter ink to 240,000 meter users. Metered mail using this fluorescent ink can be detected by the same sorting and facing equipment used for postage stamps. Therefore, those pieces of metered mail not bundled by the mailer can be sorted and faced together with ordinary adhesive stamped mail. Fluorescent ink has been required for all metered mail in the United States since 1 July 1973. Pitney-Bowes' fluorescent ink often shows up poorly as a salmon pink color. Friden's fluorescent ink is frequently a red-violet color. </div> {{center/top}} <span style="color:#08457E>[[United_States_Postage_Meter_Stamp_Catalog |<span style="font-size:small">''<u>Click here to return to the United States Postage Meter Stamp Catalog</u>''</span>]]</span> {{center/end}} ---- {{BookCat}} k7fbr6rcalwl321ibgno8vbuev2yk2j 0 376669 4634614 3988759 2026-05-07T09:49:20Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634614 wikitext text/x-wiki <font size=6><span style="color:#417DC1>'''Surcharge slugs'''</span></font> <div style="font-size:medium">Beginning in 1963 new postal rates required unusual postage values that incorporated fractions of a cent. None of the meters in use at the time could print these fractional values. While new, more versatile meters were being developed meter manufacturers supplied customers with surcharge slugs to show that the extra fractional value was accounted for. Meter users paid for the fractional values by providing the Post Office with sheets of paper with meter stamps affixed totaling that fractional values used. Surcharge slugs usually included the mail classification such as "Bulk Rate" or "Nonprofit Organization" as well as the fractional value. </div> {{center/top}}<span style="color:#08457E>[[United_States_Postage_Meter_Stamp_Catalog |<font size=2>''<u>Click here to return to the United States Postage Meter Stamp Catalog</u>''</font>]]</span>{{center/end}} ---- {{BookCat}} 2o7dofbvauok70lumyma26qkdgvfq9v 0 376671 4634609 3823199 2026-05-07T09:43:53Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634609 wikitext text/x-wiki <font size=6><span style="color:#417DC1>'''Rarity and Value'''</span></font> <div style="font-size:medium">Many stamps in the catalog are assigned an availability factor as follows: * [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|4px]][C] [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] Common to fairly common * [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|4px]][S] [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] Scarce * [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|4px]][R] [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] Rare, difficult to find * [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|4px]][RR] [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] Very rare * [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|4px]][RRR] [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] Exceptionally rare * [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|4px]][RRRR] [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] Extremely rare to unique For those stamps where the availability is unknown a range such as [RR-RRRR] may be used. These availability factors are estimates based on a 1994 Meter Stamp Society survey of the largest collections known at the time plus our own decades of buying and selling experience. Dollar values are not provided because they are unreliable and go out of date quickly. For what it's worth, here are my personal estimates of 2016 dollar values for nice examples of items in each category. :: [C] [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] free to $5 :: [S] [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] free to $15 :: [R] [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] $5 to $35 :: [RR] [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] $10 to $75 :: [RRR] [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] $20 to $150 :: [RRRR] [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] $25 to thousands Notice both the wide ranges and the overlap. Minor varieties, even if extremely rare do not sell for thousands of dollars, and really fine examples of relatively common items can bring several tens of dollars. Stamps without an availability factor are nearly always [C] but with some of them I just don't know. </div> {{center/top}} <span style="color:#08457E>[[United_States_Postage_Meter_Stamp_Catalog |<font size=2>''<u>Click here to return to the United States Postage Meter Stamp Catalog</u>''</font>]]</span> {{center/end}} ---- {{BookCat}} iekart3g10mgu66ilavx1cjzwlx1pi2 0 384906 4634617 4605633 2026-05-07T09:50:37Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634617 wikitext text/x-wiki ==<font size=5><font color=#1F75FE>'''GROUP PC: Special designs generated by personal computer'''</font></font>== [[United_States_Postage_Meter_Stamp_Catalog |<font size=2>''<u>Click here to return to the United States Postage Meter Stamp Catalog</u>''</font>]] {{font/top|size=3|color=#08457E}} '''NOTE''': ''All the stamps listed here are valid only on the date generated. PC stamps with unrestricted validity, i.e. savable for future use, are more like traditional stamps than meter stamps and thus are not cataloged here. PC stamps with unrestricted validity are cataloged in '''<i>USA: Variable Denomination Stamps (1989-2020)</i>''' by Karim Roder (available on Amazon).'' * Group PC stamps can vary considerably in size, font styles, and color within the same stamp type depending on personal printer settings, available fonts, etc. Size variations or colors other than black are unusual but are user controlled variables. * The stamps are found on plain paper and adhesive labels depending on what the user has in his printer. Self-adhesive labels are sold by the various PC stamp companies and also by outside vendors. These labels exist both with and without fluorescent tagging. As with color and font, paper or label type is a user controlled variable, however to a great extent the parameters are set by United States Postal Service ( see: https://postalpro.usps.com/parcellabelingguide). It is recommended that the collector save the '''entire label'''. * PC stamps are often found in a frame at the top right of large address labels. To the left of the stamp is a smaller frame containing a large letter or number representing the class of mail. Codes found are: "'''1'''" (first class), "'''fcm'''" (first class), "'''P'''" (priority), "'''E'''" (express), "'''M'''" (media), "'''T'''" (parcel post), solid block (media, or other), "'''H'''" (Hazardous), "'''G'''" (Ground Advantage), "'''X'''" (Media). Not all the codes are found with all the stamp types that use the labels. * 2-Dimensional barcodes occur in two major types and several subtypes: ::::: PDF417 A horizontally stacked 2-dimensional barcode, each consists of 2 punctuators, 2 indicators and a variable number of data blocks. :::::: subvariety PDF417(4) has 4 datablocks [[File: PDF417-224.png|right|250px]] :::::: subvariety PDF417(6) has 6 datablocks [[File: PDF417-226.png|right|275px]] :::::: subvariety PDF417(7) has 7 datablocks [[File: PDF417-227.png|right|300px]] :::::: subvariety PDF417(8) has 8 datablocks [[File: PDF417-228.png|right|350px]] :::::: subvariety PDF417(9) has 9 datablocks [[File: PDF417-229.png|right|375px]] :::::: subvariety PDF417(12) has 12 datablocks [[File: PDF417-2212.png|right|400px]] ::::: Data matrix is a 2 dimensional barcode consisting of square or rectangular data blocks :::::: subvariety DM-2H ("'''IBI-Lite'''") has 2 datablocks arranged horizontally [[File: DM-2HZ.png|right|100px]] :::::: subvariety DM-2V ("'''IBI-Lite'''") has 2 datablocks arranged vertically [[File: DM-2VR.png|right|50px]] :::::: subvariety DM-4 has 4 datablocks arranged as a square [[File: DM-4SQ.png|right|100px]] * PC stamps on labels the sizes of which are recommended by the '''USPS''', the sizes are 4 inches by 6 inches ('''FS''') in two subvarieties, 4 inches by 4 inches ('''FF'''), 6 inches by 2 inches ('''ST'''), and a form for customs declaration included. Many illustrations in the listings are of size 'FS' but with only one or two of the 5 or six horizontal sections of the label. [[File: ST size.png|right|200px]] [[File: FS5 size.jpg|left|200px]] [[File: FF size.png|center|200px]] [[File: CF size.png|center|400px]] <br>{{center/top}}* * * {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>Several stamps in Group Q resemble stamps in Group PC. If you don't find what you are looking for here, check there.''}}{{center/end}} {{font/end}} <br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-A: Franks from E-Stamp software, ID numbers with 05#E prefix}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * All stamps have large, negative “e” logo at top right and "PDF417" bar code across the bottom with identification number at bottom right. * "US Postage" and date are at top center, usually below a mail classification statement. * Found both with and without FIM barcode at top left and also with and without slogan or directional slug at left. * One hundred FD covers were prepared by E-Stamp in cooperation with the National Postal Museum on March 31, 1998. Trials took place for several more months. The first day of national availability was September 27, 1999. * Although we must assume other mail classes were available, only '''First Class''', '''First-Class''', '''Priority''', and '''Priority Mail''' have been reported. * E-stamp ceased operations at the end of 2000. {{font/end}} {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} ---- <br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RA1a''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA stamp type PC-A1 FDC stamp.jpg|right|425px]] '''PC-A1.10.''' March 31, 1998. {{space|2}} [RR] : This stamp is found only on the First Day Covers prepared by E-Stamp and the National Postal Museum. ({{font|size=2|''See above''}}). They were sold for $100 each. : The value figures are large, 4mm tall. : With "FIM" barcode at top left and PDF(7) 2-D barcode across the bottom. : Mail class: "First Class" ({{font|size=2|''without hyphen''}}). : Identification number with 051E prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} {{font|size=5|$0'''.'''00^<u>o</u>}} {{space|4}} ({{font|size=2|''large figures, 4mm tall''}}) '''PC-A1.11.''' 1998. {{space|2}} [RR][[File: PC-A1.11 251004.png|right|375px]] : This stamp is found only on covers by the National Postal Museum. ({{font|size=2|''See above''}}). They were sold for $100 each. : The value figures are smaller than on "'''PC-A1.10'''" but larger than on "'''PC-A1.2'''" ettc. : With "FIM" barcode at top left and PDF(7) 2-D barcode across the bottom. : Mail class: "First Class" ({{font|size=2|''with hyphen''}}). : Identification number with 051E prefix and about the same length as in "'''PC-A1.10'''" : V/F: {{space|4}} {{font|size=5|$0'''.'''00^<u>o</u>}} {{space|4}} ({{font|size=2|''large figures, about 3½mm tall''}}) {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RA1e''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-A2.jpg|right|380px]] '''PC-A1.2.''' 1998. {{space|2}} [S] : As Type PC-A1.1 but with smaller value figures, 2 to 3mm tall. : With "FIM" barcode at top left and PDF(7) 2-D barcode across the bottom. : "e-stamp.com" normally at bottom left below the barcode. : ID# with 051E, 052E or 053E prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} ({{font|size=2|''small figures, 2-3mm tall''}}) : <u>Mail classes</u>: ^{{{font|color=red|♦}}} :: '''A'''. First-Class ({{font|size=2|''with hyphen''}}) :: '''B1'''. Priority {{space|2}} [R] :: '''B2'''. Priority Mail {{space|2}} [R] :: '''a'''. With "Additional" instead of mail class above "US Postage" {{space|2}} [R] :: '''b'''. With recipient's identity instead of "e-stamp.com" at left below bar code field {{space|2}} [RR] :: '''c'''. With 4-digit ZIP code {{font|color=red|♦}} {{font|size=2|"Express" (or "Express Mail") was an option but has not been reported by collectors.}} {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Types '''RA1c and d''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA meter stamp PC-A1p3A.jpg|right|380px]] '''PC-A1.3.''' {{space|2}} [S] : As Type PC-A1.2 but value figures show decimal fractions of a cent and have wide spacing between the dollar sign and the decimal digit with the other figures. : ID# with 051E, 052E or 053E prefix. : With "FIM" barcode at top left and PDF(7) 2-D barcode across the bottom. : The mail classes are the same as for PC-A1.2. :: '''A'''. V/F regular: {{space|4}} ${{space|2}} 0'''.'''00{{space|2}} ^<u>o</u> :: '''B'''. V/F italic: {{space|4}} ''${{space|2}} 0'''.'''00{{space|2}} ^<u>o</u>'' :: '''a'''. With "Additional" instead of mail class above "US Postage" {{space|2}} [R] {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RA1b''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA meter stamp PC-A1.4A.jpg|right|535px]] '''PC-A1.4.''' : As PC-A1.3B but the value figures are spaced closely together. : With "FIM" barcode at top left and PDF(12) 2-D barcode across the bottom. :: '''A'''. Destination town name at bottom left below the barcode, and ID# with 051E prefix {{space|4}} [RRRR]^{{{font|color=red|♦}}} :: '''B'''. "e-stamp.com" at bottom left below the barcode, and ID# with 053E prefix {{space|4}} [S] : The mail classes are the same as for PC-A1.2. : V/F italic: {{space|4}} ''$0'''.'''00^<u>o</u> '' :: '''a'''. With "Additional" instead of mail class above "US Postage" {{space|2}} [R] {{font|color=red|♦}} {{font|size=2|Type PC-A1.4A is possibly the first E-stamp placed in use with paying customers, earlier than when PC-A1.2, PC-A1.3, and PC-A1.4B were issued.}} {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RA2''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA meter stamp PC-A2.jpg|right|380px]] '''PC-A2.''' March 2000. {{space|2}} [S] : As Type PC-A1.2 but the inscriptions are larger. : "e-stamp.com" at bottom left below the barcode. : With PDF(7) 2-D barcode across the bottom. : ID# with 053E prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $ 0'''.'''00 : <u>Mail classes</u>: ^{{{font|color=red|♦}}} :: '''A'''. First-Class ({{font|size=2|''with hyphen''}}) :: '''B'''. Priority Mail {{space|2}} [S] [[File: USA PC-A2a.jpg|right|380px]] :: '''a'''. With "Additional" instead of mail class above "US Postage" ({{font|size=2|''see below''}}) {{space|2}} [R] :: '''b'''. "Mailed From ZIP Code" town line with 4-digit ZIP code instead of normal 5-digit code {{space|2}} [RR] {{font|color=red|♦}} {{font|size=2|"Express" (or "Express Mail") was an option but has not been reported by collectors.}} ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-B: Franks from Neopost software, ID numbers with 04#N or NO4#N prefix}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * The stamp designs are quite different from each other. One has a four-pointed star logo, two have a torch in hand logo, and one has no logo. Even the bar codes are dissimilar. * Neopost was the second company to enter the PC postage business with an experimental design sometime in early 1998. Circumstances of the trial remain unknown to us. * Stamps are found both with and without FIM barcode at top left. Examples are not known with slogan or slug. * <u>Classes of mail seen on PC-B stamps</u>: ::{| | '''A.''' {{space|4}} FIRST CLASS LTR [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|35px]] | '''F.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 2 [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|35px]] | '''M.''' {{space|4}} INTL LETTER |- | {{space|4}} '''Aa.''' {{space|4}} 1ST CLASS LTR | '''G.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 3 | '''N.''' {{space|4}} INTL CAN LTR |- | '''B.''' {{space|4}} 1ST CLASS OVERSZ | '''H.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 4 | '''P.''' {{space|4}} INTL MEX LTR |- | {{space|4}} '''Ba.''' {{space|4}} 1ST CLASS OVSZ | '''I.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 5 | '''Q.''' {{space|4}} NEXT DAY EXP MAIL |- | '''C'''. {{space|4}} PRIORITY MAIL | '''J.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 6 | '''R.''' {{space|4}} MEDIA MAIL |- | '''D.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY LOCAL | '''K.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 7 |- | '''E.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 1 | '''L.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 8 |} * Mail classes E through L were discontinued in June 2002. Examples are exceptionally rare. Most mail classes except the First Class variations are scarce to very rare. * Neopost PC stamps became available nationally in May 1999. {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} {{font/end}} ---- <br> '''PC-B1.''' {{font|color=green|''The stamp previously cataloged here has not been found used on actual mail. For this reason the Type has been deleted and the stamp re-cataloged as Type ESY-DF2 in the Essay section.''}} {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RC1''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-D1.jpg|right|360px]] '''PC-B2. ”Postage Plus”™''', '''“PC Stamp™”''', 1998. {{space|2}} [RRR] : This too is an experimental stamp. It was first seen in live tests in and near Washington DC and parts of northern California. It was offered nationally in May 1999 but saw little use. : The stamp was used by two different systems, "Postage Plus" which used a live internet connection, and "PC Stamp" which downloaded postage credit into a rented hardware vault. : The design shows at top right two horizontal bars with "U.S. POSTAGE" above the top one and the town line below the bottom one. Between the bars at right are a torch-in-hand logo left of small "U.S. POSTAGE" reading up. Also between the ars are the class of mail, the value figures (centered), and the date. : PDF417(7) barcode across the bottom : With "DEVICE and identification number at bottom right. : Meter number with N041N, N041NA, or 041N prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 :: '''a'''. With "CORRECTION" at bottom left :: '''b'''. With "FIM" baarcode at top left {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RC2a''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA meter stamp PC-B3.1.jpg|right|390px]] '''PC-B3.1. “Simply Postage”™''', 1998. {{space|2}} [RR] : Produced by an internet-connected labeling device. : Similar to PC-B2 with torch-in-hand logo and point of sale data mixed with two horizontal bars, but otherwise quite different. : The stamp is found only on self-adhesive labels with rounded corners and fluorescent red bar across the bottom edge. : "U.S. POSTAGE" is vertical at far right just left of a double line of micro-printing reading "NEOPOSTNEOPOST..." vertically. : Between the bars are the identification number, value figures, and date. Below the bottom bar is the town line, '''MAILED FROM''' and ZIP code. : Stamp with "PDF417(9)" bar code. : Meter number with N042N prefix. : Large value figures, 4½ to 5mm tall : V/F: {{space|4}} $Ø'''.'''ØØ ({{font|size=2|''with slashed zeros''}}) {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RC2b''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-D2.jpg|right|380px]] '''PC-B3.2. “Simply Postage” '''. {{space|2}} [RR] : As Type PC-B3.1 but the value figures have a tenths of a cent figure. : Stamp with "PDF417(9)" bar code. : Meter number with N042N prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $Ø'''.'''ØØ<u>ø</u> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''SA1A''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-F1A.jpg|right|330px]] '''PC-B4.1. “ProMail” ''', 1998? {{space|2}} [S] : Produced by an internet-connected labeling device. : Also printed on self-adhesive labels this stamp is much smaller than the PC-B3 stamps and contains the point-of-sale data at left and a square "Datamatrix (DM-4)" bar code at right. : Point-of-sale data have the value figures at top followed by the class of mail, '''MAILED FROM''' (ZIP code) town line, "U.S. POSTAGE", date and identification number. : Fluorescent bar at far left just outside two lines of micro-printing reading "NEOPOSTNEOPOST..." vertically. : Meter number with 045N prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $Ø'''.'''ØØø {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''SA1B''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-F1B.jpg|right|330px]] '''PC-B4.2. “ProMail” '''. {{space|2}} [S] : As Type PC-B4.1 but the value figures are slightly larger and the text is slightly bolder. : square "Datamatrix (DM-4)" bar code at right. : Labels have fluorescent bar at right. : Meter number with 047N prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $Ø'''.'''ØØø {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-C: Franks generated by software from Stamps.com (StampMaster before 1999), ID numbers with 06#S prefix}}==== {{font/top|color=#0018A8|size=3}} * The first stamp design has a negative {{space|1}}<font size=4><font color=black>'''S'''</font></font>{{space|1}} in oval logo. All others contain {{space|1}}<font size=4><font color=black>'''stamps.com'''</font></font>{{space|1}} somewhere in the design. Some time after Stamps.com acquired Endicia in November 2015 (see Sub-group PC-E) the logo {{space|1}}<font size=4><font color=black>'''stamps'''_{'''endicia'''}</font></font>{{space|1}} came into use. * The stamps are found both with and without a FIM barcode at upper left. * <u>Mail classes found with PC-C stamps</u>: :: {{space|4}} FIRST CLASS, FIRST CLASS MAIL, FCI (first class international) <font color=red>♦</font> :: {{space|4}} PRIORITY MAIL <font color=red>♦</font> :: {{space|4}} EXPRESS MAIL <font color=red>♦</font> :: {{space|4}} MEDIA MAIL <font color=red>♦</font> : <font color=red>♦</font> Collectors should be aware that the primary mail classes are found in a multitude of variations. For example, FIRST CLASS can be found as FIRST-CLASS PKG RATE, FIRST-CLASS MAIL PARCEL, FIRST-CLASS PACKAGE INTL, USPS FIRST CLASS MAIL, etc.. We do not know them all. Please inform the catalog manager regarding something different ("'''Alan Knutson, boris1951@charter.net'''") if possible also include a scan. * The StampMaster/stamps.com system was first trialed in the Washington DC area and in parts of California sometime before August 1998. It was made available nationally on September 27, 1999. * PC stamps on labels the sizes of which are recommended by the '''USPS''', the sizes are 4 inches by 6 inches ('''FS''') in two subvarieties, 4 inches by 4 inches ('''FF'''), 6 inches by 2 inches ('''ST'''), and a form for customs declaration included. Many illustrations in the listings are of size 'FS' but with only one or two of the 5 or six horizontal sections of the label. [[File: ST size.png|right|200px]] [[File: FS5 size.jpg|left|200px]] [[File: FF size.png|center|200px]] [[File: CF size.png|center|400px]] {{font/end}} <br><center>* * * {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>Several stamps in Group Q resemble stamps in Group PC. If you don't find what you are looking for here, check there.''}}</center> <br><br> <br> ---- <br><br> [[File: USMETER22041502.png|right|300px]] {{font/top|size=2|color=red}} '''Type Note: In the following listings, the descriptions will often include specific details regarding the mailing label "'''size FS5 (with 5 horizontal boxes, A thru E) or size FS6 (with six horizontal boxes, A thru F)'''", they will referenced as follows''' ::::: Panel or Box A: '''USPS insignia''' ('' sometimes not present'') ::::: Panel or Box B: oftentimes subdivided {{font|size=2|color=blue|['''USPS''' ''Service Icon/ Postage Payment'']}} ::::::: Box B1 "'''F, P.'''" etc,{{font|size=2|color=blue| ['''USPS''' ''Service Icon'']}} ::::::: Box B2 includes, barcode, date, identification number {{font|size=2|color=blue|['''USPS''' ''Postage Payment'']}} ::::: Panel or Box C: Mail Class {{font|size=2|color=blue|['''USPS''' ''Service Banner'']}} ::::: Panel or Box D: Address {{font|size=2|color=blue|['''USPS''' ''Address and Delivery Information Segment'']}} ::::: Panel or Box E: Tracking number/Bar code {{font|size=2|color=blue|['''USPS''' ''Intelligent Mail package barcode segment'']}} ::::: Panel or Box F: often times blank ('' sometimes not present'') {{font|size=2|color=blue|['''USPS''' ''Additional Information and User Segment'']}} : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]'''</u> {{font/end}} <br><br> ---- <br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RB1''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-C1.jpg|right|340px]] '''PC-C1. StampMaster''', summer 1998. {{space|2}} [RRRR] : Experimental stamp with negative “S”/Internet Postage logo at top center. : At top right are value figures, mail class, "US POSTAGE”, and date. : "PDF417(7)" bar code across bottom with town line below at left and identification number below at right. : Identification number with 061S prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RB2''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-C2.jpg|right|360px]] '''PC-C2.1. stamps.com''', 1999. : As Type PC-C1 but with "stamps.com" logo instead of the '''S''' in oval logo. : "FIM" barcode at upper left : At top right are the value figures, date, "US POSTAGE", mail class, and town line. : 2-D barcode PDF417(6} across lower portion : "STAMPS.COM" is below left of the bar code. : Identification number with 061S or 062S prefix below right of bar code. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> [[File: USA PC-C2 redate.jpg|right|180px]] :: '''a'''. With "ADDITIONAL POSTAGE" instead of class of mail below "US Postage" :: '''b'''. With "CORRECTION" instead of class of mail below "US Postage" :: '''c'''. With bottom line missing, blank below bar code :: '''d'''. Bottom line present but without bar code :: '''e'''. With "MAIL TO:" and ZIP code above left of the bar code :: '''f'''. With nonsense characters across the bottom (''system malfunction'') '''NOTES''': * The "stamps.com" logo can vary considerably in size. * The system could produce a re-date stamp without postage value, as shown (''right''). * For a similar type inscribed "'''Stamps /Endicia '''" see "'''PC-C8'''" {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RB3''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-C3.jpg|right|360px]] [[File: USA PC-C3 redate.jpg|right|200px]] '''PC-C2.2.''' 2000. : As Type PC-C2.1 but with larger inscriptions. : Identification number with 062S prefix below right of 2D "PDF417(6)" barcode. : Town line with town, state and ZIP code or with '''MAILED FROM''' and ZIP code. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> [[File:USA stamp type PC2p2 label.jpg|right|360px]] :: '''a'''. With "ADDITIONAL POSTAGE" instead of class of mail below "US Postage" :: '''b'''. With "CORRECTION" instead of class of mail below "US Postage" :: '''c'''. With bottom line missing (blank below bar code) :: '''d'''. With "MAIL TO:" and ZIP code above left of the bar code :: '''e'''. With mailer's name replacing town line :: '''f'''. With "'''FIM'''" barcode at the upper left. '''NOTES''': * The NOTES below PC-C2.1 apply to PC-C2.2 also. * These stamps can be printed directly to the mail piece or on labels. Stamps.com provided L-shaped labels with pink fluorescent bars along the top and right. * For a similar type inscribed "'''Stamps /Endicia '''" see "'''PC-C8'''" [[File: USA PC-C4B.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-C2.3.1''' 2005. : At top left: postage value above "US POSTAGE" and class of mail. : At top right: meter identification number with 062S prefix above "FROM" and ZIP code. : "Stamps.com” logo at far right of 2D "PDF417(7)" barcode. : Basic stamp without framing : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00 '''PC-C2.3.2''' : "Stamps / Endicia” logo at far right of 2D "PDF417(7)" barcode. : At top left: postage value above "US POSTAGE" and class of mail. : At top right: meter identification number with 062S prefix above "FROM" and ZIP code. : Stamp at top right of address label (FS5) with large mail class indicator to its left and the class of mail spelled out below. : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00 '''PC-C2.3.3''' : As '''PC-C2.3.2''', [[File: PC-C2.3.3p.png|right|500px]] : "Stamps.com” logo at far right of 2D "PDF417(7)" barcode. : Stamp at top right of address label (FS5) with large mail class indicator to its left. : Class of mail spelled out below V/F, with type of pricing below : At top right: meter identification number with 062S prefix above customer ID, above "FROM" and ZIP code. : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00 '''PC-C2.4.1''' 2005. : As Type PC-C2.3 but with rate statement instead of value figures. : Stamps.com logo right of "PDF417(7)" barcode. : "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" at top left above rate statement. : Meter number with 062S prefix above mailer’s Zip code at top right. :: '''A'''. 2 lines at upper right, Meter number/zip code ::: '''1'''. Basic stamp without framing[[File: USA PC-C5A.jpg|right|400px]] ::: '''2'''. Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator or solid block to its left and the class of mail spelled out below.[[File: USA PC-C5B.jpg|right|540px]] {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5? | BLACK | '''VIII''' | 062S0005418699 | | A7 | B0 | C5 | 11/21/2005 | 02845 | | |- | FS5 | '''1''' | '''I''' | 062S0005715741 | | A6 | B3 | C1 | 09/06/2011 | 66030 | GARDNER, KS | Box F split horizontally in two, "Thank You" in bottom half. |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0008902567 | | A2 | B3 | C1 | 05/28/2014 | 19803 | Wilmington, DE | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0008902567 | | A2 | B3 | C1 | 06/02/2014 | 19803 | Wilmington, DE | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0008902567 | | A2 | B3 | C1 | 07/15/2014 | 19803 | Wilmington, DE | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0009143056 | | A2 | B3 | C1 | 02/20/2018 | 08080 | Mount Holly, NJ | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0009151784 | | A2 | B3 | C1 | 06/01/2015 | 92154 | San Diego, CA | |} :: '''B'''. 3 lines at upper right, Meter number / customer ID number / zip code ::: '''2'''. Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator or solid block to its left and the class of mail spelled out below. [[File:USA stamp type PC-C2point4b.jpeg|right|400px]] '''NOTE''': Sub-type '''B''' has been found printed directly onto a plastic bag. See image below.[[File:USA meter stamp PC-C2p4 NOTE.JPG|right|300px]] <br><br> '''PC-C2.4.2''' 2005. : As Type PC-C2.3 but with rate statement instead of value figures. : With "'''stamps / endicia'''" replacing the stamps.com logo right of "PDF417(7)" barcode. : "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" at top left above rate statement. : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> <br><br> :: '''PC-C2.4.2A.0'''. 2 lines at upper right, Meter number/zip code (Box B2). ::: {{space|10}} Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator (of various sizes) or solid block to its left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C). ::::: '''-1''' Prefix "'''026W'''" {{font/top|size=2}} : ’’’Known usage’’’: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''I''' | 026W00048272786 | | A1 | B1 | C3 | 04/11/2022 | 07036 | LINDEN, NJ | Box F: order info? |- | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | | | | | | | | | | | |} {{font/end}} <br><br> ::::: '''-2''' Prefix "'''062S'''" {{font/top|size=2}} [[File: PC-C2.4.2A.png|right|450px]] {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''1''' | '''XXXIV''' | 062S0000618312 | | A6 | | C5 | 01/02/2020 | 92373 | INGLEWOOD CA | Box E: Blank, no tracking #, Framed |- | FS5 | '''1''' | '''XXXIV''' | 062S0000618312 | | A6 | | C5 | 01/30/2020 | 92373 | INGLEWOOD CA | Box E: Blank, no tracking #, |- | FS5 | '''E''' | '''XXXV''' | 062S0006097059 | | A19 | B2 | C3 | 11/25/2019 | 45177 | VALENCIA CA | Order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | III | 062S0009416802 | | A1 | B1 | C3 | 05/10/2022 | 14150 | | Order info, framed |} {{font/end}} <br><br> :: '''PC-C2.4.2A.1'''. 2 lines at upper right, Meter number/zip code (Box B2).[[File: PC-C2.4.2A.1 250331.png|right|450px]] ::: {{space|10}} Similar to "'''PC-C2.4.2A.0'''" ::: {{space|10}} "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID IMI" at top left above rate statement. ::: {{space|10}} New "'''Stamps'''" logo ::: {{space|10}} Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator (of various sizes) or solid block to its left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C). ::: {{space|10}} Mail class indicator using "'''New Helvetica'''" font as opposed to "'''Arial Block'''" in "'''PC-C2.4.2A.0'''". ::: {{space|10}} Prefix "'''063S'''" ::: {{space|10}} For similar item with with three lines in upper right and "'''Arial Block'''" font see "'''PC-C2.4.3'''" <br><br> {{font/top|size=2|color=black}} :: '''PC-C2.4.2B'''. 3 lines at upper right, Meter number / customer ID number / zip code ('''Box B2'''). '''Box F''' blank or with Proprietary info. :::{{space|10}}Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator (of various sizes) or solid block to its left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C). ::: {{space|10}} PDF417(7) across bottom [[File:USA meter stamp PC-C2p4ccc.jpg|right|450px]] : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5? | BLACK | '''VIII''' | 062S0001435225 | 11675116 | A7 | B1 | | 02/24/2023 | 91311 | CHATSWORTH, CA | BOX F: order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S00014423-- | 8014-- | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/12/2022 | 84032 | HEBER CITY, UT | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442380 | 9726250 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/15/2022 | 28674 | PINEHURST, NC | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442584 | 7557381 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/21/2022 | 37211 | NASHVILLE, TN | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442597 | 7395525 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 01/10/2023 | 90058 | VERNON, CA | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442618 | 7395525 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 01/10/2023 | 92618 | IRVINE, CA | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442648 | 7535523 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/15/2022 | 54115 | DE PERE, WI | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442652 | 7535523 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/16/2022 | 54115 | DE PERE, WI | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442674 | 7460441 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/21/2022 | 63367 | LAKE SAINT LOUIS, MO | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442685 | 9619750 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 01/11/2023 | 94931 | COTATI, CA | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S000144269- | 7395525 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 01/11/2023 | 90058 | VERNON, CA | Box F= order info |- | FS5? | '''P''' | '''V''' | 062S0001443299 | 6080690 | A5 | B5 | C4 | 11/17/2022 | 32174 | ORMOND BEACH, FL | |- | FS5? | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001484855 | 17633955 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 03/08/2023 | 68048 | PLATTSMOUTH, (NE) | PC malfunction? Missing Box B2 barcode and insignia |- | FS5? | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0009145384 | 8290678 | A1 | B3 | C1 | 02/05/2018 | 98338 | GRAHAM, WA | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0008589402 | 7557381 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 09/19/2022 | 37211 | NASHVILLE, TN | |- | FS5? | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0009146178 | 8239329 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 09/21/2022 | 60543 | OSWEGO, IL | Box F order info |- | FS5? | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0009564660 | 7778491 | A1 | B3 | C3 | 10/22/2018 | 91304 | CANOGA PARK, CA | BOX F with Business Info |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 062S0009564879 | 7733098 | A20 | B6 | C3 | 10/17/2022 | 33619 | TAMPA, FL | |- | FS5? | '''1''' | '''I''' | 062S0009565018 | 10860336 | A4 | B0 | C5 | 04/06/2020 | 33458 | JUPITER, FL | |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 062S0010887747 | 8128979 | A3 | B1 | C4 | 06/13/2022 | 33167 | MIAMI, FL | BOX F with Prop Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''II''' | 062S0010937521 | 10709064 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 02/08/2021 | 92648 | HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''X''' | '''II''' | 062S0010984631 | 10354575 | A8 | B2 | C3 | 04/27/2020 | 11791 | SYOSSET, FL (ERROR FOR NY) | BOX F ORDER Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0011128915 | 8051382 | A2 | B1 | C3 | 10/19/2020 | 53715 | MADISON, WI | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0011129014 | 8051382 | A2 | B1 | C3 | 09/30/2020 | 53715 | MADISON, WI | |- | FS5? | '''P''' | '''IV''' | 062S0011682632 | 10232544 | A3 | B1 | C4 | 02/08/2021 | 31558 | SAINT MARYS, GA | |- | FS4? | '''P''' | '''IV''' | 062S0011682632 | 10232544 | A3 | B1 | C4 | 09/29/2022 | 31558 | SAINT MARYS, GA | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0011692109 | 9897299 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 09/19/2022 | 30101 | ACWORTH, GA | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0012584392 | 5455555 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 10/27/2020 | 33458 | JUPITER, FL | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0012584433 | 16035441 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 09/19/2022 | 84096 | HERRIMAN, UT | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0012584494 | 6916215 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 09/21/2022 | 85298 | GILBERT, AZ | |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 062S0012584517 | 17771454 | A5 | B5 | C4 | 08/22/2022 | 32401 | PANAMA CITY, FL | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0012584551 | 7778491 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 06/12/2020 | 91311 | CHATSWORTH, CA | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0012584560 | 17663543 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 09/21/2022 | 27525 | FUQUAY VARINA, NC | Please Do Not Bend |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0012584561 | 8072505 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 06/28/2022 | 06475 | OLD SAYBROOK, CT | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0013352599 | 10538570 | A1 | B1 | C4 | 09/21/2022 | 45249 | CINCINNATI, OH | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0013352605 | 8072505 | A1 | B2 | C3 | 06/28/2022 | 06475 | OLD SAYBROOK, CT | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950040 | 10137355 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 11/16/2022 | 38474 | MOUNT PLEASANT, TN | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950074 | 8014787 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/15/2022 | 84032 | HEBER CITY, UT | Box F:Thank You For Your Order |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 062S0014950080 | 8014787 | A5 | B4 | C4 | 12/12/2022 | 84032 | HEBER CITY, UT | BOX F "Thank you for your order!" |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 062S0014950085 | 9765391 | A5 | B5 | C4 | 11/11/2022 | 84606 | SPRINGVILLE, UT | BOX F with order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950089 | 9716903 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 11/02/2022 | 83442 | AMMON, ID | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950092 | 9728837 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 11/10/2022 | 84026 | FORT DUCHESNE, UT | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950241 | 8570771 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 11/19/2022 | 84062 | PLEASANT GROVE, UT | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950278 | 17957223 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 01/03/2023 | 78245 | SAN ANTONIO, TX | |- | FS5? | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 062S0014950365 | 580628? | A6 | B2 | C3 | 09/13/2023 | 75041 | | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950507 | 6080690 | A2 | B1 | C3 | 11/17/2022 | 32174 | ORMOND BEACH, FL | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950544 | 10875452 | A2 | B1 | C3 | 03/14/2023 | 19317 | CHADDS FORD, PA | |} {{font/end}} <br><br> {{font/top|size=2|color=black}} :: '''PC-C2.4.2C.0'''. ''2023'' ::: {{space|10}} 3 lines at upper right, Meter number / customer ID number / zip code ('''Box B2'''). ::: {{space|10}} Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator (of various sizes) or solid block to its left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C). ::: {{space|10}} Large mail class indicator font is "'''Arial Nova Bold'''" ::: {{space|10}} PDF417(8) across bottom : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> [[File: PC-C2.4.2C.0 250331.png|right|450px]] {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''VI''' | 062S0001442545 | 7537397 | A3 | B1 | C7 | 01/22/2024 | 48212 | HAMTRAMCK, MI | Box F: Order info. |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001443325 | 11683909 | A2 | B2 | C3 | 06/28/2023 | 46323 | HAMMOND, IN | |- | FS5 | BLACK FILL | '''VIII''' | 062S0014949809 | 7542988 | A7 | B1 | | 03/25/2024 | 80116 | FRANKTOWN, CO | |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 062S0014950062 | 9717116 | A9 | B2 | C3 | 03/16/2024 | 98467 | UNIVERSITY PL, WA | Box F: Order Info |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 062S0014950187 | 4998344 | A9 | B2 | C3 | 02/27/2024 | 91761 | ONTARIO, CA | Box F: Order Info |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 062S0014950544 | 19750766 | A9 | B2 | C7 | 08/22/2024 | 93105 | SANTA BARBARA, CA | Green band at top and a portion of left |- | FS5? | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 062S0014950560 | 17195820 | A9 | B2 | C3 | 10/12/2023 | 85013 | PHOENIX, AZ | |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | ? | 6636835 | A14 | B6 | C7 | 05/01/2024 | 43228 | COLUMBUS, OH | Box F: Order Info |} {{font/end}} <br><br><br> {{font/top|size=2|color=black}} :: '''PC-C2.4.2C.1'''. ''2024''[[File: PC-C2.4.2C.png|right|450px]] ::: {{space|10}} 3 lines at upper right, Meter number / customer ID number / zip code ('''Box B2'''). ::: {{space|10}} Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator (of various sizes) or solid block to its left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C). ::: {{space|10}} Large mail class indicator font is "'''New Helvetica Bold'''" ::: {{space|10}} PDF417(8) across bottom : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 062S0001443239 | 6928035 | A9 | B2 | C3 | 01/22/2024 | 91733 | EL MONTE, CA | Box F: Order info. |} {{font/end}} <br><br><br> '''PC-C2.4.3''' 2024.[[File: PC-C2.4.3.png|right|450px]] ::: {{space|10}} As Type PC-C2.3 but with rate statement instead of value figures. ::: {{space|10}} With new "'''Stamps '''" logo replacing the stamps / endicia logo at the right of "PDF417(8)" barcode. ::: {{space|10}} "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID IMI" at top left above rate statement. ::: {{space|10}} ID number with 063S prefix above mailer’s Zip code at top right. ::: {{space|10}} For similar item with with two lines in upper right and "'''New Helvetica'''" font see "'''PC-C2.4.2A.1'''" : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> <br><br> '''PC-C2.4.4''' 2025.[[File: PC-C2.4.4 250802.png|right|450px]] ::: {{space|10}} As Type PC-C2.3 but with rate statement instead of value figures. ::: {{space|10}} With new "'''Stamps '''" logo at top right. ::: {{space|10}} "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID IMI" at top left above rate statement. ::: {{space|10}} ID number with 063S prefix above mailer's ID number and mailer’s Zip code at top right below "'''Stamps'''" logo. <br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-C10.jpg|right|880px]] <br><br><br> '''PC-C2.5. ''' '''PC-C2.5.1 ''' 2014. : Similar to Type PC-C2.4 but the manufacturer's logo is above the right end of the "PDF417{8)" barcode. : Meter number with 062S prefix. : Manufacturer's logo is "'''stamps.com'''". With "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" instead of value figures. <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-C2.5C.jpg|right|890px]] [[File: USA meter stamp PC-C2p5B.jpg|right|860px]] '''PC-C2.5.2 ''' 2014. : Similar to Type PC-C2.4 but the manufacturer's logo is above the right end of the "PDF417{8)" barcode. : Meter number with 062S prefix. : Manufacturer's logo is "'''stamps endicia'''". :: '''A'''. With value figures: {{spaces|5}} $00'''.'''00 :: '''B'''. With "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" instead of value figures. <br><br><br> <br><br><br> [[File:USA meter stamp PC-C2p7.jpg|right|880px]] '''PC-C2.5.3''' ''2012.'' : Very similar to Type PC-C2.4 but with date between the "FROM" (ZIP code) and the Stamps.com logo. : Seen with tracking number at right of the frank, on a customs form. : Meter number with 062S prefix. : PDF417(7) barcode <br><br><br> {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} <br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC2point6.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-C2.6.0.''' ''2015.'' : Very similar to Type PC-C2.3B but "U.S. POSTAGE" is right of the value figures rather than below them. : Meter number with 062S prefix. : PDF417(7) barcode : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00 :: '''A'''. Manufacturer's logo is '''stamps.com''' :: '''B'''. Manufacturer's logo is '''stamps endicia'''[[File: PC-C2.6B.png|right|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C2.6.1.''' ''2025.'' : As Type PC-C2.6.0 but "U.S. POSTAGE imi" is to the right of the value figures.[[File: PC-C2.6.1.png|right|500px]] : Meter number with 062S prefix. : PDF417(7) barcode : New '''Stamps''' logo to the right of the bar code. : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00 <br><br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-G2B.jpg|right|580px]] '''PC-C2.7.1.''' : With "DPDF417" barcode as with Types PC-C2.1 through PC-C2.5 but without "stamps.com" logo. : Top panel contains USPS eagle logo and '''Click-N-Ship'''&reg; logo. : Value figures and "US POSTAGE" at left. : Tracking number above the barcode. : Identification number with 062S prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00, {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 :: '''a'''. With "Commercial Base Pricing" immediately below the 2D barcode <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-G4B.jpg|right|1000px]] [[File: USA stamp type PC-G4.jpg|right|1000px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C2.7.2.''' : Similar to Type PC-C2.7.1 but very wide imprint with '''Click-N-Ship'''&reg; logo above usps.com (without the eagle-head logo)/ "US POSTAGE / PAID" at left. : Along the bottom are the weight, date, Mailed from ZIP code, and meter identification number with "062S" prefix. : ''It appears that this stamp is generated only for International Priority and Express mail services.'' : Two versions are known: :: '''A'''. Tracking barcode at far left in the panel. Smaller lower panel contains the mail class statement. :: '''B'''. Smaller stamp, traditional barcode at center of panel, USPS logo at far left. A Customs Declaration statement appears above the traditional barcode. No lower panel containing a mail class statement, and no indication anywhere of the mail service being used. <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C2.8''' 2020. : With barcode as with all previous PC-C2 types but with the value figures and "US POSTAGE" at top above the date and "Mailed from ZIP" and ZIP code. : Below the bar code is the '''stamps endicia''' logo at left and the identification number at right. : The identification number prefix is uncertain as the stamp we have seen appears to suffer from a software glitch. (See the illustration.) : PDF417(4) barcode : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 :: '''A'''. Manufacturer's logo is '''stamps endicia''' large [[File: USA meter stamp PC-C2.8.jpg|right|500px]] :: '''B'''. Manufacturer's logo is '''stamps endicia''' small [[File: PC-C2.8B.png|right|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-C2.9.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-C2.9''' 2021. : Similar to PC-C2.8 but with a rate statement rather than value figures. : Above the "PDF417(7)" bar code: :- US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID :- date, Mailed from ZIP [code] :- weight and rate statement(s) : Below the bar code: '''stamps endicia''' logo at left and the identification number with 062S prefix at right :: '''A'''. Large "'''stamps / endicia'''" logo, 062S with 7 digits :: '''B'''. Small "'''stamps / endicia'''" logo, 062S with 10 digits, FS5 label [[File: PC-C2.9B.png|right|450px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-C6.jpg|right|140px]] '''PC-C3.1.''' 2007. : Stamp with horizontal "IBI Lite" barcode. : Small frank with value figures at top above "U.S. POSTAGE", class of mail, "FROM" ZIP code, and date. : Below the date are the stamps.com logo, the barcode, and identification number at bottom. : Identification number with 062S prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> [[File: USA stamp type PC-C7.jpg|right|195px]] [[File: USA meter stamp PC-C3.2aa.jpg|right|175px]] '''PC-C3.2.1''' : As Type PC-C3.1 but the "IBI Lite" barcode is vertical at right next to the identification number reading down at far right. : '''Stamps.com''' logo, identification number with '''062S''' prefix. : Town line "FROM" and ZIP code : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> :: '''a'''. Identification number omitted (possible printer misalignment) :: '''b'''. Town line without ZIP code showing "FROM" alone [[File: USA stamp type PC3p2 label.jpg|right|360px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C3.2.2'''. '''stamps_endicia''' logo, identification number with '''062S''' prefix. :: '''a'''. Identification number omitted (possible printer misalignment) :: '''c'''. Numeric month in date, as: {{space|4}} 00/00/2018[[File: USA meter stamp PC-C3.2C label.jpeg|right|380px]] :: '''d'''. With "FIM" barcode to left <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C3.2.3''' ''2025'' : As Type PC-C3.2.1 but the "IBI Lite" barcode is vertical at right next to the identification number reading down at far right. : "'''US POSTAGE IMI'''" : tHE NEW '''Stamps.com''' logo, identification number with '''063S''' prefix. : Town line "FROM" and ZIP code : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> [[File: PC-C3.2.3 250217.png|right|360px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''NOTE''': These stamps can be printed directly to the mail piece or on labels. Stamps.com provided L-shaped labels with pink fluorescent bars along the top and right. Other label sizes and shapes exist. See below. <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File:USA meter stamp PC-C3p3.jpg|right|370px]] '''PC-C3.3.''' 2018. : Identification number and Stamps.com logo read down at far right. : From the top down, point-of-sale data is: :: Value figures :: '''US POSTAGE''' :: mail class :: ZIP code and date :: Horizontal IBI Lite bar code : Identification number with 062S prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> '''NOTE''': Seen on plain white self-adhesive labels with rounded corners. <br><br> [[File:USA meter stamp PC-C3.4 actual.jpg|right|370px]] '''PC-C3.4.''' 2021. : As Type PC-C3.3 but with '''stamps /endicia''' at right. : Identification number with 062S prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> '''NOTE''': Seen on plain white self-adhesive labels with rounded corners. <br><br><br><br><br> [[File:PC-C3.2 250115.png|right|150px]] '''PC-C3.5.''' 2022. : Most similar to Type PC-C3.1 but without company identification. : Identification number with 062S prefix. ::::-A [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]<font size=2><font color=191970>: V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u>[[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]</font></font> ::::-B [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]<font size=2><font color=191970>: V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''000<u>o</u>[[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]</font></font> [[File:PC-C3.5B 250116.png|right|150px]] <br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA PC-F10.jpg|right|940px]] '''PC-C4.1.1.''' 2002. : Very wide design with large "Delivery Confirmation" 1D barcode at center and square Datamatrix barcode at right. : Above the 2D barcode are the weight, ZIP code, ID# with 062S prefix, and date. : At far left is the class of mail above “US POSTAGE & FEES PAID”. : Without value figures. The "stamps.com" logo is below the 2D barcode. <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C4.1.2.'''. With value figures but otherwise as '''PC-C4.1.''' ("stamps.com" logo below 2D barcode)[[File: USA meter stamp PC-C4.1D.jpg|right|940px]] <br><br><br> <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C4.2.1.'''. With "stamps.com" logo and value figures at top above the 2D barcode: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 ("stamps.com" logo at top)[[File: USA stamp type PC-F10B.jpg|right|940px]] :: '''a'''. Without tracking barcode at center[[File: USA stamp type PC-F10aa.jpg|right|400px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C4.2.2.'''. Without value figures but otherwise as '''PC-C4.2.1.''' <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>Several stamps in Group Q resemble stamps in Group PC. If you don't find what you are looking for here, check there.''}} '''PC-C4.3.'''. As '''PC-C4.1.1.''', with new company logo, '''stamps indicia'''[[File: USA meter stamp PC-C4.1E.jpg|right|940px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-C9 complete.jpg|right|540px]] '''PC-C5.1.''' 2011. : The point-of-sale text is immediately to the left of the square Datamatrix barcode rather than above. : The frank appears unframed at the top of an address label. : Identification number with 062S prefix. : The country name is not in or near the frank, but "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" is found at bottom below the mail class. : With value figures : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C5.2.'''. As '''PC-C5.1.''',Without value figures[[File: USA stamp type PC-C9B.jpeg|right|540px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C5.3.'''. As '''PC-C5.2.''', with new company logo, '''stamps / endicia'''[[File: PC-C5.3.png|right|540px]] <br><br> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C6.1.''' 2020. [[File:USA meter stamp PC-C4.3.jpg|right|390px]] : ”'''stamps/endicia'''” logo reads down at right of the 2D barcode, and the ID number is below the barcode. : Meter Identification number with 062S prefix. : Value figures and "US POSTAGE", mail class, date, "Mailed from ZIP" and code. V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> <br><br><br> {{font/top|size=2|color=black}} '''PC-C6.2.'''. As'''PC-C6.1.''', Without value figures. "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" at top : ”'''stamps/endicia'''” logo reads down at right of the 2D barcode, and the ID number is below the barcode. : Meter Identification number with 062S or 071S prefix. :::: '''A'''. Small Mail Class letter, shorter than the barcode.[[File:PC-C4.3B2.png|right|450px]] ::::: '''-1'''. Prefix "'''061S'''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''XXIX''' | 062S0001442198 | 11613058 | A14 | B2 | C7 | Jul 05 2024 | 54914 | APPLETON, WI | |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''XXIX''' | 062S0001442222 | 11613058 | A14 | B2 | C7 | Jun 07 2024 | 54914 | APPLETON, WI | |- | FS4 | BLACK | '''VIII''' | 062S0009761530 | 13928181 | A7 | B1 | | Feb 02 2023 | 48375 | NOVI, MI | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''X''' | 062S0010968105 | 12429570 | A10 | | C6 | Sep 20 2022 | 32207 | JACKSONVILLE, FL | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''XI''' | 062S0012584411 | 17222940 | A10 | | C6 | Aug 22 2022 | 33634 | TAMPA FL | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''XI''' | 062S0013352605 | 17222940 | A10 | | C6 | Aug 22 2022 | 33634 | TAMPA FL | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''XI''' | 062S0014950307 | 17222940 | A1 | B2 | C6 | Nov 10 2022 | 33634 | TAMPA FL | |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''XXIX''' | 062S0014949919 | 11613058 | A14 | B2 | C7 | Sep 04 2024 | 54914 | APPLETON, WI | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''XI''' | 062S0014950343 | 11746372 | A1 | B2 | C6 | Mar 06 2023 | 11716 | BOHEMIA NY | |} <br><br><br><br> ::::: '''-2'''. Prefix "'''071S'''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XI''' | 071S00894672 | | A10 | | C6 | Apr 15 2022 | 90021 | (RIALTO CA) | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XI''' | 071S00894672 | | A10 | | C6 | Feb 09 2023 | 90021 | (NEWARK NJ) | |} {{font/end}} <br><br><br><br> :::: '''B'''. Large Mail Class letter, taller than the barcode.[[File:USA meter stamp PC-C4.3B.jpg|right|450px]] <br><br><br><br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Types '''SE1''' and '''SE2''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-F7.jpg|right|540px]] [[File: USA PC-F8.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-C6.3.1.''' 2002.[[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|6px]]V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 : Downloaded directly from the Stamps.com web site. : Square Datamatrix barcode at right with "stamps.com" reading up to its right. : Text left justified as follows: : Value figures at top above "US POSTAGE", mail class, date, ID number, and ZIP code : Meter Identification number with 062S prefix. <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C6.3.2.''' Without value figures. "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" above date, ID# with 062S prefix, ZIP code, rate statement <br><br><br><br> '''PC-C7 ''' 2023. [[File: PC-C7.png|right|400px]] : DataMatrix 2-D barcode at right : Manufacturer's logo is to the right of the "DataMatrix(4)" barcode. : "FIM" barcode at top left : Meter number with 062S prefix. : Manufacturer's logo is "'''stamps endicia'''". <br><br><br><br> '''PC-C8.''' 2025. [[File: PC-C8 250601.png|right|360px]] : Similar to types "'''PC-C2.1, PC-C2.2'''" : Corporate logo as "'''Stamps / Endicia '''" : Town line with town, state and ZIP code or with '''MAILED FROM''' and ZIP code. : Identification number with 062S prefix below right of 2D "PDF417(3)" barcode. : With "'''FIM'''" barcode at upper left : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 '''NOTES''': * These stamps can be printed directly to the mail piece or on labels. <br><br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-D: Franks from Pitney Bowes software, ID numbers with 02#P, 02#W, or 07#P prefix}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * The earlier stamps show logos consisting of an eagle's head and wing. Later stamps are generic, text and bar code only, but most include "Pitney Bowes" in the design. One stamp, Type PC-D4, does not include the company name and is identifiable as a Pitney Bowes product only by the identification number with "02" prefix. * Identification number prefixes seen so far are 022P, 024P, 022W, 026W and 071P. * Pitney Bowes PC stamps began field testing in the Washington DC area in December 1998. {{font/end}} {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>Several stamps in Group Q resemble stamps in Group PC. If you don't find what you are looking for here, check there.''}} ---- <br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D0A.jpg|right|415px]] [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D0B.jpg|right|415px]] '''PC-D0. “ClickStamp Online”''', probably 1998. {{space|2}} [''Exceptionally rare''] : Experimental stamp with small eagle profile image at upper right. Left of the eagle are the date, value figures, and “US POSTAGE” with three stars. Above the “'''PDF417'''(9)” barcode field are the identification number at left and “Mailed From Zip Code” and ZIP code. : Identification number with 022P000230 prefix. :: '''A'''. The type font is somewhat heavy. The "P" in the ID number has no serif. Three reported: ::: 1) ID number 022P0002300165, ZIP code 20260 ::: 2) ID number 022P0002306771, ZIP code 20032 ::: 3) ID number 022P0002307167, ZIP code 13057 :: '''B'''. The type font is somewhat lighter. The "P" in the ID number has serif at bottom. ID number 022P0002306600, ZIP code 20260 : V/F: {{space|2}} $ ~0.00^o : '''NOTE''': This stamp type was previously cataloged as an essay (ESY-DB4.4) until verifiably postally used covers were identified. <br><br><br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RD2''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-E2.jpg|right|415px]] '''PC-D1. “ClickStamp Online”''', 21 April 1999. {{space|2}} [''Exceptionally rare''] : Experimental stamp with eagle with wavy wing below "FIM" barcode. : Stamp with “'''PDF417'''(9)” barcode. : "US POSTAGE", date, value figures, ZIP code, and identification number stacked at right. : Identification number with 024P prefix. : Class of mail vertical at left side. : V/F: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00o : '''NOTE''': When printed on a color-capable printer, the wing of the eagle is (usually) in red. <br><br><br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RD3''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA meter stamp PC-D2p2A.jpg|right|415px]] [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D2p2B.jpg|right|430px]] '''PC-D2.1. “ClickStamp Online”''', 2000. : Similar to Type PC-D1 but straight eagle's wing above "PITNEY BOWES". : Identification number with 024P prefix. :: '''A'''. Inscribed "U.S. POSTAGE" with stops. "MAILED FROM ZIP CODE" one line, all capitals. :: '''B'''. Inscribed "US POSTAGE" without stops. "Mailed from ZIP Code" in two lines, mixed case. : V/F: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00o '''NOTES''': : 1) When printed on a color-capable printer, the wing of the eagle is (usually) in red. : 2) The system allows for a re-date stamp without postage value (as shown below). : 3) Pitney Bowes required at least some users of ClickStamp Online to send them a sample print once a year on an envelope marked withe the components of the user's system. (Example shown below right.) [[File: USA PC-E3 redate.jpg|left|330px]] [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D2.1 NOTE 3.jpeg|right|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RD4''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-E4.jpg|right|390px]] '''PC-D2.2. “ClickStamp Online”'''. : This is the postage correction frank used with the software system that produced type PC-D2.1. : The eagle is larger than with type PC-D2.1 and in line with the date which is above "U.S. POSTAGE" rather than below. : Large “POSTAGE CORRECTION” below eagle. : Identification number with 024P prefix. : Without town line or ZIP code. : V/F: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00o <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USMETER22041502.png|right|300px]] {{font/top|size=2|color=red}} '''Type Note: In the following listings, the descriptions will often include specific details regarding the mailing label, they will referenced as follows''' ::::: Panel or Box A: '''USPS insignia''' ('' sometimes not present'') ::::: Panel or Box B: oftentimes subdivided ::::::: Box B1 "'''F, P.'''" etc, ::::::: Box B2 includes, barcode, date, identification number ::::: Panel or Box C: Mail Class ::::: Panel or Box D: Address ::::: Panel or Box E: Tracking number/Bar code ::::: Panel or Box F: often times blank ('' sometimes not present'') {{font/end}} : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D3p1A.jpg|right|345px]] [[File: USA PC-F6.jpg|right|515px]] '''PC-D3.1A. "Shipstream Manager"'''. : As with PC-D1 through PC-D2.3, with "PDF417" barcode. : "US POSTAGE" or "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID", date, town line (Mailed from ZIP...) and rate above barcode. : Below the barcode are "Pitney Bowes" and the ID number with 071P prefix. : Basic stamp without framing. Top line contains value figures and "US POSTAGE". ::: V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 <br><br> '''PC-D3.1B. "Shipstream Manager"'''. : Box B2 "US POSTAGE" or "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID", date, town line (Mailed from ZIP...) and rate above "PDF417" barcode. : The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left and the class of mail spelled out below. Top line "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID". With rate statement instead of value figures. : No Box A, Box B the dividing line extends the entire height of the box. : Identification number 071P prefix :: '''A'''. "'''FCM'''" in Box B1 ::: '''a'''. Box B2 "'''US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID'''"/DATE "Mailed from ZIP" / / "PDF417" barcode / "Pitney Bowes" Identification number :::: '''1'''. Box C: "'''USPS FIRST CLASS'''" ::::: '''-a'''. Box B2: 3rd line "1oz First-Class Parcel rate" <br><br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RD5''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA stamp type PC-G1A.jpg|right|530px]] [[File: USA PC-G1B.jpg|right|550px]] '''PC-D3.2.''' : Found only on labels downloaded from internet vendor eBay. : In panel across the top are the USPS eagle logo at left and the '''eBay''' logo at right. : Inside the stamp frame: "US POSTAGE PAID" and rate statement centered above the "PDF417" barcode. : Below the barcode are "Pitney Bowes" and the identification number with 024P prefix. : Large rate indicator in frame at left. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 or nil : {{font|size=2|color=red|See also '''PC-D3.3B.6'''}} :: '''A'''. With value figures :: '''B'''. Without value figures but with rate statement <br><br> '''PC-D3.3'''. : Similar to Type PC-D3.2, : A large label formatted with as many as 7 subsections ("'''boxes'''") : Below "'''Box A'''" if present, or at the top there are two boxes ("'''Box B1'''" at the left and "'''Box B2'''" at the right) : Within "'''Box B2'''" is the “'''PDF417(7)'''” 2D barcode there is nothing above the barcode. : Also within "'''Box B2'''" are 3 '''stacks''', : '''Stack B2.1''' "US POSTAGE" (''or variation''), date, “From” and ZIP code, weight, and optionally a Zone number are stacked at left. : '''Stack B2.2''' Below the barcode are "Pitney Bowes" and a rate statement or statements at the center. : '''Stack B2.3''' Meter number/ID number at right. : The ID number has 022W, 024P, or 026W prefix. : In a smaller box at left ("'''Box B1'''") is a large letter code representing the mail class. : In a wide box ("'''Box C'''") below "'''Box B1'''" and "'''Box B2'''" is the class of mail. : If present the value figures appear above "US POSTAGE". : '''Labels may be framed or unframed''' : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 or nil : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> <br><br> '''PC-D3.3A'''. With value figures : A large label with 6 boxes "'''FS5'''"("'''Boxes B1, B2, C, D, E, F'''") <br><br> '''PC-D3.3A1'''. :: '''Box B2::'''. '''US POSTAGE''' in one line alone above the date <br><br> '''PC-D3.3A2'''. '''US POSTAGE IMI''' in one line alone above the date [[File: PC-D3.3A3.png|right|500px]] :: '''A'''. '''026W''' <font size=1>over 10-digit number starting with</font> 0004 {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5? | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897241 | CommPrice | 06/20/2023 | 32961 | VERO BEACH, FL | |- | FS5? | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897622 | CommPrice | 10/18/2023 | 29568 | | |} <br><br> :: '''B'''. '''028W''' <font size=1>over 10-digit number starting with</font> 0002 {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | | | | | | | | |- | FS5? | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002310688 | CommPrice | 05/11/2024 | 34293 | VENICE FL | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3A3'''. '''US POSTAGE IMI''' in one line alone above the date as "'''PC-D3.3A3'''", Box A with "'''UNITED STATES / POSTAL SERVICE ®'''" and emblem on left. : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> <br><br> <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B'''. With rate statement '''PC-D3.3B.1'''.[[File: USA meter stamp PC-D3.3.jpg|right|500px]] ::''' Box B2::'''. '''US POSTAGE''' in one line alone above the date '''PC-D3.3B.1A'''. Prefix "'''21B'''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 021B0050723999 | CommPrice | 07/20/2022 | 07112 | Newark NJ | Box F: order data |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 021B0060312094 | CommPrice | 11/28/2022 | 07036 | Linden NJ | Box F: order data |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 021B0060494251 | CommPrice | 11/28/2022 | 90670 | Santa fe springs CA | Box F: order data |} '''PC-D3.3B.1B'''. Prefix "'''26W'''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | | '''P''' | '''VII''' | 026W0004897242 | ComPlsPrice | 11/25/2020 | 07419 | | |- | FS5 | '''X''' | '''VIII''' | 026W0004897590 | | 01/02/2021 | 97239 | Portland OR | |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 026W0004897774 | CommPlsPrice | 07/31/2020 | 60490 | Bolingbrook IL | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897814 | CommPrice | 01/08/2021 | 91304 | Los Angeles CA | |- | | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897894 | | | 54843 | | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.1C''' [[File: PC-D3.3B.4A.0.png|right|500px]] :: As '''PC-D3.1A.B''' but with customer ID at lower right :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE''' above the date :: Meter numbers: 026W {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''VII''' | 026W0004897326 | 3000093152 | ComPlsPrice | 12/04/2020 | 91706 | IRWINDALE CA | ID numbers in larger font |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897491 | 3000008007 | CommPrice | 05/23/2019 | 48114 | BRIGHTON MI | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.2'''.[[File: PC-D3.3B.1.png|right|500px]] :: '''Box B2::'''. '''US POSTAGE / PAID''' in two lines above the date {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897894 | CommPrice | 12/29/2021 | 54843 | Hayward WI | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.3A'''[[File: PC-D3.3B.3.png|right|500px]] :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / PAID IMI''' in two lines above the date :: Meter numbers: 026W [[File: PC-D3.3B.3A-H 2501002.png|right|500px]] {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''H''' | '''VI''' | 026W0002310502 | CommPrice | 08/04/2025 | 33068 | North Lauderdale FL | "'''HAZMAT-Surface Transportation Only'''" |- | FS5? | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897241 | CommPrice | 01/26/2023 | 13147 | SCIPIO CENTER NY | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897242 | CommPrice | 08/16/2022 | 93943 | MONTEREY CA | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897400 | CommPrice | 05/24/2023 | 16063 | ZELIENOPLE PA | |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897451 | CommPrice | 11/24/2023 | 95240 | LODI CA | |- | PS4 | '''P''' | '''XIII''' | 026W0004897525 | CommPrice | 10/23/2023 | 98239 | COUPEVILLE WA | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | PS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897591 | CommPrice | 03/07/2022 | 92404 | SAN BERNARDINO CA | |- | PS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897642 | CommPrice | 02/02/2022 | 92404 | SAN BERNARDINO CA | |- | PS4 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897642 | CommPrice | 12/06/2023 | 81413 | CEDAREDGE CO | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | PS4 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897778 | CommPrice | 02/27/2023 | 76013 | PANTEGO TX | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 026W0004897790 | CommPrice | 11/01/2022 | 08110 | PENNSAUKEN NJ | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897812 | CommPrice | 11/25/2023 | 11432 | JAMAICA NY | |- | | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897816 | CommPrice | 08/22/2022 | 33770 | LARGO FL | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897817 | CommPrice | 06/20/2023 | 77030 | HOUSTON TX | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897878 | CommPrice | 08/25/2022 | 66505 | MANHATTAN KS | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897894 | CommPrice | 01/23/2023 | 08110 | PENNSAUKEN NJ | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897895 | CommPrice | 02/04/2022 | 45806 | CRIDERSVILLE OH | |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897895 | CommPrice | 11/21/2023 | 95628 | FAIR OAKS CA | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897939 | CommPrice | 03/28/2022 | 55304 | ANDOVER MN | |- | | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897942 | CommPrice | 04/29/2022 | 06514 | HAMDEN CT | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004898023 | CommPrice | 09/23/2022 | 75150 | MESQUITE TX | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.3B''' :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / PAID IMI''' in two lines above the date [[File: PC-D3.3B.3B 250415.png|right|500px]] :: Meter numbers: 028W {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002310364 | CommPrice | 03/18/2024 | 96003 | REDDING CA | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002311094 | CommPrice | 02/05/2024 | 34222 | ELLENTON FL | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002311094 | CommPrice | 08/22/2024 | 11735 | FARMINGDALE NY | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002311374 | CommPrice | 02/22/2024 | 33436 | BOYNTON BEACH FL | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002311472 | CommPrice | 03/04/2025 | 92376 | RIALTO CA | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.4A.1''' [[File: PC-D3.3B.4.png|right|500px]] :: As '''PC-D3.3B.3''' but taller, thinner font :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / PAID IMI''' in two lines above the date :: Meter numbers: 026W {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 026W0004897241 | 3001124484 | ComPlsPrice | 06/17/2022 | 93380 | VISALIA CA | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.4A.2''' :: As '''PC-D3.3B.3''' but taller, thinner font :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / PAID IMI''' in two lines above the date :: Meter numbers: 028W {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''X''' | '''VIII''' | 028W0002310218 | 3000559694 | | 02/03/2023 | 98144 | SEATTLE WA | Box F: order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 028W0002310350 | 3001704288 | CommPrice | 02/03/2023 | 80907 | COLORADO SPRINGS CO | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.4B''' [[File: PC-D3.3B.4B.png|right|500px]] :: As '''PC-D3.3B.3''' but taller, thinner font :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / PAID IMI''' in two lines above the date :: No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E :: Meter numbers: 028W {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002310174 | 3002184618 | CommPrice | 07/08/2024 | 60647 | CHICAGO IL | |- |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.5A''' [[File: PC-D3.3B.5a.png|right|500px]] :: Similar to'''PC-D3.3B.3''' :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / & FEES PD IMI''' in two lines above the date :: Meter numbers: 026W {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897798 | CommPrice | 01/24/2023 | 30907 | MARTINEZ GA | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.5B''' [[File: PC-D3.3B.5B.png|right|500px]] :: Similar to'''PC-D3.3B.3''' :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / & FEES PD IMI''' in two lines above the date :: Meter numbers: 028W :: Customer Identification Number below meter number <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6''' :: A large label with 6 sections, 7 boxes ("'''Boxes A, B1, B2, C, D, E, F'''") :: A box ("'''Box A''') across the top containing the USPS eagle logo and "UNITED STATES/ POSTAL SERVICE" at left and a mailer's logo or identification at right. :: {{font|size=2|color=red|'''NOTE:''' ''For examples with'' '''Penalty of Fines Under 18 / USC 3571 for Private Use''' ''see'' '''OO-M1'''}} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6A''' :: '''Box B2''' as '''PC-D3.3B.3, US POSTAGE / PAID IMI''' in two lines above the date <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6A.1A'''[[File: PC-D3.3B.6B.1.png|right|500px]] : '''Box A''' with "''' a preferred / shipping service on ebay '''" : identification number starts with "'''026W'''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897242 | CommPrice | 01/08/2022 | 19565 | WERNERSVILLE PA | |- | FS6 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897486 | CommPrice | 08/19/2023 | 76002 | ARLINGTON TX | |- | FS6 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897525 | CommPrice | 10/24/2023 | 35952 | SNEAD AL | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897623 | CommPrice | 05/08/2023 | 50010 | AMES IA | |- | FS6 | '''P''' | | 026W0004897894 | CommPrice | | 30513 | | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | | 026W0004897941 | CommPrice | | 60108 | | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6A.1B''' : '''Box A''' with "''' a preferred / shipping service on ebay '''" : identification number starts with "'''028W'''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002310428 | | 06/18/2024 | 60512 | MONTGOMERY IL | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS5 | '''X''' | '''VIII''' | 028W0002310575 | | 05/31/2024 | 34677 | OLDSMAR FL | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002311092 | CommPrice | 06/13/2024 | 11103 | ASTORIA NY | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6B''' :: '''Box B2''' as '''PC-D3.3B.3, US POSTAGE / & FEES PD IMI''' in two lines above the date <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6B.1'''[[File: PC-D3.3B.6B.11.png|right|500px]] : '''Box A''' with "''' a preferred / shipping service on ebay '''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897813 | CommPrice | 06/30/2022 | 07111 | IRVINGTON NJ | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6C''' :: '''Box B2''' "'''US POSTAGE / AND FEES PAID'''" in two lines above the date <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6C.1'''[[File: USA meter stamp PC-D3.3C.jpg|right|500px]] : '''Box A''' with “'''www.pitneybowes.com'''” {{font|size=2|color=red|NOTE: For labels of this type used by an US Government Agency and with a Penalty statement see type "'''OO-M1'''"}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897572 | CommPrice | 06/29/2021 | 76155 | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6D''' :: '''Box B2''' "'''US POSTAGE'''" in two lines above the date <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6D.1'''[[File: USA meter stamp PC-D3.3dd.jpg|right|500px]] : '''Box A''' with “'''www.paypal.com'''” {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS6? | '''X''' | '''X''' | 026W0004897485 | CommPrice | 11/25/2020 | 55422 | |} <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D3p4.jpg|right|530px]] '''PC-D3.4''' : Similar to PC-D3.3 but with tracking number added above the PDF417 2D barcode. : Stacked at left of the 2D barcode are "usps.com", the value figures, "US POSTAGE", a rate statement, and in the bottom corner, the date. : Centered below the 2D barcode are “Mailed from” and ZIP code and “024P”. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> {{font|color=green|'''''NOTE: The stamp previously cataloged as Type PC-D3.5 is now a sub-type of PC-D3.3.'''''}} [[File: PC-D3.5.png|right|1000px]] '''PC-D3.5''' : "'''US POSTAGE / PAID IMI'''" in two lines : Unboxed rate class designation letter : "'''PDF417(7)'''" 2-D barcode on right : Meter Identification on right above customer Identification number : Meter identification number: 028W followed by 10 digits : On customs declaration form (CD) <br><br><br> '''PC-D4.1.''' [[File: USA stamp type PC-G6.jpg|right|1000px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br> : Similar to Type PC-D3.4 but in wider format with the tracking barcode at far left. : Meter number seen with "024P" prefix. : With value figures below "PAID". : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 <br><br> '''PC-D4.2.'''[[File: USA meter stamp PC-D3.7.jpeg|right|1000px]] : Wide format as with PC-D4.1 but "US POSTAGE" and the mail class are at far left with the tracking barcode below. : The postage data is found below the PDF417 barcode, as follows: :: ID# with "026W" prefix :: Pitney Bowes (with "CommPrice" [or value figures?] below) :: date :: "From" ZIP code :: weight :: (destination) zone <br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D4.3.'''[[File: PC-D4.3.png|right|1000px]] :: As with PC-D4.2 but with "'''US POSTAGE PAID IMI'''" :: ID# with "026W" prefix <br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D4.4.'''[[File: PC-D4.4 250914.png|right|1000px]] :: As with PC-D4.4 but with "'''US POSTAGE PAID IMI'''" at right above Identification number. :: Two black bars complete from left to right :: ID# with "028W" prefix <br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <br><br><br> '''PC-D5.1.''' : At right is the square "Datamatrix" barcode. : Centered in the middle: "US POSTAGE PAID"/ "Pitney Bowes"/ rate statement/ identification number with 024P prefix : At left: date/ ZIP code/ weight : Always found on framed address label, and never with value figures. <br><br><br> '''PC-D5.1A.''' [[File: USA PC-F9.jpg|right|500px]] : At left solid block rate code indicator : Centered in the middle: "US POSTAGE PAID"/ "Pitney Bowes"/ rate statement/ identification number with 024P prefix at base <br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D5.1B.'''[[File: PC-D5.1B.png|right|500px]] : At left outline rate code indicator : Centered in the middle: "US POSTAGE PAID"/ "Pitney Bowes"/ rate statement/ identification number with 024P prefix in middle ::: '''-1'''. Meter identification number positioned as in the illustration for '''PC-D5.1A.''' <br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D5.2.''' [[File: USA stamp type PC-F9B.jpg|right|307px]] : Similar to Type PC-D4.1 but "Pitney Bowes" is vertical reading up at left. : The rate, date, ZIP code, and weight are stacked between "US POSTAGE PAID" (italicized) at top and the identification number at bottom. : Identification number with 024P prefix. : "'''Found only on International postage/address/customs forms purchased online from the USPS web site.'''" : The complete form is shown reduced at right. Occurs in at least two types: ::::{{space|5}} Type I {{space|5}} "To/From" horizontal ::::{{space|5}} Type II {{space|4}} "To/From" vertical : V/F: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 or nil :{{font|size=2|color=red|NOTE: "'''For labels of this type the collector should save the whole form'''"}} :: '''A'''. With "ONLINE DISCOUNT RATE" below US POSTAGE PAID :: '''B'''. With postage paid shown in dollars and cents [[File: USA stamp type PC-F9point1B.jpg|right|307px]] :: '''C'''. Without rate, blank between US POSTAGE PAID and the date [[File: USA stamp type PC-F9B document.jpg|right|800px]] [[File: PC-D5.2z.png|right|800px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D5.3. “Shipstream Manager”''', 2006.[[File: USA PC-F11.jpg|right|888px]] : Very wide design with square "Datamatrix" barcode at right and large tracking barcode at center. : Above the 2D barcode are the date, ZIP code, weight, and "Pitney Bowes". : Below the 2D barcode is the ID number with 024P prefix. : At far left is “US POSTAGE PAID” above the class of mail. :: '''A'''. With rate statement instead of value figures. :: '''B'''. With value figures above the date [[File: USA stamp type PC-D4point3B.jpeg|right|888px]] <br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-G3point1.jpg|right|570px]] '''PC-D5.4. "SmartPostage"''', 2011. : As Type PC-D4.5 but with "www.pbSmartPostage.com" instead of the eBay logo. : Identification number with 024P prefix. :: '''A'''. With value figures. {{space|4}} V/F: $0'''.'''00 :: '''B'''. Without value figures but with rate statement :: '''a'''. With "Commercial Base Pricing" immediately below the "Pitney Bowes" <br><br> '''PC-D5.5.''' (presumed to be '''“Shipstream Manager”'''), 2013.[[File: USA stamp type PC-F15.jpg|right|888px]] : Similar to Type PC-D4.3 but with the elements rearranged. : The identification number, date, "From" Zip code, and weight are below the square "Datamatrix" barcode. : The tracking barcode is at far left rather than center. : At near left of the Datamatrix barcode is "Pitney Bowes". : "US POSTAGE PAID" and the mail class are at far left above the tracking barcode. : Identification number with 024P prefix. : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> :: '''A'''. With value figures above "Pitney Bowes": {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 :: '''B'''. Without value figures <br><br> '''PC-D5.6. "SmartPostage"''', 2006. : Similar to Type PC-D3.2 but with square DataMatrix barcode instead of "PDF417" barcode. : “US POSTAGE PAID” at top center above "Pitney Bowes", a rate statement, and the identification number. : sans-serif "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right : Service indicator in Box B1 with solid block letters : Meter identification number with 024P prefix. : With value figures. {{space|4}} V/F: $0'''.'''00 {{space|2}} [scarce] <br><br> '''PC-D5.7. "SmartPostage"''' [[File: USA PC-G3B.jpg|right|495px]] : Similar to Type PC-D3.2 but with square DataMatrix barcode instead of "PDF417" barcode. : “US POSTAGE PAID” at top center above "Pitney Bowes", a rate statement, and the identification number. : sans-serif "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right : Service indicator in Box B1 with solid block letters : Meter identification number with 024P prefix. : Without value figures but with rate statement <br><br> '''PC-D5.8. "SmartPostage"''' [[File: USA stamp type PC-G3D.jpg|right|530px]] : Similar to Type PC-D3.2 but with square DataMatrix barcode instead of "PDF417" barcode. : “US POSTAGE PAID” at top center above "Pitney Bowes", a rate statement, and the identification number. : sans-serif "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right : service indicator in Box B1 at left is narrower (not square) and the letter within is outlined rather than solid. : Lettering in the panel [C] at bottom is smaller. : Meter identification number with 024P prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} V/F: $0'''.'''00 <br><br> '''PC-D5.9. "SmartPostage"''' : Similar to Type PC-D3.2 but with square DataMatrix barcode instead of "PDF417" barcode. : “US POSTAGE PAID” at top center above "Pitney Bowes", a rate statement, and the identification number. : service indicator in Box B1 at left is narrower (not square) and the letter within is outlined rather than solid. : Lettering in the panel [C] at bottom is smaller. : Meter identification number with 024P prefix. : With value figures or without but with rate statement <br><br> '''PC-D5.9A.'''[[File: USA stamp type PC-G3C.jpg|right|530px]] : sans-serif "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007629585 | ComBasPrice | 12/28/2015 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007629647 | ComBasPrice | 02/10/2016 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007629652 | ComBasPrice | 06/21/2014 | 10509 | BREWSTER NY | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XV''' | 024P0007629756 | | 03/17/2016 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007629758 | ComBasPrice | 12/11/2012 | 32812 | ORLANDO FL | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007629777 | ComBasPrice | 03/15/2017 | 17362 | SPRING GROVE PA | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007632129 | ComBasPrice | 06/01/2019 | 85203 | MESA AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XV''' | 024P0007776044 | | 02/25/2016 | 32701 | ALTAMONTE SPG FL | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776131 | ComBasPrice | 02/10/2016 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776147 | ComBasPrice | 10/17/2016 | 76251 | MONTAGUE TX | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776172 | ComBasPrice | 11/27/2015 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776173 | ComBasPrice | 08/18/2015 | 20904 | SILVER SPRING MD | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776210 | ComBasPrice | 10/27/2015 | 33187 | MIAMI FL | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776653 | ComBasPrice | 09/12/2016 | 12992 | WEST CHAZY NY | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776711 | ComBasPrice | 10/12/2016 | 60543 | OSWEGO IL | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007875935 | ComBasPrice | 01/20/2015 | 85211 | MESA AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007875935 | ComBasPrice | 10/06/2015 | 33161 | FLORIDA CITY FL | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007876028 | ComBasPrice | 01/12/2019 | 22301 | ALEXANDRIA VA | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007876132 | ComBasPrice | 11/10/2015 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007876761 | ComBasPrice | 10/13/2015 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007876771 | ComBasPrice | 03/12/2016 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |} <br><br> '''PC-D5.9B.0.'''[[File: PC-D5.9B.png|right|475px]] : Italic "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right <br><br> '''PC-D5.9B.1.'''[[File: PC-D5.9B.1 250609.png|right|475px]] : As with "'''PC-D5.9B.0.''' Italic "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right : F/V $(0)0.00 above 4 lines at left of Box B2 <br><br> '''PC-D5.9B.2.'''[[File: PC-D5.9B.2 250609.png|right|475px]] : As with "'''PC-D5.9B.1.''' Italic "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right : Font in Boxes B2 and C "'''USPSIMB'''" (either Compact or Standard?) : F/V $(0)0.00 above 2 lines at left of Box B2 <br><br> '''PC-D5.9C.0.'''[[File: PC-D5.9C.0 250609.png|right|475px]] : In "Box A" at upper right "'''www.paypal.com'''" : "Box B2" 4 lines at left, Date/Zip Code/ Weight/ Zone <br><br> '''PC-D5.9C.1.'''[[File: PC-D5.9C.1 250609.png|right|475px]] : In "Box A" at upper right "'''www.paypal.com'''" : "Box B2" 2 lines at left, Date/Zip Code <br><br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D5.7.jpg|right|360px]] '''PC-D6.0''', 2021. : Similar to PC-D5.2 but with '''Pitney Bowes''' at the top of the point-of-sale data stacked at left of the Datamatrix barcode. : Datamatrix barcode (DM4) 19 mm square, with 4 data blocks : Below '''Pitney Bowes''' are the value figures, '''US POSTAGE''' or '''US POSTAGE IMI''', a mail class statement. : a ten-digit number, "3000156428" evidently the customer identification number, the ZIP code and the date. : V/F: $0.00o : This stamp arises from the new partnership between eBay and Pitney Bowes for "eBay Delivery Service" shipping. :: '''A'''. Inscribed '''US POSTAGE''', identification number with 026W prefix, :::::<font color=GREEN><font size=2>Known with the following "'''Directive'''" types: "FIRST-CLASS"</font></font> '''NOTE''': Type PC-D6 is nearly identical in appearance to Type QB7. They differ only in color and in the ten-digit number that appears below the identification number, '''black''' and '''3''' for PC-D5.7, and '''red''' and '''2''' for QB7. <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D6.1.0''', 2024. : Inscribed '''US POSTAGE IMI''', with "FIM" barcode to left, Datamatrix barcode 20 mm square, with 4 data blocks, identification number with 026W prefix, : Datamatrix barcode 15 mm square, with 4 data blocks, or 27mm square, : Identification number with 026W prefix, :::::<font color=GREEN><font size=2>Known with the following "'''Directive'''" types: "FIRST-CLASS"</font></font> <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D6.1.1''', 2024. : Inscribed '''US POSTAGE IMI''', with "FIM" barcode to left, : Datamatrix barcode 18-19 mm with 4 data blocks, : Identification number with 028W prefix, :::::<font color=GREEN><font size=2>Known with the following "'''Directive'''" types: "FIRST-CLASS"</font></font> <br><br><br><br><br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-E: Franks from Envelope Manager (Endicia) software, ID numbers mostly with 07#V prefix but also 07#M, 07#S, 06#S and without ID number}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * All the stamps have a generic design, bar code and text. The earlier stamps include "endicia.com" in the design and later ones are identifiable only by the identification number which is most commonly 071V although 071M and 071S are also found. From 2024 on, 062, and 063 are also found. An exception is Type PC-E2.2, Sub-type A, which does not show an identification number. * When first released (February 2001) the system was labeled by Indicia as "'''DAZzle 2000'''". * On November 18, 2015 Stamps.com (see Sub-group PC-C) acquired Endicia. In 2024, Stamps.com and Endicia were once again seperate, being individual divisions under a holding company. {{font/end}} {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>Several stamps in Group Q resemble stamps in Group PC. If you don't find what you are looking for here, check there.''}} ---- <br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RE1''' in 2001 edition''}} '''PC-E1.1. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) “DAZzle 2000” ''', 2000. [[File: USA PC-F2A.jpg|right|316px]] : “'''endicia.com'''” at bottom left of "PDF417(7)" barcode. : “US POSTAGE” at top right. : Stacked at center: value figures / class of mail / date / town line. : ID# with 071M, 071S, or 071V prefix at bottom right. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} $0'''.'''000 ::'''PC-E1.1A'''. Basic stamp without framing ::: '''a'''. Top portion above 2D barcode shifted far to the left (shown at right). This may be the result of inconsistent software rather than printer variables.[[File: USA PC-F2aa.jpg|right|316px]] ::: '''b'''. With "CORRECTION" instead of '"endicia.com" at bottom left ::: '''c'''. With "FIM" barcode at top left. ::'''PC-E1.1B'''. The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left and the class of mail spelled out below.[[File: USA PC-F2B.jpg|right|500px]] ::'''PC-E1.1C''' As '''PC-E1.1A''' but with "'''endicia.com/mac'''" at bottom left of "PDF417(7)" barcode. ::: '''a'''. With "FIM" barcode at top left. {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RE2''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-F3A.jpg|right|310px]] '''PC-E1.2. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) “DAZzle 2000” ''', 2002. : As Type PC-E1.1 but the point-of-sale data is at left rather than in the center, and the sequence of data is different. : At top left: value figures/ date/ rate information : At top right: "US POSTAGE"/ "Mailed from ZIP..." : “'''endicia.com'''” at bottom left : Identification number with 071V prefix : Never with "FIM" barcode. : V/F: $0'''.'''00 :: '''PC-E1.2A'''. Basic stamp without framing ::: '''a'''. With text above bar code shifted significantly to left or right. This may be the result of inconsistent software rather than printer variables. ::: '''b'''. On large label ('''STvar''') (see Section PC intro)[[File: PC-E1.2A-b.png|right|800px]] :: '''PC-E1.2B'''. The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left and the class of mail spelled out below.[[File: USA PC-F3B.jpg|right|500px]] ::: '''d'''. Without rate information below the date[[File: USA meter stamp PC-E1p2dd.jpg|right|500px]] :: '''PC-E1.2C'''. "'''endicia.com/mac'''" at lower left, produced by systems designed for Apple computer users '''PC-E1.3. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) “DAZzle 2000” ''', 2002. : Similar to Type PC-E1.2 but with rate statement instead of value figures. : “POSTAGE AND FEES PAID” at top above date, ZIP code, and rate statement. : “'''endicia.com'''” at bottom left ::'''PC-E1.3A'''. Basic stamp without framing [[File: USA PC-F4A.jpg|right|324px]] ::: Identification number with 071V prefix ::: '''a'''. With text above bar code shifted significantly to left or right. This may be the result of inconsistent software rather than printer variables.[[File: USA PC-F4bb.jpg|right|415px]] ::: '''b'''. On large label ('''STvar''') (see Section PC intro)[[File: PC-E1.3A-b.png|right|800px]] ::'''PC-E1.3B'''. The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left and the class of mail spelled out below.[[File: USA PC-F4B.jpg|right|500px]] ::: Identification number with 071V prefix : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]'''</u> {{font/top|size=2|color=black}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Line A Equivalent ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | '''FS5''' | '''FCM''' | '''XVI''' | 071V00515554 | A13 | | OCT 27 2011 | 55337 | BURNSVILLE MN | NO TRACKING BARCODE |- | '''FS5''' | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 071V00525268 | A11 | Commercial Base Price | JAN 5 2015 | 92705 | SANTA ANA CA | |- | '''FS5''' | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 071V00525268 | A12 | Commercial Base Price | APR 12 2016 | 92705 | SANTA ANA CA | |- | '''FS5''' | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 071V00525268 | A12 | Commercial Base Price | JAN 3 2017 | 92705 | SANTA ANA CA | |- | '''FS5''' | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 071V00525268 | A12 | Commercial Base Price | FEB 17 2017 | 92705 | SANTA ANA CA||- | |- | '''FS5''' | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 071V00525268 | A12 | Commercial Base Price | MAR 1 2017 | 92705 | SANTA ANA CA||- | |- | '''FS5''' | '''FCM''' | '''XVI''' | 071V00548099 | A13 | | APR 17 2007 | 83333 | | |- | '''FS5''' | solid black | '''VIII''' | 071V00682520 | A7 | | FEB 6 2009 | 80922 | COLORADO SPRINGS CO | |- | '''FS3''' | '''P''' | '''V''' | 071V01059238 | A11 | Commercial Plus Price | SEP 8 2020 | 30071 | NORCROSS GA | |} {{font/end}} ::: '''e'''. As '''B''', with question mark after the mail class statement: '''PRIORITY MAIL 2-DAY?''' :::: (This may be a computer error with the question mark printing in place of a registration mark (''R in circle'').)[[File:USA meter stamp PC-E1p3ee.jpg|right|500px]] ::: '''f'''. Without the "Box C" containing the class of mail below the frank [[File: USA stamp type PC-E3p1ff.jpg|right|400px]] ::: '''g'''. "Box E" with USPS emblem at left, no tracking info[[File: PC-E1.3B-g.png|right|300px]] ::: '''h'''. "Box E" with USPS emblem at left, endicia emblem at right[[File: PC-E1.3B-h.png|right|300px]] ::'''PC-E1.3C'''. As '''PC-E1.3B''' with "'''endicia.com/mac'''" at lower left, produced by systems designed for Apple computer users[[File: USA PC-F4aa.jpg|right|500px]] ::: Identification number with 071M prefix <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> ::'''PC-E1.3D'''. As '''PC-E1.3B''' with "'''endicia'''" at lower left, [[File: PC-E1.3D.png|right|500px]] ::: Identification number with 062S prefix <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-E1p4.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-E1.4. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) “DAZzle 2000” ''', 2002. : Similar to Type PC-E1.3B but with logo and "'''endicia'''" at upper right. : The ID number is above the 2D bar code at right. : The date is below the mail class designation at left. : Identification number with "071V" prefix. : Seem on large label that includes customs information. {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RE3''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-F5.jpg|right|530px]] '''PC-E2.1. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) ''', 2002. : Found only on the top of large address labels downloaded directly from the USPS web site. : In wide box at right is the 2D "PDF417" barcode. : To the left of the 2D barcode are "US POSTAGE" vertical, "WWW.USPS.COM", value figures, and date. : A series of nine 4-digit numbers is above the 2D barcode, and the ZIP code and identification number with 071V prefix are below. : Very large “P” (for Priority Mail) or “E” (for Express Mail) in box at left. : Across the bottom is the class of mail spelled out. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|15px]]$00'''.'''00 {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RE4''' in 2001 edition''}} [[File: USA stamp type PC-G2 B.jpg|right|580px]] '''PC-E2.2. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) '''. : Stamp similar to PC-E2.1 with "PDF417" barcode but with panel at top containing USPS eagle logo at left and '''Click-N-Ship'''&reg; logo at right. : This appears to be a replacement for type PC-E2.1. : Identification number, with 071V prefix, at right of the ZIP code : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00 :: '''Note'''. For similar item without identification number see "'''PC-G3'''" <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-E2.3. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) '''. [[File: USA stamp type PC-G5.jpg|right|1000px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> : Nearly identical to Types PC-C5.2 (Stamps.com) and PC-D3.3 (Pitney Bowes) except for the identification number which has "071V" prefix. '''PC-E3.1. Endicia.com ''', 2010. : Square "DataMatrix" barcode at right with company identity reading down at far right. : Text from top, at left of barcode: "US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID", mail class (''may be omitted''), date (mmm dd yyyy), ZIP code, rate statement (''may be omitted''), "CommBasePrice" or "CommPlusPrice" (''may be omitted'') : Later stamps also include a second, more specific, rate statement. (''see the image for "b" below'') : ID# with 071S or 071V prefix below 2D barcode. :: '''A1'''. Company identity "endicia.com" (longer than DataMatrix is tall), barred "I" font[[File: USA stamp type PC-F12 better.jpg|right|520px]] ::: ID# with 071S or 071V prefix below 2D barcode. <br><br><br><br><br><br> ::::: '''c'''. Printed on short label containing tracking bar code but not the destination address[[File: USA stamp type PC-E2p1cc.jpg|right|320px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> ::::: '''e'''. Datamatrix bar code field contains vertical bars, probably caused by a malfunction [[File:USA meter stamp PC-E2p1ee.jpg|right|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> :: '''A2.1'''. Company identity "endicia.com" (shorter than DataMatrix is tall), unbarred "I" font ::: ID# with 071S prefix below 2D barcode. <br><br><br><br><br><br> ::::: '''b'''. Text at top truncated: "US POSTAGE AND FEES P"[[File: USA stamp type PC-F12bb.jpg|right|550px]] : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]'''</u> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label type ! Box B1 TYPE ! Box C type ! Meter number ! Line A equivalent ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip code ! City ! Notes |- | FS4 | '''P''' | XXXIII | 071S00799149 | A17 | Commercial Plus Pricing | Nov 27 2017 | 37801 | MARYVILLE TN | |- | FS4 | Black | VIII | 071S00773763 | A7 | | Dec 19 2017 | 30605 | ATHENS GA | |- | FS4 | Black | VIII | 071S00773763 | A7 | | Dec 22 2017 | 30605 | ATHENS GA | |- | | '''F''' | IX | 071S00913234 | A18 | CommercialBasePrice | Aug 04 2014 | 33351 | SUNRISE FL | subtype "b" |- | FS4 | '''F''' | IX | 071S00917592 | A18 | CommercialBasePrice | Feb 11 2014 | 11220 | BROOKLYN NY | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | IX | 071S00917592 | A18 | CommercialBasePrice | Oct 11 2014 | 11220 | BROOKLYN NY | |} :: '''A2.2'''. Company identity "endicia.com" (shorter than DataMatrix is tall), unbarred "I" font [[File:PC-E3.1A2.png|right|550px]] ::: ID# with 071V prefix below 2D barcode. <br><br><br><br><br><br> ::::: '''f'''. Datamatrix bar code field is wider than tall, not square [[File:USA meter stamp PC-E3.1ff.jpg|right|380px]] : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]'''</u> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label type ! Box B1 TYPE ! Box C type ! Meter number ! Line A equivalent ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip code ! City ! Notes |- | FS4 | black box | VIII | 071V00908463 | A16 | | Dec 21 2017 | 75104 | CEDAR HILL TX | 2 copies, framed |- | FS4 | '''P''' | XXXIII | 071V00970570 | A17 | CommercialBasePrice | Jun 05 2018 | 28052 | | shorter Enddicia on right |- | | | | | | | | | | |- | | | | | | | | | | |} :: '''B1'''. Company identity is a round logo and "endicia" (''first seen in late 2018'') ::: Unframed ::: ID# with 071S prefix below 2D barcode. :::::'''-1''' Top two lines bold [[File: PC-E3.1B1-1.png|right|540px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> :::::'''-2''' All but top line and fifth line bold [[File: PC-E3.1B1-2.png|right|540px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> :::::'''-3''' All lines bold [[File: PC-E3.1B1-3.png|right|540px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> :: '''B2'''. Company identity is a round logo and "endicia" [[File: USA meter stamp PC-E3.1B.jpg|right|540px]] ::: ID# with 071V prefix below 2D barcode. : ''subtypes unknown '' ::::: '''a'''. Datamatrix barcode field omitted ::::: '''d'''. Printed without the tracking bar code <br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-F12point1.jpg|right|520px]] '''PC-E3.2. Endicia.com''', 2014. : Similar to Type PC-E3.1 with square "DataMatrix" barcode, but the value figures are at upper left and "US POSTAGE" is alone at top center. : ID# with 071V prefix seen. : V/F: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 [[File: USA stamp type PC-E2p3.jpg|right|340px]] '''PC-E3.3A. Endicia.com''', 2015. : Similar to Types PC-E3.1 and PC-E3.2 but "U.S. POSTAGE" is lower, below the date and ZIP code. : The value figures are at far left. : One seen, with "FIM" bar code at upper left. : ID# with 071V prefix seen. : '''endicia.com''' reads down. : V/F: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 [[File: USA meter stamp PC-E3p3B.jpg|right|365px]] '''PC-E3.3B. Endicia.com'''. : As Type PC-E3.3A but with rate statement instead of value figures. : ID# with 071V prefix seen. : '''endicia.com''' reads up. [[File: USA meter stamp PC-E3.3B.jpg|right|230px]] '''PC-E3.3C. Endicia.com'''. : As Type PC-E3.3A but with different endicia logo. : ID# with 071S prefix seen. : Circular logo and '''endicia''' read down. '''NOTE''': The extremely narrow stamp impression shown appears to be a printer/feeder error rather than a software variation. [[File: USA meter stamp PC-E3.3D.jpg|right|365px]] '''PC-E3.3D. Endicia.com'''. : As Type PC-E3.3C but with rate statement instead of value figures. : ID# with 071V prefix seen. : Circular logo and '''endicia''' read down. [[File:USA stamp type PC-E2p4.jpg|right|520px]] '''PC-E3.4. Endicia.com''', 2016. : Similar to Type PC-E3.1 but inscribed "U.S. POSTAGE PAID" without "AND FEES". Also the inscription is centered rather than high. : Below "US POSTAGE PAID" is "From ZIP ##### and a rate statement. : Rather than a large mail classification code, the mailer's name and address is found in the box at left. : ID# with 071S prefix seen. <br><br><br> [[File:USA meter stamp PC-E3.5.jpeg|right|410px]] '''PC-E3.5. Endicia.com''', 2018. : Square DataMatrix barcode as with previous PC-E3 types but with round logo and "endicia" horizontal at bottom left instead of vertical at right. : Text at left of barcode: At top (not fully visible in the image): "US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID" above the weight and mail class, price modification statement, date, ZIP code, identification number, a "CID" (<i>'''C'''ontract '''ID''' identification</i>) number, and the Endicia logo. : No value figures are shown : ID# with 071V prefix seen. : The example reported was used on international mail. <br><br><br> '''PC-E3.6. Endicia''', 2024. [[File:PC-E3.6.png|right|410px]] : Square DataMatrix barcode as with previous PC-E3 types with "endicia" vertical at right but without round logo. : Most similar to type '''PC-E3.1A2''' : No line separating Box B1 and Box B2. : Text at left of barcode: At top (not fully visible in the image): "US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID" above the weight and mail class, '''IMI''' following mail class : Price modification statement, date, ZIP code, Mail class 1, Mail class 2, a "CID" (<i>'''C'''ontract '''ID'''entification</i>) number, Mail class 3. : No value figures are shown : ID# with 063S prefix below bar code. <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-E3.7. Endicia''', 2025. [[File:PC-E3.7 251201.png|right|410px]] : Square DataMatrix barcode as with previous PC-E3 types with "endicia" vertical at right but without round logo. : Most similar to type '''PC-E3.6''' : Text at left of barcode: At top: "US POSTAGE" above the weight and mail class, : Stacked below are:Mail Class I with '''IMI''' following mail class, date, ZIP code, Mail class 2, Mail class 3, Mail class 4, a "CID" (<i>'''C'''ontract '''ID'''entification</i>) 8 digit number, . : F/V: "'''$0.00'''" : ID# with 063S prefix below bar code. :: '''PC-E3.7.1'''. With green banner to left inscribed "'''USPS CERTIFIED MAIL ^TM'''", barcode below [[File:PC-E3.7.1.png|right|650px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-E4.1. Endicia.com''', 2024. [[File:PC-E4.1 250402B.png|right|410px]] : Box B1 with block letter indicating postal class, "G" a New Helvetica Block font : Box B2 with "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" in top line on left. With 3 lines below indicating rate class. : 3 lines at top right, ID at top, customer ID below, source zip code at base. : PDF 417(8) barcode with "endicia" (new logo) at right but without old round logo. :::::<font color=GREEN><font size=2>Known with the following "'''Directive'''" types [BOX C]: "USPS GROUND ADVANTAGE" ['''XXIX'''] </font></font> : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]''' (Directives/ Directionals)</u> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-E5.1. Endicia.com''', 2024. [[File:PC-E5.1 250402B.png|right|410px]] : Box B1 with block letter indicating postal class, "G" a New Helvetica Block font : Box B2 with "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID IMI" in top line on left. With 3 lines below indicating rate class. : 2 lines at top right, ID at top, source zip code at base. : PDF 417(8) barcode with "endicia" (new logo) at right but without old round logo. :::::<font color=GREEN><font size=2>Known with the following "'''Directive'''" types [BOX C]: "USPS GROUND ADVANTAGE TM" ['''VI'''], "USPS PRIORITY MAIL ®" [ “large ‘R-circle’”] ['''XVIII'''] </font></font> : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]''' (Directives/ Directionals)</u> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-F: Franks generated by EasyPost software, with "easypost" in the frank}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * EasyPost is a software company that provides companies with integrated shipping options through USPS and several private carriers. * The company was founded in 2012 although the first stamp came to our attention in 2016. {{font/end}} ---- <br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-G1.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-F1.1. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2016 but possibly as early as 2012. : The stamps we have seen appear on large address labels. : The stamp contains a PDF417 barcode which sits under "US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID" and '''{{font|size=5|easypost}}''' at the right of the stamp. : Left of the barcode are the date, ZIP code, "CID" (''number'') or "C" (number), and '''COMBASE''' or '''ComBasPrice''' (with no value figures). : Along the bottom are the weight and identification number with "0901" prefix. :: '''A'''. The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C) :: '''B'''. The stamp appears by itself with no framing or large mail class indicator <br> [[File: PC-F1.2.png|right|475px]] '''PC-F1.2. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2025 : As type "'''PC-F1.1'''" With heavier and slightly different typeface and spacing. <br> [[File:USA meter stamp PC-F1p2.jpg|right|480px]] '''PC-F2. "easypost" ''' (digital/thermal). : Similar to Type PC-F1 but inscribed "US POSTAGE PAID" rather than "US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID" : The text, including '''{{font|size=4|easypost}}''', is in a lighter and wider font than found on PC-F1. : Also, without "CID" and number and with small '''ComBasPrice''' instead of '''COMBASE'''. : And finally, the zeros are slashed. [[File:USA meter stamp PC-F1.3.jpg|right|540px]] '''PC-F3.1. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2021. : As Type PC-F1 but the {{font|size=4|'''easypost.'''}} logo now has a period after it. The web address "{{size=2|'''easypost.com/signup'''}}" was added below the logo. : This stamp includes a postage value which is preceded by "Retail" on the stamp we have seen. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0.00 : '''Note''': The origin ZIP code and customer ID have been blurred in the stamp photo. [[File:Easypost PC-F1.4.png|right|500px]] '''PC-F3.2. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2022. ::: Easypost Logo as PC-F3.1 ::: The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C) ::: No value figures ::: {{space|4}} '''Box B1''' {{space|4}} "'''F'''" ::: {{space|10}} {{space|4}} "USPS FIRST-CLASS PACKAGE" ::: {{space|20}} 0901000004578 {{space|4}}C4000013 {{space|4}}83713 {{space|4}}2022-09-02{{space|4}}BOISE, ID ::: {{space|4}} '''Box B1''' {{space|4}}"'''P'''" ::: {{space|10}} {{space|4}} "USPS PRIORITY MAIL" ::: {{space|20}} 0901000004698 {{space|4}} {{space|4}}28405 {{space|4}}{{space|4}}WILMINGTON, NC <br><br><br><br> [[File:PC-F4.png|right|500px]] '''PC-F4.1. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2022. ::: Easypost Logo different ::: The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C) ::: No value figures ::: {{space|4}} '''Box B1''' {{space|4}}"'''P'''" ::: {{space|10}} {{space|4}} "USPS PRIORITY MAIL" ::: {{space|20}} 0901000005499 {{space|4}}C4017644 {{space|4}}83709 {{space|4}}2022-11-18{{space|4}}BOISE, ID <br><br> [[File:PC-F5.png|right|500px]] '''PC-F4.2. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2022. ::: Easypost Logo same as "'''PC-F4.1'''" :: '''a'''. With FIM barcode to the left [[File:PC-F4.2a.png|right|650px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File:PC-F4.4.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-F4.4. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2023. ::: Easypost Logo same as "'''PC-F4.1'''" without the web address. : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]'''</u> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! Customer ID ! Note |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 0901000008901 | Commercial | 2023-12-01 | 60607 | C4650528 | 0.10 CUBIC ZONE 3 |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 0901000010389 | Commercial | 2023-12-28 | 63376 | C5299422 | 5.0 OZ ZONE 4 |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''XXXI''' | 0901000014322 | Commercial | 2024-06-27 | 63376 | C5299422 | 0.20 CUBIC ZONE 4 |} <br><br> '''PC-F4.5. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2025. ::: Easypost Logo same as "'''PC-F4.4'''" without the web address. :: '''a'''. With FIM barcode to the left [[File:PC-F4.5 250415.png|right|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-F4.6. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2026. ::: Easypost Logo same as "'''PC-F4.4'''" without the web address. ::: "'''US POSTAGE PAID IMI'''" [[File:PC-F4.6 250901B.png|right|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File:PC-F55.png|right|500px]] '''PC-F5. "Chit Chats" ''' (digital/thermal), 2023. ::: Similar to "'''PC-F4.2'''" ::: Easypost Logo replaced by "'''Chit Chats'''" : V/F: {{space|4}} $0.00 <br><br> [[File:PC-F6.png|right|500px]] '''PC-F6. "Sendle" ''' (digital/thermal), 2023. ::: Similar to "'''PC-F4.1'''" ::: Easypost Logo replaced by "'''Sendle>'''" <br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-G: Franks generated by U.S. Postal Service software, without a vendor's identification number.}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * These stamps are a type of Post Office stamp (Group PO) but because they are generated online at the Postal Services's web site, they are listed here.. * The stamp was first reported in 2021. {{font/end}} ---- <br> {{font/top|size=3|color=black}} [[File: USA meter stamp PC-G1.jpg|right|400px]] '''PC-G1.''' (digital), 2021 but possibly earlier. : The stamp is a large tracking label similar to Type PC-C5.1 with the USPS logo and "Click-N-Ship"® in the top panel. The ''postage'' part of the label is immediately below and at right. It contains in its upper left corner, "usps.com, the value figures, '''US POSTAGE''', and a rate statement. The date is at lower left. At top right is a tracking number. At lower center is '''Mailed from''' and the ZIP code. In the center is a larger '''U.S. POSTAGE PAID''' above a small '''Click-N-Ship'''®, all backed by a field of wavy pale blue lines. : V/F: $(00)0.00 [[File: USA meter stamp PC-G1 detail.jpg|left|500px]] {{font/end}} <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: PC-G2.png|right|400px]] '''PC-G2.1''' (digital), 2023 but possibly earlier. : Similar to "'''PC-G1'''" but with a square Datamatrix barcode at the right of box "'''B2'''". : Includes numbers to right of date, perhaps customer ID : Label type "'''FS6'''" : V/F: $(00)0.00 {| class="wikitable" |- ! Mail Rate Class ! Type ! Date ! Mailed from Zip Code ! "'''Box C'''" Mail Class |- | P | Flat Rate Env | 05/08/2023 | 63005 | XXX |- | G | Insured | 06/20/2024 | 02453 | VI |- | | | | |} : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]'''</u> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: PC-G2.2.png|right|400px]] '''PC-G2.2''' (digital), 2024 but possibly earlier. : Similar to "'''PC-G2.1'''" but with security print under "US POSTAGE PAID" more heavily segmented : Includes numbers to right of date, perhaps customer ID : Label type "'''FS6'''" : V/F: $(00)0.00 <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: PPS-G2.3.png|right|400px]] '''PC-G2.3''' (digital), 2024 but possibly earlier. : Security print in "Box B2" similar to "'''PC-G2.1'''" but : "Box D" more similar to "'''PC-G2.2'''" : Includes numbers to right of date, perhaps customer ID : Label type "'''FS6'''" : V/F: $(00)0.00 <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: PC-G2.4.png|right|400px]] '''PC-G2.4''' (digital), 2024 : Security print in "Box B2" similar to "'''PC-G2.1'''" but : Box A with USPS logo to left, "USPS APIs" to right : "Box D" only with return address and destination to the right of 2D barcode : Includes numbers to right of date, perhaps customer ID : Label type "'''FS6'''" <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RE4''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-G2.jpg|right|550px]] '''PC-G3. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) '''. : Stamp similar to PC-E2.1 with "PDF417" barcode but with panel at top containing USPS eagle logo at left and '''Click-N-Ship'''&reg; logo at right. : This appears to be a replacement for type PC-E2.1. : Without identification number : See also "'''PC-E2.2'''" for similar item with identification number starting with "071V" : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00, <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|1=Sub-group PC-H: Franks generated by Francotyp-Postalia software, with "FP" logo in the frank}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * Francotyp-Postalia first entered the U.S. postage meter market in 2000. Only one stamp has been reported so far, and it is dated from 2019. Earlier dates are likely. {{font/end}} {{font|size=3|color=red|'' The status of this item has been questioned, more information or scans would be important to have, please reply to editor.''}} ---- <br> {{font/top|size=3|color=black}} [[File: USA meter stamp PC-H1.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-H1. "Francotyp-Postalia" ''' (digital/thermal), 2019 but probably earlier. : The one stamp reported appears on alarge address label with the top (postage) section containing a PDF417 barcode. : Above the barcode are, at left: the value figures and date, at center: the FP logo, and at right: '''US POSTAGE''', Mailed From [5-digit ZIP code], and the identification number with 032A prefix. : '''ComBasPrice''' appears below the date on this stamp. : The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left and the class of mail spelled out below. : V/F: $ (00)0.000 {{font/end}} <br><br><br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Franks with "E-postage" or variant in the frank}}==== ---- <br> {{font/top|size=3}} * Shipping labels with '''E-Postage''', '''ePostage''', '''ePOSTAGE''' and other variants in the frank were first reported in 2011. They are used by online commerce companies with business volumes large enough to justify special arrangements with shippers such as USPS, FedX, and UPS. * E-Postage is a program developed by USPS to accommodate the growth of ecommerce. Online merchants such as Amazon and Etsy use ePostage. In 2016 new company Shippo began operation as a shipping aggregator offering ePostage to any business. * The stamps appear to be more like "post paid" permit stamps rather than metered mail but are shown here until we determine their exact nature. [[File: USA stamp type PC-F2.jpg|right|500px]] [[File: USA stamp type PC-F14.jpg|right|500px]] [[File: USA stamp type PC-F1bb.jpeg|right|300px]] * The stamps are found only on address labels with the top section having an enclosed mail-service letter at left and a frank box at right above a panel containing the mail class. : The central section contains the return address, date, and addressee. : The stamps show no value figures or identification number. : The labels do include a tracking bar code and number. : So far they have been found in two general formats: :: '''-''' With single-line border surrounding the complete design, printed on label 135 mm tall :: '''-''' With no outer border, printed on smaller label, 115 mm tall * Known variations: :: '''-''' Mail class appears in the frank box :: '''-''' Incomplete box around mail-service letter at upper left :: '''-''' Mailer's name repeated at top outside the frank box :: '''-''' "ComBasPrice" appearing left of the frank box '''NOTES''': * Merchants have some control over the appearance of the stamp. The e-Postage designation is found in different fonts. The frank box is found in a variety of sizes with contents left justified or centered. * When inaugurated in September 2011 only certain mail services were available through e-Postage system: Express Mail, Priority Mail, First-Class Mail parcels, Package Services (except Library Mail), and Parcel Select bar-coded non-presort. * What is common to all e-Postage stamps is that the frank box contains e-Postage (or variant), U.S. POSTAGE PAID (or variant), and the mailer's identification. {{font/end}} ----{{BookCat}} gy5bz9ie2qlwyug4y7mavwed7ad719p 4634618 4634617 2026-05-07T09:51:01Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634618 wikitext text/x-wiki ==<font size=5><font color=#1F75FE>'''GROUP PC: Special designs generated by personal computer'''</font></font>== [[United_States_Postage_Meter_Stamp_Catalog |<font size=2>''<u>Click here to return to the United States Postage Meter Stamp Catalog</u>''</font>]] {{font/top|size=3|color=#08457E}} '''NOTE''': ''All the stamps listed here are valid only on the date generated. PC stamps with unrestricted validity, i.e. savable for future use, are more like traditional stamps than meter stamps and thus are not cataloged here. PC stamps with unrestricted validity are cataloged in '''<i>USA: Variable Denomination Stamps (1989-2020)</i>''' by Karim Roder (available on Amazon).'' * Group PC stamps can vary considerably in size, font styles, and color within the same stamp type depending on personal printer settings, available fonts, etc. Size variations or colors other than black are unusual but are user controlled variables. * The stamps are found on plain paper and adhesive labels depending on what the user has in his printer. Self-adhesive labels are sold by the various PC stamp companies and also by outside vendors. These labels exist both with and without fluorescent tagging. As with color and font, paper or label type is a user controlled variable, however to a great extent the parameters are set by United States Postal Service ( see: https://postalpro.usps.com/parcellabelingguide). It is recommended that the collector save the '''entire label'''. * PC stamps are often found in a frame at the top right of large address labels. To the left of the stamp is a smaller frame containing a large letter or number representing the class of mail. Codes found are: "'''1'''" (first class), "'''fcm'''" (first class), "'''P'''" (priority), "'''E'''" (express), "'''M'''" (media), "'''T'''" (parcel post), solid block (media, or other), "'''H'''" (Hazardous), "'''G'''" (Ground Advantage), "'''X'''" (Media). Not all the codes are found with all the stamp types that use the labels. * 2-Dimensional barcodes occur in two major types and several subtypes: ::::: PDF417 A horizontally stacked 2-dimensional barcode, each consists of 2 punctuators, 2 indicators and a variable number of data blocks. :::::: subvariety PDF417(4) has 4 datablocks [[File: PDF417-224.png|right|250px]] :::::: subvariety PDF417(6) has 6 datablocks [[File: PDF417-226.png|right|275px]] :::::: subvariety PDF417(7) has 7 datablocks [[File: PDF417-227.png|right|300px]] :::::: subvariety PDF417(8) has 8 datablocks [[File: PDF417-228.png|right|350px]] :::::: subvariety PDF417(9) has 9 datablocks [[File: PDF417-229.png|right|375px]] :::::: subvariety PDF417(12) has 12 datablocks [[File: PDF417-2212.png|right|400px]] ::::: Data matrix is a 2 dimensional barcode consisting of square or rectangular data blocks :::::: subvariety DM-2H ("'''IBI-Lite'''") has 2 datablocks arranged horizontally [[File: DM-2HZ.png|right|100px]] :::::: subvariety DM-2V ("'''IBI-Lite'''") has 2 datablocks arranged vertically [[File: DM-2VR.png|right|50px]] :::::: subvariety DM-4 has 4 datablocks arranged as a square [[File: DM-4SQ.png|right|100px]] * PC stamps on labels the sizes of which are recommended by the '''USPS''', the sizes are 4 inches by 6 inches ('''FS''') in two subvarieties, 4 inches by 4 inches ('''FF'''), 6 inches by 2 inches ('''ST'''), and a form for customs declaration included. Many illustrations in the listings are of size 'FS' but with only one or two of the 5 or six horizontal sections of the label. [[File: ST size.png|right|200px]] [[File: FS5 size.jpg|left|200px]] [[File: FF size.png|center|200px]] [[File: CF size.png|center|400px]] <br>{{center/top}}* * * {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>Several stamps in Group Q resemble stamps in Group PC. If you don't find what you are looking for here, check there.''}}{{center/end}} {{font/end}} <br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-A: Franks from E-Stamp software, ID numbers with 05#E prefix}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * All stamps have large, negative “e” logo at top right and "PDF417" bar code across the bottom with identification number at bottom right. * "US Postage" and date are at top center, usually below a mail classification statement. * Found both with and without FIM barcode at top left and also with and without slogan or directional slug at left. * One hundred FD covers were prepared by E-Stamp in cooperation with the National Postal Museum on March 31, 1998. Trials took place for several more months. The first day of national availability was September 27, 1999. * Although we must assume other mail classes were available, only '''First Class''', '''First-Class''', '''Priority''', and '''Priority Mail''' have been reported. * E-stamp ceased operations at the end of 2000. {{font/end}} {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} ---- <br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RA1a''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA stamp type PC-A1 FDC stamp.jpg|right|425px]] '''PC-A1.10.''' March 31, 1998. {{space|2}} [RR] : This stamp is found only on the First Day Covers prepared by E-Stamp and the National Postal Museum. ({{font|size=2|''See above''}}). They were sold for $100 each. : The value figures are large, 4mm tall. : With "FIM" barcode at top left and PDF(7) 2-D barcode across the bottom. : Mail class: "First Class" ({{font|size=2|''without hyphen''}}). : Identification number with 051E prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} {{font|size=5|$0'''.'''00^<u>o</u>}} {{space|4}} ({{font|size=2|''large figures, 4mm tall''}}) '''PC-A1.11.''' 1998. {{space|2}} [RR][[File: PC-A1.11 251004.png|right|375px]] : This stamp is found only on covers by the National Postal Museum. ({{font|size=2|''See above''}}). They were sold for $100 each. : The value figures are smaller than on "'''PC-A1.10'''" but larger than on "'''PC-A1.2'''" ettc. : With "FIM" barcode at top left and PDF(7) 2-D barcode across the bottom. : Mail class: "First Class" ({{font|size=2|''with hyphen''}}). : Identification number with 051E prefix and about the same length as in "'''PC-A1.10'''" : V/F: {{space|4}} {{font|size=5|$0'''.'''00^<u>o</u>}} {{space|4}} ({{font|size=2|''large figures, about 3½mm tall''}}) {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RA1e''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-A2.jpg|right|380px]] '''PC-A1.2.''' 1998. {{space|2}} [S] : As Type PC-A1.1 but with smaller value figures, 2 to 3mm tall. : With "FIM" barcode at top left and PDF(7) 2-D barcode across the bottom. : "e-stamp.com" normally at bottom left below the barcode. : ID# with 051E, 052E or 053E prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} ({{font|size=2|''small figures, 2-3mm tall''}}) : <u>Mail classes</u>: ^{{{font|color=red|♦}}} :: '''A'''. First-Class ({{font|size=2|''with hyphen''}}) :: '''B1'''. Priority {{space|2}} [R] :: '''B2'''. Priority Mail {{space|2}} [R] :: '''a'''. With "Additional" instead of mail class above "US Postage" {{space|2}} [R] :: '''b'''. With recipient's identity instead of "e-stamp.com" at left below bar code field {{space|2}} [RR] :: '''c'''. With 4-digit ZIP code {{font|color=red|♦}} {{font|size=2|"Express" (or "Express Mail") was an option but has not been reported by collectors.}} {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Types '''RA1c and d''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA meter stamp PC-A1p3A.jpg|right|380px]] '''PC-A1.3.''' {{space|2}} [S] : As Type PC-A1.2 but value figures show decimal fractions of a cent and have wide spacing between the dollar sign and the decimal digit with the other figures. : ID# with 051E, 052E or 053E prefix. : With "FIM" barcode at top left and PDF(7) 2-D barcode across the bottom. : The mail classes are the same as for PC-A1.2. :: '''A'''. V/F regular: {{space|4}} ${{space|2}} 0'''.'''00{{space|2}} ^<u>o</u> :: '''B'''. V/F italic: {{space|4}} ''${{space|2}} 0'''.'''00{{space|2}} ^<u>o</u>'' :: '''a'''. With "Additional" instead of mail class above "US Postage" {{space|2}} [R] {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RA1b''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA meter stamp PC-A1.4A.jpg|right|535px]] '''PC-A1.4.''' : As PC-A1.3B but the value figures are spaced closely together. : With "FIM" barcode at top left and PDF(12) 2-D barcode across the bottom. :: '''A'''. Destination town name at bottom left below the barcode, and ID# with 051E prefix {{space|4}} [RRRR]^{{{font|color=red|♦}}} :: '''B'''. "e-stamp.com" at bottom left below the barcode, and ID# with 053E prefix {{space|4}} [S] : The mail classes are the same as for PC-A1.2. : V/F italic: {{space|4}} ''$0'''.'''00^<u>o</u> '' :: '''a'''. With "Additional" instead of mail class above "US Postage" {{space|2}} [R] {{font|color=red|♦}} {{font|size=2|Type PC-A1.4A is possibly the first E-stamp placed in use with paying customers, earlier than when PC-A1.2, PC-A1.3, and PC-A1.4B were issued.}} {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RA2''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA meter stamp PC-A2.jpg|right|380px]] '''PC-A2.''' March 2000. {{space|2}} [S] : As Type PC-A1.2 but the inscriptions are larger. : "e-stamp.com" at bottom left below the barcode. : With PDF(7) 2-D barcode across the bottom. : ID# with 053E prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $ 0'''.'''00 : <u>Mail classes</u>: ^{{{font|color=red|♦}}} :: '''A'''. First-Class ({{font|size=2|''with hyphen''}}) :: '''B'''. Priority Mail {{space|2}} [S] [[File: USA PC-A2a.jpg|right|380px]] :: '''a'''. With "Additional" instead of mail class above "US Postage" ({{font|size=2|''see below''}}) {{space|2}} [R] :: '''b'''. "Mailed From ZIP Code" town line with 4-digit ZIP code instead of normal 5-digit code {{space|2}} [RR] {{font|color=red|♦}} {{font|size=2|"Express" (or "Express Mail") was an option but has not been reported by collectors.}} ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-B: Franks from Neopost software, ID numbers with 04#N or NO4#N prefix}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * The stamp designs are quite different from each other. One has a four-pointed star logo, two have a torch in hand logo, and one has no logo. Even the bar codes are dissimilar. * Neopost was the second company to enter the PC postage business with an experimental design sometime in early 1998. Circumstances of the trial remain unknown to us. * Stamps are found both with and without FIM barcode at top left. Examples are not known with slogan or slug. * <u>Classes of mail seen on PC-B stamps</u>: ::{| | '''A.''' {{space|4}} FIRST CLASS LTR [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|35px]] | '''F.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 2 [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|35px]] | '''M.''' {{space|4}} INTL LETTER |- | {{space|4}} '''Aa.''' {{space|4}} 1ST CLASS LTR | '''G.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 3 | '''N.''' {{space|4}} INTL CAN LTR |- | '''B.''' {{space|4}} 1ST CLASS OVERSZ | '''H.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 4 | '''P.''' {{space|4}} INTL MEX LTR |- | {{space|4}} '''Ba.''' {{space|4}} 1ST CLASS OVSZ | '''I.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 5 | '''Q.''' {{space|4}} NEXT DAY EXP MAIL |- | '''C'''. {{space|4}} PRIORITY MAIL | '''J.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 6 | '''R.''' {{space|4}} MEDIA MAIL |- | '''D.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY LOCAL | '''K.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 7 |- | '''E.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 1 | '''L.''' {{space|4}} PRIORITY ZONE 8 |} * Mail classes E through L were discontinued in June 2002. Examples are exceptionally rare. Most mail classes except the First Class variations are scarce to very rare. * Neopost PC stamps became available nationally in May 1999. {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} {{font/end}} ---- <br> '''PC-B1.''' {{font|color=green|''The stamp previously cataloged here has not been found used on actual mail. For this reason the Type has been deleted and the stamp re-cataloged as Type ESY-DF2 in the Essay section.''}} {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RC1''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-D1.jpg|right|360px]] '''PC-B2. ”Postage Plus”™''', '''“PC Stamp™”''', 1998. {{space|2}} [RRR] : This too is an experimental stamp. It was first seen in live tests in and near Washington DC and parts of northern California. It was offered nationally in May 1999 but saw little use. : The stamp was used by two different systems, "Postage Plus" which used a live internet connection, and "PC Stamp" which downloaded postage credit into a rented hardware vault. : The design shows at top right two horizontal bars with "U.S. POSTAGE" above the top one and the town line below the bottom one. Between the bars at right are a torch-in-hand logo left of small "U.S. POSTAGE" reading up. Also between the ars are the class of mail, the value figures (centered), and the date. : PDF417(7) barcode across the bottom : With "DEVICE and identification number at bottom right. : Meter number with N041N, N041NA, or 041N prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 :: '''a'''. With "CORRECTION" at bottom left :: '''b'''. With "FIM" baarcode at top left {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RC2a''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA meter stamp PC-B3.1.jpg|right|390px]] '''PC-B3.1. “Simply Postage”™''', 1998. {{space|2}} [RR] : Produced by an internet-connected labeling device. : Similar to PC-B2 with torch-in-hand logo and point of sale data mixed with two horizontal bars, but otherwise quite different. : The stamp is found only on self-adhesive labels with rounded corners and fluorescent red bar across the bottom edge. : "U.S. POSTAGE" is vertical at far right just left of a double line of micro-printing reading "NEOPOSTNEOPOST..." vertically. : Between the bars are the identification number, value figures, and date. Below the bottom bar is the town line, '''MAILED FROM''' and ZIP code. : Stamp with "PDF417(9)" bar code. : Meter number with N042N prefix. : Large value figures, 4½ to 5mm tall : V/F: {{space|4}} $Ø'''.'''ØØ ({{font|size=2|''with slashed zeros''}}) {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RC2b''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-D2.jpg|right|380px]] '''PC-B3.2. “Simply Postage” '''. {{space|2}} [RR] : As Type PC-B3.1 but the value figures have a tenths of a cent figure. : Stamp with "PDF417(9)" bar code. : Meter number with N042N prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $Ø'''.'''ØØ<u>ø</u> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''SA1A''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-F1A.jpg|right|330px]] '''PC-B4.1. “ProMail” ''', 1998? {{space|2}} [S] : Produced by an internet-connected labeling device. : Also printed on self-adhesive labels this stamp is much smaller than the PC-B3 stamps and contains the point-of-sale data at left and a square "Datamatrix (DM-4)" bar code at right. : Point-of-sale data have the value figures at top followed by the class of mail, '''MAILED FROM''' (ZIP code) town line, "U.S. POSTAGE", date and identification number. : Fluorescent bar at far left just outside two lines of micro-printing reading "NEOPOSTNEOPOST..." vertically. : Meter number with 045N prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $Ø'''.'''ØØø {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''SA1B''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-F1B.jpg|right|330px]] '''PC-B4.2. “ProMail” '''. {{space|2}} [S] : As Type PC-B4.1 but the value figures are slightly larger and the text is slightly bolder. : square "Datamatrix (DM-4)" bar code at right. : Labels have fluorescent bar at right. : Meter number with 047N prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $Ø'''.'''ØØø {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-C: Franks generated by software from Stamps.com (StampMaster before 1999), ID numbers with 06#S prefix}}==== {{font/top|color=#0018A8|size=3}} * The first stamp design has a negative {{space|1}}<font size=4><font color=black>'''S'''</font></font>{{space|1}} in oval logo. All others contain {{space|1}}<font size=4><font color=black>'''stamps.com'''</font></font>{{space|1}} somewhere in the design. Some time after Stamps.com acquired Endicia in November 2015 (see Sub-group PC-E) the logo {{space|1}}<font size=4><font color=black>'''stamps'''_{'''endicia'''}</font></font>{{space|1}} came into use. * The stamps are found both with and without a FIM barcode at upper left. * <u>Mail classes found with PC-C stamps</u>: :: {{space|4}} FIRST CLASS, FIRST CLASS MAIL, FCI (first class international) <font color=red>♦</font> :: {{space|4}} PRIORITY MAIL <font color=red>♦</font> :: {{space|4}} EXPRESS MAIL <font color=red>♦</font> :: {{space|4}} MEDIA MAIL <font color=red>♦</font> : <font color=red>♦</font> Collectors should be aware that the primary mail classes are found in a multitude of variations. For example, FIRST CLASS can be found as FIRST-CLASS PKG RATE, FIRST-CLASS MAIL PARCEL, FIRST-CLASS PACKAGE INTL, USPS FIRST CLASS MAIL, etc.. We do not know them all. Please inform the catalog manager regarding something different ("'''Alan Knutson, boris1951@charter.net'''") if possible also include a scan. * The StampMaster/stamps.com system was first trialed in the Washington DC area and in parts of California sometime before August 1998. It was made available nationally on September 27, 1999. * PC stamps on labels the sizes of which are recommended by the '''USPS''', the sizes are 4 inches by 6 inches ('''FS''') in two subvarieties, 4 inches by 4 inches ('''FF'''), 6 inches by 2 inches ('''ST'''), and a form for customs declaration included. Many illustrations in the listings are of size 'FS' but with only one or two of the 5 or six horizontal sections of the label. [[File: ST size.png|right|200px]] [[File: FS5 size.jpg|left|200px]] [[File: FF size.png|center|200px]] [[File: CF size.png|center|400px]] {{font/end}} <br>{{center/top}}* * * {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>Several stamps in Group Q resemble stamps in Group PC. If you don't find what you are looking for here, check there.''}}{{center/end}} <br><br> <br> ---- <br><br> [[File: USMETER22041502.png|right|300px]] {{font/top|size=2|color=red}} '''Type Note: In the following listings, the descriptions will often include specific details regarding the mailing label "'''size FS5 (with 5 horizontal boxes, A thru E) or size FS6 (with six horizontal boxes, A thru F)'''", they will referenced as follows''' ::::: Panel or Box A: '''USPS insignia''' ('' sometimes not present'') ::::: Panel or Box B: oftentimes subdivided {{font|size=2|color=blue|['''USPS''' ''Service Icon/ Postage Payment'']}} ::::::: Box B1 "'''F, P.'''" etc,{{font|size=2|color=blue| ['''USPS''' ''Service Icon'']}} ::::::: Box B2 includes, barcode, date, identification number {{font|size=2|color=blue|['''USPS''' ''Postage Payment'']}} ::::: Panel or Box C: Mail Class {{font|size=2|color=blue|['''USPS''' ''Service Banner'']}} ::::: Panel or Box D: Address {{font|size=2|color=blue|['''USPS''' ''Address and Delivery Information Segment'']}} ::::: Panel or Box E: Tracking number/Bar code {{font|size=2|color=blue|['''USPS''' ''Intelligent Mail package barcode segment'']}} ::::: Panel or Box F: often times blank ('' sometimes not present'') {{font|size=2|color=blue|['''USPS''' ''Additional Information and User Segment'']}} : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]'''</u> {{font/end}} <br><br> ---- <br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RB1''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-C1.jpg|right|340px]] '''PC-C1. StampMaster''', summer 1998. {{space|2}} [RRRR] : Experimental stamp with negative “S”/Internet Postage logo at top center. : At top right are value figures, mail class, "US POSTAGE”, and date. : "PDF417(7)" bar code across bottom with town line below at left and identification number below at right. : Identification number with 061S prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RB2''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-C2.jpg|right|360px]] '''PC-C2.1. stamps.com''', 1999. : As Type PC-C1 but with "stamps.com" logo instead of the '''S''' in oval logo. : "FIM" barcode at upper left : At top right are the value figures, date, "US POSTAGE", mail class, and town line. : 2-D barcode PDF417(6} across lower portion : "STAMPS.COM" is below left of the bar code. : Identification number with 061S or 062S prefix below right of bar code. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> [[File: USA PC-C2 redate.jpg|right|180px]] :: '''a'''. With "ADDITIONAL POSTAGE" instead of class of mail below "US Postage" :: '''b'''. With "CORRECTION" instead of class of mail below "US Postage" :: '''c'''. With bottom line missing, blank below bar code :: '''d'''. Bottom line present but without bar code :: '''e'''. With "MAIL TO:" and ZIP code above left of the bar code :: '''f'''. With nonsense characters across the bottom (''system malfunction'') '''NOTES''': * The "stamps.com" logo can vary considerably in size. * The system could produce a re-date stamp without postage value, as shown (''right''). * For a similar type inscribed "'''Stamps /Endicia '''" see "'''PC-C8'''" {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RB3''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-C3.jpg|right|360px]] [[File: USA PC-C3 redate.jpg|right|200px]] '''PC-C2.2.''' 2000. : As Type PC-C2.1 but with larger inscriptions. : Identification number with 062S prefix below right of 2D "PDF417(6)" barcode. : Town line with town, state and ZIP code or with '''MAILED FROM''' and ZIP code. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> [[File:USA stamp type PC2p2 label.jpg|right|360px]] :: '''a'''. With "ADDITIONAL POSTAGE" instead of class of mail below "US Postage" :: '''b'''. With "CORRECTION" instead of class of mail below "US Postage" :: '''c'''. With bottom line missing (blank below bar code) :: '''d'''. With "MAIL TO:" and ZIP code above left of the bar code :: '''e'''. With mailer's name replacing town line :: '''f'''. With "'''FIM'''" barcode at the upper left. '''NOTES''': * The NOTES below PC-C2.1 apply to PC-C2.2 also. * These stamps can be printed directly to the mail piece or on labels. Stamps.com provided L-shaped labels with pink fluorescent bars along the top and right. * For a similar type inscribed "'''Stamps /Endicia '''" see "'''PC-C8'''" [[File: USA PC-C4B.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-C2.3.1''' 2005. : At top left: postage value above "US POSTAGE" and class of mail. : At top right: meter identification number with 062S prefix above "FROM" and ZIP code. : "Stamps.com” logo at far right of 2D "PDF417(7)" barcode. : Basic stamp without framing : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00 '''PC-C2.3.2''' : "Stamps / Endicia” logo at far right of 2D "PDF417(7)" barcode. : At top left: postage value above "US POSTAGE" and class of mail. : At top right: meter identification number with 062S prefix above "FROM" and ZIP code. : Stamp at top right of address label (FS5) with large mail class indicator to its left and the class of mail spelled out below. : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00 '''PC-C2.3.3''' : As '''PC-C2.3.2''', [[File: PC-C2.3.3p.png|right|500px]] : "Stamps.com” logo at far right of 2D "PDF417(7)" barcode. : Stamp at top right of address label (FS5) with large mail class indicator to its left. : Class of mail spelled out below V/F, with type of pricing below : At top right: meter identification number with 062S prefix above customer ID, above "FROM" and ZIP code. : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00 '''PC-C2.4.1''' 2005. : As Type PC-C2.3 but with rate statement instead of value figures. : Stamps.com logo right of "PDF417(7)" barcode. : "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" at top left above rate statement. : Meter number with 062S prefix above mailer’s Zip code at top right. :: '''A'''. 2 lines at upper right, Meter number/zip code ::: '''1'''. Basic stamp without framing[[File: USA PC-C5A.jpg|right|400px]] ::: '''2'''. Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator or solid block to its left and the class of mail spelled out below.[[File: USA PC-C5B.jpg|right|540px]] {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5? | BLACK | '''VIII''' | 062S0005418699 | | A7 | B0 | C5 | 11/21/2005 | 02845 | | |- | FS5 | '''1''' | '''I''' | 062S0005715741 | | A6 | B3 | C1 | 09/06/2011 | 66030 | GARDNER, KS | Box F split horizontally in two, "Thank You" in bottom half. |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0008902567 | | A2 | B3 | C1 | 05/28/2014 | 19803 | Wilmington, DE | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0008902567 | | A2 | B3 | C1 | 06/02/2014 | 19803 | Wilmington, DE | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0008902567 | | A2 | B3 | C1 | 07/15/2014 | 19803 | Wilmington, DE | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0009143056 | | A2 | B3 | C1 | 02/20/2018 | 08080 | Mount Holly, NJ | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0009151784 | | A2 | B3 | C1 | 06/01/2015 | 92154 | San Diego, CA | |} :: '''B'''. 3 lines at upper right, Meter number / customer ID number / zip code ::: '''2'''. Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator or solid block to its left and the class of mail spelled out below. [[File:USA stamp type PC-C2point4b.jpeg|right|400px]] '''NOTE''': Sub-type '''B''' has been found printed directly onto a plastic bag. See image below.[[File:USA meter stamp PC-C2p4 NOTE.JPG|right|300px]] <br><br> '''PC-C2.4.2''' 2005. : As Type PC-C2.3 but with rate statement instead of value figures. : With "'''stamps / endicia'''" replacing the stamps.com logo right of "PDF417(7)" barcode. : "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" at top left above rate statement. : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> <br><br> :: '''PC-C2.4.2A.0'''. 2 lines at upper right, Meter number/zip code (Box B2). ::: {{space|10}} Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator (of various sizes) or solid block to its left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C). ::::: '''-1''' Prefix "'''026W'''" {{font/top|size=2}} : ’’’Known usage’’’: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''I''' | 026W00048272786 | | A1 | B1 | C3 | 04/11/2022 | 07036 | LINDEN, NJ | Box F: order info? |- | | | | | | | | | | | | |- | | | | | | | | | | | |} {{font/end}} <br><br> ::::: '''-2''' Prefix "'''062S'''" {{font/top|size=2}} [[File: PC-C2.4.2A.png|right|450px]] {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''1''' | '''XXXIV''' | 062S0000618312 | | A6 | | C5 | 01/02/2020 | 92373 | INGLEWOOD CA | Box E: Blank, no tracking #, Framed |- | FS5 | '''1''' | '''XXXIV''' | 062S0000618312 | | A6 | | C5 | 01/30/2020 | 92373 | INGLEWOOD CA | Box E: Blank, no tracking #, |- | FS5 | '''E''' | '''XXXV''' | 062S0006097059 | | A19 | B2 | C3 | 11/25/2019 | 45177 | VALENCIA CA | Order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | III | 062S0009416802 | | A1 | B1 | C3 | 05/10/2022 | 14150 | | Order info, framed |} {{font/end}} <br><br> :: '''PC-C2.4.2A.1'''. 2 lines at upper right, Meter number/zip code (Box B2).[[File: PC-C2.4.2A.1 250331.png|right|450px]] ::: {{space|10}} Similar to "'''PC-C2.4.2A.0'''" ::: {{space|10}} "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID IMI" at top left above rate statement. ::: {{space|10}} New "'''Stamps'''" logo ::: {{space|10}} Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator (of various sizes) or solid block to its left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C). ::: {{space|10}} Mail class indicator using "'''New Helvetica'''" font as opposed to "'''Arial Block'''" in "'''PC-C2.4.2A.0'''". ::: {{space|10}} Prefix "'''063S'''" ::: {{space|10}} For similar item with with three lines in upper right and "'''Arial Block'''" font see "'''PC-C2.4.3'''" <br><br> {{font/top|size=2|color=black}} :: '''PC-C2.4.2B'''. 3 lines at upper right, Meter number / customer ID number / zip code ('''Box B2'''). '''Box F''' blank or with Proprietary info. :::{{space|10}}Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator (of various sizes) or solid block to its left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C). ::: {{space|10}} PDF417(7) across bottom [[File:USA meter stamp PC-C2p4ccc.jpg|right|450px]] : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5? | BLACK | '''VIII''' | 062S0001435225 | 11675116 | A7 | B1 | | 02/24/2023 | 91311 | CHATSWORTH, CA | BOX F: order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S00014423-- | 8014-- | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/12/2022 | 84032 | HEBER CITY, UT | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442380 | 9726250 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/15/2022 | 28674 | PINEHURST, NC | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442584 | 7557381 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/21/2022 | 37211 | NASHVILLE, TN | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442597 | 7395525 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 01/10/2023 | 90058 | VERNON, CA | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442618 | 7395525 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 01/10/2023 | 92618 | IRVINE, CA | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442648 | 7535523 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/15/2022 | 54115 | DE PERE, WI | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442652 | 7535523 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/16/2022 | 54115 | DE PERE, WI | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442674 | 7460441 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/21/2022 | 63367 | LAKE SAINT LOUIS, MO | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001442685 | 9619750 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 01/11/2023 | 94931 | COTATI, CA | Box F= order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S000144269- | 7395525 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 01/11/2023 | 90058 | VERNON, CA | Box F= order info |- | FS5? | '''P''' | '''V''' | 062S0001443299 | 6080690 | A5 | B5 | C4 | 11/17/2022 | 32174 | ORMOND BEACH, FL | |- | FS5? | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001484855 | 17633955 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 03/08/2023 | 68048 | PLATTSMOUTH, (NE) | PC malfunction? Missing Box B2 barcode and insignia |- | FS5? | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0009145384 | 8290678 | A1 | B3 | C1 | 02/05/2018 | 98338 | GRAHAM, WA | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0008589402 | 7557381 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 09/19/2022 | 37211 | NASHVILLE, TN | |- | FS5? | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0009146178 | 8239329 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 09/21/2022 | 60543 | OSWEGO, IL | Box F order info |- | FS5? | '''F''' | '''I''' | 062S0009564660 | 7778491 | A1 | B3 | C3 | 10/22/2018 | 91304 | CANOGA PARK, CA | BOX F with Business Info |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 062S0009564879 | 7733098 | A20 | B6 | C3 | 10/17/2022 | 33619 | TAMPA, FL | |- | FS5? | '''1''' | '''I''' | 062S0009565018 | 10860336 | A4 | B0 | C5 | 04/06/2020 | 33458 | JUPITER, FL | |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 062S0010887747 | 8128979 | A3 | B1 | C4 | 06/13/2022 | 33167 | MIAMI, FL | BOX F with Prop Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''II''' | 062S0010937521 | 10709064 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 02/08/2021 | 92648 | HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''X''' | '''II''' | 062S0010984631 | 10354575 | A8 | B2 | C3 | 04/27/2020 | 11791 | SYOSSET, FL (ERROR FOR NY) | BOX F ORDER Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0011128915 | 8051382 | A2 | B1 | C3 | 10/19/2020 | 53715 | MADISON, WI | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0011129014 | 8051382 | A2 | B1 | C3 | 09/30/2020 | 53715 | MADISON, WI | |- | FS5? | '''P''' | '''IV''' | 062S0011682632 | 10232544 | A3 | B1 | C4 | 02/08/2021 | 31558 | SAINT MARYS, GA | |- | FS4? | '''P''' | '''IV''' | 062S0011682632 | 10232544 | A3 | B1 | C4 | 09/29/2022 | 31558 | SAINT MARYS, GA | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0011692109 | 9897299 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 09/19/2022 | 30101 | ACWORTH, GA | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0012584392 | 5455555 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 10/27/2020 | 33458 | JUPITER, FL | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0012584433 | 16035441 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 09/19/2022 | 84096 | HERRIMAN, UT | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0012584494 | 6916215 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 09/21/2022 | 85298 | GILBERT, AZ | |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 062S0012584517 | 17771454 | A5 | B5 | C4 | 08/22/2022 | 32401 | PANAMA CITY, FL | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0012584551 | 7778491 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 06/12/2020 | 91311 | CHATSWORTH, CA | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0012584560 | 17663543 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 09/21/2022 | 27525 | FUQUAY VARINA, NC | Please Do Not Bend |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0012584561 | 8072505 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 06/28/2022 | 06475 | OLD SAYBROOK, CT | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0013352599 | 10538570 | A1 | B1 | C4 | 09/21/2022 | 45249 | CINCINNATI, OH | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0013352605 | 8072505 | A1 | B2 | C3 | 06/28/2022 | 06475 | OLD SAYBROOK, CT | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950040 | 10137355 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 11/16/2022 | 38474 | MOUNT PLEASANT, TN | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950074 | 8014787 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 12/15/2022 | 84032 | HEBER CITY, UT | Box F:Thank You For Your Order |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 062S0014950080 | 8014787 | A5 | B4 | C4 | 12/12/2022 | 84032 | HEBER CITY, UT | BOX F "Thank you for your order!" |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 062S0014950085 | 9765391 | A5 | B5 | C4 | 11/11/2022 | 84606 | SPRINGVILLE, UT | BOX F with order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950089 | 9716903 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 11/02/2022 | 83442 | AMMON, ID | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950092 | 9728837 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 11/10/2022 | 84026 | FORT DUCHESNE, UT | BOX F with Order Info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950241 | 8570771 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 11/19/2022 | 84062 | PLEASANT GROVE, UT | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950278 | 17957223 | A1 | B1 | C3 | 01/03/2023 | 78245 | SAN ANTONIO, TX | |- | FS5? | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 062S0014950365 | 580628? | A6 | B2 | C3 | 09/13/2023 | 75041 | | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950507 | 6080690 | A2 | B1 | C3 | 11/17/2022 | 32174 | ORMOND BEACH, FL | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0014950544 | 10875452 | A2 | B1 | C3 | 03/14/2023 | 19317 | CHADDS FORD, PA | |} {{font/end}} <br><br> {{font/top|size=2|color=black}} :: '''PC-C2.4.2C.0'''. ''2023'' ::: {{space|10}} 3 lines at upper right, Meter number / customer ID number / zip code ('''Box B2'''). ::: {{space|10}} Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator (of various sizes) or solid block to its left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C). ::: {{space|10}} Large mail class indicator font is "'''Arial Nova Bold'''" ::: {{space|10}} PDF417(8) across bottom : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> [[File: PC-C2.4.2C.0 250331.png|right|450px]] {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''VI''' | 062S0001442545 | 7537397 | A3 | B1 | C7 | 01/22/2024 | 48212 | HAMTRAMCK, MI | Box F: Order info. |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 062S0001443325 | 11683909 | A2 | B2 | C3 | 06/28/2023 | 46323 | HAMMOND, IN | |- | FS5 | BLACK FILL | '''VIII''' | 062S0014949809 | 7542988 | A7 | B1 | | 03/25/2024 | 80116 | FRANKTOWN, CO | |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 062S0014950062 | 9717116 | A9 | B2 | C3 | 03/16/2024 | 98467 | UNIVERSITY PL, WA | Box F: Order Info |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 062S0014950187 | 4998344 | A9 | B2 | C3 | 02/27/2024 | 91761 | ONTARIO, CA | Box F: Order Info |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 062S0014950544 | 19750766 | A9 | B2 | C7 | 08/22/2024 | 93105 | SANTA BARBARA, CA | Green band at top and a portion of left |- | FS5? | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 062S0014950560 | 17195820 | A9 | B2 | C3 | 10/12/2023 | 85013 | PHOENIX, AZ | |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | ? | 6636835 | A14 | B6 | C7 | 05/01/2024 | 43228 | COLUMBUS, OH | Box F: Order Info |} {{font/end}} <br><br><br> {{font/top|size=2|color=black}} :: '''PC-C2.4.2C.1'''. ''2024''[[File: PC-C2.4.2C.png|right|450px]] ::: {{space|10}} 3 lines at upper right, Meter number / customer ID number / zip code ('''Box B2'''). ::: {{space|10}} Stamp at top right of address label with large mail class indicator (of various sizes) or solid block to its left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C). ::: {{space|10}} Large mail class indicator font is "'''New Helvetica Bold'''" ::: {{space|10}} PDF417(8) across bottom : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 062S0001443239 | 6928035 | A9 | B2 | C3 | 01/22/2024 | 91733 | EL MONTE, CA | Box F: Order info. |} {{font/end}} <br><br><br> '''PC-C2.4.3''' 2024.[[File: PC-C2.4.3.png|right|450px]] ::: {{space|10}} As Type PC-C2.3 but with rate statement instead of value figures. ::: {{space|10}} With new "'''Stamps '''" logo replacing the stamps / endicia logo at the right of "PDF417(8)" barcode. ::: {{space|10}} "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID IMI" at top left above rate statement. ::: {{space|10}} ID number with 063S prefix above mailer’s Zip code at top right. ::: {{space|10}} For similar item with with two lines in upper right and "'''New Helvetica'''" font see "'''PC-C2.4.2A.1'''" : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> <br><br> '''PC-C2.4.4''' 2025.[[File: PC-C2.4.4 250802.png|right|450px]] ::: {{space|10}} As Type PC-C2.3 but with rate statement instead of value figures. ::: {{space|10}} With new "'''Stamps '''" logo at top right. ::: {{space|10}} "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID IMI" at top left above rate statement. ::: {{space|10}} ID number with 063S prefix above mailer's ID number and mailer’s Zip code at top right below "'''Stamps'''" logo. <br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-C10.jpg|right|880px]] <br><br><br> '''PC-C2.5. ''' '''PC-C2.5.1 ''' 2014. : Similar to Type PC-C2.4 but the manufacturer's logo is above the right end of the "PDF417{8)" barcode. : Meter number with 062S prefix. : Manufacturer's logo is "'''stamps.com'''". With "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" instead of value figures. <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-C2.5C.jpg|right|890px]] [[File: USA meter stamp PC-C2p5B.jpg|right|860px]] '''PC-C2.5.2 ''' 2014. : Similar to Type PC-C2.4 but the manufacturer's logo is above the right end of the "PDF417{8)" barcode. : Meter number with 062S prefix. : Manufacturer's logo is "'''stamps endicia'''". :: '''A'''. With value figures: {{spaces|5}} $00'''.'''00 :: '''B'''. With "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" instead of value figures. <br><br><br> <br><br><br> [[File:USA meter stamp PC-C2p7.jpg|right|880px]] '''PC-C2.5.3''' ''2012.'' : Very similar to Type PC-C2.4 but with date between the "FROM" (ZIP code) and the Stamps.com logo. : Seen with tracking number at right of the frank, on a customs form. : Meter number with 062S prefix. : PDF417(7) barcode <br><br><br> {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>For information on the various types of 2 dimensional barcodes see introduction to "'''Group PC'''" above''}} <br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC2point6.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-C2.6.0.''' ''2015.'' : Very similar to Type PC-C2.3B but "U.S. POSTAGE" is right of the value figures rather than below them. : Meter number with 062S prefix. : PDF417(7) barcode : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00 :: '''A'''. Manufacturer's logo is '''stamps.com''' :: '''B'''. Manufacturer's logo is '''stamps endicia'''[[File: PC-C2.6B.png|right|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C2.6.1.''' ''2025.'' : As Type PC-C2.6.0 but "U.S. POSTAGE imi" is to the right of the value figures.[[File: PC-C2.6.1.png|right|500px]] : Meter number with 062S prefix. : PDF417(7) barcode : New '''Stamps''' logo to the right of the bar code. : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00 <br><br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-G2B.jpg|right|580px]] '''PC-C2.7.1.''' : With "DPDF417" barcode as with Types PC-C2.1 through PC-C2.5 but without "stamps.com" logo. : Top panel contains USPS eagle logo and '''Click-N-Ship'''&reg; logo. : Value figures and "US POSTAGE" at left. : Tracking number above the barcode. : Identification number with 062S prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00, {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 :: '''a'''. With "Commercial Base Pricing" immediately below the 2D barcode <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-G4B.jpg|right|1000px]] [[File: USA stamp type PC-G4.jpg|right|1000px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C2.7.2.''' : Similar to Type PC-C2.7.1 but very wide imprint with '''Click-N-Ship'''&reg; logo above usps.com (without the eagle-head logo)/ "US POSTAGE / PAID" at left. : Along the bottom are the weight, date, Mailed from ZIP code, and meter identification number with "062S" prefix. : ''It appears that this stamp is generated only for International Priority and Express mail services.'' : Two versions are known: :: '''A'''. Tracking barcode at far left in the panel. Smaller lower panel contains the mail class statement. :: '''B'''. Smaller stamp, traditional barcode at center of panel, USPS logo at far left. A Customs Declaration statement appears above the traditional barcode. No lower panel containing a mail class statement, and no indication anywhere of the mail service being used. <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C2.8''' 2020. : With barcode as with all previous PC-C2 types but with the value figures and "US POSTAGE" at top above the date and "Mailed from ZIP" and ZIP code. : Below the bar code is the '''stamps endicia''' logo at left and the identification number at right. : The identification number prefix is uncertain as the stamp we have seen appears to suffer from a software glitch. (See the illustration.) : PDF417(4) barcode : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 :: '''A'''. Manufacturer's logo is '''stamps endicia''' large [[File: USA meter stamp PC-C2.8.jpg|right|500px]] :: '''B'''. Manufacturer's logo is '''stamps endicia''' small [[File: PC-C2.8B.png|right|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-C2.9.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-C2.9''' 2021. : Similar to PC-C2.8 but with a rate statement rather than value figures. : Above the "PDF417(7)" bar code: :- US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID :- date, Mailed from ZIP [code] :- weight and rate statement(s) : Below the bar code: '''stamps endicia''' logo at left and the identification number with 062S prefix at right :: '''A'''. Large "'''stamps / endicia'''" logo, 062S with 7 digits :: '''B'''. Small "'''stamps / endicia'''" logo, 062S with 10 digits, FS5 label [[File: PC-C2.9B.png|right|450px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-C6.jpg|right|140px]] '''PC-C3.1.''' 2007. : Stamp with horizontal "IBI Lite" barcode. : Small frank with value figures at top above "U.S. POSTAGE", class of mail, "FROM" ZIP code, and date. : Below the date are the stamps.com logo, the barcode, and identification number at bottom. : Identification number with 062S prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> [[File: USA stamp type PC-C7.jpg|right|195px]] [[File: USA meter stamp PC-C3.2aa.jpg|right|175px]] '''PC-C3.2.1''' : As Type PC-C3.1 but the "IBI Lite" barcode is vertical at right next to the identification number reading down at far right. : '''Stamps.com''' logo, identification number with '''062S''' prefix. : Town line "FROM" and ZIP code : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> :: '''a'''. Identification number omitted (possible printer misalignment) :: '''b'''. Town line without ZIP code showing "FROM" alone [[File: USA stamp type PC3p2 label.jpg|right|360px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C3.2.2'''. '''stamps_endicia''' logo, identification number with '''062S''' prefix. :: '''a'''. Identification number omitted (possible printer misalignment) :: '''c'''. Numeric month in date, as: {{space|4}} 00/00/2018[[File: USA meter stamp PC-C3.2C label.jpeg|right|380px]] :: '''d'''. With "FIM" barcode to left <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C3.2.3''' ''2025'' : As Type PC-C3.2.1 but the "IBI Lite" barcode is vertical at right next to the identification number reading down at far right. : "'''US POSTAGE IMI'''" : tHE NEW '''Stamps.com''' logo, identification number with '''063S''' prefix. : Town line "FROM" and ZIP code : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> [[File: PC-C3.2.3 250217.png|right|360px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''NOTE''': These stamps can be printed directly to the mail piece or on labels. Stamps.com provided L-shaped labels with pink fluorescent bars along the top and right. Other label sizes and shapes exist. See below. <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File:USA meter stamp PC-C3p3.jpg|right|370px]] '''PC-C3.3.''' 2018. : Identification number and Stamps.com logo read down at far right. : From the top down, point-of-sale data is: :: Value figures :: '''US POSTAGE''' :: mail class :: ZIP code and date :: Horizontal IBI Lite bar code : Identification number with 062S prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> '''NOTE''': Seen on plain white self-adhesive labels with rounded corners. <br><br> [[File:USA meter stamp PC-C3.4 actual.jpg|right|370px]] '''PC-C3.4.''' 2021. : As Type PC-C3.3 but with '''stamps /endicia''' at right. : Identification number with 062S prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u> '''NOTE''': Seen on plain white self-adhesive labels with rounded corners. <br><br><br><br><br> [[File:PC-C3.2 250115.png|right|150px]] '''PC-C3.5.''' 2022. : Most similar to Type PC-C3.1 but without company identification. : Identification number with 062S prefix. ::::-A [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]<font size=2><font color=191970>: V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00<u>o</u>[[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]</font></font> ::::-B [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|8px]]<font size=2><font color=191970>: V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''000<u>o</u>[[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]</font></font> [[File:PC-C3.5B 250116.png|right|150px]] <br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA PC-F10.jpg|right|940px]] '''PC-C4.1.1.''' 2002. : Very wide design with large "Delivery Confirmation" 1D barcode at center and square Datamatrix barcode at right. : Above the 2D barcode are the weight, ZIP code, ID# with 062S prefix, and date. : At far left is the class of mail above “US POSTAGE & FEES PAID”. : Without value figures. The "stamps.com" logo is below the 2D barcode. <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C4.1.2.'''. With value figures but otherwise as '''PC-C4.1.''' ("stamps.com" logo below 2D barcode)[[File: USA meter stamp PC-C4.1D.jpg|right|940px]] <br><br><br> <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C4.2.1.'''. With "stamps.com" logo and value figures at top above the 2D barcode: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 ("stamps.com" logo at top)[[File: USA stamp type PC-F10B.jpg|right|940px]] :: '''a'''. Without tracking barcode at center[[File: USA stamp type PC-F10aa.jpg|right|400px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C4.2.2.'''. Without value figures but otherwise as '''PC-C4.2.1.''' <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>Several stamps in Group Q resemble stamps in Group PC. If you don't find what you are looking for here, check there.''}} '''PC-C4.3.'''. As '''PC-C4.1.1.''', with new company logo, '''stamps indicia'''[[File: USA meter stamp PC-C4.1E.jpg|right|940px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-C9 complete.jpg|right|540px]] '''PC-C5.1.''' 2011. : The point-of-sale text is immediately to the left of the square Datamatrix barcode rather than above. : The frank appears unframed at the top of an address label. : Identification number with 062S prefix. : The country name is not in or near the frank, but "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" is found at bottom below the mail class. : With value figures : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C5.2.'''. As '''PC-C5.1.''',Without value figures[[File: USA stamp type PC-C9B.jpeg|right|540px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C5.3.'''. As '''PC-C5.2.''', with new company logo, '''stamps / endicia'''[[File: PC-C5.3.png|right|540px]] <br><br> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C6.1.''' 2020. [[File:USA meter stamp PC-C4.3.jpg|right|390px]] : ”'''stamps/endicia'''” logo reads down at right of the 2D barcode, and the ID number is below the barcode. : Meter Identification number with 062S prefix. : Value figures and "US POSTAGE", mail class, date, "Mailed from ZIP" and code. V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> <br><br><br> {{font/top|size=2|color=black}} '''PC-C6.2.'''. As'''PC-C6.1.''', Without value figures. "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" at top : ”'''stamps/endicia'''” logo reads down at right of the 2D barcode, and the ID number is below the barcode. : Meter Identification number with 062S or 071S prefix. :::: '''A'''. Small Mail Class letter, shorter than the barcode.[[File:PC-C4.3B2.png|right|450px]] ::::: '''-1'''. Prefix "'''061S'''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''XXIX''' | 062S0001442198 | 11613058 | A14 | B2 | C7 | Jul 05 2024 | 54914 | APPLETON, WI | |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''XXIX''' | 062S0001442222 | 11613058 | A14 | B2 | C7 | Jun 07 2024 | 54914 | APPLETON, WI | |- | FS4 | BLACK | '''VIII''' | 062S0009761530 | 13928181 | A7 | B1 | | Feb 02 2023 | 48375 | NOVI, MI | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''X''' | 062S0010968105 | 12429570 | A10 | | C6 | Sep 20 2022 | 32207 | JACKSONVILLE, FL | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''XI''' | 062S0012584411 | 17222940 | A10 | | C6 | Aug 22 2022 | 33634 | TAMPA FL | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''XI''' | 062S0013352605 | 17222940 | A10 | | C6 | Aug 22 2022 | 33634 | TAMPA FL | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''XI''' | 062S0014950307 | 17222940 | A1 | B2 | C6 | Nov 10 2022 | 33634 | TAMPA FL | |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''XXIX''' | 062S0014949919 | 11613058 | A14 | B2 | C7 | Sep 04 2024 | 54914 | APPLETON, WI | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''XI''' | 062S0014950343 | 11746372 | A1 | B2 | C6 | Mar 06 2023 | 11716 | BOHEMIA NY | |} <br><br><br><br> ::::: '''-2'''. Prefix "'''071S'''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Form size ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Line A type ! Line B type ! Line C type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XI''' | 071S00894672 | | A10 | | C6 | Apr 15 2022 | 90021 | (RIALTO CA) | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XI''' | 071S00894672 | | A10 | | C6 | Feb 09 2023 | 90021 | (NEWARK NJ) | |} {{font/end}} <br><br><br><br> :::: '''B'''. Large Mail Class letter, taller than the barcode.[[File:USA meter stamp PC-C4.3B.jpg|right|450px]] <br><br><br><br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Types '''SE1''' and '''SE2''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-F7.jpg|right|540px]] [[File: USA PC-F8.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-C6.3.1.''' 2002.[[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|6px]]V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 : Downloaded directly from the Stamps.com web site. : Square Datamatrix barcode at right with "stamps.com" reading up to its right. : Text left justified as follows: : Value figures at top above "US POSTAGE", mail class, date, ID number, and ZIP code : Meter Identification number with 062S prefix. <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-C6.3.2.''' Without value figures. "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" above date, ID# with 062S prefix, ZIP code, rate statement <br><br><br><br> '''PC-C7 ''' 2023. [[File: PC-C7.png|right|400px]] : DataMatrix 2-D barcode at right : Manufacturer's logo is to the right of the "DataMatrix(4)" barcode. : "FIM" barcode at top left : Meter number with 062S prefix. : Manufacturer's logo is "'''stamps endicia'''". <br><br><br><br> '''PC-C8.''' 2025. [[File: PC-C8 250601.png|right|360px]] : Similar to types "'''PC-C2.1, PC-C2.2'''" : Corporate logo as "'''Stamps / Endicia '''" : Town line with town, state and ZIP code or with '''MAILED FROM''' and ZIP code. : Identification number with 062S prefix below right of 2D "PDF417(3)" barcode. : With "'''FIM'''" barcode at upper left : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 '''NOTES''': * These stamps can be printed directly to the mail piece or on labels. <br><br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-D: Franks from Pitney Bowes software, ID numbers with 02#P, 02#W, or 07#P prefix}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * The earlier stamps show logos consisting of an eagle's head and wing. Later stamps are generic, text and bar code only, but most include "Pitney Bowes" in the design. One stamp, Type PC-D4, does not include the company name and is identifiable as a Pitney Bowes product only by the identification number with "02" prefix. * Identification number prefixes seen so far are 022P, 024P, 022W, 026W and 071P. * Pitney Bowes PC stamps began field testing in the Washington DC area in December 1998. {{font/end}} {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>Several stamps in Group Q resemble stamps in Group PC. If you don't find what you are looking for here, check there.''}} ---- <br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D0A.jpg|right|415px]] [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D0B.jpg|right|415px]] '''PC-D0. “ClickStamp Online”''', probably 1998. {{space|2}} [''Exceptionally rare''] : Experimental stamp with small eagle profile image at upper right. Left of the eagle are the date, value figures, and “US POSTAGE” with three stars. Above the “'''PDF417'''(9)” barcode field are the identification number at left and “Mailed From Zip Code” and ZIP code. : Identification number with 022P000230 prefix. :: '''A'''. The type font is somewhat heavy. The "P" in the ID number has no serif. Three reported: ::: 1) ID number 022P0002300165, ZIP code 20260 ::: 2) ID number 022P0002306771, ZIP code 20032 ::: 3) ID number 022P0002307167, ZIP code 13057 :: '''B'''. The type font is somewhat lighter. The "P" in the ID number has serif at bottom. ID number 022P0002306600, ZIP code 20260 : V/F: {{space|2}} $ ~0.00^o : '''NOTE''': This stamp type was previously cataloged as an essay (ESY-DB4.4) until verifiably postally used covers were identified. <br><br><br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RD2''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-E2.jpg|right|415px]] '''PC-D1. “ClickStamp Online”''', 21 April 1999. {{space|2}} [''Exceptionally rare''] : Experimental stamp with eagle with wavy wing below "FIM" barcode. : Stamp with “'''PDF417'''(9)” barcode. : "US POSTAGE", date, value figures, ZIP code, and identification number stacked at right. : Identification number with 024P prefix. : Class of mail vertical at left side. : V/F: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00o : '''NOTE''': When printed on a color-capable printer, the wing of the eagle is (usually) in red. <br><br><br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RD3''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA meter stamp PC-D2p2A.jpg|right|415px]] [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D2p2B.jpg|right|430px]] '''PC-D2.1. “ClickStamp Online”''', 2000. : Similar to Type PC-D1 but straight eagle's wing above "PITNEY BOWES". : Identification number with 024P prefix. :: '''A'''. Inscribed "U.S. POSTAGE" with stops. "MAILED FROM ZIP CODE" one line, all capitals. :: '''B'''. Inscribed "US POSTAGE" without stops. "Mailed from ZIP Code" in two lines, mixed case. : V/F: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00o '''NOTES''': : 1) When printed on a color-capable printer, the wing of the eagle is (usually) in red. : 2) The system allows for a re-date stamp without postage value (as shown below). : 3) Pitney Bowes required at least some users of ClickStamp Online to send them a sample print once a year on an envelope marked withe the components of the user's system. (Example shown below right.) [[File: USA PC-E3 redate.jpg|left|330px]] [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D2.1 NOTE 3.jpeg|right|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RD4''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-E4.jpg|right|390px]] '''PC-D2.2. “ClickStamp Online”'''. : This is the postage correction frank used with the software system that produced type PC-D2.1. : The eagle is larger than with type PC-D2.1 and in line with the date which is above "U.S. POSTAGE" rather than below. : Large “POSTAGE CORRECTION” below eagle. : Identification number with 024P prefix. : Without town line or ZIP code. : V/F: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00o <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USMETER22041502.png|right|300px]] {{font/top|size=2|color=red}} '''Type Note: In the following listings, the descriptions will often include specific details regarding the mailing label, they will referenced as follows''' ::::: Panel or Box A: '''USPS insignia''' ('' sometimes not present'') ::::: Panel or Box B: oftentimes subdivided ::::::: Box B1 "'''F, P.'''" etc, ::::::: Box B2 includes, barcode, date, identification number ::::: Panel or Box C: Mail Class ::::: Panel or Box D: Address ::::: Panel or Box E: Tracking number/Bar code ::::: Panel or Box F: often times blank ('' sometimes not present'') {{font/end}} : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D3p1A.jpg|right|345px]] [[File: USA PC-F6.jpg|right|515px]] '''PC-D3.1A. "Shipstream Manager"'''. : As with PC-D1 through PC-D2.3, with "PDF417" barcode. : "US POSTAGE" or "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID", date, town line (Mailed from ZIP...) and rate above barcode. : Below the barcode are "Pitney Bowes" and the ID number with 071P prefix. : Basic stamp without framing. Top line contains value figures and "US POSTAGE". ::: V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 <br><br> '''PC-D3.1B. "Shipstream Manager"'''. : Box B2 "US POSTAGE" or "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID", date, town line (Mailed from ZIP...) and rate above "PDF417" barcode. : The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left and the class of mail spelled out below. Top line "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID". With rate statement instead of value figures. : No Box A, Box B the dividing line extends the entire height of the box. : Identification number 071P prefix :: '''A'''. "'''FCM'''" in Box B1 ::: '''a'''. Box B2 "'''US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID'''"/DATE "Mailed from ZIP" / / "PDF417" barcode / "Pitney Bowes" Identification number :::: '''1'''. Box C: "'''USPS FIRST CLASS'''" ::::: '''-a'''. Box B2: 3rd line "1oz First-Class Parcel rate" <br><br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RD5''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA stamp type PC-G1A.jpg|right|530px]] [[File: USA PC-G1B.jpg|right|550px]] '''PC-D3.2.''' : Found only on labels downloaded from internet vendor eBay. : In panel across the top are the USPS eagle logo at left and the '''eBay''' logo at right. : Inside the stamp frame: "US POSTAGE PAID" and rate statement centered above the "PDF417" barcode. : Below the barcode are "Pitney Bowes" and the identification number with 024P prefix. : Large rate indicator in frame at left. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 or nil : {{font|size=2|color=red|See also '''PC-D3.3B.6'''}} :: '''A'''. With value figures :: '''B'''. Without value figures but with rate statement <br><br> '''PC-D3.3'''. : Similar to Type PC-D3.2, : A large label formatted with as many as 7 subsections ("'''boxes'''") : Below "'''Box A'''" if present, or at the top there are two boxes ("'''Box B1'''" at the left and "'''Box B2'''" at the right) : Within "'''Box B2'''" is the “'''PDF417(7)'''” 2D barcode there is nothing above the barcode. : Also within "'''Box B2'''" are 3 '''stacks''', : '''Stack B2.1''' "US POSTAGE" (''or variation''), date, “From” and ZIP code, weight, and optionally a Zone number are stacked at left. : '''Stack B2.2''' Below the barcode are "Pitney Bowes" and a rate statement or statements at the center. : '''Stack B2.3''' Meter number/ID number at right. : The ID number has 022W, 024P, or 026W prefix. : In a smaller box at left ("'''Box B1'''") is a large letter code representing the mail class. : In a wide box ("'''Box C'''") below "'''Box B1'''" and "'''Box B2'''" is the class of mail. : If present the value figures appear above "US POSTAGE". : '''Labels may be framed or unframed''' : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 or nil : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> <br><br> '''PC-D3.3A'''. With value figures : A large label with 6 boxes "'''FS5'''"("'''Boxes B1, B2, C, D, E, F'''") <br><br> '''PC-D3.3A1'''. :: '''Box B2::'''. '''US POSTAGE''' in one line alone above the date <br><br> '''PC-D3.3A2'''. '''US POSTAGE IMI''' in one line alone above the date [[File: PC-D3.3A3.png|right|500px]] :: '''A'''. '''026W''' <font size=1>over 10-digit number starting with</font> 0004 {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5? | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897241 | CommPrice | 06/20/2023 | 32961 | VERO BEACH, FL | |- | FS5? | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897622 | CommPrice | 10/18/2023 | 29568 | | |} <br><br> :: '''B'''. '''028W''' <font size=1>over 10-digit number starting with</font> 0002 {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | | | | | | | | |- | FS5? | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002310688 | CommPrice | 05/11/2024 | 34293 | VENICE FL | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3A3'''. '''US POSTAGE IMI''' in one line alone above the date as "'''PC-D3.3A3'''", Box A with "'''UNITED STATES / POSTAL SERVICE ®'''" and emblem on left. : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> <br><br> <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B'''. With rate statement '''PC-D3.3B.1'''.[[File: USA meter stamp PC-D3.3.jpg|right|500px]] ::''' Box B2::'''. '''US POSTAGE''' in one line alone above the date '''PC-D3.3B.1A'''. Prefix "'''21B'''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 021B0050723999 | CommPrice | 07/20/2022 | 07112 | Newark NJ | Box F: order data |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 021B0060312094 | CommPrice | 11/28/2022 | 07036 | Linden NJ | Box F: order data |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 021B0060494251 | CommPrice | 11/28/2022 | 90670 | Santa fe springs CA | Box F: order data |} '''PC-D3.3B.1B'''. Prefix "'''26W'''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | | '''P''' | '''VII''' | 026W0004897242 | ComPlsPrice | 11/25/2020 | 07419 | | |- | FS5 | '''X''' | '''VIII''' | 026W0004897590 | | 01/02/2021 | 97239 | Portland OR | |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 026W0004897774 | CommPlsPrice | 07/31/2020 | 60490 | Bolingbrook IL | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897814 | CommPrice | 01/08/2021 | 91304 | Los Angeles CA | |- | | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897894 | | | 54843 | | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.1C''' [[File: PC-D3.3B.4A.0.png|right|500px]] :: As '''PC-D3.1A.B''' but with customer ID at lower right :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE''' above the date :: Meter numbers: 026W {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''VII''' | 026W0004897326 | 3000093152 | ComPlsPrice | 12/04/2020 | 91706 | IRWINDALE CA | ID numbers in larger font |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897491 | 3000008007 | CommPrice | 05/23/2019 | 48114 | BRIGHTON MI | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.2'''.[[File: PC-D3.3B.1.png|right|500px]] :: '''Box B2::'''. '''US POSTAGE / PAID''' in two lines above the date {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897894 | CommPrice | 12/29/2021 | 54843 | Hayward WI | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.3A'''[[File: PC-D3.3B.3.png|right|500px]] :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / PAID IMI''' in two lines above the date :: Meter numbers: 026W [[File: PC-D3.3B.3A-H 2501002.png|right|500px]] {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''H''' | '''VI''' | 026W0002310502 | CommPrice | 08/04/2025 | 33068 | North Lauderdale FL | "'''HAZMAT-Surface Transportation Only'''" |- | FS5? | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897241 | CommPrice | 01/26/2023 | 13147 | SCIPIO CENTER NY | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897242 | CommPrice | 08/16/2022 | 93943 | MONTEREY CA | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897400 | CommPrice | 05/24/2023 | 16063 | ZELIENOPLE PA | |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897451 | CommPrice | 11/24/2023 | 95240 | LODI CA | |- | PS4 | '''P''' | '''XIII''' | 026W0004897525 | CommPrice | 10/23/2023 | 98239 | COUPEVILLE WA | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | PS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897591 | CommPrice | 03/07/2022 | 92404 | SAN BERNARDINO CA | |- | PS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897642 | CommPrice | 02/02/2022 | 92404 | SAN BERNARDINO CA | |- | PS4 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897642 | CommPrice | 12/06/2023 | 81413 | CEDAREDGE CO | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | PS4 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897778 | CommPrice | 02/27/2023 | 76013 | PANTEGO TX | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''III''' | 026W0004897790 | CommPrice | 11/01/2022 | 08110 | PENNSAUKEN NJ | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897812 | CommPrice | 11/25/2023 | 11432 | JAMAICA NY | |- | | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897816 | CommPrice | 08/22/2022 | 33770 | LARGO FL | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897817 | CommPrice | 06/20/2023 | 77030 | HOUSTON TX | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897878 | CommPrice | 08/25/2022 | 66505 | MANHATTAN KS | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897894 | CommPrice | 01/23/2023 | 08110 | PENNSAUKEN NJ | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897895 | CommPrice | 02/04/2022 | 45806 | CRIDERSVILLE OH | |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897895 | CommPrice | 11/21/2023 | 95628 | FAIR OAKS CA | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897939 | CommPrice | 03/28/2022 | 55304 | ANDOVER MN | |- | | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004897942 | CommPrice | 04/29/2022 | 06514 | HAMDEN CT | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 026W0004898023 | CommPrice | 09/23/2022 | 75150 | MESQUITE TX | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.3B''' :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / PAID IMI''' in two lines above the date [[File: PC-D3.3B.3B 250415.png|right|500px]] :: Meter numbers: 028W {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002310364 | CommPrice | 03/18/2024 | 96003 | REDDING CA | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002311094 | CommPrice | 02/05/2024 | 34222 | ELLENTON FL | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002311094 | CommPrice | 08/22/2024 | 11735 | FARMINGDALE NY | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002311374 | CommPrice | 02/22/2024 | 33436 | BOYNTON BEACH FL | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS4 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002311472 | CommPrice | 03/04/2025 | 92376 | RIALTO CA | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.4A.1''' [[File: PC-D3.3B.4.png|right|500px]] :: As '''PC-D3.3B.3''' but taller, thinner font :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / PAID IMI''' in two lines above the date :: Meter numbers: 026W {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''V''' | 026W0004897241 | 3001124484 | ComPlsPrice | 06/17/2022 | 93380 | VISALIA CA | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.4A.2''' :: As '''PC-D3.3B.3''' but taller, thinner font :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / PAID IMI''' in two lines above the date :: Meter numbers: 028W {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''X''' | '''VIII''' | 028W0002310218 | 3000559694 | | 02/03/2023 | 98144 | SEATTLE WA | Box F: order info |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 028W0002310350 | 3001704288 | CommPrice | 02/03/2023 | 80907 | COLORADO SPRINGS CO | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.4B''' [[File: PC-D3.3B.4B.png|right|500px]] :: As '''PC-D3.3B.3''' but taller, thinner font :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / PAID IMI''' in two lines above the date :: No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E :: Meter numbers: 028W {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Customer ID ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002310174 | 3002184618 | CommPrice | 07/08/2024 | 60647 | CHICAGO IL | |- |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.5A''' [[File: PC-D3.3B.5a.png|right|500px]] :: Similar to'''PC-D3.3B.3''' :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / & FEES PD IMI''' in two lines above the date :: Meter numbers: 026W {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS4 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897798 | CommPrice | 01/24/2023 | 30907 | MARTINEZ GA | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.5B''' [[File: PC-D3.3B.5B.png|right|500px]] :: Similar to'''PC-D3.3B.3''' :: '''Box B2''' '''US POSTAGE / & FEES PD IMI''' in two lines above the date :: Meter numbers: 028W :: Customer Identification Number below meter number <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6''' :: A large label with 6 sections, 7 boxes ("'''Boxes A, B1, B2, C, D, E, F'''") :: A box ("'''Box A''') across the top containing the USPS eagle logo and "UNITED STATES/ POSTAL SERVICE" at left and a mailer's logo or identification at right. :: {{font|size=2|color=red|'''NOTE:''' ''For examples with'' '''Penalty of Fines Under 18 / USC 3571 for Private Use''' ''see'' '''OO-M1'''}} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6A''' :: '''Box B2''' as '''PC-D3.3B.3, US POSTAGE / PAID IMI''' in two lines above the date <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6A.1A'''[[File: PC-D3.3B.6B.1.png|right|500px]] : '''Box A''' with "''' a preferred / shipping service on ebay '''" : identification number starts with "'''026W'''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897242 | CommPrice | 01/08/2022 | 19565 | WERNERSVILLE PA | |- | FS6 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897486 | CommPrice | 08/19/2023 | 76002 | ARLINGTON TX | |- | FS6 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 026W0004897525 | CommPrice | 10/24/2023 | 35952 | SNEAD AL | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897623 | CommPrice | 05/08/2023 | 50010 | AMES IA | |- | FS6 | '''P''' | | 026W0004897894 | CommPrice | | 30513 | | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | | 026W0004897941 | CommPrice | | 60108 | | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6A.1B''' : '''Box A''' with "''' a preferred / shipping service on ebay '''" : identification number starts with "'''028W'''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002310428 | | 06/18/2024 | 60512 | MONTGOMERY IL | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS5 | '''X''' | '''VIII''' | 028W0002310575 | | 05/31/2024 | 34677 | OLDSMAR FL | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 028W0002311092 | CommPrice | 06/13/2024 | 11103 | ASTORIA NY | No Box F, DM1 barcode below Box E |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6B''' :: '''Box B2''' as '''PC-D3.3B.3, US POSTAGE / & FEES PD IMI''' in two lines above the date <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6B.1'''[[File: PC-D3.3B.6B.11.png|right|500px]] : '''Box A''' with "''' a preferred / shipping service on ebay '''" {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897813 | CommPrice | 06/30/2022 | 07111 | IRVINGTON NJ | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6C''' :: '''Box B2''' "'''US POSTAGE / AND FEES PAID'''" in two lines above the date <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6C.1'''[[File: USA meter stamp PC-D3.3C.jpg|right|500px]] : '''Box A''' with “'''www.pitneybowes.com'''” {{font|size=2|color=red|NOTE: For labels of this type used by an US Government Agency and with a Penalty statement see type "'''OO-M1'''"}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XII''' | 026W0004897572 | CommPrice | 06/29/2021 | 76155 | |} <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6D''' :: '''Box B2''' "'''US POSTAGE'''" in two lines above the date <br><br> '''PC-D3.3B.6D.1'''[[File: USA meter stamp PC-D3.3dd.jpg|right|500px]] : '''Box A''' with “'''www.paypal.com'''” {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS6? | '''X''' | '''X''' | 026W0004897485 | CommPrice | 11/25/2020 | 55422 | |} <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D3p4.jpg|right|530px]] '''PC-D3.4''' : Similar to PC-D3.3 but with tracking number added above the PDF417 2D barcode. : Stacked at left of the 2D barcode are "usps.com", the value figures, "US POSTAGE", a rate statement, and in the bottom corner, the date. : Centered below the 2D barcode are “Mailed from” and ZIP code and “024P”. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> {{font|color=green|'''''NOTE: The stamp previously cataloged as Type PC-D3.5 is now a sub-type of PC-D3.3.'''''}} [[File: PC-D3.5.png|right|1000px]] '''PC-D3.5''' : "'''US POSTAGE / PAID IMI'''" in two lines : Unboxed rate class designation letter : "'''PDF417(7)'''" 2-D barcode on right : Meter Identification on right above customer Identification number : Meter identification number: 028W followed by 10 digits : On customs declaration form (CD) <br><br><br> '''PC-D4.1.''' [[File: USA stamp type PC-G6.jpg|right|1000px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br> : Similar to Type PC-D3.4 but in wider format with the tracking barcode at far left. : Meter number seen with "024P" prefix. : With value figures below "PAID". : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 <br><br> '''PC-D4.2.'''[[File: USA meter stamp PC-D3.7.jpeg|right|1000px]] : Wide format as with PC-D4.1 but "US POSTAGE" and the mail class are at far left with the tracking barcode below. : The postage data is found below the PDF417 barcode, as follows: :: ID# with "026W" prefix :: Pitney Bowes (with "CommPrice" [or value figures?] below) :: date :: "From" ZIP code :: weight :: (destination) zone <br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D4.3.'''[[File: PC-D4.3.png|right|1000px]] :: As with PC-D4.2 but with "'''US POSTAGE PAID IMI'''" :: ID# with "026W" prefix <br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D4.4.'''[[File: PC-D4.4 250914.png|right|1000px]] :: As with PC-D4.4 but with "'''US POSTAGE PAID IMI'''" at right above Identification number. :: Two black bars complete from left to right :: ID# with "028W" prefix <br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <br><br><br> '''PC-D5.1.''' : At right is the square "Datamatrix" barcode. : Centered in the middle: "US POSTAGE PAID"/ "Pitney Bowes"/ rate statement/ identification number with 024P prefix : At left: date/ ZIP code/ weight : Always found on framed address label, and never with value figures. <br><br><br> '''PC-D5.1A.''' [[File: USA PC-F9.jpg|right|500px]] : At left solid block rate code indicator : Centered in the middle: "US POSTAGE PAID"/ "Pitney Bowes"/ rate statement/ identification number with 024P prefix at base <br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D5.1B.'''[[File: PC-D5.1B.png|right|500px]] : At left outline rate code indicator : Centered in the middle: "US POSTAGE PAID"/ "Pitney Bowes"/ rate statement/ identification number with 024P prefix in middle ::: '''-1'''. Meter identification number positioned as in the illustration for '''PC-D5.1A.''' <br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D5.2.''' [[File: USA stamp type PC-F9B.jpg|right|307px]] : Similar to Type PC-D4.1 but "Pitney Bowes" is vertical reading up at left. : The rate, date, ZIP code, and weight are stacked between "US POSTAGE PAID" (italicized) at top and the identification number at bottom. : Identification number with 024P prefix. : "'''Found only on International postage/address/customs forms purchased online from the USPS web site.'''" : The complete form is shown reduced at right. Occurs in at least two types: ::::{{space|5}} Type I {{space|5}} "To/From" horizontal ::::{{space|5}} Type II {{space|4}} "To/From" vertical : V/F: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 or nil :{{font|size=2|color=red|NOTE: "'''For labels of this type the collector should save the whole form'''"}} :: '''A'''. With "ONLINE DISCOUNT RATE" below US POSTAGE PAID :: '''B'''. With postage paid shown in dollars and cents [[File: USA stamp type PC-F9point1B.jpg|right|307px]] :: '''C'''. Without rate, blank between US POSTAGE PAID and the date [[File: USA stamp type PC-F9B document.jpg|right|800px]] [[File: PC-D5.2z.png|right|800px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D5.3. “Shipstream Manager”''', 2006.[[File: USA PC-F11.jpg|right|888px]] : Very wide design with square "Datamatrix" barcode at right and large tracking barcode at center. : Above the 2D barcode are the date, ZIP code, weight, and "Pitney Bowes". : Below the 2D barcode is the ID number with 024P prefix. : At far left is “US POSTAGE PAID” above the class of mail. :: '''A'''. With rate statement instead of value figures. :: '''B'''. With value figures above the date [[File: USA stamp type PC-D4point3B.jpeg|right|888px]] <br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-G3point1.jpg|right|570px]] '''PC-D5.4. "SmartPostage"''', 2011. : As Type PC-D4.5 but with "www.pbSmartPostage.com" instead of the eBay logo. : Identification number with 024P prefix. :: '''A'''. With value figures. {{space|4}} V/F: $0'''.'''00 :: '''B'''. Without value figures but with rate statement :: '''a'''. With "Commercial Base Pricing" immediately below the "Pitney Bowes" <br><br> '''PC-D5.5.''' (presumed to be '''“Shipstream Manager”'''), 2013.[[File: USA stamp type PC-F15.jpg|right|888px]] : Similar to Type PC-D4.3 but with the elements rearranged. : The identification number, date, "From" Zip code, and weight are below the square "Datamatrix" barcode. : The tracking barcode is at far left rather than center. : At near left of the Datamatrix barcode is "Pitney Bowes". : "US POSTAGE PAID" and the mail class are at far left above the tracking barcode. : Identification number with 024P prefix. : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> :: '''A'''. With value figures above "Pitney Bowes": {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 :: '''B'''. Without value figures <br><br> '''PC-D5.6. "SmartPostage"''', 2006. : Similar to Type PC-D3.2 but with square DataMatrix barcode instead of "PDF417" barcode. : “US POSTAGE PAID” at top center above "Pitney Bowes", a rate statement, and the identification number. : sans-serif "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right : Service indicator in Box B1 with solid block letters : Meter identification number with 024P prefix. : With value figures. {{space|4}} V/F: $0'''.'''00 {{space|2}} [scarce] <br><br> '''PC-D5.7. "SmartPostage"''' [[File: USA PC-G3B.jpg|right|495px]] : Similar to Type PC-D3.2 but with square DataMatrix barcode instead of "PDF417" barcode. : “US POSTAGE PAID” at top center above "Pitney Bowes", a rate statement, and the identification number. : sans-serif "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right : Service indicator in Box B1 with solid block letters : Meter identification number with 024P prefix. : Without value figures but with rate statement <br><br> '''PC-D5.8. "SmartPostage"''' [[File: USA stamp type PC-G3D.jpg|right|530px]] : Similar to Type PC-D3.2 but with square DataMatrix barcode instead of "PDF417" barcode. : “US POSTAGE PAID” at top center above "Pitney Bowes", a rate statement, and the identification number. : sans-serif "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right : service indicator in Box B1 at left is narrower (not square) and the letter within is outlined rather than solid. : Lettering in the panel [C] at bottom is smaller. : Meter identification number with 024P prefix. : V/F: {{space|4}} V/F: $0'''.'''00 <br><br> '''PC-D5.9. "SmartPostage"''' : Similar to Type PC-D3.2 but with square DataMatrix barcode instead of "PDF417" barcode. : “US POSTAGE PAID” at top center above "Pitney Bowes", a rate statement, and the identification number. : service indicator in Box B1 at left is narrower (not square) and the letter within is outlined rather than solid. : Lettering in the panel [C] at bottom is smaller. : Meter identification number with 024P prefix. : With value figures or without but with rate statement <br><br> '''PC-D5.9A.'''[[File: USA stamp type PC-G3C.jpg|right|530px]] : sans-serif "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for type description]]'''</u> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007629585 | ComBasPrice | 12/28/2015 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007629647 | ComBasPrice | 02/10/2016 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007629652 | ComBasPrice | 06/21/2014 | 10509 | BREWSTER NY | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XV''' | 024P0007629756 | | 03/17/2016 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007629758 | ComBasPrice | 12/11/2012 | 32812 | ORLANDO FL | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007629777 | ComBasPrice | 03/15/2017 | 17362 | SPRING GROVE PA | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007632129 | ComBasPrice | 06/01/2019 | 85203 | MESA AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XV''' | 024P0007776044 | | 02/25/2016 | 32701 | ALTAMONTE SPG FL | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776131 | ComBasPrice | 02/10/2016 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776147 | ComBasPrice | 10/17/2016 | 76251 | MONTAGUE TX | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776172 | ComBasPrice | 11/27/2015 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776173 | ComBasPrice | 08/18/2015 | 20904 | SILVER SPRING MD | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776210 | ComBasPrice | 10/27/2015 | 33187 | MIAMI FL | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776653 | ComBasPrice | 09/12/2016 | 12992 | WEST CHAZY NY | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007776711 | ComBasPrice | 10/12/2016 | 60543 | OSWEGO IL | |- | FS5 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007875935 | ComBasPrice | 01/20/2015 | 85211 | MESA AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007875935 | ComBasPrice | 10/06/2015 | 33161 | FLORIDA CITY FL | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007876028 | ComBasPrice | 01/12/2019 | 22301 | ALEXANDRIA VA | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007876132 | ComBasPrice | 11/10/2015 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007876761 | ComBasPrice | 10/13/2015 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |- | FS6 | '''F''' | '''XIV''' | 024P0007876771 | ComBasPrice | 03/12/2016 | 85541 | PAYSON AZ | |} <br><br> '''PC-D5.9B.0.'''[[File: PC-D5.9B.png|right|475px]] : Italic "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right <br><br> '''PC-D5.9B.1.'''[[File: PC-D5.9B.1 250609.png|right|475px]] : As with "'''PC-D5.9B.0.''' Italic "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right : F/V $(0)0.00 above 4 lines at left of Box B2 <br><br> '''PC-D5.9B.2.'''[[File: PC-D5.9B.2 250609.png|right|475px]] : As with "'''PC-D5.9B.1.''' Italic "a preferred / shipping service on ebay" in upper right : Font in Boxes B2 and C "'''USPSIMB'''" (either Compact or Standard?) : F/V $(0)0.00 above 2 lines at left of Box B2 <br><br> '''PC-D5.9C.0.'''[[File: PC-D5.9C.0 250609.png|right|475px]] : In "Box A" at upper right "'''www.paypal.com'''" : "Box B2" 4 lines at left, Date/Zip Code/ Weight/ Zone <br><br> '''PC-D5.9C.1.'''[[File: PC-D5.9C.1 250609.png|right|475px]] : In "Box A" at upper right "'''www.paypal.com'''" : "Box B2" 2 lines at left, Date/Zip Code <br><br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-D5.7.jpg|right|360px]] '''PC-D6.0''', 2021. : Similar to PC-D5.2 but with '''Pitney Bowes''' at the top of the point-of-sale data stacked at left of the Datamatrix barcode. : Datamatrix barcode (DM4) 19 mm square, with 4 data blocks : Below '''Pitney Bowes''' are the value figures, '''US POSTAGE''' or '''US POSTAGE IMI''', a mail class statement. : a ten-digit number, "3000156428" evidently the customer identification number, the ZIP code and the date. : V/F: $0.00o : This stamp arises from the new partnership between eBay and Pitney Bowes for "eBay Delivery Service" shipping. :: '''A'''. Inscribed '''US POSTAGE''', identification number with 026W prefix, :::::<font color=GREEN><font size=2>Known with the following "'''Directive'''" types: "FIRST-CLASS"</font></font> '''NOTE''': Type PC-D6 is nearly identical in appearance to Type QB7. They differ only in color and in the ten-digit number that appears below the identification number, '''black''' and '''3''' for PC-D5.7, and '''red''' and '''2''' for QB7. <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D6.1.0''', 2024. : Inscribed '''US POSTAGE IMI''', with "FIM" barcode to left, Datamatrix barcode 20 mm square, with 4 data blocks, identification number with 026W prefix, : Datamatrix barcode 15 mm square, with 4 data blocks, or 27mm square, : Identification number with 026W prefix, :::::<font color=GREEN><font size=2>Known with the following "'''Directive'''" types: "FIRST-CLASS"</font></font> <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-D6.1.1''', 2024. : Inscribed '''US POSTAGE IMI''', with "FIM" barcode to left, : Datamatrix barcode 18-19 mm with 4 data blocks, : Identification number with 028W prefix, :::::<font color=GREEN><font size=2>Known with the following "'''Directive'''" types: "FIRST-CLASS"</font></font> <br><br><br><br><br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-E: Franks from Envelope Manager (Endicia) software, ID numbers mostly with 07#V prefix but also 07#M, 07#S, 06#S and without ID number}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * All the stamps have a generic design, bar code and text. The earlier stamps include "endicia.com" in the design and later ones are identifiable only by the identification number which is most commonly 071V although 071M and 071S are also found. From 2024 on, 062, and 063 are also found. An exception is Type PC-E2.2, Sub-type A, which does not show an identification number. * When first released (February 2001) the system was labeled by Indicia as "'''DAZzle 2000'''". * On November 18, 2015 Stamps.com (see Sub-group PC-C) acquired Endicia. In 2024, Stamps.com and Endicia were once again seperate, being individual divisions under a holding company. {{font/end}} {{font|size=3|color=red|'''''NOTE''': <br>Several stamps in Group Q resemble stamps in Group PC. If you don't find what you are looking for here, check there.''}} ---- <br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RE1''' in 2001 edition''}} '''PC-E1.1. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) “DAZzle 2000” ''', 2000. [[File: USA PC-F2A.jpg|right|316px]] : “'''endicia.com'''” at bottom left of "PDF417(7)" barcode. : “US POSTAGE” at top right. : Stacked at center: value figures / class of mail / date / town line. : ID# with 071M, 071S, or 071V prefix at bottom right. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} $0'''.'''000 ::'''PC-E1.1A'''. Basic stamp without framing ::: '''a'''. Top portion above 2D barcode shifted far to the left (shown at right). This may be the result of inconsistent software rather than printer variables.[[File: USA PC-F2aa.jpg|right|316px]] ::: '''b'''. With "CORRECTION" instead of '"endicia.com" at bottom left ::: '''c'''. With "FIM" barcode at top left. ::'''PC-E1.1B'''. The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left and the class of mail spelled out below.[[File: USA PC-F2B.jpg|right|500px]] ::'''PC-E1.1C''' As '''PC-E1.1A''' but with "'''endicia.com/mac'''" at bottom left of "PDF417(7)" barcode. ::: '''a'''. With "FIM" barcode at top left. {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RE2''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-F3A.jpg|right|310px]] '''PC-E1.2. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) “DAZzle 2000” ''', 2002. : As Type PC-E1.1 but the point-of-sale data is at left rather than in the center, and the sequence of data is different. : At top left: value figures/ date/ rate information : At top right: "US POSTAGE"/ "Mailed from ZIP..." : “'''endicia.com'''” at bottom left : Identification number with 071V prefix : Never with "FIM" barcode. : V/F: $0'''.'''00 :: '''PC-E1.2A'''. Basic stamp without framing ::: '''a'''. With text above bar code shifted significantly to left or right. This may be the result of inconsistent software rather than printer variables. ::: '''b'''. On large label ('''STvar''') (see Section PC intro)[[File: PC-E1.2A-b.png|right|800px]] :: '''PC-E1.2B'''. The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left and the class of mail spelled out below.[[File: USA PC-F3B.jpg|right|500px]] ::: '''d'''. Without rate information below the date[[File: USA meter stamp PC-E1p2dd.jpg|right|500px]] :: '''PC-E1.2C'''. "'''endicia.com/mac'''" at lower left, produced by systems designed for Apple computer users '''PC-E1.3. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) “DAZzle 2000” ''', 2002. : Similar to Type PC-E1.2 but with rate statement instead of value figures. : “POSTAGE AND FEES PAID” at top above date, ZIP code, and rate statement. : “'''endicia.com'''” at bottom left ::'''PC-E1.3A'''. Basic stamp without framing [[File: USA PC-F4A.jpg|right|324px]] ::: Identification number with 071V prefix ::: '''a'''. With text above bar code shifted significantly to left or right. This may be the result of inconsistent software rather than printer variables.[[File: USA PC-F4bb.jpg|right|415px]] ::: '''b'''. On large label ('''STvar''') (see Section PC intro)[[File: PC-E1.3A-b.png|right|800px]] ::'''PC-E1.3B'''. The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left and the class of mail spelled out below.[[File: USA PC-F4B.jpg|right|500px]] ::: Identification number with 071V prefix : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]'''</u> {{font/top|size=2|color=black}} {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Line A Equivalent ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! City ! Notes |- | '''FS5''' | '''FCM''' | '''XVI''' | 071V00515554 | A13 | | OCT 27 2011 | 55337 | BURNSVILLE MN | NO TRACKING BARCODE |- | '''FS5''' | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 071V00525268 | A11 | Commercial Base Price | JAN 5 2015 | 92705 | SANTA ANA CA | |- | '''FS5''' | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 071V00525268 | A12 | Commercial Base Price | APR 12 2016 | 92705 | SANTA ANA CA | |- | '''FS5''' | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 071V00525268 | A12 | Commercial Base Price | JAN 3 2017 | 92705 | SANTA ANA CA | |- | '''FS5''' | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 071V00525268 | A12 | Commercial Base Price | FEB 17 2017 | 92705 | SANTA ANA CA||- | |- | '''FS5''' | '''F''' | '''IX''' | 071V00525268 | A12 | Commercial Base Price | MAR 1 2017 | 92705 | SANTA ANA CA||- | |- | '''FS5''' | '''FCM''' | '''XVI''' | 071V00548099 | A13 | | APR 17 2007 | 83333 | | |- | '''FS5''' | solid black | '''VIII''' | 071V00682520 | A7 | | FEB 6 2009 | 80922 | COLORADO SPRINGS CO | |- | '''FS3''' | '''P''' | '''V''' | 071V01059238 | A11 | Commercial Plus Price | SEP 8 2020 | 30071 | NORCROSS GA | |} {{font/end}} ::: '''e'''. As '''B''', with question mark after the mail class statement: '''PRIORITY MAIL 2-DAY?''' :::: (This may be a computer error with the question mark printing in place of a registration mark (''R in circle'').)[[File:USA meter stamp PC-E1p3ee.jpg|right|500px]] ::: '''f'''. Without the "Box C" containing the class of mail below the frank [[File: USA stamp type PC-E3p1ff.jpg|right|400px]] ::: '''g'''. "Box E" with USPS emblem at left, no tracking info[[File: PC-E1.3B-g.png|right|300px]] ::: '''h'''. "Box E" with USPS emblem at left, endicia emblem at right[[File: PC-E1.3B-h.png|right|300px]] ::'''PC-E1.3C'''. As '''PC-E1.3B''' with "'''endicia.com/mac'''" at lower left, produced by systems designed for Apple computer users[[File: USA PC-F4aa.jpg|right|500px]] ::: Identification number with 071M prefix <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> ::'''PC-E1.3D'''. As '''PC-E1.3B''' with "'''endicia'''" at lower left, [[File: PC-E1.3D.png|right|500px]] ::: Identification number with 062S prefix <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA meter stamp PC-E1p4.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-E1.4. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) “DAZzle 2000” ''', 2002. : Similar to Type PC-E1.3B but with logo and "'''endicia'''" at upper right. : The ID number is above the 2D bar code at right. : The date is below the mail class designation at left. : Identification number with "071V" prefix. : Seem on large label that includes customs information. {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RE3''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-F5.jpg|right|530px]] '''PC-E2.1. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) ''', 2002. : Found only on the top of large address labels downloaded directly from the USPS web site. : In wide box at right is the 2D "PDF417" barcode. : To the left of the 2D barcode are "US POSTAGE" vertical, "WWW.USPS.COM", value figures, and date. : A series of nine 4-digit numbers is above the 2D barcode, and the ZIP code and identification number with 071V prefix are below. : Very large “P” (for Priority Mail) or “E” (for Express Mail) in box at left. : Across the bottom is the class of mail spelled out. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0'''.'''00 [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|15px]]$00'''.'''00 {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RE4''' in 2001 edition''}} [[File: USA stamp type PC-G2 B.jpg|right|580px]] '''PC-E2.2. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) '''. : Stamp similar to PC-E2.1 with "PDF417" barcode but with panel at top containing USPS eagle logo at left and '''Click-N-Ship'''&reg; logo at right. : This appears to be a replacement for type PC-E2.1. : Identification number, with 071V prefix, at right of the ZIP code : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00 :: '''Note'''. For similar item without identification number see "'''PC-G3'''" <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-E2.3. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) '''. [[File: USA stamp type PC-G5.jpg|right|1000px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> : Nearly identical to Types PC-C5.2 (Stamps.com) and PC-D3.3 (Pitney Bowes) except for the identification number which has "071V" prefix. '''PC-E3.1. Endicia.com ''', 2010. : Square "DataMatrix" barcode at right with company identity reading down at far right. : Text from top, at left of barcode: "US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID", mail class (''may be omitted''), date (mmm dd yyyy), ZIP code, rate statement (''may be omitted''), "CommBasePrice" or "CommPlusPrice" (''may be omitted'') : Later stamps also include a second, more specific, rate statement. (''see the image for "b" below'') : ID# with 071S or 071V prefix below 2D barcode. :: '''A1'''. Company identity "endicia.com" (longer than DataMatrix is tall), barred "I" font[[File: USA stamp type PC-F12 better.jpg|right|520px]] ::: ID# with 071S or 071V prefix below 2D barcode. <br><br><br><br><br><br> ::::: '''c'''. Printed on short label containing tracking bar code but not the destination address[[File: USA stamp type PC-E2p1cc.jpg|right|320px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> ::::: '''e'''. Datamatrix bar code field contains vertical bars, probably caused by a malfunction [[File:USA meter stamp PC-E2p1ee.jpg|right|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> :: '''A2.1'''. Company identity "endicia.com" (shorter than DataMatrix is tall), unbarred "I" font ::: ID# with 071S prefix below 2D barcode. <br><br><br><br><br><br> ::::: '''b'''. Text at top truncated: "US POSTAGE AND FEES P"[[File: USA stamp type PC-F12bb.jpg|right|550px]] : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]'''</u> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label type ! Box B1 TYPE ! Box C type ! Meter number ! Line A equivalent ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip code ! City ! Notes |- | FS4 | '''P''' | XXXIII | 071S00799149 | A17 | Commercial Plus Pricing | Nov 27 2017 | 37801 | MARYVILLE TN | |- | FS4 | Black | VIII | 071S00773763 | A7 | | Dec 19 2017 | 30605 | ATHENS GA | |- | FS4 | Black | VIII | 071S00773763 | A7 | | Dec 22 2017 | 30605 | ATHENS GA | |- | | '''F''' | IX | 071S00913234 | A18 | CommercialBasePrice | Aug 04 2014 | 33351 | SUNRISE FL | subtype "b" |- | FS4 | '''F''' | IX | 071S00917592 | A18 | CommercialBasePrice | Feb 11 2014 | 11220 | BROOKLYN NY | |- | FS4 | '''F''' | IX | 071S00917592 | A18 | CommercialBasePrice | Oct 11 2014 | 11220 | BROOKLYN NY | |} :: '''A2.2'''. Company identity "endicia.com" (shorter than DataMatrix is tall), unbarred "I" font [[File:PC-E3.1A2.png|right|550px]] ::: ID# with 071V prefix below 2D barcode. <br><br><br><br><br><br> ::::: '''f'''. Datamatrix bar code field is wider than tall, not square [[File:USA meter stamp PC-E3.1ff.jpg|right|380px]] : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]'''</u> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label type ! Box B1 TYPE ! Box C type ! Meter number ! Line A equivalent ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip code ! City ! Notes |- | FS4 | black box | VIII | 071V00908463 | A16 | | Dec 21 2017 | 75104 | CEDAR HILL TX | 2 copies, framed |- | FS4 | '''P''' | XXXIII | 071V00970570 | A17 | CommercialBasePrice | Jun 05 2018 | 28052 | | shorter Enddicia on right |- | | | | | | | | | | |- | | | | | | | | | | |} :: '''B1'''. Company identity is a round logo and "endicia" (''first seen in late 2018'') ::: Unframed ::: ID# with 071S prefix below 2D barcode. :::::'''-1''' Top two lines bold [[File: PC-E3.1B1-1.png|right|540px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> :::::'''-2''' All but top line and fifth line bold [[File: PC-E3.1B1-2.png|right|540px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> :::::'''-3''' All lines bold [[File: PC-E3.1B1-3.png|right|540px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> :: '''B2'''. Company identity is a round logo and "endicia" [[File: USA meter stamp PC-E3.1B.jpg|right|540px]] ::: ID# with 071V prefix below 2D barcode. : ''subtypes unknown '' ::::: '''a'''. Datamatrix barcode field omitted ::::: '''d'''. Printed without the tracking bar code <br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-F12point1.jpg|right|520px]] '''PC-E3.2. Endicia.com''', 2014. : Similar to Type PC-E3.1 with square "DataMatrix" barcode, but the value figures are at upper left and "US POSTAGE" is alone at top center. : ID# with 071V prefix seen. : V/F: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 [[File: USA stamp type PC-E2p3.jpg|right|340px]] '''PC-E3.3A. Endicia.com''', 2015. : Similar to Types PC-E3.1 and PC-E3.2 but "U.S. POSTAGE" is lower, below the date and ZIP code. : The value figures are at far left. : One seen, with "FIM" bar code at upper left. : ID# with 071V prefix seen. : '''endicia.com''' reads down. : V/F: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 [[File: USA meter stamp PC-E3p3B.jpg|right|365px]] '''PC-E3.3B. Endicia.com'''. : As Type PC-E3.3A but with rate statement instead of value figures. : ID# with 071V prefix seen. : '''endicia.com''' reads up. [[File: USA meter stamp PC-E3.3B.jpg|right|230px]] '''PC-E3.3C. Endicia.com'''. : As Type PC-E3.3A but with different endicia logo. : ID# with 071S prefix seen. : Circular logo and '''endicia''' read down. '''NOTE''': The extremely narrow stamp impression shown appears to be a printer/feeder error rather than a software variation. [[File: USA meter stamp PC-E3.3D.jpg|right|365px]] '''PC-E3.3D. Endicia.com'''. : As Type PC-E3.3C but with rate statement instead of value figures. : ID# with 071V prefix seen. : Circular logo and '''endicia''' read down. [[File:USA stamp type PC-E2p4.jpg|right|520px]] '''PC-E3.4. Endicia.com''', 2016. : Similar to Type PC-E3.1 but inscribed "U.S. POSTAGE PAID" without "AND FEES". Also the inscription is centered rather than high. : Below "US POSTAGE PAID" is "From ZIP ##### and a rate statement. : Rather than a large mail classification code, the mailer's name and address is found in the box at left. : ID# with 071S prefix seen. <br><br><br> [[File:USA meter stamp PC-E3.5.jpeg|right|410px]] '''PC-E3.5. Endicia.com''', 2018. : Square DataMatrix barcode as with previous PC-E3 types but with round logo and "endicia" horizontal at bottom left instead of vertical at right. : Text at left of barcode: At top (not fully visible in the image): "US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID" above the weight and mail class, price modification statement, date, ZIP code, identification number, a "CID" (<i>'''C'''ontract '''ID''' identification</i>) number, and the Endicia logo. : No value figures are shown : ID# with 071V prefix seen. : The example reported was used on international mail. <br><br><br> '''PC-E3.6. Endicia''', 2024. [[File:PC-E3.6.png|right|410px]] : Square DataMatrix barcode as with previous PC-E3 types with "endicia" vertical at right but without round logo. : Most similar to type '''PC-E3.1A2''' : No line separating Box B1 and Box B2. : Text at left of barcode: At top (not fully visible in the image): "US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID" above the weight and mail class, '''IMI''' following mail class : Price modification statement, date, ZIP code, Mail class 1, Mail class 2, a "CID" (<i>'''C'''ontract '''ID'''entification</i>) number, Mail class 3. : No value figures are shown : ID# with 063S prefix below bar code. <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-E3.7. Endicia''', 2025. [[File:PC-E3.7 251201.png|right|410px]] : Square DataMatrix barcode as with previous PC-E3 types with "endicia" vertical at right but without round logo. : Most similar to type '''PC-E3.6''' : Text at left of barcode: At top: "US POSTAGE" above the weight and mail class, : Stacked below are:Mail Class I with '''IMI''' following mail class, date, ZIP code, Mail class 2, Mail class 3, Mail class 4, a "CID" (<i>'''C'''ontract '''ID'''entification</i>) 8 digit number, . : F/V: "'''$0.00'''" : ID# with 063S prefix below bar code. :: '''PC-E3.7.1'''. With green banner to left inscribed "'''USPS CERTIFIED MAIL ^TM'''", barcode below [[File:PC-E3.7.1.png|right|650px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-E4.1. Endicia.com''', 2024. [[File:PC-E4.1 250402B.png|right|410px]] : Box B1 with block letter indicating postal class, "G" a New Helvetica Block font : Box B2 with "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID" in top line on left. With 3 lines below indicating rate class. : 3 lines at top right, ID at top, customer ID below, source zip code at base. : PDF 417(8) barcode with "endicia" (new logo) at right but without old round logo. :::::<font color=GREEN><font size=2>Known with the following "'''Directive'''" types [BOX C]: "USPS GROUND ADVANTAGE" ['''XXIX'''] </font></font> : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]''' (Directives/ Directionals)</u> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-E5.1. Endicia.com''', 2024. [[File:PC-E5.1 250402B.png|right|410px]] : Box B1 with block letter indicating postal class, "G" a New Helvetica Block font : Box B2 with "US POSTAGE & FEES PAID IMI" in top line on left. With 3 lines below indicating rate class. : 2 lines at top right, ID at top, source zip code at base. : PDF 417(8) barcode with "endicia" (new logo) at right but without old round logo. :::::<font color=GREEN><font size=2>Known with the following "'''Directive'''" types [BOX C]: "USPS GROUND ADVANTAGE TM" ['''VI'''], "USPS PRIORITY MAIL ®" [ “large ‘R-circle’”] ['''XVIII'''] </font></font> : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]''' (Directives/ Directionals)</u> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-F: Franks generated by EasyPost software, with "easypost" in the frank}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * EasyPost is a software company that provides companies with integrated shipping options through USPS and several private carriers. * The company was founded in 2012 although the first stamp came to our attention in 2016. {{font/end}} ---- <br> [[File: USA stamp type PC-G1.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-F1.1. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2016 but possibly as early as 2012. : The stamps we have seen appear on large address labels. : The stamp contains a PDF417 barcode which sits under "US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID" and '''{{font|size=5|easypost}}''' at the right of the stamp. : Left of the barcode are the date, ZIP code, "CID" (''number'') or "C" (number), and '''COMBASE''' or '''ComBasPrice''' (with no value figures). : Along the bottom are the weight and identification number with "0901" prefix. :: '''A'''. The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C) :: '''B'''. The stamp appears by itself with no framing or large mail class indicator <br> [[File: PC-F1.2.png|right|475px]] '''PC-F1.2. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2025 : As type "'''PC-F1.1'''" With heavier and slightly different typeface and spacing. <br> [[File:USA meter stamp PC-F1p2.jpg|right|480px]] '''PC-F2. "easypost" ''' (digital/thermal). : Similar to Type PC-F1 but inscribed "US POSTAGE PAID" rather than "US POSTAGE AND FEES PAID" : The text, including '''{{font|size=4|easypost}}''', is in a lighter and wider font than found on PC-F1. : Also, without "CID" and number and with small '''ComBasPrice''' instead of '''COMBASE'''. : And finally, the zeros are slashed. [[File:USA meter stamp PC-F1.3.jpg|right|540px]] '''PC-F3.1. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2021. : As Type PC-F1 but the {{font|size=4|'''easypost.'''}} logo now has a period after it. The web address "{{size=2|'''easypost.com/signup'''}}" was added below the logo. : This stamp includes a postage value which is preceded by "Retail" on the stamp we have seen. : V/F: {{space|4}} $0.00 : '''Note''': The origin ZIP code and customer ID have been blurred in the stamp photo. [[File:Easypost PC-F1.4.png|right|500px]] '''PC-F3.2. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2022. ::: Easypost Logo as PC-F3.1 ::: The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C) ::: No value figures ::: {{space|4}} '''Box B1''' {{space|4}} "'''F'''" ::: {{space|10}} {{space|4}} "USPS FIRST-CLASS PACKAGE" ::: {{space|20}} 0901000004578 {{space|4}}C4000013 {{space|4}}83713 {{space|4}}2022-09-02{{space|4}}BOISE, ID ::: {{space|4}} '''Box B1''' {{space|4}}"'''P'''" ::: {{space|10}} {{space|4}} "USPS PRIORITY MAIL" ::: {{space|20}} 0901000004698 {{space|4}} {{space|4}}28405 {{space|4}}{{space|4}}WILMINGTON, NC <br><br><br><br> [[File:PC-F4.png|right|500px]] '''PC-F4.1. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2022. ::: Easypost Logo different ::: The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left (Box B1) and the class of mail spelled out below (Box C) ::: No value figures ::: {{space|4}} '''Box B1''' {{space|4}}"'''P'''" ::: {{space|10}} {{space|4}} "USPS PRIORITY MAIL" ::: {{space|20}} 0901000005499 {{space|4}}C4017644 {{space|4}}83709 {{space|4}}2022-11-18{{space|4}}BOISE, ID <br><br> [[File:PC-F5.png|right|500px]] '''PC-F4.2. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2022. ::: Easypost Logo same as "'''PC-F4.1'''" :: '''a'''. With FIM barcode to the left [[File:PC-F4.2a.png|right|650px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File:PC-F4.4.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-F4.4. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2023. ::: Easypost Logo same as "'''PC-F4.1'''" without the web address. : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]'''</u> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Label Type ! Box B1 Type ! Box C Type ! <u>Meter no's</u> ! Stack B2.2 line 2 type ! Date ! Zip ! Customer ID ! Note |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 0901000008901 | Commercial | 2023-12-01 | 60607 | C4650528 | 0.10 CUBIC ZONE 3 |- | FS5 | '''G''' | '''VI''' | 0901000010389 | Commercial | 2023-12-28 | 63376 | C5299422 | 5.0 OZ ZONE 4 |- | FS5 | '''P''' | '''XXXI''' | 0901000014322 | Commercial | 2024-06-27 | 63376 | C5299422 | 0.20 CUBIC ZONE 4 |} <br><br> '''PC-F4.5. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2025. ::: Easypost Logo same as "'''PC-F4.4'''" without the web address. :: '''a'''. With FIM barcode to the left [[File:PC-F4.5 250415.png|right|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> '''PC-F4.6. "EasyPost" ''' (digital/thermal), 2026. ::: Easypost Logo same as "'''PC-F4.4'''" without the web address. ::: "'''US POSTAGE PAID IMI'''" [[File:PC-F4.6 250901B.png|right|500px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File:PC-F55.png|right|500px]] '''PC-F5. "Chit Chats" ''' (digital/thermal), 2023. ::: Similar to "'''PC-F4.2'''" ::: Easypost Logo replaced by "'''Chit Chats'''" : V/F: {{space|4}} $0.00 <br><br> [[File:PC-F6.png|right|500px]] '''PC-F6. "Sendle" ''' (digital/thermal), 2023. ::: Similar to "'''PC-F4.1'''" ::: Easypost Logo replaced by "'''Sendle>'''" <br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Sub-group PC-G: Franks generated by U.S. Postal Service software, without a vendor's identification number.}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * These stamps are a type of Post Office stamp (Group PO) but because they are generated online at the Postal Services's web site, they are listed here.. * The stamp was first reported in 2021. {{font/end}} ---- <br> {{font/top|size=3|color=black}} [[File: USA meter stamp PC-G1.jpg|right|400px]] '''PC-G1.''' (digital), 2021 but possibly earlier. : The stamp is a large tracking label similar to Type PC-C5.1 with the USPS logo and "Click-N-Ship"® in the top panel. The ''postage'' part of the label is immediately below and at right. It contains in its upper left corner, "usps.com, the value figures, '''US POSTAGE''', and a rate statement. The date is at lower left. At top right is a tracking number. At lower center is '''Mailed from''' and the ZIP code. In the center is a larger '''U.S. POSTAGE PAID''' above a small '''Click-N-Ship'''®, all backed by a field of wavy pale blue lines. : V/F: $(00)0.00 [[File: USA meter stamp PC-G1 detail.jpg|left|500px]] {{font/end}} <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: PC-G2.png|right|400px]] '''PC-G2.1''' (digital), 2023 but possibly earlier. : Similar to "'''PC-G1'''" but with a square Datamatrix barcode at the right of box "'''B2'''". : Includes numbers to right of date, perhaps customer ID : Label type "'''FS6'''" : V/F: $(00)0.00 {| class="wikitable" |- ! Mail Rate Class ! Type ! Date ! Mailed from Zip Code ! "'''Box C'''" Mail Class |- | P | Flat Rate Env | 05/08/2023 | 63005 | XXX |- | G | Insured | 06/20/2024 | 02453 | VI |- | | | | |} : <u>''' [[/Mail class and other descriptive types/|Click here for Mail Class type description]]'''</u> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: PC-G2.2.png|right|400px]] '''PC-G2.2''' (digital), 2024 but possibly earlier. : Similar to "'''PC-G2.1'''" but with security print under "US POSTAGE PAID" more heavily segmented : Includes numbers to right of date, perhaps customer ID : Label type "'''FS6'''" : V/F: $(00)0.00 <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: PPS-G2.3.png|right|400px]] '''PC-G2.3''' (digital), 2024 but possibly earlier. : Security print in "Box B2" similar to "'''PC-G2.1'''" but : "Box D" more similar to "'''PC-G2.2'''" : Includes numbers to right of date, perhaps customer ID : Label type "'''FS6'''" : V/F: $(00)0.00 <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> [[File: PC-G2.4.png|right|400px]] '''PC-G2.4''' (digital), 2024 : Security print in "Box B2" similar to "'''PC-G2.1'''" but : Box A with USPS logo to left, "USPS APIs" to right : "Box D" only with return address and destination to the right of 2D barcode : Includes numbers to right of date, perhaps customer ID : Label type "'''FS6'''" <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> {{font|size=1|color=blue|''Type '''RE4''' in 2001 edition''}}[[File: USA PC-G2.jpg|right|550px]] '''PC-G3. Envelope Manager Software (Endicia Inc.) '''. : Stamp similar to PC-E2.1 with "PDF417" barcode but with panel at top containing USPS eagle logo at left and '''Click-N-Ship'''&reg; logo at right. : This appears to be a replacement for type PC-E2.1. : Without identification number : See also "'''PC-E2.2'''" for similar item with identification number starting with "071V" : V/F: {{space|4}} $(0)0'''.'''00, <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|1=Sub-group PC-H: Franks generated by Francotyp-Postalia software, with "FP" logo in the frank}}==== {{font/top|size=3|color=#0018A8}} * Francotyp-Postalia first entered the U.S. postage meter market in 2000. Only one stamp has been reported so far, and it is dated from 2019. Earlier dates are likely. {{font/end}} {{font|size=3|color=red|'' The status of this item has been questioned, more information or scans would be important to have, please reply to editor.''}} ---- <br> {{font/top|size=3|color=black}} [[File: USA meter stamp PC-H1.jpg|right|500px]] '''PC-H1. "Francotyp-Postalia" ''' (digital/thermal), 2019 but probably earlier. : The one stamp reported appears on alarge address label with the top (postage) section containing a PDF417 barcode. : Above the barcode are, at left: the value figures and date, at center: the FP logo, and at right: '''US POSTAGE''', Mailed From [5-digit ZIP code], and the identification number with 032A prefix. : '''ComBasPrice''' appears below the date on this stamp. : The stamp is in a frame with large mail class indicator at left and the class of mail spelled out below. : V/F: $ (00)0.000 {{font/end}} <br><br><br><br> ---- ===={{font|size=4|color=#2a3439|Franks with "E-postage" or variant in the frank}}==== ---- <br> {{font/top|size=3}} * Shipping labels with '''E-Postage''', '''ePostage''', '''ePOSTAGE''' and other variants in the frank were first reported in 2011. They are used by online commerce companies with business volumes large enough to justify special arrangements with shippers such as USPS, FedX, and UPS. * E-Postage is a program developed by USPS to accommodate the growth of ecommerce. Online merchants such as Amazon and Etsy use ePostage. In 2016 new company Shippo began operation as a shipping aggregator offering ePostage to any business. * The stamps appear to be more like "post paid" permit stamps rather than metered mail but are shown here until we determine their exact nature. [[File: USA stamp type PC-F2.jpg|right|500px]] [[File: USA stamp type PC-F14.jpg|right|500px]] [[File: USA stamp type PC-F1bb.jpeg|right|300px]] * The stamps are found only on address labels with the top section having an enclosed mail-service letter at left and a frank box at right above a panel containing the mail class. : The central section contains the return address, date, and addressee. : The stamps show no value figures or identification number. : The labels do include a tracking bar code and number. : So far they have been found in two general formats: :: '''-''' With single-line border surrounding the complete design, printed on label 135 mm tall :: '''-''' With no outer border, printed on smaller label, 115 mm tall * Known variations: :: '''-''' Mail class appears in the frank box :: '''-''' Incomplete box around mail-service letter at upper left :: '''-''' Mailer's name repeated at top outside the frank box :: '''-''' "ComBasPrice" appearing left of the frank box '''NOTES''': * Merchants have some control over the appearance of the stamp. The e-Postage designation is found in different fonts. The frank box is found in a variety of sizes with contents left justified or centered. * When inaugurated in September 2011 only certain mail services were available through e-Postage system: Express Mail, Priority Mail, First-Class Mail parcels, Package Services (except Library Mail), and Parcel Select bar-coded non-presort. * What is common to all e-Postage stamps is that the frank box contains e-Postage (or variant), U.S. POSTAGE PAID (or variant), and the mailer's identification. {{font/end}} ----{{BookCat}} 4csjn2nob8fkye9l3swqadghw2t23iq 0 394028 4634595 4629812 2026-05-07T09:31:59Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634595 wikitext text/x-wiki ==VIN format 1994-2009== KIA used the following VIN format and codes from the 1994-2009 model years. {|border=1 style="margin:auto;" !Position!!Sample!!Description |- |1-3 |KNA |[[#Kia WMIs (positions 1-3)|KIA]] |- |4 |F |rowspan=2|[[#Vehicle Line|Sephia]] |- |5 |A |- |6 |1 |rowspan=2|[[#Body Style (& GVWR for MPVs)|4-door Sedan]] |- |7 |2 |- |8 |1 |[[#Engine Type/Restraint|Gas Engine 1.6 Liter B6E I4]] |- |9 |2 |[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]] |- |10 |R |[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]] |- |11 |5 |[[#Manufacturing Plant Code (position 11)|Hwasung plant (South Korea)]] |- |12 |6 |rowspan=6|Sequential number |- |13 |1 |- |14 |4 |- |15 |0 |- |16 |2 |- |17 |8 |} ===Vehicle Line (position 4-5)=== {| border=1 !VIN Code !Description |- |DC |Rio (2001-2005) |- |DE |Rio (2006-2009) |- |FA |Sephia (1994-1997) |- |FB |Sephia (1998-2001), Spectra (2000 - Mid-2004) |- |FE |Spectra (New Design) (Mid-2004 - 2009) |- |FG |Rondo (2007-2009) |- |GD |Optima/Magentis (2001 - Mid-2006) |- |GE |Optima/Magentis (New Design) (Mid-2006 - 2009) |- |LD |Amanti (2004-2009) |- |JA |Sportage 4x4 (1995-2002) |- |JB |Sportage 4x2 (1995-2002) |- |JC |Sorento 4x4 (2003-2009) |- |JD |Sorento 4x2 (2003-2009) |- |JE |Sportage 4x4 (2005-2009) |- |JF |Sportage 4x2 (2005-2009) |- |JH |Borrego 4x4 (2009) |- |JJ |Borrego 4x2 (2009) |- |MB |Sedona (2006-2009) |- |UP |Sedona (2002-2005) |} ===Body Style (& GVWR for MPVs) (position 6-7)=== {| border=1 !VIN Code !Description |- |12 |4-door sedan (1994-2008) |- |13 |1=Minivan (2002-2005 Sedona, 2007-2009 Sedona SWB). 3=GVWR: 5001 - 6000 lbs. |- |16 |5-door hatchback (2000-2008) |- |22 |4-door sedan (2009 Rio, Spectra, Optima, Amanti) |- |23 |2=Minivan - Extended length (2006-2009 Sedona LWB). 3=GVWR: 5001 - 6000 lbs. |- |24 |5-door hatchback (2009 Rio5, Spectra5) |- |52 |5-door wagon (2007-2009 Rondo) |- |62 |6=2-door SUV (Sportage 2-d). 2=4001 - 5000 lbs. |- |72 |7=4-door SUV (1995-2009 Sportage 4-d). 2=GVWR: 4001 - 5000 lbs. |- |73 |7=4-door SUV (2003-2009 Sorento). 3=GVWR: 5001 - 6000 lbs. |- |74 |7=4-door SUV (2009 Borrego). 4=GVWR: 6001 - 7000 lbs. |} GVWR=Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. MPV=Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle. ===Engine Type/Restraint (position 8)=== *1 = 1.6 Liter B6-E SOHC I4 (Sephia 1994-1995)/Automatic Belts *1 = 1.8 Liter T8D DOHC I4 (Sephia [SD] 1998-01, Spectra [SD] 2000 - Mid-2004)/Airbags *1 = 2.0 Liter DOHC Beta-II G4GC ULEV-certified I4 (Spectra [LD] Mid-2004 - 2009)/Airbags *1 = 2.0 Liter FE SOHC I4 (Sportage 1995) *1 = 3.5 Liter DOHC Sigma G6CU V6 (Sedona [GQ] 2002-2004)/Airbags *1 = 3.5 Liter DOHC Sigma G6CU Federal emissions V6 (Sedona [GQ] 2005)/Airbags *1 = 3.8 Liter DOHC Lambda G6DA V6 (Borrego [HM] 2009)/Airbags *2 = 2.0 Liter DOHC Beta-II G4GC SULEV-certified I4 (Spectra [LD] Mid-2004 - 2009)/Airbags *2 = 2.0 Liter DOHC Beta-II G4GC Federal emissions I4 (Sportage [KM] 2005-2009)/Airbags *2 = 3.5 Liter DOHC Sigma G6CU California emissions V6 (Sedona [GQ] 2005)/Airbags *2 = 4.6 Liter DOHC Tau G8BA V8 (Borrego [HM] 2009)/Airbags *3 = 1.6 Liter B6-D DOHC I4 (Sephia 1995)/Automatic Belts *3 = 2.0 Liter FE DOHC I4 (Sportage 1995-2002) *3 = 1.5 Liter B5-DE DOHC I4 (Rio 2001-2002)/Airbags *3 = 1.6 Liter DOHC Alpha-II G4ED I4 (Rio [JB] 2006-2009)/Airbags *3 = 2.4 Liter DOHC Theta G4KC I4 (Optima/Magentis [MG] Mid-2006 - 2008)/Airbags *3 = 2.7 Liter DOHC Delta G6BA V6 (Sportage [KM] 2005-2009)/Airbags *3 = 3.5 Liter DOHC Sigma G6CU V6 (Sorento [BL] 2003-2006)/Airbags *3 = 3.8 Liter DOHC Lambda G6DA V6 (Sedona [VQ] 2006-2009)/Airbags *4 = 1.6 Liter B6-D DOHC I4 (Sephia 1996-1997)/Airbags *4 = 2.5 Liter DOHC Delta G6BV V6 (Optima/Magentis [MS] 2001)/Airbags *4 = 2.7 Liter DOHC Mu G6EA V6 (Optima/Magentis [MG] Mid-2006 - 2009)/Airbags *4 = 3.5 Liter DOHC Sigma G6CU V6 (Amanti [GH] 2004-2006)/Airbags *4 = 2.0 Liter DOHC Beta-II G4GC California emissions I4 (Sportage [KM] 2005-2009)/Airbags *5 = 1.8 Liter BP DOHC I4 (Sephia 1995-1997)/Airbags *5 = 1.6 Liter B6 DOHC I4 (Rio 2003-2005)/Airbags *5 = 2.4 Liter DOHC Theta G4KC I4 (Rondo [UN] 2007-2008)/Airbags *5 = 3.8 Liter DOHC Lambda G6DA V6 (Amanti [GH] 2007-2009)/Airbags *5 = 3.3 Liter DOHC Lambda G6DB V6 (Sorento [BL] 2007-2009)/Airbags *6 = 2.4 Liter Sirius II DOHC I4 (Optima/Magentis [MS] 2001 - Mid-2006)/Airbags *6 = 2.7 Liter DOHC Mu G6EA V6 (Rondo [UN] 2007-2009)/Airbags *6 = 3.8 Liter DOHC Lambda G6DA V6 (Sorento [BL] 2007-2009)/Airbags *8 = 2.7 Liter DOHC Delta G6BA V6 (Optima/Magentis [MS] 2002 - Mid-2006)/Airbags *8 = 2.4 Liter DOHC Theta-II G4KE I4 (Optima/Magentis [MG] 2009)/Airbags *8 = 2.4 Liter DOHC Theta-II G4KE ULEV-certified I4 (Rondo [UN] 2009)/Airbags *9 = 2.4 Liter DOHC Theta-II G4KE SULEV-certified I4 (Rondo [UN] 2009)/Airbags ==VIN format Since 2010== KIA has used the following VIN format and codes since the 2010 model year. {|border=1 style="margin:auto;" !Position!!Sample!!Description |- |1-3 |KNA |[[#Kia WMIs (positions 1-3)|KIA]] |- |4 |G |[[#Vehicle Line 2|Optima]] |- |5 |G |[[#Model & Series|Base Trim Level (LX)]] |- |6 |4 |[[#Body Style - Passenger Cars|4-door Sedan]] |- |7 |A |[[#Restraint|Both Side - Active seat belts with front pretensioners, Front Airbags, Front Side Airbags, Side Curtain Airbags]] |- |8 |8 |[[#Engine Type (position 8)|Gas Engine 2.4 Liter Theta II I4]] |- |9 |2 |[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]] |- |10 |A |[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]] |- |11 |5 |[[#Manufacturing Plant Code (position 11)|Hwasung plant (South Korea)]] |- |12 |6 |rowspan=6|Sequential number |- |13 |1 |- |14 |4 |- |15 |0 |- |16 |2 |- |17 |8 |} ===Vehicle Line (position 4)=== {| border=1 !VIN Code !Description |- |A |Rio (2018-2023, Mexican-built) |- |A |EV9 (2024-) |- |C |Niro (2017-) |- |C |EV6 (2022-) |- |D |Rio (2010- , Korean-built) |- |E |Stinger (2018-2023) |- |E |Seltos (2021-) |- |F |Forte (2010-2024), K4 (2025-) |- |G |Optima (2010-2020), Magentis (2010), K5 (2021-) |- |H |Rondo (2010-2017) |- |J |Soul (2010-2025) |- |K |Borrego/Mohave (2010-2011 [Canada]) |- |K |Sorento (2011-2015) |- |K |Sportage (2010) |- |K |Sportage (2023- , US-built) |- |L |Cadenza (2014-2020) |- |L |K900/K9/Quoris (2013-2018) |- |M |Sedona (2010-2021) |- |N |Carnival (2022-) |- |P |Sportage (2011- , Korean-built) |- |P |Sorento (2016-2020) |- |P |Telluride (2020-2025, 2027-) |- |R |Sorento (2021-) |- |S |K900/K9/Quoris (2019-2020 [USA]) |} ===Body Style - Passenger Cars (position 6)=== {| border=1 !VIN Code !Description |- |4 |4-door sedan |- |5 |5-door hatchback (Rio 5-door, Forte 5-door, K4 5-door, Stinger) |- |6 |2-door coupe |- |8 |5-door wagon (2010-2017 Rondo) |} ===Body Style/Drive Wheels/Weight Class - Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle (position 6)=== {| border=1 !VIN Code !Description |- |2 |Wagon 4x2 Class B |- |3 |Wagon 4x2 Class C |- |4 |Wagon 4x2 Class D |- |5 |Wagon 4x2 Class E |- |C |Wagon 4x4 Class C |- |D |Wagon 4x4 Class D |- |E |Wagon 4x4 Class E |- |F |Wagon 4x4 Class F |} ===Restraint System or GVWR (position 7)=== *A = Manual belts, Dual front airbags & front side airbags & 2-row side curtain airbags *D = Manual belts, Dual front airbags & front side airbags & rear side airbags & 2-row side curtain airbags *J = Manual belts, Dual front airbags & front side airbags & rear side airbags & 2-row side curtain airbags & driver-side knee airbag *K = Manual belts, Dual front airbags & front side airbags & 3-row side curtain airbags & driver-side knee airbag & front center airbag *L = Manual belts, Dual front airbags & front side airbags & 2-row side curtain airbags & driver-side knee airbag *S = Manual belts, Dual front airbags & front side airbags & rear side airbags & 2-row side curtain airbags & driver-side knee airbag & front center airbag *S = Manual belts, Dual front airbags & front side airbags & rear side airbags & 3-row side curtain airbags & driver-side knee airbag & front center airbag (EV9) ===Engine Type (position 8)=== *1 = 1.6 Liter DOHC Gamma G4FC I4 (Soul [AM] 2010-2011) *1 = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Gamma-II G4FJ I4 (Optima [JF] 2016-2020) *1 = 2.4 Liter DOHC Theta-II G4KE I4 (Sorento [XM] 2011-2013) *1 = 2.0 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Theta-II G4KH I4 (Sorento [UM] 2016-2018) *1 = 3.8 Liter DOHC Lambda G6DA V6 (Borrego [HM] 2010-2011) (Canada) *1 = 3.3 Liter DOHC GDI Lambda II G6DH V6 (Sedona [YP] 2015-2021) *1 = 3.3 Liter DOHC GDI Lambda II G6DH V6 (Cadenza [YG] 2017-2020) *1 = 2.5 Liter DOHC turbocharged DPI Smartstream G2.5T Theta-III G4KP 4-cyl. (Telluride [LQ2] 2027-) *1 = Electric motor (201hp) (64 kWh/180.9Ah Battery) (Soul EV [SK3] 2020-2023) (Canada) *1 = Electric motor (201hp) (64.8 kWh/180.9Ah Battery) (Niro EV [SG2] 2023-) *1 = Electric motor (201hp) (99.8 kWh/180.9Ah Battery) (EV9 RWD [MV1] 2024-) *2 = 2.0 Liter DOHC Beta-II G4GC I4 (Soul [AM] 2010-2011) *2 = 1.6 Liter DOHC GDI Gamma-II G4FD I4 (Soul [PS] 2014-2019) *2 = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Gamma-II G4FJ I4 (Seltos [SP2] 2021-2023) *2 = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Smartstream G1.6T G4FP I4 (K5 [DL3] 2021-2024) *2 = 2.0 Liter DOHC Theta-II G4KD I4 (Forte [TD] 2010-2013) *2 = 2.0 Liter DOHC Beta-II G4GC Federal emissions I4 (Sportage [KM] 2010) *2 = 2.0 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Theta-II G4KH I4 (Optima [JF] 2016-2020) *2 = 2.4 Liter DOHC Theta-II G4KE I4 (Sportage [SL] 2011-2013) *2 = 3.5 Liter DOHC Lambda II G6DC V6 (Sorento [XM] 2011-2013) *2 = 4.6 Liter DOHC Tau G8BA V8 (Borrego [HM] 2010-2011) (Canada) *2 = Electric motor (134hp) (39.2 kWh/120Ah Battery) (Soul EV [SK3] 2020-2023) (Canada) *2 = Electric motor (215hp) (76.1 kWh/120.6Ah Battery) (EV9 RWD [MV1] 2024-) *3 = 1.6 Liter DOHC Alpha-II G4ED I4 (Rio [JB] 2010-2011) *3 = 1.6 Liter DOHC GDI Gamma-II G4FD I4 (Rio [UB] 2012-2017) *3 = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Gamma-II G4FJ I4 (Forte [YD] 2014-2018) *3 = 2.4 Liter DOHC Theta-II G4KE I4 (Forte [TD] 2010-2013) *3 = 2.4 Liter DOHC GDI Theta-II G4KJ I4 (Optima [JF] 2016-2020) *3 = 2.4 Liter DOHC GDI Theta-II G4KJ I4 (Sorento [UM] 2016-2020) *3 = 2.7 Liter DOHC Delta G6BA V6 (Sportage [KM] 2010) *3 = 2.0 Liter DOHC GDI Nu G4NC I4 (Rondo [RP] 2014-2017) (Canada) *3 = 3.8 Liter DOHC Lambda G6DA V6 (Sedona [VQ] 2010) *3 = 3.8 Liter DOHC GDI Lambda II RS G6DJ V6 (K900 [KH] 2015-2018) *3 = 3.5 Liter DOHC GDI Smartstream G3.5 Lambda III G6DT V6 (Carnival [KA4] 2022-) *4 = 2.7 Liter DOHC Mu G6EA V6 (Optima/Magentis [MG] 2010) *4 = 2.0 Liter DOHC Beta-II G4GC California emissions I4 (Sportage [KM] 2010) *4 = 5.0 Liter DOHC GDI Tau G8BE V8 (K900 [KH] 2015-2018) *5 = 1.6 Liter DOHC GDI Gamma-II G4FD I4 (Soul [AM] 2012-2013) *5 = 2.0 Liter DOHC GDI Nu G4NC I4 (Soul [PS] 2014-2019) *5 = 3.3 Liter DOHC GDI Lambda II G6DH V6 (Sorento [UM] 2016-2020) *5 = Electric motors (379hp) (99.8 kWh/180.9Ah Battery) (EV9 AWD [MV1] 2024-) *6 = 1.8 Liter DOHC Nu G4NB I4 (Forte [YD] 2014-2016) *6 = 2.0 Liter DOHC Nu G4NA I4 (Soul [AM] 2012-2013) *6 = 2.0 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Theta-II G4KH I4 (Optima [TF/QF] 2011-2015) *6 = 2.0 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Theta-II G4KH I4 (Sportage [SL] 2011-2016) *6 = 2.0 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Theta-II G4KH I4 (Sportage [QL] 2017-2022) *6 = 2.4 Liter DOHC GDI Theta-II G4KJ I4 (Sorento [XM] 2012-2015) *6 = 2.7 Liter DOHC Mu G6EA V6 (Rondo [UN] 2010-2012) (Canada) *6 = 3.3 Liter DOHC twin-turbocharged GDI Lambda II RS G6DP V6 (K900 [RJ] 2019-2020) *7 = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Smartstream G1.6T G4FP I4 (Seltos [SP2] 2024-) *7 = 2.0 Liter DOHC Nu G4NH I4 (Forte [YD] 2017-2018) *7 = 2.4 Liter DOHC GDI Theta-II G4KJ I4 (Optima [TF/QF] 2011-2015) *7 = 2.5 Liter DOHC DPI Smartstream G2.5 Theta-III G4KN I4 (K5 [DL3] 2025-) *7 = 3.3 Liter DOHC GDI Lambda II G6DH V6 (Cadenza [VG] 2014-2016) *7 = 3.3 Liter DOHC GDI Lambda II G6DH V6 (Sorento [XM] 2014-2015) *7 = 3.5 Liter DOHC Lambda II G6DC V6 (Sedona [VQ] 2011-2014) *8 = 2.0 Liter DOHC GDI Nu G4NC I4 (Forte [YD] 2014-2018) *8 = 2.4 Liter DOHC Theta-II G4KE I4 (Optima/Magentis [MG] 2010) *8 = 2.4 Liter DOHC Theta-II G4KE ULEV-certified I4 (Rondo [UN] 2010-2012) (Canada) *8 = 2.5 Liter DOHC turbocharged DPI Smartstream G2.5T Theta-III G4KP I4 (K5 [DL3] 2021-) *9 = 2.4 Liter DOHC Theta-II G4KE SULEV-certified I4 (Rondo [UN] 2010) (Canada) *A = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Gamma-II G4FJ I4 (Soul [PS] 2017-2019) *A = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Smartstream G1.6T G4FT I4 + Electric (Carnival Hybrid [KA4] 2025-) *A = 2.0 Liter DOHC Nu G4NH I4 (Seltos [SP2] 2021-) *A = 2.0 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Theta-II G4KL I4 (Stinger [CK] 2018-2021) *A = Electric motor (225hp) (77.4 kWh Battery) (EV6 RWD [CV] 2022-2024) *A = Electric motor (225hp) (84 kWh Battery) (EV6 RWD [CV] 2025-) *A = 2.5 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Smartstream G2.5T Theta-III G4KS 4-cyl. + 17 hp electric motor (P1) + 72 hp electric motor (P2) (1.65 kWh/5.5Ah Battery) (Telluride Hybrid [LQ2] 2027-) *B = 1.6 Liter DOHC GDI Gamma-II G4FD I4 (Rio [YB] 2018-2019) *B = Electric motor (167hp) (58 kWh Battery) (EV6 RWD [CV] 2022-2024) *B = Electric motor (167hp) (63 kWh Battery) (EV6 RWD [CV] 2025-) *C = 1.6 Liter DOHC GDI Kappa-II G4LE I4 + Electric (Niro Hybrid [DE] 2017-2022) *C = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Gamma-II G4FJ I4 (Forte [BD] 2020-2024) *C = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Smartstream G1.6T G4FP I4 (K4 [CL4] 2025-) *C = 2.0 Liter DOHC GDI Nu G4NG I4 + Electric (6.0Ah Battery) (Optima Hybrid [JF] 2017) *C = 2.4 Liter DOHC GDI Theta-II G4KJ I4 (Sportage [SL] 2014-2016) *C = 2.4 Liter DOHC GDI Theta-II G4KJ I4 (Sportage [QL] 2017-2022) *C = 2.5 Liter DOHC DPI Smartstream G2.5 Theta-III G4KN I4 (Sorento [MQ4] 2021-) *C = 3.3 Liter DOHC twin-turbocharged GDI Lambda II RS G6DP V6 (Stinger [CK] 2018-2023) *C = 3.8 Liter DOHC GDI Lambda II G6DN V6 (Telluride [ON] 2020-2025) *C = Electric motors (320hp) (77.4 kWh Battery) (EV6 AWD [CV] 2022-2024) *C = Electric motors (320hp) (84 kWh Battery) (EV6 AWD [CV] 2025-) *D = 1.6 Liter DOHC GDI Kappa-II G4LE I4 + Electric (Niro Plug-in Hybrid [DE] 2018-2022) *D = 1.6 Liter DOHC Gamma-II G4FG I4 (Rio [YB] 2020-) *D = 2.0 Liter DOHC Nu G4NH I4 (Forte [BD] 2019-2024) *D = 2.4 Liter DOHC Theta-II G4KK I4 + Electric (Optima Hybrid [TF] 2011-2016) *D = 2.0 Liter DOHC GDI Nu G4NG I4 + Electric (27.2Ah Battery) (Optima Plug-in Hybrid [JF] 2017-2020) *D = 2.5 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Smartstream FR G2.5T Theta-III G4KR I4 (Stinger [CK] 2022-2023) *E = 1.6 Liter DOHC GDI Smartstream G1.6 G4LL I4 + Electric (Niro Hybrid [SG2] 2023-) *E = 2.0 Liter DOHC GDI Nu G4NG I4 + Electric (6.5Ah Battery) (Optima Hybrid [JF] 2017-2020) *E = 2.0 Liter DOHC Smartstream G2.0 (Nu PE) G4NS I4 (K4 [CL4] 2025-) *E = Electric motor (109hp) (Soul EV [PSEV] 2015-2019) *E = Electric motors (460/576hp) (77.4 kWh Battery) (EV6 GT AWD [CV] 2022-2024) *E = Electric motors (601/641hp) (84 kWh Battery) (EV6 GT AWD [CV] 2025-) *F = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Gamma-II G4FJ I4 (Soul [SK3] 2020-2022) *F = 1.6 Liter DOHC GDI Smartstream G1.6 G4LL I4 + Electric (11.1 kWh/30.8Ah Battery) (Niro Plug-in Hybrid [SG2] 2023-2025) *F = 2.5 Liter DOHC DPI Smartstream G2.5 Theta-III G4KN I4 (Sportage [NQ5] 2023-) *F = 2.5 Liter DOHC turbocharged DPI Smartstream G2.5T Theta-III G4KP I4 (Sorento [MQ4] 2021-) *G = Electric motor (201hp) (64kWh/180Ah Battery) (Niro EV [DE] 2019-2022) *G = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Smartstream G1.6T G4FT I4 + Electric (Sportage Hybrid [NQ5] 2023-) *G = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Smartstream G1.6T G4FT I4 + Electric (Sorento Hybrid [MQ4] 2021-) *H = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Smartstream G1.6T G4FT I4 + Electric (13.8kWh/38.3Ah Battery) (Sportage Plug-in Hybrid [NQ5] 2023-) *H = 1.6 Liter DOHC turbocharged GDI Smartstream G1.6T G4FT I4 + Electric (13.8kWh/38.3Ah Battery) (Sorento Plug-in Hybrid [MQ4] 2022-) *U = 2.0 Liter DOHC Nu G4NH I4 (Soul [SK3] 2020-2025) GDI=Gasoline Direct Injection, DPI=Dual Port Injection (Direct & Port Injection), Ah=Amp-hour, Kwh=Kilowatt-hour ==Kia WMIs (positions 1-3) == * KNA = Kia South Korea (passenger car) * KNC = Kia South Korea (truck) * KND = Kia South Korea (multi-purpose vehicle) * KNE = Kia South Korea (passenger car - Europe export thru 2009) * KNG = Kia South Korea (bus) * KNL = Kia South Korea (Elan/Vigato made by Kia Motech) * LJD = Jiangsu Yueda Kia Motors Co., Ltd. (formerly Dongfeng Yueda Kia) * MZB = Kia India Pvt Ltd. * PNA = Kia made by Naza in Malaysia * TMA = Kia made by Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Czech * U5Y = Kia Motors Slovakia * U6Y = Kia Motors Slovakia (multi-purpose vehicle) * XTK, XWK = Kia made by Izh Avto * XWE = Kia made by Avtotor * Z94 = Kia made by Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Rus * 3KP = Kia Motor Manufacturing Mexico (Passenger Vehicle) * 5XX = Kia Motor Manufacturing Georgia (Passenger Vehicle) * 5XY = Kia Motor Manufacturing Georgia (Multi-Purpose Passenger Vehicle) * 8LG = Kia made by Aymesa in Ecuador * 9UW = Kia made by Nordex in Uruguay ==Manufacturing Plant Code (position 11)== * A = Ansan, South Korea (Kia Motech plant) * E = Pesqueria, Nuevo Leon, Mexico * G = West Point, Georgia, USA * H = Gwangju, South Korea * J = Nošovice, Czech Republic (WMI code: TMA) (Hyundai plant) * L = Žilina, Slovakia * N = Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India * R = Saint Petersburg, Russia (Hyundai plant) * T = Seosan, South Korea (Donghee Auto Co. Ltd. plant) * 0 = Yangcheng, Jiangsu, China (Jiangsu Yueda Kia Motors Co., Ltd. plant) * 5 = Osnabrück, Germany (Karmann plant, WMI code: KNE) * 5 = Hwasung, South Korea * 6 = Sohari plant, Gwangmyeong, South Korea * 7 = Gwangju, South Korea {{BookCat}} gc231nmffg9h7dgwkhc25f2ag8gb9lk 0 394030 4634594 4298892 2026-05-07T09:31:01Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634594 wikitext text/x-wiki ==VIN format After 2017== KIA Myanmar used the following VIN format and codes in the Myanmar 2017 {|border=1 style="margin:auto;" !Position!!Sample!!Description |- |1-3 |MS0 |[[#World Manufacture Identifier (WMI) |MYANMAR (KIA)]] |- |4 |G |[[#Vehicle Line|OPTIMA]] |- |5 |U |[[#Model & Series|Middle Grade (GLS)]] |- |6 |4 |[[#Body/Cabin type|Sedan-4 door]] |- |7 |1 |[[#Restraint|Both Side - Active belt]] |- |8 |4 |[[#Engine Type|Diesel Engine 2.4 Liter] |- |9 |B |[[#Drive's side & Transmission|LHD & AT] |- |10 |H |[[../../2017/]] |- |11 |Y |[[#Plant|Yangon (Myanmar)]] |- |12 |6 |rowspan=6|Sequential number |- |13 |1 |- |14 |4 |- |15 |0 |- |16 |2 |- |17 |8 |} =VIN format After 2019= KIA Myanmar used the following VIN format and codes in the Myanmar 2019-2020 {|border=1 style="margin:auto;" !Position!!Sample!!Description |- |1-3 |MS0 |[[#World Manufacture Identifier (WMI) |MYANMAR SUPER SEVEN STARS MOTORS INDUSTRY COMPANY LIMITED(KIA)]] |- |4-5 |BD |[[#Vehicle Line|CERATO]] |- |6 |4 |[[#Body/Cabin type|Sedan-4 door]] |- |7 |1 |[[#Engine|Gasoline Engine 1.6 Liter]] |- |8 |A |[[#Drive Side & Transmission|LHD & AT] |- |9 |6 |[[#Transmission Speed|6 Speed] |- |10 |L |[[../../2020/]] |- |11 |Y |[[#Plant|Yangon (Myanmar)]] |- |12 |6 |rowspan=6|Sequential number |- |13 |1 |- |14 |4 |- |15 |0 |- |16 |2 |- |17 |8 |} {{center|'''IDENTIFICATION NUMBER DESCRIPTION FOR SUPER SEVEN STARS MOTORS INDUSTRY CO.,LTD (KIA MYANMAR)'''}} {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" !Position (1-3) VIN code. '''World Manufacturer Identifier (WMI)''' !Description |- |MS0 |MYANMAR (KIA) |} ====Geographic Zone (position 1)==== * M = Asia (Myanmar) ====Manufacturer (position 2)==== * S = SSS (SUPER SEVEN STARS MOTORS INDUSTRY CO.,LTD), Myanmar KIA ====Vehicle Type (position 3)==== * 0 = Passenger Vehicle, MPV, SUV, RV, Sedan {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" !Position (4 - 5) VIN code. '''Vehicle Line / Model & Series''' !Description |- |G/JF/K5/DL |OPTIMA |- |B/JA |PICANTO |- |D/YB |RIO |- |H/RP |CARENS |- |N/QL |SPORTAGE |- |P/UM/MQ |SORENTO |- |M/YP/KA |CARNIVAL |- |BD |CERATO |- |AB |SOLUTO |- |SP |SELTOS |- |S |Low Grade (L) |- |T |Middle-Low Grade (GL) |- |U |Middle Grade (GLS) |- |V |Middle-High Grade (HGS) |- |W |High Grade (TOP) |- |X |Premium GL Grade (PGL) |} {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" !Position (6) VIN code. '''Body & Cabin Type''' !Description |- |1 |Limousine |- |2 |Sedan-2 Door |- |3 |Sedan-3 Door |- |4 |Sedan-4 Door |- |5 |Sedan-5 Door/Wagon-5 Door |- |6 |Coupe |- |7 |Convertible |- |8 |Wagon |} {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" !Position (7) VIN code. '''Restraint System/Engine Type''' !Description |- |0 |Gasoline Engine 3.3 Liter |- |1 |Gasoline Engine 1.6 Liter |- |2 |Gasoline Engine 1.2 Liter |- |3 |Gasoline Engine 1.4 Liter |- |4 |Gasoline Engine 1.5 Liter |- |5 |Gasoline Engine 2.0 Liter |- |6 |Gasoline Engine 2.4 Liter |- |7 |Diesel Engine 1.7 Liter |- |8 |Diesel Engine 2.0 Liter |- |9 |Diesel Engine 2.2 Liter |} {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" !Position (8) VIN code. '''Driver Side & Transmission''' !Description |- |A |LHD & AT |- |B |LHD & MT |- |C |LHD & MT+Transfer |- |D |LHD & AT+Transfer |- |E |LHD & CVT |- |F |LHD & Reduction Gear |- |G |LHD & DCT |- |H |LHD & DCT+Transfer |} {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" !Position (9) VIN code. '''Transmission Speed''' !Description |- |4 |4 Speed |- |5 |5 Speed |- |6 |6 Speed |- |7 |7 Speed |- |8 |8 Speed |} {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" !Position (10) VIN code. '''Production Year''' !Description |- |H |2017 |- |J |2018 |- |K |2019 |- |L |2020 |- |M |2021 |- |N |2022 |- |P |2023 |- |R |2024 |- |S |2025 |} {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" !Position (11) VIN code. '''Plant Of Production''' !Description |- |Y |Yangon (MYANMAR) |} {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" !Position (12 - 17) VIN code. '''Vehicle Production Sequence Number''' !Description |- |000001-999999 |000001 |} {{BookCat}} jeenbcgwwf6q210jr1cf5h2up01i7fi 0 398662 4634613 4620952 2026-05-07T09:49:01Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634613 wikitext text/x-wiki ==<font size=5><font color=#1F75FE>'''GROUP ESY: Essays'''</font></font>== [[United_States_Postage_Meter_Stamp_Catalog |<font size=2>''<u>Click here to return to the United States Postage Meter Stamp Catalog</u>''</font>]] <div style="font-size:medium;"> <div style="color:08457E;"> * Meter stamps essays are experimental designs that were either abandoned or changed in some way before being approved for use. Experimental designs that reach field testing or production intact are known as pre-production proofs. * Meter stamp essays are almost universally rare with some being unique and others unknown in collectors' hands. * In previous editions of the catalog essays were divided into three sub-groups based on the meter model the designs were prepared for (abandoned, eventually sanctioned, or non-USA origin). Because many essays are not associated with any particular meter model the current edition of the catalog abandons that scheme and uses one based on the developmental era in which the essays were introduced, as follows: {| |- |style="color:08457E"| :: '''A. {{space|3}} Before meters were approved for general use in 1920''' :: '''B. {{space|3}} Early competitive development, 1921 to 1938''' :: '''C. {{space|3}} Later competitive development (mechanical meters), 1938 to 1990s''' :: '''D. {{space|3}} Digital meters, 1980 to date''' |} * It is likely that more essays were created than are listed here. Most may be lost forever as meter companies went out of business and their records eventually being lost or destroyed. Others may still exist lurking in company archives or in the memorabilia of active and former employees. </div> </div> <div style="color:08457E;"> {{center/top}}<font size=5>'''* * *'''</font>{{center/end}} <span style="font-family:Courier;">'''A word about <u>Proofs</u>'''. Visually they are identical to approved, issued stamps. Those generated before the stamp design was released are technically essays but are categorized as '''pre-production proofs''' and are not included in the ESY Group. Collectors should be aware of them however since they are generally quite rare and have significance. See the article about Essays/Specimens/Proofs in the '''''Information for collectors''''' section of the catalog.</span> </div> <br><br> ---- ====<font size=4><font color=#2a3439>Sub-group ESY-A: Before meters were approved for general use in 1920</font></font>==== <br> ---- <br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A1 in 2001 edition''</font></font> <div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A1.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-AA1. Elmer E. Wolf and William A. Scott''', 1898. {{space|3}}[—] : In 1898, Elmer Wolf and William Scott experimented with a meter machine that was promoted as offering security from postage theft. No record could be found of it being submitted to the Post Office Department for consideration. : The illustration is from patent drawings. No actual examples of the stamp are known to exist. The stamp would have been printed on horizontal tape displaying the time, date, firm name, postage amount, and accumulated postage used. The machine was capable of printing nine different postage values. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A9 in 2001 edition''</font></font> <div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A2.jpg|right|260px]] '''ESY-AA2. Elmer E. Wolf and William A. Scott''', sometime between 1913 and 1920. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Horizontal frameless design with ornamental line of dots and dashes above and below the following text: "UNITED STATES / POSTAGE" at top followed by "CENTS", GOOD & REESE C<u>O</u>", SPRINGFIELD, OHIO". Two shield ornaments containing the number 2 are at the sides. Below the ornamental line at bottom is "REGISTER" and a six-digit number. : Two examples are known, both printed in red. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A2 in 2001 edition''</font></font> <div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AB1.1.jpg|right|240px]] '''ESY-AB1.1. Pitney Postal Machine''', 1901. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Fancy double circle design with "UNITED STATES" at top and "POSTAGE" below inside the rings. Four-digit impression counter number in center. Outside the rings at bottom is "LICENSE 160 NUMBER". Value "TWO 2 CENTS" in ornaments at both sides. : Single denomination machine. : Only one stamp is confirmed to exist, printed in pale gray blue on cover. Two other examples are reported to exist, printed on gummed tape. [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AB1.1 cover.jpg|left|500px]]</div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A3 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-B1p2.jpg|right|225px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AB1.2A.jpg|right|500px]] '''ESY-AB1.2. Pitney Postal Machine''', 1902. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Similar to Pitney's 1901 circular design but the value ornaments at the sides have been moved to the bottom where they flank a panel containing the postage value spelled out. At bottom are “LICENSE / 264”. : The impression counter number is five digits rather than four. : This stamp is from a multi-denomination machine capable of printing 1, 2 and 5 cent stamps. :: '''A'''. Hand-drawn image on cover (unique) :: '''B'''. Die proof in black without the impression counter number, two cent stamp with one cent and five cent segments printed below the complete two cent stamp (unique) :: '''C'''. Printed in red (four covers exist plus a single sheet with three die proofs with same impression counter number [45407]) :: '''D'''. Die proof in red without the impression counter number (one sheet with three impressions exists) :: '''E'''. One cent stamp on cover (unique) [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AB1.2BD.jpg|left|450px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AB1.2C.jpg|right|500px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AB1.2E.jpg|left|750px]]</div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A4 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AB2p1.jpg|right|420px]] '''ESY-AB2. Pitney Postal Machine''', 1903. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Shield shaped design with "UNITED STATES / POSTAGE" at top and "TWO (2) CENTS" at bottom. Below the shield is "LICENSE / 264". Rectangle at center contains a five-digit impression counter number. :: '''A'''. The frank has three hollow circles at the sides of the shield. Two examples reported. :: '''B'''. The frank has the circles filled in, possibly by colored pencil rather than a die change. One example known on cover. [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AB2B cover.jpg|left|500px]]</div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A5 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-B3.jpg|right|290px]] '''ESY-AB3. Pitney Postal Machine''', 1903. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Double two-lined oval design with "A PENALTY OF $300 IS FIXED / BY LAW FOR USING THIS ENVELOPE TO" in two lines at top and "AVOID PAYMENT OF POSTAGE / ON PRIVATE MATTER." in two lines at bottom. No postage value shows. In the center is a five digit impression counter number. : This "official mail" design was submitted for a test proposed by the Post Office Department. It was rejected as too large for the small envelopes expected to be used for the trial. : It is not known how many, if any, examples of this stamp exist today. [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AB3 cover.jpg|left|500px]]</div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A6 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AC1.jpg|right|170px]] '''ESY-AC1. American Postage Meter Co.''', 1913. {{space|3}}[—] : Gummed tape with value figures at top followed by "PARCEL POST", "PERMIT 42", 4-digit impression counter number, "X.Y. CO.", "CHICAGO, ILL.", and the date. : Multi-denomination machine capable of printing 1, 2, and 5 cent values. The tapes were to be in different colors with the value figures applied in black. : The illustration was taken from patent drawings. The color is added. No actual examples of the stamp are known to exist.</div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(AA1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AC2.jpg|right|255px]] '''ESY-AC2. American Postage Meter Co.''', 1913. {{space|3}}[—] : Shield shape design with inner rectangle very similar to Type AB1. In fact the appears to be a modification of the same die with town line changed to "CHICAGO,ILL." and with the permit number changed to a solid block. This essay is probably a transitional design toward Type AB2. : The illustration was taken from a newspaper photo. It is unlikely that actual examples exist.</div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> '''ESY-AC3.1. American Postage Meter Co.''' (''from Arthur Pitney's personal archives''), 1919. {{space|3}}[RRRR] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AC3p1.jpg|right|650px]] : Sheet of paper with two stamp designs hand drawn in ink by Arthur Pitney. One design is circular and closely resembles essay Type ESY-AD3.2 below. The other is similar to Type ESY-AC3.3 below. : {{space|3}}This sheet and the others shown as Types ESY-AC3.2 through AC3.6 are all hand drawn by Mr. Pitney. Only one of each exists. : {{space|3}}All the AC3 series of essays include "CERTIFIED POSTAGE" in their designs. The use of this phrase was unlikely to have meant Certified Mail service but instead to identify the stamps as actual postage. At the time Pitney created these designs he was struggling to convince skeptical U.S. postal officials that a stamp from a postage meter could be trusted and reliable.</div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AC3p2.jpg|right|400px]][[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AC3.2B.jpg|right|340px]] '''ESY-AC3.2. American Postage Meter Co.''' ('''''A''' is from Arthur Pitney's personal archives. '''B''' is pinned to a letter written by Pitney investor Harry G. Seger mailed to Walter Bowes in 1919.''), 1919. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : These essays were hand drawn by Arthur Pitney. : Triple concentric circle design with all circles double lined. At top are “U.S. CERTIFIED / POSTAGE”. At center is the date and time. At the sides are two small circles containing the number “2”. :: '''A'''. Drawn in ink on small sheet, "TWO CENTS PAID / NEW YORK, N.Y." at bottom. In lines below the frank: "PERMIT NO. 1946 / METER NO. 3275 / HUDSON TERM." :: '''B'''. Drawn in pencil on small sheet, "CENTS PAID / WASHINGTON D.C." at bottom. In lines below the frank: "PERMIT NO. 3912 / METER NO. 6978". Pitney penned a note on this sheet, "''I didn't have time to ink this one, but you can see how it would look. A.H.P.''". : Only single examples of '''A''' and '''B''' are known to exist.</div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AC3p4.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-AC3.3. American Postage Meter Co.''' (''from Arthur Pitney's personal archives''), 1919. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Horizontal rectangle with top and bottom extensions, long at left, short at right. In ribbons at top and bottom are “CERTIFIED POSTAGE” (‘’top’’) and “CHICAGO ILL.” (‘’bottom’’). In the center are “TWO CENTS PREPAID” above an inner rectangle containing the date and time. At both sides are small circles contain the number “2”. In the corners are “U” at left and “S” at right. : Hand drawn by Arthur Pitney. : One sheet exists.</div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AC3p5.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-AC3.4. American Postage Meter Co.''' (''from Arthur Pitney's personal archives''), 1919. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Horizontal rectangle with six long line extensions at right. In the rectangle are curved “CERTIFIED POSTAGE” at top and “WASHINGTON D.C.” at bottom. At center is a large shaded “2”. Through the center is “TWO CENTS PREPAID”. At left of the large “2” are “P.” above “M”, and at right are “1946” above “375”. In the upper corners are “U” and “S”. Each lower corner contains the number “2”. At left is a single circle town mark reading "WASHINGTON D.C." at top and "STA. D" at bottom. : Hand drawn by Arthur Pitney. : One sheet exists.</div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AC3p6.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-AC3.5. American Postage Meter Co.''' (''from Arthur Pitney's personal archives''), 1919. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Very similar to Type ESY-AC3.4 but without the large shaded “2” in the center. The curved line at bottom reads “TWO CENTS PAID”. The permit and meter numbers are larger and in the center. At the center of both sides are circled “2”s. In the left corners are “U”s and in the right corners are “S”s. : Hand drawn by Arthur Pitney. : One sheet exists. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AC3p7.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-AC3.6. American Postage Meter Co.''' (''from Arthur Pitney's personal archives''), 1919. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Similar to Type AC3.3 but with top and bottom extensions going out to the edges of the sheet at both sides. In wavy text at top are “CERTIFIED POSTAGE / TWO CENTS PREPAID” and “WASHINGTON, D.C.” at bottom. In the center are large “2”s flanking the date and time. In the upper corners are “U” and “S”. In the lower corners are “^{<font size=4>.</font>}U^{<font size=4>.</font>}S^{<font size=4>.</font>}”. At bottom center is a curved line ornament. Below the rectangle are “PERMIT N^<u>o</u> 3742” above “METER N^<u>o</u> 322”. : Hand drawn by Arthur Pitney. : One sheet exists. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A7 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AD1p1.jpg|right|180px]] '''ESY-AD1.1. The Universal Stamping Machine Company''' (Walter Bowes), 1918. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Double circle design with "NEW YORK, N.Y." at top and "HUDSON TERM. STA." at bottom. A barbell shaped panel traversing the design below center had a "1" at each end and "U.S. POSTAGE / ONE CENT" in the center. Above the barbell are "1" above the date and time. Below the barbell is "P. 184". : Printed in green. : This stamp along with Type ESY-AD1.2 were enclosed in a mailing of 5000 to Universal stock holders. Only ten examples are known to exist today, all with date "NOV 30-18". '''NOTE''': Two examples of ESY-AD1.1 and one of ESY-AD1.2 are on covers with corner card of the Universal Stamping Machine Company. They are probably from 1918. All the others known have corner card of The Postage Meter Company and are from the 1920 mailing. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A8 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AD1p2.jpg|right|180px]] '''ESY-AD1.2. The Universal Stamping Machine Company''' (Walter Bowes), 1918. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Double circle design with "WASHINGTON, D.C." at top and "CENTS" at bottom. At both sides of "CENTS" are two small circles containing the number "2". In the center are "U.S. POSTAGE / 2 / ''date'' / ''time'' / "P.184". : Printed in red. : Only eight examples are known to exist today, all with date "SEP 30-18". : See the '''NOTE''' following Type ESY-AD1.1. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A10 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AE1.1A.jpg|right|460px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-AE1.jpg|right|460px]] '''ESY-AE1.1. Pitney Bowes (''The Postage Meter Company'')''' (Walter Bowes), 1920. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : The frank consists of seven horizontal wavy lines with text interlaced: "FIRST-CLASS MAIL / POSTAGE 2c PAID / P. No.2327". At left, reading up, is the meter number. Two meter numbers known: :: '''A'''. M-2753 in black on irregular sheet {{space|3}}[One example reported] :: '''B'''. M.2758 in red {{space|3}}[Two examples reported, one on unaddressed cover and one cut-out] : This stamp design was used in the demonstration of the Model "M" meter for the Post Office Department in 1920. The machine was approved, but the stamp design was changed to a square with wavy lines at the sides, Type B1 in this catalog. : Double circle town mark reads "NEW YORK, N.Y." at top and "HUDSON TERM. STA." at bottom. [[File:USA meter stamp ESY-AE1.1A sheet.jpg|right|460px]] </div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> ---- ====<font size=4><font color=#2a3439>Sub-group ESY-B: Early competitive development, 1920 to 1938</font></font>==== <br> ---- <br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(BA1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA1p2.jpg|right|335px]] '''ESY-BA1. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1920. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This is a prototype design that led to the first commercial meter stamp design, Type B1. It looks like a permit stamp of the time with "PERMIT" and number removed from the bottom and "P.40" penned into the vacant spot. Meter number "M.1031" reads up vertically at right. : One example known, 8 cent value without town mark. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type XXX in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA2p1.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-BA2.1. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company'') (''from Arthur Pitney's personal archives''), 1921. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This hand drawn essay was dashed off by Arthur Pitney as he began thinking about a stamp design to replace the square (Group B) frank which the Post Office Department disliked due to its close resemblance to non-metered permit stamps of the day. : The top and bottom ribbons evolved into the oval frank found in Group C. : One sheet exists. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type XXX in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA2p2.jpg|right|480px]] '''ESY-BA2.2. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1921. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This is another Arthur Pitney hand drawn essay, this one more structured than Type ESY-BA2.1 and also more closely resembling the oval design (Sub-group CA) that it was leading to. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type XXX in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA2p3.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-BA2.3. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1921. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This is one of six two cent essays printed in white on blue paper (''as a blueprint'') that were produced in Pitney Bowes' efforts to come up with an acceptable replacement for the square Group B design. : Dated June 28, 1921 this one is a double oval inside a rectangular frame which itself is in a larger frame of straight lines at top and bottom that extend outward at the sides. Vertical columns of small circles are at each side. Smaller lines extending outward at the sides were added by hand in dark ink. "UNITED STATES" is spelled out at top, "M.1946" and "P.326" are in the lwoer corners. : One sheet is known. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type XXX in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA2p4.jpg|right|410px]] '''ESY-BA2.4. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1921. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This essay is similar to Type ESY-BA2.3 but without the outer frame although with the dark lines added by hand at the sides. : "U." and "S." are in the upper corners. "M.1205" and "P.362" are in the lower corners. : Dates August 25, 1921. : One sheet is known. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type XXX in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA2p5.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-BA2.5. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1921. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : The design resembles Pitney's hand draws essay ESY-BA2.1 with ribbons at top and bottom containing "CERTIFIED POSTAGE" and "TWO CENTS PAID". : Double circle town mark at left. : Dated August 26, 1921. : One sheet is known. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type XXX in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA2p7.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-BA2.6. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1921. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This design is a return to the double oval inside a rectangular frame and closely resembles Type ESY-BA2.4 except it has "U.S. POSTAGE" across the top and has a hollow bar-like ornament at bottom. : "M.2104" and "P.1527" are in the lower corners. : Dated September 2, 1921. : One sheet is known. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA2p6.jpg|right|430px]] '''ESY-BA2.7. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1921. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Nearly identical to ESY-BA2.6 but the line extensions at the sides are machine printed in white rather than added by hand. : Dated September 2, 1921. : Two sheets are known. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA_meter_stamp_ESY-BA2.8_.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-BA2.8. Arthur Pitney''', 1924. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Similar to Types ESY-BA2.6 and -BA2.7 but the oval reads [value] CENTS PAID at top, and NEW YORK, N.Y.” at bottom. “STA. D.” at bottom center. Value figure circles contain only the numeral. : No actual examples are known. The illustration is from a patent filed by Arthur Pitney in April 1922 and published December 2, 1924, U.S. patent number 1517248. : The patent indicates the design was for a fixed value machine capable of printing five values, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 cents. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA2.9.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-BA2.9. Arthur Pitney''', 1925. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Frank designed for a parcel post meter. Frank with double line outer border. “U.S. POSTAGE” and “PERMIT No. 2188” at top. “METER No 1092” and “SAN FRANCISCO CALIF.” at bottom. At center left is a circle containing “PAID 035 CENTS”. At center right is the date “MAY 22-22”. : No actual examples are known. The illustration is from a patent filed by Arthur Pitney in 1922 and published March 24, 1925, U.S. patent number 1530852. : The patent indicates the design was for a 3-bank multi-value machine capable of printing values presumably from 001 to 999. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA2.10.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-BA2.10. Arthur Pitney''', 1925. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : (FV-3) The frank is similar to BA2.8 but includes elements of BA2.9 (double line outer border, and value circle at left and date at right center). “METER No” is spelled out. : No actual examples are known. The illustration is from a patent filed by Arthur Pitney in 1923 and published October 13, 1925, U.S. patent number 1557086. : The patent indicates the design was for a fixed value machine capable of printing three values. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A12 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA3.jpg|right|175px]] '''ESY-BA3. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1926. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Double circle with "barbell" very similar to a two cent version of Type ESY-AD1.1 but with the barbell higher. : "NEW YORK" is at top and "N. Y." is at bottom. The date is above the barbell and "P.1" and the meter number are below. : Meter number: "METER NO. 502" : Printed in red. : Due to its similarity to Types ESY-AD1.1 and ESY-AD1.2 it is possible this essay was made around the same time and inscribed with a future date. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(CA2)3 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA4p2.jpg|right|360px]] '''ESY-BA4.1. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1932. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essays BA4.1 through BA4.4 are trial designs generated in an attempt to come up with a way to change the postage value of single denomination Model M meters without having to replace the entire stamp die. : This is a 2 cent Type CA2.2 frank with "THREE CENTS PAID" added in large letters below. : Meter number 5294. : Undated. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA4p3.jpg|right|430px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA4p3 detail.jpg|right|330px]] '''ESY-BA4.2. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1932. : This is Type CA1.2 with "CTS 3 PD" added by hand in red ink below "PERMIT". : Meter number 5726. : Undated. : Four examples known. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(CA2)1 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-B4p3A.jpg|right|330px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-B4p3B.jpg|right|430px]] '''ESY-BA4.3. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1932. : This is a combination of Types ESY-BA4.1 and -BA4.2, "THREE CENTS PAID" added below the frank and with a three cent slug below PERMIT, in this case applied with a metal slug rather than hand drawn. :: '''A'''. "PD 3 CTS" below PERMIT, meter number 7823 {{space|3}}[RRRR] :: '''B'''. "Pd 3 Cts" below PERMIT, meter number 2488 {{space|3}}[R] </div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(CA1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA4.4.jpg|right|435px]] '''ESY-BA4.4. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1932. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Similar to a Specimen of Type CA1.1 with "SAMPLE" applied diagonally across the frank but with "'''1^CT X PD'''" inside the town mark. : Meter and permit numbers "0000". : Dated November 20, 1932. : Value: {{space|3}}2+1 cent </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(CK1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA4p5.jpg|right|450px]] '''ESY-BA4.5. Pitney Bowes''' (''The Postage Meter Company''), 1944. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Although long past the time when Pitney Bowes was searching for a way to add a surcharge slug to fixed value Model M oval stamp dies this Type CA4 stamp has "Adl. 1¢ Pd." slug inside the town mark. : It is anomalous also because the CA4 stamp was produced by a limited value Model "CVS" machine rather than the fixed value Model M. : Meter number 9654. : Dated January 2, 1944. </div> <div style="font-size:medium; color=green;">'''''Essays in the ESY-BA5 series''' (-BA5.1 through -BA5.13) were created for Pitney Bowes' Model HX meter. Each of the thirteen essays exists either as a hand-drawn image in pencil or ink on tracing paper mounted on card or drawn directly on the card stock in ink. These large essays measure approximately 3½ by 3¾ inches in size. Five of the designs were converted into metal dies which were used to print normal size stamps with town mark.''<p>''The purpose of these essays is not fully understood. The HX model first came into use in 1932, but the metal die ESY-BA5 essays have year date 1938. The HX model was old technology by that date. It is possible the year date is random and the essays were created in 1932 while working toward an appropriate design for the HX machine. Another possibility is that the dateless engineering drawings were created in 1932 but the steel die printed stamps were produced years later as souvenirs or for another purpose. All the metal die stamps have town mark "EL PASO / TEXAS" and are dated April 11, May 3, or May 11 1938. ''</p></div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(DE3)5 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p1B.jpg|right|210px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p1A.jpg|right|370px]] '''ESY-BA5.1. Pitney Bowes "HX"''', 1938. {{space|3}}[——] : Essay labeled "HX-1" has eagle at top with "UNITED" and "STATES" in ribbons below the wings. In large solid characters in the center are "POSTAGE / 3 / CENTS". At bottom is the meter number. The frank frame is elaborate with leafy flourishes at the sides. :: '''A'''. Large engineering drawing of frank with "HX-1" below {{space|3}}[RRRR] :: '''B'''. Full impression with town mark, printed from a metal die {{space|3}}[RRR] </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p2.jpg|right|240px]] '''ESY-BA5.2. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay labeled "HX-2" has eagle's head only at top with "UNITED" and "STATES" in small panels at the sides. Large "POSTAGE" is in a ribbon above a solid "3" in the center with "CENTS" below. At bottom is the meter number. : The frank frame is elaborately detailed with flourishes and rays at the sides. : The stamp exists only as a large engineering drawing with no meter die known to have been made. </div> <font color=green><span style="font-size:medium;">'''NOTE''': ''See the statement above ESY-BA5.1.''</span></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type Type ESY-B(DE3)1 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-B5p3A.jpg|right|240px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p3.jpg|right|370px]] '''ESY-BA5.3. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay labeled "HX-3" has "UNITED STATES" in a curved ribbon at top with "POSTAGE" immediately below. The letters in "POSTAGE" are negative with shadows and appear in a frame with vertically lined background. At the center is a "3" in oval with cross-hatched background. Below is "CENTS", curved in an elaborate frame. Framed at bottom is the meter number. :: '''A'''. Large engineering drawing of frank with "HX-3" below {{space|3}}[RRRR] :: '''B'''. Full impression with town mark, printed from a metal die {{space|3}}[RRR] : Shown below is a close-up of the die printed frank showing more of the detail. [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p3 detail.jpg|left|210px]] </div> <font color=green><span style="font-size:medium;">'''NOTE''': ''See the statement above ESY-BA5.1.''</span></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p4.jpg|right|240px]] '''ESY-BA5.4. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay labeled "HX-4" is similar to ESY-BA5.3 but has 4 cent value. "POSTAGE", "4", and "CENTS" are negative against a solid background. Instead of a simulated-perforation border the stamp has elaborate leaf-like ornaments at the sides. : The stamp exists only as a large engineering drawing with no metal die made. </div> <font color=green><span style="font-size:medium;">'''NOTE''': ''See the statement above ESY-BA5.1.''</span></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(DE3)2 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p5 b&w.jpg|right|240px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p5.jpg|right|370px]] '''ESY-BA5.5. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay labeled "HX-5" is similar to ESY-BA5.3 but has an overall background of vertical lines. "POSTAGE", "3", and "CENTS" are solid against clear backgrounds. :: '''A'''. Large engineering drawing of frank with "HX-5" below {{space|3}}[RRRR] :: '''B'''. Full impression with town mark, printed from a metal die {{space|3}}[RRR] </div> <font color=green><div style="font-size:medium;">'''NOTE''': ''See the statement above ESY-BA5.1.''</div></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p6.jpg|right|240px]] '''ESY-BA5.6. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay labeled "HX-6" is very similar to ESY-BA5.4 and has leaf-like side ornaments rather than a simulated-perforation outer border. "POSTAGE", "4", and "CENTS" are solid against clear backgrounds. : The stamp exists only as a large engineering drawing with no metal die made. </div> <font color=green><span style="font-size:medium;">'''NOTE''': ''See the statement above ESY-BA5.1.''</span></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p7.jpg|right|240px]] '''ESY-BA5.7. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay labeled "HX-7" is a leafy frank as BA5.6 but with simulated-perforation outer frame line. : The stamp exists only as a large engineering drawing with no metal die made.</div> <font color=green><span style="font-size:medium;">'''NOTE''': ''See the statement above ESY-BA5.1.''</span></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p8.jpg|right|240px]] '''ESY-BA5.8. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay labeled "HX-8" has straight "U.S.POSTAGE" in panel at top and the meter number in a scroll at bottom. The central area is shaped like a four-lobed oval containing large value figure "'''.02''' with "AMOUNT" above and "PAID" below. : The stamp exists only as a large engineering drawing with no metal die made. </div> <font color=green><span style="font-size:medium;">'''NOTE''': ''See the statement above ESY-BA5.1.''</span></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p9.jpg|right|240px]] '''ESY-BA5.9. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay labeled "HX-9" is similar to ESY-BA5.8 except "U.S.POSTAGE" is curved, and the ornaments surrounding the central oval is somewhat simplified. : The stamp exists only as a large engineering drawing with no metal die made. </div> <font color=green><span style="font-size:medium;">'''NOTE''': ''See the statement above ESY-BA5.1.''</span></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(DE3)4 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p10 b&w.jpg|right|240px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p10 .jpg|right|370px]] '''ESY-BA5.10. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay labeled "HX-10" is greatly simplified from the previous -BA5 essays and is the first to resemble the approved stamp found in Sub-group DE. The stamp has simulated-perforation outer frame with straight inner frame lines. At top the letters of "U.S.POSTAGE" are arced, taller at the ends than in the center. The letters of "AMOUNT" and "PAID" are also arced although inversely. The central oval area has a much lighter but still ornamental frame. :: '''A'''. Large engineering drawing of frank with "HX-10" below {{space|3}}[RRRR] :: '''B'''. Full impression with town mark but no value figure, printed from a metal die {{space|3}}[RRR] </div> <font color=green><span style="font-size:medium;">'''NOTE''': ''See the statement above ESY-BA5.1.''</span></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p11 b&w.jpg|right|240px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p11.jpg|right|390px]] '''ESY-BA5.11. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay labeled "HX-11" is very similar to ESY-BA5.10 but has vertical lined background below the central oval which has a slightly different ornamental frame. The letters of "AMOUNT" and "PAID" are all the same size. :: '''A'''. Large engineering drawing of frank with "HX-11" below {{space|3}}[RRRR] :: '''B'''. Full impression with town mark, printed from a metal die {{space|3}}[RRR] </div> <font color=green><span style="font-size:medium;">'''NOTE''': ''See the statement above ESY-BA5.1.''</span></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p12.jpg|right|240px]] '''ESY-BA5.12. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay labeled "HX-12" is also very similar to ESY-BA5.10 but the inner frame surrounding the central oval is quite different and more a true oval shape. : The stamp exists only as a large engineering drawing with no metal die made. </div> <font color=green><span style="font-size:medium;">'''NOTE''': ''See the statement above ESY-BA5.1.''</span></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA5p13.jpg|right|240px]] '''ESY-BA5.13. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay labeled "HX-13" closely resembles ESY-BA5.7 but "POSTAGE", "3", and "CENTS" are negative against solid backgrounds. : The stamp exists only as a large engineering drawing with no metal die made. </div> <font color=green><span style="font-size:medium;">'''NOTE''': ''See the statement above ESY-BA5.1.''</span></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(DE1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA6.jpg|right|320px]] '''ESY-BA6. Pitney Bowes'''. 1932? {{space|3}}[RRRR] : The frank is a Specimen version of a Sub-group DE stamp but it has a double circular town mark with "RETURN POSTAGE. / PREPAID" between the rings. : Meter number 00000 : Postage value '''.'''02 </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(FA)1 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA7.jpg|right|540px]] '''ESY-BA7. Pitney Bowes''', 1930. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This is an early trial design for Pitney Bowes' first omni-denomination machines, the Model J, which first came into use in July 1933. It has a rectangular frank and separate town mark with an impression counter number between. The frank includes a central oval inner frame around the value figures. : Two impressions are known, one dated October 25, 1930 and the other dated April 12, 1932. Both have town mark "WASHINGTON / D.C." and value figures: {{space|3}}0 00 ''':''' : Meter number 000000 </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type XXX in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA8p1.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-BA8.1. Pitney Bowes'''.{{space|3}}[RRRR] : Another trial design for the Model J omni-denomination meter, this one has no separate town mark and is a horizontal rectangle with simulated-perforation border with the town line ("WASHINGTON, D.C.") at the bottom. "U.S.POSTAGE" is curved at top between "U" and "S" in the upper corners, both letters bisected by horizontal bar containing a dash. At left is an oval containing the value figures with "AMOUNT" and "PAID" protruding at top and bottom. The right side of the inner oval is open to a shield ornament containing "METER" at top with a diagonal panel containing "E 12345". Date and impression counter number at center and right. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type XXX in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA8p2.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-BA8.2. Pitney Bowes''', 1931.{{space|3}}[RRRR] : Very similar to ESY-BA8.1 this stamp has slightly different ornaments in the center, most notable in the absence of a curl above the "W" of "WASHINGTON". : Meter number E-00000 </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA8.3.jpg|right|360px]] '''ESY-BA8.3. Pitney Bowes''' 1930.{{space|3}}[RRRR] : Similar to previous ESY-BA8 types but narrower design with "U.S. POSTAGE" straight rather than curved. The oval surrounding the value figures does not have protrusions above "POSTAGE" and below "PAID" and has an ornamental line at left. The shield containing the meter number is a different shape. : Meter number E12345 </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(FB6) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA9.jpg|right|330px]] '''ESY-BA9. Pitney Bowes''', 1934.{{space|3}}[RRRR] : This essay is very similar to the issued stamp (Sub-group FB) but instead of a single-line date it has the date, time, and year in three lines. : One example known with straight town line "NEW YORK / N. Y.", meter number 000000, dated October 5, 1934. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(GA2) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA10p1.jpg|right|300px]] '''ESY-BA10.1. Pitney Bowes''', 1935. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : The stamp is very similar to Type GA2 but the legs of the eagle are resting on a curved base rather than a straight horizontal line. The stars above the eagle's head are slightly smaller than in the issued stamp. : Meter number 00000 </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(GB3) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA10p2.jpg|right|290px]] '''ESY-BA10.2. Pitney Bowes''', 1938. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : The stamp is a preliminary design leading up to Type GB2.1. It differs from GB2.1 in that the background is filled with straight lines and the eagle has three stars over its head. : Meter number 00000 </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A17 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA11p1.jpg|right|740px]] '''ESY-BA11.1. Pitney Bowes''', 1934. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Trial design for a U.S. Internal Revenue distilled spirits revenue stamp. : Wide tape with Eagle with wings spread inside circle in center with ribbons going off to both sides containing "U.S. INTERNAL REVENUE" at left and "DISTILLED SPIRITS" at right. Beneath the ribbons are "BOTTLE STAMP" and date at left and "METER 0000 / ½ Pt. / TAX PAID" at right. At the far ends are ornamented panels both containing "—THE— / RICHARD ROE / DISTILLING CO. / BALTIMORE MD." </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A20.jpg|right|355px]] '''ESY-BA11.2. Pitney Bowes''', 1935. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Sample design prepared for state government treasury agencies. : Yellow tape with serrated edges containing two-part design. : At left in a frameless circular design with scrolls at top and bottom are "LIQUOR" / value figures / "TAX PAID". : At right in a frameless oval design with scrolls are "STATE OF AMERICA / LICENSE 000" at top and "METER 0000 / TREASURY DEPT" at bottom. Between the two are the date at left and "EVERYONE'S / WHOLESALE / SUPPLY CO INC." at right. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A21.jpg|right|280px]] '''ESY-BA11.3. Pitney Bowes''', 1936. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Another sample design prepared for state government treasury agencies. : The two-part frank is similar but smaller that ESY-A19 and is printed on plain tape with serrated edges. : At left in ornamental frame are "STATE / OF / AMERICA" with date below. : At right in similar ornamental frame are "LIQUOR / PAID / TAX" with value figures below. : At far left reading up is "LIC No. 139". : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]'''.''' 00 ''':''' </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A22.jpg|right|320px]] '''ESY-BA11.4. Pitney Bowes''', 1936. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Here is a third sample design prepared for state government treasury agencies. : As ESY-A20 printed on plain serrated tape. : The design is in two parts. At left are the date and "LICENSE 24" reading up with ornamental wavy line at right and bottom. : At right is an ornamental wavy line rectangle containing "STATE OF AMERICA" in arc above "TAX PAID" stacked at left and the value figures at center. At far left reading up is an impression counter number. : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]'''.''' 00 ''':''' </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A23 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A23.jpg|right|155px]] '''ESY-BA12.1. Pitney Bowes''', 1936. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Essay design prepared for the U.S. Social Security system that became law in 1935. : Square frank with simulated perforation border. Inscribed at top "SOCIAL INSURANCE / PREMIUM PAID" and at bottom "AGENCY OF / GOVERNMENT". Stacked at the sides are "P B METER OOOO" at left and "<i>undecipherable</i>(LICENSE?) 0000" at right. : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]0 00 </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A24 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A24.jpg|right|160px]] '''ESY-BA12.2. Pitney Bowes''', 1936. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This is a second design prepared for the U.S. Social Security system. : Square frank as with ESY-A22 but inscribed at top "SOCIAL INSURANCE / AGENCY OF / GOVERNMENT" and at bottom "PREMIUM PAID / P.B.METER 0000 / LICENSE 0000" with nothing at the sides. The month and year appear below the bottom frame line. : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]'''.'''00 '''NOTE'''. The illustrations for ESY-BA12.1 and ESY-BA12.2 are taken from <i>The Insurance Stamp Pass Book System</i> by W.F. Bernart, Jr. of Pitney Bowes, 1926-1937. Actual examples of the essays may not exist. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A25 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A25.jpg|right|350px]] '''ESY-BA13. Pitney Bowes''', 1937. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Trial design prepared for a federal stock transfer stamp. : Horizontal rectangle with simulated perforation outer border and with column ornaments at both sides. At left are the value figures above "TAX PAID" and at center is a double oval frame with "DOCUMENTARY" at top, "STOCK TRANSFER" at bottom, and with the date in the center. Below the double oval is "P.B. METER 546". At right is a vertical transaction counter number reading down. Small squares in each corner contain the letters U, S, I and R. : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]00 00 </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A25 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BA14.jpg|right|440px]] '''ESY-BA14. Pitney Bowes''', 1936. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Trial design leading up to and nearly identical to Mailomat Type PV-A1 differing only in the town name and meter number which is 7261 instead of 100. : The stamp appeared in early 1936 several months before Mailomat 100 was placed into service. : Six examples have been documented on unaddressed covers, all with the fictional "Woodmont Hotel" slogan shown here. : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]00 </div> <br><font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A11 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BB1A.jpg|right|400px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BB1.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-BB1. Mack Postograph Company''', 1921. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Square frame with seven long straight lines extending from the left side. Inside the frame: "U.S.POSTAGE / PAID / 2 / CENT / PERMIT N^<u>o</u> 8". : At left is a double circle town mark ("SAN FRANCISCO / CAL.") : Between the town mark and the frank is meter number 00147 reading up. :: '''A'''. Hand drawn stamp with double line double circle town mark, dated APR 20 1921 :: '''B'''. Machine printed stamp with single line double circle town mark, dated APR 25 1921 : The design was rejected because the Post Office Department had already abandoned the square (Group B) indicia in favor of the oval (Group C) design. [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BB1 patent.jpg|left|400px]] </div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(CC1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BB2.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-BB2. Mack Postograph Company''', 1922. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Prototype design leading up to Type CC1. The stamp is as Type CC1 except the lines emanating from the sides of the oval are straight rather than curved. : Two cent meter no. 231, permit number 25 : Town mark reads "LOS ANGELES / CALIF/" [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BB2 patent.jpg|left|400px]] </div> <br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(BA2) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BC1.jpg|right|440px]] '''ESY-BC1'''. Mail-O-Meter, 1921. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : The stamp closely resembles Type B1, Pitney Bowes' first stamp approved for general use. The most obvious different is that the meter number, reading up between the town mark and frank, has "'''MN^<u>o</u>'''" prefix instead of the single letter "M". : Five different machines were used to print the essays: :: '''A'''. MN^<u>o</u> 0001, PERMIT 1, 2 cents :: '''B'''. MN^<u>o</u> 0002, PERMIT 2, 1 cent :: '''C'''. MN^<u>o</u> 0003, PERMIT 3, 2 cents :: '''D'''. MN^<u>o</u> 0004, PERMIT 4, 1 cent :: '''E'''. MN^<u>o</u> 0005, PERMIT 5, 2 cents : Five sets of five stamps on covers are known to exist. : The design was abandoned after the Post Office Department decided the square indicia was inadequate and that an oval frank would replace it. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(CB1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BC2.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-BC2. Mail-O-Meter''', 1922. {{space|3}}[RRRR] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BC2 cover.jpg|right|300px]] : This is a preliminary oval meter design leading to Type CB1. It differs from CB1 in that the center contains "PAID / TWO CENTS / METER NO. / 0005" with "PERMIT" and a solid block in the lower panel. The lines at the sides sweep up rather than down as they do with CB1. : Two examples of this stamp are known, one on an unaddressed cover and the other on an addressed cover. Both stamps have the same date and time, September 8, 1922, 11:30 am, and the addressed cover has return address in New York City although the meter stamp shows "DETROIT / MICH." which is where Mail-O-Meter was located. These facts make it unlikely that the addressed cover was actually mailed. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-C1 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BD1 full sheet.jpg|right|350px]] '''ESY-BD1. The Automatic Franking Machine Co. Ltd. (AFM) model "E"''', 1921. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : A sheet exists with several essay designs prepared by Ernest Moss of New Zealand, founder of AFM. The company had considerable success in its home country and in 1921 prepared to expand business into the rest of the world. Two Moss machines were shipped to England that were to be forwarded to the U.S. for testing, but that was never done. : The stamps are upright straight-line rectangles with small breaks low at the sides. At the bottom below the breaks is the town name. Small squares in the upper corners show the postage value. At center is a circled meter number with "POSTAGE" curved over "PAID" above and the postage amount spelled out below. : The sheet contains two sets of essays prepared for the U.S. Each set consists of 20, 10, 5, 2, and 1 cent stamps printed in black. The set with meter number 1 has town name "WASHINGTON". The other set has meter number 2 and town name "NEW YORK". The full sheet is shown at right. : Other examples of these essays may exist. </div> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BD1.jpg|left|640px]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-C2 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BE1.jpg|right|400px]] [[File: ESY-BE1.1 250320.png|right|400px]] '''ESY-BE1.1. Universal Postal Frankers "NZ"''', 1923. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Rectangular indicia with simulated-perforation outer border. Underlined "U.S.POSTAGE" is curved above a large shield in the center. At center is a very small circle containing meter number 37. : Postage value "'''2c'''" or "'''5c'''" appears in the lower corners. : The town mark is a single circle with wavy line extensions at the sides. It reads "LONDON / W.C.2". : This essay and the two following were produced in England and probably never traveled to the U.S. <br><br><br> </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type XXX in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BE2.jpg|right|730px]] '''ESY-BE1.2. Universal Postal Frankers "Special Midget"''', 1924. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Similar to Type ESY-BE1.1 but "U.S.POSTAGE" is not underlined, and the shield is smaller. : Meter number 9999 is in a small oval above the center. The postage value "2 CENTS 2" appears in a barbell ornament at bottom. : Date figures are very small. : Town mark reads "LONDON / W.1". </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type XXX in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BE1p3.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-BE1.3. Universal Postal Frankers "Midget"''', 1926. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Very similar to Type ESY-BE1.2 but the meter number "3" is in a larger circle at center. : The town mark, reading "SPECIMEN / ONLY", has no wavy lines at the sides. </div> :::::<font color=GREEN><font size=2>"'''NOTE:'''" It has been suggested that this listing looks more like a "'''NEOPOST'''" FV-4 machine</font></font> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BF1.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-BF1. Whitlock''', 1924. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This is a typical oval stamp design except for the inscriptions. At top is "R.G.WHITLOCK" and at bottom is "SAMPLE INDICIA". In the center are "PRESS / No.19 / PATND. / 6/26/17". Double circle town mark reads "LOS ANGELES / CALIF." : Three impressions are known, one on an official Los Angeles Post Office Department envelope, and two on opposite corners of a plain envelope. All the stamps have the same date, July 22, 1924. The stamps have the appearance of a rubber hand stamp impression and may not have been produced by a meter. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BF2p1.jpg|right|450px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BF2p1 patent.jpg|right|300px]] '''ESY-BF2.1''', Whitlock (''William J. Pearson''), 1928. {{space|3}}[—] : This is a design found on a patent filed by William J. Pearson in 1928. Although no connection with Mr. Pearson and Whitlock could be found the design is obviously a precursor to Type ESY-BF2.2 below which came from Whitlock. Either Pearson worked for Whitlock or Whitlock obtained the patent from him. : Shown reduced at lower right is the illustration as taken directly from the patent drawings. Shown above it is the illustration modified by the removal of the outer rectangle which is not part of the stamp. : The frank consists of four plain rectangles containing the ZONE and number, weight, postage, and "POSTAGE / PAID" respectively with "UNITED STATES POSTAGE" spelled out above. Below the four boxes are two lines of text: :: "METER No.______ PERMIT No._____" :: "METERED PARCEL POST MAIL" : With double circle town mark at left reading "LOS ANGELES / CALIF" : No actual examples of the stamp are known to exist. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A13 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BF2p2.jpg|right|440px]] '''ESY-BF2.2. Whitlock''' 1930. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This stamp is almost identical to Type ESY-BF2.1 except for the removal of the boxes around the central elements. Instead of lines after "METER No." and "PERMIT No., three zeros appear. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A16 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BF3.jpg|right|200px]] '''ESY-BF3. Whitlock / National Postal Meter''', sometime between 1930 and 1933. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Square indicia with simulated-perforation outer border resembling Type DB through DD franks. The inner frames around the value figures are nearly square rather than round. : One set of impressions, without town mark, showing 1, 2, 3, 10, 50 cent, and one dollar values is known. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BG1.jpg|right|425px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BG1 on photo.jpg|right|425px]] '''ESY-BG1. National Cash Register''', 1925. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Group C-like oval design inscribed "INTERNATIONAL" at top and "GENERAL ELECTRIC" at bottom. : Inside the side circles are script "G" and "E". : This appears to be an essay prepared for use as an internal control stamp for General Electric, but it shows that NCR was thinking of postage meters as early as 1925. : One example known affixed to a large photograph of the machine that produced the stamp. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(DA1)1 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BH1p1.jpg|right|800px]] '''ESY-BH1. Universal "Midget"''', 1927. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This strip of three stamps (6, 2, and 1 cents) is a preparatory design leading to Type DA1. It differs from the issued stamp by having indented rather than vertical sides and straight-line rather than simulated-perforation outer border. : "U.S. POSTAGE" in both top and bottom panels. : Meter number 145, same as the issued stamp. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A14 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BJ1.jpg|right|440px]] '''ESY-BJ1. Ohmer Fare Register Company''', 1930. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Tape with frameless text-only format divided in left and right halves and with a line of data across the bottom. : At left are "PERMIT / NO. 1 / ISSUED TO / Ohmer Fare Reg. Co. / <u>DAYTON, OHIO</u>. : At right are "POSTAGE FOR / AMOUNT AS / SPECIFIED / <u>BELOW</u>" with vertical reading down "Met. No. 1991" at far right. : Across the bottom are the date, postal clerk ID number, type of service, postage amount, and an impression counter number. : This stamp is from an omni-denomination parcel post franking machine that may have been approved by the Post Office Department but which was never placed into use. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A15 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BJ2.jpg|right|440px]] '''ESY-BJ2. Ohmer Fare Register Company''', 1931. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Similar to Type ESY-A15 but with double circle town mark and oval meter stamp design forming the two halves. : The inside of the oval contains "PERMIT ' No. 5 / OFR METER / NO. 1991". : The line across the bottom contains the date, zone, weight, mail service, value figures, and an impression counter number. : The stamp appears to be from the same omni-denomination parcel post franking machine that produced stamp ESY-A15. Although the meter was never placed into use in the United States Ohmer Fare was successful in getting it placed in a post office in South Africa where it was trialed for a short time. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BB3.jpg|right|850px]] '''ESY-BK1. Continental Postage Meter Company''', 1930. {{space|3}}[—] : In 1930 Luther Mack (founder of Mack Postograph Company) applied for a patent (approved and issued in 1935) for a limited-value postage meter. At the time Mack was probably working for the Continental Postage Meter Company which had acquired Mack Postograph in 1928. The patent illustration shows a strip of stamps that appear nearly identical to Type DB1.1 except for using "'''METER N^o'''" instead of "'''METER NO.'''" as a prefix. Shown are three different stamp values, 2, 3, and 5 cents, plus an empty dashed square probably indicating that the machine could insert another value in that spot. : Double circle town mark reading "LOS ANGELES / CALIF." with single line date : No actual prints of the stamp are known to exist. </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(DH1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BK1.jpg|right|270px]] '''ESY-BL1'''. International Postal Supply, 1931. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This essay closely resembles Type DD1 except for the "'''N^<u>o</u>'''" prefix to the meter number. The issued design has "NO." prefix. : The most distinguishing feature is the very narrow spacing between the rings of the town mark. : 2 cent value, meter number 0000 </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type XXX in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BL1.jpg|right|500px]] '''ESY-BM1. Francotyp "C" (Germany)''', 1932. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Upright rectangle with simulated-perforation border. "U.S.POSTAGE" with curved bottom at top, meter number 000000 very small at bottom. At center is a double oval with indented sides and "CENTS" above and "PAID" below. The space between the town mark and frank is wide and contains an impression counter number over a slogan, in this case "You see more and more Metered Mail". : The town mark reads "SPECIMEN". : Value figures: {{space|3}}000 </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type XXX in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-BL2.jpg|right|300px]] '''ESY-BM2. Francotyp "''Automat No 3''"''', 1933. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : The frank is identical to ESY-BM1 but has two bank value figures: {{space|3}}00 : The town mark is closely spaced to the frank. : Only a single example of this stamp is known. It appears on an archival card discarded by Francotyp years after the essay was produced. </div> ---- ====<font size=4><font color=#2a3439>Sub-group ESY-C: Later competitive development (mechanical meters), 1938 to 1990s</font></font>==== <br> ---- <br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(PO-IA4) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA1p1.jpg|right|295px]] '''ESY-CA1.1. Pitney Bowes''', 1939. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Similar to Type PO-A6.3 but the frank has "PAID" below "U.S. POSTAGE". : Another difference is that the meter number (P.O.107914) is preceded by "P.O. : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] <font size=5>≋</font> 00 ''':''' </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IA1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA1p2.jpg|right|295px]] '''ESY-CA1.2. Pitney Bowes''', 1939. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Very similar to Type IA1 but the value figures are much taller and have serifs. They are similar to the value figures found with Type GB2.1. : Another difference is that the meter number (100009) has "METER NO" above it rather than just "METER". : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 ''':''' </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA1p3A.jpg|right|295px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA1p3B.jpg|right|295px]] '''ESY-CA1.3. Pitney Bowes''', 1960. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Specimen version of Type IA4.1 with the line above the meter number extended to the right clipping off the bottom of the value box. "PITNEY-BOWES" is added by hand in colored pencil below this line. :: '''A'''. Large "PITNEY-BOWES" only :: '''B'''. "PITNEY-BOWES" with "METER" above "000000" at left : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] <font size=5>≋</font> 00 ''':''' </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA2p1.jpg|right|295px]] '''ESY-CA2.1. Pitney Bowes''', 1949. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This essay and the next appear to be remnants of an abandoned attempt to update the eagle design used with Group I meter stamps. : The eagle's wings are wavy and its head looks upward. "U.S. POSTAGE" is embedded in the wing at right. Below that wing are the value figures, unboxed, with three stars stacked at right. : Meter number P.B. 113797 : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] <font size=5>≋</font>.00 ''':''' </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA2p2.jpg|right|295px]] '''ESY-CA2.2. Pitney Bowes''', 1949. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : As ESY-CA2.1 but the eagle's head is backed by an arc or radiating lines and its wings are simplified. The value figures have a line at bottom and five stacked stars at right. : The town mark has a leafy border at bottom : Meter number P.B. 000000 : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] <font size=5>≋</font>.00 ''':''' </div> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)1 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p1.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.1. Pitney Bowes''', 1941. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This is the earliest dated essay of a series of seven (through ESY-CA3.7) prepared for the small "DM" (Desk Model) meter first seen franking live mail in October 1942. : "U.S. POSTAGE" extends across the top of the entire frank which has no outer frame lines except for a vertical line at right of the value figures. The rimless town mark has arcs connecting "STAMFORD" at top and "CONN." at bottom. : Meter number: "P.B. METER" above 000000 : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 </div> <br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)6 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p2.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.2. Pitney Bowes''', 1942. {{space|3}}[RRR] : Rectangular frank with simulated-perforation outer border and a background of straight horizontal lines. Empty circular town mark at left. At right is "U.S. POSTAGE" above the value box containing "PAID" at top. "METER / NO. / 200002" breaks the background lines at bottom center. Small "PB" at lower left. : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)4 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p3.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.3. Pitney Bowes''', 1942. {{space|3}}[RRR] : The frank is slightly taller and narrower than with ESY-CA3.2 and it has no background lines. At center is an eagle looking right with its wings spreading above the empty town mark circle. : Meter number: "METER No. / 2000002" : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)5 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p4.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.4. Pitney Bowes''', 1942. {{space|3}}[RRR] : Similar to Type ESY-CA3.3 but the eagle is in a downward flight and has wings spread over both the town mark circle and the value box. : Meter number: "METER No. / 2000002" : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)3 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p5.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.5. Pitney Bowes''', 1942. {{space|3}}[RRR] : As Types ESY-CA3.3 and -CA3.4 but the town mark circle is larger touching both the top and bottom frame lines. The eagle is smaller with a wing spread over a much smaller value box. : Meter number: "METER NO. / 0000000" : Town mark contains "STAMFORD / CONN." and date. : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)2 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p6.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.6. Pitney Bowes''', 1942. {{space|3}}[RRR] : As Type ESY-CA3.5 but the eagle has been replaced by a field of wavy horizontal lines. : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 </div> <br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p7.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.7. Pitney Bowes''', 1946. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This essay most closely resembles the design approved for the issued stamp, Type IB4. It is a frameless stamp with "U.S. POSTAGE" centered at top above a standing eagle between the town mark at left and a narrow value box at right. : Meter number: 000000 with "PB" at left and "METER" above "SPECIMEN" in the town mark. : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)7 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p8.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.8. Pitney Bowes''', 1946. {{space|3}}[RRR] : This "DM" essay and the next eight (ESY-CA3.9 through -CA3.16) are dated at least four years after the model went into production. It is possible Pitney Bowes was contemplating a change in the frank design but never followed through. : Frameless frank with sitting eagle looking left. Single circle town mark at left contains "CITY / STATE" and date. The small value box is below the right wing. "U.S. POSTAGE" reads down at far right. : Meter number: "PB METER" above 000000 : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)8 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p9.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.9. Pitney Bowes''', 1946. {{space|3}}[RRR] : As ESY-CA3.8 but the value box is larger. : "U.S. / POSTAGE" appears at the top of the value box. : Meter number: "PB METER" above 000000 : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)9 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p10.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.10. Pitney Bowes''', 1946. {{space|3}}[RRR] : The eagle closely resembles the eagle found in Type IB4 but for differences in the feathers at right. The value box is rectangular with "_U.S._ / POSTAGE" at top and inner line at bottom. : Meter number: "PB METER" above N^<u>o</u> 000000 : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)10 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p11.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.11. Pitney Bowes''', 1946. {{space|3}}[RRR] : Very similar to Type ESY-CA3.10 but the value box is narrower with an outer frame line running down most of the right side. No inner frame line at bottom of the value box. : Meter number: "PB METER" above N^<u>o</u> 000000 : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)11 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p12.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.12. Pitney Bowes''', 1946. {{space|3}}[RRR] : Very similar to ESY-CA3.11 but "U.S." is above '''TAGE''' of "POSTAGE" instead of centered. No outer frame line at right. : Meter number: "PB METER" above N^<u>o</u> 000000 : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] '''.''' 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)13 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p13.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.13. Pitney Bowes''', 1947. {{space|3}}[RRR] : The design harkens back to the 1942 "DM" essays with a simulated-perforation outer border, specifically the eagled ESY-CA3.3 and -CA3.4. "U.S. POSTAGE" is above an awkward looking eagle with wings partially hidden by the town mark and value box. "METER 000000" reads up between the value box and right frame line. "P.B." is found in the upper left corner. : Town mark: "ALBANY / N.Y. : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)12 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p14.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.14. Pitney Bowes''', 1947. {{space|3}}[RRR] : A conglomerate of Types ESY-CA3.2 and -CA3.5 with a horizontally lined background to much of the design and a smallish eagle at center, only smaller in this case and very official looking with a shield at its breast and an orb above. "UNITED STATES / POSTAGE" is spelled out in full at the top. The value box is pillared at the sides. This design may have been created with a nod towards an Official Business frank for the DM model meter. "P.B." is found in the lower left corner. Two short dashes are located below the frank right of center. : Meter number: "METER" above 100000 : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)14 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p15.jpg|right|275px]] '''ESY-CA3.15. Pitney Bowes''', 1947. {{space|3}}[RRR] : Very similar to Type ESY-CA3.12 except "U.S." is centered above "POSTAGE". The frank has a partial frame line at bottom and a column of thirteen stars at right. : Meter number: "P.B. METER" above 0 0 0 0 0 : V/F: {{space|3}} = 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IB)15 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA3p16.jpg|right|290px]] '''ESY-CA3.16. Pitney Bowes''', 1947. {{space|3}}[RRR] : Identical to ESY-CA3.15 except "U.S." is above '''AGE''' of "POSTAGE". : Meter number: "P.B. METER" above 0 0 0 0 0 : V/F: {{space|3}} = 00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IC)1 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA4p1.jpg|right|350px]] '''ESY-CA4.1. Pitney Bowes''', 1957. {{space|3}}[RR] : The stamp is nearly identical to Type IC2 but has large blocky value figures which were not used with any issued meter. "METER" above the meter number is smaller than on the issued stamp and does not extend over the entire number. : Meter number: "P.B. METER 143273" (STAMFORD / CONN.) : Seen only with V/F: {{space|3}} <font size=3>5'''.'''42½</font> </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IC)2 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">>[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA4p2.jpg|right|295px]] '''ESY-CA4.2. Pitney Bowes'''. {{space|3}}[RRR] : The frank is as those found in Sub-group IC but with British sterling currency (£sd) value figures. : Without town mark circle. : Meter number: "P.B. METER 522844" : V/F: {{space|3}} <font size=5>≋</font> 0'''/''' 0 = </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(ID1)1 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA5p1.jpg|right|295px]] '''ESY-CA5.1. Pitney Bowes''', ca. 1959-1960. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : The stamp is a typical Sub-group ID frank but the value figures are unlike those used with issued meters. : The zeros in the value figures are fully oval with rounded side unlike the straight-sided zeros found on issued stamps. : This stamp was used for testing phosphorescent and fluorescent ink. : One example known. : Meter number: "P.B. METER" with unreadable number : V/F: {{space|3}} 0 '''.'''00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(ID1)2 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA5p2.jpg|right|295px]] '''ESY-CA5.2. Pitney Bowes'''. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : As with Type ESY-CA5.1 the stamp is a Sub-group ID frank but with value figures unlike those used with issued meters. : The town mark circle is empty except for a series of small numbers across the center. : Meter number: "P.B. METER" with unreadable number : V/F: {{space|3}} <font size=5>≋</font>0 0 0 = </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IE1)1 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA6p1.jpg|right|330px]] '''ESY-CA6.1. Pitney Bowes'''. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Similar to Type IE1 except it has a line under U.S. POSTAGE. The approved stamp does not have this line. Additionally the meter number prefix has a tall "P.B." at left rather than in line with METER above it. The issued stamp does not have it this way. : Meter number: 000000 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(IE1)2 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA6p2.jpg|right|330px]] '''ESY-CA6.2. Pitney Bowes''', 1958. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This stamp is very similar to a Specimen of type IE1 but the meter number has a tall "P.B." at left rather than in line with METER above. The issued stamp does not have it this way. The value figures are somewhat blocky, unlike the more oval numbers found on the issued stamps. Additionally the value figures do not have a tenths of a cent bank. All the issued meters can print tenths of a cent values. : Meter number: 000000 : V/F: {{space|3}} 000'''.'''00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(PD)1 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CA8.jpg|right|335px]] '''ESY-CA7. Pitney Bowes''', 1941. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This stamp is a typical Specimen of Type IA3 but it has "POSTAGE DUE" reading up at left. This type of Postage Due slug was never used on live mail. : Three examples known. : V/F: {{space|3}} '''.'''00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A19 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A27.jpg|right|295px]] '''ESY-CA8. Pitney Bowes''', 1951. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Trial design prepared for the Internal Revenue Service to collect documentary tax. : Horizontal frank inscribed at top "^{[[File:MeterCat solid 5-point star.jpg|12px]]} UNITED STATES ^{[[File:MeterCat solid 5-point star.jpg|12px]]} / INTERNAL REVENUE / DOCUMENTARY". : Leaf ornamental frame at left contains "P.B.190078" above the date. Framed at right are the value figures. Impression counter number reading up at far left. : V/F: {{space|3}} 00'''.'''00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A20 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A28.jpg|right|480px]] '''ESY-CA9. Pitney Bowes''', 1971. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Computerized invoice revenue stamp. : Very wide design with sitting eagle at center with wings over two boxes at left and right. The left box contains "STAMFORD,CT" above the date. The right box contains "SPECIMEN" abouve the value figures. Below the eagle is the number 567. : The town, state and date are applied separately from the rest of the frank. : V/F widely spaced: {{space|3}} 0 0 '''.''' 0 0 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Types ESY-B(HB)1 and -B(HB)2 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CB1A.jpg|right|330px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CB1B.jpg|right|330px]] '''ESY-CB1.1. National Postal Meter''', 1940. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Similar to Type HB1 but the arcs above and below the value figures have small extruding points at the center. The two examples seen also have town mark formats that are not known used with issued meters. :: '''A'''. Broken inner circle town mark with inner arcs spaced very closely to the outer ring :: '''B'''. Single circle town mark with three dots at each side : Meter number: N^<u>o</u> 0000 – N.P.M. : V/F: {{space|3}}0'''.'''00 <font size=5>≋</font> </div> <br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(HB)3 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">>[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CB1C.jpg|right|235px]] '''ESY-CB1.2. National Postal Meter''', 1940. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Frank similar to Type HB1 but without inner arc above the value figures and with "PAID" above the inner arc at bottom. : One example known without town mark or value figures. : Meter number: N^<u>o</u> 0000 – N.P.M. </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A18 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CC1.jpg|right|390px]] '''ESY-CC1. International Postal Supply Co.''', 1949. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Horizontal rectangle with simulated perforation outer border. At left is a single circle town mark and at right is a square frame with "U.S.POSTAGE" at top and "I.P.S00000" at bottom. Between the two is an image of an obelisk which may represent the Washington Monument. At far right reading up: "SEC.562,P.L.&R.". : V/F: {{space|3}}0'''.'''00 ½ </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-C5 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CD1.jpg|right|355px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CD1 with slogan.jpg|right|470px]] '''ESY-CD1. Havas''' (France), 1952. {{space|3}}[RRR] : Havas, sponsored by the Commercial Controls Corporation, proposed a meter for use in the United States. It was not approved. : The frank is similar to Commercial Controls stamps (Sub-groups HB and HC) with its single simulated-perforation outer frame line but it is broken in the centers of the two sides. "U.S. POSTAGE" is at top and meter number "MH-22713" is at bottom. : Broken inner circle town mark (ROCHESTER N.Y.) : V/F: {{space|3}}00 00 </div> <br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(JA) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CE1.jpg|right|315px]] '''ESY-CE1. Postalia''', 1960. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : The frank is similar to those found in Sub-group JB and differs mostly in having an inner box surrounding the value figures. : This essay was created in 1960 when Postalia was first getting started as a supplier of U.S. postage meters, three decades before the first JB stamp was released. It was a rejected design in 1960 but was resurrected 30 years later when the Postalia 7000 model was launched. : Meter number: POSTALIA METER 300007 : V/F: {{space|3}}<font size=5>≋</font>'''.'''00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(OO-JA1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CE2.jpg|right|315px]] '''ESY-CE2. Postalia''', 1976. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Very similar to Type OO-B1 differing only in the larger "PENALTY" at left and the smaller "PRIVATE USE $300" at bottom. : Meter number: POSTALIA 000000 : V/F: {{space|3}}<font size=5>≋</font>'''.'''00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-C7 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CF1.jpg|right|480px]] '''ESY-CF1. Satas "Baby"''' (France), 1962. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : The stamp was generally modeled on the Pitney Bowes stamps listed in Group I with an eagle at center with wings spread over a single circle town mark at left and a value box at right. The resemblance ends there with a less robust looking eagle with legs extended below. : Meter number: {{space|2}}S METER o o o o : V/F: {{space|3}}<font size=1>★</font> 0 ''':''' </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-C6 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CF2.jpg|right|490px]] '''ESY-CF2. Satas "Baby"''' (France), 1962. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : As Type ESY-CF1 but with different meter number: {{space|2}}S o o o : V/F: {{space|3}}<font size=1>★</font> 0 ''':''' </div> <br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(KA1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CG1.jpg|right|330px]] '''ESY-CG1. Friden''', 1962. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This is a design leading up to Type KA1.1. It differs from the issued stamp in the three stars at far right. The issued stamp has four stars. The value figures also are different with a zero instead of a triad of wavy lines showing at left. : Meter number: F METER 000000 : V/F: {{space|3}}0'''.'''00<font size=5>≋</font> </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(KD) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CG2.jpg|right|320px]] '''ESY-CG2. Friden/ Singer''', ~1970. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Similar to Sub-group KE stamps this essay has torch flames and top and stars at bottom between the torch and the town mark. Thie issued stamp is empty in this area. : Meter number: S METER 123456 : V/F: {{space|3}}0'''.'''00<font size=5>≋</font> </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(KF) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CN1.jpg|right|365px]] '''ESY-CG3. Neopost "9232"''', 1998. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Very similar to Sub-group KF stamps this essay shows the "'''''N''''' " logo used by Neopost instead of the Friden "'''F'''" logo found on the issued stamps. : Meter number: '''''N''''' METER 19090 : V/F: {{space|3}}<font size=5>≋</font>0'''.'''00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CH1.jpg|right|400px]] '''ESY-CH1. Hill & Lovercheck''', 1966. {{space|3}}[—] : This is a design found on a patent (3,373,600) for a "Postage Meter and Stamping Machine Combination" filed in 1966 by Teresa L. Hill and Charles L. Lovercheck of Erie Pennsylvania. Shown at right is an edited image of what the stamp would like. The unedited patent drawing is shown below. It is unlikely that actual stamp impressions exist. : Meter number: T. METER 34488D : V/F: {{space|3}}<font size=5>≋</font>'''.'''00 [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CH1 patent.jpg|left|480px]] </div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CJ1.jpg|right|375px]] '''ESY-CJ1. Gunn''', 1971. {{space|3}}[—] : This is a design found on a patent (4,024,380) for a "Self Service Postal Apparatus and Method" filed in 1975 by Damon Mott Gunn of Washington DC. Shown at right is an edited image of what the stamp would like. The unedited patent drawing is shown below. It is unlikely that actual stamp impressions exist. : V/F: {{space|3}}<font size=5>≋</font>00 [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CJ1 patent.jpg|left|440px]] </div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A22 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CL1.jpg|right|290px]] '''ESY-CK1. Bell & Howell''', 1987. {{space|3}}[—] : Stamp design used by Bell & Howell in various print advertisements in 1987. The images differ somewhat in each advertisement but are similar enough so that it appears a printing die existed. Actual examples of the stamp may exist within Bell & Howell archives but are not known in collectors' hands. : Horizontal frank with hollow frame elements across top and bottom with smaller parts at the sides. At far left is a circular town mark with the left half made up of an arc of solid stars. The value box contains "U.S. POSTAGE" at top and an indecipherable element at bottom. Below the frank is "ZIP+4 PRESORT". : V/F: {{space|3}} '''.'''00^<u>o</u> </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(VM)-C) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-CM1.jpg|right|730px]] '''ESY-CL1. Pi Electronics (with Hasler) "Zipster Plus"''', 1992. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This is a Type LA1.1 Specimen stamp with slogan "This item Sent By: '''''ZIPSTER''' PLUS'' The World's First, Self-Service Automated Mailing Machine". The stamps actually used in the Zipster Plus kiosks were all of Type LB1.1. : Meter number: H METER 0000000 : V/F: {{space|3}}00'''.'''00 </div> <br><br><br><br> ---- ====<font size=4><font color=#2a3439>Sub-group ESY-D: Essays for digital meters, 1980 to date</font></font>==== <br> ---- <br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(POX-E) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DA1.jpg|right|290px]] '''ESY-DA1. Intermec''', 1980. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Stamp design leading up to PO-B5 series of experimental Post Office stamps. The essay is quite different from the issued stamp being taller and narrower, containing a bar code and the USPS eagle. About the only thing the stamps have in common is that they are printed on self-adhesive labels with a fluorescent red stripe at right. : Identification number: PVI No. 00002 : V/F: {{space|2}} $000'''.'''00 : Only a single example is known to exist. </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A21 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A29A.jpg|right|340px]] [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A29B.jpg|right|345px]] '''ESY-DB1. Pitney Bowes "Meter Strip Imprinter"''', 1984. : Design from experimental Post Office window machine using a heated die pressed through a mylar ribbon onto gummed tape. The technology was demonstrated at a CeBIT computer trade show in Germany in 1984. : At center is a standing eagle facing right with wing over "U.S. POSTAGE / 00'''.'''000 / CITY-STATE" at left. At right are three lines of vertical text reading upward: "23 MAR 84 / P.B. METER000000 / ***SPECIMEN***". :: '''A'''. Impression in bright cherry red (''primary ribbon'') {{space|3}}[RRR] :: '''B'''. Impression in a deep dark red (''alternate ribbon'') {{space|3}}[RRRR] : V/F: {{space|2}} 00'''.'''000 '''NOTE''': Very light impressions are known. They were printed before the die was fully warmed up. [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DB1 NOTE.jpg|left|345px]] </div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DB2(1).jpeg|right|350px]] '''ESY-DB2.1. Pitney Bowes''', 1994. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Prototype stamp design prepared for the digital "Pulsar" meter model. With its "UNITED STATES POSTAGE" arc above the eagle's head the stamp more closely resembles the PostPerfect stamp design (Type NA1) that the Pulsar (NA3). : The stamp has '''SPECIMEN''' above '''MAILED FROM / ZIP CODE 06484''' at right of the eagle's wing. : The bottom line displays the meter number and a code of some sort: '''PB 4567890 7654321 0 56 90'''. : V/F: {{space|2}} $ ≡0'''.'''00≡ </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DB2 actual.jpg|right|350px]] '''ESY-DB2.2. Pitney Bowes''', 1995. {{space|3}}[RRR] : Prototype stamp design prepared for the digital "Pulsar" meter model. The Pulsar was released to the public in 1998 with a different stamp design (Type NA3.1) with the eagle flush with the left edge of the stamp. : Printed in black. : Identification number: PB1234567 : V/F: {{space|2}} $00'''.'''00^o </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(RD) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DB2.jpg|right|460px]] '''ESY-DB3. Pitney Bowes''', 1997. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Early prototype PC postage stamp design taken from a patent drawing. The unedited patent image is shown below. : The stamp is dominated by a large 2D bar code with 1D bar codes appearing both above and below. At right is a rectangle containing the value figures and the identification number. Right of the rectangle are two columns of symbols and a simple frame line. : Identification number: PB 1450 : V/F: {{space|2}} 00'''.'''000 [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DB2 patent.jpg|left|480px]] </div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(RD1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DB3.jpg|right|420px]] '''ESY-DB4.1. Pitney Bowes''', 18 February 1997. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Prototype design leading to the PC-D1/D2 series of stamps. With 2D barcode across the bottom. At top right is a logo showing a short-winged eagle looking right. Stacked left of the eagle are the date, the value figures, "US POSTAGE" and three stars, "MAILED FROM ZIP CODE 06484". : Identification number: 12345678901234 : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]] $ 00'''.'''000 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type '''RD1''' in 2001 edition''</font></font> <div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA PC-E1A.jpg|right|430px]] '''ESY-DB4.2. Pitney Bowes “ClickStamp Plus” ''' (digital), 22 September 1998. {{Spaces|3}}[RRRR] : As ESY-DB4.1 but much larger, 88mm wide. The inscriptions are in a different, heavier font. : "Mailed From Zip Code 06084" is not all capitals. : The system required the mailer to maintain postage credit in a hardware device (''vault'') attached to his computer. : Identification number 022P0002300164 : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]$ ~0'''.'''000 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font> <div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DB4.3 actual.jpg|right|405px]] '''ESY-DB4.3. Pitney Bowes “ClickStamp Plus” ''' (digital), 22 September 1998. {{Spaces|3}}[RRRR] : A ''Specimen'' version of ESY-DB4.2 with solid block in the value figures and "'''Not Valid for Mailing'''" inside the 2D barcode which is not as wide as with ESY-DB4.2. : Identification number 022P0002300164. : V/F: {{space|2}} $<font size=5> ■</font>'''.'''000 </div> <br><br><br> <center><font size=4><font color=green>''In early 2020 verifiably postally used examples were reported of the stamp previously cataloged as '''ESY-DB4.4'''. It appears the system was given a public trial at some point. This makes the stamp valid postage rather than an essay, and it has been recataloged as Type <font color=blue>'''PC-D0'''</font>. The essays previously listed as '''ESY-DB4.5''' through '''ESY-DB4.8''' also needed to be moved since they are not essays but specimens. They are now catalogued as Types <font color=blue>'''SPE-PC-D0.1'''</font> through <font color=blue>'''SPC-PC-D0.4'''</font>.''</font></font> </center> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font> <div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DB4.jpg|right|445px]] '''ESY-DB5. Pitney Bowes "ClickStamp Online"''', 1998. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Prototype design leading up to the PC-D2 series of PC postage stamps. : The essay differs from the issued stamps in having the date above the value figures which is in turn above "US Postage" rather than having "US POSTAGE" (all capitals) at top. The mail class is horizontal below the eagle. On the issued stamps it is left of the eagle reading up. : License number: 024P0007501001 seen : V/F: {{space|2}} $00'''.'''00^o </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font> <div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DB5.jpg|right|530px]] '''ESY-DB6. Pitney Bowes "LPS-1 Label Printer"''', 2004. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Stamp on self-adhesive label from an online system demonstrated at the '''eBay Live''' convention in New Orleans in 2004. It is similar to the PC-D5 series of stamps but does not resemble any of them very closely. : At right is "Pitney Bowes" above a 2D "DataMatrix" bar code with the license number below. At the upper left is a large '''P''' in a square next to "US POSTAGE PAID" above "NO SURCHARGE". Without value figures. The date, origin ZIP code, weight and zone appear left of the 2D bar code. : License number: 024P0007504057 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(RA) in 2001 edition''</font></font> <div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DC2.jpg|right|395px]] '''ESY-DC1. E-Stamp''', 1996. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Early prototype design which includes a circular town mark centered above the 2D bar code. Value figures are at upper right above a very small "U.S. POSTAGE". : This stamp is also known without "SAMPLE" at bottom. "SAMPLE" may be from a hand stamp. : V/F: {{space|2}} <font size=4>≋</font>{{space|2}}'''.'''00^<u>o</u> </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(RA1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DD1.jpg|right|395px]][[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DD2.jpg|right|395px]] '''ESY-DC2. E-Stamp''', 1997. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Prototype design used for publicity purposes during the months before live trials. The essay does not show the E-Stamp negative "'''e''' " logo which is present on all stamps used on actual mail. The value figures are at upper right above the mail class and "US Postage". :: '''A'''. 2D bar code complete :: '''B'''. As '''A''' but with "VOID" centered in the 2D bar code field : V/F: {{space|2}} 00'''.'''000 </div> <br><br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(RB)1 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DC1.jpg|right|385px]] '''ESY-DD1. StampMaster/ Stamps.com''', 1998. {{space|3}}[—] : Prototype design pictured on the StampMaster web site. No actual examples of the stamp are known to exist. : The image has "'''''StampMaster'''''" at top center above the user's address and the license number. Value figures, mail class, and "US POSTAGE" are at upper right. : License number: DEVICE 01234567890123 : V/F: {{space|2}} $0'''.'''00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(RB)2 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DD3.jpg|right|395px]] '''ESY-DD2. Stamps.com''', 1998. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Created shortly after StampMaster changed its name to Stamps.com this essay is similar to Type ESY-DD1 except that the company name is not present. : License number: "DEVICE 061A0000000007" seen. Presumably numbers -0001 through -0006 were created. : V/F: {{space|2}} $0'''.'''00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-A26 in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-A32.jpg|right|430px]] '''ESY-DE1. ascom Hasler''', 1997. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Trial design prepared for a PC postage system that was never implemented. : The stamp is similar to most early PC stamps in that it has text data above a wide 2D bar code. The most distinctive feature is the '''ascom''' eagle logo at upper left. The bar code is taller than what is typical on the early PC stamps. : License number: 12345654321221 : V/F: {{space|2}} $0'''.'''00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DE2.jpg|right|355px]] '''ESY-DE2. ascom Hasler''', 1999. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : This is a design introduced at the CeBIT computer exposition in 1999. It does not resemble any digital stamp issued by Hasler or Neopost-Hasler but may have been a prototype for the stamps cataloged in Sub-group QA. : At top the stamp has the Hasler eagle at left and the date and value figures at right. At bottom is the ID number above "MAILED FROM ZIP CODE 00000". A square "DataMatrix" barcode is at far left. : Identification number: 222 A01 52 CEBIT002 : V/F: {{space|2}} $0'''.'''00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(RC1) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DF1.jpg|right|375px]] '''ESY-DF1. Neopost''', 1998. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Prototype design that evolved into Type PC-B2. The essay differs from the issued stamp in that it has the license number at the top instead of "U.S. POSTAGE". The mail class is below the FIM barcode rather than above the value figures. The value figures also have a different format. : License number: N0004000010099901 : V/F: {{space|2}} <font size=4>~</font> 0'''.'''00 </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type '''RC3''' in 2001 edition''</font></font> <div style="font-size:medium;"> [[File: USA PC-B1.jpg|right|320px]] '''ESY-DF2. Neopost “Postage Plus”™''', 1998. [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]][RRRR] : Another prototype design that evolved into Type PC-B2. This essay has a 'star and stamp corner' ornament at left and a rectangular block at top right containing point-of-sale data in alternating bands with negative "U.S. POSTAGE" in solid panel at top above ID number in clear panel, the value figures in panel with shaded sides, "HAYWARD CA 94544, and "FIRST CLASS" also in a solid panel. : "PDF417" barcode across bottom with date below left. : ID# 043N00000064 : With or without "FIM" barcode at top left above star and stamp corner ornament. : V/F: [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]$0'''.'''00 '''NOTE''': This stamp was previously cataloged as Type PC-B1, but it was never used on live mail. </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Type ESY-B(SA) in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DF2.jpg|right|325px]] '''ESY-DF3. Neopost''', early 2000s. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Prototype design that evolved into the PC-B4 series of stamps. The essay has both the fluorescent red bar and the "NEOPOSTNEOPOST..." microprinting at right. "Mailed From" and "U.S. Postage" are in mixed case letters rather than all capitals as found on the issued stamps. A small Neopost "'''''N''''' " logo is in the lower left corner. : License number: 04N310001316 seen : V/F: {{space|2}} $00'''.'''00^<u>o</u> </div> <br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DG1.jpeg|right|385px]] '''ESY-DG1. Data-Pac''', early 2013. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Prototype design that evolved into the QD series of stamps. Unlike the issued stamps this stamp has a square 2D barcode (with '''VOID''') at left and has "US POSTAGE" above the value figures instead of the barcode. : License number: 082B 2458014 seen : V/F: {{space|2}} ${{space|3}}0'''.'''00^o </div> <br><br> <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font><div style="font-size:medium;">[[File: USA meter stamp ESY-DG2.jpeg|right|450px]] '''ESY-DG2. Data-Pac''', early 2000s. {{space|3}}[RRRR] : Similar to ESY-DG1 but the 2D barcode field is at right rather than left. : License number: 082B 2458014 seen : V/F: {{space|2}} $ 0'''.'''00^o<br><br> </div> <br><br><br> [[File: USA stamp type S2.jpeg|right|300px]] <font size=1><font color=blue>''Unlisted in 2001 edition''</font></font> <div style="font-size:medium;">'''ESY-DH1. Data-Pac "America2" ''' (digital). : Found only in the upper portion of large address labels printed by the meter. : Value figures at upper left, "US POSTAGE" and town line at upper right. : Flag logo and "IBI Lite" barcode below. : V/F seen:[[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|12px]]$0.00 </div> : '''NOTE''': This stamp has not been reported by collectors. The image shown is from Data-Pac's web site. ---- {{BookCat}} 6pv5ujscb2tugh9w513da5z1jhj6w26 0 405171 4634616 4531914 2026-05-07T09:50:10Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634616 wikitext text/x-wiki ==<span style="color:#1F75FE; font-size:x-large">'''Postage Meter Manufacturers operating in the U.S.'''</span>== <br> ---- <div style="font-size:medium;color=#08457E"> {{drop|S}}everal dozen companies have manufactured and or sold postage meters in the U.S. Most did not last long either going out of business or being acquired by larger companies. By the early 2000s only four meter manufacturers, Pitney Bowes, Neopost, Hasler, and Francotyp-Postalia played large roles in the U.S. postage meter market. Several new companies entered the market in the 2000s and 2010s but only one, Data-Pac, was a manufacturer of hardware postage meters, the others providing online (PC) franking services only. : The chart below gives the timeline of companies that produced at least one meter that was used to frank mail in the United States. Beneath the chart are brief descriptions of the companies. </div> <br> ---- <br> {{center/top}}<span style="color:#191970;font-size:x-large">Time line of postage meter companies operating in the U.S.</span>{{center/end}} <br> [[File: Meter company time chart.jpeg|center|800px]] {| |- |style="color:blue"| : 1. Di Brazza, 1897 : 2. Pitney Postal Machine Company, 1902-1912 : 3. American Postage Meter Company, 1912-1920 : 4. Pitney-Bowes Postage Meter Company, 1920-present : 5. Mail-O-Meter Company, 1922-1924 : 6. International Postal Supply, 1922-1959 : 7. Mack Postograph Company, 1922-1928 : 8. Universal Postal Frankers, 1927 : 9. Continental Postage Meter Company, 1928-1931 : 10. Whitlock Metered Mail Company, 1929-1933 : 11. National Cash Register Compan, 1930-1960s : 12. United States Postage Meter Company, 1931-1944 : 13. Multipost Corporation, 1933-1942 |style="color:blue"| : 14. National Postal Meter Company, 1933-1944 : 15. International Business Machines, 1935-1945 : 16. Commercial Controls Corporation, 1944-1959 : 17. Postalia Corporation, 1960-1970 : 18. Friden, 1963-1972 : 19. Anker-Werke (ADS Postalia), 1970-1993 : 20. Singer (FME), early 1970-??? : 21. Design and Development, 1973 : 22. Electronic Communications Inc., 1974-1990s : 23. Alcatel, 1979-1986 : 24. Hasler, 1982-present : 25. Frama (Friden), 1984-1985 |style="color:blue"| : 26. Intermec, 1985-1993 : 27. Neopost, 1986-present : 28. MOS/UNISYS, 1992-2014 : 29. Pi Electronics, 1992-1993 : 30. ASM Services, 1992-1993 : 31. Francotyp-Postalia, 1993-present : 32. E-Stamp, 1998-2001 : 33. Stamps.com, 1999-present : 34. Endicia, 2001-2015 : 35. Data-Pac, 2006-present : 36. EasyPost, 2012-present : 37. Toshiba, 2014-present |} ---- <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>1.</font>{{space|2}} Di Brazza''', Italy, 1897.</font> :: Count Detalmo di Brazza Savorgnan of Rome, Italy received patents on 30 June and 28 July 1896 for a "coin-freed letter posting or stamping machine". Three and perhaps four di Brazza self-service machines were on public trial in New York City for several months during 1897. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Type AA1</font></div> <br> <br><font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>2.</font>{{space|2}} Pitney Postal Machine Company''', Chicago, Illinois, 1902 to 1912.</font> :: Organized by Arthur H. Pitney and Ernest H. Rummler. One machine was trialed during the week of 9 May 1912 at the offices of the National Tribune newspaper. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Type AB1</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>3.</font>{{space|2}} American Postage Meter Company''', Chicago, Illinois, 1912 to 1920. </font> :: Reorganization and name change of '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>2</font></font>'''. Eight meters were trialed in Chicago, Illinois from November 1913 to 28 May 1914. Postal officials liked the machine but were reluctant to approve it due to security concerns. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Type AB2</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>4.</font>{{space|2}} Pitney Bowes Postage Meter Company''', Stamford, Connecticut, 23 April 1920 to present. {{space|2}}Stamford, Connecticut.</font> :: The company was formed from a merger of the American Postage Meter Company '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>3</font></font>''' with Walter Bowes' '''Universal Stamping Machine Company''' at the suggestion of postal authorities. The combined technology allowed for the first postage meter design postal authorities were satisfied with. In its early years the company operated under the name of '''The Postage Meter Company'''. In 1940 the company name was changed to '''Pitney-Bowes''' and later to '''Pitney Bowes''' with no hyphen. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Groups B, F, G and I, Sub-groups CA, DB, DE, DF, NA, QB, PC-D</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>5.</font>{{space|2}} Mail-O-Meter Company''', Detroit, Michigan, 1922 to 1924.</font> :: A manufacturer of coil stamp vending machines, Mail-O-Meter began building postage meters in 1922. The quality was so poor that postal officials encouraged Pitney Bowes '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>4</font></font>''' to buy them out which they did in 1924. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group CB</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>6.</font>{{space|2}} International Postal Supply''', Brooklyn, New York, 1922 to 1959. </font> :: A successful manufacturer of stamp canceling machines International began making postage meters in 1922. They were one of Pitney Bowes's more successful competitors. In 1959 they were acquired by Friden '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>18</font></font>'''. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-groups CD, DC, and DH</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>7.</font>{{space|2}} Mack Postograph Company''', Los Angeles, California, 1922 to 1928.</font> :: A small company founded by inventor Luther Mack, it stayed in business long enough to be acquired by the Continental Postage Meter Company '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>9</font></font>''' in 1928. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group BC</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>8.</font>{{space|2}} Universal Postal Frankers''', England, 1927.</font> :: One machine was imported by Pitney Bowes '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>4</font></font>''' for trials in 1927. Pitney Bowes designed new meter models based on the technology in that machine. Universal Postal Frankers tried earlier on their own to enter the U.S. meter market but without success. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group DA</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>9.</font>{{space|2}} Continental Postage Meter Company''', Los Angeles, California, and New York, New York, 1928 to 1931.</font> :: Successor to Mack Postograph '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>7</font></font>'''. The company was acquired by the Gold Seal Electric Company in 1930 and moved to New York but kept the name "Continental". In 1931 the name was changed to United States Postage Meter Company '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>12</font></font>'''. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group CF</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>10.</font>{{space|2}} Whitlock Metered Mail Company''', Los Angeles, California, 1929 to 1933. </font> :: Acquired by the National Postal Meter Company '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>14</font></font>''' in 1933. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-groups CE and CG</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>11.</font>{{space|2}} National Cash Register Company''', Dayton, Ohio, 1930 to mid-1960s. </font> :: Postage meters were a relatively small sideline of the NCR cash register company. They stopped producing postage meters in the mid-1960s. In 1974 they experimented with a digital postage system through their subsidiary Electronic Communications Inc '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>22</font></font>'''. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Group E, Sub-group PV-B, Types PO-A2 and PO-B1</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>12.</font>{{space|2}} United States Postage Meter Company''', 1931 to 1944. {{space|2}}New York, New York.</font> :: Acquired by the Commercial Controls Corporation '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>16</font></font>''' in 1944. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-groups CH and DG</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>13.</font>{{space|2}} Multipost Corporation''', 1933 to 1942. {{space|2}}Rochester, New York.</font> :: Producing only two postage meters just to prove that they could do it, this stamp affixing machine company sold their small postage meter division to the National Postal Meter Company '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>14</font></font>''' in 1942. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group CJ</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>14.</font>{{space|2}} National Postal Meter Company''', 1933 to 1944. {{space|2}}Rochester, New York.</font> :: The company acquired Whitlock '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>10</font></font>''' in 1933 and moved the operations from Los Angeles to Rochester. They acquired Multipost '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>13</font></font>''' in 1944 and at that time changed the company name to Commercial Controls Corporation '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>16</font></font>'''. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-groups HA and HB, Types PO-A4 and PO-A5</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>15.</font>{{space|2}} International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation''', 1935 to ca. 1945. {{space|2}}Armonk, New York.</font> :: IBM built five machines that were trialed in Post Offices starting in 1935. Nothing developed from of the trials, and the company sold their postage meter operations to the newly formed Commercial Controls Corporation '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>16</font></font>''' in 1945. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Type PO-B1</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>16.</font>{{space|2}} Commercial Controls Corporation''', 1944 to 1959. {{space|2}}Rochester, New York.</font> :: This company was a merger of United States Postage Meter '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>12</font></font>''', Multiost '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>13</font></font>''' and the postage meter operations of IBM '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>15</font></font>'''. It was acquired by Friden '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>18</font></font>''' in 1959. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group HC</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>17.</font>{{space|2}} Postalia Corporation''', 1960 to 1970. {{space|2}}Germany.</font> :: Postalia meters were distributed in the U.S. by the Tele-Norm Corporation. The company was acquired in 1970 by Anker-Werke (ADS Postalia) '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>19</font></font>'''. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Types JA1 and JA2</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>18.</font>{{space|2}} Friden''', 1963 to 1972. {{space|2}}San Leandro, California.</font> :: The company acquired Commercial Controls '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>16</font></font>''' in 1959 and continued to market the meters under the old brand. In 1963 they released new meter models under the Friden brand. The company was acquired by Singer '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>20</font></font>''' in 1972. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-groups KA, KB, plus PO-A12 with "F" prefix</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>19.</font>{{space|2}} Anker-Werke (ADS Postalia)''', 1970 to 1993. {{space|2}}Germany.</font> :: Anker-Werke acquired Postalia '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>17</font></font>''' in 1970 and marketed the machines under the name ADS Postalia. The company was acquired by Francotyp in 1993 and changed its name to Francotyp-Postalia '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>31</font></font>'''. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group JB, Types JA3, JA4</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>20.</font>{{space|2}} Singer (FME)''', early 1970s. {{space|2}}San Leandro, California.</font> :: Singer acquired Friden '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>18</font></font>''' and marketed the meters under the brand FME Singer. The company was changed its name to Friden Alcatel '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>23</font></font>''' in 1979 after other acquisitions. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group KA and KB types with "S" prefix</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>21.</font>{{space|2}} Design and Development (subsidiary of Booz, Allen, Hamilton Corporation)''', 1973. {{space|2}}McLean, Virginia.</font> :: One self-service parcel franking kiosk was trialed for a month in 1973. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Type PV-C</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>22.</font>{{space|2}} Electronic Communications Inc (ECI, a subsidiary of NCR)''', 1974 to the 1990s. {{space|2}}Flushing, New York.</font> :: NCR fielded digital franking system in post offices throughout Flushing New York starting in 1974. Although the machines were not approved for expanded use the postal clerks liked them and continued to use them long after the USPS contract expired. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Types PO-B3.1 and PO-B3.2</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>23.</font>{{space|2}} Alcatel''', 1979 to 1986. {{space|2}}Germany.</font> :: The Alcatel Corporation acquired Singer '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>20</font></font>''' in 1979 and distributed the meters in the US under the name Friden Alcatel. The company was later acquired by Neopost '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>27</font></font>''' in 1986. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-groups KF and KG, Type PO-A14</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>24.</font>{{space|2}} Hasler''', 1982 to present. {{space|2}}Switzerland.</font> :: Hasler of Switzerland entered the U.S. market through distributors LEO Hasler and later ASCOM Hasler. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Group L</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>25.</font>{{space|2}} Frama''', 1984 to 1985. {{space|2}}Switzerland.</font> :: Forty digital machines imported by Alcatel '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>23</font></font>''' were trialed in five post offices for six months between August 1984 and February 1985. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Type PO-B4</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>26.</font>{{space|2}} Intermec (a subsidiary of Honeywell)''', 1985 to 1993. {{space|2}}Everett, Massachusetts.</font> :: Dozens of digital machines were trialed in post offices in nine cities for several years. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>PO-B5</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>27.</font>{{space|2}} Neopost''', 1986 to present. {{space|2}}France.</font> :: Neopost entered the U.S. market by acquiring Alcatel '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>23</font></font>''' in 1986. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Group M, Sub-groups KH, NB, NC, QA</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>28.</font>{{space|2}} MOS Corporation/UNISYS''', 1992 to 2014. {{space|2}}Blue Bell, Virginia.</font> :: MOS/UNISYS provided the franking system used in all U.S. post offices from 1992 to 2014. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>PO-B6</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>29.</font>{{space|2}} Pi Electronics''', 1992 to 1993. {{space|2}}Houston, Texas.</font> :: This small company built self-service shipping services kiosks that included Hasler postage meters. They were installed at several locations in five cities. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group PV-D</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>30.</font>{{space|2}} Automated Shipping Machine (ASM Services)''', 1992 to 1993. {{space|2}}Tampa, Florida.</font> :: This is another small company that built self-service shipping services kiosks that included Hasler postage meters. Only seven kiosks were fielded, mostly in supermarkets. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group PV-E</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>31.</font>{{space|2}} Francotyp-Postalia''', 1993 to present. {{space|2}}Germany.</font> :: In 1993 the large German meter company Francotyp purchased ADS Postalia '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>19</font></font>''' from Anker-Werke. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-groups ND and QC, Type PO-A19</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>32.</font>{{space|2}} E-Stamp''', 1998 to 2001. {{space|2}}Palo Alto, California.</font> :: This was the first internet (PC) stamp company. It was acquired by '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>33</font></font>''' in 2001. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group PC-A</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>33.</font>{{space|2}} Stamps.com''', 1999 to present. {{space|2}}El Segundo, California.</font> :: The company started in 1998 under the name of StampMaster but changed its name after getting US Postal Service approval to sell internet stamps. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group PC-C, Type PO-B10</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>34.</font>{{space|2}} Endicia (Envelope Manager Software)''', 2001 to 2015. {{space|2}}Palo Alto, California.</font> :: Acquired by '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>33</font></font>''' in 2015. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group PC-E</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>35.</font>{{space|2}} Data-Pac''', 2006 to present. {{space|2}}Webster, New York.</font> :: A new entry into the hardware commercial postage meter market. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group QD</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>36.</font>{{space|2}} EasyPost''', 2012 to present. {{space|2}}San Francisco, California.</font> :: A new entry into the online (PC) postage market. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Sub-group PC-F</font></div> <br> <font size=4>'''<font color=#4682B4>37.</font>{{space|2}} Toshiba''', 2014 to present. {{space|2}}Japan.</font> :: Toshiba's digital franking system replaced the MOS/UNISYS '''<font color=#4682B4><font size=4>28</font></font>''' system in post offices throughout the country starting in 2014. <div style="text-align: right; direction: ltr; margin-left: 1em;"><font color=#800000>Types PO-B8, PO-B9 and PO-B11</font></div> <br> ---- <font size=4>In addition to the companies named above several others received patents for postage meters or submitted machines for consideration that were declined by the postal service. They are:</font> <br><br> {| |- |style="font-size:medium;color:black;"| : '''Wolf and Scott''', Springfield, Ohio, 1898 to 1910s : '''Universal Stamping Machine Company''', Stamford, Connecticut, 1918 : '''Automatic Franking Machine Company''', New Zealand, 1921 : '''Universal Postal Frankers''', England, 1923 : '''Ohmer Fare Register Company''', Dayton, Ohio, 1932-1933 : '''Francotyp''', Germany, 1932 : '''HAVAS''', France, 1952 : '''SATAS''', France, 1961-1962 : '''Teresa Hill & Charles Lovercheck''', Erie, Pennsylvania, 1966 : '''Damon Mott Gunn''', Washington, DC, 1971 : '''Bell & Howell''', Durham, North Carolina, 1987 |style="font-size:medium;" : {{space|3}} <font color=#800000>(ESY-AA1 and ESY-AA2)</font> : {{space|3}} <font color=#800000>(ESY-AD1.1 and ESY-AD1.2)</font> : {{space|3}} <font color=#800000>(ESY-BD1)</font> : {{space|3}} <font color=#800000>(ESY-AD1.1 and ESY-AD1.2)</font> : {{space|3}} <font color=#800000>(ESY-BJ1 and ESY-BJ2)</font> : {{space|3}} <font color=#800000>(ESY-BM1 and ESY-BM2)</font> : {{space|3}} <font color=#800000>(ESY-CD1)</font> : {{space|3}} <font color=#800000>(ESY-CF1 and ESY-CF2)</font> : {{space|3}} <font color=#800000>(ESY-CH1)</font> : {{space|3}} <font color=#800000>(ESY-CJ1)</font> : {{space|3}} <font color=#800000>(ESY-CK1)</font> |} <br><br><br> ---- {{BookCat}} m3s8a4z48x29pmzcqsgdz3z2qu1qbe9 0 420326 4634548 4533039 2026-05-07T08:35:32Z CommonsDelinker 49843 Removing [[:c:File:Nintendo_Switch_Pro_Controller.svg|Nintendo_Switch_Pro_Controller.svg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Túrelio|Túrelio]] because: [[:c:COM:L|Copyright violation]]: "This image is an illustration related to a video game, 4634548 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOTOC__ <gallery mode="Packed"> File:Nintendo-Switch-wJoyCons-BlRd-Standing-FL.jpg File:Nintendo-Switch-Console-Docked-wJoyConRB.jpg </gallery> ==History== [[File:Nintendo Switch logo.svg|thumb|The Nintendo Switch logotype.]] ===Development=== [[File:Nintendo Switch Portable.png|thumb|A Nintendo Switch in handheld mode.]] The Nintendo Switch was preceded by both the [[History of video games/Platforms/Wii U|Nintendo Wii U]] and the [[History of video games/Platforms/3DS|Nintendo 3DS]]. Third party developers, including Capcom, persuaded Nintendo to make a console with at least 4 gigabytes of RAM during development.<ref>{{cite news |title=Capcom Asked Nintendo to Increase the Switch's RAM |url=https://gamerant.com/nintendo-switch-capcom-ram/ |access-date=27 July 2021 |work=Game Rant |date=26 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Capcom Asked Nintendo to Increase the Switch's RAM |url=https://gamerant.com/nintendo-switch-capcom-ram/ |access-date=27 July 2021 |work=Game Rant |date=26 March 2017}}</ref> The Nintendo Switch was announced by Satoru Iwata to investors as the NX in March 2015.<ref>{{cite web |title=NX to Now: A History of the Nintendo Switch hype train |url=https://nintendowire.com/news/2018/03/01/nx-now-history-nintendo-switch-hype-train/ |website=Nintendo Wire |accessdate=13 November 2020 |date=1 March 2018}}</ref> A number of false rumors circulated around the console prior to the launch of the system.<ref>{{cite news |title=[Update: Nintendo Says No] Nintendo's Next Console May Be Built On Android |url=https://www.androidpolice.com/2015/06/01/rumor-nintendos-next-console-may-be-built-on-android/ |access-date=28 October 2021 |work=Android Police |date=1 June 2015}}</ref> ===Launch=== [[File:Nintendo Switch event in Paris.jpg|thumb|The Grand Palais des Champs-Élysées in Paris France, being used to promote the Nintendo Switch in 2017.]] The Nintendo Switch was launched in March of 2017.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nintendo Switch Game Metadata and Citation Project Controlled Vocabularies |url=https://gamemetadata.soe.ucsc.edu/platform/1148 |website=gamemetadata.soe.ucsc.edu |accessdate=25 October 2020}}</ref> Following the launch of the Nintendo Switch, Nintendo struggled to maintain stock of the system in multiple regions.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Parkin |first1=Simon |title=Nintendo’s Switch Brings Some Magic Back (Published 2017) |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/29/technology/nintendo-switch.html |website=The New York Times |accessdate=12 November 2020 |date=29 December 2017}}</ref> In 10 months following the launch of the Switch, the system had already outsold the Wii U, and caused Nintendo to experience it's best quarter since 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nintendo Switch overtakes the Wii U |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-42885803 |website=BBC News |accessdate=13 November 2020 |date=31 January 2018}}</ref> === System Life === As a result of the trade war, Nintendo partially diverted some Nintendo Switch production from China to Vietnam in 2019, diversifying it's supply chain.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gilbert |first1=Ben |title=Nintendo is moving production of its hit Nintendo Switch game console to Vietnam amid trade tensions between China and the US |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/nintendo-switch-production-vietnam-china-trump-trade-war-2019-7 |access-date=4 April 2021 |work=Business Insider}}</ref> The Nintendo Switch Lite was launched on September 20th, 2019 for $199, integrating controllers into the console, and removing TV output.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Webster |first1=Andrew |title=Nintendo Switch Lite review: a triumphant return to dedicated handhelds |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/9/19/20873717/nintendo-switch-lite-review-price-specs-features-games-launch-date |website=The Verge |accessdate=15 November 2020 |language=en |date=19 September 2019}}</ref> In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 the Nintendo Switch was widely sold out for a period of several months.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gilbert |first1=Ben |title=Nintendo's Switch remains sold out everywhere as the pandemic stretches on — and there's no end in sight |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/nintendo-switch-still-sold-out-in-mid-summer-2020-7 |website=Business Insider |accessdate=15 November 2020}}</ref> High demand was confounded by limited supply, as computer chip shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021 constrained production of the new Nintendo Switch units.<ref>{{cite news |title=Chip Shortage Spirals Beyond Cars to Phones and Consoles |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-05/chip-shortage-spirals-beyond-cars-to-phones-and-game-consoles |access-date=4 March 2021 |work=Bloomberg.com |date=5 February 2021 |language=en}}</ref> As a result, in combination with with other factors such as increased competition, earnings during this time for Nintendo were only slightly up.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pandemic Fatigue Shows Up in Nintendo’s Numbers |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-02-01/nintendo-earnings-switch-numbers-show-that-pandemic-fatigue-is-here |access-date=4 March 2021 |work=Bloomberg.com |date=1 February 2021 |language=en}}</ref> On July 6th, 2021 a new model of Nintendo Switch was announced featuring improved hardware specifications.<ref>{{cite news |last1=McWhertor |first1=Michael |title=Nintendo announces new Nintendo Switch model with 7-inch OLED screen |url=https://www.polygon.com/22166494/nintendo-switch-pro-4k-release-date-price-specs |access-date=6 July 2021 |work=Polygon |date=6 July 2021 |language=en}}</ref> In late 2021 the chip shortage began to seriously impact Switch production, with a 20% production reduction caused by the shortage.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nintendo Slashes Switch Production In Face Of Chip Shortage |url=https://kotaku.com/nintendo-slashes-switch-production-in-face-of-chip-shor-1847982538 |access-date=3 November 2021 |work=Kotaku |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nintendo Switch Production Is Reportedly Suffering Due To Chip Shortage |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2021/11/nintendo-switch-production-is-reportedly-suffering-due-to-chip-shortage |access-date=3 November 2021 |work=Nintendo Life |date=2 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Roth |first1=Emma |title=Nintendo is reportedly making 20 percent fewer Switches due to the chip shortage |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/11/2/22759377/nintendo-making-20-percent-fewer-switches-chip-shortage |access-date=3 November 2021 |work=The Verge |date=2 November 2021 |language=en}}</ref> ==Technology== ===Compute=== The Switch uses a SOC based on the NVIDIA Tegra X1.<ref name="iFixit Switch Lite"/><ref name="Switch Eurogamer Specs"/> The Switch has four 64-bit ARM Cortex A57 architecture cores clocked at 1020 megahertz (~One Gigahertz).<ref name="Guru3d Switch specs"/><ref name="Switch Eurogamer Specs"/> The Switch also has an additional four low power ARM Cortex A53 architecture cores, which are said by some to be used by the SOC automatically for low power tasks and are not exposed to the switch operating system.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nintendo Switch Lite Tegra X1 T210B01 vs T210 |url=https://www.justandroid.net/2019/08/28/nintendo-switch-lite-tegra-x1-t210b01-vs-t210/ |website=Just Android |accessdate=15 November 2020 |date=28 August 2019}}</ref><ref name="PCMAG Switch Processor">{{cite web |title=Nintendo Switch Uses a Standard Tegra X1 Processor |url=https://www.pcmag.com/news/nintendo-switch-uses-a-standard-tegra-x1-processor |website=PCMAG |accessdate=15 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref> Others claim these cores are totally unused.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Liu |first1=Zhiye |title=Nintendo Switch 2 Rumored to Leverage Nvidia Ampere GPU and DLSS |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/nintendo-switch-2-rumored-to-leverage-nvidia-ampere-gpu-and-dlss |access-date=27 December 2023 |work=Tom's Hardware |date=12 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref> The Switch GPU is an NVIDIA Maxwell Architecture GM20B and has 256 CUDA cores.<ref name="Switch Eurogamer Specs">{{cite web |last1=Leadbetter |first1=Richard |title=Nintendo Switch CPU and GPU clock speeds revealed |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/digitalfoundry-2016-nintendo-switch-spec-analysis |website=Eurogamer |accessdate=15 November 2020 |language=en |date=19 December 2016}}</ref> The GPU is clocked at either 307.2 megahertz when either docked or undocked, or up to 769 megahertz when docked.<ref name="Switch Eurogamer Specs"/><ref name="PCMAG Switch Processor"/> The GPU has 16 texture units and 16 ROPs.<ref name="Guru3d Switch specs">{{cite web |last1=Hagedoorn |first1=Hilbert |title=Nintendo Switch Houses a Nvidia Tegra X1-SoC |url=https://www.guru3d.com/news-story/nintendo-switch-houses-a-nvidia-tegra-x1-soc.html |website=Guru3D.com |accessdate=15 November 2020 |language=en-us}}</ref> The Switch has four gigabytes of RAM.<ref name="iFixit Switch Lite"/><ref name="Switch Eurogamer Specs"/> The memory controller governing the RAM on the Switch typically operates at 1600 megahertz when docked, and 1331 megahertz in portable mode, though developers can opt for higher clock rates in portable mode if needed.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Palumbo |first1=Alessio |title=Overclocked Nintendo Switch Tested by Digital Foundry - Tegra X1 Gets Significant Performance Boost |url=https://wccftech.com/overclocked-nintendo-switch-tested-by-digital-foundry-tegra-x1-gets-significant-performance-boost/ |access-date=4 March 2021 |work=Wccftech |date=13 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Leadbetter |first1=Richard |title=Nintendo Switch CPU and GPU clock speeds revealed |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/digitalfoundry-2016-nintendo-switch-spec-analysis |access-date=4 March 2021 |work=Eurogamer |date=19 December 2016 |language=en}}</ref> The Development kits differ from standard models here, as earlier dev kits featured 6 gigabytes of RAM and starting with the 2021 ADEV kit offered 8 gigabytes of RAM.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Leadbetter |first1=Richard |title=Spec analysis: Switch OLED model - new display, old tech |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/digitalfoundry-2021-spec-analysis-switch-oled-model-new-display-old-tech |access-date=27 July 2021 |work=Eurogamer |date=7 July 2021 |language=en}}</ref> The Nintendo Switch is often compared to the Wii U in terms of computational power. Though on paper the switch and the Wii U appear comparable due to similar major specs, architectural differences between the two tend to give the Switch an advantage in general computational performance over it's less portable predecessor. ===Console Hardware=== [[File:Innenleben der Nintendo Switch 20230405 HOF09139 RAW-Export.png|thumb|Internals of a Nintendo Switch]] The Nintendo Switch is fairly durable, with the main unit able to survive significant falls, albeit with damage.<ref>{{cite web |title=Watch a Nintendo Switch Survive a Fall From 1,000 Feet |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/paye9m/watch-a-nintendo-switch-survive-a-fall-from-1000-feet |website=www.vice.com |access-date=28 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref> The Switch shipped with 32GB of onboard NAND storage.<ref name="screen2017"/><ref name="answers"/> This was enough for about 2-4 major games, or about a dozen or so small games. The Switch has a microSD card slot which supports cards up to 2TB in size through the SDXC standard.<ref name="answers"/> ====Display==== The original model Switch has a 1280 by 720 resolution 6.2 inch capacitive multitouch IPS LCD.<ref name="screen2017">{{cite news |last1=Sarkar |first1=Samit |title=Nintendo Switch has 32 GB storage, 720p touchscreen (update) |url=https://www.polygon.com/2017/1/13/14255984/nintendo-switch-hardware-specifications-screen-resolution |accessdate=20 October 2020 |work=Polygon |date=13 January 2017 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="TechSpecs"/><ref name="Switch Eurogamer Specs"/> The Switch lite has a 1280 by 720 resolution 5.5 inch capacitive multitouch LCD.<ref name="iFixit Switch Lite">{{cite web |title=Nintendo Switch Lite Teardown |url=https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/Nintendo+Switch+Lite+Teardown/126223 |website=iFixit |accessdate=29 October 2020 |language=en |date=24 September 2019}}</ref> A ST Microcontroller is used to handle touchscreen input.<ref>{{cite web |title=Press Release |url=https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/about/media-center/press-item.html/t3934.html |website=STMicroelectronics |access-date=11 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref> The home button on the right JoyCon also contains a notification LED, but it went unused until the release of firmware version 9.0 in late 2019.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Life |first1=Nintendo |title=That Hidden LED Light On Your Nintendo Switch Controller Finally Has A Use |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2019/09/that_hidden_led_light_on_your_nintendo_switch_controller_finally_has_a_use |website=Nintendo Life |accessdate=16 November 2020 |date=10 September 2019}}</ref> ====Sensors==== The system includes an accelerometer and gyroscope.<ref name="TechSpecs"/> An ambient light sensor is used to automatically control screen brightness.<ref name="screen2017"/> Unlike the 3DS which did have a built in microphone,<ref>{{cite web |title=Microphone not responding |url=https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Support/Nintendo-3DS-2DS/Troubleshooting/System/Microphone-not-responding/Microphone-not-responding-243823.html |website=Nintendo of Europe GmbH |access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref> the Nintendo Switch lacks a built in microphone, but can use a microphone built into a wired headset, a USB microphone, or a smartphone app for voice chat purposes.<ref>{{cite web |title=3 Best Methods for Using a Mic and Voice Chat on Nintendo Switch |url=https://www.lifewire.com/how-to-setup-nintendo-switch-microphone-4692846 |website=Lifewire |access-date=11 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Vicente |first1=Vann |title=How to Voice Chat in Nintendo Switch Games |url=https://www.howtogeek.com/447019/how-to-voice-chat-in-nintendo-switch-games/ |website=How-To Geek |access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref> Game support for microphones is limited.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Faulkner |first1=Cameron |title=These games support voice chat on the Nintendo Switch |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/8/30/20833244/nintendo-switch-voice-chat-headphones-games-app |website=The Verge |access-date=11 December 2020 |language=en |date=30 August 2019}}</ref> ====Battery==== [[File:Nintendo-Switch-AC-Adapter.jpg|thumb|upright=1|The Nintendo Switch AC Adapter, featuring USB Type-C output.]] The Switch shipped with a 4,310mAh Lithium-ion battery, taking three hours to charge while sleeping.<ref name="screen2017"/><ref name="TechSpecs"/> The original model of the system, HAC-001, lasted 2.5 hours to 6.5 hours and an increased efficiency revision in mid-August 2019, HAC-001(-01), increased runtime to be 4.5 to 9 hours.<ref name="TechSpecs"/> The device charges through a USB type C port.<ref name="screen2017"/><ref name="TechSpecs">{{cite web |title=Technical Specs - Nintendo Switch™ Official Site - System hardware, console specs |url=https://www.nintendo.com/switch/tech-specs/ |website=www.nintendo.com |accessdate=20 October 2020}}</ref> The Switch battery can become permanently unusable if left uncharged for periods of more than six months.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nintendo Reminds Switch Owners to Charge the Console at Least Once Every Six Months |url=https://www.siliconera.com/nintendo-reminds-switch-owners-to-charge-the-console-at-least-once-every-six-months/ |access-date=28 February 2021 |work=Siliconera |date=29 September 2020}}</ref> ====Networking==== The Nintendo Switch supports dual band 2.4 gigahertz and 5 gigahertz Wi-Fi supporting b, g, n, and ac standards, as well as Bluetooth 4.1.<ref name="iFixit original switch">{{cite web |title=Nintendo Switch Teardown |url=https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/Nintendo+Switch+Teardown/78263 |website=iFixit |access-date=11 December 2020 |language=en |date=3 March 2017}}</ref><ref name="Nintendo Wireless support">{{cite web |title=Nintendo Support: Compatible Wireless Modes and Wireless Security Types |url=https://en-americas-support.nintendo.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/498/~/compatible-wireless-modes-and-wireless-security-types |website=en-americas-support.nintendo.com |accessdate=8 November 2020}}</ref> Supported Wi-Fi encryption protocols include WEP and AES based WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK.<ref name="Nintendo Wireless support"/> A number of college campuses encountered difficulty with the Switch on their wireless networks, requiring special steps to access their wireless networks.<ref>{{cite web |title=What wireless network should I use for my device? - Articles - C&IT Knowledge Base - Wayne State University |url=https://tech.wayne.edu/kb/internet-networks/wired-wireless-networks/843 |website=tech.wayne.edu |access-date=7 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=New Secure Wi-Fi Network Available for Game Consoles, Printers and More |url=https://it.osu.edu/news/2020/09/14/new-secure-wi-fi-network-available-game-consoles-printers-and-more |website=IT@OSU |access-date=7 December 2020 |language=en |date=14 September 2020}}</ref> The Switch allows USB ethernet adapters to be used when docked or with a specific accessory for the Switch Lite.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nintendo Support: How to Install a LAN Adapter to Nintendo Switch |url=https://en-americas-support.nintendo.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/22544/~/how-to-install-a-lan-adapter-to-nintendo-switch |website=en-americas-support.nintendo.com |access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref> ====Other hardware==== The Switch Dock and charging grip both have an STM32 microcontroller.<ref name="Switch STM Microcontrollers"/> The Switch Dock also features 2.5 megabytes of flash storage, a USB 3.0 hub, and a MyDP/Mobility Displayport to HDMI converter.<ref name="iFixit original switch"/> The Switch dock uses slightly modified version of industry standard protocols, often leading to issues with 3rd party docks which typically implement the same standards without Nintendo's deviations, or when they fail to correctly match said deviations.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Salter |first1=Jim |title=Here’s why Nintendo Switch consoles keep frying |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/08/heres-why-nintendo-switch-consoles-keep-frying/ |access-date=2 March 2021 |work=Ars Technica |date=3 August 2019 |language=en-us}}</ref> The Switch can use a USB keyboard and mouse.<ref>{{cite web |title=Play Games With a Keyboard and Mouse on Nintendo Switch |url=https://www.lifewire.com/use-keyboard-and-mouse-with-nintendo-switch-4773699 |website=Lifewire |access-date=11 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref> ===Controllers=== ====JoyCons==== The Joycons have an enhanced rumble feature called HD rumble, though this feature is absent from the integrated controls in the Switch Lite.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kuchera |first1=Ben |title=How the Nintendo Switch's HD rumble makes Tumbleseed feel real |url=https://www.polygon.com/2017/5/1/15499328/tumbleseed-hd-rumble-nintendo-switch |access-date=27 December 2020 |work=Polygon |date=1 May 2017 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Life |first1=Nintendo |title=Super Mario Odyssey Has A Workaround For Switch Lite's Lack Of Rumble |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2019/09/super_mario_odyssey_has_a_workaround_for_switch_lites_lack_of_rumble |access-date=27 December 2020 |work=Nintendo Life |date=24 September 2019}}</ref> The Switch right JoyCon features an NFC radio, which is handled by the same STM32 microcontroller which handles the IR camera.<ref name="Switch STM Microcontrollers"/> The right JoyCon contains an Infrared camera based on a CMOS sensor with a 5 micrometer pixel pitch.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Totilo |first1=Stephen |title=The Switch Joy-Con’s Infrared Sensor Is Cooler Than We Thought |url=https://kotaku.com/the-switch-joy-con-s-infrared-sensor-is-cooler-than-we-1822669059 |accessdate=20 October 2020 |work=Kotaku |date=February 2nd, 2018 |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Nintendo Switch Teardown |url=https://www.techinsights.com/blog/nintendo-switch-teardown |website=www.techinsights.com |access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref> Four IR LEDs are used for illumination.<ref name="iFixit original switch"/> The near inferred camera is capable of taking photos with a resolution of 240 by 320 pixels.<ref>{{cite web |title=[Tool] Joy-Con Toolkit |url=https://gbatemp.net/threads/tool-joy-con-toolkit.478560/page-37 |website=GBAtemp.net - The Independent Video Game Community |access-date=14 December 2020}}</ref> An STM32 microcontroller built into the JoyCon handles the IR Camera.<ref name="Switch STM Microcontrollers">{{cite web |title=Nintendo Switch uses MEMS, MCU and NFC IC from ST |url=http://www.eeherald.com/section/news/owns201703270001st.html |website=www.eeherald.com |access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref> The IR Camera was used extensively with Nintendo Labo.<ref>{{cite web |title=Developer Interview - Nintendo Labo Official Site |url=https://labo.nintendo.com/developer-interview-part-2/what-can-you-do-with-the-ir-motion-camera/ |website=labo.nintendo.com |access-date=11 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref> ====Nintendo Switch Pro Controller==== The ProThe Nintendo Switch Pro controller is a more traditional style controller released for the Switch. The controller contains vibration motors, NFC, and wireless connection support,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Griffith |first1=Brendan |title=Nintendo Switch Pro Controller review: a great controller that shames the Joy-Cons |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/nintendo-switch-pro-controller-review/ |access-date=12 December 2020 |work=gamesradar |date=March 1st, 2020 |language=en}}</ref> though it lacks the IR camera of the JoyCons, and must charge over a cable instead of slotting into the console. An easter egg containing the message "THX2 ALLGAMEFANZ" (Thanks to all game fans) is printed on the PCB of the pro controller.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sheridan |first1=Connor |title=The Nintendo Switch Pro Controller has an Easter egg message, here's how to see it |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/the-nintendo-switch-pro-controller-has-an-easter-egg-message-heres-how-to-see-it/ |access-date=28 December 2020 |work=gamesradar |date=March 06 2017 |language=en}}</ref> ====Poke Ball Plus==== The Poke Ball Plus was released on November 18th, 2018 as a special controller for use with the Nintendo Switch Pokemon games and Pokemon Go.<ref name="pokeballplus official">{{cite web |title=Poké Ball™ Plus |url=https://pokeballplus.nintendo.com/ |website=pokeballplus.nintendo.com |access-date=12 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref> The controller is shaped like a ball and contains a control stick, speaker, accelerometer, gyroscope, vibration motor, and LED.<ref name="pokeballplus official"/> Designed to be used with a throwing motion, the controller created issues for dog owners, and many dogs were confused by nearby humans using the controller.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hernandez |first1=Patricia |title=The Pokémon: Let’s Go Poké Ball controller is psyching out dogs |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/20/18104701/pokemon-lets-go-nintendo-switch-pokeball-controller-dogs |website=The Verge |access-date=12 December 2020 |language=en |date=20 November 2018}}</ref> The Poke Ball Plus has a non-removable lithium ion battery rated at 220mAh and charges over USB type C.<ref name="pokeballplus official"/> The Poke Ball Plus is shipped with data for the Pokemon Mew.<ref name="pokeballplus official"/> Prior to this, Mew had only been officially obtainable in games by attending special events,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Radulovic |first1=Petrana |title=The Poké Ball Plus will come with a free Mew |url=https://www.polygon.com/e3/2018/6/12/17452990/pokemon-lets-go-poke-ball-plus-mythical-mew |access-date=28 December 2020 |work=Polygon |date=12 June 2018 |language=en}}</ref> or by trading with a player who had. ====Mario Kart Live==== The Mario Kart Live prototype used a Raspberry Pi W as it's onboard computer.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pounder |first1=Les |title=Raspberry Pi Zero W Powers Mario Kart Live Prototype |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/raspberry-pi-zero-w-powers-mario-kart-live-prototype |access-date=4 April 2021 |work=Tom's Hardware |date=October 02, 2020 |language=en}}</ref> ===Software=== ====Game Media==== [[File:Nintendo-Switch-Cartridge.jpg|thumb|Nintendo Switch Game Card, with the front sporting space for a label, and the back featuring contacts.]] Nintendo Switch Game cards are read only, with save data residing on the system's internal storage.<ref name="answers"/> Macronix XtraROM flash memory is used in the game cards for storage.<ref>{{cite news |title=Game Cartridges And The Technology To Make Data Last Forever |url=https://hackaday.com/2020/12/03/game-cartridges-and-the-technology-to-make-data-last-forever/ |access-date=9 February 2021 |work=Hackaday |date=3 December 2020}}</ref> Game cards are coated with denatonium benzoate, a non toxic potent bitterant, to reduce the chance of being accidentally swallowed.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nintendo admits it has made Switch cartridges taste unbearably bitter |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/mar/02/nintendo-switch-game-cartridges-taste-bitter |website=the Guardian |accessdate=20 October 2020 |language=en |date=2 March 2017}}</ref> Both of these features make accidentally damaging cartridges or harming the user through improper use more difficult. Games for the Nintendo Switch are not region locked.<ref name="answers"/> This allows a Switch to play games released in other countries. Some games released for the Switch, such as Resident Evil 7, were streamed from an online server and did not actually run on the Switch hardware.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Byford |first1=Sam |title=Capcom is bringing Resident Evil 7 to Switch... by streaming it |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/20/17374914/resident-evil-7-switch-cloud-version-release |website=The Verge |accessdate=20 October 2020 |language=en |date=20 May 2018}}</ref> This allowed the Switch to play games with much higher fidelity then possible on the base hardware, though at the cost of requiring a constant, good internet connection. This also presents a preservation issue, as these games are not actually rendered on hardware, and rely on external services which will eventually be shut down. ====System Applications==== A browsable E-Shop was included on the console.<ref name="interviewkimishima"/> A Miimaker was also included, but was deemphasized.<ref name="interviewkimishima"/> A user accessible internet browser was not shipped with the system.<ref name="interviewkimishima"/> No games were bundled with the operating system, unlike the 3DS.<ref name="answers"/> ====Operating System==== Most operating system updates required user interaction and a reboot, however some firmware updates were able to be installed silently, without requiring user interaction or a reboot.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Doolan |first1=Liam |title=Nintendo Releases Update For Switch (Version 14.1.2), Here Are The Details |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2022/06/nintendo-releases-update-for-switch-version-14-1-2-here-are-the-details |access-date=28 June 2022 |work=Nintendo Life |date=28 June 2022}}</ref> ====Nintendo Switch Online==== Nintendo Switch Online is the online service for the Switch. Instead of using dedicated servers, multiplayer on the switch is conducted over peer to peer connections.<ref>{{cite news |last1=St Leger |first1=Henry |title=Nintendo Switch Online membership: what you need to know |url=https://www.techradar.com/news/nintendo-switch-online-release-date-features-and-online-multiplayer |access-date=21 December 2020 |work=TechRadar |date=July 09, 2020 |language=en}}</ref> ====Backwards Compatibility==== The Switch did not have backward compatibility with previous systems.<ref name="interviewkimishima">{{cite news |last1=Peckham |first1=Matt |title=19 Things Nintendo's President Told Us About the Switch |url=https://time.com/4662446/nintendo-president-switch-interview/ |accessdate=20 October 2020 |work=Time |date=February 7th, 2017}}</ref><ref name="answers">{{cite news |last1=Schreier |first1=Jason |title=Nintendo Answers (And Avoids) Our Switch Questions |url=https://kotaku.com/nintendo-answers-and-avoids-our-switch-questions-1791402953 |accessdate=20 October 2020 |work=Kotaku |date=January 19th, 2017 |language=en-us}}</ref> The Virtual Console did not return on the Nintendo Switch.<ref>{{cite news |last1=McWhertor |first1=Michael |title=Nintendo Switch isn’t getting a Virtual Console |url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/8/17330574/nintendo-switch-virtual-console |accessdate=20 October 2020 |work=Polygon |date=8 May 2018 |language=en}}</ref> A lack of a virtual console was a common point of frustration among Switch owners,<ref>{{cite news |title=Nintendo Switch needs classic Game Boy, Gamecube, N64, Wii, and DS games |url=https://www.imore.com/nintendo-switch-virtual-console |access-date=24 April 2021 |work=iMore |date=24 February 2021}}</ref> and lead some to continue to keep using their Wii U consoles well into 2021.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Life |first1=Nintendo |title=Talking Point: Is It Worth Buying A Nintendo Wii U In 2021? |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2021/04/talking_point_is_it_worth_buying_a_nintendo_wii_u_in_2021 |access-date=24 April 2021 |work=Nintendo Life |date=23 April 2021}}</ref> ==== Accessibility ==== The console was criticized for it's lack of accessibility, though this was slightly improved in software with time.<ref>{{cite news |title=Steven Spohn On Strides In Accessibility For Gaming, And Nintendo's Room For Improvement |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/features/steven-spohn-on-strides-in-accessibility-for-gaming-and-nintendos-room-for-improvement |access-date=11 October 2021 |work=Nintendo Life |date=10 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=For physically disabled gamers, the Switch is incredibly accessible. Here’s why. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/2020/04/21/accessibility-gaming-nintendo-switch/ |access-date=11 October 2021 |work=Washington Post}}</ref> Some third parties would also attempt to address accessibility concerns on the system, though these approaches were hardware based.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hori Releases Accessibility Controller For The Nintendo Switch |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2020/11/hori_releases_accessibility_controller_for_the_nintendo_switch |access-date=11 October 2021 |work=Nintendo Life |date=6 November 2020}}</ref> ====Removal of Manuals==== Unlike the Wii U and 3DS, which primarily offered digital manuals, most Nintendo Switch games lacked either a physical or a digital manual.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Totilo |first1=Stephen |title=Even Nintendo Seems To Be Abandoning Game Instruction Manuals |url=https://kotaku.com/even-nintendo-seems-to-be-abandoning-game-instruction-m-1793260316 |accessdate=20 October 2020 |work=Kotaku |date=March 14th, 2017 |language=en-us}}</ref> This occasionally caused issues, such as when the Nintendo Switch Online service added StarTropics, which requires a manual to beat.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Craddock |first1=Ryan |title=Nintendo Forgot That You Can't Complete StarTropics Without The Original NES Manual |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2019/03/nintendo_forgot_that_you_cant_complete_startropics_without_the_original_nes_manual |accessdate=20 October 2020 |work=Nintendo Life |date=18 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Phillips |first1=Tom |title=Nintendo Switch version of Startropics impossible to complete without secret code |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-03-18-nintendo-switch-version-of-startropics-impossible-to-complete-without-secret-code |accessdate=20 October 2020 |work=Eurogamer |date=18 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Some publishers did include manuals with their physical games.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nicalis is making me want to buy physical Nintendo Switch games |url=https://apptrigger.com/2018/02/14/nicalis-physical-nintendo-switch-games/ |access-date=6 February 2022 |work=App Trigger |date=14 February 2018}}</ref> Some gamers took matters into their own hands and produced their own unofficial game manuals for games which did not ship with them.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nintendo Switch Fan Creates Little Manuals For Popular Nintendo Games |url=https://nintendosoup.com/nintendo-switch-fan-creates-little-manuals-for-popular-nintendo-games/ |access-date=6 February 2022 |work=NintendoSoup |date=2 May 2020}}</ref> ====Social Features==== Social features like voice chat were moved to a companion app for smart devices.<ref name="interviewkimishima"/> The Switch did not support Nintendo's social media platform Miiverse, which was discontinued in late 2017.<ref name="Miiverse">{{cite news |last1=Good |first1=Owen |title=Miiverse draws to an end with a very sweet thank-you mosaic |url=https://www.polygon.com/nintendo/2017/11/8/16625302/miiverse-shuts-down-goodbye-image |accessdate=20 October 2020 |work=Polygon |date=November 8th, 2017 |language=en}}</ref> Instead the Switch supported linking to other Social Media services for sharing content.<ref name="Miiverse"/> ===Third-Party Hardware=== * Hot Wheels Switch Backpack<ref>https://theawesomer.com/the-mattel-hot-wheels-portable-nintendo-switch-dock-backpack-jr/667983/</ref> * Clock<ref>https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2021/10/limited-run-games-almost-released-a-physical-clock-for-nintendo-switch-seriously</ref> ==Notable Games== ===2017=== [[File:スイッチ用アクセサリー (35328121960).jpg|thumb|Nintendo Switch accessories being sold in Akihabara in 2017.]] * [[w:Mario_Kart_8#Mario_Kart_8_Deluxe|Mario Kart 8 Deluxe]] * [[w:Arms (video game)|Arms]] * [[w:Mario + Rabbids Kingdom Battle|Mario + Rabbids Kingdom Battle]] * [[w:Golf Story|Golf Story]] * [[w:1-2-Switch|1-2-Switch]] * [[w:Xenoblade Chronicles 2|Xenoblade Chronicles 2]] * [[w:Pokkén Tournament|Pokkén Tournament DX]] * [[w:The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim|The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim]] ====Breath of the Wild==== Breath of the Wild is widely regarded as a mold breaking open world experience. The cooking system in breath of the wild is hailed as a better representation of cooking then most games at the time provided.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ho |first1=Soleil |title=The Soft Sexism of Food in Video Games |url=https://www.eater.com/pop-culture/2019/10/25/20917488/food-in-video-games-pac-man-history-women-on-food-soleil-ho-book-excerpt |access-date=23 January 2021 |work=Eater |date=25 October 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Read more about [[w:The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild|The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild]] on Wikipedia. ====Super Mario Odyssey==== [[File:Super Mario Odyssey - The Story of Yoshiaki Koizumi.webm|thumb|right|A short documentary on Yoshiaki Koizumi and the creation of Super Mario Odyssey by YouTube channel [https://www.youtube.com/c/VideoGameStoryTime/about ''Video Game Story Time''].]] Commonly considered to be among the hallmark games for the system. This 3D platformer was noted for achieving some of the highest aggregate review scores of all time on release.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Calvert |first1=Darren |title=Super Mario Odyssey Is The Best Rated Game Of All Time |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2017/10/super_mario_odyssey_is_the_best_rated_game_of_all_time |access-date=27 December 2023 |work=Nintendo Life |date=27 October 2017}}</ref> Read more about [[w:Super Mario Odyssey|''Super Mario Odyssey'']] on Wikipedia. ====Splatoon 2==== ''Splatoon 2'' was a popular continuation of the ''Splatoon'' series, sporting innovative shooter mechanics focused on map control and movement options.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Machkovech |first1=Sam |title=Splatoon 2 redeems the most clever online shooter series in years |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2017/07/splatoon-2-review-greatness-hides-behind-a-familiar-coat-of-paint/ |access-date=24 April 2021 |work=Ars Technica |date=18 July 2017 |language=en-us}}</ref> The game featured integration with Miiverse,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hall |first1=Charlie |title=Splatoon 2 has a little bit of Miiverse built in |url=https://www.polygon.com/2017/7/6/15928350/splatoon-2-miiverse-drawing |access-date=24 April 2021 |work=Polygon |date=6 July 2017 |language=en}}</ref> which was later spun off into its own communication functions after Miiverse proper ceased operation.<ref>{{cite news |last1=McCarthy |first1=Caty |title=The Wii U's Wild Miiverse Lives on in Splatoon 2's Fresh Ecosystem |url=https://www.usgamer.net/articles/wii-u-miiverse-splatoon-2-ecosystem-fan-art-memes |access-date=24 April 2021 |work=USgamer |date=24 July 2017 |language=en}}</ref> Many gamers used this feature to promote a variety of causes in Inkopolis Square regarding topics outside of the game, ranging from bringing Black Lives Matter demonstrations,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cryer |first1=Hirun |title=Animal Crossing and Splatoon 2 Players Unite for Virtual Black Lives Matter Protests |url=https://www.usgamer.net/articles/animal-crossing-splatoon-2-virtual-black-lives-matter-protests |access-date=24 April 2021 |work=USgamer |date=1 June 2020 |language=en}}</ref> messages regarding the LGBTQ community,<ref>{{cite news |title=Splatoon 2's Lobby Fills With LGBT Pride In Response To A Few Jerks |url=https://kotaku.com/splatoon-2s-lobby-fills-with-lgbt-pride-in-response-to-1798186002 |access-date=25 April 2021 |work=Kotaku |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Joho |first1=Jess |title='Splatoon 2' players drown out haters with a flood of LGBT pride |url=https://mashable.com/2017/08/22/splatoon-2-trans-lgbt-posts/ |access-date=25 April 2021 |work=Mashable |language=en}}</ref> and demanding the release of ''Knack 2'' for the [[History of video games/Platforms/PlayStation 4|PlayStation 4]].<ref>{{cite news |title='Splatoon 2' Fans Can't Stop Talking About One Thing: 'Knack 2' |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/8xajgx/splatoon-2-fans-cant-stop-talking-about-one-thing-knack-2 |access-date=24 April 2021 |work=www.vice.com |language=en}}</ref> An unutilized function to check if the operating system was Windows 98 was included in the Splatoon 2 multiplayer software.<ref>{{cite news |title=10 Mistakes That Still Haunt Nintendo |url=https://www.cbr.com/mistakes-still-haunt-nintendo/ |access-date=24 January 2022 |work=CBR |date=21 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nintendo Is "Replacing Its Multiplayer Server System" Dating Back To The Wii U And 3DS Era |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2021/02/nintendo_is_replacing_its_multiplayer_server_system_dating_back_to_the_wii_u_and_3ds_era |work=Nintendo Life |date=2 February 2021}}</ref> Read more about [[w:Splatoon 2|''Splatoon 2'']] on Wikipedia. ===2018=== * [[w:Super Smash Bros. Ultimate|Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]] * [[w:Pokémon: Let's Go, Pikachu! and Let's Go, Eevee!|Pokémon: Let's Go, Pikachu! and Let's Go, Eevee!]] * [[w:Super Mario Party|Super Mario Party]] * [[w:Mario Tennis Aces|Mario Tennis Aces]] * [[w:Kirby Star Allies|Kirby Star Allies]] * [[w:Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze|Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze]] * [[w:Octopath Traveler|Octopath Traveler]] * [[w:Xenoblade Chronicles 2: Torna – The Golden Country|Xenoblade Chronicles 2: Torna – The Golden Country]] * [[w:Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker|Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker]] * [[w:Fitness Boxing|Fitness Boxing]] ====Nintendo Labo==== Nintendo Labo was promoted on the ''Tonight Show'' with notable musicians performing a song using Labo instruments.<ref>{{cite news |last2=Legaspi |first2=Althea |title=See Ariana Grande, the Roots Perform With Nintendo Labo Instruments |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/see-ariana-grande-the-roots-perform-with-nintendo-labo-instruments-630323/ |access-date=29 January 2021 |work=Rolling Stone |date=15 May 2018}}</ref> Read more about [[w:Nintendo Labo|Nintendo Labo]] on Wikipedia. ====Firewatch==== The switch port of Firewatch included a hidden mini-game.<ref>{{cite news |title=There's Been An N64 Mini-Game Hidden Inside The Switch Version Of Firewatch All This Time |url=https://www.kotaku.com.au/2021/02/theres-been-an-n64-mini-game-hidden-inside-the-switch-version-of-firewatch-all-this-time/ |access-date=26 March 2021 |work=Kotaku Australia |date=19 February 2021 |language=en-AU}}</ref> Read more about [[w:Firewatch|Firewatch]] on Wikipedia. ===2019=== * [[w:Pokémon Sword and Shield|Pokémon Sword and Shield]] * [[w:Luigi's Mansion 3|Luigi's Mansion 3]] * [[w:New Super Mario Bros. U|New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe]] * [[w:The Legend of Zelda: Link's Awakening (2019 video game)|The Legend of Zelda: Link's Awakening]] * [[w:Super Mario Maker 2|Super Mario Maker 2]] * [[w:Fire Emblem: Three Houses|Fire Emblem: Three Houses]] * [[w:Astral Chain|Astral Chain]] * [[w:Yoshi's Crafted World|Yoshi's Crafted World]] * [[w:Marvel Ultimate Alliance 3: The Black Order|Marvel Ultimate Alliance 3: The Black Order]] ====''The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt''==== Port of CD Projekt Red's acclaimed RPG. Though visual quality had to be reduced to run on the switch, reviewers were still impressed by the ability of the game to run on Switch hardware at all due to it's reputation for being a computationally demanding game.<ref>{{cite news |title=Review: The Witcher 3 for Switch is a slick, unmissable port |url=https://www.videogameschronicle.com/review/the-witcher-3-nintendo-switch/ |access-date=6 July 2021 |work=VGC |date=14 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Frushtick |first1=Russ |title=Witcher 3 on Nintendo Switch only makes a few sacrifices |url=https://www.polygon.com/2019/10/15/20915391/witcher-nintendo-switch-runs-performance-framerate-resolution |access-date=6 July 2021 |work=Polygon |date=15 October 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Because of this, the Switch edition was often referred to as an "Impossible Port".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Vjestica |first1=Adam |title=Busted: don’t buy GTA Trilogy Definitive Edition on Nintendo Switch |url=https://www.techradar.com/news/busted-dont-buy-gta-trilogy-definitive-edition-on-nintendo-switch |access-date=7 May 2022 |work=TechRadar |date=12 November 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Review: The Witcher 3 on Nintendo Switch is a fantastically impossible port - MSPoweruser |url=https://mspoweruser.com/the-witcher-3-switch-review-is-a-fantastically-impossible-port/ |access-date=7 May 2022 |work=mspoweruser.com |date=14 October 2019 |language=en-us}}</ref> Read more about [[w:The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt|The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - Complete Edition]] on Wikipedia. ====Ring Fit Adventure==== Nintendo's exergame focused on arm movement using a custom Pilates Joycon holder known as a "Ring-Con" and a leg strap. Read more about [[w:Ring Fit Adventure|Ring Fit Adventure]] on Wikipedia. ===2020=== * [[w:Xenoblade Chronicles (video game)|Xenoblade Chronicles: Definitive Edition]] * [[w:Pokémon Mystery Dungeon: Rescue Team DX|Pokémon Mystery Dungeon: Rescue Team DX]] * [[w:Paper Mario: The Origami King|Paper Mario: The Origami King]] * [[w:Deadly Premonition 2: A Blessing in Disguise|Deadly Premonition 2: A Blessing in Disguise]] * [[w:Brigandine: The Legend of Runersia|Brigandine: The Legend of Runersia]] ====Animal Crossing: New Horizons==== A refresh of the Animal Crossing series, focused on homesteading a wild island with new crafting mechanics. Read more about [[w:Animal Crossing: New Horizons|Animal Crossing: New Horizons]] on Wikipedia. ====Good Job==== A short physics puzzler about solving problems in an office as quickly as possible, regardless of mayhem caused. Read more about [[w:Good Job! (video game)|''Good Job!'']] on Wikipedia. ====Clubhouse Games: 51 Worldwide Classics==== A digital complication of various traditional board games from around the world. Read more about [[w:Clubhouse Games: 51 Worldwide Classics|''Clubhouse Games: 51 Worldwide Classics'']] on Wikipedia. ====Jump Rope Challenge==== A simple free exergame released by Nintendo to give switch owners a simple workout activity they could perform while under lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic. Later on 3rd party manufactures released jump rope add on accessories for Joy-Con intended for use with this game.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Garrett |first1=Ural |title=These great Nintendo Switch controllers will help you step up your game |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/01/11/cnn-underscored/best-nintendo-switch-controller/index.html |access-date=24 January 2022 |work=CNN Underscored |date=11 January 2022 |language=en}}</ref> Read more about [[w:Jump Rope Challenge|''Jump Rope Challenge'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Mario Kart Live: Home Circuit'' ==== ==== ''Hyrule Warriors: Age of Calamity''==== ==== ''Super Mario 3D All-Stars'' ==== ==== ''Pikmin 3 Deluxe'' ==== ===2021=== ====''Miitopia''==== Port of the casual 3DS RPG. Read more about [[w:Miitopia|Miitopia]] on Wikipedia. ====''New Pokémon Snap''==== An updated take on the earlier [[{{BOOKNAME}}/Platforms/Nintendo 64|Nintendo 64]] game ''Pokémon Snap'', featuring newer Pokemon and contemporary graphics.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Liao |first1=Shannon |title=Review {{!}} ‘New Pokémon Snap’ strikes exactly one note. (And it does that well.) |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/2021/04/28/new-pokemon-snap-review/ |access-date=30 April 2021 |work=Washington Post}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=New Pokémon Snap: The Kotaku Review |url=https://kotaku.com/new-pokemon-snap-the-kotaku-review-1846779223 |access-date=30 April 2021 |work=Kotaku |language=en-us}}</ref> Read more about [[w:New Pokémon Snap|''New Pokémon Snap'']] on Wikipedia. ====''Metroid Dread''==== This game stood out on a technical level, with reviewers noting speedy load times, quality graphics, and 5.1 surround sound support.<ref>{{cite news |title=Video: Digital Foundry's Technical Analysis Of Metroid Dread On Switch |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2021/10/video-digital-foundrys-technical-analysis-of-metroid-dread-on-switch |access-date=9 October 2021 |work=Nintendo Life |date=9 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Linneman |first1=John |title=Metroid Dread - a brilliant game that breathes new life into Switch |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/digitalfoundry-2021-metroid-dread-tech-review |access-date=9 October 2021 |work=Eurogamer |date=8 October 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Read more about [[w:Metroid Dread|''Metroid Dread'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Pokémon Brilliant Diamond and Shining Pearl'' ==== ==== ''Mario Golf: Super Rush'' ==== ==== ''The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword HD''==== ==== ''Super Mario 3D World + Bowser's Fury'' ==== ==== ''Shin Megami Tensei V'' ==== ==== ''WarioWare: Get It Together!'' ==== ==== ''Game Builder Garage'' ==== === 2022 === ==== ''Pokémon Legends: Arceus'' ==== An open-world action RPG style Pokémon game. Read more about [[w:Pokémon Legends: Arceus|''Pokémon Legends: Arceus'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Pokémon Scarlet and Violet'' ==== An open-world RPG style Pokémon game. Read more about [[w:Pokémon Scarlet and Violet|''Pokémon Scarlet and Violet'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Kirby and the Forgotten Land'' ==== A Kirby game set in the ruins of an abandoned civilization. Read more about [[w:Kirby and the Forgotten Land|''Kirby and the Forgotten Land'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Dragon Quest Treasures'' ==== A ''Dragon Quest'' spin off game about obtaining treasures. Read more about [[w:Dragon Quest Treasure|''Dragon Quest Treasure'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope'' ==== Read more about [[w:Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope|''Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Splatoon 3'' ==== A third person shooter known for its multiplayer. Read more about [[w:Splatoon 3|''Splatoon 3'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Xenoblade Chronicles 3'' ==== Read more about [[w:Xenoblade Chronicles 3|''Xenoblade Chronicles 3'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Fire Emblem Warriors: Three Hopes'' ==== A musou game set in the same setting as ''Fire Emblem: Three Houses''. Read more about [[w:Fire Emblem Warriors: Three Hopes|''Fire Emblem Warriors: Three Hopes'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Bayonetta 3'' ==== Read more about [[w:Bayonetta 3|''Bayonetta 3'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Mario Strikers: Battle League'' ==== A Mario themed football (American Soccer) game. Read more about [[w:Mario Strikers: Battle League|''Mario Strikers: Battle League'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Nintendo Switch Sports'' ==== A game developed by Nintendo similar in style to ''Wii Sports'', albeit not as a launch pack in title. Read more about [[w:Nintendo Switch Sports|''Nintendo Switch Sports'']] on Wikipedia. === 2023 === ==== ''Fire Emblem Engage'' ==== A mainline game in the ''Fire Emblem'' series. Read more about [[w:Fire Emblem Engage|''Fire Emblem Engage'']] on Wikipedia. ====''Kirby's Return to Dream Land Deluxe''==== ==== ''Metroid Prime Remastered'' ==== Enhanced Remake of the GameCube game. ==== ''The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom''==== A sequel to ''Breath of the Wild'' featuring a similar overworld map with expanded areas, a new story, and different mechanics. Read more about [[w:The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom|''The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom'']] on Wikipedia. ==== ''Pikmin 1'' ==== Rerelease of the GameCube game. ==== ''Pikmin 2'' ==== ReRelease of the GameCube game. ==== ''Bayonetta Origins: Cereza and the Lost Demon'' ==== A prequel to Bayonetta. Read more about [[w:Bayonetta Origins: Cereza and the Lost Demon|''Bayonetta Origins: Cereza and the Lost Demon'']] on Wikipedia. === In Development === ==== ''Pikmin 4'' ==== ==== ''Super Mario RPG'' ==== Enhanced remake of the SNES/Super Famicom Game. ==== ''Metroid Prime 4'' ==== ==== ''WarioWare: Move It!'' ==== ==Special Models== This section contains special editions and notable variants. ===Special Editions=== * Animal Crossing: New Horizons edition - A Switch with pastel green and blue colors and a dock illustration.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nintendo Switch - Animal Crossing: New Horizons Edition - Nintendo - Official Site |url=https://www.nintendo.com/products/detail/nintendo-switch-animal-crossing-new-horizons-edition/ |website=Nintendo |access-date=29 December 2020}}</ref> * LA Noire - Features art deco styling.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rockstar Games Giving Away A Custom Designed Switch In L.A. Noire Sweepstakes |url=https://nintendosoup.com/rockstar-games-giving-away-custom-designed-switch-l-noire-sweepstakes/ |access-date=7 January 2021 |work=NintendoSoup |date=2 December 2017}}</ref> * Mario - Features red and blue colors.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lyles |first1=Taylor |title=Nintendo’s new Mario-themed Switch is available now |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/2/12/22278494/nintendo-switch-mario-release-date-where-to-buy-amazon-best-buy-gamestop |access-date=15 February 2021 |work=The Verge |date=12 February 2021 |language=en}}</ref> * Crash Bandicoot N Sane Trilogy - Orange and Cyan, only 3 produced.<ref>{{cite news |title=Check Out This Very Limited Edition Crash Bandicoot Nintendo Switch Console |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2018/07/check_out_this_very_limited_edition_crash_bandicoot_nintendo_switch_console |access-date=24 April 2021 |work=Nintendo Life |date=30 July 2018}}</ref> * Pokemon Let's Go - Tan and Yellow Joycons with decal of Pikachu and Eevee.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Farokhmanesh |first1=Megan |title=Pokémon: Let’s Go-themed Switch turns Eevee and Pikachu into Joy-Con |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/9/10/17840876/pokemon-lets-go-switch-theme-pikachu-eevee-joycon |access-date=24 April 2021 |work=The Verge |date=10 September 2018 |language=en}}</ref> ===Special Purpose=== * Starlight Gaming Station - A mobile kiosk version of the switch intended for hospital use.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nintendo Switch Starlight Game Stations Begin Rolling Out to Hospitals |url=https://gamerant.com/nintendo-switch-starlight-game-stations-arrive-hospitals/ |access-date=29 December 2020 |work=Game Rant |date=28 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nintendo Collabs With Starlight To Roll Out Hospital-Safe Consoles Across America |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2020/12/nintendo_collabs_with_starlight_to_roll_out_hospital-safe_consoles_across_america |work=Nintendo Life |date=28 December 2020}}</ref> * Story Display Nintendo Switch Lite<ref>{{cite web |title=RARE Promotional Nintendo Switch Lite FOUND! |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rk_duLTIhrE |access-date=21 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref> ==Gallery== ===Nintendo Switch=== <gallery mode="slideshow"> File:Nintendo-Switch-wJoyCons-BlRd-Standing-FL.jpg|A Nintendo Switch in portable mode. File:Nintendo-Switch-Console-Docked-wJoyConRB.jpg|A docked Nintendo Switch. File:Nintendo-Switch-Console-Bare-FL.jpg File:Nintendo-Switch-Console-Bare-FL-B.jpg|The back of the Nintendo Switch, featuring a kickstand. File:Nintendo-Switch-Console-Bare-BR-B.jpg File:Nintendo-Switch-Console-Bare-BR.jpg File:Nintendo-Switch-Console-Flat-Bottom.jpg File:Nintendo-Switch-Console-Flat-Side.jpg File:Nintendo-Switch-Console-Flat-Top.jpg </gallery> ===Dock=== <gallery mode="slideshow" heights="150px"> File:Nintendo-Switch-Dock-Front.jpg File:Nintendo-Switch-Dock-Back.jpg File:Nintendo-Switch-Dock-Back-Open.jpg File:Nintendo-Switch-Dock-Top.jpg </gallery> ===Nintendo Switch Lite=== <gallery mode="slideshow"> File:Nintendo Switch Lite representation.png|A blue Nintendo Switch Lite File:Nintendo Switch Lite Pokemon Zacian and Zamazenta edition 05.jpg|The Nintendo Switch Lite </gallery> ===Nintendo Switch OLED=== <gallery mode="slideshow"> Nintendo Switch – OLED-Modell, Konsole und Dock 20230506.png|The classic OLED model in white Nintendo Switch – OLED-Modell (The Legend of Zelda - Tears of the Kingdom) 20230510 HOF02399 RAW-Export.png|The OLED model as Tears of the Kingdom edition </gallery> ===JoyCons=== <gallery mode="slideshow"> File:Nintendo-Switch-JoyCon-Grip-FL.jpg|The standard JoyCon grip in use File:Nintendo-Switch-JoyCon-Grip-Empty.jpg|The standard JoyCon grip empty File:Nintendo-Switch-JoyCon-Grip-Chargeable-02.jpg|The official chargable JoyCon grip File:Nintendo-Switch-JoyCon-Grip-Chargeable-03.jpg|The official chargable JoyCon grip viewed from the top File:Nintendo-Switch-JoyCon-Rail.jpg|The Joycon rail File:Nintendo Switch Joy-Con illustration.svg|An illustration of two JoyCons. </gallery> ===Other Controllers=== <gallery mode="slideshow"> File:Nintendo-Switch-Pro-Controller-FL.jpg|The Pro Controller File:Nintendo-Switch-Pro-Controller-FL-2.jpg|The Pro Controller File:Nintendo-Switch-Pro-Controller-BR.jpg|The Pro Controller File:Nintendo-Switch-Pro-Controller-BR-2.jpg|The Pro Controller with grips and bumpers visible. File:Nintendo-Pokemon-Lets-Go-Poke-Ball-Plus-Controller.jpg|Pokemon Let's Go Poke Ball Plus Controller </gallery> ===Nintendo Labo=== <gallery mode="slideshow"> File:Nintendo Labo construction.jpeg|Construction File:Nintendo labo rc car.jpeg|RC Car File:Nintendo Labo fishing rod.jpeg|Fishing Rod </gallery> ===Technology=== <gallery mode="slideshow"> File:NVIDIA@20nm@TegraX1@Erista@Shield TV@S Taiwan 1517A1 NPW020.M3W TM670D-A1 Stack-DSC00878-DSC00919 - ZS-retouched (33028871972).jpg|The die of an NVIDIA Tegra X1 chip, similar to the one used in the Nintendo Switch. File:NVIDIA@20nm@TegraX1@Erista@Shield TV@S Taiwan 1517A1 NPW020.M3W TM670D-A1 dieshot segments (33260213216).jpg|An annotated die picture. File:Innenleben der Nintendo Switch 20230405 HOF09139 RAW-Export.png|Console internals </gallery> ==External Resources== {{wikipedia|Nintendo Switch}} {{commons category|Nintendo Switch}} {{wikiquote|Shuntaro Furukawa}} * [https://www.nintendo.com/switch/ Official site] * [https://www.ifixit.com/Device/Nintendo_Switch iFixit] - Nintendo Switch page. {{Clear}} ==References== {{WikipediaCredit}}<!--Games List--> {{reflist|2}}{{status|50%}}{{BookCat}} qlkbpo6mwm4dl7zrlw2fm0ay9ta8m4d 0 434612 4634622 4460273 2026-05-07T09:52:57Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{rfd|Salute, Jonathan! and its translations}} {{center|<big>'''Salom, Jonatan! Globasa by the Direct Method'''</big><br />''Salom, Jonatan! Globasa yon Jinji Metode''}} {{book search}} A Globasa translation of ''[[Salute, Jonathan!]]'', originally written in [[w:Interlingue|Occidental]].<br /> ''Globasali trasbasa fe [[Salute, Jonathan!]], aselli eskrido in [[w:Interlingue|Okcidental]].'' {{print version}} == Chapters (''monlari'') == [[/Mon 1|Chapter 1]] — [[/Mon 2|Chapter 2]] — [[/Mon 3|Chapter 3]] — [[/Mon 4|Chapter 4]] — [[/Mon 5|Chapter 5]] — [[/Mon 6|Chapter 6]] — [[/Mon 7|Chapter 7]] — [[/Mon 8|Chapter 8]] — [[/Mon 9|Chapter 9]] — [[/Mon 10|Chapter 10]] — [[/Mon 11|Chapter 11]] — [[/Mon 12|Chapter 12]] — [[/Mon 13|Chapter 13]] — [[/Mon 14|Chapter 14]] — [[/Mon 15|Chapter 15]] — [[/Mon 16|Chapter 16]] — [[/Mon 17|Chapter 17]] - [[/Mon 18|Chapter 18]] — [[/Mon 19|Chapter 19]] — [[/Mon 20|Chapter 20]] — [[/Mon 21|Chapter 21]] — [[/Mon 22|Chapter 22]] — [[/Mon 23|Chapter 23]] — [[/Mon 24|Chapter 24]] — [[/Mon 25|Chapter 25]] — [[/Mon 26|Chapter 26]] — [[/Mon 27|Chapter 27]] — [[/Mon 28|Chapter 28]] — [[/Mon 29|Chapter 29]] — [[/Mon 30|Chapter 30]] — [[/Mon 31|Chapter 31]] — [[/Mon 32|Chapter 32]] — [[/Mon 33|Chapter 33]] — [[/Mon 34|Chapter 34]] — [[/Mon 35|Chapter 35]] — [[/Mon 36|Chapter 36]] — [[/Mon 37|Chapter 37]] — [[/Mon 38|Chapter 38]] — [[/Mon 39|Chapter 39]] — [[/Mon 40|Chapter 40]] — [[/Mon 41|Chapter 41]] — [[/Mon 42|Chapter 42]] — [[/Mon 43|Chapter 43]] — [[/Mon 44|Chapter 44]] — [[/Mon 45|Chapter 45]] — [[/Mon 46|Chapter 46]] — [[/Mon 47|Chapter 47]] — [[/Mon 48|Chapter 48]] — [[/Mon 49|Chapter 49]] — [[/Mon 50|Chapter 50]] — [[/Mon 51|Chapter 51]] — [[/Mon 52|Chapter 52]] — [[/Mon 53|Chapter 53]] — [[/Mon 54|Chapter 54]] — [[/Mon 55|Chapter 55]] — [[/Mon 56|Chapter 56]] — [[/Mon 57|Chapter 57]] — [[/Mon 58|Chapter 58]] — [[/Mon 59|Chapter 59]] — [[/Mon 60|Chapter 60]] — [[/Mon 61|Chapter 61]] — [[/Mon 62|Chapter 62]] — [[/Mon 63|Chapter 63]] — [[/Mon 64|Chapter 64]] — [[/Mon 65|Chapter 65]] — [[/Mon 66|Chapter 66]] — [[/Mon 67|Chapter 67]] — [[/Mon 68|Chapter 68]] — [[/Mon 69|Chapter 69]] — [[/Mon 70|Chapter 70]] — [[/Mon 71|Chapter 71]] — [[/Mon 72|Chapter 72]] — [[/Mon 73|Chapter 73]] — [[/Mon 74|Chapter 74]] — [[/Mon 75|Chapter 75]] — [[/Mon 76|Chapter 76]] — [[/Mon 77|Chapter 77]] — [[/Mon 78|Chapter 78]] — [[/Mon 79|Chapter 79]] — [[/Mon 80|Chapter 80]] — [[/Mon 81|Chapter 81]] — [[/Mon 82|Chapter 82]] — [[/Mon 83|Chapter 83]] — [[/Mon 84|Chapter 84]] — [[/Mon 85|Chapter 85]] — [[/Mon 86|Chapter 86]] — [[/Mon 87|Chapter 87]] — [[/Mon 88|Chapter 88]] — [[/Mon 89|Chapter 89]] — [[/Mon 90|Chapter 90]] — [[/Mon 91|Chapter 91]] — [[/Mon 92|Chapter 92]] — [[/Mon 93|Chapter 93]] — [[/Mon 94|Chapter 94]] — [[/Mon 95|Chapter 95]] — [[/Mon 96|Chapter 96]] — [[/Mon 97|Chapter 97]] — [[/Mon 98|Chapter 98]] — [[/Mon 99|Chapter 99]] — [[/Mon 100|Chapter 100]] {{Hello, Jonathan!}}{{Shelves|Hello, Jonathan!|Constructed languages}}{{Status|0%}} 0tq6sk1m15hhu1845lkmmywnjkpl7gj 0 447381 4634522 4613261 2026-05-06T22:59:48Z JCrue 2226064 /* */ typo 4634522 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Parnham attack |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C20]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Qh5|Parnham attack]] → [[../|4. Qf3]] }} == 4...f5 == ...f5 parries the threat of Qf7# by obstructing the queen's vision of the f7 square. It also attacks White's e-pawn, and if Black is able to remove it, they might be able to play d5 and take over the centre. '''5. exf5?!''', thinking to clear the obstruction, is inaccurate, ultimately because it gives up control of the d5 square. Black can't play ...d5 straight away. If 5...d5?!, apparently with tempo on the bishop, then 6. fxg6! and Black doesn't have time to take the bishop because White's ''pawn'' now controls f7: 6...dxc4?? 7. Qf7#!. Instead Black should prepare ...d5 with 5...Nd4 first. This is a double attack on White's queen and the c3 square (threatening ...Nxc3+, Black wins the rook by a fork). Then: * 6. Qd1 to defend the c3 square is most natural, which allows 6...d5. * 6. Qg3!? allows the fork but sets a trap. 6...Nc3+ 7. Kd1 Nxa1?? 8. Qxe5!+ Qe7 9. Qxh8{{Chess/not|+++}}. * 6. Qd5?? threatens 7. Qf7# and Qxe5+. This is very common but strictly inferior, and 7...Qf6 deals with both threats. '''5. Ne2''' is White's best move: controlling d4 so preventing ...Nd4. Then the game may continue 5...Nf6 (threatening ...fxe4, as the knight will prevent vision of f7) 6. Nbc3 (defending e4) d6 7. exf5 Bxf5 8. d3{{Chess/not}} for an even game. ==Theory table== {{Chess Opening Theory/Table}} '''1. e4 e5 2. Qh5 Nc6 3. Bc4 g6 4. Qf3 f5''' <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> <tr> <th></th> <th align="left">5</th> <th align="left">6</th> <th align="left">7</th> <th align="left">8</th> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>[[/5._Ne2|Ne2]]<br>Nf6</td> <td>Nc3<br>d6</td> <td>exf5<br>Bxf5</td> <td>d3<br>Bg4</td> <td>=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>[[/5._exf5|exf5?]]<br>Nd4</td> <td>Qd5<br>Qe7</td> <td>Na3<br>c6</td> <td>-+</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>[[/5._exf5|exf5?]]<br>Nd4</td> <td>Qd1<br>Qg5</td> <td>g3<br>Qxf5</td> <td>-+</td> </tr> </table> {{ChessMid}} == References == {{reflist}} === See also === * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5yMZrkDLXA A Completely Pointless Refutation of Four Move Checkmate], Jonathan Schrantz (Youtube). {{ChessFooter}} n4sv9hoqvkv59g1gnrbynmocp132ve6 4634523 4634522 2026-05-06T23:01:12Z JCrue 2226064 I was mistaken. Undid revision [[Special:Diff/4634522|4634522]] by [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]]) 4634523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Parham attack |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C20]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Qh5|Parham attack]] → [[../|4. Qf3]] }} == 4...f5 == ...f5 parries the threat of Qf7# by obstructing the queen's vision of the f7 square. It also attacks White's e-pawn, and if Black is able to remove it, they might be able to play d5 and take over the centre. '''5. exf5?!''', thinking to clear the obstruction, is inaccurate, ultimately because it gives up control of the d5 square. Black can't play ...d5 straight away. If 5...d5?!, apparently with tempo on the bishop, then 6. fxg6! and Black doesn't have time to take the bishop because White's ''pawn'' now controls f7: 6...dxc4?? 7. Qf7#!. Instead Black should prepare ...d5 with 5...Nd4 first. This is a double attack on White's queen and the c3 square (threatening ...Nxc3+, Black wins the rook by a fork). Then: * 6. Qd1 to defend the c3 square is most natural, which allows 6...d5. * 6. Qg3!? allows the fork but sets a trap. 6...Nc3+ 7. Kd1 Nxa1?? 8. Qxe5!+ Qe7 9. Qxh8{{Chess/not|+++}}. * 6. Qd5?? threatens 7. Qf7# and Qxe5+. This is very common but strictly inferior, and 7...Qf6 deals with both threats. '''5. Ne2''' is White's best move: controlling d4 so preventing ...Nd4. Then the game may continue 5...Nf6 (threatening ...fxe4, as the knight will prevent vision of f7) 6. Nbc3 (defending e4) d6 7. exf5 Bxf5 8. d3{{Chess/not}} for an even game. ==Theory table== {{Chess Opening Theory/Table}} '''1. e4 e5 2. Qh5 Nc6 3. Bc4 g6 4. Qf3 f5''' <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> <tr> <th></th> <th align="left">5</th> <th align="left">6</th> <th align="left">7</th> <th align="left">8</th> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>[[/5._Ne2|Ne2]]<br>Nf6</td> <td>Nc3<br>d6</td> <td>exf5<br>Bxf5</td> <td>d3<br>Bg4</td> <td>=</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>[[/5._exf5|exf5?]]<br>Nd4</td> <td>Qd5<br>Qe7</td> <td>Na3<br>c6</td> <td>-+</td> </tr> <tr> <th align="right"></th> <td>[[/5._exf5|exf5?]]<br>Nd4</td> <td>Qd1<br>Qg5</td> <td>g3<br>Qxf5</td> <td>-+</td> </tr> </table> {{ChessMid}} == References == {{reflist}} === See also === * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5yMZrkDLXA A Completely Pointless Refutation of Four Move Checkmate], Jonathan Schrantz (Youtube). {{ChessFooter}} niyl47dfhmaxzilocyi6bagehocrk20 0 449935 4634621 4460270 2026-05-07T09:52:36Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634621 wikitext text/x-wiki {{rfd|Salute, Jonathan! and its translations}} {{center|<big>'''Salute, Jonathan! Novlingue by the Direct Method'''</big>}} ==Unesmi capitre (1.esmi capitre)== ===Unesmi monate-kin (1 monate-kin)=== U home standa in u urbe. E home skripta u diarie. E home vida u urbe. Ob e home standa in u urbe? Jes, le standa in u urbe. Ob e home standa in u home? No, le no standa in u home. Le standa in u urbe. Ob e home standa in u trene? No, le no standa in trene. Le standa in u urbe. E home standa in u urbe. Ob e home skripta u diarie? Jes, le skripta u diarie. Ob e diarie skripta e home? No, e diarie no skripta e home. U diarie no skripta. U home skripta. E home skripta e diarie. Ob e urbe vida e home? No, e urbe no e home. U urbe no vida. U home vida. Ob e home vida e urbe? Jes, e home vida e urbe. Ki-lok es e home? Le standa in u urbe. Ku skripta e home? Le skripta u diarie. Ku vida e home? le vida u urbe. Le standa in u urbe, mo le skripta u diarie, mo le vida u urbe. Ob e home standa in u diarie? No, le skripta in u diarie. Ob e home vida u home? No, le no vida u home; le vida u urbe. E home es grandi. E home es boni, mo e home es inteligenti. Le pensa. Le pensa pri e urbe. Le pensa: "Ku es e urbe? Ob e urbe es boni? Ob e urbe es grandi?" Ob e home skripta u urbe? No, le no skripta u urbe; u urbe es grandi. Le skripta u diarie; u diarie es nograndi. Ob e diarie pensa pri e home? No, u diarie no pensa. U home pensa. Le pensa pri e diarie, mo pensa pri e urbe. Mo le skripta in e diarie. Le skripta pri e urbe. Le skripta: "E urbe es boni, mo e urbe es grandi". Le pensa: "E urbe es boni"; le pensa ke e urbe es boni. Le pensa: "Ti urbe es grandi"; e pensa ke e urbe es grandi. Le pensa prj e urbe, mo le pensa pri e diarie. Ku es e diarie? E diarie es ki-lok e home skripta; le skripta in e diarie. In e diarie, e home skripta pri e urbe. In e diarie e home no skripta pri e trene; e home standa in e urbe, no in e trene. Le no pensa pri e trene; le pensa pri e urbe, e urbe de-noma Munich. Ku es e urbe? Le es Munich. Ki-lok es Munich? Le es ki-lok e home standa. Ki-lok es e home? Le es in Munich Jes, Munich es u grandi urbe, mo u boni urbe. E home pensa ke Munich es u boni urbe, mo le pensa ke le es u grandi urbe. E home es inteligenti. Le dira: "Salute, Munich!" Le es u boni home! E home standa mo pensa: "Ki-lok es e trene?" Le vida. Le vida e trene! Le pensa: "E trene!" Nun, le no pensa pri e diarie mo le no pensa pri e urbe; le pensa pri e trene! ==Duesmi capitre (2.esmi capitre)== ===Duesmi monate-kin (2 monate-kin)=== Nun e home es in e trene. Le no es in Munich, le es in u trene. Le viaja. Le pensa: "Nun me viaja de Munich a Vienna. Le es u boni viaje. Me ama viajes". == References == * [https://prexins.wordpress.com/2021/10/17/novlingue/ Novlingue Handbook] == Translations == {{Hello, Jonathan!}}{{shelves|Hello, Jonathan!|Constructed languages}}{{Status|0%}} 52r8zmhbww43p3xt6o9f9igz0rypk8e 0 450173 4634580 4584051 2026-05-07T08:53:25Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634580 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background:mistyrose;margin:0px;padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;border:1px solid gray;"> <table style="margin:10px;float:right;"><tr><td>__TOC__</td></tr></table> ==Summary and Basics== {{Editor note|{{center|<big>'''Take These Routine Actions to Give the Best Chance of Good Future Recovery:'''</big>}} *'''Make a complete system image of your computer''' while things work well. ''Do this every few months at least, and certainly before any significant upgrades.'' *'''Back up your personal documents, spreadsheets and images'''. ''Do this every week, or more frequently if deemed necessary. Use a separate drive for added diversity.'' *'''Set a restore point before any significant changes'''. ''This includes before any version or feature upgrades, and after a new install. Remember, restore might need switched on.'' *'''Make a USB recovery drive for your version of Windows'''. ''If the version changes or the drivers change much, be sure to replace it with another.'' *'''Learn your computer's startup keys''', especially for the boot menu and the Recovery Environment. ''Refer to the handbook or manufacturer's site for info.'' *'''Set your BIOS / UEFI boot order''' so that the USB drive is at the top. ''This will generally not affect normal working.'' }} *'''The Windows Recovery Environment (RE)''' is a computer's restoration platform. It is a collection of tools with a graphical interface that can repair a computer, or reinstall it from saved images. It can also use a USB recovery drive, so that work can be done externally to the Windows environment. *'''The ''Winre.wim'' file is its core''', and It is an image file. **'''It is normally hidden from view''', but can be seen in Windows Explorer when the folder options are adjusted, and the recovery partition is given a drive letter. **'''Winre.wim is initially located in folder ''\Windows\System32\Recovery'', for ''staging'' or when ''disabled''.''' When the RE is ''clean-installed'' or otherwise ''enabled'', tt is moved to folder '''''\Recovery\WindowsRE''''', in the recovery partition with two other files. **'''The file depends on finding the specified folder at its destination'''. For a clean installation, the empty folder tree at the working location must be prepared prior to initially enabling the RE. *'''The '''''Reagent.xml''''' file is also located in ''\Windows\System32\Recovery''''', and travels with the ''Winre.wim'' file. When it is missing in Windows 10 and beyond, a new one is made automatically for the current configuration. Before Windows 10, handling procedures can differ. *'''The Recovery Environment (RE) can be switched on and off.''' If it is off, (''disabled''), most facilities will be unavailable. it will not be possible to make a recovery drive, access advanced options, or install a system image. When the recovery environment is switched on, (''enabled''), a full set of advanced tools is available. *'''When the recovery partition is unsuitable for the RE, ''C:\Recovery\WindowsRE'' is used instead.''' However, when the problems with the partition are corrected, the RE can be redirected back to the partition, using an entry made at an elevated command prompt. *'''When the Recovery Environment is ''disabled''''', the ''Winre.wim'' file is moved back to its staging location in the '''''\Windows\System32\Recovery''''' folder. (See Figure D). It is then moved back to its working location when it is ''enabled''. *'''A USB recovery drive can override RE settings'''. Booting with a recovery drive can access a full set of advanced options even when the computer's RE is disabled. (See later). *'''''Reagentc.exe'' is used to switch the RE on and off'''. It is also used to check its status, and to tell the system where to install the RE files. It is accessed in an elevated command prompt, and a detailed log of its actions is always available at '''''C:\Windows\Logs\Reagent.log'''''. *'''Users sometimes need to work on the hidden recovery partition.''' Assigning a drive letter, viewing files, and extending the partition are the main tasks that users might encounter. All of these tasks can be carried out in Windows, but are more easily done with a third party partition tool. Even free tools, like [http://www.partitionwizard.com/free-partition-manager.html MiniTool Partition Wizard Free Edition], are easier to use than Windows. *'''The RE does not normally need manual intervention'''. The configuration files are automatically updated by switching the RE from the ''disabled'' state to the ''enabled'' state, or by notifying a change in the location to send the RE. In Windows 10, a new xml file is made if one cannot be found. If necessary, when things still go wrong, there are commands that can be used to check and change the status of the RE, and to tell the system of the new location for its working files. *'''A good way to reinstate the integrity of the Recovery Environment''' is to allow the installation of a Windows Feature Update. Because the update needs the RE to do its work, it will be sure to reinstate it. Another, more timely method is to perform a clean installation of the RE. (see later). *'''A copy of the ''Winre.wim'' file should be kept as a backup'''. If a ''Winre.wim'' file is thought to be defective, the backup copy could then be used to reinstall the RE. Copies can also be imported from other computers, or from installation and system images, but having a backup is more convenient. There is no need to backup the reagent.xml file in Windows 10 as the system can make a new file every time the RE is ''enabled''. *'''The ''Windows USB Recovery Drive'' can give full RE access, even when it is ''disabled''''', so a USB Recovery Drive is well worth the time in its making. Such a drive can be used to boot (load) a PC into Windows even if the PC cannot start on its own. It can also boot the PC into a full version of the Recovery Environment. Running the RE on a USB Recovery Drive can allow the installation of system images at times when other methods would fail. It cannot transfer a ''WindowsBackupImage'' onto a new, blank hard drive however, since some preparation of the disc's partitions must still be made. For a blank hard drive, cloning or the use of installation media are still the preferred methods. </div> <div style="background:linen;margin:0px;padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;border:1px solid gray;"> ==Accessing the Recovery Options== [[File:Windows Recovery Environment 2.png|thumb|550px|left|Figure A: Typical options in the Windows Recovery Environment. The "Use a device" route runs the RE independently of Windows. Note: Left-click the image for a larger view.]] There are several ways to access the recovery options. (See Figure A.) Some use keys during startup, and some others a modified form of restart. These methods set flags that cause the relevant boot loaders to load the Recovery Environment instead of the Windows operating system. The most reliable methods are given here. ===Starting the RE with Hot Keys=== When the PC is switched on or reset, there is an immediate startup phase, in which pressing certain keys on the keyboard can cause the computer to go into the Recovery Mode. For example, some HP computers use the f11 key for this. Other manufacturers will use other keys, but often there is brief message at the bottom of the screen that invites the user to press a certain key for this purpose. At times, recovery mode can be accessed from the Startup menu, accessed on HP computers by pressing the Esc key during startup. Along with the RE startup key, there is also a key to go to the UEFI/BIOS settings; on HP computers it is f10, though it too changes between manufacturers. Refer to documentation for your PC to learn correctly which keys to use. Notice also that the startup keys are still valid whether the PC boots on its own, or with the help of a USB Recovery Drive. ===Starting the RE with ''Shift-Restart''=== Provided that the PC ''can'' start, then the preferred method to enter the Recovery Environment is to restart the PC while pressing the ''shift'' key. Power switch restarts can be initiated anywhere that a ''restart'' button exists, including the ''Sign-On'' screen, the ''Start Menu'', ''Advanced Startup'' in ''Settings> Recovery'', and no doubt others. </div> <div style="background:papayawhip;margin:0px;padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;border:1px solid gray;"> ===Starting the RE with a USB Recovery Drive=== *'''The ''Use a Device'' choice''' (see figure A), runs a version of the RE from the USB Recovery Drive. In this way the USB can perform recovery tasks independently of Windows, and can do so even if the RE in the PC is set to ''disabled''. In order to make use of these features the user should of course, have a Windows Recovery Drive, made at a time when the PC was working well. Details on how to make such a drive can be found by searching in Windows for the term ''Create a Recovery Drive''. The following method although of use generally, is made for a near-worst scenario, where the computer cannot start on its own, the user has forgotten the startup keys, and the computer's RE is presently in a disabled or inoperable state. The sequence of work used to enter the recovery environment, and gain external control of it, is as follows: **'''Set the boot order of the ''BIOS/UEFI'' to boot from the USB.''' That is to say, access the ''UEFI'' settings, then move the USB choice to the top of the boot order, then save and exit the ''UEFI'' settings. This should have already been done as a matter of routine, but in case of difficulty, refer to [https://techofide.com/blogs/boot-menu-option-keys-for-all-computers-and-laptops-updated-list-2021-techofide Boot '''Menu Option Keys for All Computers'''], for the boot access key on your computer. **'''Switch off the computer.''' A cold start is best; remove power from the power cord as well, since the mother board has power unless mains power is removed. Press the start switch a few times to discharge any residual power. After a few minutes reconnect the mains. **'''Remove all USB objects except the mouse and Recovery Drive and start the PC.''' Do not touch any keys at this stage. The Recovery Drive should boot the PC into Windows normally. It is assumed here that the PC reaches the sign-in screen, having run an automatic startup check and repair. Note: If you know the key to press to enter the RE during startup, and don't need start-up repairs, then press that key during startup, and skip to making the "Use a device" item below. **'''Perform a ''Shift-Restart'' from the sign-in screen.''' That is, hold down the ''shift'' key while selecting ''restart'' on the lower-right power button. A similar procedure could be performed at any other point on the PC where there is a power button. The computer restarts, booted by the Recovery Drive, and opens a reduced version of the Recovery Environment; this version has very little other than that available in a boot menu, but additionally includes the "Use a device" option. **'''Find and select the option ''Use a Device.''''' From the three or so options then presented, choose the one for the removable USB drive. The PC will automatically restart, and the Recovery Drive will open a full set of options of its own, the first of which is a language selection. **'''The language screen is characteristic of USB control''', there being no other notice as to which device is now running the RE. When making selections from these options, the Recovery Environment will make use of tools in the Recovery Drive, as opposed to those in the PC or Windows. This would even permit the formatting of Windows if deemed necessary. **'''Remove the Recovery Drive from the USB slot.''' Do this when it is no longer needed, and before proceeding normally to Windows again. This avoids another unnecessary USB boot into the RE.</div> <div style="background:lavenderblush;margin:0px;padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;border:1px solid gray;"> ==RE Pre-Install Issues== [[File:Reagentc status output.png|thumb|450px|right|Figure B: Checking the status of the Recovery Environment. The display shows that it is enabled, and that the location of the file is hidden partition four, the usual recovery partition. That is to say, all is well.]] [[File:Command Prompt Results for a Directory Search.png|thumb|450px|right|Figure C: Shows a typical command prompt output while searching for RE files. Notice that the working file is not listed, the one currently in the recovery partition.]] ===RE Management with Windows Explorer=== Although enabling and disabling the RE must be done at the Command Prompt, searching for files can always be done from within Windows Explorer. If work needs to be done directly in the recovery partition however, a drive letter will need to be assigned. (See later). For some actions that will not be necessary. In general, the user should consider logging on as an administrator, and in any case adjust the folder options as follows: *Go to Windows Explorer's ''View'' drop menu. *Select the ''Options'' tile, then ''Change folder and search options''. *In the dialog that opens, select the ''View'' tab, then check ''Show hidden files, folders and drives''. In addition, ensure that the ''Hide protected operating system files (Recommended)'' remains unchecked. *Click ''Apply'' then ''OK'' to quit the dialog. ====Search for files==== Left-click the ''C: drive'' in the left panel then enter the file name and extension in the top-right ''Search This PC'' text field, (for example, ''winre.wim'' ). Hit ''Enter'' to start the search of ''C: drive''. After a while the results list will be completed. Narrow or widen the search locations by choosing a different drive or folder in the left panel, then re-entering the file details. ====File Restrictions==== Being able to see system and operating files does not necessarily mean that they can be moved or copied. That privilege depends on who the ''owner'' is. In the event of such difficulty, the intending user might have to take ownership of such a file or folder, or extend sharing to himself. Use the ''right-click'' menu item "''Give access to''", to give yourself access to some restricted files. ===Hidden Partition Working=== Before installing the RE in a partition, the system checks to see if the partition is suitable. During the install run, it checks for size and type, and otherwise decides on suitability. If it decides that it is too small for the files and working space, or otherwise unsuitable, it will install the RE into the '''''C:\Recovery''''' folder instead. So, if at any time the RE is found in that folder, it would be best to consider any issues with the partition before attempting to install in it. Microsoft's page on this issue is best, at [https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-client/windows-security/disk-partition-requirement-use-windows-re-tool Disk partition requirement for using Windows RE tools on a UEFI-based computer]. If it is decided to extend the partition, or to work on it, the use of a partition tool is preferred. Even free utilities such as [http://www.partitionwizard.com/free-partition-manager.html MiniTool Partition Wizard Free Edition] permit the assignment of drive letters and the adjustment of a partition's size. They also allow the viewing of files in hidden partitions, using an explore option. These utilities are often simpler to use than those supplied by Windows, but on a cautious note, care is needed in any partition tool's use, since changes made in a casual way can have far reaching consequences. In order to see and work with any files in a hidden partition, a drive letter must first be assigned. Then the files can be handled in Windows Explorer, in the same way as any others. After a session of work is done, the drive letter can be removed again to make it inaccessible. Before working on any system files, it is advised to set the folder options of Windows Explorer so that system files will be visible and so that operating system files are not hidden. Otherwise, they will be invisible for both viewing and command prompt listings. Similarly, any use of the command prompt should be done at an Admin level, the so-called elevated command prompt, or some commands will not work at all. It might also be as well to sign on to Windows as an administrator for any extended work. This will minimise the requests for permissions. ===Making Clean Starting Folders === [[File:Recovery Environment WinRE.wim File Transit.png|thumb|450px|left|Figure D: Shows the changes in file locations when the RE is enabled and disabled. When ''enabled'', The ''Winre.wim'' file in the staging location is moved, with other files, to its working location in the recovery partition. It is moved back when ''disabled''.]] When attempting to make a clean installation of the RE, it is important to avoid any residual problems that exist in the surrounding files and folders. One way, when it is possible, is to install into empty folders made for the purpose, and to first rename any similar existing folders so that they are unavailable. For example, for a partition, the RE system will install into a specific folder in a specific folder tree, and no other. For a clean installation, the partition must have an empty outer folder in it called '''''Recovery'''''. Within the Recovery folder there must be another empty folder called '''''WindowsRE'''''. If any existing folder tree exists with the Recovery name it should be renamed so that it is unavailable. Similarly, during the installation of the RE, a Winre.wim image file must initially be located in folder '''''C:\Windows\System32\Recovery'''''. There is no need for any '''''WindowsRE''''' folder at this location, since it is merely a staging location for the wim file, prior to the start of the installation. If there is doubt as to the integrity of the '''''Winre.wim''''' file, then it too should be renamed, and another file that is known to work, brought in to replace it. In Windows 10 and beyond, some files are made automatically when they are not found during an RE installation run. This is not the case for earlier Windows editions. For Windows 10 and 11, this makes it a useful way to exclude such files from adversely affecting the new installation. If there is an existing '''''REAgent.xml''''' file in the '''''C:\Windows\System32\Recovery''''' folder, it must be deleted before a clean install; the system will make a new one on-the-fly, with all of the new configurations in it. Note that a missing '''''Winre.wim''''' file will not be replaced during a run; it must be present at the staging point before enabling the RE. {{Editor note|''Remarks regarding auto-replacement of the Reagent.xml file apply only to Windows 10 and above. Other versions are not considered here.''}} ===Checking System Files and Images=== At any time, the integrity of the system can be checked by running a file check. That does not mean that the recovery partition will be checked as well. When the RE is disabled, the Winre.wim file is brought back into the '''''C:\Windows\System32\Recovery''''' folder, regardless of where it was located while it was enabled. So prior to running a specific file check it would be best to make sure that the Winre.wim file is conveniently located in Windows, by first disabling the RE. Code for doing this, and other tests, is given in a later section, though recent tests have introduced doubt as to whether or not the Winre.wim file is ever included in a System File Check; no mention of it is ever found in the various logs. An alternative to file checking is to make use of a Winre.wim file from a known, good Windows computer of the same edition. Another alternative is to allow the computer to do a features update, or an upgrade of Windows. Because the system needs the RE for its updates, it will make sure that there is a working RE by the time it is done. That is not to say that the system will install the RE where you want it; it will not install it into a partition if it was not notified (set) there before. Another way, more complex, to get a file is to mount an installation image so that there is access to its files. The wim file can then be copied, and dismounted after use. Microsoft recommends running DISM before sfc in Windows 10, so this is the sequence displayed below. The following code can be used at an elevated command prompt to perform more searching tests and repairs on the computer, but should be used sparingly and with caution, in view of the damage that might result from careless use: ====To check the Windows image for integrity==== <p>The code lines shown here require an online internet connection. They check the Windows files against a reference set of files in a Microsoft server. The first line will check that files are OK without making changes, while the second line will check the integrity of the component store. The third and most useful will check and fix any bad files that are found. The process can take some time since many files need to be checked.</p> <p>''Press Enter after any one line of code, then await completion before any other:''</p> <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth </poem> ====To perform system file tests and repairs==== <p>The first of these two code lines will verify the integrity of the system files but will not make any changes to them. The second line will check such files and also repair or replace them as necessary. A log file for the process is available at '''''C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CBS.log'''''. </p> <p>''Press Enter after any one line of code, then await completion before any other:''.</p> <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> sfc /verifyonly sfc /scannow </poem> ====To perform hard drive sector tests and repairs==== <p>The first of these two code lines will verify the integrity of C: drive's sectors, and will report but not make any changes to them. The second line will check the sectors and also make repairs as necessary.</p> <p>''Press Enter after any one line of code, then await completion before any other:''</p> <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> chkdsk /r c: chkdsk /f c: </poem> ====To obtain a hash for your working Winre.wim file==== <p>There is no clear evidence that the wim file is ever checked during a sfc check, so the next best thing is to do a hash of your wim file while it is working well so that you can compare it when it is in doubt. The procedure below first disables the RE to move the wim file into Windows. Then the directory is changed to the folder that contains the wim file, then the hash line is run. Change the MD5 to SHA1, SHA256, or SHA512 for other hashes. The sequence of work is just:</p> <p>''Press Enter after each line of code, then await completion before any other:''</p> <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> reagentc /disable cd c:\windows\system32\recovery certutil -hashfile winre.wim MD5 reagentc /enable reagentc /info </poem> ===To Check, Enable or Disable the RE=== At various times we need to disable or enable the Windows Recovery Environment. When disabled, there is no access to the advanced options of the RE without a Recovery Drive, and it is not possible to make such a drive when the RE is disabled. However, at times when repairing the RE, we need to switch it off and on. These commands, as for many others, must be made at an '''''administrator command prompt'''''. *The RE status tells us whether it is currently enabled or disabled, (see Figure B), and if enabled, what its set location path is. It is found with: <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> reagentc /info </poem> *To enable the RE we use: <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> reagentc /enable </poem> *To disable it we use: <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> reagentc /disable </poem> </div> <div style="background:honeydew;margin:0px;padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;border:1px solid gray;"> ==Clean Install the RE to a Partition== This procedure is the most general, and as such is easily adapted to address a number of RE problem types. These include but are not limited to: * Cannot enable the RE * Recovery Environment not found. * Confused configuration issues. * First time install of RE. * RE installed in Windows instead of Recovery Partition. * No backup to staging location when disabled. This description assumes that there is a '''''Winre.wim''''' file available on the computer from some suitable source. That is to say, from a backup copy or a computer of the same edition: Win10 needs a file from a Win10 computer, etc. It further assumes that there is already a recovery partition made, it is hidden, and that after installation of all files, it will still have free space roughly equal to the size of the '''''Winre.wim''''' file itself. A partition size of greater than 1GB would usually do fine. Ideally, the RE partition should be located immediately following the partition in which Windows is installed. For a detailed description of the most general method of RE installation, first refer to [https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/deploy-windows-re?source=recommendations&view=windows-10 Microsoft; Deploy Windows RE].The summary of the procedure is as follows: *Prepare ''Windows Explorer''; set the folder options to unhide and view system and operating system files. * Prepare the ''Recovery Partition''; give the partition a drive letter. We use "R" for our example. * ''Disable the'' RE if there is already one installed. * Use ''Windows Explorer'' to view the existing ''Recovery Partition'' files. * Rename any existing '''''Recovery''''' folder structure in the recovery partition''; eg;'' make it ''bakRecovery''. * Then make sure that the ''empty'' folder structure '''''Recovery\WindowsRE''''' exists as a top level folder tree in the RE partition. (See Figure D). If it does not, then make it. * '''''Copy''''' your ''Winre.wim'' file to the clipboard, then '''''Paste''''' it into the '''''\Windows\System32\Recovery''''' folder. This becomes the ''staging location'' of ''Winre.wim.'' Note that this method is simply considered the most convenient, and that with a little more effort the file could be found and copied into place at the command prompt instead. * While in \'''''Windows\System32\Recovery''''' rename any existing ''REAgent.xml'' file to make it unavailable. (Note: This advice is for Windows10 and beyond). * ''Set'' the location for the installation of RE files using '''''reagentc /setreimage /path r:\recovery\windowsre''''' at an elevated command prompt. The system will make a new ''reagent.xml'' file, then add it, the ''winre.wim'' file, and a ''boot.sdi'' file to the ''WindowsRE'' folder in the recovery partition, * Confirm the status of the RE with '''''reagentc /info''''', noting that it is ''enabled'', and that the RE has the installed path as intended. * If all is well, then remove the drive letter from the recovery partition. *A detailed log file for the process can be found at '''''C:\Windows\Logs\ReAgent\reagent.log'''''. ===Command line code related to the clean RE install=== *'''To assign a drive letter to the Recovery Partition''': It is best to use a third-party partition tool (recommended), but if the command prompt must be used, enter following code lines at an elevated prompt, one by one, pressing ''Enter'' after each. Note: For this purpose, we use the letter "R", and assume it is for partition four. <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> diskpart list drive select drive 0 list partition select partition 4 assign letter=R exit </poem> *'''To check the status of the RE:''' <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> reagentc /info </poem> *'''To disable the RE''': Enter the following code at the elevated command prompt. <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> reagentc /enable </poem> *'''To enable the RE''': <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> reagentc /disable </poem> *'''To find a list of Winre.wim files in C: drive''': Enter the following code at the elevated command prompt. (See Figure C) <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> dir /a /s c:\winre.wim </poem> *'''To copy a Winre.wim file using Command Prompt''': Note: The first line is just used for you to find the file's attributes; it is assumed here that, among others, system and hidden attributes (h and s) were found; these two found attributes are removed in the second line, the xcopy is applied in the third, then the attributes are reapplied at both the new and old addresses. It is easiest to rename and move files in ''Windows Explorer'', but when the command prompt (elevated) must be used, the following code shows the sequence of work: <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> attrib [full path to the FILE whose attributes are to be checked] attrib -h -s [full path to the source FILE to copy] xcopy /h [full path to the source FILE to copy] [full path to destination FOLDER for the copy] attrib h s [full path to the source FILE that was copied] attrib h s [full path to the new destination FILE] </poem> * '''To tell the RE where to place the enabled Winre.wim file:''' In this case we assume that the correct place is the recovery partition, and that it has been labelled as "R" drive. As well as setting up the various configuration files and notifying the system as to where the RE is to be installed, this code line ends by enabling the RE, ready for use: <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> reagentc /setreimage /path r:\recovery\windowsre </poem> *'''To remove the drive letter from the recovery partition''': Use the third-party partition software for speed and convenience, or repeat the earlier use of ''diskpart'', replacing the lettering line with ''remove letter=R''. <poem style="margin-left:25px;letter-spacing:0.05em;color:green;font-weight:bold;font-family:consolas;font-size:11pt;"> diskpart list drive select drive 0 list partition select partition 4 remove letter=R exit </poem> *'''To access the log file for any REAgentc process:''' In Windows Explorer, go to '''''C:\Windows\Logs\ReAgent\reagent.log''''', and ''Open with'' Notepad or Wordpad.<br><br> {{dropimage|width=800px|align=center|chta=center|1="REAgent.exe Enable Log...press to view"|2={{DDiv |'''Reagent.log file for info, disable, and enable''' | # ------------------------------------------------------ # ------------------------------------------------------ # -----Executing command line: reagentc /info----- # ------------------------------------------------------ # Enter WinReGetConfig # Parameters: configWinDir: NULL # WinRE config file path: C:\WINDOWS\system32\Recovery\ReAgent.xml # Update enhanced config info is enabled. # WinRE is installed # WinRE is installed at: \\?\GLOBALROOT\device\harddisk0\partition4\Recovery\WindowsRE # System is WimBoot: FALSE # WinRE image validated # Exit WinReGetConfig return value: 1, last error: 0x0 # ------------------------------------------------------ # -----Exiting command line: reagentc /info, Error: 0----- # ------------------------------------------------------ # ------------------------------------------------------ # -----Executing command line: reagentc /disable----- # ------------------------------------------------------ # Enter WinReUnInstall # Update enhanced config info is enabled. # WinRE is installed # winreCopyWIMBack moved WIM file from \\?\GLOBALROOT\device\harddisk0\partition4\Recovery\WindowsRE\ to C:\WINDOWS\system32\Recovery\Winre.wim successfully! # WinRE uninstall step 1 succeeded: copy WIM file back to its staging location # WinRE uninstall step 2 succeeded: update agent config for BCD id, install state, schedule operation. # The current Recovery BCD entry points to \Device\HarddiskVolume4[\Recovery\WindowsRE\Winre.wim] # The WIM file being unregistered is \Device\HarddiskVolume4[\Recovery\WindowsRE\Winre.wim] # Paths are the same, clearing Recovery BCD # Cleared recovery BCD successfully # WinRE uninstall step 3 succeeded: unregister winre.wim from recovery BCD. # WinRE uninstall step 4 succeeded: remove recovery related sequence from BCD. # WinRE uninstall step 5 completed with return value TRUE: remove validation task. # Exit WinReUnInstall returns 1 with last error: 0x0 # ------------------------------------------------------ # -----Exiting command line: reagentc /disable, Error: 0----- # ------------------------------------------------------ # ------------------------------------------------------ # -----Executing command line: reagentc /enable----- # ------------------------------------------------------ # Enter WinRECheckGuid # Parameter: TargetOsGuid: : NULL # Exit WinRECheckGuid return error code: 0x0 # Enter WinReInstall # Parameter: ReInstallBecauseOfBitlocker: 0 # --Install on target OS step 1: collect info like partition list, loading reagent.xml, source winre.wim and partition # Enumerate and log all fixed partitions: # --Partition info-- # VolumeName: \\?\Volume{4026de0d-3023-4508-840d-8d78ffec61a7}, PartitionName: \\?\GLOBALROOT\device\harddisk0\partition1 # Partition number: 1, offset: 1048576, free space: 198959104, total space: 268435456 # DiskNumber:0, DiskSignature:0, NTFS:0, Mbr:0, Active:0, Boot:0, BitlockerEnabled:0 # GPT partition GUID:: {C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B} # DiskId: {E5D22CC6-A837-4577-8981-0D420643FB2E} # --Partition info-- # VolumeName: \\?\Volume{d6050b3f-ecf8-40b1-b986-98d91fbfdaa9}, PartitionName: \\?\GLOBALROOT\device\harddisk0\partition4 # Partition number: 4, offset: 997993742336, free space: 2149855232, total space: 2204102656 # DiskNumber:0, DiskSignature:0, NTFS:1, Mbr:0, Active:0, Boot:0, BitlockerEnabled:0 # GPT partition GUID:: {DE94BBA4-06D1-4D40-A16A-BFD50179D6AC} # DiskId: {E5D22CC6-A837-4577-8981-0D420643FB2E} # --Partition info-- # VolumeName: \\?\Volume{6813f97b-19e6-46d9-88a5-c8807e892e9c}, PartitionName: \\?\GLOBALROOT\device\harddisk0\partition3 # Partition number: 3, offset: 290455552, free space: 933497659392, total space: 997703282688 # DiskNumber:0, DiskSignature:0, NTFS:1, Mbr:0, Active:0, Boot:1, BitlockerEnabled:0 # GPT partition GUID:: {EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7} # DiskId: {E5D22CC6-A837-4577-8981-0D420643FB2E} # Get downlevel ReAgent config # Downlevel config file path: \Recovery\ReAgentOld.xml # Checking for downlevel WinRE installation. # First round search # Get ReAgent config # GetReAgentConfig Config file path: C:\WINDOWS\system32\Recovery\ReAgent.xml # CheckRegKey test hook (SystemSetupInProgress) present and disabled # Update enhanced config info is enabled. # Failed to get recovery entries: 0xc0000225 # winreGetWinReGuid returning 0X490 # ReAgentConfig::ReadBcdAndUpdateEnhancedConfigInfo WinRE disabled, WinRE Guid could not be determined (0x490) # FindWinReSourceImageAndPartition No source winre.wim was specified. Checking for a staged winre.wim. # FindWinReSourceImageAndPartition using winre.wim from C:\WINDOWS\system32\Recovery # --Install on target OS step 2: detect and fix if there is any issue for winre settings # DetectAndFixWinReIssues nothing to do because winre is not enabled. # --Install on target OS step 3: check if we can keep winre.wim in the same partition if it is staged. # --Install on target OS step 4: check if we can put winre.wim in other partitions or create one if needed. # CanPutWinREOnOtherPartitions WinRE is not staged. Searching for a suitable partition for WinRE. # Entering FindTargetPartition # RegLoadKey $OFFLINE$SYSTEM failed. Error: 0x522. # Not allowed to repartition the disk # Start looping through each partition and initialize os partition, recovery partition and system partition for MBR # Checking partition at offset 1048576, partition number: 1 # skip GPT Partition which type is not PARTITION_MSFT_RECOVERY_GUID # Checking partition at offset 997993742336, partition number: 4 # MeetPartitionRequirements Partition details: {Offset: 997993742336, Free space: 2149855232, Total space: 2204102656} # MeetPartitionRequirements WinRE WIM size: 457941945 # MeetPartitionRequirements Required free space: 512467897 # partition meets requirements # NOTE: select partition because it meets WinRE requirements # Checking partition at offset 290455552, partition number: 3 # find OS partition # Complete looping through each partition # ----Search target partition option #1: try existing WinRE partition # ----Search target partition option #2: try first recovery partition # Found target partition: use the first recovery partition, offset: 997993742336 # Exit FindTargetPartition returns with status code: 0x0 # --Install on target OS step 5: set WinRE settings and restore system to a good state when hitting any errors # Enter SetWinRESettings # RegLoadKey $OFFLINE$SYSTEM failed. Error: 0x522. # Copying WinRE from C:\WINDOWS\system32\Recovery to staging location on \\?\GLOBALROOT\device\harddisk0\partition4 # RegLoadKey $OFFLINE$SYSTEM failed. Error: 0x522. # Copied WinRE to staging location # Creating BCD entry # WinRE created BCD entry: : {F74A5BFA-5F56-11ED-819B-80E82CE70328} # Moving Winre and boot.sdi from staging location to target # Moved Winre and boot.sdi from staging location to target # Updating reagent.xml # Set WinRE location path to: \Recovery\WindowsRE # Set recovery guid # Set scheduled operation: WinReNoOperation # Set OS build version: 19041.1.amd64fre.vb_release.191206-1406 # Set Wimboot state: 0 # Set install state to: enabled # Setting the recovery sequence for the target OS. # Unable to get default BCD object (0xc0000225), checking display order instead # Bootmgr has no default object set (0xc0000225), will use first display order entry instead # Couldn't get top of display order: 0xc0000225 # We will report success and exit because recovery BCD is not used at all. # Creating backup of reagent.xml # Created backup of reagent.xml # Configuring the WinRE validation task. # Failed to clear WIM file trusted state: 0x2 # Failed to clear WIM file hash: 0x2 # Update enhanced config info is enabled. # WinRE is installed # Loading boot index 1 # winreValidateWimFile took 78 ms. # WinReValidateRecoveryWimInternal took 2281 ms. # Completed the WinRE validation task. # Creating backup of customization file # Recovery file not found at C:\WINDOWS\system32\Recovery\ReCustomization.xml # winreBackupRecoveryFile (C:\WINDOWS\system32\Recovery\ReCustomization.xml, ReCustomization.xml) failed, Err: 2 # Created backup of customization file # Storing disk info in NVRAM # NVRAM update not necessary # Stored disk info in NVRAM # SetWinRESettings return with error code 0x0 # WinReInstallOnTargetOSInternal WinRE installation completed successfully. # Exit WinReInstall return value: 1, last error: 0x0 # Enter WinReSetConfig # Parameters: configWinDir: NULL # Update enhanced config info is enabled. # WinRE is installed # Exit WinReSetConfig return value: 1, last error: 0x0 # Clear non critical error when enabling auto repair # ------------------------------------------------------ # -----Exiting command line: reagentc /enable, Error: 0----- # ------------------------------------------------------ # ------------------------------------------------------ }} }} </div> <div style="background:papayawhip;margin:0px;padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;border:1px solid gray;"> ==Internal Links== *[[Windows_Recovery_with_an_Image|Wikibooks: Windows Recovery with an Image]] : More information related to installing images with the Recovery Environment ==External Links== *[https://download.microsoft.com/download/5/8/9/58911986-D4AD-4695-BF63-F734CD4DF8F2/ws-commands.pdf '''Microsoft: Command Line listing'''] : A long PDF listing and description of common dos commands. *[https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/deploy-windows-re?source=recommendations&view=windows-10 '''Microsoft: Deploy Windows RE'''] : Instruction set to correctly install the Windows Recovery Environment (RE). Explains the sequence of work in detail. *[https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-client/windows-security/disk-partition-requirement-use-windows-re-tool '''Microsoft: Partition Size and Suitability'''] :Advice on getting the recovery partition right prior to installation of the RE. *[https://support.microsoft.com/en-gb/topic/use-the-system-file-checker-tool-to-repair-missing-or-corrupted-system-files-79aa86cb-ca52-166a-92a3-966e85d4094e '''Microsoft: Use the System File Checker...'''] : Instructions for the use of sfc and DISM file checking tools. *[https://www.terabyteunlimited.com/kb/kb-articles/repairing-the-windows-recovery-environment-winre/ '''Terabyte: Repairing the Windows Recovery Environment'''] :A clearly written page on fixing the RE. Has notes on extracting files from an image. *[https://techofide.com/blogs/boot-menu-option-keys-for-all-computers-and-laptops-updated-list-2021-techofide '''Technofide: Boot Menu Option Keys for All Computers'''] : Useful list of boot menu startup keys for nearly all computer makes and models. *[http://www.partitionwizard.com/free-partition-manager.html '''MiniTool: Partition Wizard Free Edition'''] : One of the better free partition tools. Used to add letters, adjust sizes, and explore files in hidden partitions. *[https://www.windowslatest.com/2025/10/18/microsoft-confirms-windows-11-october-2025-update-breaks-winre-recovery-input/ '''Microsoft confirms Windows 11 October 2025 Update breaks WinRE (Recovery) input'''] : Description of a typical WinRE failure and instructions for a temporary fix. </div> {{shelves|Microsoft Windows}} bcxwgua7cadhcc967c8ztmr11xizru3 0 450626 4634620 4438613 2026-05-07T09:52:13Z ShakespeareFan00 46022 4634620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{rfd|Salute, Jonathan! and its translations}} {{center|<big>'''Salut, Ionatano! Scuian by the Direct Method'''</big>}} '''Salut, ionatano!''' (Hello, Jonathan!) is the story of a young Englishman who goes to visit his friend in another European country...or so it would seem. “Salut, ionatano” ê la storia dî un omin îngleza chi vat por visider la sea amic în una paieza altra Ueropal… u asî parescat. == Capitul un == === 1 maiea === Un omin stat în un citad. L’omin scribat un iurnâl. L’omin vedat un citad. L’omin stat în un citad? Sic, el stat în un citad. L’omin stat... în un omin? Non, el no stat în un omin. Stat în un citad. L’omin stat în un trin? Non, el no stat în un trin. Stat în un citad. L’omin stat în un citad. L’omin scribat un iurnâl? Sic, el scribat un iurnâl. La iurnâl scribat l’omin? Non, la iurnâl no scribat l’omin. Un iurnâl no scribat. Un omin scribat. L’omin scribat la iurnâl. La citad vedat l’omin? Non, la citad no vedat l’omin. Un citad no vedat. Un omin vedat. L’omin vedat la citad? Sic, l’omin vedat la citad. Ub stat l’omin? El stat în un citad. Che l’omin scribat? El scribat un iurnâl. Che l’omin vedat? El vedat un citad. El stat în un citad, e el scribat un iurnâl, e el vedat un citad. L’omin stat în un iurnâl? Non, el scribat în un iurnâl. L’omin vedat un omin? Non, el no vedat un omin; vedat un citad. L’omin ê grand. L’omin ê bon, e l’omin ê înteleient. El pensat. Pensat nel citad. Pensat: “Che ê la citad? La citad ê bon? La citad ê grand?” L’omin scribat un citad? Non, el no scribat un citad; un citad ê grand. El scribat un iurnâl; un iurnâl no ê grand. La iurnâl pensat nel omin? Non, un iurnâl no pensat. Un omin pensat. Pensat nel iurnâl, e pensat nel citad. E el scribat nel iurnâl. El scribat supche la citad. Scribat: “La citad ê bon, e la citad ê grand.” Pensat: “La citad ê bon”; el pensat che la citad ê bon. Pensat: “La citad ê grand”; el pensat che la citad ê grand. Pensat nel citad, e pensat nel iurnâl. Che ê la iurnâl? La iurnâl, cê ubche l’omin scribat; scribat nel iurnâl. Nel iurnâl, l’omin scribat supche la citad. Nel iurnâl, l’omin no scribat supche la trin; l’omin stat nel citad, no nel trin. No pensat nel trin, pensat nel citad, la citad Munich. Che ê la citad? Cê Munich. Ub stat Munich? Cê ubche l’omin stat. Ub stat l’omin? El stat în Munich. Sic, Munich ê un grand citad, e un bon citad. L’omin pensat che Munich ê un bon citad, e pensat che cê un grand citad. L’omin ê înteleient. Dicat: “Salut, Munich.” El ê un bon omin! L’omin stat e pensat: “Ub stat la trin?” El vedat… vedat la trin. Pensat: “La trin!” El nî pensat nel iurnâl, e nî pensat-el nel citad. Pensat nel trin! == Capitul dua == === 2 maiea === Aior l’omin stat nel trin. No stat in Munich; stat în un trin. El vagat. Pensat: “Aior io vagam dî Munich a Viena. Cê una bona vagaia. Mi încandan le vagaie.” El pensat nel Munich. Pensat: “Aior stam nel trin, mî aier stim în Munich. E aior scribam un iurnâl nel trin, mî aier scribim un iurnâl în Munich. E aior pensam nel trin, mî aier pensim în Munich. Aier io pensim nel Munich în Munich, e aior pensam în Viena nel trin. Aior stam nel trin, no în Viena. Mî io pensam în e scribam supche Viena.” L’omin pensat aior în Munich? Non, aior l’omin no pensat în Munich, pensat nel trin. Aier pensô în Munich. Dicat: “Salut, trin!” L’omin stat nel trin, e el vagat a un citad. La citad no ê Munich; Munich ê la citad dî aier. La citad ê Viena; Viena ê la citad dî oiurn. L’omin pensat în Munich e Viena. Pensat: “Munich sô la citad dî aier, e Munich sô bon. Aior cê oiurn, e io stam în un trin; la trin ê bon. Viena vat a ser bon?” L’omin pensat în Munich; Munich sô la citad dî aier. El pensat nel trin; stat nel trin oiurn. E el pensat în Viena; Viena vat a ser la citad dî demagn. E el pensat: “Munich sô grand. La trin ê grand. Viena vat a ser grand?” E el pensat: “În Munich scribim un iurnâl. Nel trin scribam un iurnâl. În Viena, vam a scriber un iurnâl? Sic, demagn în Viena, io vam a scriber un iurnâl. Mi încandan le iurnâle.” L’omin pensat muld (el pensat muld = el pensat e pensat e pensat) e el scribat muld. Sic, el ê un omin înteleient. Le omine înteleient scriban muld e pensan muld. Ê Ionatano; Ionatano ê un omin înteleient. Scribat: “io som ionatano. Stam în un trin. Aier io stim în Munich; demagn io vam a ster în Viena.” El pensat, e scribat: “La trin… cê bon, mî vel. No cê nov, cê vel. În Munich le trine son vel? Sic, în Munich le trine son vel. Mî le trine dî Munich son bon, e mi încandan le trine dî Munich. Aier mi încandô la trin în Munich, e oiurn mi încandat la trin aior, e demagn vat a încandermi la trin în Viena. Mi încandan trine!” ionatano scribat: “Munich ê un citad bon e un citad vel, e Viena ê un citad bon e un citad vel. Munich e Viena no son nov, mî son bon. Munich e Viena son vel, mî bone citade. Le citade no son nov, mî bon. Mi încandan le citade!” ionatano pensat, che la second iurn del vagaia ê bon. Dicat: “Oiurn sô un bon second iurn del vagaia. Mi încandan le vagaie!” == Capitul tra == === 2 maiea === ionatano stat în Viena: la citad dî Viena. ionatano pensat che Viena ê bon, e che Viena ê bel. ionatano no pensat che Viena ê desbel, pensat che Viena ê bel. Dicat: “Viena ê un bel citad! Ci vam a scriber.” E scribat nel iurnâl supche Viena. Nel iurnâl scribat: “La mea iurn terz ê for bon! Nel iurn second io stim în Munich. Mî aior stam în Viena; Viena no ê Munich. Munich ê Viena son due citade; Munich no ê Viena e Viena no ê Munich. Stam în Viena e la citad ê for bel. Mi încandat Viena; la citad no ê desbel. Che bel ê Viena! Mî io tenam una problema.” Chi? ionatano tenat una problema. Cuâl problema? Aior no vedat la iurnâl, vedat la citad e pensat. El pensat muld nel problema. La problema dî ionatano, cê che a lui la încandat Viena, mî el no tenat tempor. Pensat: “Hm. Aior son le septe (7) ore. Al deze (10) ore la trin pardat. Deze ore min septe ore facat tre ore. Tre ore no ê belcop dî tempor por un bel citad! No tenam tempor. Tener tempor ê bon, mî no lo tenam. Scriber un iurnâl ê bon, mî no tenam tempor por scriberlo! Che facer în Viena?” Pensat: “io no tenam muld tempor. Che facer – scriber un iurnâl, u comer, u vider la citad? Che vam a facer?” Pensat plu, e dicat: “Tenam una bona idea! Un moment… io pensam. La mea trin pardat al deze ore. Ci at un trin plu tard, a unze (11) ore, u duze (12), trize (13), cuatorze (14), u cuinze (15) ore?” Vedat… sic! Ci at un trin che pardat al cuinze ore. Aior ionatano stat felix. ionatano dicat: “Cuinz (15) min sept (7) facat oxt (8). Aior tenam oxte ore dî tempor. Che vam a facer?” El dicat: “Sapam! Vam a comer un bistec. E vam a beber un cerviz. Un moment… no, vam a beber due cervize, u tri cervize. Bona idea!” Aior ionatano bebat un cerviz în Viena, e comat un bistec. El stat felix. Dicat: “Che felix stam-io! Mi încandat la citad dî Viena. Che mi los încandan le vagaie!” {{Hello, Jonathan!}} {{Alphabetical|S}} {{status|0%}} 7df3s7d00f7dw14uhmrb0a2ypcfqcjz 102 451100 4634493 4221369 2026-05-06T18:50:51Z NoraVisser 3581702 New recipe: shakshuka, eggs poached in spiced tomato-pepper sauce, Middle Eastern classic 4634493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cookbook|Eggs|Middle Eastern cuisine}} {{Cookbook recipe | yield = 4 servings | time = 35 minutes | difficulty = Easy }} '''Shakshuka''' (also spelled ''shakshouka'') is a one-pan Middle Eastern and North African dish of eggs poached directly in a spiced tomato and pepper sauce. It is traditionally served for breakfast or brunch, scooped up with crusty bread. ==Ingredients== * 3 tablespoons olive oil * 1 large onion, diced * 1 red bell pepper, diced * 1 green bell pepper, diced * 4 cloves garlic, minced * 1 teaspoon ground cumin * 1 teaspoon sweet paprika * ½ teaspoon smoked paprika * ¼ teaspoon cayenne pepper (or to taste) * 800 g (28 oz) crushed tomatoes * Salt and black pepper, to taste * 6 large eggs * 60 g (2 oz) feta cheese, crumbled, to serve * Small handful fresh parsley or coriander (cilantro), chopped, to serve * Crusty bread or pita, to serve ==Procedure== # Heat olive oil in a large, deep skillet or sauté pan over medium heat. Add onion and both bell peppers; cook 8 minutes until softened. # Add garlic, cumin, sweet paprika, smoked paprika, and cayenne. Stir 1 minute until fragrant. # Add crushed tomatoes. Season with salt and pepper. Stir well and bring to a simmer. # Reduce heat to medium-low. Simmer the sauce 10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until slightly thickened. # Use the back of a spoon to make 6 small wells in the sauce. Crack an egg into each well. # Cover the pan with a lid. Cook 6–8 minutes until egg whites are set but yolks are still runny, or longer if firmer yolks are preferred. # Remove from heat. Scatter feta and fresh herbs over the top. Serve immediately from the pan with bread. ==Notes, tips, and variations== * For a richer sauce, add 2 tablespoons of harissa paste with the spices. * Stir in a handful of baby spinach just before adding the eggs. * A heavy, oven-safe skillet (cast iron) can be used: cover with foil and finish in a 180°C (350°F) oven for 8–10 minutes for even, restaurant-style eggs. [[Category:Egg recipes]] [[Category:Breakfast recipes]] [[Category:Vegetarian recipes]] [[Category:Middle Eastern cuisine]] 3ijutolnrale800gzxpz7q50ueh935v 0 469264 4634447 4631456 2026-05-06T15:03:01Z JCrue 2226064 format, history 4634447 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Opening Theory/Position |name=Brentano gambit |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C60]] |parent=[[../|Spanish game]] }} == 3...g5? · Brentano gambit == {{Chess/sideline}} An interesting move where Black threatens ...g4 to push the knight back, and to start a pawn assault if White castles. '''4. d4!''' is the best move. This discovers an attack on g5 with the bishop while attacking the e5 square, the purpose being that now White is threatening 5. Nxg5 to just win the pawn, and if 4...g4? 5. Nxe5 is supported. '''4. h3?!''' is more conservative, preventing ...g4 but is otherwise passive. '''4. O-O?!''' allows 4...g4 5. Ne1 and White's position is far from comfortable. === History === Analysis of the line was published by Franz Brentano in ''Wiener Schachzeitung'' in 1900.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Neue Vertheidigung der spanischen Partie (New Defence to the Spanish Game) |journal=Wiener Schachzeitung |last=Brentano |first=Franz |url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=sze&datum=1900&page=105&size=45 |volume=4/5 |pages=97-103 |year=1900 |editor-last=Marco |editor-first=Georg}}</ref> 3...g5 was tried by Carl Schlechter against Richard Teichmann in 1904.<ref>[https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1293577 Teichmann vs Schlechter, 1904. Chessgames.com]</ref> The game went into the line 4. d4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 exd4 6. Qxd4 Qf6. {{chessMid}} == References== {{reflist}} {{ChessFooter}} s93h0pej7jde3h7br395prwr7730lvt 4634448 4634447 2026-05-06T15:04:31Z JCrue 2226064 /* History */ wikilinks 4634448 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Opening Theory/Position |name=Brentano gambit |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C60]] |parent=[[../|Spanish game]] }} == 3...g5? · Brentano gambit == {{Chess/sideline}} An interesting move where Black threatens ...g4 to push the knight back, and to start a pawn assault if White castles. '''4. d4!''' is the best move. This discovers an attack on g5 with the bishop while attacking the e5 square, the purpose being that now White is threatening 5. Nxg5 to just win the pawn, and if 4...g4? 5. Nxe5 is supported. '''4. h3?!''' is more conservative, preventing ...g4 but is otherwise passive. '''4. O-O?!''' allows 4...g4 5. Ne1 and White's position is far from comfortable. === History === Analysis of the line was published by Franz Brentano in ''Wiener Schachzeitung'' in 1900.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Neue Vertheidigung der spanischen Partie (New Defence to the Spanish Game) |journal=Wiener Schachzeitung |last=Brentano |first=Franz |url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=sze&datum=1900&page=105&size=45 |volume=4/5 |pages=97-103 |year=1900 |editor-last=Marco |editor-first=Georg}}</ref> 3...g5 was tried by [[w:Carl Schlechter|Carl Schlechter]] against [[w:Richard Teichmann|Richard Teichmann]] in 1904.<ref>[https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1293577 Teichmann vs Schlechter, 1904. Chessgames.com]</ref> The game went into the line 4. d4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 exd4 6. Qxd4 Qf6. {{chessMid}} == References== {{reflist}} {{ChessFooter}} r6xk10i601bbd8r7vngwr6pellcs7l5 4634449 4634448 2026-05-06T15:05:36Z JCrue 2226064 /* History */ 4634449 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Opening Theory/Position |name=Brentano gambit |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C60]] |parent=[[../|Spanish game]] }} == 3...g5? · Brentano gambit == {{Chess/sideline}} An interesting move where Black threatens ...g4 to push the knight back, and to start a pawn assault if White castles. '''4. d4!''' is the best move. This discovers an attack on g5 with the bishop while attacking the e5 square, the purpose being that now White is threatening 5. Nxg5 to just win the pawn, and if 4...g4? 5. Nxe5 is supported. '''4. h3?!''' is more conservative, preventing ...g4 but is otherwise passive. '''4. O-O?!''' allows 4...g4 5. Ne1 and White's position is far from comfortable. === History === Analysis of the line was published by Franz Brentano in ''Wiener Schachzeitung'' in 1900.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Neue Vertheidigung der spanischen Partie (New Defence to the Spanish Game) |journal=Wiener Schachzeitung |last=Brentano |first=Franz |url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=sze&datum=1900&page=105&size=45 |volume=4/5 |pages=97-103 |year=1900 |editor-last=Marco |editor-first=Georg |language=German}}</ref> 3...g5 was tried by [[w:Carl Schlechter|Carl Schlechter]] against [[w:Richard Teichmann|Richard Teichmann]] in 1904.<ref>[https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1293577 Teichmann vs Schlechter, 1904. Chessgames.com]</ref> The game went into the line 4. d4 Nxd4 5. Nxd4 exd4 6. Qxd4 Qf6. {{chessMid}} == References== {{reflist}} {{ChessFooter}} 4j3prprikf7ed5safpe0wcwkwrifsfh 0 481710 4634424 4634082 2026-05-06T12:53:00Z Shira the Mogul 3560559 /* Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae */ 4634424 wikitext text/x-wiki __notoc__ Welcome to the Wikibook for Literary Chinese (Known as 漢文 "Han Language" in East Asia or 文言 "Literary Language" in China), aimed at individuals hoping to gain a general knowledge of it before progressing into genres they wish to be acquainted with. This is not the [[Classical Chinese]] textbook, which is aimed at Chinese Zhou-Qin era texts. This text aims to shed light on post-Zhou-Qin texts across East Asia, which mimic those texts. It does so through a "buffet" approach, showering you, the reader, with an ocean of texts of myriad genre. ==Table of Contents== === Front matter === * [[/Introduction/]] * [[/Appendices/]] === Useful resources === These are quick grab-bags that can be useful for vocabulary-building. * [[/Antonym List/]] <!--- 文/武，大/小，厚/薄，橫/縱...---> * [[/Collocation Groups/]] <!--- e.g. 四象，三靈…… ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等 Yan Fu's Qing-era translations for modern terms] <!--- Wikiversity has this (https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等) and the below, I will effectively be translating a lot of it! ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/上古語考輯 Communicative Terms] <!--- this will be translated eventually, but right now it's bad to just leave this here. ---> === Useful primers === Across history, many primers have been made for teaching Literary Chinese to children. These are a few that are recommended for use alongside this work, ideally in flashcards. * [https://www.fdgwz.org.cn/Web/Show/11308 倉頡篇] - Cangjie's Chapters, the earliest one. It is extant, but incomplete. It contains several rare characters, and so if used, I would personally recommend doing so later, or out of interest. * 三字經 - The Three Character Classic, an excellent piece for Confucian education. Pair with 弟子规 for best results. ** 三字經（太平天國版）- For Christians, there is a version made by Hong Xiuquan from the Taiping Rebellion. Despite the context, it is a legitimately useful primer and can be used to self-teach for the Delegate's Edition of the Christian Bible. * 千字文 - The Thousand Character Classic, a remarkable piece of constrained writing that only uses each character once. Amazing for building vocabulary whilst seeing historical allusions and the like. * 五字鑑 - The Five-Character Mirror, essentially the 24 Histories of China compressed into a primer. Uses 5-character couplets, the longest in this list. * 龍文鞭影 - The Shadow of Longwen's Whip, a historical allusion trainer. Best paired with a context piece. ===Unit 0: The Han script=== This unit is intended for those with no familiarity of the Han script. It will prepare you for the units ahead, teaching largely pictographic characters. By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around 30 characters. * Understand how characters are composed and how this gives them meaning. * Have a basic idea of how to handwrite and/or type characters. * Know some bare basics of Literary Chinese grammar (e.g. Basic word order, where adjectives go, lack of "is", 有...) Lessons: # [[/An Introduction to the Han Script/]] # [[/People, Big and Small/]] # [[/What are Chinese characters, anyway?/]] <!--- deploy several single-radical texts---> # [[/How do we write Chinese?/]] # [[/Tilling the Fields with 有/]] # [[/The Sun and the Moon/]] # [[/Weapons and Metals/]] # [[/Recognizing Phonetics/]] <!--- time to deploy my one-syllable articles! ---> # [[/Cangjie Created Characters/]] ===Unit 1: Basic Skills=== This unit is intended for those with minimal familiarity with the Han script and no familiarity with Literary Chinese. There is a focus on simple structures, skills for dissecting common textual structures, and short-form poetry in this unit. Before starting this unit, students should: * Recognise around ~30 characters. * Can use Cangjie input. * Have given Unit 0 a cursory glance. <br> By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around ~100 characters. * Comprehend numbers, the Heavenly Stems, and the Earthly Branches, and be able to use them to quantify time and date. * Intuit the basic topic -> comment idea behind Literary Chinese. "This, it is..." * Understand basic function words such as 也, 而, 有, and 謂. Lessons: # [[/The All-Purpose 也/]] # [[/An Introduction to Chinese Numbers/]] <!--- It is hard to find authentic materials for this ---> # [[/One, Two, Left, and Right with Gongsun Long/]] <!--- 曰：「二有一乎？」 曰：「二無一。」 曰：「二有右乎？」 曰：「二無右。」 曰：「二有左乎？」 曰：「二無左。」 曰：「右可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左與右可謂二乎？」 曰：「可。」 ---> # [[/The Heavenly Stems/]] <!--- Introduce ordinals, which will be used to demonstrate sentence patterns later. ---> # [[/Tell the Time with Earthly Branches/]] <!--- Introduce verbs and timekeeping ---> # [[/Lunar Dates with the Spring and Autumn Annals/]] <!--- Vocabulary: 歲，年，朔，月，日，來，前，初，正，春秋夏冬，曆，上，下. Consider including traditional names for months in a list. ---> # [[/Skimming for Major Events in Historical Annals/]] <!--- Don't simply use Confucius's Chunqiu: We can use texts inspired by it. E.g. 三國史記 - 十五年京城旱。秋七月，蝗。very few new characters, lots one can use. Instantly able to use. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B701 Skimming annals is very possible and a very useful skill. Don't skip out on it. Teach students to skim read!!! ---> # [[/Dinner with the Daimyo/]] <!-- 侍宴·大友皇子 皇明光日月，帝徳載天地。 三才併秦昌，万国表臣義。 --> # [[/In Discourse with Jibong/]] <!-- 芝峰類說 倭國謂田爲畠。謂水田爲田。火田爲畑。猶我國以水田爲畓也。故官名有畠山殿。地名有畑島云。 --> # [[/Shinto FAQ with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%81%93%E5%95%8F%E5%B0%8D 眞道問對 本田親徳 really good way of operationalising 乎 and much of the early grammar. 問 天帝無始無終乎。 對 天帝無始無終也。 旣以無始無終之力 與無始無終之體 造無始無終之萬物。 其功亦無始無終也。 問 天地大原在道乎。 對 天地大原實在道。 鬼神依道而立。 人民依道而活。 萬物依道而息。 This is great! ---> <!--- Some cool stuff I saw someone studying from https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B3%E6%BD%AD%E8%A8%98# https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%88%9F%E8%A8%98 Could be used for period focus ---> ===Unit 2: An Overview of Sinitic Poetry=== This unit will teach you how Sinitic Poetry operates; - that is, the way individuals in the Sinosphere compose poetry in Literary Chinese. Despite this language's fall out of favour in the past century, this tradition is still remarkably alive and well, and their short length makes them more accessible than elaborate prose. In this unit, you will begin from the ''Classic of Poetry'' before travelling through poems from the Tang dynasty, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, the Ryukyu Kingdom, and Korea. When introducing poetry, I will furthermore use the language from the nation it is from to show how it is recited by its people. After discussing the Classic of Poetry, we will also be a small detour into a discussion on Ping-Ze 平仄, the Tang dynasty system of alternating tones, so to produce rhyme on tonal and phonological levels. This had a major impact on Literary Chinese poetry as a whole! By the end of this Unit, students will: * Recognise around 120 more characters. * Be able to explain how Sinitic Poetry rhymes and the themes it contains. * Be able to use function words such as 在, 無, 不, 聿, and 于/於 in poetic contexts. * Recognise the switch between 吾/我 in the subject-object positions and demonstrate it in usage. * (Chinese speakers) Be able to differentiate 于 and 於, and understand the "interest(ed) in" meaning of 好 in most circumstances. <!--- Summary of the above part about 于 and 於 for other editors: 于 and 於 were distinct words for an extremely long time and were still such to Literary Chinese writers. Their "merging" through Simplified-Traditional Chinese distinctions is a very modern thing. I will summarise their usages here, using Pulleyblank's Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar (2000); * 于 - This can mean "to go" or "to/at". 黃鳥于飛 "The yellow birds go flying". Must be post-verbal. It can also appear in 至于. * 於 - This is an all-purpose locative preposition - from "on/at/in" to "from" or even "than" (甲於乙). The implication of motion is not there at all. Must be pre-verbal. It can also appear in 之於 or be an archaic noun for a crow 於 (烏). ---> Lessons: # [[/Across the Rivers with Emperor Puliuru Guang/]] <!--- 春江花月夜·楊廣 夜露含花氣，春潭漾月暉。 漢水逢遊女，湘川值二妃。 This is really simple and can elucidate Ping-Ze easily. ---> # [[/To Study the Odes/]] <!-- 蟋蟀·姬旦 國風·唐風 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其莫。今我不樂，日月其除。無已大康，職思其居。好樂無荒，良士瞿瞿。 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其逝。今我不樂，日月其邁。無已大康，職思其外。好樂無荒，良士蹶蹶。 蟋蟀在堂，役車其休。今我不樂，日月其慆。無已大康，職思其憂。好樂無荒，良士休休。 --> <!-- 黃鳥 小雅·鴻鴈之什 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于穀，無啄我粟。 此邦之人，不我肯穀。言旋言歸，復我邦族。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于桑，無啄我粱。 此邦之人，不可與明。言旋言歸，復我諸兄。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于栩，無啄我黍。 此邦之人，不可與處。言旋言歸，復我諸父。 --> # [[/A Detour into Orthodox Ping-Ze/]] <!--- 平 and 仄 are useful characters themselves. Show 仄 in the binomes 反仄，歉仄，逼仄 as it's often difficult to immediately use ---> # [[/The Restraint of Du Fu/]] # [[/The Longing of Li Bai/]] # [[/The Environment with Bukha Timur/]] <!--- 西湖竹枝詞·布哈特穆爾 湖上春歸人未歸，桃紅柳緑黄鶯飛。 桃花落時多結子，楊花落處秪沾衣。 宫词·布哈特穆爾 玉樓珠箔晚天涼，秋色依稀滿建章。 金井梧桐霜葉盡，自隨流水出宮牆。 Mongol writer from the Uyghur Kingdom of Gaochang Spammed Ctrl+F in https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E9%81%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%9D%E8%A9%A9_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC) ---> # [[/Pillow Talk with Guan Yunshi/]] <!--- 紅繡鞋·貫雲石 挨著靠著雲窗同坐，偎著抱著月枕雙歌，聽著數著愁著怕著早四更過。四更過情未足，情未足夜如梭。天哪，更閏一更兒妨甚么！ Uyghur author! ---> # [[/Buddhist Philosophy with Ngô Chân Lưu and Taisei Shōan/]] <!-- 元火·吳真流 木中元有火，元火復還生。 若為木無火，鉆燧何有萌。--> <!-- 杜鵑·大成聖安 夢覚孤床静 杜鵑帯雨飛 一声来近枕 何者不沾衣 --> # [[/Odes with Mō Taiei and Zheng Chengxun/]] <!-- 詠松·毛泰永 植體宜千仞，垂陰動百尋。 李膺真烈烈，和嶠自森森。 桃李何堪較，雪霜安得侵。 萬年身不老，種子又成林。 AKA Inoha Seiki 伊野波 盛紀 --> <!-- 詠班蘭·鄭成勛 南國多芳草，班蘭最有名。 深根將綠茁，長葉亦叢生。 取味迎賓合，入厨任水烹。 可憐經一用，擲棄不留情。 鄭成勛《樵隱詩集》 https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/dsprojects/sg-jiutishi/poem/827 --> # [[/On a Journey with Sa Dula/]] <!--- 無題·薩都剌 為客三年海上洲，故鄉何處瘴雲稠。 數千里外蠻人域，十八灘頭過客舟。 時有山禽呼姓字，或從海鳥作朋儔。 故人珂珮周旋處，紫殿風清十二樓。 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%A1%8C_(%E8%96%A9%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C) A naturalised Mongol scholar who made a beautiful poem. This'll be a capstone. ---> <!--- 朝中措·襄陽古道灞陵橋 襄陽古道灞陵橋，詩興與秋高。 千古風流人物，一時多少雄豪。 霜清玉塞，雲飛隴首，風落江皋。 夢到鳳凰台上，山圍故國周遭。 北郊晚步 陂水荷凋晚，茅檐燕去涼。 遠林明落景，平麓淡秋光。 群牧歸村巷，孤禽立野航。 自諳閑散樂，園圃意尤長。 Jurchen poet and grandson of Emperor Shizong of Jin. He's a Zen Buddhist, so we'll go back to him later. ---> ===Unit 3: Confucianism and the World=== This is a Confucian-themed unit with a smattering of other items. You will see the odd geography of the past, early linguistic philosophy, and terrifying breakaway states! By the end of this unit, students should be able to: * Recognise around 200+ characters. * Read basic annals and histories with some dictionary assistance, and comprehend 3-character structures reliably. * Have encountered basic grammatical points such as 之、乎、者、也、而、則、乃、所、以、於、于、與、且、蓋、and 夫. ** 於 and 于 should be distinguishable. * Survive a text of at least 250 characters and read for gist. Lessons: # [[/A Brief Overview of Confucianism/]] # [[/The Mountains with Yelü Tuyu/]] <!--- 立木海上刻詩 耶律圖欲 / 耶律倍 / 李贊華 小山壓大山，大山全無力。 羞見故鄉人，從此投外國。 ---> # [[/Is a White Horse a Horse?/]]<!-- Teach negation with 非 in 公孙龍子 and compare with 不 --> # [[/The Three Character Classic/]] # [[/Expressing Filial Conduct with Confucius and Hara Saihin/]] <!-- 次韻杏坪先生 父執有君孤不孤 相依遍接搢紳徒 区区自抱地方寸 杏杏重遊天一隅 羇雁飛鳴迷汝國 家人思夢入江都 如教志業青年遂 世上寧無逐臭夫 --> # [[/Confucianism and the Environment with Sai On/]]<!-- 木假山記 --> # [[/In Debate with Mencius/]] ===Unit 4: Women's Writing=== In this unit, women's writing from various areas of China will be explored. This is chiefly targeted at poetry and the themes within; from the feminine voice of the Classic of Poetry to the remonstrance towards the Khitan Emperor Tianzuo of Jin by his Consort Dasese. The role of women in courtly society is to be elucidated here! # [[/An Unmarried Life with Heo Nansŏrhŏn/]] <!--- 貧女吟 豈是乏容色。工鍼復工織。 少小長寒門。良媒不相識。 夜久織未休。戛戛鳴寒機。 機中一匹練。終作阿誰衣。 手把金翦刀。夜寒十指直。 爲人作嫁衣。年年還獨宿。 ---> # [[/Responding to Lord Trần with Hồ Xuân Hương/]] <!--- Responding to 陳光靜 Trần Quang Tĩnh 《和陳侯》 愧無才調使人驚，十載風塵貫耳鈴。 已是臨枰知敵手，莫須敲月苦殫精。 為輪為彈隨遭遇，誰鳳誰鶯任賦生。 造物於人何苟惜，明珠休向暗中呈。 莫須 is an important structure to teach here. ---> # [[/Gaze into the Autumn Night with Taisei Shōan/]] <!--- 秋夜偶成·大成聖安 長天浮爽気，月色興無窮 群犬吠山径，百蟲啼野風 悲秋秋夜永，感古古今同 自是孤窓下，凄然万慮空 ---> # [[/Visiting a Temple with Yu Xuanji/]] <!--- 遊崇真觀南樓覩新及第題名處 雲峰滿目放春晴，歷歷銀鈎指下生。 自恨羅衣掩詩句，擧頭空羨榜中名。 ---> # [[/Remonstrance with Dasese/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AB%B7%E8%AB%AB%E6%AD%8C 諷諫歌·大瑟瑟 勿嗟塞上兮暗紅塵。 勿傷多難兮畏夷人。 不如塞奸邪之路兮選取賢臣。 直須臥薪嚐膽兮激壯士之捐身。 可以朝清漠北兮夕枕燕雲。 Dasese (or 萧瑟瑟) was a Khitan consort to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao. She remonstrated him as the Jurchens were beginning to encroach upon the Khitan, and was forced to commit suicide for her remonstrance. Tianzuo would soon pay for his malfeasance. ---> # [[/The Love Songs of the Odes/]] <!--- 褰裳 子惠思我，褰裳涉溱。子不我思，豈無他人？狂童之狂也且！ 子惠思我，褰裳涉洧。子不我思，豈無他士？狂童之狂也且！ 柏舟 彼柏舟，在彼中河，髧彼兩髦，實維我儀，之死矢靡它，母也天只，不諒人只。 汎彼柏舟，在彼河側，髧彼兩髦，實維我特，之死矢靡慝，母也天只，不諒人只。 行露 厭浥行露，豈不夙夜，謂行多露。 誰謂雀無角？何以穿我屋？誰謂女無家？何以速我獄？雖速我獄，室家不足。 誰謂鼠無牙？何以穿我墉？誰謂女無家？何以速我訟？雖速我訟，亦不女從。 ---> # [[/Rules for Women with Ban Zhao/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%AA%A1 ---> # [[/The Tragedy of Cai Wenji/]] <!--- 悲憤詩 〔兩漢〕蔡文姬 漢季失權柄，董卓亂天常。 志欲圖篡弒，先害諸賢良。 逼迫遷舊邦，擁主以自強。 海內興義師，欲共討不祥。 卓眾來東下，金甲耀日光。 平土人脆弱，來兵皆胡羌。 獵野圍城邑，所向悉破亡。 斬截無孑遺，屍骸相撐拒。 馬邊懸男頭，馬後載婦女。 長驅西入關，迥路險且阻。 還顧邈冥冥，肝脾為爛腐。 所略有萬計，不得令屯聚。 或有骨肉俱，欲言不敢語。 失意幾微間，輒言斃降虜。 要當以亭刃，我曹不活汝。 豈復惜性命，不堪其詈罵。 或便加棰杖，毒痛參並下。 旦則號泣行，夜則悲吟坐。 欲死不能得，欲生無一可。 彼蒼者何辜，乃遭此厄禍。 邊荒與華異，人俗少義理。 處所多霜雪，胡風春夏起。 翩翩吹我衣，肅肅入我耳。 感時念父母，哀嘆無窮已。 有客從外來，聞之常歡喜。 迎問其消息，輒復非鄉里。 邂逅徼時願，骨肉來迎己。 己得自解免，當復棄兒子。 天屬綴人心，念別無會期。 存亡永乖隔，不忍與之辭。 兒前抱我頸，問母欲何之。 人言母當去，豈復有還時。 阿母常仁惻，今何更不慈。 我尚未成人，奈何不顧思。 見此崩五內，恍惚生狂痴。 號泣手撫摩，當發復回疑。 兼有同時輩，相送告離別。 慕我獨得歸，哀叫聲摧裂。 馬為立踟躕，車為不轉轍。 觀者皆噓唏，行路亦嗚咽。 去去割情戀，遄征日遐邁。 悠悠三千里，何時復交會。 念我出腹子，匈臆為摧敗。 既至家人盡，又復無中外。 城廓為山林，庭宇生荊艾。 白骨不知誰，縱橫莫覆蓋。 出門無人聲，豺狼號且吠。 煢煢對孤景，怛吒糜肝肺。 登高遠眺望，魂神忽飛逝。 奄若壽命盡，旁人相寬大。 為復強視息，雖生何聊賴。 託命於新人，竭心自勖勵。 流離成鄙賤，常恐復捐廢。 人生幾何時，懷憂終年歲。 ---> ===Unit 5: Myths and Legends of East Asia=== <!--- Shanhaijing, Zibuyu... Etc. Zhiguai literature. This aims to provide a counterpoint to what Confucius wouldn't discuss - thus Zibuyu. Going straight into Daoism isn't ideal. ---> # [[/Exploring the World of Mountains and Seas/]]<!-- Structure: 出焉 --> # [[/Oh, the Qilin!/]] <!--- Even here, the odes can be studied! ---> # [[/Ultimate Justice with Xiezhi/]] # [[/The Virtue of the Fenghuang/]] # [[/The Entrapment of Hua Po/]] # [[/Nüwa Created the World/]] ===Unit 6: Nation Focus - Japan=== # [[/The Inariyama Sword/]] <!--- short and sweet! ---> # [[/Entering Japan with Takeda Shingen/]] <!--- 便面蘆間有漁·武田信玄 山色水光烟接天，漁翁江上棹蘆辺 丹青若写得勝景，万里風波一釣船 便面半月照梅花·武田信玄 蘆葦清風垂頂絲，窺魚白鷺水生涯 江南記得曾遊夕，似見梨花院落時 島森哲男. (2015). 武田信玄漢詩校釈. 宮城教育大学紀要, 49, 333–352. https://mue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/440 似 is a really useful thing to teach early on. ---> # [[/The Oldest Inscription in Japan/]] <!--- 宇治橋断碑 ---> # [[/Remembering Conflict with Nakajima Noburu/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/6faa4d3e57a24e542db0375894f0ead5503218bb ---> # [[/Shinto Teachings with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%9F 本田親徳 道之大原 ---> # [[/The Diary of Fujiwara no Teika/]] <!--- 明月記 ---> # [[/Reading the History of Japan with Prince Toneri/]] <!--- 日本書記, etc. ---> <!--- # [[/Occupying Taiwan/]] ---> <!--- I have some colonial literature on me that can be used here. ---> ===Unit 7: Nation Focus - Korea=== <!--- 三國史記 for sure! ---> <!--- 放蟬賦 by Yi Kyubo ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%A0%A4%E9%BD%8B%E9%81%BA%E7%A8%BF 頤齋遺稿 黃胤錫 Joseon scholar! ---> # [[/An Elegy to the Empress with Choe Ja/]] <!--- Choe Ja 元德大后輓詞·崔滋（최자） 乾極曾客配,坤儀正體元。 枕前朝聖主,帳底見曾孫。 陰慘俄沉月,屋悲便沒軒。 三韓千古淚,七十九年恩。 ---> # [[/Language Reform with Sejong the Great/]] <!--- 訓民正音 https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/1ef2b42cc50055affaa5ef39c61b87ed31c34a60 multiple poems and descriptive terms, possibly the best capstone ---> ===Unit 8: Christian Literature=== # [[/A Different Three Character Classic with Hong Xiuquan/]] # [[/Friar Juan Cobo's Veritable Record/]] <!--- One of few texts from the Philippines that I have ever found! https://bnedigital.bne.es/bd/en/viewer?id=0160187c-9d9b-4f34-84d6-bc03fd310c69 ---> # [[/The Delegate's Edition/]] # [[/Nestorian Steles during the Tang/]] <!--- 大秦景教宣元至本經經幢 and 景教碑 ---> # [[/Hong Xiuquan's Bible/]] <!--- https://bible.fhl.net/ob/nob.html?book=407 ---> <!--- I don't want to focus too much on Hong Xiuquan here, so look for more material, especially from missionaries. ---> ===Unit 9: An Introduction to Daoism=== <!--- And now back to your regularly scheduled Zhuangzi/Laozi/Liezi. But with more interesting stuff. Trust! ---> # [[/Laozi Explains the Dao/]] <!--- 道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無欲，以觀其妙；常有欲，以觀其徼。此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。I can expect learners to recognise the stuff here. ---> # [[/Qingtan with Xie Daoyun/]] <!--- 謝道韞; mentioned in the sanzijing. could be good! 《泰山吟·謝道韞》 峩峩東嶽高，秀極衝青天。 巖中間虛宇，寂寞幽以玄。 非工復非匠，雲構發自然。 器象爾何物，遂令我屢遷。 逝將宅斯宇，可以盡天年。 《拟嵇中散咏松诗·謝道韞》 遙望山上松，隆冬不能凋。 願想遊不憩，瞻彼萬仞條。 騰躍未能升，頓足俟王喬。 時哉不我與，大運所飄遙。 ---> # [[/The Doubting Neighbour/]] # [[/Kuafu Chases the Sun/]] # [[/The Frog in a Well/]] # [[/Wu wei with King Hui of Liang/]] # [[/The Old Man that Moves the Mountains/]] # [[/Master Zhuang Dreams of Butterflies/]] <!--- Currently very stereotypical, but there's stuff to work with at least. Need to include those weird Daoist characters among other things. ---> ===Unit 10: Nation Focus - Ryukyu Kingdom=== # [[/Historical Annals with Sai On/]] <!--- Kyuko is an easy cop ---> # [[/The Enthronement of Shō Tei/]] <!--- 康熙二十二年封王尚貞敕 皇帝敕諭琉球國中山王世子尚貞：惟爾遠處海隅，虔修職貢；屬在塚嗣，序應承祧。以朝命未膺，罔敢專擅；恪遵典制，奉表請封。朕念爾世守臣節，忠誠可嘉！特遣正使翰林院檢討汪楫、副使內閣中書舍人加一級林麟焻，齎敕封爾為琉球國中山王，並賜爾及妃文幣等物。爾祗承寵眷，懋紹先猷；輯和臣民，慎固封守：用安宗社於苞桑，永作天家之屏翰。欽哉，毋替朕命！故諭。 Teach imperial edicts. Consider seeing if there's a letter of acceptance from Shō Tei. Recorded in 琉球國志略 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=966326 ---> # [[/The Twilight of Ryukyu with Shō Ten/]] <!--- 神田酒樓街燈 尚典 酒樓今秋設芳筵， 一望街燈燦燦連。 烟氣引來通柱上， 光爭星月照神田。 ---> # [[/A Trip to Ryukyu with Luo Sen/]] <!--- Pre-Capstone ---> <!--- 遐邇貫珍 1854-11 - 日本日記 羅森 https://archive.org/details/HEKC185411/page/n5/mode/1up A solid description of Ryukyu cultural customs in Volume 11. Absolutely incredible. 日三日火船直向東北而駛出了臺灣之外幾日不見天涯是時北風大作波浪沖天火船亦甚飄蕩而不能立見有沙鷗隨風而逐浪心直駛七日漸見小山而到琉球琉球一國長闊一百七十五里其國城在地球圖緯線赤道之北二十六度十四分經線中華北京偏東十一度二十四分自明以來世封王爵叨列藩籬其處土產不過蔬菜番薯菜油黑糖等類人民束髻大補是穿草履男女粧飾頭上祇插一簪二簪為別故少年之男女瞥目則無異及其壯也皆留鬚髯故街上長鬚之人甚多甲寅正月初一予上岸遊玩見街上兒童甚多分以銅錢各極歡喜人民亦甚謙恭民居間亦貼新春聯于門外但不見有別等繁華之事那霸有寺寺內有園是名家世宦之墳所以石刊刻姓名年號于碑上每日道人打掃供奉生花樹葉于墓前另有人家祖墳與中國之明塚無異峰巒之上樹木多植民房則以蠻石圍墻內以茅草結屋而居佳物椅棹俱無惟以草蓆屈膝而坐對火盆而吹煙民間亦有識中國言語字墨者 不張舖店惟有墟塲男不貿易婦女為之以貨易貨而外方之金銀弗尚焉然而百姓亦甚畏官長飲食亦甚粗粕甘守樸儉不務奢華亦鮮欺詐板門紙窓夜間亦不防竊曾見途中撿物亦能以返原人公門之內冷冷落落並無案牘之煩淳樸之風畧有同于上古之世我等外國之欲買什物須言于官官為代辦正月初六提督被理衛廉士等一班將官布列威嚴與予乘轎至王宮總理大臣尚宏勳為主席布政大夫馬良才為知客享宴甚豐食物多與中國無異宴後各官皆饋有紙扇烟包布帛等項是物雖粗此亦世子之恭敬外國故亞國亦以禮物而返贈之世子王宮離岸三里在于山頂是名守禮將至其宮一路亦有樹木石牌坊宮室亦甚寬大幽雅垣局可觀其處多栽鳳尾草森樹等類以障陰山邊田土樹藝五穀近海沙田水漲之後人收其沙以煎鹽此時明月當圓予覽山川亦足見一方之風景 ---> <!--- 中山世鑑 and so on. Lots of poetry too. ---> ===Unit 11: Nation Focus - Singapore=== <!--- National Library of Singapore has a poetry series that's super good! ---> ===Unit 12: Literary Chinese in Medicine=== <!--- do not endorse the medical practices discussed in these...make sure to link back to the heavenly stems here as they are associated with specific body parts. ---> # [[/Deviant Qi with Zhang Congzheng/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%84%92%E9%96%80%E4%BA%8B%E8%A6%AA ---> # [[/Anatomy with Sugita Genpaku/]] <!--- 解体新書 ---> ===Unit 13: People Focus - Zhuang peoples=== <!--- https://mooc1.chaoxing.com/mooc-ans/ztnodedetailcontroller/visitnodedetail?courseId=84745403&knowledgeId=84745463&_from_=&_fromV2_=&rtag= 《峤西诗钞》 is also a really good shout. ---> <!--- Basically, there are Zhuang and Tangut peoples who wrote in Literary Chinese, and their inclusion here is to show that even those who made their own scripts would use this tongue. 张鸿翮 imported the character 朴 to describe a bug, for example. ---> # [[/Zhuang poetry with Zhang Honghe/]] <!--- https://wenyi.gmw.cn/2024-06/25/content_37398911.htm 一是忠实记录了汉诗创作与古壮字交融的文化现象。清代壮族诗人张鸿翮（hé）《大塘谣》（《峤西诗钞》卷二）云： 去了休。去到大塘红蓼洲。红蓼生花，不结子。绿朴生花，毬见毬。 诗中所说“绿朴”，是壮族对柚子的惯称。“柚子”，壮语发音为“bug”。根据《古壮字字典》，其对应的古壮字为“朴（㭪）”。诗人将古壮字运用到汉文诗歌创作中，刻下了明清壮汉文化交相辉映的注脚。 This sort of thing is why Zhuang and Tangut inclusion is important, as they show how flexible Literary Chinese can be. ---> <!--- Possible Jurchen/Khitan focus? 耶律楚材 - Served 窝阔台, 玄風慶會錄 is short and respectable enough to work with. ---> ===Unit 14: People Focus - Tangut peoples=== <!--- 羅福萇 and 羅振玉 wrote studies on Western Xia / Tangut script. Look for poets and stuff. ---> ===Unit 15: Literary Chinese in the Military=== <!--- Real Sun Zi hours! 7 Military Classics are an obvious shout, but look for more stuff too. ---> # [[/Going to war with Boyan/]] <!--- Boyan's Poem from the 元史 　　伯顏，蒙古巴林部人。至元十一年拜中書左丞相，總兵伐宋。官至開府儀同三司，薨贈太師，封淮安王，諡忠武。 　　《玉堂嘉話》：初，宋未下時，江南謠云：「江南若破，白雁來過。」當時莫喻其意。及宋亡，蓋知指丞相巴延也。 　　過梅嶺岡留題 馬首經從庾嶺回 【 庾嶺回　七修類稿（乾隆刊本）卷四十六作「嶺島歸」。】 ，王師到處悉平夷。擔頭不帶江南物，只插梅花一兩枝。 　　《七修類藳》：伯顏下江南，過金陵梅嶺岡詩云云。所以著名，亦有是善。 ---> # [[/An Edict from the Xianbei/]] <!--- 教義詔 楊廣 武有七德，先之以安民。政有六本，興之以教義。高麗高元，虧失藩禮，將欲問罪遼左，恢宣勝略。雖懷伐國，仍事省方。今往涿郡，巡撫民俗。其河北諸郡及山西、山東年九十已上者，版授太守；八十者，授縣令。 ---> # [[/The Suppression of the Kingdom of Dongning/]] <!--- 台灣鄭氏始末 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=139938 Largely a record of wars in Dongning rather than anything about the trade etc, so it fits here. ---> # [[/The Shunzhi Emperor vs Li Zicheng/]] <!--- 順治帝 告示 逆酋李自成已於通城斃命，各地鄉勇務隨我軍剿殺逆賊殘餘,凡有斬獲逆酋及擒獲逆酋交我軍者，一經驗證，按軍功論級給賞，必以示我朝皇恩浩蕩。 大清順治二年五月二十四日 恩詔 今月何日，為國曆改歲之履端,即為永昌書元之紀念？緬惟我朝民眾，三元肇慶，四始發祥。陳椒酒以飛觴，躋堂介壽；換桃符以獻歲，辟戶書新。翹望德容，河勝額手。今山河如舊，歲序更新;今天下同春，咸頒麗澤。願我朝君臣與萬民同樂，共沐化日光天，方不虛度韶華。 永昌二年新正初一 There's probably better choices here. Review. ---> ===Unit 16: Nation Focus - Vietnam=== <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/cfe6700e01f6fd59616a375d31aa8cd096677be1 this first ---> # [[/Ancestor Veneration with the Descendants of Zhu Xi/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/tree/main/corpus%2F%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%2Fclean somewhere in here ---> # [[/Spreading Revolutionary Consciousness with Phan Bội Châu and Liang Qichao/]] <!--- 越南亡國史 Possibly the most important text in Vietnamese history, not even gonna lie. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2 ---> # [[/Academia in Literary Chinese between East and West/]] <!--- 南風雜誌 is a massive shout here. Absolutely amazing series. ---> ===Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae=== <!--- 永樂大典 will teach how to infer from gaps in texts! 《編類》 is an incredibly interesting essay from here that can bring up the odes and Confucius's「思無邪」quote. It can prepare students for the wrath of Qing academia later. ---> # [[/The History of Liao, Jin, and Song with Toqto'a/]] <!--- 脱脱 ---> # [[/Two Years in the Forbidden City with Yu Deling/]] <!--- 清宮禁二年記 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%AE%AE%E7%A6%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%A8%98 ---> # [[/Excerpts from a Modern History of the Da Shun/]] <!--- Fair Use of a 2010 book written in Literary Chinese about the Da Shun dynasty. Limit to 500 characters, if that. Use to encourage recognition of Simplified variants and modern Wenyanwen. ---> ===Unit 18: Buddhist Literature=== <!--- You would be forgiven for wondering why this is so late, but if you look at many classical Buddhist texts you'll quickly see a ton of loanwords that make it significantly more difficult to read than the average text. Thus, it goes here for now. Look at Japan's 五山文学 ---> # [[/A Buddhist Temple in Shanghai/]] <!--- 留雲禪寺 雲留雲翔領畧幾許禪機此地有雲散天開真如界。 塔內塔外普示無邊圓覺是故曰塔影雙照解脫門。 歲次壬午冬月吉旦。 覺醒敬撰。 楊胡生沐手恭書。 善信印利明敬獻。 ---> # [[/Dipping your feet in with Wenyan Shu/]] <!--- 華亭 世尊遺法本忘言，教外別傳意已圓。 只履攜將蔥嶺去，不妨來上月明船。 ---> # [[/Foreseeing Monkhood with Yi Xing/]] <!--- 看命一掌金 ---> # [[/A Trip to Western Xia with Zhi Guang and Hui Zhen/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%91%AA%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%92%92%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> # [[/Jizang's Three Discourses/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%AB%96%E7%8E%84%E7%BE%A9 ---> ===Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples=== # [[/Qing dynasty Poetry with Nara Singde/]] <!--- 飲水詞 納蘭性德 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%B7 ---> # [[/Amassing Words with the Kangxi Emperor/]] <!--- Kangxi Dictionary Abstract - https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8 ---> # [[/Amassing Literature with the Qianlong Emperor/]] <!--- Siku Quanshu abstract https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE%E6%8F%90%E8%A6%81 ---> <!--- Yongzheng Emperor's Poetry https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D 《和碩怡賢親王祭文》 Also include 滿洲國 stuff to show the fall of the Qing and attempts to preserve it through becoming a Japanese puppet state. It is important to show how Literary Chinese can be misused as well. 滿洲國建國宣言 is a good shout, as is 法制 to prepare students who may be interested in Taiwan legal stuff later down the road. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E6%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B ---> ===Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature=== <!--- many writers here, will be difficult to sift through. Include 四库全書 abstracts and stuff here. ---> # [[/Jewish Refugees in Shanghai/]] <!--- Show passports, certificates, etc, from the Jewish Refugee Museum, anonymised. ---> # [[/A Literary Chinese Abstract/]] <!--- Abstracts from siku quanshu, probably want others ---> # [[/Lament with Lu Ruoteng/]] <!--- 《疑猜》盧若騰，東寧國 盟誓變為交質子，春秋戰國風如此；末世上下相疑猜, 更質妻子防逃徙。 此法只可羈庸奴，若遇梟雄術窮矣；妻可再娶子再育, 安能長坐針氈裏。 我贈一法君記存；推心置腹人知恩；眾人畜之眾人報, 幾個國士在君門。 盧若騰撰，陳漢光編輯，《島噫詩》，臺灣文獻叢刊第二四五種（臺北:臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1968年）21頁。 ---> ==References used for this page== * Yang, B. (2016). 文言语法 [Literary Chinese Grammar] (1st ed). 中华书局 [Zhonghua Book Company]. ISBN: 978-7-101-11619-9 * Priestley, K. E., & Shou-jung, C. (1962). China’s Men of Letters, Yesterday and Today. Dragonfly Books. {{BookCat}} 25kykjgzme59lmhzhkunruqrd3srk5h 4634425 4634424 2026-05-06T13:02:35Z Shira the Mogul 3560559 /* Unit 18: Buddhist Literature */ 4634425 wikitext text/x-wiki __notoc__ Welcome to the Wikibook for Literary Chinese (Known as 漢文 "Han Language" in East Asia or 文言 "Literary Language" in China), aimed at individuals hoping to gain a general knowledge of it before progressing into genres they wish to be acquainted with. This is not the [[Classical Chinese]] textbook, which is aimed at Chinese Zhou-Qin era texts. This text aims to shed light on post-Zhou-Qin texts across East Asia, which mimic those texts. It does so through a "buffet" approach, showering you, the reader, with an ocean of texts of myriad genre. ==Table of Contents== === Front matter === * [[/Introduction/]] * [[/Appendices/]] === Useful resources === These are quick grab-bags that can be useful for vocabulary-building. * [[/Antonym List/]] <!--- 文/武，大/小，厚/薄，橫/縱...---> * [[/Collocation Groups/]] <!--- e.g. 四象，三靈…… ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等 Yan Fu's Qing-era translations for modern terms] <!--- Wikiversity has this (https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等) and the below, I will effectively be translating a lot of it! ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/上古語考輯 Communicative Terms] <!--- this will be translated eventually, but right now it's bad to just leave this here. ---> === Useful primers === Across history, many primers have been made for teaching Literary Chinese to children. These are a few that are recommended for use alongside this work, ideally in flashcards. * [https://www.fdgwz.org.cn/Web/Show/11308 倉頡篇] - Cangjie's Chapters, the earliest one. It is extant, but incomplete. It contains several rare characters, and so if used, I would personally recommend doing so later, or out of interest. * 三字經 - The Three Character Classic, an excellent piece for Confucian education. Pair with 弟子规 for best results. ** 三字經（太平天國版）- For Christians, there is a version made by Hong Xiuquan from the Taiping Rebellion. Despite the context, it is a legitimately useful primer and can be used to self-teach for the Delegate's Edition of the Christian Bible. * 千字文 - The Thousand Character Classic, a remarkable piece of constrained writing that only uses each character once. Amazing for building vocabulary whilst seeing historical allusions and the like. * 五字鑑 - The Five-Character Mirror, essentially the 24 Histories of China compressed into a primer. Uses 5-character couplets, the longest in this list. * 龍文鞭影 - The Shadow of Longwen's Whip, a historical allusion trainer. Best paired with a context piece. ===Unit 0: The Han script=== This unit is intended for those with no familiarity of the Han script. It will prepare you for the units ahead, teaching largely pictographic characters. By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around 30 characters. * Understand how characters are composed and how this gives them meaning. * Have a basic idea of how to handwrite and/or type characters. * Know some bare basics of Literary Chinese grammar (e.g. Basic word order, where adjectives go, lack of "is", 有...) Lessons: # [[/An Introduction to the Han Script/]] # [[/People, Big and Small/]] # [[/What are Chinese characters, anyway?/]] <!--- deploy several single-radical texts---> # [[/How do we write Chinese?/]] # [[/Tilling the Fields with 有/]] # [[/The Sun and the Moon/]] # [[/Weapons and Metals/]] # [[/Recognizing Phonetics/]] <!--- time to deploy my one-syllable articles! ---> # [[/Cangjie Created Characters/]] ===Unit 1: Basic Skills=== This unit is intended for those with minimal familiarity with the Han script and no familiarity with Literary Chinese. There is a focus on simple structures, skills for dissecting common textual structures, and short-form poetry in this unit. Before starting this unit, students should: * Recognise around ~30 characters. * Can use Cangjie input. * Have given Unit 0 a cursory glance. <br> By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around ~100 characters. * Comprehend numbers, the Heavenly Stems, and the Earthly Branches, and be able to use them to quantify time and date. * Intuit the basic topic -> comment idea behind Literary Chinese. "This, it is..." * Understand basic function words such as 也, 而, 有, and 謂. Lessons: # [[/The All-Purpose 也/]] # [[/An Introduction to Chinese Numbers/]] <!--- It is hard to find authentic materials for this ---> # [[/One, Two, Left, and Right with Gongsun Long/]] <!--- 曰：「二有一乎？」 曰：「二無一。」 曰：「二有右乎？」 曰：「二無右。」 曰：「二有左乎？」 曰：「二無左。」 曰：「右可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左與右可謂二乎？」 曰：「可。」 ---> # [[/The Heavenly Stems/]] <!--- Introduce ordinals, which will be used to demonstrate sentence patterns later. ---> # [[/Tell the Time with Earthly Branches/]] <!--- Introduce verbs and timekeeping ---> # [[/Lunar Dates with the Spring and Autumn Annals/]] <!--- Vocabulary: 歲，年，朔，月，日，來，前，初，正，春秋夏冬，曆，上，下. Consider including traditional names for months in a list. ---> # [[/Skimming for Major Events in Historical Annals/]] <!--- Don't simply use Confucius's Chunqiu: We can use texts inspired by it. E.g. 三國史記 - 十五年京城旱。秋七月，蝗。very few new characters, lots one can use. Instantly able to use. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B701 Skimming annals is very possible and a very useful skill. Don't skip out on it. Teach students to skim read!!! ---> # [[/Dinner with the Daimyo/]] <!-- 侍宴·大友皇子 皇明光日月，帝徳載天地。 三才併秦昌，万国表臣義。 --> # [[/In Discourse with Jibong/]] <!-- 芝峰類說 倭國謂田爲畠。謂水田爲田。火田爲畑。猶我國以水田爲畓也。故官名有畠山殿。地名有畑島云。 --> # [[/Shinto FAQ with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%81%93%E5%95%8F%E5%B0%8D 眞道問對 本田親徳 really good way of operationalising 乎 and much of the early grammar. 問 天帝無始無終乎。 對 天帝無始無終也。 旣以無始無終之力 與無始無終之體 造無始無終之萬物。 其功亦無始無終也。 問 天地大原在道乎。 對 天地大原實在道。 鬼神依道而立。 人民依道而活。 萬物依道而息。 This is great! ---> <!--- Some cool stuff I saw someone studying from https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B3%E6%BD%AD%E8%A8%98# https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%88%9F%E8%A8%98 Could be used for period focus ---> ===Unit 2: An Overview of Sinitic Poetry=== This unit will teach you how Sinitic Poetry operates; - that is, the way individuals in the Sinosphere compose poetry in Literary Chinese. Despite this language's fall out of favour in the past century, this tradition is still remarkably alive and well, and their short length makes them more accessible than elaborate prose. In this unit, you will begin from the ''Classic of Poetry'' before travelling through poems from the Tang dynasty, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, the Ryukyu Kingdom, and Korea. When introducing poetry, I will furthermore use the language from the nation it is from to show how it is recited by its people. After discussing the Classic of Poetry, we will also be a small detour into a discussion on Ping-Ze 平仄, the Tang dynasty system of alternating tones, so to produce rhyme on tonal and phonological levels. This had a major impact on Literary Chinese poetry as a whole! By the end of this Unit, students will: * Recognise around 120 more characters. * Be able to explain how Sinitic Poetry rhymes and the themes it contains. * Be able to use function words such as 在, 無, 不, 聿, and 于/於 in poetic contexts. * Recognise the switch between 吾/我 in the subject-object positions and demonstrate it in usage. * (Chinese speakers) Be able to differentiate 于 and 於, and understand the "interest(ed) in" meaning of 好 in most circumstances. <!--- Summary of the above part about 于 and 於 for other editors: 于 and 於 were distinct words for an extremely long time and were still such to Literary Chinese writers. Their "merging" through Simplified-Traditional Chinese distinctions is a very modern thing. I will summarise their usages here, using Pulleyblank's Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar (2000); * 于 - This can mean "to go" or "to/at". 黃鳥于飛 "The yellow birds go flying". Must be post-verbal. It can also appear in 至于. * 於 - This is an all-purpose locative preposition - from "on/at/in" to "from" or even "than" (甲於乙). The implication of motion is not there at all. Must be pre-verbal. It can also appear in 之於 or be an archaic noun for a crow 於 (烏). ---> Lessons: # [[/Across the Rivers with Emperor Puliuru Guang/]] <!--- 春江花月夜·楊廣 夜露含花氣，春潭漾月暉。 漢水逢遊女，湘川值二妃。 This is really simple and can elucidate Ping-Ze easily. ---> # [[/To Study the Odes/]] <!-- 蟋蟀·姬旦 國風·唐風 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其莫。今我不樂，日月其除。無已大康，職思其居。好樂無荒，良士瞿瞿。 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其逝。今我不樂，日月其邁。無已大康，職思其外。好樂無荒，良士蹶蹶。 蟋蟀在堂，役車其休。今我不樂，日月其慆。無已大康，職思其憂。好樂無荒，良士休休。 --> <!-- 黃鳥 小雅·鴻鴈之什 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于穀，無啄我粟。 此邦之人，不我肯穀。言旋言歸，復我邦族。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于桑，無啄我粱。 此邦之人，不可與明。言旋言歸，復我諸兄。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于栩，無啄我黍。 此邦之人，不可與處。言旋言歸，復我諸父。 --> # [[/A Detour into Orthodox Ping-Ze/]] <!--- 平 and 仄 are useful characters themselves. Show 仄 in the binomes 反仄，歉仄，逼仄 as it's often difficult to immediately use ---> # [[/The Restraint of Du Fu/]] # [[/The Longing of Li Bai/]] # [[/The Environment with Bukha Timur/]] <!--- 西湖竹枝詞·布哈特穆爾 湖上春歸人未歸，桃紅柳緑黄鶯飛。 桃花落時多結子，楊花落處秪沾衣。 宫词·布哈特穆爾 玉樓珠箔晚天涼，秋色依稀滿建章。 金井梧桐霜葉盡，自隨流水出宮牆。 Mongol writer from the Uyghur Kingdom of Gaochang Spammed Ctrl+F in https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E9%81%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%9D%E8%A9%A9_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC) ---> # [[/Pillow Talk with Guan Yunshi/]] <!--- 紅繡鞋·貫雲石 挨著靠著雲窗同坐，偎著抱著月枕雙歌，聽著數著愁著怕著早四更過。四更過情未足，情未足夜如梭。天哪，更閏一更兒妨甚么！ Uyghur author! ---> # [[/Buddhist Philosophy with Ngô Chân Lưu and Taisei Shōan/]] <!-- 元火·吳真流 木中元有火，元火復還生。 若為木無火，鉆燧何有萌。--> <!-- 杜鵑·大成聖安 夢覚孤床静 杜鵑帯雨飛 一声来近枕 何者不沾衣 --> # [[/Odes with Mō Taiei and Zheng Chengxun/]] <!-- 詠松·毛泰永 植體宜千仞，垂陰動百尋。 李膺真烈烈，和嶠自森森。 桃李何堪較，雪霜安得侵。 萬年身不老，種子又成林。 AKA Inoha Seiki 伊野波 盛紀 --> <!-- 詠班蘭·鄭成勛 南國多芳草，班蘭最有名。 深根將綠茁，長葉亦叢生。 取味迎賓合，入厨任水烹。 可憐經一用，擲棄不留情。 鄭成勛《樵隱詩集》 https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/dsprojects/sg-jiutishi/poem/827 --> # [[/On a Journey with Sa Dula/]] <!--- 無題·薩都剌 為客三年海上洲，故鄉何處瘴雲稠。 數千里外蠻人域，十八灘頭過客舟。 時有山禽呼姓字，或從海鳥作朋儔。 故人珂珮周旋處，紫殿風清十二樓。 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%A1%8C_(%E8%96%A9%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C) A naturalised Mongol scholar who made a beautiful poem. This'll be a capstone. ---> <!--- 朝中措·襄陽古道灞陵橋 襄陽古道灞陵橋，詩興與秋高。 千古風流人物，一時多少雄豪。 霜清玉塞，雲飛隴首，風落江皋。 夢到鳳凰台上，山圍故國周遭。 北郊晚步 陂水荷凋晚，茅檐燕去涼。 遠林明落景，平麓淡秋光。 群牧歸村巷，孤禽立野航。 自諳閑散樂，園圃意尤長。 Jurchen poet and grandson of Emperor Shizong of Jin. He's a Zen Buddhist, so we'll go back to him later. ---> ===Unit 3: Confucianism and the World=== This is a Confucian-themed unit with a smattering of other items. You will see the odd geography of the past, early linguistic philosophy, and terrifying breakaway states! By the end of this unit, students should be able to: * Recognise around 200+ characters. * Read basic annals and histories with some dictionary assistance, and comprehend 3-character structures reliably. * Have encountered basic grammatical points such as 之、乎、者、也、而、則、乃、所、以、於、于、與、且、蓋、and 夫. ** 於 and 于 should be distinguishable. * Survive a text of at least 250 characters and read for gist. Lessons: # [[/A Brief Overview of Confucianism/]] # [[/The Mountains with Yelü Tuyu/]] <!--- 立木海上刻詩 耶律圖欲 / 耶律倍 / 李贊華 小山壓大山，大山全無力。 羞見故鄉人，從此投外國。 ---> # [[/Is a White Horse a Horse?/]]<!-- Teach negation with 非 in 公孙龍子 and compare with 不 --> # [[/The Three Character Classic/]] # [[/Expressing Filial Conduct with Confucius and Hara Saihin/]] <!-- 次韻杏坪先生 父執有君孤不孤 相依遍接搢紳徒 区区自抱地方寸 杏杏重遊天一隅 羇雁飛鳴迷汝國 家人思夢入江都 如教志業青年遂 世上寧無逐臭夫 --> # [[/Confucianism and the Environment with Sai On/]]<!-- 木假山記 --> # [[/In Debate with Mencius/]] ===Unit 4: Women's Writing=== In this unit, women's writing from various areas of China will be explored. This is chiefly targeted at poetry and the themes within; from the feminine voice of the Classic of Poetry to the remonstrance towards the Khitan Emperor Tianzuo of Jin by his Consort Dasese. The role of women in courtly society is to be elucidated here! # [[/An Unmarried Life with Heo Nansŏrhŏn/]] <!--- 貧女吟 豈是乏容色。工鍼復工織。 少小長寒門。良媒不相識。 夜久織未休。戛戛鳴寒機。 機中一匹練。終作阿誰衣。 手把金翦刀。夜寒十指直。 爲人作嫁衣。年年還獨宿。 ---> # [[/Responding to Lord Trần with Hồ Xuân Hương/]] <!--- Responding to 陳光靜 Trần Quang Tĩnh 《和陳侯》 愧無才調使人驚，十載風塵貫耳鈴。 已是臨枰知敵手，莫須敲月苦殫精。 為輪為彈隨遭遇，誰鳳誰鶯任賦生。 造物於人何苟惜，明珠休向暗中呈。 莫須 is an important structure to teach here. ---> # [[/Gaze into the Autumn Night with Taisei Shōan/]] <!--- 秋夜偶成·大成聖安 長天浮爽気，月色興無窮 群犬吠山径，百蟲啼野風 悲秋秋夜永，感古古今同 自是孤窓下，凄然万慮空 ---> # [[/Visiting a Temple with Yu Xuanji/]] <!--- 遊崇真觀南樓覩新及第題名處 雲峰滿目放春晴，歷歷銀鈎指下生。 自恨羅衣掩詩句，擧頭空羨榜中名。 ---> # [[/Remonstrance with Dasese/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AB%B7%E8%AB%AB%E6%AD%8C 諷諫歌·大瑟瑟 勿嗟塞上兮暗紅塵。 勿傷多難兮畏夷人。 不如塞奸邪之路兮選取賢臣。 直須臥薪嚐膽兮激壯士之捐身。 可以朝清漠北兮夕枕燕雲。 Dasese (or 萧瑟瑟) was a Khitan consort to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao. She remonstrated him as the Jurchens were beginning to encroach upon the Khitan, and was forced to commit suicide for her remonstrance. Tianzuo would soon pay for his malfeasance. ---> # [[/The Love Songs of the Odes/]] <!--- 褰裳 子惠思我，褰裳涉溱。子不我思，豈無他人？狂童之狂也且！ 子惠思我，褰裳涉洧。子不我思，豈無他士？狂童之狂也且！ 柏舟 彼柏舟，在彼中河，髧彼兩髦，實維我儀，之死矢靡它，母也天只，不諒人只。 汎彼柏舟，在彼河側，髧彼兩髦，實維我特，之死矢靡慝，母也天只，不諒人只。 行露 厭浥行露，豈不夙夜，謂行多露。 誰謂雀無角？何以穿我屋？誰謂女無家？何以速我獄？雖速我獄，室家不足。 誰謂鼠無牙？何以穿我墉？誰謂女無家？何以速我訟？雖速我訟，亦不女從。 ---> # [[/Rules for Women with Ban Zhao/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%AA%A1 ---> # [[/The Tragedy of Cai Wenji/]] <!--- 悲憤詩 〔兩漢〕蔡文姬 漢季失權柄，董卓亂天常。 志欲圖篡弒，先害諸賢良。 逼迫遷舊邦，擁主以自強。 海內興義師，欲共討不祥。 卓眾來東下，金甲耀日光。 平土人脆弱，來兵皆胡羌。 獵野圍城邑，所向悉破亡。 斬截無孑遺，屍骸相撐拒。 馬邊懸男頭，馬後載婦女。 長驅西入關，迥路險且阻。 還顧邈冥冥，肝脾為爛腐。 所略有萬計，不得令屯聚。 或有骨肉俱，欲言不敢語。 失意幾微間，輒言斃降虜。 要當以亭刃，我曹不活汝。 豈復惜性命，不堪其詈罵。 或便加棰杖，毒痛參並下。 旦則號泣行，夜則悲吟坐。 欲死不能得，欲生無一可。 彼蒼者何辜，乃遭此厄禍。 邊荒與華異，人俗少義理。 處所多霜雪，胡風春夏起。 翩翩吹我衣，肅肅入我耳。 感時念父母，哀嘆無窮已。 有客從外來，聞之常歡喜。 迎問其消息，輒復非鄉里。 邂逅徼時願，骨肉來迎己。 己得自解免，當復棄兒子。 天屬綴人心，念別無會期。 存亡永乖隔，不忍與之辭。 兒前抱我頸，問母欲何之。 人言母當去，豈復有還時。 阿母常仁惻，今何更不慈。 我尚未成人，奈何不顧思。 見此崩五內，恍惚生狂痴。 號泣手撫摩，當發復回疑。 兼有同時輩，相送告離別。 慕我獨得歸，哀叫聲摧裂。 馬為立踟躕，車為不轉轍。 觀者皆噓唏，行路亦嗚咽。 去去割情戀，遄征日遐邁。 悠悠三千里，何時復交會。 念我出腹子，匈臆為摧敗。 既至家人盡，又復無中外。 城廓為山林，庭宇生荊艾。 白骨不知誰，縱橫莫覆蓋。 出門無人聲，豺狼號且吠。 煢煢對孤景，怛吒糜肝肺。 登高遠眺望，魂神忽飛逝。 奄若壽命盡，旁人相寬大。 為復強視息，雖生何聊賴。 託命於新人，竭心自勖勵。 流離成鄙賤，常恐復捐廢。 人生幾何時，懷憂終年歲。 ---> ===Unit 5: Myths and Legends of East Asia=== <!--- Shanhaijing, Zibuyu... Etc. Zhiguai literature. This aims to provide a counterpoint to what Confucius wouldn't discuss - thus Zibuyu. Going straight into Daoism isn't ideal. ---> # [[/Exploring the World of Mountains and Seas/]]<!-- Structure: 出焉 --> # [[/Oh, the Qilin!/]] <!--- Even here, the odes can be studied! ---> # [[/Ultimate Justice with Xiezhi/]] # [[/The Virtue of the Fenghuang/]] # [[/The Entrapment of Hua Po/]] # [[/Nüwa Created the World/]] ===Unit 6: Nation Focus - Japan=== # [[/The Inariyama Sword/]] <!--- short and sweet! ---> # [[/Entering Japan with Takeda Shingen/]] <!--- 便面蘆間有漁·武田信玄 山色水光烟接天，漁翁江上棹蘆辺 丹青若写得勝景，万里風波一釣船 便面半月照梅花·武田信玄 蘆葦清風垂頂絲，窺魚白鷺水生涯 江南記得曾遊夕，似見梨花院落時 島森哲男. (2015). 武田信玄漢詩校釈. 宮城教育大学紀要, 49, 333–352. https://mue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/440 似 is a really useful thing to teach early on. ---> # [[/The Oldest Inscription in Japan/]] <!--- 宇治橋断碑 ---> # [[/Remembering Conflict with Nakajima Noburu/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/6faa4d3e57a24e542db0375894f0ead5503218bb ---> # [[/Shinto Teachings with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%9F 本田親徳 道之大原 ---> # [[/The Diary of Fujiwara no Teika/]] <!--- 明月記 ---> # [[/Reading the History of Japan with Prince Toneri/]] <!--- 日本書記, etc. ---> <!--- # [[/Occupying Taiwan/]] ---> <!--- I have some colonial literature on me that can be used here. ---> ===Unit 7: Nation Focus - Korea=== <!--- 三國史記 for sure! ---> <!--- 放蟬賦 by Yi Kyubo ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%A0%A4%E9%BD%8B%E9%81%BA%E7%A8%BF 頤齋遺稿 黃胤錫 Joseon scholar! ---> # [[/An Elegy to the Empress with Choe Ja/]] <!--- Choe Ja 元德大后輓詞·崔滋（최자） 乾極曾客配,坤儀正體元。 枕前朝聖主,帳底見曾孫。 陰慘俄沉月,屋悲便沒軒。 三韓千古淚,七十九年恩。 ---> # [[/Language Reform with Sejong the Great/]] <!--- 訓民正音 https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/1ef2b42cc50055affaa5ef39c61b87ed31c34a60 multiple poems and descriptive terms, possibly the best capstone ---> ===Unit 8: Christian Literature=== # [[/A Different Three Character Classic with Hong Xiuquan/]] # [[/Friar Juan Cobo's Veritable Record/]] <!--- One of few texts from the Philippines that I have ever found! https://bnedigital.bne.es/bd/en/viewer?id=0160187c-9d9b-4f34-84d6-bc03fd310c69 ---> # [[/The Delegate's Edition/]] # [[/Nestorian Steles during the Tang/]] <!--- 大秦景教宣元至本經經幢 and 景教碑 ---> # [[/Hong Xiuquan's Bible/]] <!--- https://bible.fhl.net/ob/nob.html?book=407 ---> <!--- I don't want to focus too much on Hong Xiuquan here, so look for more material, especially from missionaries. ---> ===Unit 9: An Introduction to Daoism=== <!--- And now back to your regularly scheduled Zhuangzi/Laozi/Liezi. But with more interesting stuff. Trust! ---> # [[/Laozi Explains the Dao/]] <!--- 道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無欲，以觀其妙；常有欲，以觀其徼。此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。I can expect learners to recognise the stuff here. ---> # [[/Qingtan with Xie Daoyun/]] <!--- 謝道韞; mentioned in the sanzijing. could be good! 《泰山吟·謝道韞》 峩峩東嶽高，秀極衝青天。 巖中間虛宇，寂寞幽以玄。 非工復非匠，雲構發自然。 器象爾何物，遂令我屢遷。 逝將宅斯宇，可以盡天年。 《拟嵇中散咏松诗·謝道韞》 遙望山上松，隆冬不能凋。 願想遊不憩，瞻彼萬仞條。 騰躍未能升，頓足俟王喬。 時哉不我與，大運所飄遙。 ---> # [[/The Doubting Neighbour/]] # [[/Kuafu Chases the Sun/]] # [[/The Frog in a Well/]] # [[/Wu wei with King Hui of Liang/]] # [[/The Old Man that Moves the Mountains/]] # [[/Master Zhuang Dreams of Butterflies/]] <!--- Currently very stereotypical, but there's stuff to work with at least. Need to include those weird Daoist characters among other things. ---> ===Unit 10: Nation Focus - Ryukyu Kingdom=== # [[/Historical Annals with Sai On/]] <!--- Kyuko is an easy cop ---> # [[/The Enthronement of Shō Tei/]] <!--- 康熙二十二年封王尚貞敕 皇帝敕諭琉球國中山王世子尚貞：惟爾遠處海隅，虔修職貢；屬在塚嗣，序應承祧。以朝命未膺，罔敢專擅；恪遵典制，奉表請封。朕念爾世守臣節，忠誠可嘉！特遣正使翰林院檢討汪楫、副使內閣中書舍人加一級林麟焻，齎敕封爾為琉球國中山王，並賜爾及妃文幣等物。爾祗承寵眷，懋紹先猷；輯和臣民，慎固封守：用安宗社於苞桑，永作天家之屏翰。欽哉，毋替朕命！故諭。 Teach imperial edicts. Consider seeing if there's a letter of acceptance from Shō Tei. Recorded in 琉球國志略 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=966326 ---> # [[/The Twilight of Ryukyu with Shō Ten/]] <!--- 神田酒樓街燈 尚典 酒樓今秋設芳筵， 一望街燈燦燦連。 烟氣引來通柱上， 光爭星月照神田。 ---> # [[/A Trip to Ryukyu with Luo Sen/]] <!--- Pre-Capstone ---> <!--- 遐邇貫珍 1854-11 - 日本日記 羅森 https://archive.org/details/HEKC185411/page/n5/mode/1up A solid description of Ryukyu cultural customs in Volume 11. Absolutely incredible. 日三日火船直向東北而駛出了臺灣之外幾日不見天涯是時北風大作波浪沖天火船亦甚飄蕩而不能立見有沙鷗隨風而逐浪心直駛七日漸見小山而到琉球琉球一國長闊一百七十五里其國城在地球圖緯線赤道之北二十六度十四分經線中華北京偏東十一度二十四分自明以來世封王爵叨列藩籬其處土產不過蔬菜番薯菜油黑糖等類人民束髻大補是穿草履男女粧飾頭上祇插一簪二簪為別故少年之男女瞥目則無異及其壯也皆留鬚髯故街上長鬚之人甚多甲寅正月初一予上岸遊玩見街上兒童甚多分以銅錢各極歡喜人民亦甚謙恭民居間亦貼新春聯于門外但不見有別等繁華之事那霸有寺寺內有園是名家世宦之墳所以石刊刻姓名年號于碑上每日道人打掃供奉生花樹葉于墓前另有人家祖墳與中國之明塚無異峰巒之上樹木多植民房則以蠻石圍墻內以茅草結屋而居佳物椅棹俱無惟以草蓆屈膝而坐對火盆而吹煙民間亦有識中國言語字墨者 不張舖店惟有墟塲男不貿易婦女為之以貨易貨而外方之金銀弗尚焉然而百姓亦甚畏官長飲食亦甚粗粕甘守樸儉不務奢華亦鮮欺詐板門紙窓夜間亦不防竊曾見途中撿物亦能以返原人公門之內冷冷落落並無案牘之煩淳樸之風畧有同于上古之世我等外國之欲買什物須言于官官為代辦正月初六提督被理衛廉士等一班將官布列威嚴與予乘轎至王宮總理大臣尚宏勳為主席布政大夫馬良才為知客享宴甚豐食物多與中國無異宴後各官皆饋有紙扇烟包布帛等項是物雖粗此亦世子之恭敬外國故亞國亦以禮物而返贈之世子王宮離岸三里在于山頂是名守禮將至其宮一路亦有樹木石牌坊宮室亦甚寬大幽雅垣局可觀其處多栽鳳尾草森樹等類以障陰山邊田土樹藝五穀近海沙田水漲之後人收其沙以煎鹽此時明月當圓予覽山川亦足見一方之風景 ---> <!--- 中山世鑑 and so on. Lots of poetry too. ---> ===Unit 11: Nation Focus - Singapore=== <!--- National Library of Singapore has a poetry series that's super good! ---> ===Unit 12: Literary Chinese in Medicine=== <!--- do not endorse the medical practices discussed in these...make sure to link back to the heavenly stems here as they are associated with specific body parts. ---> # [[/Deviant Qi with Zhang Congzheng/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%84%92%E9%96%80%E4%BA%8B%E8%A6%AA ---> # [[/Anatomy with Sugita Genpaku/]] <!--- 解体新書 ---> ===Unit 13: People Focus - Zhuang peoples=== <!--- https://mooc1.chaoxing.com/mooc-ans/ztnodedetailcontroller/visitnodedetail?courseId=84745403&knowledgeId=84745463&_from_=&_fromV2_=&rtag= 《峤西诗钞》 is also a really good shout. ---> <!--- Basically, there are Zhuang and Tangut peoples who wrote in Literary Chinese, and their inclusion here is to show that even those who made their own scripts would use this tongue. 张鸿翮 imported the character 朴 to describe a bug, for example. ---> # [[/Zhuang poetry with Zhang Honghe/]] <!--- https://wenyi.gmw.cn/2024-06/25/content_37398911.htm 一是忠实记录了汉诗创作与古壮字交融的文化现象。清代壮族诗人张鸿翮（hé）《大塘谣》（《峤西诗钞》卷二）云： 去了休。去到大塘红蓼洲。红蓼生花，不结子。绿朴生花，毬见毬。 诗中所说“绿朴”，是壮族对柚子的惯称。“柚子”，壮语发音为“bug”。根据《古壮字字典》，其对应的古壮字为“朴（㭪）”。诗人将古壮字运用到汉文诗歌创作中，刻下了明清壮汉文化交相辉映的注脚。 This sort of thing is why Zhuang and Tangut inclusion is important, as they show how flexible Literary Chinese can be. ---> <!--- Possible Jurchen/Khitan focus? 耶律楚材 - Served 窝阔台, 玄風慶會錄 is short and respectable enough to work with. ---> ===Unit 14: People Focus - Tangut peoples=== <!--- 羅福萇 and 羅振玉 wrote studies on Western Xia / Tangut script. Look for poets and stuff. ---> ===Unit 15: Literary Chinese in the Military=== <!--- Real Sun Zi hours! 7 Military Classics are an obvious shout, but look for more stuff too. ---> # [[/Going to war with Boyan/]] <!--- Boyan's Poem from the 元史 　　伯顏，蒙古巴林部人。至元十一年拜中書左丞相，總兵伐宋。官至開府儀同三司，薨贈太師，封淮安王，諡忠武。 　　《玉堂嘉話》：初，宋未下時，江南謠云：「江南若破，白雁來過。」當時莫喻其意。及宋亡，蓋知指丞相巴延也。 　　過梅嶺岡留題 馬首經從庾嶺回 【 庾嶺回　七修類稿（乾隆刊本）卷四十六作「嶺島歸」。】 ，王師到處悉平夷。擔頭不帶江南物，只插梅花一兩枝。 　　《七修類藳》：伯顏下江南，過金陵梅嶺岡詩云云。所以著名，亦有是善。 ---> # [[/An Edict from the Xianbei/]] <!--- 教義詔 楊廣 武有七德，先之以安民。政有六本，興之以教義。高麗高元，虧失藩禮，將欲問罪遼左，恢宣勝略。雖懷伐國，仍事省方。今往涿郡，巡撫民俗。其河北諸郡及山西、山東年九十已上者，版授太守；八十者，授縣令。 ---> # [[/The Suppression of the Kingdom of Dongning/]] <!--- 台灣鄭氏始末 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=139938 Largely a record of wars in Dongning rather than anything about the trade etc, so it fits here. ---> # [[/The Shunzhi Emperor vs Li Zicheng/]] <!--- 順治帝 告示 逆酋李自成已於通城斃命，各地鄉勇務隨我軍剿殺逆賊殘餘,凡有斬獲逆酋及擒獲逆酋交我軍者，一經驗證，按軍功論級給賞，必以示我朝皇恩浩蕩。 大清順治二年五月二十四日 恩詔 今月何日，為國曆改歲之履端,即為永昌書元之紀念？緬惟我朝民眾，三元肇慶，四始發祥。陳椒酒以飛觴，躋堂介壽；換桃符以獻歲，辟戶書新。翹望德容，河勝額手。今山河如舊，歲序更新;今天下同春，咸頒麗澤。願我朝君臣與萬民同樂，共沐化日光天，方不虛度韶華。 永昌二年新正初一 There's probably better choices here. Review. ---> ===Unit 16: Nation Focus - Vietnam=== <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/cfe6700e01f6fd59616a375d31aa8cd096677be1 this first ---> # [[/Ancestor Veneration with the Descendants of Zhu Xi/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/tree/main/corpus%2F%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%2Fclean somewhere in here ---> # [[/Spreading Revolutionary Consciousness with Phan Bội Châu and Liang Qichao/]] <!--- 越南亡國史 Possibly the most important text in Vietnamese history, not even gonna lie. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2 ---> # [[/Academia in Literary Chinese between East and West/]] <!--- 南風雜誌 is a massive shout here. Absolutely amazing series. ---> ===Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae=== <!--- 永樂大典 will teach how to infer from gaps in texts! 《編類》 is an incredibly interesting essay from here that can bring up the odes and Confucius's「思無邪」quote. It can prepare students for the wrath of Qing academia later. ---> # [[/The History of Liao, Jin, and Song with Toqto'a/]] <!--- 脱脱 ---> # [[/Two Years in the Forbidden City with Yu Deling/]] <!--- 清宮禁二年記 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%AE%AE%E7%A6%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%A8%98 ---> # [[/Excerpts from a Modern History of the Da Shun/]] <!--- Fair Use of a 2010 book written in Literary Chinese about the Da Shun dynasty. Limit to 500 characters, if that. Use to encourage recognition of Simplified variants and modern Wenyanwen. ---> ===Unit 18: Buddhist Literature=== <!--- You would be forgiven for wondering why this is so late, but if you look at many classical Buddhist texts you'll quickly see a ton of loanwords that make it significantly more difficult to read than the average text. Thus, it goes here for now. Look at Japan's 五山文学 ---> # [[/Two Buddhist Temples in Shanghai/]] <!--- 留雲禪寺 雲留雲翔領畧幾許禪機此地有雲散天開真如界。 塔內塔外普示無邊圓覺是故曰塔影雙照解脫門。 歲次壬午冬月吉旦。 覺醒敬撰。 楊胡生沐手恭書。 善信印利明敬獻。 ---> <!--- 福慧宝鼎 慧明大和尚 ---> # [[/Dipping your feet in with Wenyan Shu/]] <!--- 華亭 世尊遺法本忘言，教外別傳意已圓。 只履攜將蔥嶺去，不妨來上月明船。 ---> # [[/Foreseeing Monkhood with Yi Xing/]] <!--- 看命一掌金 ---> # [[/A Trip to Western Xia with Zhi Guang and Hui Zhen/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%91%AA%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%92%92%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> # [[/Jizang's Three Discourses/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%AB%96%E7%8E%84%E7%BE%A9 ---> ===Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples=== # [[/Qing dynasty Poetry with Nara Singde/]] <!--- 飲水詞 納蘭性德 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%B7 ---> # [[/Amassing Words with the Kangxi Emperor/]] <!--- Kangxi Dictionary Abstract - https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8 ---> # [[/Amassing Literature with the Qianlong Emperor/]] <!--- Siku Quanshu abstract https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE%E6%8F%90%E8%A6%81 ---> <!--- Yongzheng Emperor's Poetry https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D 《和碩怡賢親王祭文》 Also include 滿洲國 stuff to show the fall of the Qing and attempts to preserve it through becoming a Japanese puppet state. It is important to show how Literary Chinese can be misused as well. 滿洲國建國宣言 is a good shout, as is 法制 to prepare students who may be interested in Taiwan legal stuff later down the road. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E6%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B ---> ===Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature=== <!--- many writers here, will be difficult to sift through. Include 四库全書 abstracts and stuff here. ---> # [[/Jewish Refugees in Shanghai/]] <!--- Show passports, certificates, etc, from the Jewish Refugee Museum, anonymised. ---> # [[/A Literary Chinese Abstract/]] <!--- Abstracts from siku quanshu, probably want others ---> # [[/Lament with Lu Ruoteng/]] <!--- 《疑猜》盧若騰，東寧國 盟誓變為交質子，春秋戰國風如此；末世上下相疑猜, 更質妻子防逃徙。 此法只可羈庸奴，若遇梟雄術窮矣；妻可再娶子再育, 安能長坐針氈裏。 我贈一法君記存；推心置腹人知恩；眾人畜之眾人報, 幾個國士在君門。 盧若騰撰，陳漢光編輯，《島噫詩》，臺灣文獻叢刊第二四五種（臺北:臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1968年）21頁。 ---> ==References used for this page== * Yang, B. (2016). 文言语法 [Literary Chinese Grammar] (1st ed). 中华书局 [Zhonghua Book Company]. ISBN: 978-7-101-11619-9 * Priestley, K. E., & Shou-jung, C. (1962). China’s Men of Letters, Yesterday and Today. Dragonfly Books. {{BookCat}} rs7yebklxd84isrid36i8fdtwy0e3b4 4634426 4634425 2026-05-06T13:05:46Z Shira the Mogul 3560559 /* Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature */ 4634426 wikitext text/x-wiki __notoc__ Welcome to the Wikibook for Literary Chinese (Known as 漢文 "Han Language" in East Asia or 文言 "Literary Language" in China), aimed at individuals hoping to gain a general knowledge of it before progressing into genres they wish to be acquainted with. This is not the [[Classical Chinese]] textbook, which is aimed at Chinese Zhou-Qin era texts. This text aims to shed light on post-Zhou-Qin texts across East Asia, which mimic those texts. It does so through a "buffet" approach, showering you, the reader, with an ocean of texts of myriad genre. ==Table of Contents== === Front matter === * [[/Introduction/]] * [[/Appendices/]] === Useful resources === These are quick grab-bags that can be useful for vocabulary-building. * [[/Antonym List/]] <!--- 文/武，大/小，厚/薄，橫/縱...---> * [[/Collocation Groups/]] <!--- e.g. 四象，三靈…… ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等 Yan Fu's Qing-era translations for modern terms] <!--- Wikiversity has this (https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等) and the below, I will effectively be translating a lot of it! ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/上古語考輯 Communicative Terms] <!--- this will be translated eventually, but right now it's bad to just leave this here. ---> === Useful primers === Across history, many primers have been made for teaching Literary Chinese to children. These are a few that are recommended for use alongside this work, ideally in flashcards. * [https://www.fdgwz.org.cn/Web/Show/11308 倉頡篇] - Cangjie's Chapters, the earliest one. It is extant, but incomplete. It contains several rare characters, and so if used, I would personally recommend doing so later, or out of interest. * 三字經 - The Three Character Classic, an excellent piece for Confucian education. Pair with 弟子规 for best results. ** 三字經（太平天國版）- For Christians, there is a version made by Hong Xiuquan from the Taiping Rebellion. Despite the context, it is a legitimately useful primer and can be used to self-teach for the Delegate's Edition of the Christian Bible. * 千字文 - The Thousand Character Classic, a remarkable piece of constrained writing that only uses each character once. Amazing for building vocabulary whilst seeing historical allusions and the like. * 五字鑑 - The Five-Character Mirror, essentially the 24 Histories of China compressed into a primer. Uses 5-character couplets, the longest in this list. * 龍文鞭影 - The Shadow of Longwen's Whip, a historical allusion trainer. Best paired with a context piece. ===Unit 0: The Han script=== This unit is intended for those with no familiarity of the Han script. It will prepare you for the units ahead, teaching largely pictographic characters. By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around 30 characters. * Understand how characters are composed and how this gives them meaning. * Have a basic idea of how to handwrite and/or type characters. * Know some bare basics of Literary Chinese grammar (e.g. Basic word order, where adjectives go, lack of "is", 有...) Lessons: # [[/An Introduction to the Han Script/]] # [[/People, Big and Small/]] # [[/What are Chinese characters, anyway?/]] <!--- deploy several single-radical texts---> # [[/How do we write Chinese?/]] # [[/Tilling the Fields with 有/]] # [[/The Sun and the Moon/]] # [[/Weapons and Metals/]] # [[/Recognizing Phonetics/]] <!--- time to deploy my one-syllable articles! ---> # [[/Cangjie Created Characters/]] ===Unit 1: Basic Skills=== This unit is intended for those with minimal familiarity with the Han script and no familiarity with Literary Chinese. There is a focus on simple structures, skills for dissecting common textual structures, and short-form poetry in this unit. Before starting this unit, students should: * Recognise around ~30 characters. * Can use Cangjie input. * Have given Unit 0 a cursory glance. <br> By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around ~100 characters. * Comprehend numbers, the Heavenly Stems, and the Earthly Branches, and be able to use them to quantify time and date. * Intuit the basic topic -> comment idea behind Literary Chinese. "This, it is..." * Understand basic function words such as 也, 而, 有, and 謂. Lessons: # [[/The All-Purpose 也/]] # [[/An Introduction to Chinese Numbers/]] <!--- It is hard to find authentic materials for this ---> # [[/One, Two, Left, and Right with Gongsun Long/]] <!--- 曰：「二有一乎？」 曰：「二無一。」 曰：「二有右乎？」 曰：「二無右。」 曰：「二有左乎？」 曰：「二無左。」 曰：「右可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左與右可謂二乎？」 曰：「可。」 ---> # [[/The Heavenly Stems/]] <!--- Introduce ordinals, which will be used to demonstrate sentence patterns later. ---> # [[/Tell the Time with Earthly Branches/]] <!--- Introduce verbs and timekeeping ---> # [[/Lunar Dates with the Spring and Autumn Annals/]] <!--- Vocabulary: 歲，年，朔，月，日，來，前，初，正，春秋夏冬，曆，上，下. Consider including traditional names for months in a list. ---> # [[/Skimming for Major Events in Historical Annals/]] <!--- Don't simply use Confucius's Chunqiu: We can use texts inspired by it. E.g. 三國史記 - 十五年京城旱。秋七月，蝗。very few new characters, lots one can use. Instantly able to use. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B701 Skimming annals is very possible and a very useful skill. Don't skip out on it. Teach students to skim read!!! ---> # [[/Dinner with the Daimyo/]] <!-- 侍宴·大友皇子 皇明光日月，帝徳載天地。 三才併秦昌，万国表臣義。 --> # [[/In Discourse with Jibong/]] <!-- 芝峰類說 倭國謂田爲畠。謂水田爲田。火田爲畑。猶我國以水田爲畓也。故官名有畠山殿。地名有畑島云。 --> # [[/Shinto FAQ with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%81%93%E5%95%8F%E5%B0%8D 眞道問對 本田親徳 really good way of operationalising 乎 and much of the early grammar. 問 天帝無始無終乎。 對 天帝無始無終也。 旣以無始無終之力 與無始無終之體 造無始無終之萬物。 其功亦無始無終也。 問 天地大原在道乎。 對 天地大原實在道。 鬼神依道而立。 人民依道而活。 萬物依道而息。 This is great! ---> <!--- Some cool stuff I saw someone studying from https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B3%E6%BD%AD%E8%A8%98# https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%88%9F%E8%A8%98 Could be used for period focus ---> ===Unit 2: An Overview of Sinitic Poetry=== This unit will teach you how Sinitic Poetry operates; - that is, the way individuals in the Sinosphere compose poetry in Literary Chinese. Despite this language's fall out of favour in the past century, this tradition is still remarkably alive and well, and their short length makes them more accessible than elaborate prose. In this unit, you will begin from the ''Classic of Poetry'' before travelling through poems from the Tang dynasty, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, the Ryukyu Kingdom, and Korea. When introducing poetry, I will furthermore use the language from the nation it is from to show how it is recited by its people. After discussing the Classic of Poetry, we will also be a small detour into a discussion on Ping-Ze 平仄, the Tang dynasty system of alternating tones, so to produce rhyme on tonal and phonological levels. This had a major impact on Literary Chinese poetry as a whole! By the end of this Unit, students will: * Recognise around 120 more characters. * Be able to explain how Sinitic Poetry rhymes and the themes it contains. * Be able to use function words such as 在, 無, 不, 聿, and 于/於 in poetic contexts. * Recognise the switch between 吾/我 in the subject-object positions and demonstrate it in usage. * (Chinese speakers) Be able to differentiate 于 and 於, and understand the "interest(ed) in" meaning of 好 in most circumstances. <!--- Summary of the above part about 于 and 於 for other editors: 于 and 於 were distinct words for an extremely long time and were still such to Literary Chinese writers. Their "merging" through Simplified-Traditional Chinese distinctions is a very modern thing. I will summarise their usages here, using Pulleyblank's Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar (2000); * 于 - This can mean "to go" or "to/at". 黃鳥于飛 "The yellow birds go flying". Must be post-verbal. It can also appear in 至于. * 於 - This is an all-purpose locative preposition - from "on/at/in" to "from" or even "than" (甲於乙). The implication of motion is not there at all. Must be pre-verbal. It can also appear in 之於 or be an archaic noun for a crow 於 (烏). ---> Lessons: # [[/Across the Rivers with Emperor Puliuru Guang/]] <!--- 春江花月夜·楊廣 夜露含花氣，春潭漾月暉。 漢水逢遊女，湘川值二妃。 This is really simple and can elucidate Ping-Ze easily. ---> # [[/To Study the Odes/]] <!-- 蟋蟀·姬旦 國風·唐風 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其莫。今我不樂，日月其除。無已大康，職思其居。好樂無荒，良士瞿瞿。 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其逝。今我不樂，日月其邁。無已大康，職思其外。好樂無荒，良士蹶蹶。 蟋蟀在堂，役車其休。今我不樂，日月其慆。無已大康，職思其憂。好樂無荒，良士休休。 --> <!-- 黃鳥 小雅·鴻鴈之什 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于穀，無啄我粟。 此邦之人，不我肯穀。言旋言歸，復我邦族。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于桑，無啄我粱。 此邦之人，不可與明。言旋言歸，復我諸兄。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于栩，無啄我黍。 此邦之人，不可與處。言旋言歸，復我諸父。 --> # [[/A Detour into Orthodox Ping-Ze/]] <!--- 平 and 仄 are useful characters themselves. Show 仄 in the binomes 反仄，歉仄，逼仄 as it's often difficult to immediately use ---> # [[/The Restraint of Du Fu/]] # [[/The Longing of Li Bai/]] # [[/The Environment with Bukha Timur/]] <!--- 西湖竹枝詞·布哈特穆爾 湖上春歸人未歸，桃紅柳緑黄鶯飛。 桃花落時多結子，楊花落處秪沾衣。 宫词·布哈特穆爾 玉樓珠箔晚天涼，秋色依稀滿建章。 金井梧桐霜葉盡，自隨流水出宮牆。 Mongol writer from the Uyghur Kingdom of Gaochang Spammed Ctrl+F in https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E9%81%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%9D%E8%A9%A9_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC) ---> # [[/Pillow Talk with Guan Yunshi/]] <!--- 紅繡鞋·貫雲石 挨著靠著雲窗同坐，偎著抱著月枕雙歌，聽著數著愁著怕著早四更過。四更過情未足，情未足夜如梭。天哪，更閏一更兒妨甚么！ Uyghur author! ---> # [[/Buddhist Philosophy with Ngô Chân Lưu and Taisei Shōan/]] <!-- 元火·吳真流 木中元有火，元火復還生。 若為木無火，鉆燧何有萌。--> <!-- 杜鵑·大成聖安 夢覚孤床静 杜鵑帯雨飛 一声来近枕 何者不沾衣 --> # [[/Odes with Mō Taiei and Zheng Chengxun/]] <!-- 詠松·毛泰永 植體宜千仞，垂陰動百尋。 李膺真烈烈，和嶠自森森。 桃李何堪較，雪霜安得侵。 萬年身不老，種子又成林。 AKA Inoha Seiki 伊野波 盛紀 --> <!-- 詠班蘭·鄭成勛 南國多芳草，班蘭最有名。 深根將綠茁，長葉亦叢生。 取味迎賓合，入厨任水烹。 可憐經一用，擲棄不留情。 鄭成勛《樵隱詩集》 https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/dsprojects/sg-jiutishi/poem/827 --> # [[/On a Journey with Sa Dula/]] <!--- 無題·薩都剌 為客三年海上洲，故鄉何處瘴雲稠。 數千里外蠻人域，十八灘頭過客舟。 時有山禽呼姓字，或從海鳥作朋儔。 故人珂珮周旋處，紫殿風清十二樓。 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%A1%8C_(%E8%96%A9%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C) A naturalised Mongol scholar who made a beautiful poem. This'll be a capstone. ---> <!--- 朝中措·襄陽古道灞陵橋 襄陽古道灞陵橋，詩興與秋高。 千古風流人物，一時多少雄豪。 霜清玉塞，雲飛隴首，風落江皋。 夢到鳳凰台上，山圍故國周遭。 北郊晚步 陂水荷凋晚，茅檐燕去涼。 遠林明落景，平麓淡秋光。 群牧歸村巷，孤禽立野航。 自諳閑散樂，園圃意尤長。 Jurchen poet and grandson of Emperor Shizong of Jin. He's a Zen Buddhist, so we'll go back to him later. ---> ===Unit 3: Confucianism and the World=== This is a Confucian-themed unit with a smattering of other items. You will see the odd geography of the past, early linguistic philosophy, and terrifying breakaway states! By the end of this unit, students should be able to: * Recognise around 200+ characters. * Read basic annals and histories with some dictionary assistance, and comprehend 3-character structures reliably. * Have encountered basic grammatical points such as 之、乎、者、也、而、則、乃、所、以、於、于、與、且、蓋、and 夫. ** 於 and 于 should be distinguishable. * Survive a text of at least 250 characters and read for gist. Lessons: # [[/A Brief Overview of Confucianism/]] # [[/The Mountains with Yelü Tuyu/]] <!--- 立木海上刻詩 耶律圖欲 / 耶律倍 / 李贊華 小山壓大山，大山全無力。 羞見故鄉人，從此投外國。 ---> # [[/Is a White Horse a Horse?/]]<!-- Teach negation with 非 in 公孙龍子 and compare with 不 --> # [[/The Three Character Classic/]] # [[/Expressing Filial Conduct with Confucius and Hara Saihin/]] <!-- 次韻杏坪先生 父執有君孤不孤 相依遍接搢紳徒 区区自抱地方寸 杏杏重遊天一隅 羇雁飛鳴迷汝國 家人思夢入江都 如教志業青年遂 世上寧無逐臭夫 --> # [[/Confucianism and the Environment with Sai On/]]<!-- 木假山記 --> # [[/In Debate with Mencius/]] ===Unit 4: Women's Writing=== In this unit, women's writing from various areas of China will be explored. This is chiefly targeted at poetry and the themes within; from the feminine voice of the Classic of Poetry to the remonstrance towards the Khitan Emperor Tianzuo of Jin by his Consort Dasese. The role of women in courtly society is to be elucidated here! # [[/An Unmarried Life with Heo Nansŏrhŏn/]] <!--- 貧女吟 豈是乏容色。工鍼復工織。 少小長寒門。良媒不相識。 夜久織未休。戛戛鳴寒機。 機中一匹練。終作阿誰衣。 手把金翦刀。夜寒十指直。 爲人作嫁衣。年年還獨宿。 ---> # [[/Responding to Lord Trần with Hồ Xuân Hương/]] <!--- Responding to 陳光靜 Trần Quang Tĩnh 《和陳侯》 愧無才調使人驚，十載風塵貫耳鈴。 已是臨枰知敵手，莫須敲月苦殫精。 為輪為彈隨遭遇，誰鳳誰鶯任賦生。 造物於人何苟惜，明珠休向暗中呈。 莫須 is an important structure to teach here. ---> # [[/Gaze into the Autumn Night with Taisei Shōan/]] <!--- 秋夜偶成·大成聖安 長天浮爽気，月色興無窮 群犬吠山径，百蟲啼野風 悲秋秋夜永，感古古今同 自是孤窓下，凄然万慮空 ---> # [[/Visiting a Temple with Yu Xuanji/]] <!--- 遊崇真觀南樓覩新及第題名處 雲峰滿目放春晴，歷歷銀鈎指下生。 自恨羅衣掩詩句，擧頭空羨榜中名。 ---> # [[/Remonstrance with Dasese/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AB%B7%E8%AB%AB%E6%AD%8C 諷諫歌·大瑟瑟 勿嗟塞上兮暗紅塵。 勿傷多難兮畏夷人。 不如塞奸邪之路兮選取賢臣。 直須臥薪嚐膽兮激壯士之捐身。 可以朝清漠北兮夕枕燕雲。 Dasese (or 萧瑟瑟) was a Khitan consort to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao. She remonstrated him as the Jurchens were beginning to encroach upon the Khitan, and was forced to commit suicide for her remonstrance. Tianzuo would soon pay for his malfeasance. ---> # [[/The Love Songs of the Odes/]] <!--- 褰裳 子惠思我，褰裳涉溱。子不我思，豈無他人？狂童之狂也且！ 子惠思我，褰裳涉洧。子不我思，豈無他士？狂童之狂也且！ 柏舟 彼柏舟，在彼中河，髧彼兩髦，實維我儀，之死矢靡它，母也天只，不諒人只。 汎彼柏舟，在彼河側，髧彼兩髦，實維我特，之死矢靡慝，母也天只，不諒人只。 行露 厭浥行露，豈不夙夜，謂行多露。 誰謂雀無角？何以穿我屋？誰謂女無家？何以速我獄？雖速我獄，室家不足。 誰謂鼠無牙？何以穿我墉？誰謂女無家？何以速我訟？雖速我訟，亦不女從。 ---> # [[/Rules for Women with Ban Zhao/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%AA%A1 ---> # [[/The Tragedy of Cai Wenji/]] <!--- 悲憤詩 〔兩漢〕蔡文姬 漢季失權柄，董卓亂天常。 志欲圖篡弒，先害諸賢良。 逼迫遷舊邦，擁主以自強。 海內興義師，欲共討不祥。 卓眾來東下，金甲耀日光。 平土人脆弱，來兵皆胡羌。 獵野圍城邑，所向悉破亡。 斬截無孑遺，屍骸相撐拒。 馬邊懸男頭，馬後載婦女。 長驅西入關，迥路險且阻。 還顧邈冥冥，肝脾為爛腐。 所略有萬計，不得令屯聚。 或有骨肉俱，欲言不敢語。 失意幾微間，輒言斃降虜。 要當以亭刃，我曹不活汝。 豈復惜性命，不堪其詈罵。 或便加棰杖，毒痛參並下。 旦則號泣行，夜則悲吟坐。 欲死不能得，欲生無一可。 彼蒼者何辜，乃遭此厄禍。 邊荒與華異，人俗少義理。 處所多霜雪，胡風春夏起。 翩翩吹我衣，肅肅入我耳。 感時念父母，哀嘆無窮已。 有客從外來，聞之常歡喜。 迎問其消息，輒復非鄉里。 邂逅徼時願，骨肉來迎己。 己得自解免，當復棄兒子。 天屬綴人心，念別無會期。 存亡永乖隔，不忍與之辭。 兒前抱我頸，問母欲何之。 人言母當去，豈復有還時。 阿母常仁惻，今何更不慈。 我尚未成人，奈何不顧思。 見此崩五內，恍惚生狂痴。 號泣手撫摩，當發復回疑。 兼有同時輩，相送告離別。 慕我獨得歸，哀叫聲摧裂。 馬為立踟躕，車為不轉轍。 觀者皆噓唏，行路亦嗚咽。 去去割情戀，遄征日遐邁。 悠悠三千里，何時復交會。 念我出腹子，匈臆為摧敗。 既至家人盡，又復無中外。 城廓為山林，庭宇生荊艾。 白骨不知誰，縱橫莫覆蓋。 出門無人聲，豺狼號且吠。 煢煢對孤景，怛吒糜肝肺。 登高遠眺望，魂神忽飛逝。 奄若壽命盡，旁人相寬大。 為復強視息，雖生何聊賴。 託命於新人，竭心自勖勵。 流離成鄙賤，常恐復捐廢。 人生幾何時，懷憂終年歲。 ---> ===Unit 5: Myths and Legends of East Asia=== <!--- Shanhaijing, Zibuyu... Etc. Zhiguai literature. This aims to provide a counterpoint to what Confucius wouldn't discuss - thus Zibuyu. Going straight into Daoism isn't ideal. ---> # [[/Exploring the World of Mountains and Seas/]]<!-- Structure: 出焉 --> # [[/Oh, the Qilin!/]] <!--- Even here, the odes can be studied! ---> # [[/Ultimate Justice with Xiezhi/]] # [[/The Virtue of the Fenghuang/]] # [[/The Entrapment of Hua Po/]] # [[/Nüwa Created the World/]] ===Unit 6: Nation Focus - Japan=== # [[/The Inariyama Sword/]] <!--- short and sweet! ---> # [[/Entering Japan with Takeda Shingen/]] <!--- 便面蘆間有漁·武田信玄 山色水光烟接天，漁翁江上棹蘆辺 丹青若写得勝景，万里風波一釣船 便面半月照梅花·武田信玄 蘆葦清風垂頂絲，窺魚白鷺水生涯 江南記得曾遊夕，似見梨花院落時 島森哲男. (2015). 武田信玄漢詩校釈. 宮城教育大学紀要, 49, 333–352. https://mue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/440 似 is a really useful thing to teach early on. ---> # [[/The Oldest Inscription in Japan/]] <!--- 宇治橋断碑 ---> # [[/Remembering Conflict with Nakajima Noburu/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/6faa4d3e57a24e542db0375894f0ead5503218bb ---> # [[/Shinto Teachings with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%9F 本田親徳 道之大原 ---> # [[/The Diary of Fujiwara no Teika/]] <!--- 明月記 ---> # [[/Reading the History of Japan with Prince Toneri/]] <!--- 日本書記, etc. ---> <!--- # [[/Occupying Taiwan/]] ---> <!--- I have some colonial literature on me that can be used here. ---> ===Unit 7: Nation Focus - Korea=== <!--- 三國史記 for sure! ---> <!--- 放蟬賦 by Yi Kyubo ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%A0%A4%E9%BD%8B%E9%81%BA%E7%A8%BF 頤齋遺稿 黃胤錫 Joseon scholar! ---> # [[/An Elegy to the Empress with Choe Ja/]] <!--- Choe Ja 元德大后輓詞·崔滋（최자） 乾極曾客配,坤儀正體元。 枕前朝聖主,帳底見曾孫。 陰慘俄沉月,屋悲便沒軒。 三韓千古淚,七十九年恩。 ---> # [[/Language Reform with Sejong the Great/]] <!--- 訓民正音 https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/1ef2b42cc50055affaa5ef39c61b87ed31c34a60 multiple poems and descriptive terms, possibly the best capstone ---> ===Unit 8: Christian Literature=== # [[/A Different Three Character Classic with Hong Xiuquan/]] # [[/Friar Juan Cobo's Veritable Record/]] <!--- One of few texts from the Philippines that I have ever found! https://bnedigital.bne.es/bd/en/viewer?id=0160187c-9d9b-4f34-84d6-bc03fd310c69 ---> # [[/The Delegate's Edition/]] # [[/Nestorian Steles during the Tang/]] <!--- 大秦景教宣元至本經經幢 and 景教碑 ---> # [[/Hong Xiuquan's Bible/]] <!--- https://bible.fhl.net/ob/nob.html?book=407 ---> <!--- I don't want to focus too much on Hong Xiuquan here, so look for more material, especially from missionaries. ---> ===Unit 9: An Introduction to Daoism=== <!--- And now back to your regularly scheduled Zhuangzi/Laozi/Liezi. But with more interesting stuff. Trust! ---> # [[/Laozi Explains the Dao/]] <!--- 道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無欲，以觀其妙；常有欲，以觀其徼。此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。I can expect learners to recognise the stuff here. ---> # [[/Qingtan with Xie Daoyun/]] <!--- 謝道韞; mentioned in the sanzijing. could be good! 《泰山吟·謝道韞》 峩峩東嶽高，秀極衝青天。 巖中間虛宇，寂寞幽以玄。 非工復非匠，雲構發自然。 器象爾何物，遂令我屢遷。 逝將宅斯宇，可以盡天年。 《拟嵇中散咏松诗·謝道韞》 遙望山上松，隆冬不能凋。 願想遊不憩，瞻彼萬仞條。 騰躍未能升，頓足俟王喬。 時哉不我與，大運所飄遙。 ---> # [[/The Doubting Neighbour/]] # [[/Kuafu Chases the Sun/]] # [[/The Frog in a Well/]] # [[/Wu wei with King Hui of Liang/]] # [[/The Old Man that Moves the Mountains/]] # [[/Master Zhuang Dreams of Butterflies/]] <!--- Currently very stereotypical, but there's stuff to work with at least. Need to include those weird Daoist characters among other things. ---> ===Unit 10: Nation Focus - Ryukyu Kingdom=== # [[/Historical Annals with Sai On/]] <!--- Kyuko is an easy cop ---> # [[/The Enthronement of Shō Tei/]] <!--- 康熙二十二年封王尚貞敕 皇帝敕諭琉球國中山王世子尚貞：惟爾遠處海隅，虔修職貢；屬在塚嗣，序應承祧。以朝命未膺，罔敢專擅；恪遵典制，奉表請封。朕念爾世守臣節，忠誠可嘉！特遣正使翰林院檢討汪楫、副使內閣中書舍人加一級林麟焻，齎敕封爾為琉球國中山王，並賜爾及妃文幣等物。爾祗承寵眷，懋紹先猷；輯和臣民，慎固封守：用安宗社於苞桑，永作天家之屏翰。欽哉，毋替朕命！故諭。 Teach imperial edicts. Consider seeing if there's a letter of acceptance from Shō Tei. Recorded in 琉球國志略 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=966326 ---> # [[/The Twilight of Ryukyu with Shō Ten/]] <!--- 神田酒樓街燈 尚典 酒樓今秋設芳筵， 一望街燈燦燦連。 烟氣引來通柱上， 光爭星月照神田。 ---> # [[/A Trip to Ryukyu with Luo Sen/]] <!--- Pre-Capstone ---> <!--- 遐邇貫珍 1854-11 - 日本日記 羅森 https://archive.org/details/HEKC185411/page/n5/mode/1up A solid description of Ryukyu cultural customs in Volume 11. Absolutely incredible. 日三日火船直向東北而駛出了臺灣之外幾日不見天涯是時北風大作波浪沖天火船亦甚飄蕩而不能立見有沙鷗隨風而逐浪心直駛七日漸見小山而到琉球琉球一國長闊一百七十五里其國城在地球圖緯線赤道之北二十六度十四分經線中華北京偏東十一度二十四分自明以來世封王爵叨列藩籬其處土產不過蔬菜番薯菜油黑糖等類人民束髻大補是穿草履男女粧飾頭上祇插一簪二簪為別故少年之男女瞥目則無異及其壯也皆留鬚髯故街上長鬚之人甚多甲寅正月初一予上岸遊玩見街上兒童甚多分以銅錢各極歡喜人民亦甚謙恭民居間亦貼新春聯于門外但不見有別等繁華之事那霸有寺寺內有園是名家世宦之墳所以石刊刻姓名年號于碑上每日道人打掃供奉生花樹葉于墓前另有人家祖墳與中國之明塚無異峰巒之上樹木多植民房則以蠻石圍墻內以茅草結屋而居佳物椅棹俱無惟以草蓆屈膝而坐對火盆而吹煙民間亦有識中國言語字墨者 不張舖店惟有墟塲男不貿易婦女為之以貨易貨而外方之金銀弗尚焉然而百姓亦甚畏官長飲食亦甚粗粕甘守樸儉不務奢華亦鮮欺詐板門紙窓夜間亦不防竊曾見途中撿物亦能以返原人公門之內冷冷落落並無案牘之煩淳樸之風畧有同于上古之世我等外國之欲買什物須言于官官為代辦正月初六提督被理衛廉士等一班將官布列威嚴與予乘轎至王宮總理大臣尚宏勳為主席布政大夫馬良才為知客享宴甚豐食物多與中國無異宴後各官皆饋有紙扇烟包布帛等項是物雖粗此亦世子之恭敬外國故亞國亦以禮物而返贈之世子王宮離岸三里在于山頂是名守禮將至其宮一路亦有樹木石牌坊宮室亦甚寬大幽雅垣局可觀其處多栽鳳尾草森樹等類以障陰山邊田土樹藝五穀近海沙田水漲之後人收其沙以煎鹽此時明月當圓予覽山川亦足見一方之風景 ---> <!--- 中山世鑑 and so on. Lots of poetry too. ---> ===Unit 11: Nation Focus - Singapore=== <!--- National Library of Singapore has a poetry series that's super good! ---> ===Unit 12: Literary Chinese in Medicine=== <!--- do not endorse the medical practices discussed in these...make sure to link back to the heavenly stems here as they are associated with specific body parts. ---> # [[/Deviant Qi with Zhang Congzheng/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%84%92%E9%96%80%E4%BA%8B%E8%A6%AA ---> # [[/Anatomy with Sugita Genpaku/]] <!--- 解体新書 ---> ===Unit 13: People Focus - Zhuang peoples=== <!--- https://mooc1.chaoxing.com/mooc-ans/ztnodedetailcontroller/visitnodedetail?courseId=84745403&knowledgeId=84745463&_from_=&_fromV2_=&rtag= 《峤西诗钞》 is also a really good shout. ---> <!--- Basically, there are Zhuang and Tangut peoples who wrote in Literary Chinese, and their inclusion here is to show that even those who made their own scripts would use this tongue. 张鸿翮 imported the character 朴 to describe a bug, for example. ---> # [[/Zhuang poetry with Zhang Honghe/]] <!--- https://wenyi.gmw.cn/2024-06/25/content_37398911.htm 一是忠实记录了汉诗创作与古壮字交融的文化现象。清代壮族诗人张鸿翮（hé）《大塘谣》（《峤西诗钞》卷二）云： 去了休。去到大塘红蓼洲。红蓼生花，不结子。绿朴生花，毬见毬。 诗中所说“绿朴”，是壮族对柚子的惯称。“柚子”，壮语发音为“bug”。根据《古壮字字典》，其对应的古壮字为“朴（㭪）”。诗人将古壮字运用到汉文诗歌创作中，刻下了明清壮汉文化交相辉映的注脚。 This sort of thing is why Zhuang and Tangut inclusion is important, as they show how flexible Literary Chinese can be. ---> <!--- Possible Jurchen/Khitan focus? 耶律楚材 - Served 窝阔台, 玄風慶會錄 is short and respectable enough to work with. ---> ===Unit 14: People Focus - Tangut peoples=== <!--- 羅福萇 and 羅振玉 wrote studies on Western Xia / Tangut script. Look for poets and stuff. ---> ===Unit 15: Literary Chinese in the Military=== <!--- Real Sun Zi hours! 7 Military Classics are an obvious shout, but look for more stuff too. ---> # [[/Going to war with Boyan/]] <!--- Boyan's Poem from the 元史 　　伯顏，蒙古巴林部人。至元十一年拜中書左丞相，總兵伐宋。官至開府儀同三司，薨贈太師，封淮安王，諡忠武。 　　《玉堂嘉話》：初，宋未下時，江南謠云：「江南若破，白雁來過。」當時莫喻其意。及宋亡，蓋知指丞相巴延也。 　　過梅嶺岡留題 馬首經從庾嶺回 【 庾嶺回　七修類稿（乾隆刊本）卷四十六作「嶺島歸」。】 ，王師到處悉平夷。擔頭不帶江南物，只插梅花一兩枝。 　　《七修類藳》：伯顏下江南，過金陵梅嶺岡詩云云。所以著名，亦有是善。 ---> # [[/An Edict from the Xianbei/]] <!--- 教義詔 楊廣 武有七德，先之以安民。政有六本，興之以教義。高麗高元，虧失藩禮，將欲問罪遼左，恢宣勝略。雖懷伐國，仍事省方。今往涿郡，巡撫民俗。其河北諸郡及山西、山東年九十已上者，版授太守；八十者，授縣令。 ---> # [[/The Suppression of the Kingdom of Dongning/]] <!--- 台灣鄭氏始末 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=139938 Largely a record of wars in Dongning rather than anything about the trade etc, so it fits here. ---> # [[/The Shunzhi Emperor vs Li Zicheng/]] <!--- 順治帝 告示 逆酋李自成已於通城斃命，各地鄉勇務隨我軍剿殺逆賊殘餘,凡有斬獲逆酋及擒獲逆酋交我軍者，一經驗證，按軍功論級給賞，必以示我朝皇恩浩蕩。 大清順治二年五月二十四日 恩詔 今月何日，為國曆改歲之履端,即為永昌書元之紀念？緬惟我朝民眾，三元肇慶，四始發祥。陳椒酒以飛觴，躋堂介壽；換桃符以獻歲，辟戶書新。翹望德容，河勝額手。今山河如舊，歲序更新;今天下同春，咸頒麗澤。願我朝君臣與萬民同樂，共沐化日光天，方不虛度韶華。 永昌二年新正初一 There's probably better choices here. Review. ---> ===Unit 16: Nation Focus - Vietnam=== <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/cfe6700e01f6fd59616a375d31aa8cd096677be1 this first ---> # [[/Ancestor Veneration with the Descendants of Zhu Xi/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/tree/main/corpus%2F%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%2Fclean somewhere in here ---> # [[/Spreading Revolutionary Consciousness with Phan Bội Châu and Liang Qichao/]] <!--- 越南亡國史 Possibly the most important text in Vietnamese history, not even gonna lie. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2 ---> # [[/Academia in Literary Chinese between East and West/]] <!--- 南風雜誌 is a massive shout here. Absolutely amazing series. ---> ===Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae=== <!--- 永樂大典 will teach how to infer from gaps in texts! 《編類》 is an incredibly interesting essay from here that can bring up the odes and Confucius's「思無邪」quote. It can prepare students for the wrath of Qing academia later. ---> # [[/The History of Liao, Jin, and Song with Toqto'a/]] <!--- 脱脱 ---> # [[/Two Years in the Forbidden City with Yu Deling/]] <!--- 清宮禁二年記 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%AE%AE%E7%A6%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%A8%98 ---> # [[/Excerpts from a Modern History of the Da Shun/]] <!--- Fair Use of a 2010 book written in Literary Chinese about the Da Shun dynasty. Limit to 500 characters, if that. Use to encourage recognition of Simplified variants and modern Wenyanwen. ---> ===Unit 18: Buddhist Literature=== <!--- You would be forgiven for wondering why this is so late, but if you look at many classical Buddhist texts you'll quickly see a ton of loanwords that make it significantly more difficult to read than the average text. Thus, it goes here for now. Look at Japan's 五山文学 ---> # [[/Two Buddhist Temples in Shanghai/]] <!--- 留雲禪寺 雲留雲翔領畧幾許禪機此地有雲散天開真如界。 塔內塔外普示無邊圓覺是故曰塔影雙照解脫門。 歲次壬午冬月吉旦。 覺醒敬撰。 楊胡生沐手恭書。 善信印利明敬獻。 ---> <!--- 福慧宝鼎 慧明大和尚 ---> # [[/Dipping your feet in with Wenyan Shu/]] <!--- 華亭 世尊遺法本忘言，教外別傳意已圓。 只履攜將蔥嶺去，不妨來上月明船。 ---> # [[/Foreseeing Monkhood with Yi Xing/]] <!--- 看命一掌金 ---> # [[/A Trip to Western Xia with Zhi Guang and Hui Zhen/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%91%AA%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%92%92%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> # [[/Jizang's Three Discourses/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%AB%96%E7%8E%84%E7%BE%A9 ---> ===Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples=== # [[/Qing dynasty Poetry with Nara Singde/]] <!--- 飲水詞 納蘭性德 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%B7 ---> # [[/Amassing Words with the Kangxi Emperor/]] <!--- Kangxi Dictionary Abstract - https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8 ---> # [[/Amassing Literature with the Qianlong Emperor/]] <!--- Siku Quanshu abstract https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE%E6%8F%90%E8%A6%81 ---> <!--- Yongzheng Emperor's Poetry https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D 《和碩怡賢親王祭文》 Also include 滿洲國 stuff to show the fall of the Qing and attempts to preserve it through becoming a Japanese puppet state. It is important to show how Literary Chinese can be misused as well. 滿洲國建國宣言 is a good shout, as is 法制 to prepare students who may be interested in Taiwan legal stuff later down the road. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E6%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B ---> ===Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature=== <!--- many writers here, will be difficult to sift through. Include 四库全書 abstracts and stuff here. ---> # [[/Jewish Refugees in Shanghai/]] <!--- Show passports, certificates, etc, from the Jewish Refugee Museum, anonymised. ---> # [[/A Literary Chinese Abstract/]] <!--- Abstracts from siku quanshu, probably want others ---> # [[/Lament with Lu Ruoteng/]] <!--- 《疑猜》盧若騰，東寧國 盟誓變為交質子，春秋戰國風如此；末世上下相疑猜, 更質妻子防逃徙。 此法只可羈庸奴，若遇梟雄術窮矣；妻可再娶子再育, 安能長坐針氈裏。 我贈一法君記存；推心置腹人知恩；眾人畜之眾人報, 幾個國士在君門。 盧若騰撰，陳漢光編輯，《島噫詩》，臺灣文獻叢刊第二四五種（臺北:臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1968年）21頁。 ---> # [[/Common Linguistics Knowledge in the RoC/]] <!--- 音韻常識 ---> ==References used for this page== * Yang, B. (2016). 文言语法 [Literary Chinese Grammar] (1st ed). 中华书局 [Zhonghua Book Company]. ISBN: 978-7-101-11619-9 * Priestley, K. E., & Shou-jung, C. (1962). China’s Men of Letters, Yesterday and Today. Dragonfly Books. {{BookCat}} 8b6ctope8rfvegu42v505xext8z2w8t 4634427 4634426 2026-05-06T13:10:58Z Shira the Mogul 3560559 /* Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae */ 4634427 wikitext text/x-wiki __notoc__ Welcome to the Wikibook for Literary Chinese (Known as 漢文 "Han Language" in East Asia or 文言 "Literary Language" in China), aimed at individuals hoping to gain a general knowledge of it before progressing into genres they wish to be acquainted with. This is not the [[Classical Chinese]] textbook, which is aimed at Chinese Zhou-Qin era texts. This text aims to shed light on post-Zhou-Qin texts across East Asia, which mimic those texts. It does so through a "buffet" approach, showering you, the reader, with an ocean of texts of myriad genre. ==Table of Contents== === Front matter === * [[/Introduction/]] * [[/Appendices/]] === Useful resources === These are quick grab-bags that can be useful for vocabulary-building. * [[/Antonym List/]] <!--- 文/武，大/小，厚/薄，橫/縱...---> * [[/Collocation Groups/]] <!--- e.g. 四象，三靈…… ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等 Yan Fu's Qing-era translations for modern terms] <!--- Wikiversity has this (https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等) and the below, I will effectively be translating a lot of it! ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/上古語考輯 Communicative Terms] <!--- this will be translated eventually, but right now it's bad to just leave this here. ---> === Useful primers === Across history, many primers have been made for teaching Literary Chinese to children. These are a few that are recommended for use alongside this work, ideally in flashcards. * [https://www.fdgwz.org.cn/Web/Show/11308 倉頡篇] - Cangjie's Chapters, the earliest one. It is extant, but incomplete. It contains several rare characters, and so if used, I would personally recommend doing so later, or out of interest. * 三字經 - The Three Character Classic, an excellent piece for Confucian education. Pair with 弟子规 for best results. ** 三字經（太平天國版）- For Christians, there is a version made by Hong Xiuquan from the Taiping Rebellion. Despite the context, it is a legitimately useful primer and can be used to self-teach for the Delegate's Edition of the Christian Bible. * 千字文 - The Thousand Character Classic, a remarkable piece of constrained writing that only uses each character once. Amazing for building vocabulary whilst seeing historical allusions and the like. * 五字鑑 - The Five-Character Mirror, essentially the 24 Histories of China compressed into a primer. Uses 5-character couplets, the longest in this list. * 龍文鞭影 - The Shadow of Longwen's Whip, a historical allusion trainer. Best paired with a context piece. ===Unit 0: The Han script=== This unit is intended for those with no familiarity of the Han script. It will prepare you for the units ahead, teaching largely pictographic characters. By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around 30 characters. * Understand how characters are composed and how this gives them meaning. * Have a basic idea of how to handwrite and/or type characters. * Know some bare basics of Literary Chinese grammar (e.g. Basic word order, where adjectives go, lack of "is", 有...) Lessons: # [[/An Introduction to the Han Script/]] # [[/People, Big and Small/]] # [[/What are Chinese characters, anyway?/]] <!--- deploy several single-radical texts---> # [[/How do we write Chinese?/]] # [[/Tilling the Fields with 有/]] # [[/The Sun and the Moon/]] # [[/Weapons and Metals/]] # [[/Recognizing Phonetics/]] <!--- time to deploy my one-syllable articles! ---> # [[/Cangjie Created Characters/]] ===Unit 1: Basic Skills=== This unit is intended for those with minimal familiarity with the Han script and no familiarity with Literary Chinese. There is a focus on simple structures, skills for dissecting common textual structures, and short-form poetry in this unit. Before starting this unit, students should: * Recognise around ~30 characters. * Can use Cangjie input. * Have given Unit 0 a cursory glance. <br> By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around ~100 characters. * Comprehend numbers, the Heavenly Stems, and the Earthly Branches, and be able to use them to quantify time and date. * Intuit the basic topic -> comment idea behind Literary Chinese. "This, it is..." * Understand basic function words such as 也, 而, 有, and 謂. Lessons: # [[/The All-Purpose 也/]] # [[/An Introduction to Chinese Numbers/]] <!--- It is hard to find authentic materials for this ---> # [[/One, Two, Left, and Right with Gongsun Long/]] <!--- 曰：「二有一乎？」 曰：「二無一。」 曰：「二有右乎？」 曰：「二無右。」 曰：「二有左乎？」 曰：「二無左。」 曰：「右可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左與右可謂二乎？」 曰：「可。」 ---> # [[/The Heavenly Stems/]] <!--- Introduce ordinals, which will be used to demonstrate sentence patterns later. ---> # [[/Tell the Time with Earthly Branches/]] <!--- Introduce verbs and timekeeping ---> # [[/Lunar Dates with the Spring and Autumn Annals/]] <!--- Vocabulary: 歲，年，朔，月，日，來，前，初，正，春秋夏冬，曆，上，下. Consider including traditional names for months in a list. ---> # [[/Skimming for Major Events in Historical Annals/]] <!--- Don't simply use Confucius's Chunqiu: We can use texts inspired by it. E.g. 三國史記 - 十五年京城旱。秋七月，蝗。very few new characters, lots one can use. Instantly able to use. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B701 Skimming annals is very possible and a very useful skill. Don't skip out on it. Teach students to skim read!!! ---> # [[/Dinner with the Daimyo/]] <!-- 侍宴·大友皇子 皇明光日月，帝徳載天地。 三才併秦昌，万国表臣義。 --> # [[/In Discourse with Jibong/]] <!-- 芝峰類說 倭國謂田爲畠。謂水田爲田。火田爲畑。猶我國以水田爲畓也。故官名有畠山殿。地名有畑島云。 --> # [[/Shinto FAQ with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%81%93%E5%95%8F%E5%B0%8D 眞道問對 本田親徳 really good way of operationalising 乎 and much of the early grammar. 問 天帝無始無終乎。 對 天帝無始無終也。 旣以無始無終之力 與無始無終之體 造無始無終之萬物。 其功亦無始無終也。 問 天地大原在道乎。 對 天地大原實在道。 鬼神依道而立。 人民依道而活。 萬物依道而息。 This is great! ---> <!--- Some cool stuff I saw someone studying from https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B3%E6%BD%AD%E8%A8%98# https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%88%9F%E8%A8%98 Could be used for period focus ---> ===Unit 2: An Overview of Sinitic Poetry=== This unit will teach you how Sinitic Poetry operates; - that is, the way individuals in the Sinosphere compose poetry in Literary Chinese. Despite this language's fall out of favour in the past century, this tradition is still remarkably alive and well, and their short length makes them more accessible than elaborate prose. In this unit, you will begin from the ''Classic of Poetry'' before travelling through poems from the Tang dynasty, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, the Ryukyu Kingdom, and Korea. When introducing poetry, I will furthermore use the language from the nation it is from to show how it is recited by its people. After discussing the Classic of Poetry, we will also be a small detour into a discussion on Ping-Ze 平仄, the Tang dynasty system of alternating tones, so to produce rhyme on tonal and phonological levels. This had a major impact on Literary Chinese poetry as a whole! By the end of this Unit, students will: * Recognise around 120 more characters. * Be able to explain how Sinitic Poetry rhymes and the themes it contains. * Be able to use function words such as 在, 無, 不, 聿, and 于/於 in poetic contexts. * Recognise the switch between 吾/我 in the subject-object positions and demonstrate it in usage. * (Chinese speakers) Be able to differentiate 于 and 於, and understand the "interest(ed) in" meaning of 好 in most circumstances. <!--- Summary of the above part about 于 and 於 for other editors: 于 and 於 were distinct words for an extremely long time and were still such to Literary Chinese writers. Their "merging" through Simplified-Traditional Chinese distinctions is a very modern thing. I will summarise their usages here, using Pulleyblank's Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar (2000); * 于 - This can mean "to go" or "to/at". 黃鳥于飛 "The yellow birds go flying". Must be post-verbal. It can also appear in 至于. * 於 - This is an all-purpose locative preposition - from "on/at/in" to "from" or even "than" (甲於乙). The implication of motion is not there at all. Must be pre-verbal. It can also appear in 之於 or be an archaic noun for a crow 於 (烏). ---> Lessons: # [[/Across the Rivers with Emperor Puliuru Guang/]] <!--- 春江花月夜·楊廣 夜露含花氣，春潭漾月暉。 漢水逢遊女，湘川值二妃。 This is really simple and can elucidate Ping-Ze easily. ---> # [[/To Study the Odes/]] <!-- 蟋蟀·姬旦 國風·唐風 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其莫。今我不樂，日月其除。無已大康，職思其居。好樂無荒，良士瞿瞿。 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其逝。今我不樂，日月其邁。無已大康，職思其外。好樂無荒，良士蹶蹶。 蟋蟀在堂，役車其休。今我不樂，日月其慆。無已大康，職思其憂。好樂無荒，良士休休。 --> <!-- 黃鳥 小雅·鴻鴈之什 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于穀，無啄我粟。 此邦之人，不我肯穀。言旋言歸，復我邦族。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于桑，無啄我粱。 此邦之人，不可與明。言旋言歸，復我諸兄。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于栩，無啄我黍。 此邦之人，不可與處。言旋言歸，復我諸父。 --> # [[/A Detour into Orthodox Ping-Ze/]] <!--- 平 and 仄 are useful characters themselves. Show 仄 in the binomes 反仄，歉仄，逼仄 as it's often difficult to immediately use ---> # [[/The Restraint of Du Fu/]] # [[/The Longing of Li Bai/]] # [[/The Environment with Bukha Timur/]] <!--- 西湖竹枝詞·布哈特穆爾 湖上春歸人未歸，桃紅柳緑黄鶯飛。 桃花落時多結子，楊花落處秪沾衣。 宫词·布哈特穆爾 玉樓珠箔晚天涼，秋色依稀滿建章。 金井梧桐霜葉盡，自隨流水出宮牆。 Mongol writer from the Uyghur Kingdom of Gaochang Spammed Ctrl+F in https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E9%81%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%9D%E8%A9%A9_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC) ---> # [[/Pillow Talk with Guan Yunshi/]] <!--- 紅繡鞋·貫雲石 挨著靠著雲窗同坐，偎著抱著月枕雙歌，聽著數著愁著怕著早四更過。四更過情未足，情未足夜如梭。天哪，更閏一更兒妨甚么！ Uyghur author! ---> # [[/Buddhist Philosophy with Ngô Chân Lưu and Taisei Shōan/]] <!-- 元火·吳真流 木中元有火，元火復還生。 若為木無火，鉆燧何有萌。--> <!-- 杜鵑·大成聖安 夢覚孤床静 杜鵑帯雨飛 一声来近枕 何者不沾衣 --> # [[/Odes with Mō Taiei and Zheng Chengxun/]] <!-- 詠松·毛泰永 植體宜千仞，垂陰動百尋。 李膺真烈烈，和嶠自森森。 桃李何堪較，雪霜安得侵。 萬年身不老，種子又成林。 AKA Inoha Seiki 伊野波 盛紀 --> <!-- 詠班蘭·鄭成勛 南國多芳草，班蘭最有名。 深根將綠茁，長葉亦叢生。 取味迎賓合，入厨任水烹。 可憐經一用，擲棄不留情。 鄭成勛《樵隱詩集》 https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/dsprojects/sg-jiutishi/poem/827 --> # [[/On a Journey with Sa Dula/]] <!--- 無題·薩都剌 為客三年海上洲，故鄉何處瘴雲稠。 數千里外蠻人域，十八灘頭過客舟。 時有山禽呼姓字，或從海鳥作朋儔。 故人珂珮周旋處，紫殿風清十二樓。 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%A1%8C_(%E8%96%A9%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C) A naturalised Mongol scholar who made a beautiful poem. This'll be a capstone. ---> <!--- 朝中措·襄陽古道灞陵橋 襄陽古道灞陵橋，詩興與秋高。 千古風流人物，一時多少雄豪。 霜清玉塞，雲飛隴首，風落江皋。 夢到鳳凰台上，山圍故國周遭。 北郊晚步 陂水荷凋晚，茅檐燕去涼。 遠林明落景，平麓淡秋光。 群牧歸村巷，孤禽立野航。 自諳閑散樂，園圃意尤長。 Jurchen poet and grandson of Emperor Shizong of Jin. He's a Zen Buddhist, so we'll go back to him later. ---> ===Unit 3: Confucianism and the World=== This is a Confucian-themed unit with a smattering of other items. You will see the odd geography of the past, early linguistic philosophy, and terrifying breakaway states! By the end of this unit, students should be able to: * Recognise around 200+ characters. * Read basic annals and histories with some dictionary assistance, and comprehend 3-character structures reliably. * Have encountered basic grammatical points such as 之、乎、者、也、而、則、乃、所、以、於、于、與、且、蓋、and 夫. ** 於 and 于 should be distinguishable. * Survive a text of at least 250 characters and read for gist. Lessons: # [[/A Brief Overview of Confucianism/]] # [[/The Mountains with Yelü Tuyu/]] <!--- 立木海上刻詩 耶律圖欲 / 耶律倍 / 李贊華 小山壓大山，大山全無力。 羞見故鄉人，從此投外國。 ---> # [[/Is a White Horse a Horse?/]]<!-- Teach negation with 非 in 公孙龍子 and compare with 不 --> # [[/The Three Character Classic/]] # [[/Expressing Filial Conduct with Confucius and Hara Saihin/]] <!-- 次韻杏坪先生 父執有君孤不孤 相依遍接搢紳徒 区区自抱地方寸 杏杏重遊天一隅 羇雁飛鳴迷汝國 家人思夢入江都 如教志業青年遂 世上寧無逐臭夫 --> # [[/Confucianism and the Environment with Sai On/]]<!-- 木假山記 --> # [[/In Debate with Mencius/]] ===Unit 4: Women's Writing=== In this unit, women's writing from various areas of China will be explored. This is chiefly targeted at poetry and the themes within; from the feminine voice of the Classic of Poetry to the remonstrance towards the Khitan Emperor Tianzuo of Jin by his Consort Dasese. The role of women in courtly society is to be elucidated here! # [[/An Unmarried Life with Heo Nansŏrhŏn/]] <!--- 貧女吟 豈是乏容色。工鍼復工織。 少小長寒門。良媒不相識。 夜久織未休。戛戛鳴寒機。 機中一匹練。終作阿誰衣。 手把金翦刀。夜寒十指直。 爲人作嫁衣。年年還獨宿。 ---> # [[/Responding to Lord Trần with Hồ Xuân Hương/]] <!--- Responding to 陳光靜 Trần Quang Tĩnh 《和陳侯》 愧無才調使人驚，十載風塵貫耳鈴。 已是臨枰知敵手，莫須敲月苦殫精。 為輪為彈隨遭遇，誰鳳誰鶯任賦生。 造物於人何苟惜，明珠休向暗中呈。 莫須 is an important structure to teach here. ---> # [[/Gaze into the Autumn Night with Taisei Shōan/]] <!--- 秋夜偶成·大成聖安 長天浮爽気，月色興無窮 群犬吠山径，百蟲啼野風 悲秋秋夜永，感古古今同 自是孤窓下，凄然万慮空 ---> # [[/Visiting a Temple with Yu Xuanji/]] <!--- 遊崇真觀南樓覩新及第題名處 雲峰滿目放春晴，歷歷銀鈎指下生。 自恨羅衣掩詩句，擧頭空羨榜中名。 ---> # [[/Remonstrance with Dasese/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AB%B7%E8%AB%AB%E6%AD%8C 諷諫歌·大瑟瑟 勿嗟塞上兮暗紅塵。 勿傷多難兮畏夷人。 不如塞奸邪之路兮選取賢臣。 直須臥薪嚐膽兮激壯士之捐身。 可以朝清漠北兮夕枕燕雲。 Dasese (or 萧瑟瑟) was a Khitan consort to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao. She remonstrated him as the Jurchens were beginning to encroach upon the Khitan, and was forced to commit suicide for her remonstrance. Tianzuo would soon pay for his malfeasance. ---> # [[/The Love Songs of the Odes/]] <!--- 褰裳 子惠思我，褰裳涉溱。子不我思，豈無他人？狂童之狂也且！ 子惠思我，褰裳涉洧。子不我思，豈無他士？狂童之狂也且！ 柏舟 彼柏舟，在彼中河，髧彼兩髦，實維我儀，之死矢靡它，母也天只，不諒人只。 汎彼柏舟，在彼河側，髧彼兩髦，實維我特，之死矢靡慝，母也天只，不諒人只。 行露 厭浥行露，豈不夙夜，謂行多露。 誰謂雀無角？何以穿我屋？誰謂女無家？何以速我獄？雖速我獄，室家不足。 誰謂鼠無牙？何以穿我墉？誰謂女無家？何以速我訟？雖速我訟，亦不女從。 ---> # [[/Rules for Women with Ban Zhao/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%AA%A1 ---> # [[/The Tragedy of Cai Wenji/]] <!--- 悲憤詩 〔兩漢〕蔡文姬 漢季失權柄，董卓亂天常。 志欲圖篡弒，先害諸賢良。 逼迫遷舊邦，擁主以自強。 海內興義師，欲共討不祥。 卓眾來東下，金甲耀日光。 平土人脆弱，來兵皆胡羌。 獵野圍城邑，所向悉破亡。 斬截無孑遺，屍骸相撐拒。 馬邊懸男頭，馬後載婦女。 長驅西入關，迥路險且阻。 還顧邈冥冥，肝脾為爛腐。 所略有萬計，不得令屯聚。 或有骨肉俱，欲言不敢語。 失意幾微間，輒言斃降虜。 要當以亭刃，我曹不活汝。 豈復惜性命，不堪其詈罵。 或便加棰杖，毒痛參並下。 旦則號泣行，夜則悲吟坐。 欲死不能得，欲生無一可。 彼蒼者何辜，乃遭此厄禍。 邊荒與華異，人俗少義理。 處所多霜雪，胡風春夏起。 翩翩吹我衣，肅肅入我耳。 感時念父母，哀嘆無窮已。 有客從外來，聞之常歡喜。 迎問其消息，輒復非鄉里。 邂逅徼時願，骨肉來迎己。 己得自解免，當復棄兒子。 天屬綴人心，念別無會期。 存亡永乖隔，不忍與之辭。 兒前抱我頸，問母欲何之。 人言母當去，豈復有還時。 阿母常仁惻，今何更不慈。 我尚未成人，奈何不顧思。 見此崩五內，恍惚生狂痴。 號泣手撫摩，當發復回疑。 兼有同時輩，相送告離別。 慕我獨得歸，哀叫聲摧裂。 馬為立踟躕，車為不轉轍。 觀者皆噓唏，行路亦嗚咽。 去去割情戀，遄征日遐邁。 悠悠三千里，何時復交會。 念我出腹子，匈臆為摧敗。 既至家人盡，又復無中外。 城廓為山林，庭宇生荊艾。 白骨不知誰，縱橫莫覆蓋。 出門無人聲，豺狼號且吠。 煢煢對孤景，怛吒糜肝肺。 登高遠眺望，魂神忽飛逝。 奄若壽命盡，旁人相寬大。 為復強視息，雖生何聊賴。 託命於新人，竭心自勖勵。 流離成鄙賤，常恐復捐廢。 人生幾何時，懷憂終年歲。 ---> ===Unit 5: Myths and Legends of East Asia=== <!--- Shanhaijing, Zibuyu... Etc. Zhiguai literature. This aims to provide a counterpoint to what Confucius wouldn't discuss - thus Zibuyu. Going straight into Daoism isn't ideal. ---> # [[/Exploring the World of Mountains and Seas/]]<!-- Structure: 出焉 --> # [[/Oh, the Qilin!/]] <!--- Even here, the odes can be studied! ---> # [[/Ultimate Justice with Xiezhi/]] # [[/The Virtue of the Fenghuang/]] # [[/The Entrapment of Hua Po/]] # [[/Nüwa Created the World/]] ===Unit 6: Nation Focus - Japan=== # [[/The Inariyama Sword/]] <!--- short and sweet! ---> # [[/Entering Japan with Takeda Shingen/]] <!--- 便面蘆間有漁·武田信玄 山色水光烟接天，漁翁江上棹蘆辺 丹青若写得勝景，万里風波一釣船 便面半月照梅花·武田信玄 蘆葦清風垂頂絲，窺魚白鷺水生涯 江南記得曾遊夕，似見梨花院落時 島森哲男. (2015). 武田信玄漢詩校釈. 宮城教育大学紀要, 49, 333–352. https://mue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/440 似 is a really useful thing to teach early on. ---> # [[/The Oldest Inscription in Japan/]] <!--- 宇治橋断碑 ---> # [[/Remembering Conflict with Nakajima Noburu/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/6faa4d3e57a24e542db0375894f0ead5503218bb ---> # [[/Shinto Teachings with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%9F 本田親徳 道之大原 ---> # [[/The Diary of Fujiwara no Teika/]] <!--- 明月記 ---> # [[/Reading the History of Japan with Prince Toneri/]] <!--- 日本書記, etc. ---> <!--- # [[/Occupying Taiwan/]] ---> <!--- I have some colonial literature on me that can be used here. ---> ===Unit 7: Nation Focus - Korea=== <!--- 三國史記 for sure! ---> <!--- 放蟬賦 by Yi Kyubo ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%A0%A4%E9%BD%8B%E9%81%BA%E7%A8%BF 頤齋遺稿 黃胤錫 Joseon scholar! ---> # [[/An Elegy to the Empress with Choe Ja/]] <!--- Choe Ja 元德大后輓詞·崔滋（최자） 乾極曾客配,坤儀正體元。 枕前朝聖主,帳底見曾孫。 陰慘俄沉月,屋悲便沒軒。 三韓千古淚,七十九年恩。 ---> # [[/Language Reform with Sejong the Great/]] <!--- 訓民正音 https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/1ef2b42cc50055affaa5ef39c61b87ed31c34a60 multiple poems and descriptive terms, possibly the best capstone ---> ===Unit 8: Christian Literature=== # [[/A Different Three Character Classic with Hong Xiuquan/]] # [[/Friar Juan Cobo's Veritable Record/]] <!--- One of few texts from the Philippines that I have ever found! https://bnedigital.bne.es/bd/en/viewer?id=0160187c-9d9b-4f34-84d6-bc03fd310c69 ---> # [[/The Delegate's Edition/]] # [[/Nestorian Steles during the Tang/]] <!--- 大秦景教宣元至本經經幢 and 景教碑 ---> # [[/Hong Xiuquan's Bible/]] <!--- https://bible.fhl.net/ob/nob.html?book=407 ---> <!--- I don't want to focus too much on Hong Xiuquan here, so look for more material, especially from missionaries. ---> ===Unit 9: An Introduction to Daoism=== <!--- And now back to your regularly scheduled Zhuangzi/Laozi/Liezi. But with more interesting stuff. Trust! ---> # [[/Laozi Explains the Dao/]] <!--- 道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無欲，以觀其妙；常有欲，以觀其徼。此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。I can expect learners to recognise the stuff here. ---> # [[/Qingtan with Xie Daoyun/]] <!--- 謝道韞; mentioned in the sanzijing. could be good! 《泰山吟·謝道韞》 峩峩東嶽高，秀極衝青天。 巖中間虛宇，寂寞幽以玄。 非工復非匠，雲構發自然。 器象爾何物，遂令我屢遷。 逝將宅斯宇，可以盡天年。 《拟嵇中散咏松诗·謝道韞》 遙望山上松，隆冬不能凋。 願想遊不憩，瞻彼萬仞條。 騰躍未能升，頓足俟王喬。 時哉不我與，大運所飄遙。 ---> # [[/The Doubting Neighbour/]] # [[/Kuafu Chases the Sun/]] # [[/The Frog in a Well/]] # [[/Wu wei with King Hui of Liang/]] # [[/The Old Man that Moves the Mountains/]] # [[/Master Zhuang Dreams of Butterflies/]] <!--- Currently very stereotypical, but there's stuff to work with at least. Need to include those weird Daoist characters among other things. ---> ===Unit 10: Nation Focus - Ryukyu Kingdom=== # [[/Historical Annals with Sai On/]] <!--- Kyuko is an easy cop ---> # [[/The Enthronement of Shō Tei/]] <!--- 康熙二十二年封王尚貞敕 皇帝敕諭琉球國中山王世子尚貞：惟爾遠處海隅，虔修職貢；屬在塚嗣，序應承祧。以朝命未膺，罔敢專擅；恪遵典制，奉表請封。朕念爾世守臣節，忠誠可嘉！特遣正使翰林院檢討汪楫、副使內閣中書舍人加一級林麟焻，齎敕封爾為琉球國中山王，並賜爾及妃文幣等物。爾祗承寵眷，懋紹先猷；輯和臣民，慎固封守：用安宗社於苞桑，永作天家之屏翰。欽哉，毋替朕命！故諭。 Teach imperial edicts. Consider seeing if there's a letter of acceptance from Shō Tei. Recorded in 琉球國志略 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=966326 ---> # [[/The Twilight of Ryukyu with Shō Ten/]] <!--- 神田酒樓街燈 尚典 酒樓今秋設芳筵， 一望街燈燦燦連。 烟氣引來通柱上， 光爭星月照神田。 ---> # [[/A Trip to Ryukyu with Luo Sen/]] <!--- Pre-Capstone ---> <!--- 遐邇貫珍 1854-11 - 日本日記 羅森 https://archive.org/details/HEKC185411/page/n5/mode/1up A solid description of Ryukyu cultural customs in Volume 11. Absolutely incredible. 日三日火船直向東北而駛出了臺灣之外幾日不見天涯是時北風大作波浪沖天火船亦甚飄蕩而不能立見有沙鷗隨風而逐浪心直駛七日漸見小山而到琉球琉球一國長闊一百七十五里其國城在地球圖緯線赤道之北二十六度十四分經線中華北京偏東十一度二十四分自明以來世封王爵叨列藩籬其處土產不過蔬菜番薯菜油黑糖等類人民束髻大補是穿草履男女粧飾頭上祇插一簪二簪為別故少年之男女瞥目則無異及其壯也皆留鬚髯故街上長鬚之人甚多甲寅正月初一予上岸遊玩見街上兒童甚多分以銅錢各極歡喜人民亦甚謙恭民居間亦貼新春聯于門外但不見有別等繁華之事那霸有寺寺內有園是名家世宦之墳所以石刊刻姓名年號于碑上每日道人打掃供奉生花樹葉于墓前另有人家祖墳與中國之明塚無異峰巒之上樹木多植民房則以蠻石圍墻內以茅草結屋而居佳物椅棹俱無惟以草蓆屈膝而坐對火盆而吹煙民間亦有識中國言語字墨者 不張舖店惟有墟塲男不貿易婦女為之以貨易貨而外方之金銀弗尚焉然而百姓亦甚畏官長飲食亦甚粗粕甘守樸儉不務奢華亦鮮欺詐板門紙窓夜間亦不防竊曾見途中撿物亦能以返原人公門之內冷冷落落並無案牘之煩淳樸之風畧有同于上古之世我等外國之欲買什物須言于官官為代辦正月初六提督被理衛廉士等一班將官布列威嚴與予乘轎至王宮總理大臣尚宏勳為主席布政大夫馬良才為知客享宴甚豐食物多與中國無異宴後各官皆饋有紙扇烟包布帛等項是物雖粗此亦世子之恭敬外國故亞國亦以禮物而返贈之世子王宮離岸三里在于山頂是名守禮將至其宮一路亦有樹木石牌坊宮室亦甚寬大幽雅垣局可觀其處多栽鳳尾草森樹等類以障陰山邊田土樹藝五穀近海沙田水漲之後人收其沙以煎鹽此時明月當圓予覽山川亦足見一方之風景 ---> <!--- 中山世鑑 and so on. Lots of poetry too. ---> ===Unit 11: Nation Focus - Singapore=== <!--- National Library of Singapore has a poetry series that's super good! ---> ===Unit 12: Literary Chinese in Medicine=== <!--- do not endorse the medical practices discussed in these...make sure to link back to the heavenly stems here as they are associated with specific body parts. ---> # [[/Deviant Qi with Zhang Congzheng/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%84%92%E9%96%80%E4%BA%8B%E8%A6%AA ---> # [[/Anatomy with Sugita Genpaku/]] <!--- 解体新書 ---> ===Unit 13: People Focus - Zhuang peoples=== <!--- https://mooc1.chaoxing.com/mooc-ans/ztnodedetailcontroller/visitnodedetail?courseId=84745403&knowledgeId=84745463&_from_=&_fromV2_=&rtag= 《峤西诗钞》 is also a really good shout. ---> <!--- Basically, there are Zhuang and Tangut peoples who wrote in Literary Chinese, and their inclusion here is to show that even those who made their own scripts would use this tongue. 张鸿翮 imported the character 朴 to describe a bug, for example. ---> # [[/Zhuang poetry with Zhang Honghe/]] <!--- https://wenyi.gmw.cn/2024-06/25/content_37398911.htm 一是忠实记录了汉诗创作与古壮字交融的文化现象。清代壮族诗人张鸿翮（hé）《大塘谣》（《峤西诗钞》卷二）云： 去了休。去到大塘红蓼洲。红蓼生花，不结子。绿朴生花，毬见毬。 诗中所说“绿朴”，是壮族对柚子的惯称。“柚子”，壮语发音为“bug”。根据《古壮字字典》，其对应的古壮字为“朴（㭪）”。诗人将古壮字运用到汉文诗歌创作中，刻下了明清壮汉文化交相辉映的注脚。 This sort of thing is why Zhuang and Tangut inclusion is important, as they show how flexible Literary Chinese can be. ---> <!--- Possible Jurchen/Khitan focus? 耶律楚材 - Served 窝阔台, 玄風慶會錄 is short and respectable enough to work with. ---> ===Unit 14: People Focus - Tangut peoples=== <!--- 羅福萇 and 羅振玉 wrote studies on Western Xia / Tangut script. Look for poets and stuff. ---> ===Unit 15: Literary Chinese in the Military=== <!--- Real Sun Zi hours! 7 Military Classics are an obvious shout, but look for more stuff too. ---> # [[/Going to war with Boyan/]] <!--- Boyan's Poem from the 元史 　　伯顏，蒙古巴林部人。至元十一年拜中書左丞相，總兵伐宋。官至開府儀同三司，薨贈太師，封淮安王，諡忠武。 　　《玉堂嘉話》：初，宋未下時，江南謠云：「江南若破，白雁來過。」當時莫喻其意。及宋亡，蓋知指丞相巴延也。 　　過梅嶺岡留題 馬首經從庾嶺回 【 庾嶺回　七修類稿（乾隆刊本）卷四十六作「嶺島歸」。】 ，王師到處悉平夷。擔頭不帶江南物，只插梅花一兩枝。 　　《七修類藳》：伯顏下江南，過金陵梅嶺岡詩云云。所以著名，亦有是善。 ---> # [[/An Edict from the Xianbei/]] <!--- 教義詔 楊廣 武有七德，先之以安民。政有六本，興之以教義。高麗高元，虧失藩禮，將欲問罪遼左，恢宣勝略。雖懷伐國，仍事省方。今往涿郡，巡撫民俗。其河北諸郡及山西、山東年九十已上者，版授太守；八十者，授縣令。 ---> # [[/The Suppression of the Kingdom of Dongning/]] <!--- 台灣鄭氏始末 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=139938 Largely a record of wars in Dongning rather than anything about the trade etc, so it fits here. ---> # [[/The Shunzhi Emperor vs Li Zicheng/]] <!--- 順治帝 告示 逆酋李自成已於通城斃命，各地鄉勇務隨我軍剿殺逆賊殘餘,凡有斬獲逆酋及擒獲逆酋交我軍者，一經驗證，按軍功論級給賞，必以示我朝皇恩浩蕩。 大清順治二年五月二十四日 恩詔 今月何日，為國曆改歲之履端,即為永昌書元之紀念？緬惟我朝民眾，三元肇慶，四始發祥。陳椒酒以飛觴，躋堂介壽；換桃符以獻歲，辟戶書新。翹望德容，河勝額手。今山河如舊，歲序更新;今天下同春，咸頒麗澤。願我朝君臣與萬民同樂，共沐化日光天，方不虛度韶華。 永昌二年新正初一 There's probably better choices here. Review. ---> ===Unit 16: Nation Focus - Vietnam=== <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/cfe6700e01f6fd59616a375d31aa8cd096677be1 this first ---> # [[/Ancestor Veneration with the Descendants of Zhu Xi/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/tree/main/corpus%2F%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%2Fclean somewhere in here ---> # [[/Spreading Revolutionary Consciousness with Phan Bội Châu and Liang Qichao/]] <!--- 越南亡國史 Possibly the most important text in Vietnamese history, not even gonna lie. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2 ---> # [[/Academia in Literary Chinese between East and West/]] <!--- 南風雜誌 is a massive shout here. Absolutely amazing series. ---> ===Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae=== <!--- 永樂大典 will teach how to infer from gaps in texts! 《編類》 is an incredibly interesting essay from here that can bring up the odes and Confucius's「思無邪」quote. It can prepare students for the wrath of Qing academia later. ---> # [[/The History of Liao, Jin, and Song with Toqto'a/]] <!--- 脱脱 ---> # [[/Two Years in the Forbidden City with Yu Deling/]] <!--- 清宮禁二年記 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%AE%AE%E7%A6%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%A8%98 ---> # [[/Excerpts from a Modern History of the Da Shun/]] <!--- Fair Use of a 2010 book written in Literary Chinese about the Da Shun dynasty. Limit to 500 characters, if that. Use to encourage recognition of Simplified variants and modern Wenyanwen. ---> # [[/Documenting the World with Terajima/]] <!--- 和漢三才図会 寺島良安, built off 三才圖會 ---> ===Unit 18: Buddhist Literature=== <!--- You would be forgiven for wondering why this is so late, but if you look at many classical Buddhist texts you'll quickly see a ton of loanwords that make it significantly more difficult to read than the average text. Thus, it goes here for now. Look at Japan's 五山文学 ---> # [[/Two Buddhist Temples in Shanghai/]] <!--- 留雲禪寺 雲留雲翔領畧幾許禪機此地有雲散天開真如界。 塔內塔外普示無邊圓覺是故曰塔影雙照解脫門。 歲次壬午冬月吉旦。 覺醒敬撰。 楊胡生沐手恭書。 善信印利明敬獻。 ---> <!--- 福慧宝鼎 慧明大和尚 ---> # [[/Dipping your feet in with Wenyan Shu/]] <!--- 華亭 世尊遺法本忘言，教外別傳意已圓。 只履攜將蔥嶺去，不妨來上月明船。 ---> # [[/Foreseeing Monkhood with Yi Xing/]] <!--- 看命一掌金 ---> # [[/A Trip to Western Xia with Zhi Guang and Hui Zhen/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%91%AA%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%92%92%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> # [[/Jizang's Three Discourses/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%AB%96%E7%8E%84%E7%BE%A9 ---> ===Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples=== # [[/Qing dynasty Poetry with Nara Singde/]] <!--- 飲水詞 納蘭性德 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%B7 ---> # [[/Amassing Words with the Kangxi Emperor/]] <!--- Kangxi Dictionary Abstract - https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8 ---> # [[/Amassing Literature with the Qianlong Emperor/]] <!--- Siku Quanshu abstract https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE%E6%8F%90%E8%A6%81 ---> <!--- Yongzheng Emperor's Poetry https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D 《和碩怡賢親王祭文》 Also include 滿洲國 stuff to show the fall of the Qing and attempts to preserve it through becoming a Japanese puppet state. It is important to show how Literary Chinese can be misused as well. 滿洲國建國宣言 is a good shout, as is 法制 to prepare students who may be interested in Taiwan legal stuff later down the road. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E6%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B ---> ===Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature=== <!--- many writers here, will be difficult to sift through. Include 四库全書 abstracts and stuff here. ---> # [[/Jewish Refugees in Shanghai/]] <!--- Show passports, certificates, etc, from the Jewish Refugee Museum, anonymised. ---> # [[/A Literary Chinese Abstract/]] <!--- Abstracts from siku quanshu, probably want others ---> # [[/Lament with Lu Ruoteng/]] <!--- 《疑猜》盧若騰，東寧國 盟誓變為交質子，春秋戰國風如此；末世上下相疑猜, 更質妻子防逃徙。 此法只可羈庸奴，若遇梟雄術窮矣；妻可再娶子再育, 安能長坐針氈裏。 我贈一法君記存；推心置腹人知恩；眾人畜之眾人報, 幾個國士在君門。 盧若騰撰，陳漢光編輯，《島噫詩》，臺灣文獻叢刊第二四五種（臺北:臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1968年）21頁。 ---> # [[/Common Linguistics Knowledge in the RoC/]] <!--- 音韻常識 ---> ==References used for this page== * Yang, B. (2016). 文言语法 [Literary Chinese Grammar] (1st ed). 中华书局 [Zhonghua Book Company]. ISBN: 978-7-101-11619-9 * Priestley, K. E., & Shou-jung, C. (1962). China’s Men of Letters, Yesterday and Today. Dragonfly Books. {{BookCat}} gtdxjj2bz7dmc70asbxae5eiq1wrg4n 4634428 4634427 2026-05-06T13:19:47Z Shira the Mogul 3560559 /* Unit 18: Buddhist Literature */ 4634428 wikitext text/x-wiki __notoc__ Welcome to the Wikibook for Literary Chinese (Known as 漢文 "Han Language" in East Asia or 文言 "Literary Language" in China), aimed at individuals hoping to gain a general knowledge of it before progressing into genres they wish to be acquainted with. This is not the [[Classical Chinese]] textbook, which is aimed at Chinese Zhou-Qin era texts. This text aims to shed light on post-Zhou-Qin texts across East Asia, which mimic those texts. It does so through a "buffet" approach, showering you, the reader, with an ocean of texts of myriad genre. ==Table of Contents== === Front matter === * [[/Introduction/]] * [[/Appendices/]] === Useful resources === These are quick grab-bags that can be useful for vocabulary-building. * [[/Antonym List/]] <!--- 文/武，大/小，厚/薄，橫/縱...---> * [[/Collocation Groups/]] <!--- e.g. 四象，三靈…… ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等 Yan Fu's Qing-era translations for modern terms] <!--- Wikiversity has this (https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等) and the below, I will effectively be translating a lot of it! ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/上古語考輯 Communicative Terms] <!--- this will be translated eventually, but right now it's bad to just leave this here. ---> === Useful primers === Across history, many primers have been made for teaching Literary Chinese to children. These are a few that are recommended for use alongside this work, ideally in flashcards. * [https://www.fdgwz.org.cn/Web/Show/11308 倉頡篇] - Cangjie's Chapters, the earliest one. It is extant, but incomplete. It contains several rare characters, and so if used, I would personally recommend doing so later, or out of interest. * 三字經 - The Three Character Classic, an excellent piece for Confucian education. Pair with 弟子规 for best results. ** 三字經（太平天國版）- For Christians, there is a version made by Hong Xiuquan from the Taiping Rebellion. Despite the context, it is a legitimately useful primer and can be used to self-teach for the Delegate's Edition of the Christian Bible. * 千字文 - The Thousand Character Classic, a remarkable piece of constrained writing that only uses each character once. Amazing for building vocabulary whilst seeing historical allusions and the like. * 五字鑑 - The Five-Character Mirror, essentially the 24 Histories of China compressed into a primer. Uses 5-character couplets, the longest in this list. * 龍文鞭影 - The Shadow of Longwen's Whip, a historical allusion trainer. Best paired with a context piece. ===Unit 0: The Han script=== This unit is intended for those with no familiarity of the Han script. It will prepare you for the units ahead, teaching largely pictographic characters. By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around 30 characters. * Understand how characters are composed and how this gives them meaning. * Have a basic idea of how to handwrite and/or type characters. * Know some bare basics of Literary Chinese grammar (e.g. Basic word order, where adjectives go, lack of "is", 有...) Lessons: # [[/An Introduction to the Han Script/]] # [[/People, Big and Small/]] # [[/What are Chinese characters, anyway?/]] <!--- deploy several single-radical texts---> # [[/How do we write Chinese?/]] # [[/Tilling the Fields with 有/]] # [[/The Sun and the Moon/]] # [[/Weapons and Metals/]] # [[/Recognizing Phonetics/]] <!--- time to deploy my one-syllable articles! ---> # [[/Cangjie Created Characters/]] ===Unit 1: Basic Skills=== This unit is intended for those with minimal familiarity with the Han script and no familiarity with Literary Chinese. There is a focus on simple structures, skills for dissecting common textual structures, and short-form poetry in this unit. Before starting this unit, students should: * Recognise around ~30 characters. * Can use Cangjie input. * Have given Unit 0 a cursory glance. <br> By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around ~100 characters. * Comprehend numbers, the Heavenly Stems, and the Earthly Branches, and be able to use them to quantify time and date. * Intuit the basic topic -> comment idea behind Literary Chinese. "This, it is..." * Understand basic function words such as 也, 而, 有, and 謂. Lessons: # [[/The All-Purpose 也/]] # [[/An Introduction to Chinese Numbers/]] <!--- It is hard to find authentic materials for this ---> # [[/One, Two, Left, and Right with Gongsun Long/]] <!--- 曰：「二有一乎？」 曰：「二無一。」 曰：「二有右乎？」 曰：「二無右。」 曰：「二有左乎？」 曰：「二無左。」 曰：「右可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左與右可謂二乎？」 曰：「可。」 ---> # [[/The Heavenly Stems/]] <!--- Introduce ordinals, which will be used to demonstrate sentence patterns later. ---> # [[/Tell the Time with Earthly Branches/]] <!--- Introduce verbs and timekeeping ---> # [[/Lunar Dates with the Spring and Autumn Annals/]] <!--- Vocabulary: 歲，年，朔，月，日，來，前，初，正，春秋夏冬，曆，上，下. Consider including traditional names for months in a list. ---> # [[/Skimming for Major Events in Historical Annals/]] <!--- Don't simply use Confucius's Chunqiu: We can use texts inspired by it. E.g. 三國史記 - 十五年京城旱。秋七月，蝗。very few new characters, lots one can use. Instantly able to use. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B701 Skimming annals is very possible and a very useful skill. Don't skip out on it. Teach students to skim read!!! ---> # [[/Dinner with the Daimyo/]] <!-- 侍宴·大友皇子 皇明光日月，帝徳載天地。 三才併秦昌，万国表臣義。 --> # [[/In Discourse with Jibong/]] <!-- 芝峰類說 倭國謂田爲畠。謂水田爲田。火田爲畑。猶我國以水田爲畓也。故官名有畠山殿。地名有畑島云。 --> # [[/Shinto FAQ with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%81%93%E5%95%8F%E5%B0%8D 眞道問對 本田親徳 really good way of operationalising 乎 and much of the early grammar. 問 天帝無始無終乎。 對 天帝無始無終也。 旣以無始無終之力 與無始無終之體 造無始無終之萬物。 其功亦無始無終也。 問 天地大原在道乎。 對 天地大原實在道。 鬼神依道而立。 人民依道而活。 萬物依道而息。 This is great! ---> <!--- Some cool stuff I saw someone studying from https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B3%E6%BD%AD%E8%A8%98# https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%88%9F%E8%A8%98 Could be used for period focus ---> ===Unit 2: An Overview of Sinitic Poetry=== This unit will teach you how Sinitic Poetry operates; - that is, the way individuals in the Sinosphere compose poetry in Literary Chinese. Despite this language's fall out of favour in the past century, this tradition is still remarkably alive and well, and their short length makes them more accessible than elaborate prose. In this unit, you will begin from the ''Classic of Poetry'' before travelling through poems from the Tang dynasty, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, the Ryukyu Kingdom, and Korea. When introducing poetry, I will furthermore use the language from the nation it is from to show how it is recited by its people. After discussing the Classic of Poetry, we will also be a small detour into a discussion on Ping-Ze 平仄, the Tang dynasty system of alternating tones, so to produce rhyme on tonal and phonological levels. This had a major impact on Literary Chinese poetry as a whole! By the end of this Unit, students will: * Recognise around 120 more characters. * Be able to explain how Sinitic Poetry rhymes and the themes it contains. * Be able to use function words such as 在, 無, 不, 聿, and 于/於 in poetic contexts. * Recognise the switch between 吾/我 in the subject-object positions and demonstrate it in usage. * (Chinese speakers) Be able to differentiate 于 and 於, and understand the "interest(ed) in" meaning of 好 in most circumstances. <!--- Summary of the above part about 于 and 於 for other editors: 于 and 於 were distinct words for an extremely long time and were still such to Literary Chinese writers. Their "merging" through Simplified-Traditional Chinese distinctions is a very modern thing. I will summarise their usages here, using Pulleyblank's Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar (2000); * 于 - This can mean "to go" or "to/at". 黃鳥于飛 "The yellow birds go flying". Must be post-verbal. It can also appear in 至于. * 於 - This is an all-purpose locative preposition - from "on/at/in" to "from" or even "than" (甲於乙). The implication of motion is not there at all. Must be pre-verbal. It can also appear in 之於 or be an archaic noun for a crow 於 (烏). ---> Lessons: # [[/Across the Rivers with Emperor Puliuru Guang/]] <!--- 春江花月夜·楊廣 夜露含花氣，春潭漾月暉。 漢水逢遊女，湘川值二妃。 This is really simple and can elucidate Ping-Ze easily. ---> # [[/To Study the Odes/]] <!-- 蟋蟀·姬旦 國風·唐風 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其莫。今我不樂，日月其除。無已大康，職思其居。好樂無荒，良士瞿瞿。 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其逝。今我不樂，日月其邁。無已大康，職思其外。好樂無荒，良士蹶蹶。 蟋蟀在堂，役車其休。今我不樂，日月其慆。無已大康，職思其憂。好樂無荒，良士休休。 --> <!-- 黃鳥 小雅·鴻鴈之什 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于穀，無啄我粟。 此邦之人，不我肯穀。言旋言歸，復我邦族。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于桑，無啄我粱。 此邦之人，不可與明。言旋言歸，復我諸兄。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于栩，無啄我黍。 此邦之人，不可與處。言旋言歸，復我諸父。 --> # [[/A Detour into Orthodox Ping-Ze/]] <!--- 平 and 仄 are useful characters themselves. Show 仄 in the binomes 反仄，歉仄，逼仄 as it's often difficult to immediately use ---> # [[/The Restraint of Du Fu/]] # [[/The Longing of Li Bai/]] # [[/The Environment with Bukha Timur/]] <!--- 西湖竹枝詞·布哈特穆爾 湖上春歸人未歸，桃紅柳緑黄鶯飛。 桃花落時多結子，楊花落處秪沾衣。 宫词·布哈特穆爾 玉樓珠箔晚天涼，秋色依稀滿建章。 金井梧桐霜葉盡，自隨流水出宮牆。 Mongol writer from the Uyghur Kingdom of Gaochang Spammed Ctrl+F in https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E9%81%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%9D%E8%A9%A9_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC) ---> # [[/Pillow Talk with Guan Yunshi/]] <!--- 紅繡鞋·貫雲石 挨著靠著雲窗同坐，偎著抱著月枕雙歌，聽著數著愁著怕著早四更過。四更過情未足，情未足夜如梭。天哪，更閏一更兒妨甚么！ Uyghur author! ---> # [[/Buddhist Philosophy with Ngô Chân Lưu and Taisei Shōan/]] <!-- 元火·吳真流 木中元有火，元火復還生。 若為木無火，鉆燧何有萌。--> <!-- 杜鵑·大成聖安 夢覚孤床静 杜鵑帯雨飛 一声来近枕 何者不沾衣 --> # [[/Odes with Mō Taiei and Zheng Chengxun/]] <!-- 詠松·毛泰永 植體宜千仞，垂陰動百尋。 李膺真烈烈，和嶠自森森。 桃李何堪較，雪霜安得侵。 萬年身不老，種子又成林。 AKA Inoha Seiki 伊野波 盛紀 --> <!-- 詠班蘭·鄭成勛 南國多芳草，班蘭最有名。 深根將綠茁，長葉亦叢生。 取味迎賓合，入厨任水烹。 可憐經一用，擲棄不留情。 鄭成勛《樵隱詩集》 https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/dsprojects/sg-jiutishi/poem/827 --> # [[/On a Journey with Sa Dula/]] <!--- 無題·薩都剌 為客三年海上洲，故鄉何處瘴雲稠。 數千里外蠻人域，十八灘頭過客舟。 時有山禽呼姓字，或從海鳥作朋儔。 故人珂珮周旋處，紫殿風清十二樓。 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%A1%8C_(%E8%96%A9%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C) A naturalised Mongol scholar who made a beautiful poem. This'll be a capstone. ---> <!--- 朝中措·襄陽古道灞陵橋 襄陽古道灞陵橋，詩興與秋高。 千古風流人物，一時多少雄豪。 霜清玉塞，雲飛隴首，風落江皋。 夢到鳳凰台上，山圍故國周遭。 北郊晚步 陂水荷凋晚，茅檐燕去涼。 遠林明落景，平麓淡秋光。 群牧歸村巷，孤禽立野航。 自諳閑散樂，園圃意尤長。 Jurchen poet and grandson of Emperor Shizong of Jin. He's a Zen Buddhist, so we'll go back to him later. ---> ===Unit 3: Confucianism and the World=== This is a Confucian-themed unit with a smattering of other items. You will see the odd geography of the past, early linguistic philosophy, and terrifying breakaway states! By the end of this unit, students should be able to: * Recognise around 200+ characters. * Read basic annals and histories with some dictionary assistance, and comprehend 3-character structures reliably. * Have encountered basic grammatical points such as 之、乎、者、也、而、則、乃、所、以、於、于、與、且、蓋、and 夫. ** 於 and 于 should be distinguishable. * Survive a text of at least 250 characters and read for gist. Lessons: # [[/A Brief Overview of Confucianism/]] # [[/The Mountains with Yelü Tuyu/]] <!--- 立木海上刻詩 耶律圖欲 / 耶律倍 / 李贊華 小山壓大山，大山全無力。 羞見故鄉人，從此投外國。 ---> # [[/Is a White Horse a Horse?/]]<!-- Teach negation with 非 in 公孙龍子 and compare with 不 --> # [[/The Three Character Classic/]] # [[/Expressing Filial Conduct with Confucius and Hara Saihin/]] <!-- 次韻杏坪先生 父執有君孤不孤 相依遍接搢紳徒 区区自抱地方寸 杏杏重遊天一隅 羇雁飛鳴迷汝國 家人思夢入江都 如教志業青年遂 世上寧無逐臭夫 --> # [[/Confucianism and the Environment with Sai On/]]<!-- 木假山記 --> # [[/In Debate with Mencius/]] ===Unit 4: Women's Writing=== In this unit, women's writing from various areas of China will be explored. This is chiefly targeted at poetry and the themes within; from the feminine voice of the Classic of Poetry to the remonstrance towards the Khitan Emperor Tianzuo of Jin by his Consort Dasese. The role of women in courtly society is to be elucidated here! # [[/An Unmarried Life with Heo Nansŏrhŏn/]] <!--- 貧女吟 豈是乏容色。工鍼復工織。 少小長寒門。良媒不相識。 夜久織未休。戛戛鳴寒機。 機中一匹練。終作阿誰衣。 手把金翦刀。夜寒十指直。 爲人作嫁衣。年年還獨宿。 ---> # [[/Responding to Lord Trần with Hồ Xuân Hương/]] <!--- Responding to 陳光靜 Trần Quang Tĩnh 《和陳侯》 愧無才調使人驚，十載風塵貫耳鈴。 已是臨枰知敵手，莫須敲月苦殫精。 為輪為彈隨遭遇，誰鳳誰鶯任賦生。 造物於人何苟惜，明珠休向暗中呈。 莫須 is an important structure to teach here. ---> # [[/Gaze into the Autumn Night with Taisei Shōan/]] <!--- 秋夜偶成·大成聖安 長天浮爽気，月色興無窮 群犬吠山径，百蟲啼野風 悲秋秋夜永，感古古今同 自是孤窓下，凄然万慮空 ---> # [[/Visiting a Temple with Yu Xuanji/]] <!--- 遊崇真觀南樓覩新及第題名處 雲峰滿目放春晴，歷歷銀鈎指下生。 自恨羅衣掩詩句，擧頭空羨榜中名。 ---> # [[/Remonstrance with Dasese/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AB%B7%E8%AB%AB%E6%AD%8C 諷諫歌·大瑟瑟 勿嗟塞上兮暗紅塵。 勿傷多難兮畏夷人。 不如塞奸邪之路兮選取賢臣。 直須臥薪嚐膽兮激壯士之捐身。 可以朝清漠北兮夕枕燕雲。 Dasese (or 萧瑟瑟) was a Khitan consort to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao. She remonstrated him as the Jurchens were beginning to encroach upon the Khitan, and was forced to commit suicide for her remonstrance. Tianzuo would soon pay for his malfeasance. ---> # [[/The Love Songs of the Odes/]] <!--- 褰裳 子惠思我，褰裳涉溱。子不我思，豈無他人？狂童之狂也且！ 子惠思我，褰裳涉洧。子不我思，豈無他士？狂童之狂也且！ 柏舟 彼柏舟，在彼中河，髧彼兩髦，實維我儀，之死矢靡它，母也天只，不諒人只。 汎彼柏舟，在彼河側，髧彼兩髦，實維我特，之死矢靡慝，母也天只，不諒人只。 行露 厭浥行露，豈不夙夜，謂行多露。 誰謂雀無角？何以穿我屋？誰謂女無家？何以速我獄？雖速我獄，室家不足。 誰謂鼠無牙？何以穿我墉？誰謂女無家？何以速我訟？雖速我訟，亦不女從。 ---> # [[/Rules for Women with Ban Zhao/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%AA%A1 ---> # [[/The Tragedy of Cai Wenji/]] <!--- 悲憤詩 〔兩漢〕蔡文姬 漢季失權柄，董卓亂天常。 志欲圖篡弒，先害諸賢良。 逼迫遷舊邦，擁主以自強。 海內興義師，欲共討不祥。 卓眾來東下，金甲耀日光。 平土人脆弱，來兵皆胡羌。 獵野圍城邑，所向悉破亡。 斬截無孑遺，屍骸相撐拒。 馬邊懸男頭，馬後載婦女。 長驅西入關，迥路險且阻。 還顧邈冥冥，肝脾為爛腐。 所略有萬計，不得令屯聚。 或有骨肉俱，欲言不敢語。 失意幾微間，輒言斃降虜。 要當以亭刃，我曹不活汝。 豈復惜性命，不堪其詈罵。 或便加棰杖，毒痛參並下。 旦則號泣行，夜則悲吟坐。 欲死不能得，欲生無一可。 彼蒼者何辜，乃遭此厄禍。 邊荒與華異，人俗少義理。 處所多霜雪，胡風春夏起。 翩翩吹我衣，肅肅入我耳。 感時念父母，哀嘆無窮已。 有客從外來，聞之常歡喜。 迎問其消息，輒復非鄉里。 邂逅徼時願，骨肉來迎己。 己得自解免，當復棄兒子。 天屬綴人心，念別無會期。 存亡永乖隔，不忍與之辭。 兒前抱我頸，問母欲何之。 人言母當去，豈復有還時。 阿母常仁惻，今何更不慈。 我尚未成人，奈何不顧思。 見此崩五內，恍惚生狂痴。 號泣手撫摩，當發復回疑。 兼有同時輩，相送告離別。 慕我獨得歸，哀叫聲摧裂。 馬為立踟躕，車為不轉轍。 觀者皆噓唏，行路亦嗚咽。 去去割情戀，遄征日遐邁。 悠悠三千里，何時復交會。 念我出腹子，匈臆為摧敗。 既至家人盡，又復無中外。 城廓為山林，庭宇生荊艾。 白骨不知誰，縱橫莫覆蓋。 出門無人聲，豺狼號且吠。 煢煢對孤景，怛吒糜肝肺。 登高遠眺望，魂神忽飛逝。 奄若壽命盡，旁人相寬大。 為復強視息，雖生何聊賴。 託命於新人，竭心自勖勵。 流離成鄙賤，常恐復捐廢。 人生幾何時，懷憂終年歲。 ---> ===Unit 5: Myths and Legends of East Asia=== <!--- Shanhaijing, Zibuyu... Etc. Zhiguai literature. This aims to provide a counterpoint to what Confucius wouldn't discuss - thus Zibuyu. Going straight into Daoism isn't ideal. ---> # [[/Exploring the World of Mountains and Seas/]]<!-- Structure: 出焉 --> # [[/Oh, the Qilin!/]] <!--- Even here, the odes can be studied! ---> # [[/Ultimate Justice with Xiezhi/]] # [[/The Virtue of the Fenghuang/]] # [[/The Entrapment of Hua Po/]] # [[/Nüwa Created the World/]] ===Unit 6: Nation Focus - Japan=== # [[/The Inariyama Sword/]] <!--- short and sweet! ---> # [[/Entering Japan with Takeda Shingen/]] <!--- 便面蘆間有漁·武田信玄 山色水光烟接天，漁翁江上棹蘆辺 丹青若写得勝景，万里風波一釣船 便面半月照梅花·武田信玄 蘆葦清風垂頂絲，窺魚白鷺水生涯 江南記得曾遊夕，似見梨花院落時 島森哲男. (2015). 武田信玄漢詩校釈. 宮城教育大学紀要, 49, 333–352. https://mue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/440 似 is a really useful thing to teach early on. ---> # [[/The Oldest Inscription in Japan/]] <!--- 宇治橋断碑 ---> # [[/Remembering Conflict with Nakajima Noburu/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/6faa4d3e57a24e542db0375894f0ead5503218bb ---> # [[/Shinto Teachings with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%9F 本田親徳 道之大原 ---> # [[/The Diary of Fujiwara no Teika/]] <!--- 明月記 ---> # [[/Reading the History of Japan with Prince Toneri/]] <!--- 日本書記, etc. ---> <!--- # [[/Occupying Taiwan/]] ---> <!--- I have some colonial literature on me that can be used here. ---> ===Unit 7: Nation Focus - Korea=== <!--- 三國史記 for sure! ---> <!--- 放蟬賦 by Yi Kyubo ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%A0%A4%E9%BD%8B%E9%81%BA%E7%A8%BF 頤齋遺稿 黃胤錫 Joseon scholar! ---> # [[/An Elegy to the Empress with Choe Ja/]] <!--- Choe Ja 元德大后輓詞·崔滋（최자） 乾極曾客配,坤儀正體元。 枕前朝聖主,帳底見曾孫。 陰慘俄沉月,屋悲便沒軒。 三韓千古淚,七十九年恩。 ---> # [[/Language Reform with Sejong the Great/]] <!--- 訓民正音 https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/1ef2b42cc50055affaa5ef39c61b87ed31c34a60 multiple poems and descriptive terms, possibly the best capstone ---> ===Unit 8: Christian Literature=== # [[/A Different Three Character Classic with Hong Xiuquan/]] # [[/Friar Juan Cobo's Veritable Record/]] <!--- One of few texts from the Philippines that I have ever found! https://bnedigital.bne.es/bd/en/viewer?id=0160187c-9d9b-4f34-84d6-bc03fd310c69 ---> # [[/The Delegate's Edition/]] # [[/Nestorian Steles during the Tang/]] <!--- 大秦景教宣元至本經經幢 and 景教碑 ---> # [[/Hong Xiuquan's Bible/]] <!--- https://bible.fhl.net/ob/nob.html?book=407 ---> <!--- I don't want to focus too much on Hong Xiuquan here, so look for more material, especially from missionaries. ---> ===Unit 9: An Introduction to Daoism=== <!--- And now back to your regularly scheduled Zhuangzi/Laozi/Liezi. But with more interesting stuff. Trust! ---> # [[/Laozi Explains the Dao/]] <!--- 道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無欲，以觀其妙；常有欲，以觀其徼。此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。I can expect learners to recognise the stuff here. ---> # [[/Qingtan with Xie Daoyun/]] <!--- 謝道韞; mentioned in the sanzijing. could be good! 《泰山吟·謝道韞》 峩峩東嶽高，秀極衝青天。 巖中間虛宇，寂寞幽以玄。 非工復非匠，雲構發自然。 器象爾何物，遂令我屢遷。 逝將宅斯宇，可以盡天年。 《拟嵇中散咏松诗·謝道韞》 遙望山上松，隆冬不能凋。 願想遊不憩，瞻彼萬仞條。 騰躍未能升，頓足俟王喬。 時哉不我與，大運所飄遙。 ---> # [[/The Doubting Neighbour/]] # [[/Kuafu Chases the Sun/]] # [[/The Frog in a Well/]] # [[/Wu wei with King Hui of Liang/]] # [[/The Old Man that Moves the Mountains/]] # [[/Master Zhuang Dreams of Butterflies/]] <!--- Currently very stereotypical, but there's stuff to work with at least. Need to include those weird Daoist characters among other things. ---> ===Unit 10: Nation Focus - Ryukyu Kingdom=== # [[/Historical Annals with Sai On/]] <!--- Kyuko is an easy cop ---> # [[/The Enthronement of Shō Tei/]] <!--- 康熙二十二年封王尚貞敕 皇帝敕諭琉球國中山王世子尚貞：惟爾遠處海隅，虔修職貢；屬在塚嗣，序應承祧。以朝命未膺，罔敢專擅；恪遵典制，奉表請封。朕念爾世守臣節，忠誠可嘉！特遣正使翰林院檢討汪楫、副使內閣中書舍人加一級林麟焻，齎敕封爾為琉球國中山王，並賜爾及妃文幣等物。爾祗承寵眷，懋紹先猷；輯和臣民，慎固封守：用安宗社於苞桑，永作天家之屏翰。欽哉，毋替朕命！故諭。 Teach imperial edicts. Consider seeing if there's a letter of acceptance from Shō Tei. Recorded in 琉球國志略 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=966326 ---> # [[/The Twilight of Ryukyu with Shō Ten/]] <!--- 神田酒樓街燈 尚典 酒樓今秋設芳筵， 一望街燈燦燦連。 烟氣引來通柱上， 光爭星月照神田。 ---> # [[/A Trip to Ryukyu with Luo Sen/]] <!--- Pre-Capstone ---> <!--- 遐邇貫珍 1854-11 - 日本日記 羅森 https://archive.org/details/HEKC185411/page/n5/mode/1up A solid description of Ryukyu cultural customs in Volume 11. Absolutely incredible. 日三日火船直向東北而駛出了臺灣之外幾日不見天涯是時北風大作波浪沖天火船亦甚飄蕩而不能立見有沙鷗隨風而逐浪心直駛七日漸見小山而到琉球琉球一國長闊一百七十五里其國城在地球圖緯線赤道之北二十六度十四分經線中華北京偏東十一度二十四分自明以來世封王爵叨列藩籬其處土產不過蔬菜番薯菜油黑糖等類人民束髻大補是穿草履男女粧飾頭上祇插一簪二簪為別故少年之男女瞥目則無異及其壯也皆留鬚髯故街上長鬚之人甚多甲寅正月初一予上岸遊玩見街上兒童甚多分以銅錢各極歡喜人民亦甚謙恭民居間亦貼新春聯于門外但不見有別等繁華之事那霸有寺寺內有園是名家世宦之墳所以石刊刻姓名年號于碑上每日道人打掃供奉生花樹葉于墓前另有人家祖墳與中國之明塚無異峰巒之上樹木多植民房則以蠻石圍墻內以茅草結屋而居佳物椅棹俱無惟以草蓆屈膝而坐對火盆而吹煙民間亦有識中國言語字墨者 不張舖店惟有墟塲男不貿易婦女為之以貨易貨而外方之金銀弗尚焉然而百姓亦甚畏官長飲食亦甚粗粕甘守樸儉不務奢華亦鮮欺詐板門紙窓夜間亦不防竊曾見途中撿物亦能以返原人公門之內冷冷落落並無案牘之煩淳樸之風畧有同于上古之世我等外國之欲買什物須言于官官為代辦正月初六提督被理衛廉士等一班將官布列威嚴與予乘轎至王宮總理大臣尚宏勳為主席布政大夫馬良才為知客享宴甚豐食物多與中國無異宴後各官皆饋有紙扇烟包布帛等項是物雖粗此亦世子之恭敬外國故亞國亦以禮物而返贈之世子王宮離岸三里在于山頂是名守禮將至其宮一路亦有樹木石牌坊宮室亦甚寬大幽雅垣局可觀其處多栽鳳尾草森樹等類以障陰山邊田土樹藝五穀近海沙田水漲之後人收其沙以煎鹽此時明月當圓予覽山川亦足見一方之風景 ---> <!--- 中山世鑑 and so on. Lots of poetry too. ---> ===Unit 11: Nation Focus - Singapore=== <!--- National Library of Singapore has a poetry series that's super good! ---> ===Unit 12: Literary Chinese in Medicine=== <!--- do not endorse the medical practices discussed in these...make sure to link back to the heavenly stems here as they are associated with specific body parts. ---> # [[/Deviant Qi with Zhang Congzheng/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%84%92%E9%96%80%E4%BA%8B%E8%A6%AA ---> # [[/Anatomy with Sugita Genpaku/]] <!--- 解体新書 ---> ===Unit 13: People Focus - Zhuang peoples=== <!--- https://mooc1.chaoxing.com/mooc-ans/ztnodedetailcontroller/visitnodedetail?courseId=84745403&knowledgeId=84745463&_from_=&_fromV2_=&rtag= 《峤西诗钞》 is also a really good shout. ---> <!--- Basically, there are Zhuang and Tangut peoples who wrote in Literary Chinese, and their inclusion here is to show that even those who made their own scripts would use this tongue. 张鸿翮 imported the character 朴 to describe a bug, for example. ---> # [[/Zhuang poetry with Zhang Honghe/]] <!--- https://wenyi.gmw.cn/2024-06/25/content_37398911.htm 一是忠实记录了汉诗创作与古壮字交融的文化现象。清代壮族诗人张鸿翮（hé）《大塘谣》（《峤西诗钞》卷二）云： 去了休。去到大塘红蓼洲。红蓼生花，不结子。绿朴生花，毬见毬。 诗中所说“绿朴”，是壮族对柚子的惯称。“柚子”，壮语发音为“bug”。根据《古壮字字典》，其对应的古壮字为“朴（㭪）”。诗人将古壮字运用到汉文诗歌创作中，刻下了明清壮汉文化交相辉映的注脚。 This sort of thing is why Zhuang and Tangut inclusion is important, as they show how flexible Literary Chinese can be. ---> <!--- Possible Jurchen/Khitan focus? 耶律楚材 - Served 窝阔台, 玄風慶會錄 is short and respectable enough to work with. ---> ===Unit 14: People Focus - Tangut peoples=== <!--- 羅福萇 and 羅振玉 wrote studies on Western Xia / Tangut script. Look for poets and stuff. ---> ===Unit 15: Literary Chinese in the Military=== <!--- Real Sun Zi hours! 7 Military Classics are an obvious shout, but look for more stuff too. ---> # [[/Going to war with Boyan/]] <!--- Boyan's Poem from the 元史 　　伯顏，蒙古巴林部人。至元十一年拜中書左丞相，總兵伐宋。官至開府儀同三司，薨贈太師，封淮安王，諡忠武。 　　《玉堂嘉話》：初，宋未下時，江南謠云：「江南若破，白雁來過。」當時莫喻其意。及宋亡，蓋知指丞相巴延也。 　　過梅嶺岡留題 馬首經從庾嶺回 【 庾嶺回　七修類稿（乾隆刊本）卷四十六作「嶺島歸」。】 ，王師到處悉平夷。擔頭不帶江南物，只插梅花一兩枝。 　　《七修類藳》：伯顏下江南，過金陵梅嶺岡詩云云。所以著名，亦有是善。 ---> # [[/An Edict from the Xianbei/]] <!--- 教義詔 楊廣 武有七德，先之以安民。政有六本，興之以教義。高麗高元，虧失藩禮，將欲問罪遼左，恢宣勝略。雖懷伐國，仍事省方。今往涿郡，巡撫民俗。其河北諸郡及山西、山東年九十已上者，版授太守；八十者，授縣令。 ---> # [[/The Suppression of the Kingdom of Dongning/]] <!--- 台灣鄭氏始末 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=139938 Largely a record of wars in Dongning rather than anything about the trade etc, so it fits here. ---> # [[/The Shunzhi Emperor vs Li Zicheng/]] <!--- 順治帝 告示 逆酋李自成已於通城斃命，各地鄉勇務隨我軍剿殺逆賊殘餘,凡有斬獲逆酋及擒獲逆酋交我軍者，一經驗證，按軍功論級給賞，必以示我朝皇恩浩蕩。 大清順治二年五月二十四日 恩詔 今月何日，為國曆改歲之履端,即為永昌書元之紀念？緬惟我朝民眾，三元肇慶，四始發祥。陳椒酒以飛觴，躋堂介壽；換桃符以獻歲，辟戶書新。翹望德容，河勝額手。今山河如舊，歲序更新;今天下同春，咸頒麗澤。願我朝君臣與萬民同樂，共沐化日光天，方不虛度韶華。 永昌二年新正初一 There's probably better choices here. Review. ---> ===Unit 16: Nation Focus - Vietnam=== <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/cfe6700e01f6fd59616a375d31aa8cd096677be1 this first ---> # [[/Ancestor Veneration with the Descendants of Zhu Xi/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/tree/main/corpus%2F%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%2Fclean somewhere in here ---> # [[/Spreading Revolutionary Consciousness with Phan Bội Châu and Liang Qichao/]] <!--- 越南亡國史 Possibly the most important text in Vietnamese history, not even gonna lie. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2 ---> # [[/Academia in Literary Chinese between East and West/]] <!--- 南風雜誌 is a massive shout here. Absolutely amazing series. ---> ===Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae=== <!--- 永樂大典 will teach how to infer from gaps in texts! 《編類》 is an incredibly interesting essay from here that can bring up the odes and Confucius's「思無邪」quote. It can prepare students for the wrath of Qing academia later. ---> # [[/The History of Liao, Jin, and Song with Toqto'a/]] <!--- 脱脱 ---> # [[/Two Years in the Forbidden City with Yu Deling/]] <!--- 清宮禁二年記 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%AE%AE%E7%A6%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%A8%98 ---> # [[/Excerpts from a Modern History of the Da Shun/]] <!--- Fair Use of a 2010 book written in Literary Chinese about the Da Shun dynasty. Limit to 500 characters, if that. Use to encourage recognition of Simplified variants and modern Wenyanwen. ---> # [[/Documenting the World with Terajima/]] <!--- 和漢三才図会 寺島良安, built off 三才圖會 ---> ===Unit 18: Buddhist Literature=== <!--- You would be forgiven for wondering why this is so late, but if you look at many classical Buddhist texts you'll quickly see a ton of loanwords that make it significantly more difficult to read than the average text. Thus, it goes here for now. Look at Japan's 五山文学 ---> # [[/Two Buddhist Temples in Shanghai/]] <!--- 留雲禪寺 雲留雲翔領畧幾許禪機此地有雲散天開真如界。 塔內塔外普示無邊圓覺是故曰塔影雙照解脫門。 歲次壬午冬月吉旦。 覺醒敬撰。 楊胡生沐手恭書。 善信印利明敬獻。 ---> <!--- 福慧宝鼎 慧明大和尚 赤烏古剎 建寺一千七百六十周年紀念 古剎三國建 滬瀆有重玄 石佛音淨現 聖跡顯重元 唐時稱永泰 宋敕名靜安 聖祖留佛闡 仲師移伽藍 元收八景偈 明鑄鐘聲梵 清樹化羅漢 選賢十方讚 佛日普光明 福慧共修善 鼎運昌隆際 轉正法輪緣 歲次丁亥住持慧明監製 ---> # [[/Dipping your feet in with Wenyan Shu/]] <!--- 華亭 世尊遺法本忘言，教外別傳意已圓。 只履攜將蔥嶺去，不妨來上月明船。 ---> # [[/Foreseeing Monkhood with Yi Xing/]] <!--- 看命一掌金 ---> # [[/A Trip to Western Xia with Zhi Guang and Hui Zhen/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%91%AA%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%92%92%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> # [[/Jizang's Three Discourses/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%AB%96%E7%8E%84%E7%BE%A9 ---> ===Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples=== # [[/Qing dynasty Poetry with Nara Singde/]] <!--- 飲水詞 納蘭性德 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%B7 ---> # [[/Amassing Words with the Kangxi Emperor/]] <!--- Kangxi Dictionary Abstract - https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8 ---> # [[/Amassing Literature with the Qianlong Emperor/]] <!--- Siku Quanshu abstract https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE%E6%8F%90%E8%A6%81 ---> <!--- Yongzheng Emperor's Poetry https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D 《和碩怡賢親王祭文》 Also include 滿洲國 stuff to show the fall of the Qing and attempts to preserve it through becoming a Japanese puppet state. It is important to show how Literary Chinese can be misused as well. 滿洲國建國宣言 is a good shout, as is 法制 to prepare students who may be interested in Taiwan legal stuff later down the road. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E6%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B ---> ===Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature=== <!--- many writers here, will be difficult to sift through. Include 四库全書 abstracts and stuff here. ---> # [[/Jewish Refugees in Shanghai/]] <!--- Show passports, certificates, etc, from the Jewish Refugee Museum, anonymised. ---> # [[/A Literary Chinese Abstract/]] <!--- Abstracts from siku quanshu, probably want others ---> # [[/Lament with Lu Ruoteng/]] <!--- 《疑猜》盧若騰，東寧國 盟誓變為交質子，春秋戰國風如此；末世上下相疑猜, 更質妻子防逃徙。 此法只可羈庸奴，若遇梟雄術窮矣；妻可再娶子再育, 安能長坐針氈裏。 我贈一法君記存；推心置腹人知恩；眾人畜之眾人報, 幾個國士在君門。 盧若騰撰，陳漢光編輯，《島噫詩》，臺灣文獻叢刊第二四五種（臺北:臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1968年）21頁。 ---> # [[/Common Linguistics Knowledge in the RoC/]] <!--- 音韻常識 ---> ==References used for this page== * Yang, B. (2016). 文言语法 [Literary Chinese Grammar] (1st ed). 中华书局 [Zhonghua Book Company]. ISBN: 978-7-101-11619-9 * Priestley, K. E., & Shou-jung, C. (1962). China’s Men of Letters, Yesterday and Today. Dragonfly Books. {{BookCat}} 6kf4zya0o6r23xzpeit2wycnwnu83xd 4634429 4634428 2026-05-06T13:38:53Z Shira the Mogul 3560559 4634429 wikitext text/x-wiki __notoc__ Welcome to the Wikibook for Literary Chinese (Known as 漢文 "Han Language" in East Asia or 文言 "Literary Language" in China), aimed at individuals hoping to gain a general knowledge of it before progressing into genres they wish to be acquainted with. This is not the [[Classical Chinese]] textbook, which is aimed at Chinese Zhou-Qin era texts. This text aims to shed light on post-Zhou-Qin texts across East Asia, which mimic those texts. It does so through a "buffet" approach, showering you, the reader, with an ocean of texts of myriad genre. ==Table of Contents== === Front matter === * [[/Introduction/]] * [[/Appendices/]] === Useful resources === These are quick grab-bags that can be useful for vocabulary-building. * [[/Antonym List/]] <!--- 文/武，大/小，厚/薄，橫/縱...---> * [[/Collocation Groups/]] <!--- e.g. 四象，三靈…… ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等 Yan Fu's Qing-era translations for modern terms] <!--- Wikiversity has this (https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等) and the below, I will effectively be translating a lot of it! ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/上古語考輯 Communicative Terms] <!--- this will be translated eventually, but right now it's bad to just leave this here. ---> === Useful primers === Across history, many primers have been made for teaching Literary Chinese to children. These are a few that are recommended for use alongside this work, ideally in flashcards. * [https://www.fdgwz.org.cn/Web/Show/11308 倉頡篇] - Cangjie's Chapters, the earliest one. It is extant, but incomplete. It contains several rare characters, and so if used, I would personally recommend doing so later, or out of interest. * 三字經 - The Three Character Classic, an excellent piece for Confucian education. Pair with 弟子规 for best results. ** 三字經（太平天國版）- For Christians, there is a version made by Hong Xiuquan from the Taiping Rebellion. Despite the context, it is a legitimately useful primer and can be used to self-teach for the Delegate's Edition of the Christian Bible. * 千字文 - The Thousand Character Classic, a remarkable piece of constrained writing that only uses each character once. Amazing for building vocabulary whilst seeing historical allusions and the like. * 五字鑑 - The Five-Character Mirror, essentially the 24 Histories of China compressed into a primer. Uses 5-character couplets, the longest in this list. * 龍文鞭影 - The Shadow of Longwen's Whip, a historical allusion trainer. Best paired with a context piece. ===Unit 0: The Han script=== This unit is intended for those with no familiarity of the Han script. It will prepare you for the units ahead, teaching largely pictographic characters. By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around 30 characters. * Understand how characters are composed and how this gives them meaning. * Have a basic idea of how to handwrite and/or type characters. * Know some bare basics of Literary Chinese grammar (e.g. Basic word order, where adjectives go, lack of "is", 有...) Lessons: # [[/An Introduction to the Han Script/]] # [[/People, Big and Small/]] # [[/What are Chinese characters, anyway?/]] <!--- deploy several single-radical texts---> # [[/How do we write Chinese?/]] # [[/Tilling the Fields with 有/]] # [[/The Sun and the Moon/]] # [[/Weapons and Metals/]] # [[/Recognizing Phonetics/]] <!--- time to deploy my one-syllable articles! ---> # [[/Cangjie Created Characters/]] ===Unit 1: Basic Skills=== This unit is intended for those with minimal familiarity with the Han script and no familiarity with Literary Chinese. There is a focus on simple structures, skills for dissecting common textual structures, and short-form poetry in this unit. Before starting this unit, students should: * Recognise around ~30 characters. * Can use Cangjie input. * Have given Unit 0 a cursory glance. <br> By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around ~100 characters. * Comprehend numbers, the Heavenly Stems, and the Earthly Branches, and be able to use them to quantify time and date. * Intuit the basic topic -> comment idea behind Literary Chinese. "This, it is..." * Understand basic function words such as 也, 而, 有, and 謂. Lessons: # [[/The All-Purpose 也/]] # [[/An Introduction to Chinese Numbers/]] <!--- It is hard to find authentic materials for this ---> # [[/One, Two, Left, and Right with Gongsun Long/]] <!--- 曰：「二有一乎？」 曰：「二無一。」 曰：「二有右乎？」 曰：「二無右。」 曰：「二有左乎？」 曰：「二無左。」 曰：「右可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左與右可謂二乎？」 曰：「可。」 ---> # [[/The Heavenly Stems/]] <!--- Introduce ordinals, which will be used to demonstrate sentence patterns later. ---> # [[/Tell the Time with Earthly Branches/]] <!--- Introduce verbs and timekeeping ---> # [[/Lunar Dates with the Spring and Autumn Annals/]] <!--- Vocabulary: 歲，年，朔，月，日，來，前，初，正，春秋夏冬，曆，上，下. Consider including traditional names for months in a list. ---> # [[/Skimming for Major Events in Historical Annals/]] <!--- Don't simply use Confucius's Chunqiu: We can use texts inspired by it. E.g. 三國史記 - 十五年京城旱。秋七月，蝗。very few new characters, lots one can use. Instantly able to use. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B701 Skimming annals is very possible and a very useful skill. Don't skip out on it. Teach students to skim read!!! ---> # [[/Dinner with the Daimyo/]] <!-- 侍宴·大友皇子 皇明光日月，帝徳載天地。 三才併秦昌，万国表臣義。 --> # [[/In Discourse with Jibong/]] <!-- 芝峰類說 倭國謂田爲畠。謂水田爲田。火田爲畑。猶我國以水田爲畓也。故官名有畠山殿。地名有畑島云。 --> # [[/Shinto FAQ with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%81%93%E5%95%8F%E5%B0%8D 眞道問對 本田親徳 really good way of operationalising 乎 and much of the early grammar. 問 天帝無始無終乎。 對 天帝無始無終也。 旣以無始無終之力 與無始無終之體 造無始無終之萬物。 其功亦無始無終也。 問 天地大原在道乎。 對 天地大原實在道。 鬼神依道而立。 人民依道而活。 萬物依道而息。 This is great! ---> <!--- Some cool stuff I saw someone studying from https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B3%E6%BD%AD%E8%A8%98# https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%88%9F%E8%A8%98 Could be used for period focus ---> ===Unit 2: An Overview of Sinitic Poetry=== This unit will teach you how Sinitic Poetry operates; - that is, the way individuals in the Sinosphere compose poetry in Literary Chinese. Despite this language's fall out of favour in the past century, this tradition is still remarkably alive and well, and their short length makes them more accessible than elaborate prose. In this unit, you will begin from the ''Classic of Poetry'' before travelling through poems from the Tang dynasty, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, the Ryukyu Kingdom, and Korea. When introducing poetry, I will furthermore use the language from the nation it is from to show how it is recited by its people. After discussing the Classic of Poetry, we will also be a small detour into a discussion on Ping-Ze 平仄, the Tang dynasty system of alternating tones, so to produce rhyme on tonal and phonological levels. This had a major impact on Literary Chinese poetry as a whole! By the end of this Unit, students will: * Recognise around 120 more characters. * Be able to explain how Sinitic Poetry rhymes and the themes it contains. * Be able to use function words such as 在, 無, 不, 聿, and 于/於 in poetic contexts. * Recognise the switch between 吾/我 in the subject-object positions and demonstrate it in usage. * (Chinese speakers) Be able to differentiate 于 and 於, and understand the "interest(ed) in" meaning of 好 in most circumstances. <!--- Summary of the above part about 于 and 於 for other editors: 于 and 於 were distinct words for an extremely long time and were still such to Literary Chinese writers. Their "merging" through Simplified-Traditional Chinese distinctions is a very modern thing. I will summarise their usages here, using Pulleyblank's Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar (2000); * 于 - This can mean "to go" or "to/at". 黃鳥于飛 "The yellow birds go flying". Must be post-verbal. It can also appear in 至于. * 於 - This is an all-purpose locative preposition - from "on/at/in" to "from" or even "than" (甲於乙). The implication of motion is not there at all. Must be pre-verbal. It can also appear in 之於 or be an archaic noun for a crow 於 (烏). ---> Lessons: # [[/Across the Rivers with Emperor Puliuru Guang/]] <!--- 春江花月夜·楊廣 夜露含花氣，春潭漾月暉。 漢水逢遊女，湘川值二妃。 This is really simple and can elucidate Ping-Ze easily. ---> # [[/To Study the Odes/]] <!-- 蟋蟀·姬旦 國風·唐風 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其莫。今我不樂，日月其除。無已大康，職思其居。好樂無荒，良士瞿瞿。 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其逝。今我不樂，日月其邁。無已大康，職思其外。好樂無荒，良士蹶蹶。 蟋蟀在堂，役車其休。今我不樂，日月其慆。無已大康，職思其憂。好樂無荒，良士休休。 --> <!-- 黃鳥 小雅·鴻鴈之什 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于穀，無啄我粟。 此邦之人，不我肯穀。言旋言歸，復我邦族。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于桑，無啄我粱。 此邦之人，不可與明。言旋言歸，復我諸兄。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于栩，無啄我黍。 此邦之人，不可與處。言旋言歸，復我諸父。 --> # [[/A Detour into Orthodox Ping-Ze/]] <!--- 平 and 仄 are useful characters themselves. Show 仄 in the binomes 反仄，歉仄，逼仄 as it's often difficult to immediately use ---> # [[/The Restraint of Du Fu/]] # [[/The Longing of Li Bai/]] # [[/The Environment with Bukha Timur/]] <!--- 西湖竹枝詞·布哈特穆爾 湖上春歸人未歸，桃紅柳緑黄鶯飛。 桃花落時多結子，楊花落處秪沾衣。 宫词·布哈特穆爾 玉樓珠箔晚天涼，秋色依稀滿建章。 金井梧桐霜葉盡，自隨流水出宮牆。 Mongol writer from the Uyghur Kingdom of Gaochang Spammed Ctrl+F in https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E9%81%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%9D%E8%A9%A9_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC) ---> # [[/Pillow Talk with Guan Yunshi/]] <!--- 紅繡鞋·貫雲石 挨著靠著雲窗同坐，偎著抱著月枕雙歌，聽著數著愁著怕著早四更過。四更過情未足，情未足夜如梭。天哪，更閏一更兒妨甚么！ Uyghur author! ---> # [[/Buddhist Philosophy with Ngô Chân Lưu and Taisei Shōan/]] <!-- 元火·吳真流 木中元有火，元火復還生。 若為木無火，鉆燧何有萌。--> <!-- 杜鵑·大成聖安 夢覚孤床静 杜鵑帯雨飛 一声来近枕 何者不沾衣 --> # [[/Odes with Mō Taiei and Zheng Chengxun/]] <!-- 詠松·毛泰永 植體宜千仞，垂陰動百尋。 李膺真烈烈，和嶠自森森。 桃李何堪較，雪霜安得侵。 萬年身不老，種子又成林。 AKA Inoha Seiki 伊野波 盛紀 --> <!-- 詠班蘭·鄭成勛 南國多芳草，班蘭最有名。 深根將綠茁，長葉亦叢生。 取味迎賓合，入厨任水烹。 可憐經一用，擲棄不留情。 鄭成勛《樵隱詩集》 https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/dsprojects/sg-jiutishi/poem/827 --> # [[/On a Journey with Sa Dula/]] <!--- 無題·薩都剌 為客三年海上洲，故鄉何處瘴雲稠。 數千里外蠻人域，十八灘頭過客舟。 時有山禽呼姓字，或從海鳥作朋儔。 故人珂珮周旋處，紫殿風清十二樓。 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%A1%8C_(%E8%96%A9%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C) A naturalised Mongol scholar who made a beautiful poem. This'll be a capstone. ---> <!--- 朝中措·襄陽古道灞陵橋 襄陽古道灞陵橋，詩興與秋高。 千古風流人物，一時多少雄豪。 霜清玉塞，雲飛隴首，風落江皋。 夢到鳳凰台上，山圍故國周遭。 北郊晚步 陂水荷凋晚，茅檐燕去涼。 遠林明落景，平麓淡秋光。 群牧歸村巷，孤禽立野航。 自諳閑散樂，園圃意尤長。 Jurchen poet and grandson of Emperor Shizong of Jin. He's a Zen Buddhist, so we'll go back to him later. ---> ===Unit 3: Confucianism and the World=== This is a Confucian-themed unit with a smattering of other items. You will see the odd geography of the past, early linguistic philosophy, and terrifying breakaway states! By the end of this unit, students should be able to: * Recognise around 200+ characters. * Read basic annals and histories with some dictionary assistance, and comprehend 3-character structures reliably. * Have encountered basic grammatical points such as 之、乎、者、也、而、則、乃、所、以、於、于、與、且、蓋、and 夫. ** 於 and 于 should be distinguishable. * Survive a text of at least 250 characters and read for gist. Lessons: # [[/A Brief Overview of Confucianism/]] # [[/The Mountains with Yelü Tuyu/]] <!--- 立木海上刻詩 耶律圖欲 / 耶律倍 / 李贊華 小山壓大山，大山全無力。 羞見故鄉人，從此投外國。 ---> # [[/Is a White Horse a Horse?/]]<!-- Teach negation with 非 in 公孙龍子 and compare with 不 --> # [[/The Three Character Classic/]] # [[/Expressing Filial Conduct with Confucius and Hara Saihin/]] <!-- 次韻杏坪先生 父執有君孤不孤 相依遍接搢紳徒 区区自抱地方寸 杏杏重遊天一隅 羇雁飛鳴迷汝國 家人思夢入江都 如教志業青年遂 世上寧無逐臭夫 --> # [[/Confucianism and the Environment with Sai On/]]<!-- 木假山記 --> # [[/In Debate with Mencius/]] ===Unit 4: Women's Writing=== In this unit, women's writing from various areas of China will be explored. This is chiefly targeted at poetry and the themes within; from the feminine voice of the Classic of Poetry to the remonstrance towards the Khitan Emperor Tianzuo of Jin by his Consort Dasese. The role of women in courtly society is to be elucidated here! # [[/An Unmarried Life with Heo Nansŏrhŏn/]] <!--- 貧女吟 豈是乏容色。工鍼復工織。 少小長寒門。良媒不相識。 夜久織未休。戛戛鳴寒機。 機中一匹練。終作阿誰衣。 手把金翦刀。夜寒十指直。 爲人作嫁衣。年年還獨宿。 ---> # [[/Responding to Lord Trần with Hồ Xuân Hương/]] <!--- Responding to 陳光靜 Trần Quang Tĩnh 《和陳侯》 愧無才調使人驚，十載風塵貫耳鈴。 已是臨枰知敵手，莫須敲月苦殫精。 為輪為彈隨遭遇，誰鳳誰鶯任賦生。 造物於人何苟惜，明珠休向暗中呈。 莫須 is an important structure to teach here. ---> # [[/Gaze into the Autumn Night with Taisei Shōan/]] <!--- 秋夜偶成·大成聖安 長天浮爽気，月色興無窮 群犬吠山径，百蟲啼野風 悲秋秋夜永，感古古今同 自是孤窓下，凄然万慮空 ---> # [[/Visiting a Temple with Yu Xuanji/]] <!--- 遊崇真觀南樓覩新及第題名處 雲峰滿目放春晴，歷歷銀鈎指下生。 自恨羅衣掩詩句，擧頭空羨榜中名。 ---> # [[/Remonstrance with Dasese/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AB%B7%E8%AB%AB%E6%AD%8C 諷諫歌·大瑟瑟 勿嗟塞上兮暗紅塵。 勿傷多難兮畏夷人。 不如塞奸邪之路兮選取賢臣。 直須臥薪嚐膽兮激壯士之捐身。 可以朝清漠北兮夕枕燕雲。 Dasese (or 萧瑟瑟) was a Khitan consort to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao. She remonstrated him as the Jurchens were beginning to encroach upon the Khitan, and was forced to commit suicide for her remonstrance. Tianzuo would soon pay for his malfeasance. ---> # [[/The Love Songs of the Odes/]] <!--- 褰裳 子惠思我，褰裳涉溱。子不我思，豈無他人？狂童之狂也且！ 子惠思我，褰裳涉洧。子不我思，豈無他士？狂童之狂也且！ 柏舟 彼柏舟，在彼中河，髧彼兩髦，實維我儀，之死矢靡它，母也天只，不諒人只。 汎彼柏舟，在彼河側，髧彼兩髦，實維我特，之死矢靡慝，母也天只，不諒人只。 行露 厭浥行露，豈不夙夜，謂行多露。 誰謂雀無角？何以穿我屋？誰謂女無家？何以速我獄？雖速我獄，室家不足。 誰謂鼠無牙？何以穿我墉？誰謂女無家？何以速我訟？雖速我訟，亦不女從。 ---> # [[/Rules for Women with Ban Zhao/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%AA%A1 ---> # [[/The Tragedy of Cai Wenji/]] <!--- 悲憤詩 〔兩漢〕蔡文姬 漢季失權柄，董卓亂天常。 志欲圖篡弒，先害諸賢良。 逼迫遷舊邦，擁主以自強。 海內興義師，欲共討不祥。 卓眾來東下，金甲耀日光。 平土人脆弱，來兵皆胡羌。 獵野圍城邑，所向悉破亡。 斬截無孑遺，屍骸相撐拒。 馬邊懸男頭，馬後載婦女。 長驅西入關，迥路險且阻。 還顧邈冥冥，肝脾為爛腐。 所略有萬計，不得令屯聚。 或有骨肉俱，欲言不敢語。 失意幾微間，輒言斃降虜。 要當以亭刃，我曹不活汝。 豈復惜性命，不堪其詈罵。 或便加棰杖，毒痛參並下。 旦則號泣行，夜則悲吟坐。 欲死不能得，欲生無一可。 彼蒼者何辜，乃遭此厄禍。 邊荒與華異，人俗少義理。 處所多霜雪，胡風春夏起。 翩翩吹我衣，肅肅入我耳。 感時念父母，哀嘆無窮已。 有客從外來，聞之常歡喜。 迎問其消息，輒復非鄉里。 邂逅徼時願，骨肉來迎己。 己得自解免，當復棄兒子。 天屬綴人心，念別無會期。 存亡永乖隔，不忍與之辭。 兒前抱我頸，問母欲何之。 人言母當去，豈復有還時。 阿母常仁惻，今何更不慈。 我尚未成人，奈何不顧思。 見此崩五內，恍惚生狂痴。 號泣手撫摩，當發復回疑。 兼有同時輩，相送告離別。 慕我獨得歸，哀叫聲摧裂。 馬為立踟躕，車為不轉轍。 觀者皆噓唏，行路亦嗚咽。 去去割情戀，遄征日遐邁。 悠悠三千里，何時復交會。 念我出腹子，匈臆為摧敗。 既至家人盡，又復無中外。 城廓為山林，庭宇生荊艾。 白骨不知誰，縱橫莫覆蓋。 出門無人聲，豺狼號且吠。 煢煢對孤景，怛吒糜肝肺。 登高遠眺望，魂神忽飛逝。 奄若壽命盡，旁人相寬大。 為復強視息，雖生何聊賴。 託命於新人，竭心自勖勵。 流離成鄙賤，常恐復捐廢。 人生幾何時，懷憂終年歲。 ---> ===Unit 5: Myths and Legends of East Asia=== <!--- Shanhaijing, Zibuyu... Etc. Zhiguai literature. This aims to provide a counterpoint to what Confucius wouldn't discuss - thus Zibuyu. Going straight into Daoism isn't ideal. ---> # [[/Exploring the World of Mountains and Seas/]]<!-- Structure: 出焉 --> # [[/Oh, the Qilin!/]] <!--- Even here, the odes can be studied! ---> # [[/Ultimate Justice with Xiezhi/]] # [[/The Virtue of the Fenghuang/]] # [[/The Entrapment of Hua Po/]] # [[/Nüwa Created the World/]] ===Unit 6: Nation Focus - Japan=== # [[/The Inariyama Sword/]] <!--- short and sweet! ---> # [[/Entering Japan with Takeda Shingen/]] <!--- 便面蘆間有漁·武田信玄 山色水光烟接天，漁翁江上棹蘆辺 丹青若写得勝景，万里風波一釣船 便面半月照梅花·武田信玄 蘆葦清風垂頂絲，窺魚白鷺水生涯 江南記得曾遊夕，似見梨花院落時 島森哲男. (2015). 武田信玄漢詩校釈. 宮城教育大学紀要, 49, 333–352. https://mue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/440 似 is a really useful thing to teach early on. ---> # [[/The Oldest Inscription in Japan/]] <!--- 宇治橋断碑 ---> # [[/Remembering Conflict with Nakajima Noburu/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/6faa4d3e57a24e542db0375894f0ead5503218bb ---> # [[/Shinto Teachings with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%9F 本田親徳 道之大原 ---> # [[/The Diary of Fujiwara no Teika/]] <!--- 明月記 ---> # [[/Reading the History of Japan with Prince Toneri/]] <!--- 日本書記, etc. ---> <!--- # [[/Occupying Taiwan/]] ---> <!--- I have some colonial literature on me that can be used here. ---> ===Unit 7: Nation Focus - Korea=== <!--- 三國史記 for sure! ---> <!--- 放蟬賦 by Yi Kyubo ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%A0%A4%E9%BD%8B%E9%81%BA%E7%A8%BF 頤齋遺稿 黃胤錫 Joseon scholar! ---> # [[/An Elegy to the Empress with Choe Ja/]] <!--- Choe Ja 元德大后輓詞·崔滋（최자） 乾極曾客配,坤儀正體元。 枕前朝聖主,帳底見曾孫。 陰慘俄沉月,屋悲便沒軒。 三韓千古淚,七十九年恩。 ---> # [[/Language Reform with Sejong the Great/]] <!--- 訓民正音 https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/1ef2b42cc50055affaa5ef39c61b87ed31c34a60 multiple poems and descriptive terms, possibly the best capstone ---> ===Unit 8: Christian Literature=== # [[/A Different Three Character Classic with Hong Xiuquan/]] # [[/Friar Juan Cobo's Veritable Record/]] <!--- One of few texts from the Philippines that I have ever found! https://bnedigital.bne.es/bd/en/viewer?id=0160187c-9d9b-4f34-84d6-bc03fd310c69 ---> # [[/The Delegate's Edition/]] # [[/Nestorian Steles during the Tang/]] <!--- 大秦景教宣元至本經經幢 and 景教碑 ---> # [[/Hong Xiuquan's Bible/]] <!--- https://bible.fhl.net/ob/nob.html?book=407 ---> <!--- I don't want to focus too much on Hong Xiuquan here, so look for more material, especially from missionaries. ---> ===Unit 9: An Introduction to Daoism=== <!--- And now back to your regularly scheduled Zhuangzi/Laozi/Liezi. But with more interesting stuff. Trust! ---> # [[/Laozi Explains the Dao/]] <!--- 道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無欲，以觀其妙；常有欲，以觀其徼。此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。I can expect learners to recognise the stuff here. ---> # [[/Qingtan with Xie Daoyun/]] <!--- 謝道韞; mentioned in the sanzijing. could be good! 《泰山吟·謝道韞》 峩峩東嶽高，秀極衝青天。 巖中間虛宇，寂寞幽以玄。 非工復非匠，雲構發自然。 器象爾何物，遂令我屢遷。 逝將宅斯宇，可以盡天年。 《拟嵇中散咏松诗·謝道韞》 遙望山上松，隆冬不能凋。 願想遊不憩，瞻彼萬仞條。 騰躍未能升，頓足俟王喬。 時哉不我與，大運所飄遙。 ---> # [[/The Doubting Neighbour/]] # [[/Kuafu Chases the Sun/]] # [[/The Frog in a Well/]] # [[/Wu wei with King Hui of Liang/]] # [[/The Old Man that Moves the Mountains/]] # [[/Master Zhuang Dreams of Butterflies/]] <!--- Currently very stereotypical, but there's stuff to work with at least. Need to include those weird Daoist characters among other things. ---> ===Unit 10: Nation Focus - Ryukyu Kingdom=== # [[/Historical Annals with Sai On/]] <!--- Kyuko is an easy cop ---> # [[/The Enthronement of Shō Tei/]] <!--- 康熙二十二年封王尚貞敕 皇帝敕諭琉球國中山王世子尚貞：惟爾遠處海隅，虔修職貢；屬在塚嗣，序應承祧。以朝命未膺，罔敢專擅；恪遵典制，奉表請封。朕念爾世守臣節，忠誠可嘉！特遣正使翰林院檢討汪楫、副使內閣中書舍人加一級林麟焻，齎敕封爾為琉球國中山王，並賜爾及妃文幣等物。爾祗承寵眷，懋紹先猷；輯和臣民，慎固封守：用安宗社於苞桑，永作天家之屏翰。欽哉，毋替朕命！故諭。 Teach imperial edicts. Consider seeing if there's a letter of acceptance from Shō Tei. Recorded in 琉球國志略 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=966326 ---> # [[/The Twilight of Ryukyu with Shō Ten/]] <!--- 神田酒樓街燈 尚典 酒樓今秋設芳筵， 一望街燈燦燦連。 烟氣引來通柱上， 光爭星月照神田。 ---> # [[/A Trip to Ryukyu with Luo Sen/]] <!--- Pre-Capstone ---> <!--- 遐邇貫珍 1854-11 - 日本日記 羅森 https://archive.org/details/HEKC185411/page/n5/mode/1up A solid description of Ryukyu cultural customs in Volume 11. Absolutely incredible. 日三日火船直向東北而駛出了臺灣之外幾日不見天涯是時北風大作波浪沖天火船亦甚飄蕩而不能立見有沙鷗隨風而逐浪心直駛七日漸見小山而到琉球琉球一國長闊一百七十五里其國城在地球圖緯線赤道之北二十六度十四分經線中華北京偏東十一度二十四分自明以來世封王爵叨列藩籬其處土產不過蔬菜番薯菜油黑糖等類人民束髻大補是穿草履男女粧飾頭上祇插一簪二簪為別故少年之男女瞥目則無異及其壯也皆留鬚髯故街上長鬚之人甚多甲寅正月初一予上岸遊玩見街上兒童甚多分以銅錢各極歡喜人民亦甚謙恭民居間亦貼新春聯于門外但不見有別等繁華之事那霸有寺寺內有園是名家世宦之墳所以石刊刻姓名年號于碑上每日道人打掃供奉生花樹葉于墓前另有人家祖墳與中國之明塚無異峰巒之上樹木多植民房則以蠻石圍墻內以茅草結屋而居佳物椅棹俱無惟以草蓆屈膝而坐對火盆而吹煙民間亦有識中國言語字墨者 不張舖店惟有墟塲男不貿易婦女為之以貨易貨而外方之金銀弗尚焉然而百姓亦甚畏官長飲食亦甚粗粕甘守樸儉不務奢華亦鮮欺詐板門紙窓夜間亦不防竊曾見途中撿物亦能以返原人公門之內冷冷落落並無案牘之煩淳樸之風畧有同于上古之世我等外國之欲買什物須言于官官為代辦正月初六提督被理衛廉士等一班將官布列威嚴與予乘轎至王宮總理大臣尚宏勳為主席布政大夫馬良才為知客享宴甚豐食物多與中國無異宴後各官皆饋有紙扇烟包布帛等項是物雖粗此亦世子之恭敬外國故亞國亦以禮物而返贈之世子王宮離岸三里在于山頂是名守禮將至其宮一路亦有樹木石牌坊宮室亦甚寬大幽雅垣局可觀其處多栽鳳尾草森樹等類以障陰山邊田土樹藝五穀近海沙田水漲之後人收其沙以煎鹽此時明月當圓予覽山川亦足見一方之風景 ---> <!--- 中山世鑑 and so on. Lots of poetry too. ---> ===Unit 11: Nation Focus - Singapore=== <!--- National Library of Singapore has a poetry series that's super good! ---> ===Unit 12: Literary Chinese in Medicine=== <!--- do not endorse the medical practices discussed in these...make sure to link back to the heavenly stems here as they are associated with specific body parts. ---> # [[/Deviant Qi with Zhang Congzheng/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%84%92%E9%96%80%E4%BA%8B%E8%A6%AA ---> # [[/Anatomy with Sugita Genpaku/]] <!--- 解体新書 ---> ===Unit 13: People Focus - Zhuang peoples=== <!--- https://mooc1.chaoxing.com/mooc-ans/ztnodedetailcontroller/visitnodedetail?courseId=84745403&knowledgeId=84745463&_from_=&_fromV2_=&rtag= 《峤西诗钞》 is also a really good shout. ---> <!--- Basically, there are Zhuang and Tangut peoples who wrote in Literary Chinese, and their inclusion here is to show that even those who made their own scripts would use this tongue. 张鸿翮 imported the character 朴 to describe a bug, for example. ---> # [[/Zhuang poetry with Zhang Honghe/]] <!--- https://wenyi.gmw.cn/2024-06/25/content_37398911.htm 一是忠实记录了汉诗创作与古壮字交融的文化现象。清代壮族诗人张鸿翮（hé）《大塘谣》（《峤西诗钞》卷二）云： 去了休。去到大塘红蓼洲。红蓼生花，不结子。绿朴生花，毬见毬。 诗中所说“绿朴”，是壮族对柚子的惯称。“柚子”，壮语发音为“bug”。根据《古壮字字典》，其对应的古壮字为“朴（㭪）”。诗人将古壮字运用到汉文诗歌创作中，刻下了明清壮汉文化交相辉映的注脚。 This sort of thing is why Zhuang and Tangut inclusion is important, as they show how flexible Literary Chinese can be. ---> <!--- Possible Jurchen/Khitan focus? 耶律楚材 - Served 窝阔台, 玄風慶會錄 is short and respectable enough to work with. ---> ===Unit 14: People Focus - Tangut peoples=== <!--- 羅福萇 and 羅振玉 wrote studies on Western Xia / Tangut script. Look for poets and stuff. ---> ===Unit 15: Literary Chinese in the Military=== <!--- Real Sun Zi hours! 7 Military Classics are an obvious shout, but look for more stuff too. ---> # [[/Going to war with Boyan/]] <!--- Boyan's Poem from the 元史 　　伯顏，蒙古巴林部人。至元十一年拜中書左丞相，總兵伐宋。官至開府儀同三司，薨贈太師，封淮安王，諡忠武。 　　《玉堂嘉話》：初，宋未下時，江南謠云：「江南若破，白雁來過。」當時莫喻其意。及宋亡，蓋知指丞相巴延也。 　　過梅嶺岡留題 馬首經從庾嶺回 【 庾嶺回　七修類稿（乾隆刊本）卷四十六作「嶺島歸」。】 ，王師到處悉平夷。擔頭不帶江南物，只插梅花一兩枝。 　　《七修類藳》：伯顏下江南，過金陵梅嶺岡詩云云。所以著名，亦有是善。 ---> # [[/An Edict from the Xianbei/]] <!--- 教義詔 楊廣 武有七德，先之以安民。政有六本，興之以教義。高麗高元，虧失藩禮，將欲問罪遼左，恢宣勝略。雖懷伐國，仍事省方。今往涿郡，巡撫民俗。其河北諸郡及山西、山東年九十已上者，版授太守；八十者，授縣令。 ---> # [[/The Suppression of the Kingdom of Dongning/]] <!--- 台灣鄭氏始末 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=139938 Largely a record of wars in Dongning rather than anything about the trade etc, so it fits here. ---> # [[/The Shunzhi Emperor vs Li Zicheng/]] <!--- 順治帝 告示 逆酋李自成已於通城斃命，各地鄉勇務隨我軍剿殺逆賊殘餘,凡有斬獲逆酋及擒獲逆酋交我軍者，一經驗證，按軍功論級給賞，必以示我朝皇恩浩蕩。 大清順治二年五月二十四日 恩詔 今月何日，為國曆改歲之履端,即為永昌書元之紀念？緬惟我朝民眾，三元肇慶，四始發祥。陳椒酒以飛觴，躋堂介壽；換桃符以獻歲，辟戶書新。翹望德容，河勝額手。今山河如舊，歲序更新;今天下同春，咸頒麗澤。願我朝君臣與萬民同樂，共沐化日光天，方不虛度韶華。 永昌二年新正初一 There's probably better choices here. Review. ---> ===Unit 16: Nation Focus - Vietnam=== <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/cfe6700e01f6fd59616a375d31aa8cd096677be1 this first ---> # [[/Ancestor Veneration with the Descendants of Zhu Xi/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/tree/main/corpus%2F%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%2Fclean somewhere in here ---> # [[/Spreading Revolutionary Consciousness with Phan Bội Châu and Liang Qichao/]] <!--- 越南亡國史 Possibly the most important text in Vietnamese history, not even gonna lie. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2 ---> # [[/Academia in Literary Chinese between East and West/]] <!--- 南風雜誌 is a massive shout here. Absolutely amazing series. ---> ===Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae=== <!--- 永樂大典 will teach how to infer from gaps in texts! 《編類》 is an incredibly interesting essay from here that can bring up the odes and Confucius's「思無邪」quote. It can prepare students for the wrath of Qing academia later. ---> # [[/The History of Liao, Jin, and Song with Toqto'a/]] <!--- 脱脱 ---> # [[/Two Years in the Forbidden City with Yu Deling/]] <!--- 清宮禁二年記 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%AE%AE%E7%A6%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%A8%98 ---> # [[/Excerpts from a Modern History of the Da Shun/]] <!--- Fair Use of a 2010 book written in Literary Chinese about the Da Shun dynasty. Limit to 500 characters, if that. Use to encourage recognition of Simplified variants and modern Wenyanwen. ---> # [[/Documenting the World with Terajima/]] <!--- 和漢三才図会 寺島良安, built off 三才圖會 ---> ===Unit 18: Buddhist Literature=== <!--- You would be forgiven for wondering why this is so late, but if you look at many classical Buddhist texts you'll quickly see a ton of loanwords that make it significantly more difficult to read than the average text. Thus, it goes here for now. Look at Japan's 五山文学 ---> # [[/Two Buddhist Temples in Shanghai/]] <!--- 留雲禪寺 雲留雲翔領畧幾許禪機此地有雲散天開真如界。 塔內塔外普示無邊圓覺是故曰塔影雙照解脫門。 歲次壬午冬月吉旦。 覺醒敬撰。 楊胡生沐手恭書。 善信印利明敬獻。 ---> <!--- 福慧宝鼎 慧明大和尚 赤烏古剎 建寺一千七百六十周年紀念 古剎三國建 滬瀆有重玄 石佛音淨現 聖跡顯重元 唐時稱永泰 宋敕名靜安 聖祖留佛闡 仲師移伽藍 元收八景偈 明鑄鐘聲梵 清樹化羅漢 選賢十方讚 佛日普光明 福慧共修善 鼎運昌隆際 轉正法輪緣 歲次丁亥住持慧明監製 Useful phrase: 南無本師釋迦牟尼佛 ---> # [[/Dipping your feet in with Wenyan Shu/]] <!--- 華亭 世尊遺法本忘言，教外別傳意已圓。 只履攜將蔥嶺去，不妨來上月明船。 ---> # [[/Foreseeing Monkhood with Yi Xing/]] <!--- 看命一掌金 ---> # [[/A Trip to Western Xia with Zhi Guang and Hui Zhen/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%91%AA%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%92%92%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> # [[/Jizang's Three Discourses/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%AB%96%E7%8E%84%E7%BE%A9 ---> ===Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples=== # [[/Qing dynasty Poetry with Nara Singde/]] <!--- 飲水詞 納蘭性德 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%B7 ---> # [[/Amassing Words with the Kangxi Emperor/]] <!--- Kangxi Dictionary Abstract - https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8 ---> # [[/Amassing Literature with the Qianlong Emperor/]] <!--- Siku Quanshu abstract https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE%E6%8F%90%E8%A6%81 ---> <!--- Yongzheng Emperor's Poetry https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D 《和碩怡賢親王祭文》 Also include 滿洲國 stuff to show the fall of the Qing and attempts to preserve it through becoming a Japanese puppet state. It is important to show how Literary Chinese can be misused as well. 滿洲國建國宣言 is a good shout, as is 法制 to prepare students who may be interested in Taiwan legal stuff later down the road. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E6%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B ---> ===Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature=== <!--- many writers here, will be difficult to sift through. Include 四库全書 abstracts and stuff here. ---> # [[/Jewish Refugees in Shanghai/]] <!--- Show passports, certificates, etc, from the Jewish Refugee Museum, anonymised. ---> # [[/A Literary Chinese Abstract/]] <!--- Abstracts from siku quanshu, probably want others ---> # [[/Lament with Lu Ruoteng/]] <!--- 《疑猜》盧若騰，東寧國 盟誓變為交質子，春秋戰國風如此；末世上下相疑猜, 更質妻子防逃徙。 此法只可羈庸奴，若遇梟雄術窮矣；妻可再娶子再育, 安能長坐針氈裏。 我贈一法君記存；推心置腹人知恩；眾人畜之眾人報, 幾個國士在君門。 盧若騰撰，陳漢光編輯，《島噫詩》，臺灣文獻叢刊第二四五種（臺北:臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1968年）21頁。 ---> # [[/Common Linguistics Knowledge in the RoC/]] <!--- 音韻常識 ---> ==References used for this page== * Yang, B. (2016). 文言语法 [Literary Chinese Grammar] (1st ed). 中华书局 [Zhonghua Book Company]. ISBN: 978-7-101-11619-9 * Priestley, K. E., & Shou-jung, C. (1962). China’s Men of Letters, Yesterday and Today. Dragonfly Books. {{BookCat}} i6p23h1q224fi6wh1r2e4ithezvp8rp 4634430 4634429 2026-05-06T13:41:49Z Shira the Mogul 3560559 4634430 wikitext text/x-wiki __notoc__ Welcome to the Wikibook for Literary Chinese (Known as 漢文 "Han Language" in East Asia or 文言 "Literary Language" in China), aimed at individuals hoping to gain a general knowledge of it before progressing into genres they wish to be acquainted with. This is not the [[Classical Chinese]] textbook, which is aimed at Chinese Zhou-Qin era texts. This text aims to shed light on post-Zhou-Qin texts across East Asia, which mimic those texts. It does so through a "buffet" approach, showering you, the reader, with an ocean of texts of myriad genre. ==Table of Contents== === Front matter === * [[/Introduction/]] * [[/Appendices/]] === Useful resources === These are quick grab-bags that can be useful for vocabulary-building. * [[/Antonym List/]] <!--- 文/武，大/小，厚/薄，橫/縱...---> * [[/Collocation Groups/]] <!--- e.g. 四象，三靈…… ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等 Yan Fu's Qing-era translations for modern terms] <!--- Wikiversity has this (https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等) and the below, I will effectively be translating a lot of it! ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/上古語考輯 Communicative Terms] <!--- this will be translated eventually, but right now it's bad to just leave this here. ---> === Useful primers === Across history, many primers have been made for teaching Literary Chinese to children. These are a few that are recommended for use alongside this work, ideally in flashcards. * [https://www.fdgwz.org.cn/Web/Show/11308 倉頡篇] - Cangjie's Chapters, the earliest one. It is extant, but incomplete. It contains several rare characters, and so if used, I would personally recommend doing so later, or out of interest. * 三字經 - The Three Character Classic, an excellent piece for Confucian education. Pair with 弟子规 for best results. ** 三字經（太平天國版）- For Christians, there is a version made by Hong Xiuquan from the Taiping Rebellion. Despite the context, it is a legitimately useful primer and can be used to self-teach for the Delegate's Edition of the Christian Bible. * 千字文 - The Thousand Character Classic, a remarkable piece of constrained writing that only uses each character once. Amazing for building vocabulary whilst seeing historical allusions and the like. * 五字鑑 - The Five-Character Mirror, essentially the 24 Histories of China compressed into a primer. Uses 5-character couplets, the longest in this list. * 龍文鞭影 - The Shadow of Longwen's Whip, a historical allusion trainer. Best paired with a context piece. ===Unit 0: The Han script=== This unit is intended for those with no familiarity of the Han script. It will prepare you for the units ahead, teaching largely pictographic characters. By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around 30 characters. * Understand how characters are composed and how this gives them meaning. * Have a basic idea of how to handwrite and/or type characters. * Know some bare basics of Literary Chinese grammar (e.g. Basic word order, where adjectives go, lack of "is", 有...) Lessons: # [[/An Introduction to the Han Script/]] # [[/People, Big and Small/]] # [[/What are Chinese characters, anyway?/]] <!--- deploy several single-radical texts---> # [[/How do we write Chinese?/]] # [[/Tilling the Fields with 有/]] # [[/The Sun and the Moon/]] # [[/Weapons and Metals/]] # [[/Recognizing Phonetics/]] <!--- time to deploy my one-syllable articles! ---> # [[/Cangjie Created Characters/]] ===Unit 1: Basic Skills=== This unit is intended for those with minimal familiarity with the Han script and no familiarity with Literary Chinese. There is a focus on simple structures, skills for dissecting common textual structures, and short-form poetry in this unit. Before starting this unit, students should: * Recognise around ~30 characters. * Can use Cangjie input. * Have given Unit 0 a cursory glance. <br> By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around ~100 characters. * Comprehend numbers, the Heavenly Stems, and the Earthly Branches, and be able to use them to quantify time and date. * Intuit the basic topic -> comment idea behind Literary Chinese. "This, it is..." * Understand basic function words such as 也, 而, 有, and 謂. Lessons: # [[/The All-Purpose 也/]] # [[/An Introduction to Chinese Numbers/]] <!--- It is hard to find authentic materials for this ---> # [[/One, Two, Left, and Right with Gongsun Long/]] <!--- 曰：「二有一乎？」 曰：「二無一。」 曰：「二有右乎？」 曰：「二無右。」 曰：「二有左乎？」 曰：「二無左。」 曰：「右可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左與右可謂二乎？」 曰：「可。」 ---> # [[/The Heavenly Stems/]] <!--- Introduce ordinals, which will be used to demonstrate sentence patterns later. ---> # [[/Tell the Time with Earthly Branches/]] <!--- Introduce verbs and timekeeping ---> # [[/Lunar Dates with the Spring and Autumn Annals/]] <!--- Vocabulary: 歲，年，朔，月，日，來，前，初，正，春秋夏冬，曆，上，下. Consider including traditional names for months in a list. ---> # [[/Skimming for Major Events in Historical Annals/]] <!--- Don't simply use Confucius's Chunqiu: We can use texts inspired by it. E.g. 三國史記 - 十五年京城旱。秋七月，蝗。very few new characters, lots one can use. Instantly able to use. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B701 Skimming annals is very possible and a very useful skill. Don't skip out on it. Teach students to skim read!!! ---> # [[/Dinner with the Daimyo/]] <!-- 侍宴·大友皇子 皇明光日月，帝徳載天地。 三才併秦昌，万国表臣義。 --> # [[/In Discourse with Jibong/]] <!-- 芝峰類說 倭國謂田爲畠。謂水田爲田。火田爲畑。猶我國以水田爲畓也。故官名有畠山殿。地名有畑島云。 --> # [[/Shinto FAQ with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%81%93%E5%95%8F%E5%B0%8D 眞道問對 本田親徳 really good way of operationalising 乎 and much of the early grammar. 問 天帝無始無終乎。 對 天帝無始無終也。 旣以無始無終之力 與無始無終之體 造無始無終之萬物。 其功亦無始無終也。 問 天地大原在道乎。 對 天地大原實在道。 鬼神依道而立。 人民依道而活。 萬物依道而息。 This is great! ---> <!--- Some cool stuff I saw someone studying from https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B3%E6%BD%AD%E8%A8%98# https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%88%9F%E8%A8%98 Could be used for period focus ---> ===Unit 2: An Overview of Sinitic Poetry=== This unit will teach you how Sinitic Poetry operates; - that is, the way individuals in the Sinosphere compose poetry in Literary Chinese. Despite this language's fall out of favour in the past century, this tradition is still remarkably alive and well, and their short length makes them more accessible than elaborate prose. In this unit, you will begin from the ''Classic of Poetry'' before travelling through poems from the Tang dynasty, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, the Ryukyu Kingdom, and Korea. When introducing poetry, I will furthermore use the language from the nation it is from to show how it is recited by its people. After discussing the Classic of Poetry, we will also be a small detour into a discussion on Ping-Ze 平仄, the Tang dynasty system of alternating tones, so to produce rhyme on tonal and phonological levels. This had a major impact on Literary Chinese poetry as a whole! By the end of this Unit, students will: * Recognise around 120 more characters. * Be able to explain how Sinitic Poetry rhymes and the themes it contains. * Be able to use function words such as 在, 無, 不, 聿, and 于/於 in poetic contexts. * Recognise the switch between 吾/我 in the subject-object positions and demonstrate it in usage. * (Chinese speakers) Be able to differentiate 于 and 於, and understand the "interest(ed) in" meaning of 好 in most circumstances. <!--- Summary of the above part about 于 and 於 for other editors: 于 and 於 were distinct words for an extremely long time and were still such to Literary Chinese writers. Their "merging" through Simplified-Traditional Chinese distinctions is a very modern thing. I will summarise their usages here, using Pulleyblank's Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar (2000); * 于 - This can mean "to go" or "to/at". 黃鳥于飛 "The yellow birds go flying". Must be post-verbal. It can also appear in 至于. * 於 - This is an all-purpose locative preposition - from "on/at/in" to "from" or even "than" (甲於乙). The implication of motion is not there at all. Must be pre-verbal. It can also appear in 之於 or be an archaic noun for a crow 於 (烏). ---> Lessons: # [[/Across the Rivers with Emperor Puliuru Guang/]] <!--- 春江花月夜·楊廣 夜露含花氣，春潭漾月暉。 漢水逢遊女，湘川值二妃。 This is really simple and can elucidate Ping-Ze easily. ---> # [[/To Study the Odes/]] <!-- 蟋蟀·姬旦 國風·唐風 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其莫。今我不樂，日月其除。無已大康，職思其居。好樂無荒，良士瞿瞿。 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其逝。今我不樂，日月其邁。無已大康，職思其外。好樂無荒，良士蹶蹶。 蟋蟀在堂，役車其休。今我不樂，日月其慆。無已大康，職思其憂。好樂無荒，良士休休。 --> <!-- 黃鳥 小雅·鴻鴈之什 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于穀，無啄我粟。 此邦之人，不我肯穀。言旋言歸，復我邦族。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于桑，無啄我粱。 此邦之人，不可與明。言旋言歸，復我諸兄。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于栩，無啄我黍。 此邦之人，不可與處。言旋言歸，復我諸父。 --> # [[/A Detour into Orthodox Ping-Ze/]] <!--- 平 and 仄 are useful characters themselves. Show 仄 in the binomes 反仄，歉仄，逼仄 as it's often difficult to immediately use ---> # [[/The Restraint of Du Fu/]] # [[/The Longing of Li Bai/]] # [[/The Environment with Bukha Timur/]] <!--- 西湖竹枝詞·布哈特穆爾 湖上春歸人未歸，桃紅柳緑黄鶯飛。 桃花落時多結子，楊花落處秪沾衣。 宫词·布哈特穆爾 玉樓珠箔晚天涼，秋色依稀滿建章。 金井梧桐霜葉盡，自隨流水出宮牆。 Mongol writer from the Uyghur Kingdom of Gaochang Spammed Ctrl+F in https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E9%81%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%9D%E8%A9%A9_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC) ---> # [[/Pillow Talk with Guan Yunshi/]] <!--- 紅繡鞋·貫雲石 挨著靠著雲窗同坐，偎著抱著月枕雙歌，聽著數著愁著怕著早四更過。四更過情未足，情未足夜如梭。天哪，更閏一更兒妨甚么！ Uyghur author! ---> # [[/Buddhist Philosophy with Ngô Chân Lưu and Taisei Shōan/]] <!-- 元火·吳真流 木中元有火，元火復還生。 若為木無火，鉆燧何有萌。--> <!-- 杜鵑·大成聖安 夢覚孤床静 杜鵑帯雨飛 一声来近枕 何者不沾衣 --> # [[/Odes with Mō Taiei and Zheng Chengxun/]] <!-- 詠松·毛泰永 植體宜千仞，垂陰動百尋。 李膺真烈烈，和嶠自森森。 桃李何堪較，雪霜安得侵。 萬年身不老，種子又成林。 AKA Inoha Seiki 伊野波 盛紀 --> <!-- 詠班蘭·鄭成勛 南國多芳草，班蘭最有名。 深根將綠茁，長葉亦叢生。 取味迎賓合，入厨任水烹。 可憐經一用，擲棄不留情。 鄭成勛《樵隱詩集》 https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/dsprojects/sg-jiutishi/poem/827 --> # [[/On a Journey with Sa Dula/]] <!--- 無題·薩都剌 為客三年海上洲，故鄉何處瘴雲稠。 數千里外蠻人域，十八灘頭過客舟。 時有山禽呼姓字，或從海鳥作朋儔。 故人珂珮周旋處，紫殿風清十二樓。 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%A1%8C_(%E8%96%A9%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C) A naturalised Mongol scholar who made a beautiful poem. This'll be a capstone. ---> <!--- 朝中措·襄陽古道灞陵橋 襄陽古道灞陵橋，詩興與秋高。 千古風流人物，一時多少雄豪。 霜清玉塞，雲飛隴首，風落江皋。 夢到鳳凰台上，山圍故國周遭。 北郊晚步 陂水荷凋晚，茅檐燕去涼。 遠林明落景，平麓淡秋光。 群牧歸村巷，孤禽立野航。 自諳閑散樂，園圃意尤長。 Jurchen poet and grandson of Emperor Shizong of Jin. He's a Zen Buddhist, so we'll go back to him later. ---> ===Unit 3: Confucianism and the World=== This is a Confucian-themed unit with a smattering of other items. You will see the odd geography of the past, early linguistic philosophy, and terrifying breakaway states! By the end of this unit, students should be able to: * Recognise around 200+ characters. * Read basic annals and histories with some dictionary assistance, and comprehend 3-character structures reliably. * Have encountered basic grammatical points such as 之、乎、者、也、而、則、乃、所、以、於、于、與、且、蓋、and 夫. ** 於 and 于 should be distinguishable. * Survive a text of at least 250 characters and read for gist. Lessons: # [[/A Brief Overview of Confucianism/]] # [[/The Mountains with Yelü Tuyu/]] <!--- 立木海上刻詩 耶律圖欲 / 耶律倍 / 李贊華 小山壓大山，大山全無力。 羞見故鄉人，從此投外國。 ---> # [[/Is a White Horse a Horse?/]]<!-- Teach negation with 非 in 公孙龍子 and compare with 不 --> # [[/The Three Character Classic/]] # [[/Expressing Filial Conduct with Confucius and Hara Saihin/]] <!-- 次韻杏坪先生 父執有君孤不孤 相依遍接搢紳徒 区区自抱地方寸 杏杏重遊天一隅 羇雁飛鳴迷汝國 家人思夢入江都 如教志業青年遂 世上寧無逐臭夫 --> # [[/Confucianism and the Environment with Sai On/]]<!-- 木假山記 --> # [[/In Debate with Mencius/]] ===Unit 4: Women's Writing=== In this unit, women's writing from various areas of China will be explored. This is chiefly targeted at poetry and the themes within; from the feminine voice of the Classic of Poetry to the remonstrance towards the Khitan Emperor Tianzuo of Jin by his Consort Dasese. The role of women in courtly society is to be elucidated here! # [[/An Unmarried Life with Heo Nansŏrhŏn/]] <!--- 貧女吟 豈是乏容色。工鍼復工織。 少小長寒門。良媒不相識。 夜久織未休。戛戛鳴寒機。 機中一匹練。終作阿誰衣。 手把金翦刀。夜寒十指直。 爲人作嫁衣。年年還獨宿。 ---> # [[/Responding to Lord Trần with Hồ Xuân Hương/]] <!--- Responding to 陳光靜 Trần Quang Tĩnh 《和陳侯》 愧無才調使人驚，十載風塵貫耳鈴。 已是臨枰知敵手，莫須敲月苦殫精。 為輪為彈隨遭遇，誰鳳誰鶯任賦生。 造物於人何苟惜，明珠休向暗中呈。 莫須 is an important structure to teach here. ---> # [[/Gaze into the Autumn Night with Taisei Shōan/]] <!--- 秋夜偶成·大成聖安 長天浮爽気，月色興無窮 群犬吠山径，百蟲啼野風 悲秋秋夜永，感古古今同 自是孤窓下，凄然万慮空 ---> # [[/Visiting a Temple with Yu Xuanji/]] <!--- 遊崇真觀南樓覩新及第題名處 雲峰滿目放春晴，歷歷銀鈎指下生。 自恨羅衣掩詩句，擧頭空羨榜中名。 ---> # [[/Remonstrance with Dasese/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AB%B7%E8%AB%AB%E6%AD%8C 諷諫歌·大瑟瑟 勿嗟塞上兮暗紅塵。 勿傷多難兮畏夷人。 不如塞奸邪之路兮選取賢臣。 直須臥薪嚐膽兮激壯士之捐身。 可以朝清漠北兮夕枕燕雲。 Dasese (or 萧瑟瑟) was a Khitan consort to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao. She remonstrated him as the Jurchens were beginning to encroach upon the Khitan, and was forced to commit suicide for her remonstrance. Tianzuo would soon pay for his malfeasance. ---> # [[/The Love Songs of the Odes/]] <!--- 褰裳 子惠思我，褰裳涉溱。子不我思，豈無他人？狂童之狂也且！ 子惠思我，褰裳涉洧。子不我思，豈無他士？狂童之狂也且！ 柏舟 彼柏舟，在彼中河，髧彼兩髦，實維我儀，之死矢靡它，母也天只，不諒人只。 汎彼柏舟，在彼河側，髧彼兩髦，實維我特，之死矢靡慝，母也天只，不諒人只。 行露 厭浥行露，豈不夙夜，謂行多露。 誰謂雀無角？何以穿我屋？誰謂女無家？何以速我獄？雖速我獄，室家不足。 誰謂鼠無牙？何以穿我墉？誰謂女無家？何以速我訟？雖速我訟，亦不女從。 ---> # [[/Rules for Women with Ban Zhao/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%AA%A1 ---> # [[/The Tragedy of Cai Wenji/]] <!--- 悲憤詩 〔兩漢〕蔡文姬 漢季失權柄，董卓亂天常。 志欲圖篡弒，先害諸賢良。 逼迫遷舊邦，擁主以自強。 海內興義師，欲共討不祥。 卓眾來東下，金甲耀日光。 平土人脆弱，來兵皆胡羌。 獵野圍城邑，所向悉破亡。 斬截無孑遺，屍骸相撐拒。 馬邊懸男頭，馬後載婦女。 長驅西入關，迥路險且阻。 還顧邈冥冥，肝脾為爛腐。 所略有萬計，不得令屯聚。 或有骨肉俱，欲言不敢語。 失意幾微間，輒言斃降虜。 要當以亭刃，我曹不活汝。 豈復惜性命，不堪其詈罵。 或便加棰杖，毒痛參並下。 旦則號泣行，夜則悲吟坐。 欲死不能得，欲生無一可。 彼蒼者何辜，乃遭此厄禍。 邊荒與華異，人俗少義理。 處所多霜雪，胡風春夏起。 翩翩吹我衣，肅肅入我耳。 感時念父母，哀嘆無窮已。 有客從外來，聞之常歡喜。 迎問其消息，輒復非鄉里。 邂逅徼時願，骨肉來迎己。 己得自解免，當復棄兒子。 天屬綴人心，念別無會期。 存亡永乖隔，不忍與之辭。 兒前抱我頸，問母欲何之。 人言母當去，豈復有還時。 阿母常仁惻，今何更不慈。 我尚未成人，奈何不顧思。 見此崩五內，恍惚生狂痴。 號泣手撫摩，當發復回疑。 兼有同時輩，相送告離別。 慕我獨得歸，哀叫聲摧裂。 馬為立踟躕，車為不轉轍。 觀者皆噓唏，行路亦嗚咽。 去去割情戀，遄征日遐邁。 悠悠三千里，何時復交會。 念我出腹子，匈臆為摧敗。 既至家人盡，又復無中外。 城廓為山林，庭宇生荊艾。 白骨不知誰，縱橫莫覆蓋。 出門無人聲，豺狼號且吠。 煢煢對孤景，怛吒糜肝肺。 登高遠眺望，魂神忽飛逝。 奄若壽命盡，旁人相寬大。 為復強視息，雖生何聊賴。 託命於新人，竭心自勖勵。 流離成鄙賤，常恐復捐廢。 人生幾何時，懷憂終年歲。 ---> ===Unit 5: Myths and Legends of East Asia=== <!--- Shanhaijing, Zibuyu... Etc. Zhiguai literature. This aims to provide a counterpoint to what Confucius wouldn't discuss - thus Zibuyu. Going straight into Daoism isn't ideal. ---> # [[/Exploring the World of Mountains and Seas/]]<!-- Structure: 出焉 --> # [[/Oh, the Qilin!/]] <!--- Even here, the odes can be studied! ---> # [[/Ultimate Justice with Xiezhi/]] # [[/The Virtue of the Fenghuang/]] # [[/The Entrapment of Hua Po/]] # [[/Nüwa Created the World/]] ===Unit 6: Nation Focus - Japan=== # [[/The Inariyama Sword/]] <!--- short and sweet! ---> # [[/Entering Japan with Takeda Shingen/]] <!--- 便面蘆間有漁·武田信玄 山色水光烟接天，漁翁江上棹蘆辺 丹青若写得勝景，万里風波一釣船 便面半月照梅花·武田信玄 蘆葦清風垂頂絲，窺魚白鷺水生涯 江南記得曾遊夕，似見梨花院落時 島森哲男. (2015). 武田信玄漢詩校釈. 宮城教育大学紀要, 49, 333–352. https://mue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/440 似 is a really useful thing to teach early on. ---> # [[/The Oldest Inscription in Japan/]] <!--- 宇治橋断碑 ---> # [[/Remembering Conflict with Nakajima Noburu/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/6faa4d3e57a24e542db0375894f0ead5503218bb ---> # [[/Shinto Teachings with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%9F 本田親徳 道之大原 ---> # [[/The Diary of Fujiwara no Teika/]] <!--- 明月記 ---> # [[/Reading the History of Japan with Prince Toneri/]] <!--- 日本書記, etc. ---> <!--- # [[/Occupying Taiwan/]] ---> <!--- I have some colonial literature on me that can be used here. ---> ===Unit 7: Nation Focus - Korea=== <!--- 三國史記 for sure! ---> <!--- 放蟬賦 by Yi Kyubo ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%A0%A4%E9%BD%8B%E9%81%BA%E7%A8%BF 頤齋遺稿 黃胤錫 Joseon scholar! ---> # [[/An Elegy to the Empress with Choe Ja/]] <!--- Choe Ja 元德大后輓詞·崔滋（최자） 乾極曾客配,坤儀正體元。 枕前朝聖主,帳底見曾孫。 陰慘俄沉月,屋悲便沒軒。 三韓千古淚,七十九年恩。 ---> # [[/Language Reform with Sejong the Great/]] <!--- 訓民正音 https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/1ef2b42cc50055affaa5ef39c61b87ed31c34a60 multiple poems and descriptive terms, possibly the best capstone ---> ===Unit 8: Christian Literature=== # [[/A Different Three Character Classic with Hong Xiuquan/]] # [[/Friar Juan Cobo's Veritable Record/]] <!--- One of few texts from the Philippines that I have ever found! https://bnedigital.bne.es/bd/en/viewer?id=0160187c-9d9b-4f34-84d6-bc03fd310c69 ---> # [[/The Delegate's Edition/]] # [[/Nestorian Steles during the Tang/]] <!--- 大秦景教宣元至本經經幢 and 景教碑 ---> # [[/Hong Xiuquan's Bible/]] <!--- https://bible.fhl.net/ob/nob.html?book=407 ---> <!--- I don't want to focus too much on Hong Xiuquan here, so look for more material, especially from missionaries. ---> ===Unit 9: An Introduction to Daoism=== <!--- And now back to your regularly scheduled Zhuangzi/Laozi/Liezi. But with more interesting stuff. Trust! ---> # [[/Laozi Explains the Dao/]] <!--- 道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無欲，以觀其妙；常有欲，以觀其徼。此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。I can expect learners to recognise the stuff here. ---> # [[/Qingtan with Xie Daoyun/]] <!--- 謝道韞; mentioned in the sanzijing. could be good! 《泰山吟·謝道韞》 峩峩東嶽高，秀極衝青天。 巖中間虛宇，寂寞幽以玄。 非工復非匠，雲構發自然。 器象爾何物，遂令我屢遷。 逝將宅斯宇，可以盡天年。 《拟嵇中散咏松诗·謝道韞》 遙望山上松，隆冬不能凋。 願想遊不憩，瞻彼萬仞條。 騰躍未能升，頓足俟王喬。 時哉不我與，大運所飄遙。 ---> # [[/The Doubting Neighbour/]] # [[/Kuafu Chases the Sun/]] # [[/The Frog in a Well/]] # [[/Wu wei with King Hui of Liang/]] # [[/The Old Man that Moves the Mountains/]] # [[/Master Zhuang Dreams of Butterflies/]] <!--- Currently very stereotypical, but there's stuff to work with at least. Need to include those weird Daoist characters among other things. ---> ===Unit 10: Nation Focus - Ryukyu Kingdom=== # [[/Historical Annals with Sai On/]] <!--- Kyuko is an easy cop ---> # [[/The Enthronement of Shō Tei/]] <!--- 康熙二十二年封王尚貞敕 皇帝敕諭琉球國中山王世子尚貞：惟爾遠處海隅，虔修職貢；屬在塚嗣，序應承祧。以朝命未膺，罔敢專擅；恪遵典制，奉表請封。朕念爾世守臣節，忠誠可嘉！特遣正使翰林院檢討汪楫、副使內閣中書舍人加一級林麟焻，齎敕封爾為琉球國中山王，並賜爾及妃文幣等物。爾祗承寵眷，懋紹先猷；輯和臣民，慎固封守：用安宗社於苞桑，永作天家之屏翰。欽哉，毋替朕命！故諭。 Teach imperial edicts. Consider seeing if there's a letter of acceptance from Shō Tei. Recorded in 琉球國志略 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=966326 ---> # [[/The Twilight of Ryukyu with Shō Ten/]] <!--- 神田酒樓街燈 尚典 酒樓今秋設芳筵， 一望街燈燦燦連。 烟氣引來通柱上， 光爭星月照神田。 ---> # [[/A Trip to Ryukyu with Luo Sen/]] <!--- Pre-Capstone ---> <!--- 遐邇貫珍 1854-11 - 日本日記 羅森 https://archive.org/details/HEKC185411/page/n5/mode/1up A solid description of Ryukyu cultural customs in Volume 11. Absolutely incredible. 日三日火船直向東北而駛出了臺灣之外幾日不見天涯是時北風大作波浪沖天火船亦甚飄蕩而不能立見有沙鷗隨風而逐浪心直駛七日漸見小山而到琉球琉球一國長闊一百七十五里其國城在地球圖緯線赤道之北二十六度十四分經線中華北京偏東十一度二十四分自明以來世封王爵叨列藩籬其處土產不過蔬菜番薯菜油黑糖等類人民束髻大補是穿草履男女粧飾頭上祇插一簪二簪為別故少年之男女瞥目則無異及其壯也皆留鬚髯故街上長鬚之人甚多甲寅正月初一予上岸遊玩見街上兒童甚多分以銅錢各極歡喜人民亦甚謙恭民居間亦貼新春聯于門外但不見有別等繁華之事那霸有寺寺內有園是名家世宦之墳所以石刊刻姓名年號于碑上每日道人打掃供奉生花樹葉于墓前另有人家祖墳與中國之明塚無異峰巒之上樹木多植民房則以蠻石圍墻內以茅草結屋而居佳物椅棹俱無惟以草蓆屈膝而坐對火盆而吹煙民間亦有識中國言語字墨者 不張舖店惟有墟塲男不貿易婦女為之以貨易貨而外方之金銀弗尚焉然而百姓亦甚畏官長飲食亦甚粗粕甘守樸儉不務奢華亦鮮欺詐板門紙窓夜間亦不防竊曾見途中撿物亦能以返原人公門之內冷冷落落並無案牘之煩淳樸之風畧有同于上古之世我等外國之欲買什物須言于官官為代辦正月初六提督被理衛廉士等一班將官布列威嚴與予乘轎至王宮總理大臣尚宏勳為主席布政大夫馬良才為知客享宴甚豐食物多與中國無異宴後各官皆饋有紙扇烟包布帛等項是物雖粗此亦世子之恭敬外國故亞國亦以禮物而返贈之世子王宮離岸三里在于山頂是名守禮將至其宮一路亦有樹木石牌坊宮室亦甚寬大幽雅垣局可觀其處多栽鳳尾草森樹等類以障陰山邊田土樹藝五穀近海沙田水漲之後人收其沙以煎鹽此時明月當圓予覽山川亦足見一方之風景 ---> <!--- 中山世鑑 and so on. Lots of poetry too. ---> ===Unit 11: Nation Focus - Singapore=== <!--- National Library of Singapore has a poetry series that's super good! ---> ===Unit 12: Literary Chinese in Medicine=== <!--- do not endorse the medical practices discussed in these...make sure to link back to the heavenly stems here as they are associated with specific body parts. ---> # [[/Deviant Qi with Zhang Congzheng/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%84%92%E9%96%80%E4%BA%8B%E8%A6%AA ---> # [[/Anatomy with Sugita Genpaku/]] <!--- 解体新書 ---> ===Unit 13: People Focus - Zhuang peoples=== <!--- https://mooc1.chaoxing.com/mooc-ans/ztnodedetailcontroller/visitnodedetail?courseId=84745403&knowledgeId=84745463&_from_=&_fromV2_=&rtag= 《峤西诗钞》 is also a really good shout. ---> <!--- Basically, there are Zhuang and Tangut peoples who wrote in Literary Chinese, and their inclusion here is to show that even those who made their own scripts would use this tongue. 张鸿翮 imported the character 朴 to describe a bug, for example. ---> # [[/Zhuang poetry with Zhang Honghe/]] <!--- https://wenyi.gmw.cn/2024-06/25/content_37398911.htm 一是忠实记录了汉诗创作与古壮字交融的文化现象。清代壮族诗人张鸿翮（hé）《大塘谣》（《峤西诗钞》卷二）云： 去了休。去到大塘红蓼洲。红蓼生花，不结子。绿朴生花，毬见毬。 诗中所说“绿朴”，是壮族对柚子的惯称。“柚子”，壮语发音为“bug”。根据《古壮字字典》，其对应的古壮字为“朴（㭪）”。诗人将古壮字运用到汉文诗歌创作中，刻下了明清壮汉文化交相辉映的注脚。 This sort of thing is why Zhuang and Tangut inclusion is important, as they show how flexible Literary Chinese can be. ---> <!--- Possible Jurchen/Khitan focus? 耶律楚材 - Served 窝阔台, 玄風慶會錄 is short and respectable enough to work with. ---> ===Unit 14: People Focus - Tangut peoples=== <!--- 羅福萇 and 羅振玉 wrote studies on Western Xia / Tangut script. Look for poets and stuff. ---> ===Unit 15: Literary Chinese in the Military=== <!--- Real Sun Zi hours! 7 Military Classics are an obvious shout, but look for more stuff too. ---> # [[/Going to war with Boyan/]] <!--- Boyan's Poem from the 元史 　　伯顏，蒙古巴林部人。至元十一年拜中書左丞相，總兵伐宋。官至開府儀同三司，薨贈太師，封淮安王，諡忠武。 　　《玉堂嘉話》：初，宋未下時，江南謠云：「江南若破，白雁來過。」當時莫喻其意。及宋亡，蓋知指丞相巴延也。 　　過梅嶺岡留題 馬首經從庾嶺回 【 庾嶺回　七修類稿（乾隆刊本）卷四十六作「嶺島歸」。】 ，王師到處悉平夷。擔頭不帶江南物，只插梅花一兩枝。 　　《七修類藳》：伯顏下江南，過金陵梅嶺岡詩云云。所以著名，亦有是善。 ---> # [[/An Edict from the Xianbei/]] <!--- 教義詔 楊廣 武有七德，先之以安民。政有六本，興之以教義。高麗高元，虧失藩禮，將欲問罪遼左，恢宣勝略。雖懷伐國，仍事省方。今往涿郡，巡撫民俗。其河北諸郡及山西、山東年九十已上者，版授太守；八十者，授縣令。 ---> # [[/The Suppression of the Kingdom of Dongning/]] <!--- 台灣鄭氏始末 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=139938 Largely a record of wars in Dongning rather than anything about the trade etc, so it fits here. ---> # [[/The Shunzhi Emperor vs Li Zicheng/]] <!--- 順治帝 告示 逆酋李自成已於通城斃命，各地鄉勇務隨我軍剿殺逆賊殘餘,凡有斬獲逆酋及擒獲逆酋交我軍者，一經驗證，按軍功論級給賞，必以示我朝皇恩浩蕩。 大清順治二年五月二十四日 恩詔 今月何日，為國曆改歲之履端,即為永昌書元之紀念？緬惟我朝民眾，三元肇慶，四始發祥。陳椒酒以飛觴，躋堂介壽；換桃符以獻歲，辟戶書新。翹望德容，河勝額手。今山河如舊，歲序更新;今天下同春，咸頒麗澤。願我朝君臣與萬民同樂，共沐化日光天，方不虛度韶華。 永昌二年新正初一 There's probably better choices here. Review. ---> ===Unit 16: Nation Focus - Vietnam=== <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/cfe6700e01f6fd59616a375d31aa8cd096677be1 this first ---> # [[/Ancestor Veneration with the Descendants of Zhu Xi/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/tree/main/corpus%2F%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%2Fclean somewhere in here ---> # [[/Spreading Revolutionary Consciousness with Phan Bội Châu and Liang Qichao/]] <!--- 越南亡國史 Possibly the most important text in Vietnamese history, not even gonna lie. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2 ---> # [[/Academia in Literary Chinese between East and West/]] <!--- 南風雜誌 is a massive shout here. Absolutely amazing series. ---> ===Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae=== <!--- 永樂大典 will teach how to infer from gaps in texts! 《編類》 is an incredibly interesting essay from here that can bring up the odes and Confucius's「思無邪」quote. It can prepare students for the wrath of Qing academia later. ---> # [[/The History of Liao, Jin, and Song with Toqto'a/]] <!--- 脱脱 ---> # [[/Two Years in the Forbidden City with Yu Deling/]] <!--- 清宮禁二年記 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%AE%AE%E7%A6%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%A8%98 ---> # [[/Excerpts from a Modern History of the Da Shun/]] <!--- Fair Use of a 2010 book written in Literary Chinese about the Da Shun dynasty. Limit to 500 characters, if that. Use to encourage recognition of Simplified variants and modern Wenyanwen. ---> # [[/Documenting the World with Terajima/]] <!--- 和漢三才図会 寺島良安, built off 三才圖會 ---> ===Unit 18: Buddhist Literature=== <!--- You would be forgiven for wondering why this is so late, but if you look at many classical Buddhist texts you'll quickly see a ton of loanwords that make it significantly more difficult to read than the average text. Thus, it goes here for now. Look at Japan's 五山文学 ---> # [[/Two Buddhist Temples in Shanghai/]] <!--- 留雲禪寺 雲留雲翔領畧幾許禪機此地有雲散天開真如界。 塔內塔外普示無邊圓覺是故曰塔影雙照解脫門。 歲次壬午冬月吉旦。 覺醒敬撰。 楊胡生沐手恭書。 善信印利明敬獻。 ---> <!--- 福慧宝鼎 慧明大和尚 赤烏古剎 建寺一千七百六十周年紀念 古剎三國建 滬瀆有重玄 石佛音淨現 聖跡顯重元 唐時稱永泰 宋敕名靜安 聖祖留佛闡 仲師移伽藍 元收八景偈 明鑄鐘聲梵 清樹化羅漢 選賢十方讚 佛日普光明 福慧共修善 鼎運昌隆際 轉正法輪緣 歲次丁亥住持慧明監製 Useful phrases from there: 南無本師釋迦牟尼佛 - Pay homage to the root teacher 廣種福田 - widely plant a meritorious field ---> # [[/Dipping your feet in with Wenyan Shu/]] <!--- 華亭 世尊遺法本忘言，教外別傳意已圓。 只履攜將蔥嶺去，不妨來上月明船。 ---> # [[/Foreseeing Monkhood with Yi Xing/]] <!--- 看命一掌金 ---> # [[/A Trip to Western Xia with Zhi Guang and Hui Zhen/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%91%AA%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%92%92%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> # [[/Jizang's Three Discourses/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%AB%96%E7%8E%84%E7%BE%A9 ---> ===Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples=== # [[/Qing dynasty Poetry with Nara Singde/]] <!--- 飲水詞 納蘭性德 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%B7 ---> # [[/Amassing Words with the Kangxi Emperor/]] <!--- Kangxi Dictionary Abstract - https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8 ---> # [[/Amassing Literature with the Qianlong Emperor/]] <!--- Siku Quanshu abstract https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE%E6%8F%90%E8%A6%81 ---> <!--- Yongzheng Emperor's Poetry https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D 《和碩怡賢親王祭文》 Also include 滿洲國 stuff to show the fall of the Qing and attempts to preserve it through becoming a Japanese puppet state. It is important to show how Literary Chinese can be misused as well. 滿洲國建國宣言 is a good shout, as is 法制 to prepare students who may be interested in Taiwan legal stuff later down the road. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E6%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B ---> ===Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature=== <!--- many writers here, will be difficult to sift through. Include 四库全書 abstracts and stuff here. ---> # [[/Jewish Refugees in Shanghai/]] <!--- Show passports, certificates, etc, from the Jewish Refugee Museum, anonymised. ---> # [[/A Literary Chinese Abstract/]] <!--- Abstracts from siku quanshu, probably want others ---> # [[/Lament with Lu Ruoteng/]] <!--- 《疑猜》盧若騰，東寧國 盟誓變為交質子，春秋戰國風如此；末世上下相疑猜, 更質妻子防逃徙。 此法只可羈庸奴，若遇梟雄術窮矣；妻可再娶子再育, 安能長坐針氈裏。 我贈一法君記存；推心置腹人知恩；眾人畜之眾人報, 幾個國士在君門。 盧若騰撰，陳漢光編輯，《島噫詩》，臺灣文獻叢刊第二四五種（臺北:臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1968年）21頁。 ---> # [[/Common Linguistics Knowledge in the RoC/]] <!--- 音韻常識 ---> ==References used for this page== * Yang, B. (2016). 文言语法 [Literary Chinese Grammar] (1st ed). 中华书局 [Zhonghua Book Company]. ISBN: 978-7-101-11619-9 * Priestley, K. E., & Shou-jung, C. (1962). China’s Men of Letters, Yesterday and Today. Dragonfly Books. {{BookCat}} 4x6ob0uqsrok6u9ffl5hcuupe6o2jq6 4634431 4634430 2026-05-06T13:44:17Z Shira the Mogul 3560559 4634431 wikitext text/x-wiki __notoc__ Welcome to the Wikibook for Literary Chinese (Known as 漢文 "Han Language" in East Asia or 文言 "Literary Language" in China), aimed at individuals hoping to gain a general knowledge of it before progressing into genres they wish to be acquainted with. This is not the [[Classical Chinese]] textbook, which is aimed at Chinese Zhou-Qin era texts. This text aims to shed light on post-Zhou-Qin texts across East Asia, which mimic those texts. It does so through a "buffet" approach, showering you, the reader, with an ocean of texts of myriad genre. ==Table of Contents== === Front matter === * [[/Introduction/]] * [[/Appendices/]] === Useful resources === These are quick grab-bags that can be useful for vocabulary-building. * [[/Antonym List/]] <!--- 文/武，大/小，厚/薄，橫/縱...---> * [[/Collocation Groups/]] <!--- e.g. 四象，三靈…… ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等 Yan Fu's Qing-era translations for modern terms] <!--- Wikiversity has this (https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等) and the below, I will effectively be translating a lot of it! ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/上古語考輯 Communicative Terms] <!--- this will be translated eventually, but right now it's bad to just leave this here. ---> === Useful primers === Across history, many primers have been made for teaching Literary Chinese to children. These are a few that are recommended for use alongside this work, ideally in flashcards. * [https://www.fdgwz.org.cn/Web/Show/11308 倉頡篇] - Cangjie's Chapters, the earliest one. It is extant, but incomplete. It contains several rare characters, and so if used, I would personally recommend doing so later, or out of interest. * 三字經 - The Three Character Classic, an excellent piece for Confucian education. Pair with 弟子规 for best results. ** 三字經（太平天國版）- For Christians, there is a version made by Hong Xiuquan from the Taiping Rebellion. Despite the context, it is a legitimately useful primer and can be used to self-teach for the Delegate's Edition of the Christian Bible. * 千字文 - The Thousand Character Classic, a remarkable piece of constrained writing that only uses each character once. Amazing for building vocabulary whilst seeing historical allusions and the like. * 五字鑑 - The Five-Character Mirror, essentially the 24 Histories of China compressed into a primer. Uses 5-character couplets, the longest in this list. * 龍文鞭影 - The Shadow of Longwen's Whip, a historical allusion trainer. Best paired with a context piece. ===Unit 0: The Han script=== This unit is intended for those with no familiarity of the Han script. It will prepare you for the units ahead, teaching largely pictographic characters. By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around 30 characters. * Understand how characters are composed and how this gives them meaning. * Have a basic idea of how to handwrite and/or type characters. * Know some bare basics of Literary Chinese grammar (e.g. Basic word order, where adjectives go, lack of "is", 有...) Lessons: # [[/An Introduction to the Han Script/]] # [[/People, Big and Small/]] # [[/What are Chinese characters, anyway?/]] <!--- deploy several single-radical texts---> # [[/How do we write Chinese?/]] # [[/Tilling the Fields with 有/]] # [[/The Sun and the Moon/]] # [[/Weapons and Metals/]] # [[/Recognizing Phonetics/]] <!--- time to deploy my one-syllable articles! ---> # [[/Cangjie Created Characters/]] ===Unit 1: Basic Skills=== This unit is intended for those with minimal familiarity with the Han script and no familiarity with Literary Chinese. There is a focus on simple structures, skills for dissecting common textual structures, and short-form poetry in this unit. Before starting this unit, students should: * Recognise around ~30 characters. * Can use Cangjie input. * Have given Unit 0 a cursory glance. <br> By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around ~100 characters. * Comprehend numbers, the Heavenly Stems, and the Earthly Branches, and be able to use them to quantify time and date. * Intuit the basic topic -> comment idea behind Literary Chinese. "This, it is..." * Understand basic function words such as 也, 而, 有, and 謂. Lessons: # [[/The All-Purpose 也/]] # [[/An Introduction to Chinese Numbers/]] <!--- It is hard to find authentic materials for this ---> # [[/One, Two, Left, and Right with Gongsun Long/]] <!--- 曰：「二有一乎？」 曰：「二無一。」 曰：「二有右乎？」 曰：「二無右。」 曰：「二有左乎？」 曰：「二無左。」 曰：「右可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左與右可謂二乎？」 曰：「可。」 ---> # [[/The Heavenly Stems/]] <!--- Introduce ordinals, which will be used to demonstrate sentence patterns later. ---> # [[/Tell the Time with Earthly Branches/]] <!--- Introduce verbs and timekeeping ---> # [[/Lunar Dates with the Spring and Autumn Annals/]] <!--- Vocabulary: 歲，年，朔，月，日，來，前，初，正，春秋夏冬，曆，上，下. Consider including traditional names for months in a list. ---> # [[/Skimming for Major Events in Historical Annals/]] <!--- Don't simply use Confucius's Chunqiu: We can use texts inspired by it. E.g. 三國史記 - 十五年京城旱。秋七月，蝗。very few new characters, lots one can use. Instantly able to use. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B701 Skimming annals is very possible and a very useful skill. Don't skip out on it. Teach students to skim read!!! ---> # [[/Dinner with the Daimyo/]] <!-- 侍宴·大友皇子 皇明光日月，帝徳載天地。 三才併秦昌，万国表臣義。 --> # [[/In Discourse with Jibong/]] <!-- 芝峰類說 倭國謂田爲畠。謂水田爲田。火田爲畑。猶我國以水田爲畓也。故官名有畠山殿。地名有畑島云。 --> # [[/Shinto FAQ with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%81%93%E5%95%8F%E5%B0%8D 眞道問對 本田親徳 really good way of operationalising 乎 and much of the early grammar. 問 天帝無始無終乎。 對 天帝無始無終也。 旣以無始無終之力 與無始無終之體 造無始無終之萬物。 其功亦無始無終也。 問 天地大原在道乎。 對 天地大原實在道。 鬼神依道而立。 人民依道而活。 萬物依道而息。 This is great! ---> <!--- Some cool stuff I saw someone studying from https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B3%E6%BD%AD%E8%A8%98# https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%88%9F%E8%A8%98 Could be used for period focus ---> ===Unit 2: An Overview of Sinitic Poetry=== This unit will teach you how Sinitic Poetry operates; - that is, the way individuals in the Sinosphere compose poetry in Literary Chinese. Despite this language's fall out of favour in the past century, this tradition is still remarkably alive and well, and their short length makes them more accessible than elaborate prose. In this unit, you will begin from the ''Classic of Poetry'' before travelling through poems from the Tang dynasty, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, the Ryukyu Kingdom, and Korea. When introducing poetry, I will furthermore use the language from the nation it is from to show how it is recited by its people. After discussing the Classic of Poetry, we will also be a small detour into a discussion on Ping-Ze 平仄, the Tang dynasty system of alternating tones, so to produce rhyme on tonal and phonological levels. This had a major impact on Literary Chinese poetry as a whole! By the end of this Unit, students will: * Recognise around 120 more characters. * Be able to explain how Sinitic Poetry rhymes and the themes it contains. * Be able to use function words such as 在, 無, 不, 聿, and 于/於 in poetic contexts. * Recognise the switch between 吾/我 in the subject-object positions and demonstrate it in usage. * (Chinese speakers) Be able to differentiate 于 and 於, and understand the "interest(ed) in" meaning of 好 in most circumstances. <!--- Summary of the above part about 于 and 於 for other editors: 于 and 於 were distinct words for an extremely long time and were still such to Literary Chinese writers. Their "merging" through Simplified-Traditional Chinese distinctions is a very modern thing. I will summarise their usages here, using Pulleyblank's Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar (2000); * 于 - This can mean "to go" or "to/at". 黃鳥于飛 "The yellow birds go flying". Must be post-verbal. It can also appear in 至于. * 於 - This is an all-purpose locative preposition - from "on/at/in" to "from" or even "than" (甲於乙). The implication of motion is not there at all. Must be pre-verbal. It can also appear in 之於 or be an archaic noun for a crow 於 (烏). ---> Lessons: # [[/Across the Rivers with Emperor Puliuru Guang/]] <!--- 春江花月夜·楊廣 夜露含花氣，春潭漾月暉。 漢水逢遊女，湘川值二妃。 This is really simple and can elucidate Ping-Ze easily. ---> # [[/To Study the Odes/]] <!-- 蟋蟀·姬旦 國風·唐風 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其莫。今我不樂，日月其除。無已大康，職思其居。好樂無荒，良士瞿瞿。 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其逝。今我不樂，日月其邁。無已大康，職思其外。好樂無荒，良士蹶蹶。 蟋蟀在堂，役車其休。今我不樂，日月其慆。無已大康，職思其憂。好樂無荒，良士休休。 --> <!-- 黃鳥 小雅·鴻鴈之什 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于穀，無啄我粟。 此邦之人，不我肯穀。言旋言歸，復我邦族。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于桑，無啄我粱。 此邦之人，不可與明。言旋言歸，復我諸兄。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于栩，無啄我黍。 此邦之人，不可與處。言旋言歸，復我諸父。 --> # [[/A Detour into Orthodox Ping-Ze/]] <!--- 平 and 仄 are useful characters themselves. Show 仄 in the binomes 反仄，歉仄，逼仄 as it's often difficult to immediately use ---> # [[/The Restraint of Du Fu/]] # [[/The Longing of Li Bai/]] # [[/The Environment with Bukha Timur/]] <!--- 西湖竹枝詞·布哈特穆爾 湖上春歸人未歸，桃紅柳緑黄鶯飛。 桃花落時多結子，楊花落處秪沾衣。 宫词·布哈特穆爾 玉樓珠箔晚天涼，秋色依稀滿建章。 金井梧桐霜葉盡，自隨流水出宮牆。 Mongol writer from the Uyghur Kingdom of Gaochang Spammed Ctrl+F in https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E9%81%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%9D%E8%A9%A9_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC) ---> # [[/Pillow Talk with Guan Yunshi/]] <!--- 紅繡鞋·貫雲石 挨著靠著雲窗同坐，偎著抱著月枕雙歌，聽著數著愁著怕著早四更過。四更過情未足，情未足夜如梭。天哪，更閏一更兒妨甚么！ Uyghur author! ---> # [[/Buddhist Philosophy with Ngô Chân Lưu and Taisei Shōan/]] <!-- 元火·吳真流 木中元有火，元火復還生。 若為木無火，鉆燧何有萌。--> <!-- 杜鵑·大成聖安 夢覚孤床静 杜鵑帯雨飛 一声来近枕 何者不沾衣 --> # [[/Odes with Mō Taiei and Zheng Chengxun/]] <!-- 詠松·毛泰永 植體宜千仞，垂陰動百尋。 李膺真烈烈，和嶠自森森。 桃李何堪較，雪霜安得侵。 萬年身不老，種子又成林。 AKA Inoha Seiki 伊野波 盛紀 --> <!-- 詠班蘭·鄭成勛 南國多芳草，班蘭最有名。 深根將綠茁，長葉亦叢生。 取味迎賓合，入厨任水烹。 可憐經一用，擲棄不留情。 鄭成勛《樵隱詩集》 https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/dsprojects/sg-jiutishi/poem/827 --> # [[/On a Journey with Sa Dula/]] <!--- 無題·薩都剌 為客三年海上洲，故鄉何處瘴雲稠。 數千里外蠻人域，十八灘頭過客舟。 時有山禽呼姓字，或從海鳥作朋儔。 故人珂珮周旋處，紫殿風清十二樓。 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%A1%8C_(%E8%96%A9%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C) A naturalised Mongol scholar who made a beautiful poem. This'll be a capstone. ---> <!--- 朝中措·襄陽古道灞陵橋 襄陽古道灞陵橋，詩興與秋高。 千古風流人物，一時多少雄豪。 霜清玉塞，雲飛隴首，風落江皋。 夢到鳳凰台上，山圍故國周遭。 北郊晚步 陂水荷凋晚，茅檐燕去涼。 遠林明落景，平麓淡秋光。 群牧歸村巷，孤禽立野航。 自諳閑散樂，園圃意尤長。 Jurchen poet and grandson of Emperor Shizong of Jin. He's a Zen Buddhist, so we'll go back to him later. ---> ===Unit 3: Confucianism and the World=== This is a Confucian-themed unit with a smattering of other items. You will see the odd geography of the past, early linguistic philosophy, and terrifying breakaway states! By the end of this unit, students should be able to: * Recognise around 200+ characters. * Read basic annals and histories with some dictionary assistance, and comprehend 3-character structures reliably. * Have encountered basic grammatical points such as 之、乎、者、也、而、則、乃、所、以、於、于、與、且、蓋、and 夫. ** 於 and 于 should be distinguishable. * Survive a text of at least 250 characters and read for gist. Lessons: # [[/A Brief Overview of Confucianism/]] # [[/The Mountains with Yelü Tuyu/]] <!--- 立木海上刻詩 耶律圖欲 / 耶律倍 / 李贊華 小山壓大山，大山全無力。 羞見故鄉人，從此投外國。 ---> # [[/Is a White Horse a Horse?/]]<!-- Teach negation with 非 in 公孙龍子 and compare with 不 --> # [[/The Three Character Classic/]] # [[/Expressing Filial Conduct with Confucius and Hara Saihin/]] <!-- 次韻杏坪先生 父執有君孤不孤 相依遍接搢紳徒 区区自抱地方寸 杏杏重遊天一隅 羇雁飛鳴迷汝國 家人思夢入江都 如教志業青年遂 世上寧無逐臭夫 --> # [[/Confucianism and the Environment with Sai On/]]<!-- 木假山記 --> # [[/In Debate with Mencius/]] ===Unit 4: Women's Writing=== In this unit, women's writing from various areas of China will be explored. This is chiefly targeted at poetry and the themes within; from the feminine voice of the Classic of Poetry to the remonstrance towards the Khitan Emperor Tianzuo of Jin by his Consort Dasese. The role of women in courtly society is to be elucidated here! # [[/An Unmarried Life with Heo Nansŏrhŏn/]] <!--- 貧女吟 豈是乏容色。工鍼復工織。 少小長寒門。良媒不相識。 夜久織未休。戛戛鳴寒機。 機中一匹練。終作阿誰衣。 手把金翦刀。夜寒十指直。 爲人作嫁衣。年年還獨宿。 ---> # [[/Responding to Lord Trần with Hồ Xuân Hương/]] <!--- Responding to 陳光靜 Trần Quang Tĩnh 《和陳侯》 愧無才調使人驚，十載風塵貫耳鈴。 已是臨枰知敵手，莫須敲月苦殫精。 為輪為彈隨遭遇，誰鳳誰鶯任賦生。 造物於人何苟惜，明珠休向暗中呈。 莫須 is an important structure to teach here. ---> # [[/Gaze into the Autumn Night with Taisei Shōan/]] <!--- 秋夜偶成·大成聖安 長天浮爽気，月色興無窮 群犬吠山径，百蟲啼野風 悲秋秋夜永，感古古今同 自是孤窓下，凄然万慮空 ---> # [[/Visiting a Temple with Yu Xuanji/]] <!--- 遊崇真觀南樓覩新及第題名處 雲峰滿目放春晴，歷歷銀鈎指下生。 自恨羅衣掩詩句，擧頭空羨榜中名。 ---> # [[/Remonstrance with Dasese/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AB%B7%E8%AB%AB%E6%AD%8C 諷諫歌·大瑟瑟 勿嗟塞上兮暗紅塵。 勿傷多難兮畏夷人。 不如塞奸邪之路兮選取賢臣。 直須臥薪嚐膽兮激壯士之捐身。 可以朝清漠北兮夕枕燕雲。 Dasese (or 萧瑟瑟) was a Khitan consort to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao. She remonstrated him as the Jurchens were beginning to encroach upon the Khitan, and was forced to commit suicide for her remonstrance. Tianzuo would soon pay for his malfeasance. ---> # [[/The Love Songs of the Odes/]] <!--- 褰裳 子惠思我，褰裳涉溱。子不我思，豈無他人？狂童之狂也且！ 子惠思我，褰裳涉洧。子不我思，豈無他士？狂童之狂也且！ 柏舟 彼柏舟，在彼中河，髧彼兩髦，實維我儀，之死矢靡它，母也天只，不諒人只。 汎彼柏舟，在彼河側，髧彼兩髦，實維我特，之死矢靡慝，母也天只，不諒人只。 行露 厭浥行露，豈不夙夜，謂行多露。 誰謂雀無角？何以穿我屋？誰謂女無家？何以速我獄？雖速我獄，室家不足。 誰謂鼠無牙？何以穿我墉？誰謂女無家？何以速我訟？雖速我訟，亦不女從。 ---> # [[/Rules for Women with Ban Zhao/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%AA%A1 ---> # [[/The Tragedy of Cai Wenji/]] <!--- 悲憤詩 〔兩漢〕蔡文姬 漢季失權柄，董卓亂天常。 志欲圖篡弒，先害諸賢良。 逼迫遷舊邦，擁主以自強。 海內興義師，欲共討不祥。 卓眾來東下，金甲耀日光。 平土人脆弱，來兵皆胡羌。 獵野圍城邑，所向悉破亡。 斬截無孑遺，屍骸相撐拒。 馬邊懸男頭，馬後載婦女。 長驅西入關，迥路險且阻。 還顧邈冥冥，肝脾為爛腐。 所略有萬計，不得令屯聚。 或有骨肉俱，欲言不敢語。 失意幾微間，輒言斃降虜。 要當以亭刃，我曹不活汝。 豈復惜性命，不堪其詈罵。 或便加棰杖，毒痛參並下。 旦則號泣行，夜則悲吟坐。 欲死不能得，欲生無一可。 彼蒼者何辜，乃遭此厄禍。 邊荒與華異，人俗少義理。 處所多霜雪，胡風春夏起。 翩翩吹我衣，肅肅入我耳。 感時念父母，哀嘆無窮已。 有客從外來，聞之常歡喜。 迎問其消息，輒復非鄉里。 邂逅徼時願，骨肉來迎己。 己得自解免，當復棄兒子。 天屬綴人心，念別無會期。 存亡永乖隔，不忍與之辭。 兒前抱我頸，問母欲何之。 人言母當去，豈復有還時。 阿母常仁惻，今何更不慈。 我尚未成人，奈何不顧思。 見此崩五內，恍惚生狂痴。 號泣手撫摩，當發復回疑。 兼有同時輩，相送告離別。 慕我獨得歸，哀叫聲摧裂。 馬為立踟躕，車為不轉轍。 觀者皆噓唏，行路亦嗚咽。 去去割情戀，遄征日遐邁。 悠悠三千里，何時復交會。 念我出腹子，匈臆為摧敗。 既至家人盡，又復無中外。 城廓為山林，庭宇生荊艾。 白骨不知誰，縱橫莫覆蓋。 出門無人聲，豺狼號且吠。 煢煢對孤景，怛吒糜肝肺。 登高遠眺望，魂神忽飛逝。 奄若壽命盡，旁人相寬大。 為復強視息，雖生何聊賴。 託命於新人，竭心自勖勵。 流離成鄙賤，常恐復捐廢。 人生幾何時，懷憂終年歲。 ---> ===Unit 5: Myths and Legends of East Asia=== <!--- Shanhaijing, Zibuyu... Etc. Zhiguai literature. This aims to provide a counterpoint to what Confucius wouldn't discuss - thus Zibuyu. Going straight into Daoism isn't ideal. ---> # [[/Exploring the World of Mountains and Seas/]]<!-- Structure: 出焉 --> # [[/Oh, the Qilin!/]] <!--- Even here, the odes can be studied! ---> # [[/Ultimate Justice with Xiezhi/]] # [[/The Virtue of the Fenghuang/]] # [[/The Entrapment of Hua Po/]] # [[/Nüwa Created the World/]] ===Unit 6: Nation Focus - Japan=== # [[/The Inariyama Sword/]] <!--- short and sweet! ---> # [[/Entering Japan with Takeda Shingen/]] <!--- 便面蘆間有漁·武田信玄 山色水光烟接天，漁翁江上棹蘆辺 丹青若写得勝景，万里風波一釣船 便面半月照梅花·武田信玄 蘆葦清風垂頂絲，窺魚白鷺水生涯 江南記得曾遊夕，似見梨花院落時 島森哲男. (2015). 武田信玄漢詩校釈. 宮城教育大学紀要, 49, 333–352. https://mue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/440 似 is a really useful thing to teach early on. ---> # [[/The Oldest Inscription in Japan/]] <!--- 宇治橋断碑 ---> # [[/Remembering Conflict with Nakajima Noburu/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/6faa4d3e57a24e542db0375894f0ead5503218bb ---> # [[/Shinto Teachings with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%9F 本田親徳 道之大原 ---> # [[/The Diary of Fujiwara no Teika/]] <!--- 明月記 ---> # [[/Reading the History of Japan with Prince Toneri/]] <!--- 日本書記, etc. ---> <!--- # [[/Occupying Taiwan/]] ---> <!--- I have some colonial literature on me that can be used here. ---> ===Unit 7: Nation Focus - Korea=== <!--- 三國史記 for sure! ---> <!--- 放蟬賦 by Yi Kyubo ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%A0%A4%E9%BD%8B%E9%81%BA%E7%A8%BF 頤齋遺稿 黃胤錫 Joseon scholar! ---> # [[/An Elegy to the Empress with Choe Ja/]] <!--- Choe Ja 元德大后輓詞·崔滋（최자） 乾極曾客配,坤儀正體元。 枕前朝聖主,帳底見曾孫。 陰慘俄沉月,屋悲便沒軒。 三韓千古淚,七十九年恩。 ---> # [[/Language Reform with Sejong the Great/]] <!--- 訓民正音 https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/1ef2b42cc50055affaa5ef39c61b87ed31c34a60 multiple poems and descriptive terms, possibly the best capstone ---> ===Unit 8: Christian Literature=== # [[/A Different Three Character Classic with Hong Xiuquan/]] # [[/Friar Juan Cobo's Veritable Record/]] <!--- One of few texts from the Philippines that I have ever found! https://bnedigital.bne.es/bd/en/viewer?id=0160187c-9d9b-4f34-84d6-bc03fd310c69 ---> # [[/The Delegate's Edition/]] # [[/Nestorian Steles during the Tang/]] <!--- 大秦景教宣元至本經經幢 and 景教碑 ---> # [[/Hong Xiuquan's Bible/]] <!--- https://bible.fhl.net/ob/nob.html?book=407 ---> <!--- I don't want to focus too much on Hong Xiuquan here, so look for more material, especially from missionaries. ---> ===Unit 9: An Introduction to Daoism=== <!--- And now back to your regularly scheduled Zhuangzi/Laozi/Liezi. But with more interesting stuff. Trust! ---> # [[/Laozi Explains the Dao/]] <!--- 道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無欲，以觀其妙；常有欲，以觀其徼。此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。I can expect learners to recognise the stuff here. ---> # [[/Qingtan with Xie Daoyun/]] <!--- 謝道韞; mentioned in the sanzijing. could be good! 《泰山吟·謝道韞》 峩峩東嶽高，秀極衝青天。 巖中間虛宇，寂寞幽以玄。 非工復非匠，雲構發自然。 器象爾何物，遂令我屢遷。 逝將宅斯宇，可以盡天年。 《拟嵇中散咏松诗·謝道韞》 遙望山上松，隆冬不能凋。 願想遊不憩，瞻彼萬仞條。 騰躍未能升，頓足俟王喬。 時哉不我與，大運所飄遙。 ---> # [[/The Doubting Neighbour/]] # [[/Kuafu Chases the Sun/]] # [[/The Frog in a Well/]] # [[/Wu wei with King Hui of Liang/]] # [[/The Old Man that Moves the Mountains/]] # [[/Master Zhuang Dreams of Butterflies/]] <!--- Currently very stereotypical, but there's stuff to work with at least. Need to include those weird Daoist characters among other things. ---> ===Unit 10: Nation Focus - Ryukyu Kingdom=== # [[/Historical Annals with Sai On/]] <!--- Kyuko is an easy cop ---> # [[/The Enthronement of Shō Tei/]] <!--- 康熙二十二年封王尚貞敕 皇帝敕諭琉球國中山王世子尚貞：惟爾遠處海隅，虔修職貢；屬在塚嗣，序應承祧。以朝命未膺，罔敢專擅；恪遵典制，奉表請封。朕念爾世守臣節，忠誠可嘉！特遣正使翰林院檢討汪楫、副使內閣中書舍人加一級林麟焻，齎敕封爾為琉球國中山王，並賜爾及妃文幣等物。爾祗承寵眷，懋紹先猷；輯和臣民，慎固封守：用安宗社於苞桑，永作天家之屏翰。欽哉，毋替朕命！故諭。 Teach imperial edicts. Consider seeing if there's a letter of acceptance from Shō Tei. Recorded in 琉球國志略 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=966326 ---> # [[/The Twilight of Ryukyu with Shō Ten/]] <!--- 神田酒樓街燈 尚典 酒樓今秋設芳筵， 一望街燈燦燦連。 烟氣引來通柱上， 光爭星月照神田。 ---> # [[/A Trip to Ryukyu with Luo Sen/]] <!--- Pre-Capstone ---> <!--- 遐邇貫珍 1854-11 - 日本日記 羅森 https://archive.org/details/HEKC185411/page/n5/mode/1up A solid description of Ryukyu cultural customs in Volume 11. Absolutely incredible. 日三日火船直向東北而駛出了臺灣之外幾日不見天涯是時北風大作波浪沖天火船亦甚飄蕩而不能立見有沙鷗隨風而逐浪心直駛七日漸見小山而到琉球琉球一國長闊一百七十五里其國城在地球圖緯線赤道之北二十六度十四分經線中華北京偏東十一度二十四分自明以來世封王爵叨列藩籬其處土產不過蔬菜番薯菜油黑糖等類人民束髻大補是穿草履男女粧飾頭上祇插一簪二簪為別故少年之男女瞥目則無異及其壯也皆留鬚髯故街上長鬚之人甚多甲寅正月初一予上岸遊玩見街上兒童甚多分以銅錢各極歡喜人民亦甚謙恭民居間亦貼新春聯于門外但不見有別等繁華之事那霸有寺寺內有園是名家世宦之墳所以石刊刻姓名年號于碑上每日道人打掃供奉生花樹葉于墓前另有人家祖墳與中國之明塚無異峰巒之上樹木多植民房則以蠻石圍墻內以茅草結屋而居佳物椅棹俱無惟以草蓆屈膝而坐對火盆而吹煙民間亦有識中國言語字墨者 不張舖店惟有墟塲男不貿易婦女為之以貨易貨而外方之金銀弗尚焉然而百姓亦甚畏官長飲食亦甚粗粕甘守樸儉不務奢華亦鮮欺詐板門紙窓夜間亦不防竊曾見途中撿物亦能以返原人公門之內冷冷落落並無案牘之煩淳樸之風畧有同于上古之世我等外國之欲買什物須言于官官為代辦正月初六提督被理衛廉士等一班將官布列威嚴與予乘轎至王宮總理大臣尚宏勳為主席布政大夫馬良才為知客享宴甚豐食物多與中國無異宴後各官皆饋有紙扇烟包布帛等項是物雖粗此亦世子之恭敬外國故亞國亦以禮物而返贈之世子王宮離岸三里在于山頂是名守禮將至其宮一路亦有樹木石牌坊宮室亦甚寬大幽雅垣局可觀其處多栽鳳尾草森樹等類以障陰山邊田土樹藝五穀近海沙田水漲之後人收其沙以煎鹽此時明月當圓予覽山川亦足見一方之風景 ---> <!--- 中山世鑑 and so on. Lots of poetry too. ---> ===Unit 11: Nation Focus - Singapore=== <!--- National Library of Singapore has a poetry series that's super good! ---> ===Unit 12: Literary Chinese in Medicine=== <!--- do not endorse the medical practices discussed in these...make sure to link back to the heavenly stems here as they are associated with specific body parts. ---> # [[/Deviant Qi with Zhang Congzheng/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%84%92%E9%96%80%E4%BA%8B%E8%A6%AA ---> # [[/Anatomy with Sugita Genpaku/]] <!--- 解体新書 ---> ===Unit 13: People Focus - Zhuang peoples=== <!--- https://mooc1.chaoxing.com/mooc-ans/ztnodedetailcontroller/visitnodedetail?courseId=84745403&knowledgeId=84745463&_from_=&_fromV2_=&rtag= 《峤西诗钞》 is also a really good shout. ---> <!--- Basically, there are Zhuang and Tangut peoples who wrote in Literary Chinese, and their inclusion here is to show that even those who made their own scripts would use this tongue. 张鸿翮 imported the character 朴 to describe a bug, for example. ---> # [[/Zhuang poetry with Zhang Honghe/]] <!--- https://wenyi.gmw.cn/2024-06/25/content_37398911.htm 一是忠实记录了汉诗创作与古壮字交融的文化现象。清代壮族诗人张鸿翮（hé）《大塘谣》（《峤西诗钞》卷二）云： 去了休。去到大塘红蓼洲。红蓼生花，不结子。绿朴生花，毬见毬。 诗中所说“绿朴”，是壮族对柚子的惯称。“柚子”，壮语发音为“bug”。根据《古壮字字典》，其对应的古壮字为“朴（㭪）”。诗人将古壮字运用到汉文诗歌创作中，刻下了明清壮汉文化交相辉映的注脚。 This sort of thing is why Zhuang and Tangut inclusion is important, as they show how flexible Literary Chinese can be. ---> <!--- Possible Jurchen/Khitan focus? 耶律楚材 - Served 窝阔台, 玄風慶會錄 is short and respectable enough to work with. ---> ===Unit 14: People Focus - Tangut peoples=== <!--- 羅福萇 and 羅振玉 wrote studies on Western Xia / Tangut script. Look for poets and stuff. ---> ===Unit 15: Literary Chinese in the Military=== <!--- Real Sun Zi hours! 7 Military Classics are an obvious shout, but look for more stuff too. ---> # [[/Going to war with Boyan/]] <!--- Boyan's Poem from the 元史 　　伯顏，蒙古巴林部人。至元十一年拜中書左丞相，總兵伐宋。官至開府儀同三司，薨贈太師，封淮安王，諡忠武。 　　《玉堂嘉話》：初，宋未下時，江南謠云：「江南若破，白雁來過。」當時莫喻其意。及宋亡，蓋知指丞相巴延也。 　　過梅嶺岡留題 馬首經從庾嶺回 【 庾嶺回　七修類稿（乾隆刊本）卷四十六作「嶺島歸」。】 ，王師到處悉平夷。擔頭不帶江南物，只插梅花一兩枝。 　　《七修類藳》：伯顏下江南，過金陵梅嶺岡詩云云。所以著名，亦有是善。 ---> # [[/An Edict from the Xianbei/]] <!--- 教義詔 楊廣 武有七德，先之以安民。政有六本，興之以教義。高麗高元，虧失藩禮，將欲問罪遼左，恢宣勝略。雖懷伐國，仍事省方。今往涿郡，巡撫民俗。其河北諸郡及山西、山東年九十已上者，版授太守；八十者，授縣令。 ---> # [[/The Suppression of the Kingdom of Dongning/]] <!--- 台灣鄭氏始末 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=139938 Largely a record of wars in Dongning rather than anything about the trade etc, so it fits here. ---> # [[/The Shunzhi Emperor vs Li Zicheng/]] <!--- 順治帝 告示 逆酋李自成已於通城斃命，各地鄉勇務隨我軍剿殺逆賊殘餘,凡有斬獲逆酋及擒獲逆酋交我軍者，一經驗證，按軍功論級給賞，必以示我朝皇恩浩蕩。 大清順治二年五月二十四日 恩詔 今月何日，為國曆改歲之履端,即為永昌書元之紀念？緬惟我朝民眾，三元肇慶，四始發祥。陳椒酒以飛觴，躋堂介壽；換桃符以獻歲，辟戶書新。翹望德容，河勝額手。今山河如舊，歲序更新;今天下同春，咸頒麗澤。願我朝君臣與萬民同樂，共沐化日光天，方不虛度韶華。 永昌二年新正初一 There's probably better choices here. Review. ---> ===Unit 16: Nation Focus - Vietnam=== <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/cfe6700e01f6fd59616a375d31aa8cd096677be1 this first ---> # [[/Ancestor Veneration with the Descendants of Zhu Xi/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/tree/main/corpus%2F%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%2Fclean somewhere in here ---> # [[/Spreading Revolutionary Consciousness with Phan Bội Châu and Liang Qichao/]] <!--- 越南亡國史 Possibly the most important text in Vietnamese history, not even gonna lie. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2 ---> # [[/Academia in Literary Chinese between East and West/]] <!--- 南風雜誌 is a massive shout here. Absolutely amazing series. ---> ===Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae=== <!--- 永樂大典 will teach how to infer from gaps in texts! 《編類》 is an incredibly interesting essay from here that can bring up the odes and Confucius's「思無邪」quote. It can prepare students for the wrath of Qing academia later. ---> # [[/The History of Liao, Jin, and Song with Toqto'a/]] <!--- 脱脱 ---> # [[/Two Years in the Forbidden City with Yu Deling/]] <!--- 清宮禁二年記 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%AE%AE%E7%A6%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%A8%98 ---> # [[/Excerpts from a Modern History of the Da Shun/]] <!--- Fair Use of a 2010 book written in Literary Chinese about the Da Shun dynasty. Limit to 500 characters, if that. Use to encourage recognition of Simplified variants and modern Wenyanwen. ---> # [[/Documenting the World with Terajima/]] <!--- 和漢三才図会 寺島良安, built off 三才圖會 ---> ===Unit 18: Buddhist Literature=== <!--- You would be forgiven for wondering why this is so late, but if you look at many classical Buddhist texts you'll quickly see a ton of loanwords that make it significantly more difficult to read than the average text. Thus, it goes here for now. Look at Japan's 五山文学 ---> # [[/Two Buddhist Temples in Shanghai/]] <!--- 留雲禪寺 雲留雲翔領畧幾許禪機此地有雲散天開真如界。 塔內塔外普示無邊圓覺是故曰塔影雙照解脫門。 歲次壬午冬月吉旦。 覺醒敬撰。 楊胡生沐手恭書。 善信印利明敬獻。 ---> <!--- 福慧宝鼎 慧明大和尚 赤烏古剎 建寺一千七百六十周年紀念 古剎三國建 滬瀆有重玄 石佛音淨現 聖跡顯重元 唐時稱永泰 宋敕名靜安 聖祖留佛闡 仲師移伽藍 元收八景偈 明鑄鐘聲梵 清樹化羅漢 選賢十方讚 佛日普光明 福慧共修善 鼎運昌隆際 轉正法輪緣 歲次丁亥住持慧明監製 Useful phrases from there: 南無本師釋迦牟尼佛 - Pay homage to the root teacher 南無大悲觀世音菩薩 - Pay homage to the goddess of mercy 廣種福田 - widely plant a meritorious field ---> # [[/Dipping your feet in with Wenyan Shu/]] <!--- 華亭 世尊遺法本忘言，教外別傳意已圓。 只履攜將蔥嶺去，不妨來上月明船。 ---> # [[/Foreseeing Monkhood with Yi Xing/]] <!--- 看命一掌金 ---> # [[/A Trip to Western Xia with Zhi Guang and Hui Zhen/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%91%AA%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%92%92%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> # [[/Jizang's Three Discourses/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%AB%96%E7%8E%84%E7%BE%A9 ---> ===Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples=== # [[/Qing dynasty Poetry with Nara Singde/]] <!--- 飲水詞 納蘭性德 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%B7 ---> # [[/Amassing Words with the Kangxi Emperor/]] <!--- Kangxi Dictionary Abstract - https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8 ---> # [[/Amassing Literature with the Qianlong Emperor/]] <!--- Siku Quanshu abstract https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE%E6%8F%90%E8%A6%81 ---> <!--- Yongzheng Emperor's Poetry https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D 《和碩怡賢親王祭文》 Also include 滿洲國 stuff to show the fall of the Qing and attempts to preserve it through becoming a Japanese puppet state. It is important to show how Literary Chinese can be misused as well. 滿洲國建國宣言 is a good shout, as is 法制 to prepare students who may be interested in Taiwan legal stuff later down the road. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E6%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B ---> ===Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature=== <!--- many writers here, will be difficult to sift through. Include 四库全書 abstracts and stuff here. ---> # [[/Jewish Refugees in Shanghai/]] <!--- Show passports, certificates, etc, from the Jewish Refugee Museum, anonymised. ---> # [[/A Literary Chinese Abstract/]] <!--- Abstracts from siku quanshu, probably want others ---> # [[/Lament with Lu Ruoteng/]] <!--- 《疑猜》盧若騰，東寧國 盟誓變為交質子，春秋戰國風如此；末世上下相疑猜, 更質妻子防逃徙。 此法只可羈庸奴，若遇梟雄術窮矣；妻可再娶子再育, 安能長坐針氈裏。 我贈一法君記存；推心置腹人知恩；眾人畜之眾人報, 幾個國士在君門。 盧若騰撰，陳漢光編輯，《島噫詩》，臺灣文獻叢刊第二四五種（臺北:臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1968年）21頁。 ---> # [[/Common Linguistics Knowledge in the RoC/]] <!--- 音韻常識 ---> ==References used for this page== * Yang, B. (2016). 文言语法 [Literary Chinese Grammar] (1st ed). 中华书局 [Zhonghua Book Company]. ISBN: 978-7-101-11619-9 * Priestley, K. E., & Shou-jung, C. (1962). China’s Men of Letters, Yesterday and Today. Dragonfly Books. {{BookCat}} 3j8525x0f8f8q6q5vpzx3n14e29kanr 4634440 4634431 2026-05-06T14:35:03Z Shira the Mogul 3560559 /* Unit 18: Buddhist Literature */ Some reordering and the tathagatas 4634440 wikitext text/x-wiki __notoc__ Welcome to the Wikibook for Literary Chinese (Known as 漢文 "Han Language" in East Asia or 文言 "Literary Language" in China), aimed at individuals hoping to gain a general knowledge of it before progressing into genres they wish to be acquainted with. This is not the [[Classical Chinese]] textbook, which is aimed at Chinese Zhou-Qin era texts. This text aims to shed light on post-Zhou-Qin texts across East Asia, which mimic those texts. It does so through a "buffet" approach, showering you, the reader, with an ocean of texts of myriad genre. ==Table of Contents== === Front matter === * [[/Introduction/]] * [[/Appendices/]] === Useful resources === These are quick grab-bags that can be useful for vocabulary-building. * [[/Antonym List/]] <!--- 文/武，大/小，厚/薄，橫/縱...---> * [[/Collocation Groups/]] <!--- e.g. 四象，三靈…… ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等 Yan Fu's Qing-era translations for modern terms] <!--- Wikiversity has this (https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等) and the below, I will effectively be translating a lot of it! ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/上古語考輯 Communicative Terms] <!--- this will be translated eventually, but right now it's bad to just leave this here. ---> === Useful primers === Across history, many primers have been made for teaching Literary Chinese to children. These are a few that are recommended for use alongside this work, ideally in flashcards. * [https://www.fdgwz.org.cn/Web/Show/11308 倉頡篇] - Cangjie's Chapters, the earliest one. It is extant, but incomplete. It contains several rare characters, and so if used, I would personally recommend doing so later, or out of interest. * 三字經 - The Three Character Classic, an excellent piece for Confucian education. Pair with 弟子规 for best results. ** 三字經（太平天國版）- For Christians, there is a version made by Hong Xiuquan from the Taiping Rebellion. Despite the context, it is a legitimately useful primer and can be used to self-teach for the Delegate's Edition of the Christian Bible. * 千字文 - The Thousand Character Classic, a remarkable piece of constrained writing that only uses each character once. Amazing for building vocabulary whilst seeing historical allusions and the like. * 五字鑑 - The Five-Character Mirror, essentially the 24 Histories of China compressed into a primer. Uses 5-character couplets, the longest in this list. * 龍文鞭影 - The Shadow of Longwen's Whip, a historical allusion trainer. Best paired with a context piece. ===Unit 0: The Han script=== This unit is intended for those with no familiarity of the Han script. It will prepare you for the units ahead, teaching largely pictographic characters. By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around 30 characters. * Understand how characters are composed and how this gives them meaning. * Have a basic idea of how to handwrite and/or type characters. * Know some bare basics of Literary Chinese grammar (e.g. Basic word order, where adjectives go, lack of "is", 有...) Lessons: # [[/An Introduction to the Han Script/]] # [[/People, Big and Small/]] # [[/What are Chinese characters, anyway?/]] <!--- deploy several single-radical texts---> # [[/How do we write Chinese?/]] # [[/Tilling the Fields with 有/]] # [[/The Sun and the Moon/]] # [[/Weapons and Metals/]] # [[/Recognizing Phonetics/]] <!--- time to deploy my one-syllable articles! ---> # [[/Cangjie Created Characters/]] ===Unit 1: Basic Skills=== This unit is intended for those with minimal familiarity with the Han script and no familiarity with Literary Chinese. There is a focus on simple structures, skills for dissecting common textual structures, and short-form poetry in this unit. Before starting this unit, students should: * Recognise around ~30 characters. * Can use Cangjie input. * Have given Unit 0 a cursory glance. <br> By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around ~100 characters. * Comprehend numbers, the Heavenly Stems, and the Earthly Branches, and be able to use them to quantify time and date. * Intuit the basic topic -> comment idea behind Literary Chinese. "This, it is..." * Understand basic function words such as 也, 而, 有, and 謂. Lessons: # [[/The All-Purpose 也/]] # [[/An Introduction to Chinese Numbers/]] <!--- It is hard to find authentic materials for this ---> # [[/One, Two, Left, and Right with Gongsun Long/]] <!--- 曰：「二有一乎？」 曰：「二無一。」 曰：「二有右乎？」 曰：「二無右。」 曰：「二有左乎？」 曰：「二無左。」 曰：「右可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左與右可謂二乎？」 曰：「可。」 ---> # [[/The Heavenly Stems/]] <!--- Introduce ordinals, which will be used to demonstrate sentence patterns later. ---> # [[/Tell the Time with Earthly Branches/]] <!--- Introduce verbs and timekeeping ---> # [[/Lunar Dates with the Spring and Autumn Annals/]] <!--- Vocabulary: 歲，年，朔，月，日，來，前，初，正，春秋夏冬，曆，上，下. Consider including traditional names for months in a list. ---> # [[/Skimming for Major Events in Historical Annals/]] <!--- Don't simply use Confucius's Chunqiu: We can use texts inspired by it. E.g. 三國史記 - 十五年京城旱。秋七月，蝗。very few new characters, lots one can use. Instantly able to use. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B701 Skimming annals is very possible and a very useful skill. Don't skip out on it. Teach students to skim read!!! ---> # [[/Dinner with the Daimyo/]] <!-- 侍宴·大友皇子 皇明光日月，帝徳載天地。 三才併秦昌，万国表臣義。 --> # [[/In Discourse with Jibong/]] <!-- 芝峰類說 倭國謂田爲畠。謂水田爲田。火田爲畑。猶我國以水田爲畓也。故官名有畠山殿。地名有畑島云。 --> # [[/Shinto FAQ with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%81%93%E5%95%8F%E5%B0%8D 眞道問對 本田親徳 really good way of operationalising 乎 and much of the early grammar. 問 天帝無始無終乎。 對 天帝無始無終也。 旣以無始無終之力 與無始無終之體 造無始無終之萬物。 其功亦無始無終也。 問 天地大原在道乎。 對 天地大原實在道。 鬼神依道而立。 人民依道而活。 萬物依道而息。 This is great! ---> <!--- Some cool stuff I saw someone studying from https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B3%E6%BD%AD%E8%A8%98# https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%88%9F%E8%A8%98 Could be used for period focus ---> ===Unit 2: An Overview of Sinitic Poetry=== This unit will teach you how Sinitic Poetry operates; - that is, the way individuals in the Sinosphere compose poetry in Literary Chinese. Despite this language's fall out of favour in the past century, this tradition is still remarkably alive and well, and their short length makes them more accessible than elaborate prose. In this unit, you will begin from the ''Classic of Poetry'' before travelling through poems from the Tang dynasty, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, the Ryukyu Kingdom, and Korea. When introducing poetry, I will furthermore use the language from the nation it is from to show how it is recited by its people. After discussing the Classic of Poetry, we will also be a small detour into a discussion on Ping-Ze 平仄, the Tang dynasty system of alternating tones, so to produce rhyme on tonal and phonological levels. This had a major impact on Literary Chinese poetry as a whole! By the end of this Unit, students will: * Recognise around 120 more characters. * Be able to explain how Sinitic Poetry rhymes and the themes it contains. * Be able to use function words such as 在, 無, 不, 聿, and 于/於 in poetic contexts. * Recognise the switch between 吾/我 in the subject-object positions and demonstrate it in usage. * (Chinese speakers) Be able to differentiate 于 and 於, and understand the "interest(ed) in" meaning of 好 in most circumstances. <!--- Summary of the above part about 于 and 於 for other editors: 于 and 於 were distinct words for an extremely long time and were still such to Literary Chinese writers. Their "merging" through Simplified-Traditional Chinese distinctions is a very modern thing. I will summarise their usages here, using Pulleyblank's Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar (2000); * 于 - This can mean "to go" or "to/at". 黃鳥于飛 "The yellow birds go flying". Must be post-verbal. It can also appear in 至于. * 於 - This is an all-purpose locative preposition - from "on/at/in" to "from" or even "than" (甲於乙). The implication of motion is not there at all. Must be pre-verbal. It can also appear in 之於 or be an archaic noun for a crow 於 (烏). ---> Lessons: # [[/Across the Rivers with Emperor Puliuru Guang/]] <!--- 春江花月夜·楊廣 夜露含花氣，春潭漾月暉。 漢水逢遊女，湘川值二妃。 This is really simple and can elucidate Ping-Ze easily. ---> # [[/To Study the Odes/]] <!-- 蟋蟀·姬旦 國風·唐風 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其莫。今我不樂，日月其除。無已大康，職思其居。好樂無荒，良士瞿瞿。 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其逝。今我不樂，日月其邁。無已大康，職思其外。好樂無荒，良士蹶蹶。 蟋蟀在堂，役車其休。今我不樂，日月其慆。無已大康，職思其憂。好樂無荒，良士休休。 --> <!-- 黃鳥 小雅·鴻鴈之什 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于穀，無啄我粟。 此邦之人，不我肯穀。言旋言歸，復我邦族。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于桑，無啄我粱。 此邦之人，不可與明。言旋言歸，復我諸兄。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于栩，無啄我黍。 此邦之人，不可與處。言旋言歸，復我諸父。 --> # [[/A Detour into Orthodox Ping-Ze/]] <!--- 平 and 仄 are useful characters themselves. Show 仄 in the binomes 反仄，歉仄，逼仄 as it's often difficult to immediately use ---> # [[/The Restraint of Du Fu/]] # [[/The Longing of Li Bai/]] # [[/The Environment with Bukha Timur/]] <!--- 西湖竹枝詞·布哈特穆爾 湖上春歸人未歸，桃紅柳緑黄鶯飛。 桃花落時多結子，楊花落處秪沾衣。 宫词·布哈特穆爾 玉樓珠箔晚天涼，秋色依稀滿建章。 金井梧桐霜葉盡，自隨流水出宮牆。 Mongol writer from the Uyghur Kingdom of Gaochang Spammed Ctrl+F in https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E9%81%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%9D%E8%A9%A9_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC) ---> # [[/Pillow Talk with Guan Yunshi/]] <!--- 紅繡鞋·貫雲石 挨著靠著雲窗同坐，偎著抱著月枕雙歌，聽著數著愁著怕著早四更過。四更過情未足，情未足夜如梭。天哪，更閏一更兒妨甚么！ Uyghur author! ---> # [[/Buddhist Philosophy with Ngô Chân Lưu and Taisei Shōan/]] <!-- 元火·吳真流 木中元有火，元火復還生。 若為木無火，鉆燧何有萌。--> <!-- 杜鵑·大成聖安 夢覚孤床静 杜鵑帯雨飛 一声来近枕 何者不沾衣 --> # [[/Odes with Mō Taiei and Zheng Chengxun/]] <!-- 詠松·毛泰永 植體宜千仞，垂陰動百尋。 李膺真烈烈，和嶠自森森。 桃李何堪較，雪霜安得侵。 萬年身不老，種子又成林。 AKA Inoha Seiki 伊野波 盛紀 --> <!-- 詠班蘭·鄭成勛 南國多芳草，班蘭最有名。 深根將綠茁，長葉亦叢生。 取味迎賓合，入厨任水烹。 可憐經一用，擲棄不留情。 鄭成勛《樵隱詩集》 https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/dsprojects/sg-jiutishi/poem/827 --> # [[/On a Journey with Sa Dula/]] <!--- 無題·薩都剌 為客三年海上洲，故鄉何處瘴雲稠。 數千里外蠻人域，十八灘頭過客舟。 時有山禽呼姓字，或從海鳥作朋儔。 故人珂珮周旋處，紫殿風清十二樓。 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%A1%8C_(%E8%96%A9%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C) A naturalised Mongol scholar who made a beautiful poem. This'll be a capstone. ---> <!--- 朝中措·襄陽古道灞陵橋 襄陽古道灞陵橋，詩興與秋高。 千古風流人物，一時多少雄豪。 霜清玉塞，雲飛隴首，風落江皋。 夢到鳳凰台上，山圍故國周遭。 北郊晚步 陂水荷凋晚，茅檐燕去涼。 遠林明落景，平麓淡秋光。 群牧歸村巷，孤禽立野航。 自諳閑散樂，園圃意尤長。 Jurchen poet and grandson of Emperor Shizong of Jin. He's a Zen Buddhist, so we'll go back to him later. ---> ===Unit 3: Confucianism and the World=== This is a Confucian-themed unit with a smattering of other items. You will see the odd geography of the past, early linguistic philosophy, and terrifying breakaway states! By the end of this unit, students should be able to: * Recognise around 200+ characters. * Read basic annals and histories with some dictionary assistance, and comprehend 3-character structures reliably. * Have encountered basic grammatical points such as 之、乎、者、也、而、則、乃、所、以、於、于、與、且、蓋、and 夫. ** 於 and 于 should be distinguishable. * Survive a text of at least 250 characters and read for gist. Lessons: # [[/A Brief Overview of Confucianism/]] # [[/The Mountains with Yelü Tuyu/]] <!--- 立木海上刻詩 耶律圖欲 / 耶律倍 / 李贊華 小山壓大山，大山全無力。 羞見故鄉人，從此投外國。 ---> # [[/Is a White Horse a Horse?/]]<!-- Teach negation with 非 in 公孙龍子 and compare with 不 --> # [[/The Three Character Classic/]] # [[/Expressing Filial Conduct with Confucius and Hara Saihin/]] <!-- 次韻杏坪先生 父執有君孤不孤 相依遍接搢紳徒 区区自抱地方寸 杏杏重遊天一隅 羇雁飛鳴迷汝國 家人思夢入江都 如教志業青年遂 世上寧無逐臭夫 --> # [[/Confucianism and the Environment with Sai On/]]<!-- 木假山記 --> # [[/In Debate with Mencius/]] ===Unit 4: Women's Writing=== In this unit, women's writing from various areas of China will be explored. This is chiefly targeted at poetry and the themes within; from the feminine voice of the Classic of Poetry to the remonstrance towards the Khitan Emperor Tianzuo of Jin by his Consort Dasese. The role of women in courtly society is to be elucidated here! # [[/An Unmarried Life with Heo Nansŏrhŏn/]] <!--- 貧女吟 豈是乏容色。工鍼復工織。 少小長寒門。良媒不相識。 夜久織未休。戛戛鳴寒機。 機中一匹練。終作阿誰衣。 手把金翦刀。夜寒十指直。 爲人作嫁衣。年年還獨宿。 ---> # [[/Responding to Lord Trần with Hồ Xuân Hương/]] <!--- Responding to 陳光靜 Trần Quang Tĩnh 《和陳侯》 愧無才調使人驚，十載風塵貫耳鈴。 已是臨枰知敵手，莫須敲月苦殫精。 為輪為彈隨遭遇，誰鳳誰鶯任賦生。 造物於人何苟惜，明珠休向暗中呈。 莫須 is an important structure to teach here. ---> # [[/Gaze into the Autumn Night with Taisei Shōan/]] <!--- 秋夜偶成·大成聖安 長天浮爽気，月色興無窮 群犬吠山径，百蟲啼野風 悲秋秋夜永，感古古今同 自是孤窓下，凄然万慮空 ---> # [[/Visiting a Temple with Yu Xuanji/]] <!--- 遊崇真觀南樓覩新及第題名處 雲峰滿目放春晴，歷歷銀鈎指下生。 自恨羅衣掩詩句，擧頭空羨榜中名。 ---> # [[/Remonstrance with Dasese/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AB%B7%E8%AB%AB%E6%AD%8C 諷諫歌·大瑟瑟 勿嗟塞上兮暗紅塵。 勿傷多難兮畏夷人。 不如塞奸邪之路兮選取賢臣。 直須臥薪嚐膽兮激壯士之捐身。 可以朝清漠北兮夕枕燕雲。 Dasese (or 萧瑟瑟) was a Khitan consort to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao. She remonstrated him as the Jurchens were beginning to encroach upon the Khitan, and was forced to commit suicide for her remonstrance. Tianzuo would soon pay for his malfeasance. ---> # [[/The Love Songs of the Odes/]] <!--- 褰裳 子惠思我，褰裳涉溱。子不我思，豈無他人？狂童之狂也且！ 子惠思我，褰裳涉洧。子不我思，豈無他士？狂童之狂也且！ 柏舟 彼柏舟，在彼中河，髧彼兩髦，實維我儀，之死矢靡它，母也天只，不諒人只。 汎彼柏舟，在彼河側，髧彼兩髦，實維我特，之死矢靡慝，母也天只，不諒人只。 行露 厭浥行露，豈不夙夜，謂行多露。 誰謂雀無角？何以穿我屋？誰謂女無家？何以速我獄？雖速我獄，室家不足。 誰謂鼠無牙？何以穿我墉？誰謂女無家？何以速我訟？雖速我訟，亦不女從。 ---> # [[/Rules for Women with Ban Zhao/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%AA%A1 ---> # [[/The Tragedy of Cai Wenji/]] <!--- 悲憤詩 〔兩漢〕蔡文姬 漢季失權柄，董卓亂天常。 志欲圖篡弒，先害諸賢良。 逼迫遷舊邦，擁主以自強。 海內興義師，欲共討不祥。 卓眾來東下，金甲耀日光。 平土人脆弱，來兵皆胡羌。 獵野圍城邑，所向悉破亡。 斬截無孑遺，屍骸相撐拒。 馬邊懸男頭，馬後載婦女。 長驅西入關，迥路險且阻。 還顧邈冥冥，肝脾為爛腐。 所略有萬計，不得令屯聚。 或有骨肉俱，欲言不敢語。 失意幾微間，輒言斃降虜。 要當以亭刃，我曹不活汝。 豈復惜性命，不堪其詈罵。 或便加棰杖，毒痛參並下。 旦則號泣行，夜則悲吟坐。 欲死不能得，欲生無一可。 彼蒼者何辜，乃遭此厄禍。 邊荒與華異，人俗少義理。 處所多霜雪，胡風春夏起。 翩翩吹我衣，肅肅入我耳。 感時念父母，哀嘆無窮已。 有客從外來，聞之常歡喜。 迎問其消息，輒復非鄉里。 邂逅徼時願，骨肉來迎己。 己得自解免，當復棄兒子。 天屬綴人心，念別無會期。 存亡永乖隔，不忍與之辭。 兒前抱我頸，問母欲何之。 人言母當去，豈復有還時。 阿母常仁惻，今何更不慈。 我尚未成人，奈何不顧思。 見此崩五內，恍惚生狂痴。 號泣手撫摩，當發復回疑。 兼有同時輩，相送告離別。 慕我獨得歸，哀叫聲摧裂。 馬為立踟躕，車為不轉轍。 觀者皆噓唏，行路亦嗚咽。 去去割情戀，遄征日遐邁。 悠悠三千里，何時復交會。 念我出腹子，匈臆為摧敗。 既至家人盡，又復無中外。 城廓為山林，庭宇生荊艾。 白骨不知誰，縱橫莫覆蓋。 出門無人聲，豺狼號且吠。 煢煢對孤景，怛吒糜肝肺。 登高遠眺望，魂神忽飛逝。 奄若壽命盡，旁人相寬大。 為復強視息，雖生何聊賴。 託命於新人，竭心自勖勵。 流離成鄙賤，常恐復捐廢。 人生幾何時，懷憂終年歲。 ---> ===Unit 5: Myths and Legends of East Asia=== <!--- Shanhaijing, Zibuyu... Etc. Zhiguai literature. This aims to provide a counterpoint to what Confucius wouldn't discuss - thus Zibuyu. Going straight into Daoism isn't ideal. ---> # [[/Exploring the World of Mountains and Seas/]]<!-- Structure: 出焉 --> # [[/Oh, the Qilin!/]] <!--- Even here, the odes can be studied! ---> # [[/Ultimate Justice with Xiezhi/]] # [[/The Virtue of the Fenghuang/]] # [[/The Entrapment of Hua Po/]] # [[/Nüwa Created the World/]] ===Unit 6: Nation Focus - Japan=== # [[/The Inariyama Sword/]] <!--- short and sweet! ---> # [[/Entering Japan with Takeda Shingen/]] <!--- 便面蘆間有漁·武田信玄 山色水光烟接天，漁翁江上棹蘆辺 丹青若写得勝景，万里風波一釣船 便面半月照梅花·武田信玄 蘆葦清風垂頂絲，窺魚白鷺水生涯 江南記得曾遊夕，似見梨花院落時 島森哲男. (2015). 武田信玄漢詩校釈. 宮城教育大学紀要, 49, 333–352. https://mue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/440 似 is a really useful thing to teach early on. ---> # [[/The Oldest Inscription in Japan/]] <!--- 宇治橋断碑 ---> # [[/Remembering Conflict with Nakajima Noburu/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/6faa4d3e57a24e542db0375894f0ead5503218bb ---> # [[/Shinto Teachings with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%9F 本田親徳 道之大原 ---> # [[/The Diary of Fujiwara no Teika/]] <!--- 明月記 ---> # [[/Reading the History of Japan with Prince Toneri/]] <!--- 日本書記, etc. ---> <!--- # [[/Occupying Taiwan/]] ---> <!--- I have some colonial literature on me that can be used here. ---> ===Unit 7: Nation Focus - Korea=== <!--- 三國史記 for sure! ---> <!--- 放蟬賦 by Yi Kyubo ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%A0%A4%E9%BD%8B%E9%81%BA%E7%A8%BF 頤齋遺稿 黃胤錫 Joseon scholar! ---> # [[/An Elegy to the Empress with Choe Ja/]] <!--- Choe Ja 元德大后輓詞·崔滋（최자） 乾極曾客配,坤儀正體元。 枕前朝聖主,帳底見曾孫。 陰慘俄沉月,屋悲便沒軒。 三韓千古淚,七十九年恩。 ---> # [[/Language Reform with Sejong the Great/]] <!--- 訓民正音 https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/1ef2b42cc50055affaa5ef39c61b87ed31c34a60 multiple poems and descriptive terms, possibly the best capstone ---> ===Unit 8: Christian Literature=== # [[/A Different Three Character Classic with Hong Xiuquan/]] # [[/Friar Juan Cobo's Veritable Record/]] <!--- One of few texts from the Philippines that I have ever found! https://bnedigital.bne.es/bd/en/viewer?id=0160187c-9d9b-4f34-84d6-bc03fd310c69 ---> # [[/The Delegate's Edition/]] # [[/Nestorian Steles during the Tang/]] <!--- 大秦景教宣元至本經經幢 and 景教碑 ---> # [[/Hong Xiuquan's Bible/]] <!--- https://bible.fhl.net/ob/nob.html?book=407 ---> <!--- I don't want to focus too much on Hong Xiuquan here, so look for more material, especially from missionaries. ---> ===Unit 9: An Introduction to Daoism=== <!--- And now back to your regularly scheduled Zhuangzi/Laozi/Liezi. But with more interesting stuff. Trust! ---> # [[/Laozi Explains the Dao/]] <!--- 道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無欲，以觀其妙；常有欲，以觀其徼。此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。I can expect learners to recognise the stuff here. ---> # [[/Qingtan with Xie Daoyun/]] <!--- 謝道韞; mentioned in the sanzijing. could be good! 《泰山吟·謝道韞》 峩峩東嶽高，秀極衝青天。 巖中間虛宇，寂寞幽以玄。 非工復非匠，雲構發自然。 器象爾何物，遂令我屢遷。 逝將宅斯宇，可以盡天年。 《拟嵇中散咏松诗·謝道韞》 遙望山上松，隆冬不能凋。 願想遊不憩，瞻彼萬仞條。 騰躍未能升，頓足俟王喬。 時哉不我與，大運所飄遙。 ---> # [[/The Doubting Neighbour/]] # [[/Kuafu Chases the Sun/]] # [[/The Frog in a Well/]] # [[/Wu wei with King Hui of Liang/]] # [[/The Old Man that Moves the Mountains/]] # [[/Master Zhuang Dreams of Butterflies/]] <!--- Currently very stereotypical, but there's stuff to work with at least. Need to include those weird Daoist characters among other things. ---> ===Unit 10: Nation Focus - Ryukyu Kingdom=== # [[/Historical Annals with Sai On/]] <!--- Kyuko is an easy cop ---> # [[/The Enthronement of Shō Tei/]] <!--- 康熙二十二年封王尚貞敕 皇帝敕諭琉球國中山王世子尚貞：惟爾遠處海隅，虔修職貢；屬在塚嗣，序應承祧。以朝命未膺，罔敢專擅；恪遵典制，奉表請封。朕念爾世守臣節，忠誠可嘉！特遣正使翰林院檢討汪楫、副使內閣中書舍人加一級林麟焻，齎敕封爾為琉球國中山王，並賜爾及妃文幣等物。爾祗承寵眷，懋紹先猷；輯和臣民，慎固封守：用安宗社於苞桑，永作天家之屏翰。欽哉，毋替朕命！故諭。 Teach imperial edicts. Consider seeing if there's a letter of acceptance from Shō Tei. Recorded in 琉球國志略 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=966326 ---> # [[/The Twilight of Ryukyu with Shō Ten/]] <!--- 神田酒樓街燈 尚典 酒樓今秋設芳筵， 一望街燈燦燦連。 烟氣引來通柱上， 光爭星月照神田。 ---> # [[/A Trip to Ryukyu with Luo Sen/]] <!--- Pre-Capstone ---> <!--- 遐邇貫珍 1854-11 - 日本日記 羅森 https://archive.org/details/HEKC185411/page/n5/mode/1up A solid description of Ryukyu cultural customs in Volume 11. Absolutely incredible. 日三日火船直向東北而駛出了臺灣之外幾日不見天涯是時北風大作波浪沖天火船亦甚飄蕩而不能立見有沙鷗隨風而逐浪心直駛七日漸見小山而到琉球琉球一國長闊一百七十五里其國城在地球圖緯線赤道之北二十六度十四分經線中華北京偏東十一度二十四分自明以來世封王爵叨列藩籬其處土產不過蔬菜番薯菜油黑糖等類人民束髻大補是穿草履男女粧飾頭上祇插一簪二簪為別故少年之男女瞥目則無異及其壯也皆留鬚髯故街上長鬚之人甚多甲寅正月初一予上岸遊玩見街上兒童甚多分以銅錢各極歡喜人民亦甚謙恭民居間亦貼新春聯于門外但不見有別等繁華之事那霸有寺寺內有園是名家世宦之墳所以石刊刻姓名年號于碑上每日道人打掃供奉生花樹葉于墓前另有人家祖墳與中國之明塚無異峰巒之上樹木多植民房則以蠻石圍墻內以茅草結屋而居佳物椅棹俱無惟以草蓆屈膝而坐對火盆而吹煙民間亦有識中國言語字墨者 不張舖店惟有墟塲男不貿易婦女為之以貨易貨而外方之金銀弗尚焉然而百姓亦甚畏官長飲食亦甚粗粕甘守樸儉不務奢華亦鮮欺詐板門紙窓夜間亦不防竊曾見途中撿物亦能以返原人公門之內冷冷落落並無案牘之煩淳樸之風畧有同于上古之世我等外國之欲買什物須言于官官為代辦正月初六提督被理衛廉士等一班將官布列威嚴與予乘轎至王宮總理大臣尚宏勳為主席布政大夫馬良才為知客享宴甚豐食物多與中國無異宴後各官皆饋有紙扇烟包布帛等項是物雖粗此亦世子之恭敬外國故亞國亦以禮物而返贈之世子王宮離岸三里在于山頂是名守禮將至其宮一路亦有樹木石牌坊宮室亦甚寬大幽雅垣局可觀其處多栽鳳尾草森樹等類以障陰山邊田土樹藝五穀近海沙田水漲之後人收其沙以煎鹽此時明月當圓予覽山川亦足見一方之風景 ---> <!--- 中山世鑑 and so on. Lots of poetry too. ---> ===Unit 11: Nation Focus - Singapore=== <!--- National Library of Singapore has a poetry series that's super good! ---> ===Unit 12: Literary Chinese in Medicine=== <!--- do not endorse the medical practices discussed in these...make sure to link back to the heavenly stems here as they are associated with specific body parts. ---> # [[/Deviant Qi with Zhang Congzheng/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%84%92%E9%96%80%E4%BA%8B%E8%A6%AA ---> # [[/Anatomy with Sugita Genpaku/]] <!--- 解体新書 ---> ===Unit 13: People Focus - Zhuang peoples=== <!--- https://mooc1.chaoxing.com/mooc-ans/ztnodedetailcontroller/visitnodedetail?courseId=84745403&knowledgeId=84745463&_from_=&_fromV2_=&rtag= 《峤西诗钞》 is also a really good shout. ---> <!--- Basically, there are Zhuang and Tangut peoples who wrote in Literary Chinese, and their inclusion here is to show that even those who made their own scripts would use this tongue. 张鸿翮 imported the character 朴 to describe a bug, for example. ---> # [[/Zhuang poetry with Zhang Honghe/]] <!--- https://wenyi.gmw.cn/2024-06/25/content_37398911.htm 一是忠实记录了汉诗创作与古壮字交融的文化现象。清代壮族诗人张鸿翮（hé）《大塘谣》（《峤西诗钞》卷二）云： 去了休。去到大塘红蓼洲。红蓼生花，不结子。绿朴生花，毬见毬。 诗中所说“绿朴”，是壮族对柚子的惯称。“柚子”，壮语发音为“bug”。根据《古壮字字典》，其对应的古壮字为“朴（㭪）”。诗人将古壮字运用到汉文诗歌创作中，刻下了明清壮汉文化交相辉映的注脚。 This sort of thing is why Zhuang and Tangut inclusion is important, as they show how flexible Literary Chinese can be. ---> <!--- Possible Jurchen/Khitan focus? 耶律楚材 - Served 窝阔台, 玄風慶會錄 is short and respectable enough to work with. ---> ===Unit 14: People Focus - Tangut peoples=== <!--- 羅福萇 and 羅振玉 wrote studies on Western Xia / Tangut script. Look for poets and stuff. ---> ===Unit 15: Literary Chinese in the Military=== <!--- Real Sun Zi hours! 7 Military Classics are an obvious shout, but look for more stuff too. ---> # [[/Going to war with Boyan/]] <!--- Boyan's Poem from the 元史 　　伯顏，蒙古巴林部人。至元十一年拜中書左丞相，總兵伐宋。官至開府儀同三司，薨贈太師，封淮安王，諡忠武。 　　《玉堂嘉話》：初，宋未下時，江南謠云：「江南若破，白雁來過。」當時莫喻其意。及宋亡，蓋知指丞相巴延也。 　　過梅嶺岡留題 馬首經從庾嶺回 【 庾嶺回　七修類稿（乾隆刊本）卷四十六作「嶺島歸」。】 ，王師到處悉平夷。擔頭不帶江南物，只插梅花一兩枝。 　　《七修類藳》：伯顏下江南，過金陵梅嶺岡詩云云。所以著名，亦有是善。 ---> # [[/An Edict from the Xianbei/]] <!--- 教義詔 楊廣 武有七德，先之以安民。政有六本，興之以教義。高麗高元，虧失藩禮，將欲問罪遼左，恢宣勝略。雖懷伐國，仍事省方。今往涿郡，巡撫民俗。其河北諸郡及山西、山東年九十已上者，版授太守；八十者，授縣令。 ---> # [[/The Suppression of the Kingdom of Dongning/]] <!--- 台灣鄭氏始末 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=139938 Largely a record of wars in Dongning rather than anything about the trade etc, so it fits here. ---> # [[/The Shunzhi Emperor vs Li Zicheng/]] <!--- 順治帝 告示 逆酋李自成已於通城斃命，各地鄉勇務隨我軍剿殺逆賊殘餘,凡有斬獲逆酋及擒獲逆酋交我軍者，一經驗證，按軍功論級給賞，必以示我朝皇恩浩蕩。 大清順治二年五月二十四日 恩詔 今月何日，為國曆改歲之履端,即為永昌書元之紀念？緬惟我朝民眾，三元肇慶，四始發祥。陳椒酒以飛觴，躋堂介壽；換桃符以獻歲，辟戶書新。翹望德容，河勝額手。今山河如舊，歲序更新;今天下同春，咸頒麗澤。願我朝君臣與萬民同樂，共沐化日光天，方不虛度韶華。 永昌二年新正初一 There's probably better choices here. Review. ---> ===Unit 16: Nation Focus - Vietnam=== <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/cfe6700e01f6fd59616a375d31aa8cd096677be1 this first ---> # [[/Ancestor Veneration with the Descendants of Zhu Xi/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/tree/main/corpus%2F%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%2Fclean somewhere in here ---> # [[/Spreading Revolutionary Consciousness with Phan Bội Châu and Liang Qichao/]] <!--- 越南亡國史 Possibly the most important text in Vietnamese history, not even gonna lie. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2 ---> # [[/Academia in Literary Chinese between East and West/]] <!--- 南風雜誌 is a massive shout here. Absolutely amazing series. ---> ===Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae=== <!--- 永樂大典 will teach how to infer from gaps in texts! 《編類》 is an incredibly interesting essay from here that can bring up the odes and Confucius's「思無邪」quote. It can prepare students for the wrath of Qing academia later. ---> # [[/The History of Liao, Jin, and Song with Toqto'a/]] <!--- 脱脱 ---> # [[/Two Years in the Forbidden City with Yu Deling/]] <!--- 清宮禁二年記 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%AE%AE%E7%A6%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%A8%98 ---> # [[/Excerpts from a Modern History of the Da Shun/]] <!--- Fair Use of a 2010 book written in Literary Chinese about the Da Shun dynasty. Limit to 500 characters, if that. Use to encourage recognition of Simplified variants and modern Wenyanwen. ---> # [[/Documenting the World with Terajima/]] <!--- 和漢三才図会 寺島良安, built off 三才圖會 ---> ===Unit 18: Buddhist Literature=== <!--- You would be forgiven for wondering why this is so late, but if you look at many classical Buddhist texts you'll quickly see a ton of loanwords that make it significantly more difficult to read than the average text. Thus, it goes here for now. Look at Japan's 五山文学 ---> # [[/Dipping your feet in with Wenyan Shu/]] <!--- 華亭 世尊遺法本忘言，教外別傳意已圓。 只履攜將蔥嶺去，不妨來上月明船。 ---> # [[/The Seven Tathagatas/]] <!--- 南無寶勝如來 南無多寶如來 南無妙色身如來 南無廣博身如來 南無離怖畏如來 南無甘露王如來 南無阿彌陀佛 Use to introduce some core vocabulary in repetitive manner. Useful phrases from my trip to Jing'an Temple 南無本師釋迦牟尼佛 - Pay homage to the root teacher 南無大悲觀世音菩薩 - Pay homage to the goddess of mercy 廣種福田 - widely plant a meritorious field ---> # [[/Two Buddhist Temples in Shanghai/]] <!--- 留雲禪寺 雲留雲翔領畧幾許禪機此地有雲散天開真如界。 塔內塔外普示無邊圓覺是故曰塔影雙照解脫門。 歲次壬午冬月吉旦。 覺醒敬撰。 楊胡生沐手恭書。 善信印利明敬獻。 ---> <!--- 福慧宝鼎 慧明大和尚 赤烏古剎 建寺一千七百六十周年紀念 古剎三國建 滬瀆有重玄 石佛音淨現 聖跡顯重元 唐時稱永泰 宋敕名靜安 聖祖留佛闡 仲師移伽藍 元收八景偈 明鑄鐘聲梵 清樹化羅漢 選賢十方讚 佛日普光明 福慧共修善 鼎運昌隆際 轉正法輪緣 歲次丁亥住持慧明監製 ---> # [[/Foreseeing Monkhood with Yi Xing/]] <!--- 看命一掌金 ---> # [[/A Trip to Western Xia with Zhi Guang and Hui Zhen/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%91%AA%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%92%92%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> # [[/Jizang's Three Discourses/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%AB%96%E7%8E%84%E7%BE%A9 ---> ===Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples=== # [[/Qing dynasty Poetry with Nara Singde/]] <!--- 飲水詞 納蘭性德 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%B7 ---> # [[/Amassing Words with the Kangxi Emperor/]] <!--- Kangxi Dictionary Abstract - https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8 ---> # [[/Amassing Literature with the Qianlong Emperor/]] <!--- Siku Quanshu abstract https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE%E6%8F%90%E8%A6%81 ---> <!--- Yongzheng Emperor's Poetry https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D 《和碩怡賢親王祭文》 Also include 滿洲國 stuff to show the fall of the Qing and attempts to preserve it through becoming a Japanese puppet state. It is important to show how Literary Chinese can be misused as well. 滿洲國建國宣言 is a good shout, as is 法制 to prepare students who may be interested in Taiwan legal stuff later down the road. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E6%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B ---> ===Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature=== <!--- many writers here, will be difficult to sift through. Include 四库全書 abstracts and stuff here. ---> # [[/Jewish Refugees in Shanghai/]] <!--- Show passports, certificates, etc, from the Jewish Refugee Museum, anonymised. ---> # [[/A Literary Chinese Abstract/]] <!--- Abstracts from siku quanshu, probably want others ---> # [[/Lament with Lu Ruoteng/]] <!--- 《疑猜》盧若騰，東寧國 盟誓變為交質子，春秋戰國風如此；末世上下相疑猜, 更質妻子防逃徙。 此法只可羈庸奴，若遇梟雄術窮矣；妻可再娶子再育, 安能長坐針氈裏。 我贈一法君記存；推心置腹人知恩；眾人畜之眾人報, 幾個國士在君門。 盧若騰撰，陳漢光編輯，《島噫詩》，臺灣文獻叢刊第二四五種（臺北:臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1968年）21頁。 ---> # [[/Common Linguistics Knowledge in the RoC/]] <!--- 音韻常識 ---> ==References used for this page== * Yang, B. (2016). 文言语法 [Literary Chinese Grammar] (1st ed). 中华书局 [Zhonghua Book Company]. ISBN: 978-7-101-11619-9 * Priestley, K. E., & Shou-jung, C. (1962). China’s Men of Letters, Yesterday and Today. Dragonfly Books. {{BookCat}} tv519aj411fb6pb247grhqf277t2n3b 4634443 4634440 2026-05-06T14:48:53Z Shira the Mogul 3560559 /* Unit 18: Buddhist Literature */ Added texts I saw were quoted at Jingan 4634443 wikitext text/x-wiki __notoc__ Welcome to the Wikibook for Literary Chinese (Known as 漢文 "Han Language" in East Asia or 文言 "Literary Language" in China), aimed at individuals hoping to gain a general knowledge of it before progressing into genres they wish to be acquainted with. This is not the [[Classical Chinese]] textbook, which is aimed at Chinese Zhou-Qin era texts. This text aims to shed light on post-Zhou-Qin texts across East Asia, which mimic those texts. It does so through a "buffet" approach, showering you, the reader, with an ocean of texts of myriad genre. ==Table of Contents== === Front matter === * [[/Introduction/]] * [[/Appendices/]] === Useful resources === These are quick grab-bags that can be useful for vocabulary-building. * [[/Antonym List/]] <!--- 文/武，大/小，厚/薄，橫/縱...---> * [[/Collocation Groups/]] <!--- e.g. 四象，三靈…… ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等 Yan Fu's Qing-era translations for modern terms] <!--- Wikiversity has this (https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等) and the below, I will effectively be translating a lot of it! ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/上古語考輯 Communicative Terms] <!--- this will be translated eventually, but right now it's bad to just leave this here. ---> === Useful primers === Across history, many primers have been made for teaching Literary Chinese to children. These are a few that are recommended for use alongside this work, ideally in flashcards. * [https://www.fdgwz.org.cn/Web/Show/11308 倉頡篇] - Cangjie's Chapters, the earliest one. It is extant, but incomplete. It contains several rare characters, and so if used, I would personally recommend doing so later, or out of interest. * 三字經 - The Three Character Classic, an excellent piece for Confucian education. Pair with 弟子规 for best results. ** 三字經（太平天國版）- For Christians, there is a version made by Hong Xiuquan from the Taiping Rebellion. Despite the context, it is a legitimately useful primer and can be used to self-teach for the Delegate's Edition of the Christian Bible. * 千字文 - The Thousand Character Classic, a remarkable piece of constrained writing that only uses each character once. Amazing for building vocabulary whilst seeing historical allusions and the like. * 五字鑑 - The Five-Character Mirror, essentially the 24 Histories of China compressed into a primer. Uses 5-character couplets, the longest in this list. * 龍文鞭影 - The Shadow of Longwen's Whip, a historical allusion trainer. Best paired with a context piece. ===Unit 0: The Han script=== This unit is intended for those with no familiarity of the Han script. It will prepare you for the units ahead, teaching largely pictographic characters. By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around 30 characters. * Understand how characters are composed and how this gives them meaning. * Have a basic idea of how to handwrite and/or type characters. * Know some bare basics of Literary Chinese grammar (e.g. Basic word order, where adjectives go, lack of "is", 有...) Lessons: # [[/An Introduction to the Han Script/]] # [[/People, Big and Small/]] # [[/What are Chinese characters, anyway?/]] <!--- deploy several single-radical texts---> # [[/How do we write Chinese?/]] # [[/Tilling the Fields with 有/]] # [[/The Sun and the Moon/]] # [[/Weapons and Metals/]] # [[/Recognizing Phonetics/]] <!--- time to deploy my one-syllable articles! ---> # [[/Cangjie Created Characters/]] ===Unit 1: Basic Skills=== This unit is intended for those with minimal familiarity with the Han script and no familiarity with Literary Chinese. There is a focus on simple structures, skills for dissecting common textual structures, and short-form poetry in this unit. Before starting this unit, students should: * Recognise around ~30 characters. * Can use Cangjie input. * Have given Unit 0 a cursory glance. <br> By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around ~100 characters. * Comprehend numbers, the Heavenly Stems, and the Earthly Branches, and be able to use them to quantify time and date. * Intuit the basic topic -> comment idea behind Literary Chinese. "This, it is..." * Understand basic function words such as 也, 而, 有, and 謂. Lessons: # [[/The All-Purpose 也/]] # [[/An Introduction to Chinese Numbers/]] <!--- It is hard to find authentic materials for this ---> # [[/One, Two, Left, and Right with Gongsun Long/]] <!--- 曰：「二有一乎？」 曰：「二無一。」 曰：「二有右乎？」 曰：「二無右。」 曰：「二有左乎？」 曰：「二無左。」 曰：「右可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左與右可謂二乎？」 曰：「可。」 ---> # [[/The Heavenly Stems/]] <!--- Introduce ordinals, which will be used to demonstrate sentence patterns later. ---> # [[/Tell the Time with Earthly Branches/]] <!--- Introduce verbs and timekeeping ---> # [[/Lunar Dates with the Spring and Autumn Annals/]] <!--- Vocabulary: 歲，年，朔，月，日，來，前，初，正，春秋夏冬，曆，上，下. Consider including traditional names for months in a list. ---> # [[/Skimming for Major Events in Historical Annals/]] <!--- Don't simply use Confucius's Chunqiu: We can use texts inspired by it. E.g. 三國史記 - 十五年京城旱。秋七月，蝗。very few new characters, lots one can use. Instantly able to use. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B701 Skimming annals is very possible and a very useful skill. Don't skip out on it. Teach students to skim read!!! ---> # [[/Dinner with the Daimyo/]] <!-- 侍宴·大友皇子 皇明光日月，帝徳載天地。 三才併秦昌，万国表臣義。 --> # [[/In Discourse with Jibong/]] <!-- 芝峰類說 倭國謂田爲畠。謂水田爲田。火田爲畑。猶我國以水田爲畓也。故官名有畠山殿。地名有畑島云。 --> # [[/Shinto FAQ with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%81%93%E5%95%8F%E5%B0%8D 眞道問對 本田親徳 really good way of operationalising 乎 and much of the early grammar. 問 天帝無始無終乎。 對 天帝無始無終也。 旣以無始無終之力 與無始無終之體 造無始無終之萬物。 其功亦無始無終也。 問 天地大原在道乎。 對 天地大原實在道。 鬼神依道而立。 人民依道而活。 萬物依道而息。 This is great! ---> <!--- Some cool stuff I saw someone studying from https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B3%E6%BD%AD%E8%A8%98# https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%88%9F%E8%A8%98 Could be used for period focus ---> ===Unit 2: An Overview of Sinitic Poetry=== This unit will teach you how Sinitic Poetry operates; - that is, the way individuals in the Sinosphere compose poetry in Literary Chinese. Despite this language's fall out of favour in the past century, this tradition is still remarkably alive and well, and their short length makes them more accessible than elaborate prose. In this unit, you will begin from the ''Classic of Poetry'' before travelling through poems from the Tang dynasty, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, the Ryukyu Kingdom, and Korea. When introducing poetry, I will furthermore use the language from the nation it is from to show how it is recited by its people. After discussing the Classic of Poetry, we will also be a small detour into a discussion on Ping-Ze 平仄, the Tang dynasty system of alternating tones, so to produce rhyme on tonal and phonological levels. This had a major impact on Literary Chinese poetry as a whole! By the end of this Unit, students will: * Recognise around 120 more characters. * Be able to explain how Sinitic Poetry rhymes and the themes it contains. * Be able to use function words such as 在, 無, 不, 聿, and 于/於 in poetic contexts. * Recognise the switch between 吾/我 in the subject-object positions and demonstrate it in usage. * (Chinese speakers) Be able to differentiate 于 and 於, and understand the "interest(ed) in" meaning of 好 in most circumstances. <!--- Summary of the above part about 于 and 於 for other editors: 于 and 於 were distinct words for an extremely long time and were still such to Literary Chinese writers. Their "merging" through Simplified-Traditional Chinese distinctions is a very modern thing. I will summarise their usages here, using Pulleyblank's Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar (2000); * 于 - This can mean "to go" or "to/at". 黃鳥于飛 "The yellow birds go flying". Must be post-verbal. It can also appear in 至于. * 於 - This is an all-purpose locative preposition - from "on/at/in" to "from" or even "than" (甲於乙). The implication of motion is not there at all. Must be pre-verbal. It can also appear in 之於 or be an archaic noun for a crow 於 (烏). ---> Lessons: # [[/Across the Rivers with Emperor Puliuru Guang/]] <!--- 春江花月夜·楊廣 夜露含花氣，春潭漾月暉。 漢水逢遊女，湘川值二妃。 This is really simple and can elucidate Ping-Ze easily. ---> # [[/To Study the Odes/]] <!-- 蟋蟀·姬旦 國風·唐風 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其莫。今我不樂，日月其除。無已大康，職思其居。好樂無荒，良士瞿瞿。 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其逝。今我不樂，日月其邁。無已大康，職思其外。好樂無荒，良士蹶蹶。 蟋蟀在堂，役車其休。今我不樂，日月其慆。無已大康，職思其憂。好樂無荒，良士休休。 --> <!-- 黃鳥 小雅·鴻鴈之什 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于穀，無啄我粟。 此邦之人，不我肯穀。言旋言歸，復我邦族。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于桑，無啄我粱。 此邦之人，不可與明。言旋言歸，復我諸兄。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于栩，無啄我黍。 此邦之人，不可與處。言旋言歸，復我諸父。 --> # [[/A Detour into Orthodox Ping-Ze/]] <!--- 平 and 仄 are useful characters themselves. Show 仄 in the binomes 反仄，歉仄，逼仄 as it's often difficult to immediately use ---> # [[/The Restraint of Du Fu/]] # [[/The Longing of Li Bai/]] # [[/The Environment with Bukha Timur/]] <!--- 西湖竹枝詞·布哈特穆爾 湖上春歸人未歸，桃紅柳緑黄鶯飛。 桃花落時多結子，楊花落處秪沾衣。 宫词·布哈特穆爾 玉樓珠箔晚天涼，秋色依稀滿建章。 金井梧桐霜葉盡，自隨流水出宮牆。 Mongol writer from the Uyghur Kingdom of Gaochang Spammed Ctrl+F in https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E9%81%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%9D%E8%A9%A9_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC) ---> # [[/Pillow Talk with Guan Yunshi/]] <!--- 紅繡鞋·貫雲石 挨著靠著雲窗同坐，偎著抱著月枕雙歌，聽著數著愁著怕著早四更過。四更過情未足，情未足夜如梭。天哪，更閏一更兒妨甚么！ Uyghur author! ---> # [[/Buddhist Philosophy with Ngô Chân Lưu and Taisei Shōan/]] <!-- 元火·吳真流 木中元有火，元火復還生。 若為木無火，鉆燧何有萌。--> <!-- 杜鵑·大成聖安 夢覚孤床静 杜鵑帯雨飛 一声来近枕 何者不沾衣 --> # [[/Odes with Mō Taiei and Zheng Chengxun/]] <!-- 詠松·毛泰永 植體宜千仞，垂陰動百尋。 李膺真烈烈，和嶠自森森。 桃李何堪較，雪霜安得侵。 萬年身不老，種子又成林。 AKA Inoha Seiki 伊野波 盛紀 --> <!-- 詠班蘭·鄭成勛 南國多芳草，班蘭最有名。 深根將綠茁，長葉亦叢生。 取味迎賓合，入厨任水烹。 可憐經一用，擲棄不留情。 鄭成勛《樵隱詩集》 https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/dsprojects/sg-jiutishi/poem/827 --> # [[/On a Journey with Sa Dula/]] <!--- 無題·薩都剌 為客三年海上洲，故鄉何處瘴雲稠。 數千里外蠻人域，十八灘頭過客舟。 時有山禽呼姓字，或從海鳥作朋儔。 故人珂珮周旋處，紫殿風清十二樓。 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%A1%8C_(%E8%96%A9%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C) A naturalised Mongol scholar who made a beautiful poem. This'll be a capstone. ---> <!--- 朝中措·襄陽古道灞陵橋 襄陽古道灞陵橋，詩興與秋高。 千古風流人物，一時多少雄豪。 霜清玉塞，雲飛隴首，風落江皋。 夢到鳳凰台上，山圍故國周遭。 北郊晚步 陂水荷凋晚，茅檐燕去涼。 遠林明落景，平麓淡秋光。 群牧歸村巷，孤禽立野航。 自諳閑散樂，園圃意尤長。 Jurchen poet and grandson of Emperor Shizong of Jin. He's a Zen Buddhist, so we'll go back to him later. ---> ===Unit 3: Confucianism and the World=== This is a Confucian-themed unit with a smattering of other items. You will see the odd geography of the past, early linguistic philosophy, and terrifying breakaway states! By the end of this unit, students should be able to: * Recognise around 200+ characters. * Read basic annals and histories with some dictionary assistance, and comprehend 3-character structures reliably. * Have encountered basic grammatical points such as 之、乎、者、也、而、則、乃、所、以、於、于、與、且、蓋、and 夫. ** 於 and 于 should be distinguishable. * Survive a text of at least 250 characters and read for gist. Lessons: # [[/A Brief Overview of Confucianism/]] # [[/The Mountains with Yelü Tuyu/]] <!--- 立木海上刻詩 耶律圖欲 / 耶律倍 / 李贊華 小山壓大山，大山全無力。 羞見故鄉人，從此投外國。 ---> # [[/Is a White Horse a Horse?/]]<!-- Teach negation with 非 in 公孙龍子 and compare with 不 --> # [[/The Three Character Classic/]] # [[/Expressing Filial Conduct with Confucius and Hara Saihin/]] <!-- 次韻杏坪先生 父執有君孤不孤 相依遍接搢紳徒 区区自抱地方寸 杏杏重遊天一隅 羇雁飛鳴迷汝國 家人思夢入江都 如教志業青年遂 世上寧無逐臭夫 --> # [[/Confucianism and the Environment with Sai On/]]<!-- 木假山記 --> # [[/In Debate with Mencius/]] ===Unit 4: Women's Writing=== In this unit, women's writing from various areas of China will be explored. This is chiefly targeted at poetry and the themes within; from the feminine voice of the Classic of Poetry to the remonstrance towards the Khitan Emperor Tianzuo of Jin by his Consort Dasese. The role of women in courtly society is to be elucidated here! # [[/An Unmarried Life with Heo Nansŏrhŏn/]] <!--- 貧女吟 豈是乏容色。工鍼復工織。 少小長寒門。良媒不相識。 夜久織未休。戛戛鳴寒機。 機中一匹練。終作阿誰衣。 手把金翦刀。夜寒十指直。 爲人作嫁衣。年年還獨宿。 ---> # [[/Responding to Lord Trần with Hồ Xuân Hương/]] <!--- Responding to 陳光靜 Trần Quang Tĩnh 《和陳侯》 愧無才調使人驚，十載風塵貫耳鈴。 已是臨枰知敵手，莫須敲月苦殫精。 為輪為彈隨遭遇，誰鳳誰鶯任賦生。 造物於人何苟惜，明珠休向暗中呈。 莫須 is an important structure to teach here. ---> # [[/Gaze into the Autumn Night with Taisei Shōan/]] <!--- 秋夜偶成·大成聖安 長天浮爽気，月色興無窮 群犬吠山径，百蟲啼野風 悲秋秋夜永，感古古今同 自是孤窓下，凄然万慮空 ---> # [[/Visiting a Temple with Yu Xuanji/]] <!--- 遊崇真觀南樓覩新及第題名處 雲峰滿目放春晴，歷歷銀鈎指下生。 自恨羅衣掩詩句，擧頭空羨榜中名。 ---> # [[/Remonstrance with Dasese/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AB%B7%E8%AB%AB%E6%AD%8C 諷諫歌·大瑟瑟 勿嗟塞上兮暗紅塵。 勿傷多難兮畏夷人。 不如塞奸邪之路兮選取賢臣。 直須臥薪嚐膽兮激壯士之捐身。 可以朝清漠北兮夕枕燕雲。 Dasese (or 萧瑟瑟) was a Khitan consort to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao. She remonstrated him as the Jurchens were beginning to encroach upon the Khitan, and was forced to commit suicide for her remonstrance. Tianzuo would soon pay for his malfeasance. ---> # [[/The Love Songs of the Odes/]] <!--- 褰裳 子惠思我，褰裳涉溱。子不我思，豈無他人？狂童之狂也且！ 子惠思我，褰裳涉洧。子不我思，豈無他士？狂童之狂也且！ 柏舟 彼柏舟，在彼中河，髧彼兩髦，實維我儀，之死矢靡它，母也天只，不諒人只。 汎彼柏舟，在彼河側，髧彼兩髦，實維我特，之死矢靡慝，母也天只，不諒人只。 行露 厭浥行露，豈不夙夜，謂行多露。 誰謂雀無角？何以穿我屋？誰謂女無家？何以速我獄？雖速我獄，室家不足。 誰謂鼠無牙？何以穿我墉？誰謂女無家？何以速我訟？雖速我訟，亦不女從。 ---> # [[/Rules for Women with Ban Zhao/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%AA%A1 ---> # [[/The Tragedy of Cai Wenji/]] <!--- 悲憤詩 〔兩漢〕蔡文姬 漢季失權柄，董卓亂天常。 志欲圖篡弒，先害諸賢良。 逼迫遷舊邦，擁主以自強。 海內興義師，欲共討不祥。 卓眾來東下，金甲耀日光。 平土人脆弱，來兵皆胡羌。 獵野圍城邑，所向悉破亡。 斬截無孑遺，屍骸相撐拒。 馬邊懸男頭，馬後載婦女。 長驅西入關，迥路險且阻。 還顧邈冥冥，肝脾為爛腐。 所略有萬計，不得令屯聚。 或有骨肉俱，欲言不敢語。 失意幾微間，輒言斃降虜。 要當以亭刃，我曹不活汝。 豈復惜性命，不堪其詈罵。 或便加棰杖，毒痛參並下。 旦則號泣行，夜則悲吟坐。 欲死不能得，欲生無一可。 彼蒼者何辜，乃遭此厄禍。 邊荒與華異，人俗少義理。 處所多霜雪，胡風春夏起。 翩翩吹我衣，肅肅入我耳。 感時念父母，哀嘆無窮已。 有客從外來，聞之常歡喜。 迎問其消息，輒復非鄉里。 邂逅徼時願，骨肉來迎己。 己得自解免，當復棄兒子。 天屬綴人心，念別無會期。 存亡永乖隔，不忍與之辭。 兒前抱我頸，問母欲何之。 人言母當去，豈復有還時。 阿母常仁惻，今何更不慈。 我尚未成人，奈何不顧思。 見此崩五內，恍惚生狂痴。 號泣手撫摩，當發復回疑。 兼有同時輩，相送告離別。 慕我獨得歸，哀叫聲摧裂。 馬為立踟躕，車為不轉轍。 觀者皆噓唏，行路亦嗚咽。 去去割情戀，遄征日遐邁。 悠悠三千里，何時復交會。 念我出腹子，匈臆為摧敗。 既至家人盡，又復無中外。 城廓為山林，庭宇生荊艾。 白骨不知誰，縱橫莫覆蓋。 出門無人聲，豺狼號且吠。 煢煢對孤景，怛吒糜肝肺。 登高遠眺望，魂神忽飛逝。 奄若壽命盡，旁人相寬大。 為復強視息，雖生何聊賴。 託命於新人，竭心自勖勵。 流離成鄙賤，常恐復捐廢。 人生幾何時，懷憂終年歲。 ---> ===Unit 5: Myths and Legends of East Asia=== <!--- Shanhaijing, Zibuyu... Etc. Zhiguai literature. This aims to provide a counterpoint to what Confucius wouldn't discuss - thus Zibuyu. Going straight into Daoism isn't ideal. ---> # [[/Exploring the World of Mountains and Seas/]]<!-- Structure: 出焉 --> # [[/Oh, the Qilin!/]] <!--- Even here, the odes can be studied! ---> # [[/Ultimate Justice with Xiezhi/]] # [[/The Virtue of the Fenghuang/]] # [[/The Entrapment of Hua Po/]] # [[/Nüwa Created the World/]] ===Unit 6: Nation Focus - Japan=== # [[/The Inariyama Sword/]] <!--- short and sweet! ---> # [[/Entering Japan with Takeda Shingen/]] <!--- 便面蘆間有漁·武田信玄 山色水光烟接天，漁翁江上棹蘆辺 丹青若写得勝景，万里風波一釣船 便面半月照梅花·武田信玄 蘆葦清風垂頂絲，窺魚白鷺水生涯 江南記得曾遊夕，似見梨花院落時 島森哲男. (2015). 武田信玄漢詩校釈. 宮城教育大学紀要, 49, 333–352. https://mue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/440 似 is a really useful thing to teach early on. ---> # [[/The Oldest Inscription in Japan/]] <!--- 宇治橋断碑 ---> # [[/Remembering Conflict with Nakajima Noburu/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/6faa4d3e57a24e542db0375894f0ead5503218bb ---> # [[/Shinto Teachings with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%9F 本田親徳 道之大原 ---> # [[/The Diary of Fujiwara no Teika/]] <!--- 明月記 ---> # [[/Reading the History of Japan with Prince Toneri/]] <!--- 日本書記, etc. ---> <!--- # [[/Occupying Taiwan/]] ---> <!--- I have some colonial literature on me that can be used here. ---> ===Unit 7: Nation Focus - Korea=== <!--- 三國史記 for sure! ---> <!--- 放蟬賦 by Yi Kyubo ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%A0%A4%E9%BD%8B%E9%81%BA%E7%A8%BF 頤齋遺稿 黃胤錫 Joseon scholar! ---> # [[/An Elegy to the Empress with Choe Ja/]] <!--- Choe Ja 元德大后輓詞·崔滋（최자） 乾極曾客配,坤儀正體元。 枕前朝聖主,帳底見曾孫。 陰慘俄沉月,屋悲便沒軒。 三韓千古淚,七十九年恩。 ---> # [[/Language Reform with Sejong the Great/]] <!--- 訓民正音 https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/1ef2b42cc50055affaa5ef39c61b87ed31c34a60 multiple poems and descriptive terms, possibly the best capstone ---> ===Unit 8: Christian Literature=== # [[/A Different Three Character Classic with Hong Xiuquan/]] # [[/Friar Juan Cobo's Veritable Record/]] <!--- One of few texts from the Philippines that I have ever found! https://bnedigital.bne.es/bd/en/viewer?id=0160187c-9d9b-4f34-84d6-bc03fd310c69 ---> # [[/The Delegate's Edition/]] # [[/Nestorian Steles during the Tang/]] <!--- 大秦景教宣元至本經經幢 and 景教碑 ---> # [[/Hong Xiuquan's Bible/]] <!--- https://bible.fhl.net/ob/nob.html?book=407 ---> <!--- I don't want to focus too much on Hong Xiuquan here, so look for more material, especially from missionaries. ---> ===Unit 9: An Introduction to Daoism=== <!--- And now back to your regularly scheduled Zhuangzi/Laozi/Liezi. But with more interesting stuff. Trust! ---> # [[/Laozi Explains the Dao/]] <!--- 道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無欲，以觀其妙；常有欲，以觀其徼。此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。I can expect learners to recognise the stuff here. ---> # [[/Qingtan with Xie Daoyun/]] <!--- 謝道韞; mentioned in the sanzijing. could be good! 《泰山吟·謝道韞》 峩峩東嶽高，秀極衝青天。 巖中間虛宇，寂寞幽以玄。 非工復非匠，雲構發自然。 器象爾何物，遂令我屢遷。 逝將宅斯宇，可以盡天年。 《拟嵇中散咏松诗·謝道韞》 遙望山上松，隆冬不能凋。 願想遊不憩，瞻彼萬仞條。 騰躍未能升，頓足俟王喬。 時哉不我與，大運所飄遙。 ---> # [[/The Doubting Neighbour/]] # [[/Kuafu Chases the Sun/]] # [[/The Frog in a Well/]] # [[/Wu wei with King Hui of Liang/]] # [[/The Old Man that Moves the Mountains/]] # [[/Master Zhuang Dreams of Butterflies/]] <!--- Currently very stereotypical, but there's stuff to work with at least. Need to include those weird Daoist characters among other things. ---> ===Unit 10: Nation Focus - Ryukyu Kingdom=== # [[/Historical Annals with Sai On/]] <!--- Kyuko is an easy cop ---> # [[/The Enthronement of Shō Tei/]] <!--- 康熙二十二年封王尚貞敕 皇帝敕諭琉球國中山王世子尚貞：惟爾遠處海隅，虔修職貢；屬在塚嗣，序應承祧。以朝命未膺，罔敢專擅；恪遵典制，奉表請封。朕念爾世守臣節，忠誠可嘉！特遣正使翰林院檢討汪楫、副使內閣中書舍人加一級林麟焻，齎敕封爾為琉球國中山王，並賜爾及妃文幣等物。爾祗承寵眷，懋紹先猷；輯和臣民，慎固封守：用安宗社於苞桑，永作天家之屏翰。欽哉，毋替朕命！故諭。 Teach imperial edicts. Consider seeing if there's a letter of acceptance from Shō Tei. Recorded in 琉球國志略 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=966326 ---> # [[/The Twilight of Ryukyu with Shō Ten/]] <!--- 神田酒樓街燈 尚典 酒樓今秋設芳筵， 一望街燈燦燦連。 烟氣引來通柱上， 光爭星月照神田。 ---> # [[/A Trip to Ryukyu with Luo Sen/]] <!--- Pre-Capstone ---> <!--- 遐邇貫珍 1854-11 - 日本日記 羅森 https://archive.org/details/HEKC185411/page/n5/mode/1up A solid description of Ryukyu cultural customs in Volume 11. Absolutely incredible. 日三日火船直向東北而駛出了臺灣之外幾日不見天涯是時北風大作波浪沖天火船亦甚飄蕩而不能立見有沙鷗隨風而逐浪心直駛七日漸見小山而到琉球琉球一國長闊一百七十五里其國城在地球圖緯線赤道之北二十六度十四分經線中華北京偏東十一度二十四分自明以來世封王爵叨列藩籬其處土產不過蔬菜番薯菜油黑糖等類人民束髻大補是穿草履男女粧飾頭上祇插一簪二簪為別故少年之男女瞥目則無異及其壯也皆留鬚髯故街上長鬚之人甚多甲寅正月初一予上岸遊玩見街上兒童甚多分以銅錢各極歡喜人民亦甚謙恭民居間亦貼新春聯于門外但不見有別等繁華之事那霸有寺寺內有園是名家世宦之墳所以石刊刻姓名年號于碑上每日道人打掃供奉生花樹葉于墓前另有人家祖墳與中國之明塚無異峰巒之上樹木多植民房則以蠻石圍墻內以茅草結屋而居佳物椅棹俱無惟以草蓆屈膝而坐對火盆而吹煙民間亦有識中國言語字墨者 不張舖店惟有墟塲男不貿易婦女為之以貨易貨而外方之金銀弗尚焉然而百姓亦甚畏官長飲食亦甚粗粕甘守樸儉不務奢華亦鮮欺詐板門紙窓夜間亦不防竊曾見途中撿物亦能以返原人公門之內冷冷落落並無案牘之煩淳樸之風畧有同于上古之世我等外國之欲買什物須言于官官為代辦正月初六提督被理衛廉士等一班將官布列威嚴與予乘轎至王宮總理大臣尚宏勳為主席布政大夫馬良才為知客享宴甚豐食物多與中國無異宴後各官皆饋有紙扇烟包布帛等項是物雖粗此亦世子之恭敬外國故亞國亦以禮物而返贈之世子王宮離岸三里在于山頂是名守禮將至其宮一路亦有樹木石牌坊宮室亦甚寬大幽雅垣局可觀其處多栽鳳尾草森樹等類以障陰山邊田土樹藝五穀近海沙田水漲之後人收其沙以煎鹽此時明月當圓予覽山川亦足見一方之風景 ---> <!--- 中山世鑑 and so on. Lots of poetry too. ---> ===Unit 11: Nation Focus - Singapore=== <!--- National Library of Singapore has a poetry series that's super good! ---> ===Unit 12: Literary Chinese in Medicine=== <!--- do not endorse the medical practices discussed in these...make sure to link back to the heavenly stems here as they are associated with specific body parts. ---> # [[/Deviant Qi with Zhang Congzheng/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%84%92%E9%96%80%E4%BA%8B%E8%A6%AA ---> # [[/Anatomy with Sugita Genpaku/]] <!--- 解体新書 ---> ===Unit 13: People Focus - Zhuang peoples=== <!--- https://mooc1.chaoxing.com/mooc-ans/ztnodedetailcontroller/visitnodedetail?courseId=84745403&knowledgeId=84745463&_from_=&_fromV2_=&rtag= 《峤西诗钞》 is also a really good shout. ---> <!--- Basically, there are Zhuang and Tangut peoples who wrote in Literary Chinese, and their inclusion here is to show that even those who made their own scripts would use this tongue. 张鸿翮 imported the character 朴 to describe a bug, for example. ---> # [[/Zhuang poetry with Zhang Honghe/]] <!--- https://wenyi.gmw.cn/2024-06/25/content_37398911.htm 一是忠实记录了汉诗创作与古壮字交融的文化现象。清代壮族诗人张鸿翮（hé）《大塘谣》（《峤西诗钞》卷二）云： 去了休。去到大塘红蓼洲。红蓼生花，不结子。绿朴生花，毬见毬。 诗中所说“绿朴”，是壮族对柚子的惯称。“柚子”，壮语发音为“bug”。根据《古壮字字典》，其对应的古壮字为“朴（㭪）”。诗人将古壮字运用到汉文诗歌创作中，刻下了明清壮汉文化交相辉映的注脚。 This sort of thing is why Zhuang and Tangut inclusion is important, as they show how flexible Literary Chinese can be. ---> <!--- Possible Jurchen/Khitan focus? 耶律楚材 - Served 窝阔台, 玄風慶會錄 is short and respectable enough to work with. ---> ===Unit 14: People Focus - Tangut peoples=== <!--- 羅福萇 and 羅振玉 wrote studies on Western Xia / Tangut script. Look for poets and stuff. ---> ===Unit 15: Literary Chinese in the Military=== <!--- Real Sun Zi hours! 7 Military Classics are an obvious shout, but look for more stuff too. ---> # [[/Going to war with Boyan/]] <!--- Boyan's Poem from the 元史 　　伯顏，蒙古巴林部人。至元十一年拜中書左丞相，總兵伐宋。官至開府儀同三司，薨贈太師，封淮安王，諡忠武。 　　《玉堂嘉話》：初，宋未下時，江南謠云：「江南若破，白雁來過。」當時莫喻其意。及宋亡，蓋知指丞相巴延也。 　　過梅嶺岡留題 馬首經從庾嶺回 【 庾嶺回　七修類稿（乾隆刊本）卷四十六作「嶺島歸」。】 ，王師到處悉平夷。擔頭不帶江南物，只插梅花一兩枝。 　　《七修類藳》：伯顏下江南，過金陵梅嶺岡詩云云。所以著名，亦有是善。 ---> # [[/An Edict from the Xianbei/]] <!--- 教義詔 楊廣 武有七德，先之以安民。政有六本，興之以教義。高麗高元，虧失藩禮，將欲問罪遼左，恢宣勝略。雖懷伐國，仍事省方。今往涿郡，巡撫民俗。其河北諸郡及山西、山東年九十已上者，版授太守；八十者，授縣令。 ---> # [[/The Suppression of the Kingdom of Dongning/]] <!--- 台灣鄭氏始末 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=139938 Largely a record of wars in Dongning rather than anything about the trade etc, so it fits here. ---> # [[/The Shunzhi Emperor vs Li Zicheng/]] <!--- 順治帝 告示 逆酋李自成已於通城斃命，各地鄉勇務隨我軍剿殺逆賊殘餘,凡有斬獲逆酋及擒獲逆酋交我軍者，一經驗證，按軍功論級給賞，必以示我朝皇恩浩蕩。 大清順治二年五月二十四日 恩詔 今月何日，為國曆改歲之履端,即為永昌書元之紀念？緬惟我朝民眾，三元肇慶，四始發祥。陳椒酒以飛觴，躋堂介壽；換桃符以獻歲，辟戶書新。翹望德容，河勝額手。今山河如舊，歲序更新;今天下同春，咸頒麗澤。願我朝君臣與萬民同樂，共沐化日光天，方不虛度韶華。 永昌二年新正初一 There's probably better choices here. Review. ---> ===Unit 16: Nation Focus - Vietnam=== <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/cfe6700e01f6fd59616a375d31aa8cd096677be1 this first ---> # [[/Ancestor Veneration with the Descendants of Zhu Xi/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/tree/main/corpus%2F%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%2Fclean somewhere in here ---> # [[/Spreading Revolutionary Consciousness with Phan Bội Châu and Liang Qichao/]] <!--- 越南亡國史 Possibly the most important text in Vietnamese history, not even gonna lie. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2 ---> # [[/Academia in Literary Chinese between East and West/]] <!--- 南風雜誌 is a massive shout here. Absolutely amazing series. ---> ===Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae=== <!--- 永樂大典 will teach how to infer from gaps in texts! 《編類》 is an incredibly interesting essay from here that can bring up the odes and Confucius's「思無邪」quote. It can prepare students for the wrath of Qing academia later. ---> # [[/The History of Liao, Jin, and Song with Toqto'a/]] <!--- 脱脱 ---> # [[/Two Years in the Forbidden City with Yu Deling/]] <!--- 清宮禁二年記 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%AE%AE%E7%A6%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%A8%98 ---> # [[/Excerpts from a Modern History of the Da Shun/]] <!--- Fair Use of a 2010 book written in Literary Chinese about the Da Shun dynasty. Limit to 500 characters, if that. Use to encourage recognition of Simplified variants and modern Wenyanwen. ---> # [[/Documenting the World with Terajima/]] <!--- 和漢三才図会 寺島良安, built off 三才圖會 ---> ===Unit 18: Buddhist Literature=== <!--- You would be forgiven for wondering why this is so late, but if you look at many classical Buddhist texts you'll quickly see a ton of loanwords that make it significantly more difficult to read than the average text. Thus, it goes here for now. Look at Japan's 五山文学 ---> # [[/Dipping your feet in with Wenyan Shu/]] <!--- 華亭 世尊遺法本忘言，教外別傳意已圓。 只履攜將蔥嶺去，不妨來上月明船。 ---> # [[/The Seven Tathagatas/]] <!--- 南無寶勝如來 南無多寶如來 南無妙色身如來 南無廣博身如來 南無離怖畏如來 南無甘露王如來 南無阿彌陀佛 Use to introduce some core vocabulary in repetitive manner. Useful phrases from my trip to Jing'an Temple 南無本師釋迦牟尼佛 - Pay homage to the root teacher 南無大悲觀世音菩薩 - Pay homage to the goddess of mercy 廣種福田 - widely plant a meritorious field ---> # [[/Two Buddhist Temples in Shanghai/]] <!--- 留雲禪寺 雲留雲翔領畧幾許禪機此地有雲散天開真如界。 塔內塔外普示無邊圓覺是故曰塔影雙照解脫門。 歲次壬午冬月吉旦。 覺醒敬撰。 楊胡生沐手恭書。 善信印利明敬獻。 ---> <!--- 福慧宝鼎 慧明大和尚 赤烏古剎 建寺一千七百六十周年紀念 古剎三國建 滬瀆有重玄 石佛音淨現 聖跡顯重元 唐時稱永泰 宋敕名靜安 聖祖留佛闡 仲師移伽藍 元收八景偈 明鑄鐘聲梵 清樹化羅漢 選賢十方讚 佛日普光明 福慧共修善 鼎運昌隆際 轉正法輪緣 歲次丁亥住持慧明監製 ---> # [[/Foreseeing Monkhood with Yi Xing/]] <!--- 看命一掌金 ---> # [[/A Trip to Western Xia with Zhi Guang and Hui Zhen/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%91%AA%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%92%92%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> # [[/Jizang's Three Discourses/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%AB%96%E7%8E%84%E7%BE%A9 ---> <!--- I saw these texts being quoted and thus should consider them in some capacity. 《般若波羅蜜多心經》 《金剛般若波羅蜜經》 《一切智光明仙人慈心因緣不食肉經》 《妙法蓮華經》 《大般涅槃經》 《大方等大集經》 《大毘盧舍那成佛神變加持經蓮華胎藏悲生曼荼羅廣大成就儀軌供養方便會》/ 胎藏曼荼羅 《佛說救拔焰口餓鬼陀羅尼經》 《雜阿含經》 ---> ===Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples=== # [[/Qing dynasty Poetry with Nara Singde/]] <!--- 飲水詞 納蘭性德 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%B7 ---> # [[/Amassing Words with the Kangxi Emperor/]] <!--- Kangxi Dictionary Abstract - https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8 ---> # [[/Amassing Literature with the Qianlong Emperor/]] <!--- Siku Quanshu abstract https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE%E6%8F%90%E8%A6%81 ---> <!--- Yongzheng Emperor's Poetry https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D 《和碩怡賢親王祭文》 Also include 滿洲國 stuff to show the fall of the Qing and attempts to preserve it through becoming a Japanese puppet state. It is important to show how Literary Chinese can be misused as well. 滿洲國建國宣言 is a good shout, as is 法制 to prepare students who may be interested in Taiwan legal stuff later down the road. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E6%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B ---> ===Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature=== <!--- many writers here, will be difficult to sift through. Include 四库全書 abstracts and stuff here. ---> # [[/Jewish Refugees in Shanghai/]] <!--- Show passports, certificates, etc, from the Jewish Refugee Museum, anonymised. ---> # [[/A Literary Chinese Abstract/]] <!--- Abstracts from siku quanshu, probably want others ---> # [[/Lament with Lu Ruoteng/]] <!--- 《疑猜》盧若騰，東寧國 盟誓變為交質子，春秋戰國風如此；末世上下相疑猜, 更質妻子防逃徙。 此法只可羈庸奴，若遇梟雄術窮矣；妻可再娶子再育, 安能長坐針氈裏。 我贈一法君記存；推心置腹人知恩；眾人畜之眾人報, 幾個國士在君門。 盧若騰撰，陳漢光編輯，《島噫詩》，臺灣文獻叢刊第二四五種（臺北:臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1968年）21頁。 ---> # [[/Common Linguistics Knowledge in the RoC/]] <!--- 音韻常識 ---> ==References used for this page== * Yang, B. (2016). 文言语法 [Literary Chinese Grammar] (1st ed). 中华书局 [Zhonghua Book Company]. ISBN: 978-7-101-11619-9 * Priestley, K. E., & Shou-jung, C. (1962). China’s Men of Letters, Yesterday and Today. Dragonfly Books. {{BookCat}} 367p2z36lbhqarv73l4u7int32vttl8 4634445 4634443 2026-05-06T14:55:18Z Shira the Mogul 3560559 /* Unit 18: Buddhist Literature */ 4634445 wikitext text/x-wiki __notoc__ Welcome to the Wikibook for Literary Chinese (Known as 漢文 "Han Language" in East Asia or 文言 "Literary Language" in China), aimed at individuals hoping to gain a general knowledge of it before progressing into genres they wish to be acquainted with. This is not the [[Classical Chinese]] textbook, which is aimed at Chinese Zhou-Qin era texts. This text aims to shed light on post-Zhou-Qin texts across East Asia, which mimic those texts. It does so through a "buffet" approach, showering you, the reader, with an ocean of texts of myriad genre. ==Table of Contents== === Front matter === * [[/Introduction/]] * [[/Appendices/]] === Useful resources === These are quick grab-bags that can be useful for vocabulary-building. * [[/Antonym List/]] <!--- 文/武，大/小，厚/薄，橫/縱...---> * [[/Collocation Groups/]] <!--- e.g. 四象，三靈…… ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等 Yan Fu's Qing-era translations for modern terms] <!--- Wikiversity has this (https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等) and the below, I will effectively be translating a lot of it! ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/上古語考輯 Communicative Terms] <!--- this will be translated eventually, but right now it's bad to just leave this here. ---> === Useful primers === Across history, many primers have been made for teaching Literary Chinese to children. These are a few that are recommended for use alongside this work, ideally in flashcards. * [https://www.fdgwz.org.cn/Web/Show/11308 倉頡篇] - Cangjie's Chapters, the earliest one. It is extant, but incomplete. It contains several rare characters, and so if used, I would personally recommend doing so later, or out of interest. * 三字經 - The Three Character Classic, an excellent piece for Confucian education. Pair with 弟子规 for best results. ** 三字經（太平天國版）- For Christians, there is a version made by Hong Xiuquan from the Taiping Rebellion. Despite the context, it is a legitimately useful primer and can be used to self-teach for the Delegate's Edition of the Christian Bible. * 千字文 - The Thousand Character Classic, a remarkable piece of constrained writing that only uses each character once. Amazing for building vocabulary whilst seeing historical allusions and the like. * 五字鑑 - The Five-Character Mirror, essentially the 24 Histories of China compressed into a primer. Uses 5-character couplets, the longest in this list. * 龍文鞭影 - The Shadow of Longwen's Whip, a historical allusion trainer. Best paired with a context piece. ===Unit 0: The Han script=== This unit is intended for those with no familiarity of the Han script. It will prepare you for the units ahead, teaching largely pictographic characters. By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around 30 characters. * Understand how characters are composed and how this gives them meaning. * Have a basic idea of how to handwrite and/or type characters. * Know some bare basics of Literary Chinese grammar (e.g. Basic word order, where adjectives go, lack of "is", 有...) Lessons: # [[/An Introduction to the Han Script/]] # [[/People, Big and Small/]] # [[/What are Chinese characters, anyway?/]] <!--- deploy several single-radical texts---> # [[/How do we write Chinese?/]] # [[/Tilling the Fields with 有/]] # [[/The Sun and the Moon/]] # [[/Weapons and Metals/]] # [[/Recognizing Phonetics/]] <!--- time to deploy my one-syllable articles! ---> # [[/Cangjie Created Characters/]] ===Unit 1: Basic Skills=== This unit is intended for those with minimal familiarity with the Han script and no familiarity with Literary Chinese. There is a focus on simple structures, skills for dissecting common textual structures, and short-form poetry in this unit. Before starting this unit, students should: * Recognise around ~30 characters. * Can use Cangjie input. * Have given Unit 0 a cursory glance. <br> By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around ~100 characters. * Comprehend numbers, the Heavenly Stems, and the Earthly Branches, and be able to use them to quantify time and date. * Intuit the basic topic -> comment idea behind Literary Chinese. "This, it is..." * Understand basic function words such as 也, 而, 有, and 謂. Lessons: # [[/The All-Purpose 也/]] # [[/An Introduction to Chinese Numbers/]] <!--- It is hard to find authentic materials for this ---> # [[/One, Two, Left, and Right with Gongsun Long/]] <!--- 曰：「二有一乎？」 曰：「二無一。」 曰：「二有右乎？」 曰：「二無右。」 曰：「二有左乎？」 曰：「二無左。」 曰：「右可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左與右可謂二乎？」 曰：「可。」 ---> # [[/The Heavenly Stems/]] <!--- Introduce ordinals, which will be used to demonstrate sentence patterns later. ---> # [[/Tell the Time with Earthly Branches/]] <!--- Introduce verbs and timekeeping ---> # [[/Lunar Dates with the Spring and Autumn Annals/]] <!--- Vocabulary: 歲，年，朔，月，日，來，前，初，正，春秋夏冬，曆，上，下. Consider including traditional names for months in a list. ---> # [[/Skimming for Major Events in Historical Annals/]] <!--- Don't simply use Confucius's Chunqiu: We can use texts inspired by it. E.g. 三國史記 - 十五年京城旱。秋七月，蝗。very few new characters, lots one can use. Instantly able to use. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B701 Skimming annals is very possible and a very useful skill. Don't skip out on it. Teach students to skim read!!! ---> # [[/Dinner with the Daimyo/]] <!-- 侍宴·大友皇子 皇明光日月，帝徳載天地。 三才併秦昌，万国表臣義。 --> # [[/In Discourse with Jibong/]] <!-- 芝峰類說 倭國謂田爲畠。謂水田爲田。火田爲畑。猶我國以水田爲畓也。故官名有畠山殿。地名有畑島云。 --> # [[/Shinto FAQ with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%81%93%E5%95%8F%E5%B0%8D 眞道問對 本田親徳 really good way of operationalising 乎 and much of the early grammar. 問 天帝無始無終乎。 對 天帝無始無終也。 旣以無始無終之力 與無始無終之體 造無始無終之萬物。 其功亦無始無終也。 問 天地大原在道乎。 對 天地大原實在道。 鬼神依道而立。 人民依道而活。 萬物依道而息。 This is great! ---> <!--- Some cool stuff I saw someone studying from https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B3%E6%BD%AD%E8%A8%98# https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%88%9F%E8%A8%98 Could be used for period focus ---> ===Unit 2: An Overview of Sinitic Poetry=== This unit will teach you how Sinitic Poetry operates; - that is, the way individuals in the Sinosphere compose poetry in Literary Chinese. Despite this language's fall out of favour in the past century, this tradition is still remarkably alive and well, and their short length makes them more accessible than elaborate prose. In this unit, you will begin from the ''Classic of Poetry'' before travelling through poems from the Tang dynasty, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, the Ryukyu Kingdom, and Korea. When introducing poetry, I will furthermore use the language from the nation it is from to show how it is recited by its people. After discussing the Classic of Poetry, we will also be a small detour into a discussion on Ping-Ze 平仄, the Tang dynasty system of alternating tones, so to produce rhyme on tonal and phonological levels. This had a major impact on Literary Chinese poetry as a whole! By the end of this Unit, students will: * Recognise around 120 more characters. * Be able to explain how Sinitic Poetry rhymes and the themes it contains. * Be able to use function words such as 在, 無, 不, 聿, and 于/於 in poetic contexts. * Recognise the switch between 吾/我 in the subject-object positions and demonstrate it in usage. * (Chinese speakers) Be able to differentiate 于 and 於, and understand the "interest(ed) in" meaning of 好 in most circumstances. <!--- Summary of the above part about 于 and 於 for other editors: 于 and 於 were distinct words for an extremely long time and were still such to Literary Chinese writers. Their "merging" through Simplified-Traditional Chinese distinctions is a very modern thing. I will summarise their usages here, using Pulleyblank's Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar (2000); * 于 - This can mean "to go" or "to/at". 黃鳥于飛 "The yellow birds go flying". Must be post-verbal. It can also appear in 至于. * 於 - This is an all-purpose locative preposition - from "on/at/in" to "from" or even "than" (甲於乙). The implication of motion is not there at all. Must be pre-verbal. It can also appear in 之於 or be an archaic noun for a crow 於 (烏). ---> Lessons: # [[/Across the Rivers with Emperor Puliuru Guang/]] <!--- 春江花月夜·楊廣 夜露含花氣，春潭漾月暉。 漢水逢遊女，湘川值二妃。 This is really simple and can elucidate Ping-Ze easily. ---> # [[/To Study the Odes/]] <!-- 蟋蟀·姬旦 國風·唐風 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其莫。今我不樂，日月其除。無已大康，職思其居。好樂無荒，良士瞿瞿。 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其逝。今我不樂，日月其邁。無已大康，職思其外。好樂無荒，良士蹶蹶。 蟋蟀在堂，役車其休。今我不樂，日月其慆。無已大康，職思其憂。好樂無荒，良士休休。 --> <!-- 黃鳥 小雅·鴻鴈之什 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于穀，無啄我粟。 此邦之人，不我肯穀。言旋言歸，復我邦族。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于桑，無啄我粱。 此邦之人，不可與明。言旋言歸，復我諸兄。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于栩，無啄我黍。 此邦之人，不可與處。言旋言歸，復我諸父。 --> # [[/A Detour into Orthodox Ping-Ze/]] <!--- 平 and 仄 are useful characters themselves. Show 仄 in the binomes 反仄，歉仄，逼仄 as it's often difficult to immediately use ---> # [[/The Restraint of Du Fu/]] # [[/The Longing of Li Bai/]] # [[/The Environment with Bukha Timur/]] <!--- 西湖竹枝詞·布哈特穆爾 湖上春歸人未歸，桃紅柳緑黄鶯飛。 桃花落時多結子，楊花落處秪沾衣。 宫词·布哈特穆爾 玉樓珠箔晚天涼，秋色依稀滿建章。 金井梧桐霜葉盡，自隨流水出宮牆。 Mongol writer from the Uyghur Kingdom of Gaochang Spammed Ctrl+F in https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E9%81%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%9D%E8%A9%A9_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC) ---> # [[/Pillow Talk with Guan Yunshi/]] <!--- 紅繡鞋·貫雲石 挨著靠著雲窗同坐，偎著抱著月枕雙歌，聽著數著愁著怕著早四更過。四更過情未足，情未足夜如梭。天哪，更閏一更兒妨甚么！ Uyghur author! ---> # [[/Buddhist Philosophy with Ngô Chân Lưu and Taisei Shōan/]] <!-- 元火·吳真流 木中元有火，元火復還生。 若為木無火，鉆燧何有萌。--> <!-- 杜鵑·大成聖安 夢覚孤床静 杜鵑帯雨飛 一声来近枕 何者不沾衣 --> # [[/Odes with Mō Taiei and Zheng Chengxun/]] <!-- 詠松·毛泰永 植體宜千仞，垂陰動百尋。 李膺真烈烈，和嶠自森森。 桃李何堪較，雪霜安得侵。 萬年身不老，種子又成林。 AKA Inoha Seiki 伊野波 盛紀 --> <!-- 詠班蘭·鄭成勛 南國多芳草，班蘭最有名。 深根將綠茁，長葉亦叢生。 取味迎賓合，入厨任水烹。 可憐經一用，擲棄不留情。 鄭成勛《樵隱詩集》 https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/dsprojects/sg-jiutishi/poem/827 --> # [[/On a Journey with Sa Dula/]] <!--- 無題·薩都剌 為客三年海上洲，故鄉何處瘴雲稠。 數千里外蠻人域，十八灘頭過客舟。 時有山禽呼姓字，或從海鳥作朋儔。 故人珂珮周旋處，紫殿風清十二樓。 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%A1%8C_(%E8%96%A9%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C) A naturalised Mongol scholar who made a beautiful poem. This'll be a capstone. ---> <!--- 朝中措·襄陽古道灞陵橋 襄陽古道灞陵橋，詩興與秋高。 千古風流人物，一時多少雄豪。 霜清玉塞，雲飛隴首，風落江皋。 夢到鳳凰台上，山圍故國周遭。 北郊晚步 陂水荷凋晚，茅檐燕去涼。 遠林明落景，平麓淡秋光。 群牧歸村巷，孤禽立野航。 自諳閑散樂，園圃意尤長。 Jurchen poet and grandson of Emperor Shizong of Jin. He's a Zen Buddhist, so we'll go back to him later. ---> ===Unit 3: Confucianism and the World=== This is a Confucian-themed unit with a smattering of other items. You will see the odd geography of the past, early linguistic philosophy, and terrifying breakaway states! By the end of this unit, students should be able to: * Recognise around 200+ characters. * Read basic annals and histories with some dictionary assistance, and comprehend 3-character structures reliably. * Have encountered basic grammatical points such as 之、乎、者、也、而、則、乃、所、以、於、于、與、且、蓋、and 夫. ** 於 and 于 should be distinguishable. * Survive a text of at least 250 characters and read for gist. Lessons: # [[/A Brief Overview of Confucianism/]] # [[/The Mountains with Yelü Tuyu/]] <!--- 立木海上刻詩 耶律圖欲 / 耶律倍 / 李贊華 小山壓大山，大山全無力。 羞見故鄉人，從此投外國。 ---> # [[/Is a White Horse a Horse?/]]<!-- Teach negation with 非 in 公孙龍子 and compare with 不 --> # [[/The Three Character Classic/]] # [[/Expressing Filial Conduct with Confucius and Hara Saihin/]] <!-- 次韻杏坪先生 父執有君孤不孤 相依遍接搢紳徒 区区自抱地方寸 杏杏重遊天一隅 羇雁飛鳴迷汝國 家人思夢入江都 如教志業青年遂 世上寧無逐臭夫 --> # [[/Confucianism and the Environment with Sai On/]]<!-- 木假山記 --> # [[/In Debate with Mencius/]] ===Unit 4: Women's Writing=== In this unit, women's writing from various areas of China will be explored. This is chiefly targeted at poetry and the themes within; from the feminine voice of the Classic of Poetry to the remonstrance towards the Khitan Emperor Tianzuo of Jin by his Consort Dasese. The role of women in courtly society is to be elucidated here! # [[/An Unmarried Life with Heo Nansŏrhŏn/]] <!--- 貧女吟 豈是乏容色。工鍼復工織。 少小長寒門。良媒不相識。 夜久織未休。戛戛鳴寒機。 機中一匹練。終作阿誰衣。 手把金翦刀。夜寒十指直。 爲人作嫁衣。年年還獨宿。 ---> # [[/Responding to Lord Trần with Hồ Xuân Hương/]] <!--- Responding to 陳光靜 Trần Quang Tĩnh 《和陳侯》 愧無才調使人驚，十載風塵貫耳鈴。 已是臨枰知敵手，莫須敲月苦殫精。 為輪為彈隨遭遇，誰鳳誰鶯任賦生。 造物於人何苟惜，明珠休向暗中呈。 莫須 is an important structure to teach here. ---> # [[/Gaze into the Autumn Night with Taisei Shōan/]] <!--- 秋夜偶成·大成聖安 長天浮爽気，月色興無窮 群犬吠山径，百蟲啼野風 悲秋秋夜永，感古古今同 自是孤窓下，凄然万慮空 ---> # [[/Visiting a Temple with Yu Xuanji/]] <!--- 遊崇真觀南樓覩新及第題名處 雲峰滿目放春晴，歷歷銀鈎指下生。 自恨羅衣掩詩句，擧頭空羨榜中名。 ---> # [[/Remonstrance with Dasese/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AB%B7%E8%AB%AB%E6%AD%8C 諷諫歌·大瑟瑟 勿嗟塞上兮暗紅塵。 勿傷多難兮畏夷人。 不如塞奸邪之路兮選取賢臣。 直須臥薪嚐膽兮激壯士之捐身。 可以朝清漠北兮夕枕燕雲。 Dasese (or 萧瑟瑟) was a Khitan consort to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao. She remonstrated him as the Jurchens were beginning to encroach upon the Khitan, and was forced to commit suicide for her remonstrance. Tianzuo would soon pay for his malfeasance. ---> # [[/The Love Songs of the Odes/]] <!--- 褰裳 子惠思我，褰裳涉溱。子不我思，豈無他人？狂童之狂也且！ 子惠思我，褰裳涉洧。子不我思，豈無他士？狂童之狂也且！ 柏舟 彼柏舟，在彼中河，髧彼兩髦，實維我儀，之死矢靡它，母也天只，不諒人只。 汎彼柏舟，在彼河側，髧彼兩髦，實維我特，之死矢靡慝，母也天只，不諒人只。 行露 厭浥行露，豈不夙夜，謂行多露。 誰謂雀無角？何以穿我屋？誰謂女無家？何以速我獄？雖速我獄，室家不足。 誰謂鼠無牙？何以穿我墉？誰謂女無家？何以速我訟？雖速我訟，亦不女從。 ---> # [[/Rules for Women with Ban Zhao/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%AA%A1 ---> # [[/The Tragedy of Cai Wenji/]] <!--- 悲憤詩 〔兩漢〕蔡文姬 漢季失權柄，董卓亂天常。 志欲圖篡弒，先害諸賢良。 逼迫遷舊邦，擁主以自強。 海內興義師，欲共討不祥。 卓眾來東下，金甲耀日光。 平土人脆弱，來兵皆胡羌。 獵野圍城邑，所向悉破亡。 斬截無孑遺，屍骸相撐拒。 馬邊懸男頭，馬後載婦女。 長驅西入關，迥路險且阻。 還顧邈冥冥，肝脾為爛腐。 所略有萬計，不得令屯聚。 或有骨肉俱，欲言不敢語。 失意幾微間，輒言斃降虜。 要當以亭刃，我曹不活汝。 豈復惜性命，不堪其詈罵。 或便加棰杖，毒痛參並下。 旦則號泣行，夜則悲吟坐。 欲死不能得，欲生無一可。 彼蒼者何辜，乃遭此厄禍。 邊荒與華異，人俗少義理。 處所多霜雪，胡風春夏起。 翩翩吹我衣，肅肅入我耳。 感時念父母，哀嘆無窮已。 有客從外來，聞之常歡喜。 迎問其消息，輒復非鄉里。 邂逅徼時願，骨肉來迎己。 己得自解免，當復棄兒子。 天屬綴人心，念別無會期。 存亡永乖隔，不忍與之辭。 兒前抱我頸，問母欲何之。 人言母當去，豈復有還時。 阿母常仁惻，今何更不慈。 我尚未成人，奈何不顧思。 見此崩五內，恍惚生狂痴。 號泣手撫摩，當發復回疑。 兼有同時輩，相送告離別。 慕我獨得歸，哀叫聲摧裂。 馬為立踟躕，車為不轉轍。 觀者皆噓唏，行路亦嗚咽。 去去割情戀，遄征日遐邁。 悠悠三千里，何時復交會。 念我出腹子，匈臆為摧敗。 既至家人盡，又復無中外。 城廓為山林，庭宇生荊艾。 白骨不知誰，縱橫莫覆蓋。 出門無人聲，豺狼號且吠。 煢煢對孤景，怛吒糜肝肺。 登高遠眺望，魂神忽飛逝。 奄若壽命盡，旁人相寬大。 為復強視息，雖生何聊賴。 託命於新人，竭心自勖勵。 流離成鄙賤，常恐復捐廢。 人生幾何時，懷憂終年歲。 ---> ===Unit 5: Myths and Legends of East Asia=== <!--- Shanhaijing, Zibuyu... Etc. Zhiguai literature. This aims to provide a counterpoint to what Confucius wouldn't discuss - thus Zibuyu. Going straight into Daoism isn't ideal. ---> # [[/Exploring the World of Mountains and Seas/]]<!-- Structure: 出焉 --> # [[/Oh, the Qilin!/]] <!--- Even here, the odes can be studied! ---> # [[/Ultimate Justice with Xiezhi/]] # [[/The Virtue of the Fenghuang/]] # [[/The Entrapment of Hua Po/]] # [[/Nüwa Created the World/]] ===Unit 6: Nation Focus - Japan=== # [[/The Inariyama Sword/]] <!--- short and sweet! ---> # [[/Entering Japan with Takeda Shingen/]] <!--- 便面蘆間有漁·武田信玄 山色水光烟接天，漁翁江上棹蘆辺 丹青若写得勝景，万里風波一釣船 便面半月照梅花·武田信玄 蘆葦清風垂頂絲，窺魚白鷺水生涯 江南記得曾遊夕，似見梨花院落時 島森哲男. (2015). 武田信玄漢詩校釈. 宮城教育大学紀要, 49, 333–352. https://mue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/440 似 is a really useful thing to teach early on. ---> # [[/The Oldest Inscription in Japan/]] <!--- 宇治橋断碑 ---> # [[/Remembering Conflict with Nakajima Noburu/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/6faa4d3e57a24e542db0375894f0ead5503218bb ---> # [[/Shinto Teachings with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%9F 本田親徳 道之大原 ---> # [[/The Diary of Fujiwara no Teika/]] <!--- 明月記 ---> # [[/Reading the History of Japan with Prince Toneri/]] <!--- 日本書記, etc. ---> <!--- # [[/Occupying Taiwan/]] ---> <!--- I have some colonial literature on me that can be used here. ---> ===Unit 7: Nation Focus - Korea=== <!--- 三國史記 for sure! ---> <!--- 放蟬賦 by Yi Kyubo ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%A0%A4%E9%BD%8B%E9%81%BA%E7%A8%BF 頤齋遺稿 黃胤錫 Joseon scholar! ---> # [[/An Elegy to the Empress with Choe Ja/]] <!--- Choe Ja 元德大后輓詞·崔滋（최자） 乾極曾客配,坤儀正體元。 枕前朝聖主,帳底見曾孫。 陰慘俄沉月,屋悲便沒軒。 三韓千古淚,七十九年恩。 ---> # [[/Language Reform with Sejong the Great/]] <!--- 訓民正音 https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/1ef2b42cc50055affaa5ef39c61b87ed31c34a60 multiple poems and descriptive terms, possibly the best capstone ---> ===Unit 8: Christian Literature=== # [[/A Different Three Character Classic with Hong Xiuquan/]] # [[/Friar Juan Cobo's Veritable Record/]] <!--- One of few texts from the Philippines that I have ever found! https://bnedigital.bne.es/bd/en/viewer?id=0160187c-9d9b-4f34-84d6-bc03fd310c69 ---> # [[/The Delegate's Edition/]] # [[/Nestorian Steles during the Tang/]] <!--- 大秦景教宣元至本經經幢 and 景教碑 ---> # [[/Hong Xiuquan's Bible/]] <!--- https://bible.fhl.net/ob/nob.html?book=407 ---> <!--- I don't want to focus too much on Hong Xiuquan here, so look for more material, especially from missionaries. ---> ===Unit 9: An Introduction to Daoism=== <!--- And now back to your regularly scheduled Zhuangzi/Laozi/Liezi. But with more interesting stuff. Trust! ---> # [[/Laozi Explains the Dao/]] <!--- 道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無欲，以觀其妙；常有欲，以觀其徼。此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。I can expect learners to recognise the stuff here. ---> # [[/Qingtan with Xie Daoyun/]] <!--- 謝道韞; mentioned in the sanzijing. could be good! 《泰山吟·謝道韞》 峩峩東嶽高，秀極衝青天。 巖中間虛宇，寂寞幽以玄。 非工復非匠，雲構發自然。 器象爾何物，遂令我屢遷。 逝將宅斯宇，可以盡天年。 《拟嵇中散咏松诗·謝道韞》 遙望山上松，隆冬不能凋。 願想遊不憩，瞻彼萬仞條。 騰躍未能升，頓足俟王喬。 時哉不我與，大運所飄遙。 ---> # [[/The Doubting Neighbour/]] # [[/Kuafu Chases the Sun/]] # [[/The Frog in a Well/]] # [[/Wu wei with King Hui of Liang/]] # [[/The Old Man that Moves the Mountains/]] # [[/Master Zhuang Dreams of Butterflies/]] <!--- Currently very stereotypical, but there's stuff to work with at least. Need to include those weird Daoist characters among other things. ---> ===Unit 10: Nation Focus - Ryukyu Kingdom=== # [[/Historical Annals with Sai On/]] <!--- Kyuko is an easy cop ---> # [[/The Enthronement of Shō Tei/]] <!--- 康熙二十二年封王尚貞敕 皇帝敕諭琉球國中山王世子尚貞：惟爾遠處海隅，虔修職貢；屬在塚嗣，序應承祧。以朝命未膺，罔敢專擅；恪遵典制，奉表請封。朕念爾世守臣節，忠誠可嘉！特遣正使翰林院檢討汪楫、副使內閣中書舍人加一級林麟焻，齎敕封爾為琉球國中山王，並賜爾及妃文幣等物。爾祗承寵眷，懋紹先猷；輯和臣民，慎固封守：用安宗社於苞桑，永作天家之屏翰。欽哉，毋替朕命！故諭。 Teach imperial edicts. Consider seeing if there's a letter of acceptance from Shō Tei. Recorded in 琉球國志略 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=966326 ---> # [[/The Twilight of Ryukyu with Shō Ten/]] <!--- 神田酒樓街燈 尚典 酒樓今秋設芳筵， 一望街燈燦燦連。 烟氣引來通柱上， 光爭星月照神田。 ---> # [[/A Trip to Ryukyu with Luo Sen/]] <!--- Pre-Capstone ---> <!--- 遐邇貫珍 1854-11 - 日本日記 羅森 https://archive.org/details/HEKC185411/page/n5/mode/1up A solid description of Ryukyu cultural customs in Volume 11. Absolutely incredible. 日三日火船直向東北而駛出了臺灣之外幾日不見天涯是時北風大作波浪沖天火船亦甚飄蕩而不能立見有沙鷗隨風而逐浪心直駛七日漸見小山而到琉球琉球一國長闊一百七十五里其國城在地球圖緯線赤道之北二十六度十四分經線中華北京偏東十一度二十四分自明以來世封王爵叨列藩籬其處土產不過蔬菜番薯菜油黑糖等類人民束髻大補是穿草履男女粧飾頭上祇插一簪二簪為別故少年之男女瞥目則無異及其壯也皆留鬚髯故街上長鬚之人甚多甲寅正月初一予上岸遊玩見街上兒童甚多分以銅錢各極歡喜人民亦甚謙恭民居間亦貼新春聯于門外但不見有別等繁華之事那霸有寺寺內有園是名家世宦之墳所以石刊刻姓名年號于碑上每日道人打掃供奉生花樹葉于墓前另有人家祖墳與中國之明塚無異峰巒之上樹木多植民房則以蠻石圍墻內以茅草結屋而居佳物椅棹俱無惟以草蓆屈膝而坐對火盆而吹煙民間亦有識中國言語字墨者 不張舖店惟有墟塲男不貿易婦女為之以貨易貨而外方之金銀弗尚焉然而百姓亦甚畏官長飲食亦甚粗粕甘守樸儉不務奢華亦鮮欺詐板門紙窓夜間亦不防竊曾見途中撿物亦能以返原人公門之內冷冷落落並無案牘之煩淳樸之風畧有同于上古之世我等外國之欲買什物須言于官官為代辦正月初六提督被理衛廉士等一班將官布列威嚴與予乘轎至王宮總理大臣尚宏勳為主席布政大夫馬良才為知客享宴甚豐食物多與中國無異宴後各官皆饋有紙扇烟包布帛等項是物雖粗此亦世子之恭敬外國故亞國亦以禮物而返贈之世子王宮離岸三里在于山頂是名守禮將至其宮一路亦有樹木石牌坊宮室亦甚寬大幽雅垣局可觀其處多栽鳳尾草森樹等類以障陰山邊田土樹藝五穀近海沙田水漲之後人收其沙以煎鹽此時明月當圓予覽山川亦足見一方之風景 ---> <!--- 中山世鑑 and so on. Lots of poetry too. ---> ===Unit 11: Nation Focus - Singapore=== <!--- National Library of Singapore has a poetry series that's super good! ---> ===Unit 12: Literary Chinese in Medicine=== <!--- do not endorse the medical practices discussed in these...make sure to link back to the heavenly stems here as they are associated with specific body parts. ---> # [[/Deviant Qi with Zhang Congzheng/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%84%92%E9%96%80%E4%BA%8B%E8%A6%AA ---> # [[/Anatomy with Sugita Genpaku/]] <!--- 解体新書 ---> ===Unit 13: People Focus - Zhuang peoples=== <!--- https://mooc1.chaoxing.com/mooc-ans/ztnodedetailcontroller/visitnodedetail?courseId=84745403&knowledgeId=84745463&_from_=&_fromV2_=&rtag= 《峤西诗钞》 is also a really good shout. ---> <!--- Basically, there are Zhuang and Tangut peoples who wrote in Literary Chinese, and their inclusion here is to show that even those who made their own scripts would use this tongue. 张鸿翮 imported the character 朴 to describe a bug, for example. ---> # [[/Zhuang poetry with Zhang Honghe/]] <!--- https://wenyi.gmw.cn/2024-06/25/content_37398911.htm 一是忠实记录了汉诗创作与古壮字交融的文化现象。清代壮族诗人张鸿翮（hé）《大塘谣》（《峤西诗钞》卷二）云： 去了休。去到大塘红蓼洲。红蓼生花，不结子。绿朴生花，毬见毬。 诗中所说“绿朴”，是壮族对柚子的惯称。“柚子”，壮语发音为“bug”。根据《古壮字字典》，其对应的古壮字为“朴（㭪）”。诗人将古壮字运用到汉文诗歌创作中，刻下了明清壮汉文化交相辉映的注脚。 This sort of thing is why Zhuang and Tangut inclusion is important, as they show how flexible Literary Chinese can be. ---> <!--- Possible Jurchen/Khitan focus? 耶律楚材 - Served 窝阔台, 玄風慶會錄 is short and respectable enough to work with. ---> ===Unit 14: People Focus - Tangut peoples=== <!--- 羅福萇 and 羅振玉 wrote studies on Western Xia / Tangut script. Look for poets and stuff. ---> ===Unit 15: Literary Chinese in the Military=== <!--- Real Sun Zi hours! 7 Military Classics are an obvious shout, but look for more stuff too. ---> # [[/Going to war with Boyan/]] <!--- Boyan's Poem from the 元史 　　伯顏，蒙古巴林部人。至元十一年拜中書左丞相，總兵伐宋。官至開府儀同三司，薨贈太師，封淮安王，諡忠武。 　　《玉堂嘉話》：初，宋未下時，江南謠云：「江南若破，白雁來過。」當時莫喻其意。及宋亡，蓋知指丞相巴延也。 　　過梅嶺岡留題 馬首經從庾嶺回 【 庾嶺回　七修類稿（乾隆刊本）卷四十六作「嶺島歸」。】 ，王師到處悉平夷。擔頭不帶江南物，只插梅花一兩枝。 　　《七修類藳》：伯顏下江南，過金陵梅嶺岡詩云云。所以著名，亦有是善。 ---> # [[/An Edict from the Xianbei/]] <!--- 教義詔 楊廣 武有七德，先之以安民。政有六本，興之以教義。高麗高元，虧失藩禮，將欲問罪遼左，恢宣勝略。雖懷伐國，仍事省方。今往涿郡，巡撫民俗。其河北諸郡及山西、山東年九十已上者，版授太守；八十者，授縣令。 ---> # [[/The Suppression of the Kingdom of Dongning/]] <!--- 台灣鄭氏始末 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=139938 Largely a record of wars in Dongning rather than anything about the trade etc, so it fits here. ---> # [[/The Shunzhi Emperor vs Li Zicheng/]] <!--- 順治帝 告示 逆酋李自成已於通城斃命，各地鄉勇務隨我軍剿殺逆賊殘餘,凡有斬獲逆酋及擒獲逆酋交我軍者，一經驗證，按軍功論級給賞，必以示我朝皇恩浩蕩。 大清順治二年五月二十四日 恩詔 今月何日，為國曆改歲之履端,即為永昌書元之紀念？緬惟我朝民眾，三元肇慶，四始發祥。陳椒酒以飛觴，躋堂介壽；換桃符以獻歲，辟戶書新。翹望德容，河勝額手。今山河如舊，歲序更新;今天下同春，咸頒麗澤。願我朝君臣與萬民同樂，共沐化日光天，方不虛度韶華。 永昌二年新正初一 There's probably better choices here. Review. ---> ===Unit 16: Nation Focus - Vietnam=== <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/cfe6700e01f6fd59616a375d31aa8cd096677be1 this first ---> # [[/Ancestor Veneration with the Descendants of Zhu Xi/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/tree/main/corpus%2F%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%2Fclean somewhere in here ---> # [[/Spreading Revolutionary Consciousness with Phan Bội Châu and Liang Qichao/]] <!--- 越南亡國史 Possibly the most important text in Vietnamese history, not even gonna lie. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2 ---> # [[/Academia in Literary Chinese between East and West/]] <!--- 南風雜誌 is a massive shout here. Absolutely amazing series. ---> ===Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae=== <!--- 永樂大典 will teach how to infer from gaps in texts! 《編類》 is an incredibly interesting essay from here that can bring up the odes and Confucius's「思無邪」quote. It can prepare students for the wrath of Qing academia later. ---> # [[/The History of Liao, Jin, and Song with Toqto'a/]] <!--- 脱脱 ---> # [[/Two Years in the Forbidden City with Yu Deling/]] <!--- 清宮禁二年記 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%AE%AE%E7%A6%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%A8%98 ---> # [[/Excerpts from a Modern History of the Da Shun/]] <!--- Fair Use of a 2010 book written in Literary Chinese about the Da Shun dynasty. Limit to 500 characters, if that. Use to encourage recognition of Simplified variants and modern Wenyanwen. ---> # [[/Documenting the World with Terajima/]] <!--- 和漢三才図会 寺島良安, built off 三才圖會 ---> ===Unit 18: Buddhist Literature=== <!--- You would be forgiven for wondering why this is so late, but if you look at many classical Buddhist texts you'll quickly see a ton of loanwords that make it significantly more difficult to read than the average text. Thus, it goes here for now. ---> <!--- Place focus on practical stuff first. Stuff you can and WILL see in Buddhist temples. Stuff Buddhists can take away immediately. Skills-based approach feels strongest here. ---> # [[/Dipping your feet in with Wenyan Shu/]] <!--- 華亭 世尊遺法本忘言，教外別傳意已圓。 只履攜將蔥嶺去，不妨來上月明船。 ---> # [[/The Seven Tathagatas/]] <!--- 南無寶勝如來 南無多寶如來 南無妙色身如來 南無廣博身如來 南無離怖畏如來 南無甘露王如來 南無阿彌陀佛 Use to introduce some core vocabulary in repetitive manner. Useful phrases from my trip to Jing'an Temple 南無本師釋迦牟尼佛 - Pay homage to the root teacher 南無大悲觀世音菩薩 - Pay homage to the goddess of mercy 廣種福田 - widely plant a meritorious field ---> # [[/Two Buddhist Temples in Shanghai/]] <!--- 留雲禪寺 雲留雲翔領畧幾許禪機此地有雲散天開真如界。 塔內塔外普示無邊圓覺是故曰塔影雙照解脫門。 歲次壬午冬月吉旦。 覺醒敬撰。 楊胡生沐手恭書。 善信印利明敬獻。 ---> <!--- 福慧宝鼎 慧明大和尚 - introduce the Buddhist timekeeping system with 佛歷 around this point. 赤烏古剎 建寺一千七百六十周年紀念 古剎三國建 滬瀆有重玄 石佛音淨現 聖跡顯重元 唐時稱永泰 宋敕名靜安 聖祖留佛闡 仲師移伽藍 元收八景偈 明鑄鐘聲梵 清樹化羅漢 選賢十方讚 佛日普光明 福慧共修善 鼎運昌隆際 轉正法輪緣 歲次丁亥住持慧明監製 ---> # [[/Foreseeing Monkhood with Yi Xing/]] <!--- 看命一掌金 ---> # [[/A Trip to Western Xia with Zhi Guang and Hui Zhen/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%91%AA%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%92%92%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> # [[/Jizang's Three Discourses/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%AB%96%E7%8E%84%E7%BE%A9 ---> <!--- I saw these texts being quoted and thus should consider them in some capacity. 《般若波羅蜜多心經》 《金剛般若波羅蜜經》 《一切智光明仙人慈心因緣不食肉經》 《妙法蓮華經》 《大般涅槃經》 《大方等大集經》 《大毘盧舍那成佛神變加持經蓮華胎藏悲生曼荼羅廣大成就儀軌供養方便會》/ 胎藏曼荼羅 《佛說救拔焰口餓鬼陀羅尼經》 《雜阿含經》 Look at Japan's 五山文学 ---> ===Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples=== # [[/Qing dynasty Poetry with Nara Singde/]] <!--- 飲水詞 納蘭性德 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%B7 ---> # [[/Amassing Words with the Kangxi Emperor/]] <!--- Kangxi Dictionary Abstract - https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8 ---> # [[/Amassing Literature with the Qianlong Emperor/]] <!--- Siku Quanshu abstract https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE%E6%8F%90%E8%A6%81 ---> <!--- Yongzheng Emperor's Poetry https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D 《和碩怡賢親王祭文》 Also include 滿洲國 stuff to show the fall of the Qing and attempts to preserve it through becoming a Japanese puppet state. It is important to show how Literary Chinese can be misused as well. 滿洲國建國宣言 is a good shout, as is 法制 to prepare students who may be interested in Taiwan legal stuff later down the road. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E6%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B ---> ===Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature=== <!--- many writers here, will be difficult to sift through. Include 四库全書 abstracts and stuff here. ---> # [[/Jewish Refugees in Shanghai/]] <!--- Show passports, certificates, etc, from the Jewish Refugee Museum, anonymised. ---> # [[/A Literary Chinese Abstract/]] <!--- Abstracts from siku quanshu, probably want others ---> # [[/Lament with Lu Ruoteng/]] <!--- 《疑猜》盧若騰，東寧國 盟誓變為交質子，春秋戰國風如此；末世上下相疑猜, 更質妻子防逃徙。 此法只可羈庸奴，若遇梟雄術窮矣；妻可再娶子再育, 安能長坐針氈裏。 我贈一法君記存；推心置腹人知恩；眾人畜之眾人報, 幾個國士在君門。 盧若騰撰，陳漢光編輯，《島噫詩》，臺灣文獻叢刊第二四五種（臺北:臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1968年）21頁。 ---> # [[/Common Linguistics Knowledge in the RoC/]] <!--- 音韻常識 ---> ==References used for this page== * Yang, B. (2016). 文言语法 [Literary Chinese Grammar] (1st ed). 中华书局 [Zhonghua Book Company]. ISBN: 978-7-101-11619-9 * Priestley, K. E., & Shou-jung, C. (1962). China’s Men of Letters, Yesterday and Today. Dragonfly Books. {{BookCat}} gdmdr5l3i0b6buhd98htnvo1rsp2kpr 4634446 4634445 2026-05-06T14:57:52Z Shira the Mogul 3560559 /* Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples */ 4634446 wikitext text/x-wiki __notoc__ Welcome to the Wikibook for Literary Chinese (Known as 漢文 "Han Language" in East Asia or 文言 "Literary Language" in China), aimed at individuals hoping to gain a general knowledge of it before progressing into genres they wish to be acquainted with. This is not the [[Classical Chinese]] textbook, which is aimed at Chinese Zhou-Qin era texts. This text aims to shed light on post-Zhou-Qin texts across East Asia, which mimic those texts. It does so through a "buffet" approach, showering you, the reader, with an ocean of texts of myriad genre. ==Table of Contents== === Front matter === * [[/Introduction/]] * [[/Appendices/]] === Useful resources === These are quick grab-bags that can be useful for vocabulary-building. * [[/Antonym List/]] <!--- 文/武，大/小，厚/薄，橫/縱...---> * [[/Collocation Groups/]] <!--- e.g. 四象，三靈…… ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等 Yan Fu's Qing-era translations for modern terms] <!--- Wikiversity has this (https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/嚴譯及部定詞等) and the below, I will effectively be translating a lot of it! ---> * [https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Subject:華製新漢語及中文固有語/上古語考輯 Communicative Terms] <!--- this will be translated eventually, but right now it's bad to just leave this here. ---> === Useful primers === Across history, many primers have been made for teaching Literary Chinese to children. These are a few that are recommended for use alongside this work, ideally in flashcards. * [https://www.fdgwz.org.cn/Web/Show/11308 倉頡篇] - Cangjie's Chapters, the earliest one. It is extant, but incomplete. It contains several rare characters, and so if used, I would personally recommend doing so later, or out of interest. * 三字經 - The Three Character Classic, an excellent piece for Confucian education. Pair with 弟子规 for best results. ** 三字經（太平天國版）- For Christians, there is a version made by Hong Xiuquan from the Taiping Rebellion. Despite the context, it is a legitimately useful primer and can be used to self-teach for the Delegate's Edition of the Christian Bible. * 千字文 - The Thousand Character Classic, a remarkable piece of constrained writing that only uses each character once. Amazing for building vocabulary whilst seeing historical allusions and the like. * 五字鑑 - The Five-Character Mirror, essentially the 24 Histories of China compressed into a primer. Uses 5-character couplets, the longest in this list. * 龍文鞭影 - The Shadow of Longwen's Whip, a historical allusion trainer. Best paired with a context piece. ===Unit 0: The Han script=== This unit is intended for those with no familiarity of the Han script. It will prepare you for the units ahead, teaching largely pictographic characters. By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around 30 characters. * Understand how characters are composed and how this gives them meaning. * Have a basic idea of how to handwrite and/or type characters. * Know some bare basics of Literary Chinese grammar (e.g. Basic word order, where adjectives go, lack of "is", 有...) Lessons: # [[/An Introduction to the Han Script/]] # [[/People, Big and Small/]] # [[/What are Chinese characters, anyway?/]] <!--- deploy several single-radical texts---> # [[/How do we write Chinese?/]] # [[/Tilling the Fields with 有/]] # [[/The Sun and the Moon/]] # [[/Weapons and Metals/]] # [[/Recognizing Phonetics/]] <!--- time to deploy my one-syllable articles! ---> # [[/Cangjie Created Characters/]] ===Unit 1: Basic Skills=== This unit is intended for those with minimal familiarity with the Han script and no familiarity with Literary Chinese. There is a focus on simple structures, skills for dissecting common textual structures, and short-form poetry in this unit. Before starting this unit, students should: * Recognise around ~30 characters. * Can use Cangjie input. * Have given Unit 0 a cursory glance. <br> By the end of this unit, students will: * Recognise around ~100 characters. * Comprehend numbers, the Heavenly Stems, and the Earthly Branches, and be able to use them to quantify time and date. * Intuit the basic topic -> comment idea behind Literary Chinese. "This, it is..." * Understand basic function words such as 也, 而, 有, and 謂. Lessons: # [[/The All-Purpose 也/]] # [[/An Introduction to Chinese Numbers/]] <!--- It is hard to find authentic materials for this ---> # [[/One, Two, Left, and Right with Gongsun Long/]] <!--- 曰：「二有一乎？」 曰：「二無一。」 曰：「二有右乎？」 曰：「二無右。」 曰：「二有左乎？」 曰：「二無左。」 曰：「右可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左可謂二乎？」 曰：「不可。」 曰：「左與右可謂二乎？」 曰：「可。」 ---> # [[/The Heavenly Stems/]] <!--- Introduce ordinals, which will be used to demonstrate sentence patterns later. ---> # [[/Tell the Time with Earthly Branches/]] <!--- Introduce verbs and timekeeping ---> # [[/Lunar Dates with the Spring and Autumn Annals/]] <!--- Vocabulary: 歲，年，朔，月，日，來，前，初，正，春秋夏冬，曆，上，下. Consider including traditional names for months in a list. ---> # [[/Skimming for Major Events in Historical Annals/]] <!--- Don't simply use Confucius's Chunqiu: We can use texts inspired by it. E.g. 三國史記 - 十五年京城旱。秋七月，蝗。very few new characters, lots one can use. Instantly able to use. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B701 Skimming annals is very possible and a very useful skill. Don't skip out on it. Teach students to skim read!!! ---> # [[/Dinner with the Daimyo/]] <!-- 侍宴·大友皇子 皇明光日月，帝徳載天地。 三才併秦昌，万国表臣義。 --> # [[/In Discourse with Jibong/]] <!-- 芝峰類說 倭國謂田爲畠。謂水田爲田。火田爲畑。猶我國以水田爲畓也。故官名有畠山殿。地名有畑島云。 --> # [[/Shinto FAQ with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9E%E9%81%93%E5%95%8F%E5%B0%8D 眞道問對 本田親徳 really good way of operationalising 乎 and much of the early grammar. 問 天帝無始無終乎。 對 天帝無始無終也。 旣以無始無終之力 與無始無終之體 造無始無終之萬物。 其功亦無始無終也。 問 天地大原在道乎。 對 天地大原實在道。 鬼神依道而立。 人民依道而活。 萬物依道而息。 This is great! ---> <!--- Some cool stuff I saw someone studying from https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B3%E6%BD%AD%E8%A8%98# https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%88%9F%E8%A8%98 Could be used for period focus ---> ===Unit 2: An Overview of Sinitic Poetry=== This unit will teach you how Sinitic Poetry operates; - that is, the way individuals in the Sinosphere compose poetry in Literary Chinese. Despite this language's fall out of favour in the past century, this tradition is still remarkably alive and well, and their short length makes them more accessible than elaborate prose. In this unit, you will begin from the ''Classic of Poetry'' before travelling through poems from the Tang dynasty, Singapore, Japan, Vietnam, the Ryukyu Kingdom, and Korea. When introducing poetry, I will furthermore use the language from the nation it is from to show how it is recited by its people. After discussing the Classic of Poetry, we will also be a small detour into a discussion on Ping-Ze 平仄, the Tang dynasty system of alternating tones, so to produce rhyme on tonal and phonological levels. This had a major impact on Literary Chinese poetry as a whole! By the end of this Unit, students will: * Recognise around 120 more characters. * Be able to explain how Sinitic Poetry rhymes and the themes it contains. * Be able to use function words such as 在, 無, 不, 聿, and 于/於 in poetic contexts. * Recognise the switch between 吾/我 in the subject-object positions and demonstrate it in usage. * (Chinese speakers) Be able to differentiate 于 and 於, and understand the "interest(ed) in" meaning of 好 in most circumstances. <!--- Summary of the above part about 于 and 於 for other editors: 于 and 於 were distinct words for an extremely long time and were still such to Literary Chinese writers. Their "merging" through Simplified-Traditional Chinese distinctions is a very modern thing. I will summarise their usages here, using Pulleyblank's Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar (2000); * 于 - This can mean "to go" or "to/at". 黃鳥于飛 "The yellow birds go flying". Must be post-verbal. It can also appear in 至于. * 於 - This is an all-purpose locative preposition - from "on/at/in" to "from" or even "than" (甲於乙). The implication of motion is not there at all. Must be pre-verbal. It can also appear in 之於 or be an archaic noun for a crow 於 (烏). ---> Lessons: # [[/Across the Rivers with Emperor Puliuru Guang/]] <!--- 春江花月夜·楊廣 夜露含花氣，春潭漾月暉。 漢水逢遊女，湘川值二妃。 This is really simple and can elucidate Ping-Ze easily. ---> # [[/To Study the Odes/]] <!-- 蟋蟀·姬旦 國風·唐風 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其莫。今我不樂，日月其除。無已大康，職思其居。好樂無荒，良士瞿瞿。 蟋蟀在堂，歲聿其逝。今我不樂，日月其邁。無已大康，職思其外。好樂無荒，良士蹶蹶。 蟋蟀在堂，役車其休。今我不樂，日月其慆。無已大康，職思其憂。好樂無荒，良士休休。 --> <!-- 黃鳥 小雅·鴻鴈之什 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于穀，無啄我粟。 此邦之人，不我肯穀。言旋言歸，復我邦族。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于桑，無啄我粱。 此邦之人，不可與明。言旋言歸，復我諸兄。 黃鳥黃鳥，無集于栩，無啄我黍。 此邦之人，不可與處。言旋言歸，復我諸父。 --> # [[/A Detour into Orthodox Ping-Ze/]] <!--- 平 and 仄 are useful characters themselves. Show 仄 in the binomes 反仄，歉仄，逼仄 as it's often difficult to immediately use ---> # [[/The Restraint of Du Fu/]] # [[/The Longing of Li Bai/]] # [[/The Environment with Bukha Timur/]] <!--- 西湖竹枝詞·布哈特穆爾 湖上春歸人未歸，桃紅柳緑黄鶯飛。 桃花落時多結子，楊花落處秪沾衣。 宫词·布哈特穆爾 玉樓珠箔晚天涼，秋色依稀滿建章。 金井梧桐霜葉盡，自隨流水出宮牆。 Mongol writer from the Uyghur Kingdom of Gaochang Spammed Ctrl+F in https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E9%81%B8%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%9D%E8%A9%A9_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC) ---> # [[/Pillow Talk with Guan Yunshi/]] <!--- 紅繡鞋·貫雲石 挨著靠著雲窗同坐，偎著抱著月枕雙歌，聽著數著愁著怕著早四更過。四更過情未足，情未足夜如梭。天哪，更閏一更兒妨甚么！ Uyghur author! ---> # [[/Buddhist Philosophy with Ngô Chân Lưu and Taisei Shōan/]] <!-- 元火·吳真流 木中元有火，元火復還生。 若為木無火，鉆燧何有萌。--> <!-- 杜鵑·大成聖安 夢覚孤床静 杜鵑帯雨飛 一声来近枕 何者不沾衣 --> # [[/Odes with Mō Taiei and Zheng Chengxun/]] <!-- 詠松·毛泰永 植體宜千仞，垂陰動百尋。 李膺真烈烈，和嶠自森森。 桃李何堪較，雪霜安得侵。 萬年身不老，種子又成林。 AKA Inoha Seiki 伊野波 盛紀 --> <!-- 詠班蘭·鄭成勛 南國多芳草，班蘭最有名。 深根將綠茁，長葉亦叢生。 取味迎賓合，入厨任水烹。 可憐經一用，擲棄不留情。 鄭成勛《樵隱詩集》 https://nus.edu.sg/nuslibraries/dsprojects/sg-jiutishi/poem/827 --> # [[/On a Journey with Sa Dula/]] <!--- 無題·薩都剌 為客三年海上洲，故鄉何處瘴雲稠。 數千里外蠻人域，十八灘頭過客舟。 時有山禽呼姓字，或從海鳥作朋儔。 故人珂珮周旋處，紫殿風清十二樓。 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%A1%8C_(%E8%96%A9%E9%83%BD%E5%89%8C) A naturalised Mongol scholar who made a beautiful poem. This'll be a capstone. ---> <!--- 朝中措·襄陽古道灞陵橋 襄陽古道灞陵橋，詩興與秋高。 千古風流人物，一時多少雄豪。 霜清玉塞，雲飛隴首，風落江皋。 夢到鳳凰台上，山圍故國周遭。 北郊晚步 陂水荷凋晚，茅檐燕去涼。 遠林明落景，平麓淡秋光。 群牧歸村巷，孤禽立野航。 自諳閑散樂，園圃意尤長。 Jurchen poet and grandson of Emperor Shizong of Jin. He's a Zen Buddhist, so we'll go back to him later. ---> ===Unit 3: Confucianism and the World=== This is a Confucian-themed unit with a smattering of other items. You will see the odd geography of the past, early linguistic philosophy, and terrifying breakaway states! By the end of this unit, students should be able to: * Recognise around 200+ characters. * Read basic annals and histories with some dictionary assistance, and comprehend 3-character structures reliably. * Have encountered basic grammatical points such as 之、乎、者、也、而、則、乃、所、以、於、于、與、且、蓋、and 夫. ** 於 and 于 should be distinguishable. * Survive a text of at least 250 characters and read for gist. Lessons: # [[/A Brief Overview of Confucianism/]] # [[/The Mountains with Yelü Tuyu/]] <!--- 立木海上刻詩 耶律圖欲 / 耶律倍 / 李贊華 小山壓大山，大山全無力。 羞見故鄉人，從此投外國。 ---> # [[/Is a White Horse a Horse?/]]<!-- Teach negation with 非 in 公孙龍子 and compare with 不 --> # [[/The Three Character Classic/]] # [[/Expressing Filial Conduct with Confucius and Hara Saihin/]] <!-- 次韻杏坪先生 父執有君孤不孤 相依遍接搢紳徒 区区自抱地方寸 杏杏重遊天一隅 羇雁飛鳴迷汝國 家人思夢入江都 如教志業青年遂 世上寧無逐臭夫 --> # [[/Confucianism and the Environment with Sai On/]]<!-- 木假山記 --> # [[/In Debate with Mencius/]] ===Unit 4: Women's Writing=== In this unit, women's writing from various areas of China will be explored. This is chiefly targeted at poetry and the themes within; from the feminine voice of the Classic of Poetry to the remonstrance towards the Khitan Emperor Tianzuo of Jin by his Consort Dasese. The role of women in courtly society is to be elucidated here! # [[/An Unmarried Life with Heo Nansŏrhŏn/]] <!--- 貧女吟 豈是乏容色。工鍼復工織。 少小長寒門。良媒不相識。 夜久織未休。戛戛鳴寒機。 機中一匹練。終作阿誰衣。 手把金翦刀。夜寒十指直。 爲人作嫁衣。年年還獨宿。 ---> # [[/Responding to Lord Trần with Hồ Xuân Hương/]] <!--- Responding to 陳光靜 Trần Quang Tĩnh 《和陳侯》 愧無才調使人驚，十載風塵貫耳鈴。 已是臨枰知敵手，莫須敲月苦殫精。 為輪為彈隨遭遇，誰鳳誰鶯任賦生。 造物於人何苟惜，明珠休向暗中呈。 莫須 is an important structure to teach here. ---> # [[/Gaze into the Autumn Night with Taisei Shōan/]] <!--- 秋夜偶成·大成聖安 長天浮爽気，月色興無窮 群犬吠山径，百蟲啼野風 悲秋秋夜永，感古古今同 自是孤窓下，凄然万慮空 ---> # [[/Visiting a Temple with Yu Xuanji/]] <!--- 遊崇真觀南樓覩新及第題名處 雲峰滿目放春晴，歷歷銀鈎指下生。 自恨羅衣掩詩句，擧頭空羨榜中名。 ---> # [[/Remonstrance with Dasese/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%AB%B7%E8%AB%AB%E6%AD%8C 諷諫歌·大瑟瑟 勿嗟塞上兮暗紅塵。 勿傷多難兮畏夷人。 不如塞奸邪之路兮選取賢臣。 直須臥薪嚐膽兮激壯士之捐身。 可以朝清漠北兮夕枕燕雲。 Dasese (or 萧瑟瑟) was a Khitan consort to Emperor Tianzuo of Liao. She remonstrated him as the Jurchens were beginning to encroach upon the Khitan, and was forced to commit suicide for her remonstrance. Tianzuo would soon pay for his malfeasance. ---> # [[/The Love Songs of the Odes/]] <!--- 褰裳 子惠思我，褰裳涉溱。子不我思，豈無他人？狂童之狂也且！ 子惠思我，褰裳涉洧。子不我思，豈無他士？狂童之狂也且！ 柏舟 彼柏舟，在彼中河，髧彼兩髦，實維我儀，之死矢靡它，母也天只，不諒人只。 汎彼柏舟，在彼河側，髧彼兩髦，實維我特，之死矢靡慝，母也天只，不諒人只。 行露 厭浥行露，豈不夙夜，謂行多露。 誰謂雀無角？何以穿我屋？誰謂女無家？何以速我獄？雖速我獄，室家不足。 誰謂鼠無牙？何以穿我墉？誰謂女無家？何以速我訟？雖速我訟，亦不女從。 ---> # [[/Rules for Women with Ban Zhao/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%AA%A1 ---> # [[/The Tragedy of Cai Wenji/]] <!--- 悲憤詩 〔兩漢〕蔡文姬 漢季失權柄，董卓亂天常。 志欲圖篡弒，先害諸賢良。 逼迫遷舊邦，擁主以自強。 海內興義師，欲共討不祥。 卓眾來東下，金甲耀日光。 平土人脆弱，來兵皆胡羌。 獵野圍城邑，所向悉破亡。 斬截無孑遺，屍骸相撐拒。 馬邊懸男頭，馬後載婦女。 長驅西入關，迥路險且阻。 還顧邈冥冥，肝脾為爛腐。 所略有萬計，不得令屯聚。 或有骨肉俱，欲言不敢語。 失意幾微間，輒言斃降虜。 要當以亭刃，我曹不活汝。 豈復惜性命，不堪其詈罵。 或便加棰杖，毒痛參並下。 旦則號泣行，夜則悲吟坐。 欲死不能得，欲生無一可。 彼蒼者何辜，乃遭此厄禍。 邊荒與華異，人俗少義理。 處所多霜雪，胡風春夏起。 翩翩吹我衣，肅肅入我耳。 感時念父母，哀嘆無窮已。 有客從外來，聞之常歡喜。 迎問其消息，輒復非鄉里。 邂逅徼時願，骨肉來迎己。 己得自解免，當復棄兒子。 天屬綴人心，念別無會期。 存亡永乖隔，不忍與之辭。 兒前抱我頸，問母欲何之。 人言母當去，豈復有還時。 阿母常仁惻，今何更不慈。 我尚未成人，奈何不顧思。 見此崩五內，恍惚生狂痴。 號泣手撫摩，當發復回疑。 兼有同時輩，相送告離別。 慕我獨得歸，哀叫聲摧裂。 馬為立踟躕，車為不轉轍。 觀者皆噓唏，行路亦嗚咽。 去去割情戀，遄征日遐邁。 悠悠三千里，何時復交會。 念我出腹子，匈臆為摧敗。 既至家人盡，又復無中外。 城廓為山林，庭宇生荊艾。 白骨不知誰，縱橫莫覆蓋。 出門無人聲，豺狼號且吠。 煢煢對孤景，怛吒糜肝肺。 登高遠眺望，魂神忽飛逝。 奄若壽命盡，旁人相寬大。 為復強視息，雖生何聊賴。 託命於新人，竭心自勖勵。 流離成鄙賤，常恐復捐廢。 人生幾何時，懷憂終年歲。 ---> ===Unit 5: Myths and Legends of East Asia=== <!--- Shanhaijing, Zibuyu... Etc. Zhiguai literature. This aims to provide a counterpoint to what Confucius wouldn't discuss - thus Zibuyu. Going straight into Daoism isn't ideal. ---> # [[/Exploring the World of Mountains and Seas/]]<!-- Structure: 出焉 --> # [[/Oh, the Qilin!/]] <!--- Even here, the odes can be studied! ---> # [[/Ultimate Justice with Xiezhi/]] # [[/The Virtue of the Fenghuang/]] # [[/The Entrapment of Hua Po/]] # [[/Nüwa Created the World/]] ===Unit 6: Nation Focus - Japan=== # [[/The Inariyama Sword/]] <!--- short and sweet! ---> # [[/Entering Japan with Takeda Shingen/]] <!--- 便面蘆間有漁·武田信玄 山色水光烟接天，漁翁江上棹蘆辺 丹青若写得勝景，万里風波一釣船 便面半月照梅花·武田信玄 蘆葦清風垂頂絲，窺魚白鷺水生涯 江南記得曾遊夕，似見梨花院落時 島森哲男. (2015). 武田信玄漢詩校釈. 宮城教育大学紀要, 49, 333–352. https://mue.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/440 似 is a really useful thing to teach early on. ---> # [[/The Oldest Inscription in Japan/]] <!--- 宇治橋断碑 ---> # [[/Remembering Conflict with Nakajima Noburu/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/6faa4d3e57a24e542db0375894f0ead5503218bb ---> # [[/Shinto Teachings with Honda Chikaatsu/]] <!--- https://wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%8E%9F 本田親徳 道之大原 ---> # [[/The Diary of Fujiwara no Teika/]] <!--- 明月記 ---> # [[/Reading the History of Japan with Prince Toneri/]] <!--- 日本書記, etc. ---> <!--- # [[/Occupying Taiwan/]] ---> <!--- I have some colonial literature on me that can be used here. ---> ===Unit 7: Nation Focus - Korea=== <!--- 三國史記 for sure! ---> <!--- 放蟬賦 by Yi Kyubo ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%A0%A4%E9%BD%8B%E9%81%BA%E7%A8%BF 頤齋遺稿 黃胤錫 Joseon scholar! ---> # [[/An Elegy to the Empress with Choe Ja/]] <!--- Choe Ja 元德大后輓詞·崔滋（최자） 乾極曾客配,坤儀正體元。 枕前朝聖主,帳底見曾孫。 陰慘俄沉月,屋悲便沒軒。 三韓千古淚,七十九年恩。 ---> # [[/Language Reform with Sejong the Great/]] <!--- 訓民正音 https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/1ef2b42cc50055affaa5ef39c61b87ed31c34a60 multiple poems and descriptive terms, possibly the best capstone ---> ===Unit 8: Christian Literature=== # [[/A Different Three Character Classic with Hong Xiuquan/]] # [[/Friar Juan Cobo's Veritable Record/]] <!--- One of few texts from the Philippines that I have ever found! https://bnedigital.bne.es/bd/en/viewer?id=0160187c-9d9b-4f34-84d6-bc03fd310c69 ---> # [[/The Delegate's Edition/]] # [[/Nestorian Steles during the Tang/]] <!--- 大秦景教宣元至本經經幢 and 景教碑 ---> # [[/Hong Xiuquan's Bible/]] <!--- https://bible.fhl.net/ob/nob.html?book=407 ---> <!--- I don't want to focus too much on Hong Xiuquan here, so look for more material, especially from missionaries. ---> ===Unit 9: An Introduction to Daoism=== <!--- And now back to your regularly scheduled Zhuangzi/Laozi/Liezi. But with more interesting stuff. Trust! ---> # [[/Laozi Explains the Dao/]] <!--- 道可道，非常道。名可名，非常名。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。故常無欲，以觀其妙；常有欲，以觀其徼。此兩者，同出而異名，同謂之玄。玄之又玄，衆妙之門。I can expect learners to recognise the stuff here. ---> # [[/Qingtan with Xie Daoyun/]] <!--- 謝道韞; mentioned in the sanzijing. could be good! 《泰山吟·謝道韞》 峩峩東嶽高，秀極衝青天。 巖中間虛宇，寂寞幽以玄。 非工復非匠，雲構發自然。 器象爾何物，遂令我屢遷。 逝將宅斯宇，可以盡天年。 《拟嵇中散咏松诗·謝道韞》 遙望山上松，隆冬不能凋。 願想遊不憩，瞻彼萬仞條。 騰躍未能升，頓足俟王喬。 時哉不我與，大運所飄遙。 ---> # [[/The Doubting Neighbour/]] # [[/Kuafu Chases the Sun/]] # [[/The Frog in a Well/]] # [[/Wu wei with King Hui of Liang/]] # [[/The Old Man that Moves the Mountains/]] # [[/Master Zhuang Dreams of Butterflies/]] <!--- Currently very stereotypical, but there's stuff to work with at least. Need to include those weird Daoist characters among other things. ---> ===Unit 10: Nation Focus - Ryukyu Kingdom=== # [[/Historical Annals with Sai On/]] <!--- Kyuko is an easy cop ---> # [[/The Enthronement of Shō Tei/]] <!--- 康熙二十二年封王尚貞敕 皇帝敕諭琉球國中山王世子尚貞：惟爾遠處海隅，虔修職貢；屬在塚嗣，序應承祧。以朝命未膺，罔敢專擅；恪遵典制，奉表請封。朕念爾世守臣節，忠誠可嘉！特遣正使翰林院檢討汪楫、副使內閣中書舍人加一級林麟焻，齎敕封爾為琉球國中山王，並賜爾及妃文幣等物。爾祗承寵眷，懋紹先猷；輯和臣民，慎固封守：用安宗社於苞桑，永作天家之屏翰。欽哉，毋替朕命！故諭。 Teach imperial edicts. Consider seeing if there's a letter of acceptance from Shō Tei. Recorded in 琉球國志略 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=966326 ---> # [[/The Twilight of Ryukyu with Shō Ten/]] <!--- 神田酒樓街燈 尚典 酒樓今秋設芳筵， 一望街燈燦燦連。 烟氣引來通柱上， 光爭星月照神田。 ---> # [[/A Trip to Ryukyu with Luo Sen/]] <!--- Pre-Capstone ---> <!--- 遐邇貫珍 1854-11 - 日本日記 羅森 https://archive.org/details/HEKC185411/page/n5/mode/1up A solid description of Ryukyu cultural customs in Volume 11. Absolutely incredible. 日三日火船直向東北而駛出了臺灣之外幾日不見天涯是時北風大作波浪沖天火船亦甚飄蕩而不能立見有沙鷗隨風而逐浪心直駛七日漸見小山而到琉球琉球一國長闊一百七十五里其國城在地球圖緯線赤道之北二十六度十四分經線中華北京偏東十一度二十四分自明以來世封王爵叨列藩籬其處土產不過蔬菜番薯菜油黑糖等類人民束髻大補是穿草履男女粧飾頭上祇插一簪二簪為別故少年之男女瞥目則無異及其壯也皆留鬚髯故街上長鬚之人甚多甲寅正月初一予上岸遊玩見街上兒童甚多分以銅錢各極歡喜人民亦甚謙恭民居間亦貼新春聯于門外但不見有別等繁華之事那霸有寺寺內有園是名家世宦之墳所以石刊刻姓名年號于碑上每日道人打掃供奉生花樹葉于墓前另有人家祖墳與中國之明塚無異峰巒之上樹木多植民房則以蠻石圍墻內以茅草結屋而居佳物椅棹俱無惟以草蓆屈膝而坐對火盆而吹煙民間亦有識中國言語字墨者 不張舖店惟有墟塲男不貿易婦女為之以貨易貨而外方之金銀弗尚焉然而百姓亦甚畏官長飲食亦甚粗粕甘守樸儉不務奢華亦鮮欺詐板門紙窓夜間亦不防竊曾見途中撿物亦能以返原人公門之內冷冷落落並無案牘之煩淳樸之風畧有同于上古之世我等外國之欲買什物須言于官官為代辦正月初六提督被理衛廉士等一班將官布列威嚴與予乘轎至王宮總理大臣尚宏勳為主席布政大夫馬良才為知客享宴甚豐食物多與中國無異宴後各官皆饋有紙扇烟包布帛等項是物雖粗此亦世子之恭敬外國故亞國亦以禮物而返贈之世子王宮離岸三里在于山頂是名守禮將至其宮一路亦有樹木石牌坊宮室亦甚寬大幽雅垣局可觀其處多栽鳳尾草森樹等類以障陰山邊田土樹藝五穀近海沙田水漲之後人收其沙以煎鹽此時明月當圓予覽山川亦足見一方之風景 ---> <!--- 中山世鑑 and so on. Lots of poetry too. ---> ===Unit 11: Nation Focus - Singapore=== <!--- National Library of Singapore has a poetry series that's super good! ---> ===Unit 12: Literary Chinese in Medicine=== <!--- do not endorse the medical practices discussed in these...make sure to link back to the heavenly stems here as they are associated with specific body parts. ---> # [[/Deviant Qi with Zhang Congzheng/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%84%92%E9%96%80%E4%BA%8B%E8%A6%AA ---> # [[/Anatomy with Sugita Genpaku/]] <!--- 解体新書 ---> ===Unit 13: People Focus - Zhuang peoples=== <!--- https://mooc1.chaoxing.com/mooc-ans/ztnodedetailcontroller/visitnodedetail?courseId=84745403&knowledgeId=84745463&_from_=&_fromV2_=&rtag= 《峤西诗钞》 is also a really good shout. ---> <!--- Basically, there are Zhuang and Tangut peoples who wrote in Literary Chinese, and their inclusion here is to show that even those who made their own scripts would use this tongue. 张鸿翮 imported the character 朴 to describe a bug, for example. ---> # [[/Zhuang poetry with Zhang Honghe/]] <!--- https://wenyi.gmw.cn/2024-06/25/content_37398911.htm 一是忠实记录了汉诗创作与古壮字交融的文化现象。清代壮族诗人张鸿翮（hé）《大塘谣》（《峤西诗钞》卷二）云： 去了休。去到大塘红蓼洲。红蓼生花，不结子。绿朴生花，毬见毬。 诗中所说“绿朴”，是壮族对柚子的惯称。“柚子”，壮语发音为“bug”。根据《古壮字字典》，其对应的古壮字为“朴（㭪）”。诗人将古壮字运用到汉文诗歌创作中，刻下了明清壮汉文化交相辉映的注脚。 This sort of thing is why Zhuang and Tangut inclusion is important, as they show how flexible Literary Chinese can be. ---> <!--- Possible Jurchen/Khitan focus? 耶律楚材 - Served 窝阔台, 玄風慶會錄 is short and respectable enough to work with. ---> ===Unit 14: People Focus - Tangut peoples=== <!--- 羅福萇 and 羅振玉 wrote studies on Western Xia / Tangut script. Look for poets and stuff. ---> ===Unit 15: Literary Chinese in the Military=== <!--- Real Sun Zi hours! 7 Military Classics are an obvious shout, but look for more stuff too. ---> # [[/Going to war with Boyan/]] <!--- Boyan's Poem from the 元史 　　伯顏，蒙古巴林部人。至元十一年拜中書左丞相，總兵伐宋。官至開府儀同三司，薨贈太師，封淮安王，諡忠武。 　　《玉堂嘉話》：初，宋未下時，江南謠云：「江南若破，白雁來過。」當時莫喻其意。及宋亡，蓋知指丞相巴延也。 　　過梅嶺岡留題 馬首經從庾嶺回 【 庾嶺回　七修類稿（乾隆刊本）卷四十六作「嶺島歸」。】 ，王師到處悉平夷。擔頭不帶江南物，只插梅花一兩枝。 　　《七修類藳》：伯顏下江南，過金陵梅嶺岡詩云云。所以著名，亦有是善。 ---> # [[/An Edict from the Xianbei/]] <!--- 教義詔 楊廣 武有七德，先之以安民。政有六本，興之以教義。高麗高元，虧失藩禮，將欲問罪遼左，恢宣勝略。雖懷伐國，仍事省方。今往涿郡，巡撫民俗。其河北諸郡及山西、山東年九十已上者，版授太守；八十者，授縣令。 ---> # [[/The Suppression of the Kingdom of Dongning/]] <!--- 台灣鄭氏始末 https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&chapter=139938 Largely a record of wars in Dongning rather than anything about the trade etc, so it fits here. ---> # [[/The Shunzhi Emperor vs Li Zicheng/]] <!--- 順治帝 告示 逆酋李自成已於通城斃命，各地鄉勇務隨我軍剿殺逆賊殘餘,凡有斬獲逆酋及擒獲逆酋交我軍者，一經驗證，按軍功論級給賞，必以示我朝皇恩浩蕩。 大清順治二年五月二十四日 恩詔 今月何日，為國曆改歲之履端,即為永昌書元之紀念？緬惟我朝民眾，三元肇慶，四始發祥。陳椒酒以飛觴，躋堂介壽；換桃符以獻歲，辟戶書新。翹望德容，河勝額手。今山河如舊，歲序更新;今天下同春，咸頒麗澤。願我朝君臣與萬民同樂，共沐化日光天，方不虛度韶華。 永昌二年新正初一 There's probably better choices here. Review. ---> ===Unit 16: Nation Focus - Vietnam=== <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/commit/cfe6700e01f6fd59616a375d31aa8cd096677be1 this first ---> # [[/Ancestor Veneration with the Descendants of Zhu Xi/]] <!--- https://github.com/ShiraTheMogul/fanyahanwen-corpus/tree/main/corpus%2F%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87%2Fclean somewhere in here ---> # [[/Spreading Revolutionary Consciousness with Phan Bội Châu and Liang Qichao/]] <!--- 越南亡國史 Possibly the most important text in Vietnamese history, not even gonna lie. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2 ---> # [[/Academia in Literary Chinese between East and West/]] <!--- 南風雜誌 is a massive shout here. Absolutely amazing series. ---> ===Unit 17: Historical Annals and Encyclopediae=== <!--- 永樂大典 will teach how to infer from gaps in texts! 《編類》 is an incredibly interesting essay from here that can bring up the odes and Confucius's「思無邪」quote. It can prepare students for the wrath of Qing academia later. ---> # [[/The History of Liao, Jin, and Song with Toqto'a/]] <!--- 脱脱 ---> # [[/Two Years in the Forbidden City with Yu Deling/]] <!--- 清宮禁二年記 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%AE%AE%E7%A6%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%A8%98 ---> # [[/Excerpts from a Modern History of the Da Shun/]] <!--- Fair Use of a 2010 book written in Literary Chinese about the Da Shun dynasty. Limit to 500 characters, if that. Use to encourage recognition of Simplified variants and modern Wenyanwen. ---> # [[/Documenting the World with Terajima/]] <!--- 和漢三才図会 寺島良安, built off 三才圖會 ---> ===Unit 18: Buddhist Literature=== <!--- You would be forgiven for wondering why this is so late, but if you look at many classical Buddhist texts you'll quickly see a ton of loanwords that make it significantly more difficult to read than the average text. Thus, it goes here for now. ---> <!--- Place focus on practical stuff first. Stuff you can and WILL see in Buddhist temples. Stuff Buddhists can take away immediately. Skills-based approach feels strongest here. ---> # [[/Dipping your feet in with Wenyan Shu/]] <!--- 華亭 世尊遺法本忘言，教外別傳意已圓。 只履攜將蔥嶺去，不妨來上月明船。 ---> # [[/The Seven Tathagatas/]] <!--- 南無寶勝如來 南無多寶如來 南無妙色身如來 南無廣博身如來 南無離怖畏如來 南無甘露王如來 南無阿彌陀佛 Use to introduce some core vocabulary in repetitive manner. Useful phrases from my trip to Jing'an Temple 南無本師釋迦牟尼佛 - Pay homage to the root teacher 南無大悲觀世音菩薩 - Pay homage to the goddess of mercy 廣種福田 - widely plant a meritorious field ---> # [[/Two Buddhist Temples in Shanghai/]] <!--- 留雲禪寺 雲留雲翔領畧幾許禪機此地有雲散天開真如界。 塔內塔外普示無邊圓覺是故曰塔影雙照解脫門。 歲次壬午冬月吉旦。 覺醒敬撰。 楊胡生沐手恭書。 善信印利明敬獻。 ---> <!--- 福慧宝鼎 慧明大和尚 - introduce the Buddhist timekeeping system with 佛歷 around this point. 赤烏古剎 建寺一千七百六十周年紀念 古剎三國建 滬瀆有重玄 石佛音淨現 聖跡顯重元 唐時稱永泰 宋敕名靜安 聖祖留佛闡 仲師移伽藍 元收八景偈 明鑄鐘聲梵 清樹化羅漢 選賢十方讚 佛日普光明 福慧共修善 鼎運昌隆際 轉正法輪緣 歲次丁亥住持慧明監製 ---> # [[/Foreseeing Monkhood with Yi Xing/]] <!--- 看命一掌金 ---> # [[/A Trip to Western Xia with Zhi Guang and Hui Zhen/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%91%AA%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%92%92%E5%9C%93%E5%9B%A0%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86 ---> # [[/Jizang's Three Discourses/]] <!--- https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%AB%96%E7%8E%84%E7%BE%A9 ---> <!--- I saw these texts being quoted and thus should consider them in some capacity. 《般若波羅蜜多心經》 《金剛般若波羅蜜經》 《一切智光明仙人慈心因緣不食肉經》 《妙法蓮華經》 《大般涅槃經》 《大方等大集經》 《大毘盧舍那成佛神變加持經蓮華胎藏悲生曼荼羅廣大成就儀軌供養方便會》/ 胎藏曼荼羅 《佛說救拔焰口餓鬼陀羅尼經》 《雜阿含經》 Look at Japan's 五山文学 ---> ===Unit 19: People Focus - Manchu peoples=== # [[/Qing dynasty Poetry with Nara Singde/]] <!--- 飲水詞 納蘭性德 https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%B4%8D%E8%98%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%B7 ---> # [[/Amassing Words with the Kangxi Emperor/]] <!--- Kangxi Dictionary Abstract - https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8 ---> # [[/Amassing Literature with the Qianlong Emperor/]] <!--- Siku Quanshu abstract https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE%E6%8F%90%E8%A6%81 ---> <!--- Yongzheng Emperor's Poetry https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D 《和碩怡賢親王祭文》 Also include 滿洲國 stuff to show the fall of the Qing and attempts to preserve it through becoming a Japanese puppet state. It is important to show how Literary Chinese can be misused as well. 滿洲國建國宣言 is a good shout, as is 法制 to prepare students who may be interested in Taiwan legal stuff later down the road. https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:%E6%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B ---> # [[/Paintings and Beauty with Puru Aisin-Gioro/]] <!--- Saw these in Shanghai Museum with some writing, seemed really cool. Teaches another skill. ---> ===Unit 20: Qing-RoC Literature=== <!--- many writers here, will be difficult to sift through. Include 四库全書 abstracts and stuff here. ---> # [[/Jewish Refugees in Shanghai/]] <!--- Show passports, certificates, etc, from the Jewish Refugee Museum, anonymised. ---> # [[/A Literary Chinese Abstract/]] <!--- Abstracts from siku quanshu, probably want others ---> # [[/Lament with Lu Ruoteng/]] <!--- 《疑猜》盧若騰，東寧國 盟誓變為交質子，春秋戰國風如此；末世上下相疑猜, 更質妻子防逃徙。 此法只可羈庸奴，若遇梟雄術窮矣；妻可再娶子再育, 安能長坐針氈裏。 我贈一法君記存；推心置腹人知恩；眾人畜之眾人報, 幾個國士在君門。 盧若騰撰，陳漢光編輯，《島噫詩》，臺灣文獻叢刊第二四五種（臺北:臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1968年）21頁。 ---> # [[/Common Linguistics Knowledge in the RoC/]] <!--- 音韻常識 ---> ==References used for this page== * Yang, B. (2016). 文言语法 [Literary Chinese Grammar] (1st ed). 中华书局 [Zhonghua Book Company]. ISBN: 978-7-101-11619-9 * Priestley, K. E., & Shou-jung, C. (1962). China’s Men of Letters, Yesterday and Today. Dragonfly Books. {{BookCat}} n8gq6uijox96luk019xr3w36w1r3w5x 0 481968 4634454 4634388 2026-05-06T16:46:16Z JustTheFacts33 3434282 /* Position 5, Engine: */ 4634454 wikitext text/x-wiki ===Positions 1–3, World Manufacturer Identifier:=== * WP0 - Porsche passenger car * WP1 - Porsche SUV ===Position 4, Body Style:=== '''924:''' * A = Coupe '''944:''' * A = Coupe * B = Cabriolet (1989 only) * C = Cabriolet (1990-1991) '''968/Boxster/Cayman/718:''' * A = Coupe * C = Cabriolet '''928:''' * J = Coupe (1981-1990) * A = Coupe (1991-1995) '''911:''' * A = Coupe (Except Type 930 Turbo coupe) * B = Targa (911 - Type 964/996/997/991/992) * C = Cabriolet (911 - Type 964/993/996/997/991/992) or Speedster (Type 964/997/991) or Roadster (Type 964) * D = Targa (911 - Type 993) * E = Targa or Cabriolet (911 [1981-1989] or 911 Turbo - Type 930 [1987-1989]) or Speedster (911 - 1989) * J = Turbo Coupe (911 - Type 930 [US: 1986-1989, Canada: 1981-1989]) '''Carrera GT / 918 Spyder:''' * C = Cabriolet '''Panamera / Taycan:''' * A = sedan (SWB) * B = LWB sedan (Panamera Executive) or Cross Turismo (Taycan) * C = Sport Turismo '''Macan / Cayenne:''' * A = SUV (wagon) * B = Coupe-styled SUV (Cayenne Coupe) ===Position 5, Engine:=== '''924:''' Type 924: *A = 2.0L SOHC 8-valve Audi EA831 I4, 110 hp (924 '81-'82) Type 931: *A = 2.0L turbo SOHC 8-valve Audi EA831 I4, 154 hp (924 Turbo '81-'82) Type 924: *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 147 hp (924S '87) *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 158 hp (924S '88) '''944:''' Type 944: *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 143 hp (944 [base model] '83-'86) *B = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 147 hp (944 [base model] '87) *B = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 158 hp (944 [base model] '88) *A = 2.5L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 188 hp (944S '87-'88) *A = 2.7L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 163 hp (944 [base model] '89) *B = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 208 hp (944 S2 '89 [coupe only], '90-'91 [coupe & cabriolet]) *A = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 208 hp (944 S2 '89 [cabriolet only]) Type 951: *A = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.51 I4, 217 hp (944 Turbo '86-'88) *A = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.52 I4, 247 hp (944 Turbo S '88, Turbo '89) *C = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.52 I4, 247 hp (944 Turbo '90 [Canada only]) '''968:''' *A = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 236 hp ('92-'95) '''928:''' *A = 4.5L SOHC 16-valve Porsche M28 V8, 220 hp (928 '81-'82) *B = 4.7L SOHC 16-valve Porsche M28 V8, 234 hp (928 S '83-'84) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 288 hp (928 S '85-'86) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 316 hp (928 S4 '87-'90) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 326 hp (928 GT '89-'90) *A = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 316 hp (928 S4 '91) *A = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 326 hp (928 GT '91) *A = 5.4L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 345 hp (928 GTS '93-'95) '''Boxster/Cayman:''' Type 986: *A = 2.5L flat-6, 201 hp (Boxster '97-'99) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 217 hp (Boxster '00-'02) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 225 hp (Boxster '03-'04) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 250 hp (Boxster S '00-'02) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 258 hp (Boxster S '03-'04) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 264 hp (Boxster S 50 Years of the 550 Spyder Anniversary Edition '04) Type 987: *A = 2.7L flat-6, 240 hp (Boxster '05-'06) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 245 hp (Boxster '07-'08, Limited Edition '08), 245 hp (Cayman '07-'08) *A = 2.9L flat-6, 255 hp (Boxster '09-'12), 265 hp (Cayman '09-'12) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 280 hp (Boxster S '05-'06) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 295 hp (Boxster S '07-'08, S Limited Edition '08), 295 hp (Cayman S '06-'08) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 310 hp (Boxster S '09-'12), 320 hp (Cayman S '09-'12) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 303 hp (Boxster S Porsche Design Edition 2 '08, RS 60 Spyder '08), 303 hp (Cayman S Sport '08) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 320 hp (Boxster S Black Edition '12, Spyder '11-'12), 330 hp (Cayman S Black Edition '12, Cayman R '12) Type 981: *A = 2.7L flat-6, 265 hp (Boxster '13-'16, Boxster Black Edition '16), 275 hp (Cayman '14-'16) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 315 hp (Boxster S '13-'16), 325 hp (Cayman S '14-'16) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 330 hp (Boxster GTS '15-'16), 340 hp (Cayman GTS '15-'16) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 375 hp (Boxster Spyder '16), 385 hp (Cayman GT4 '16) '''718 Boxster/Cayman:''' Type 982: *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 300 hp <br> (718 Boxster '17-'25, 718 Boxster T '20-'23, 718 Boxster Style Edition '24-'25, 718 Cayman '17-'25, 718 Cayman T '20-'23, 718 Cayman Style Edition '24-'25) *B = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 350 hp (718 Boxster S, 718 Cayman S '17-'25) *B = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 365 hp (718 Boxster GTS, 718 Cayman GTS '18-'19) *D = 4.0L flat-6, 394 hp (718 Boxster GTS 4.0 '21-'25, 718 Boxster 25 Years '21, 718 Cayman GTS 4.0 '21-'25) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 414 hp (718 Spyder, 718 Cayman GT4 '20-'23) *E = 4.0L flat-6, 493 hp (718 Spyder RS '24-'25, 718 Cayman GT4 RS '23-'25) '''911:''' Type 911: *B = 3.0L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 172 hp (911 SC Coupe/Targa '81-'83, Cabriolet '83) *B = 3.2L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 200 hp (911 Carrera '84-'86) *B = 3.2L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 214 hp (911 Carrera '87-'89, Club Sport '88-'89, Speedster '89) Type 930: *B = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 282 hp (911 Turbo '86-'89) Type 964: *B = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 247 hp (911 Carrera 2 '90-'94, Targa '90-'94, 911 America Roadster '92-'93, RS America '93-'94, Speedster '94,<br> Carrera 4 '89-'94, Carrera 4 Widebody Coupe '94, Carrera 4 Targa '90-'93) *B = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 256 hp (911 Carrera Cup USA Edition '92) *A = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 315 hp (911 Turbo '91-'92) *C = 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 355 hp (911 Turbo 3.6 '94) *C = 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 380 hp (911 Turbo S 3.6 '94) Type 993: *A = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 270 hp (911 Carrera '95, Carrera 4 '95) *A = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 282 hp (911 Carrera '96-'98, Targa '96-'98, Carrera S '98, Carrera 4 '96-'98, Carrera 4S '96-'98) *C = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 400 hp (911 Turbo '96-'97) *C = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 424 hp (911 Turbo S '97) Type 996: *A = 3.4L DOHC 24-valve water-cooled flat-6, 296 hp (911 Carrera '99, Carrera 4 '99) *A = 3.4L flat-6, 300 hp (911 Carrera '00-'01, Carrera 4 '00-'01) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 320 hp (911 Carrera '02-'04, Carrera Cabriolet '05, Targa '02-'05, Carrera 4 '02-'04, Carrera 4S '03-'05) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 345 hp (911 Carrera 40th Anniversary Edition -'04) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 415 hp (911 Turbo '01-'05) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 444 hp (911 Turbo S '05) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 381 hp (911 GT3 '04-'05) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 456 hp (911 GT2 '02-'03) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 477 hp (911 GT2 '04) Type 997: *A = 3.6L flat-6, 325 hp (911 Carrera '05-'08, Carrera 4 '06-'08, Targa 4 '07-'08) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 345 hp (911 Carrera '09-'12, Carrera Black Edition '12, Carrera 4 '09-'12, Targa 4 '09-'12) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 355 hp (911 Carrera S '05-'08, Carrera 4S '06-'08, Targa 4S '07-'08) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 385 hp (911 Carrera S '09-'12, Carrera 4S '09-'12, Targa 4S '09-'12) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 381 hp (911 Carrera S Club Coupe '06) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 408 hp (911 Carrera GTS '11-'12, Carrera 4 GTS '12, Speedster '11) *D = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 480 hp (911 Turbo '07-'09) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 500 hp (911 Turbo '10-'13) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 530 hp (911 Turbo S '11-'13) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 415 hp (911 GT3 '07-'08) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 435 hp (911 GT3 '10-'11) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 415 hp (911 GT3 RS '07-'08) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 450 hp (911 GT3 RS '10-'11) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3 RS 4.0 '11) *D = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 530 hp (911 GT2 '08-'09) *E = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 620 hp (911 GT2 RS '11) Type 991.1: *A = 3.4L flat-6, 350 hp (911 Carrera '12-'16, Carrera 4 '13-'16, Targa 4 '14-'16) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 400 hp (911 Carrera S '12-'16, Carrera 4S '13-'16, Targa 4S '14-'16, 911 50th Anniversary Edition '14) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 430 hp (911 Carrera GTS '15-'16, Carrera 4 GTS '15-'16, Targa 4 GTS '16) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 520 hp (911 Turbo '14-'16) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 560 hp (911 Turbo S '14-'16) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 475 hp (911 GT3 '14-'15) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3 RS '16, 911 R '16) Type 991.2: *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 370 hp (911 Carrera '17-'19, Carrera T '18-'19, Carrera 4 '17-'19, Targa 4 '17-'19) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 420 hp (911 Carrera S '17-'19, Carrera 4S '17-'19, Targa 4S '17-'19) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 450 hp (911 Carrera GTS '17-'19, Carrera 4 GTS '17-'19, Targa 4 GTS '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 540 hp (911 Turbo '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 580 hp (911 Turbo S '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 607 hp (911 Turbo S Exclusive Series '18-'19) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3, GT3 Touring '18-'19) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 502 hp (911 Speedster '19) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 520 hp (911 GT3 RS '19) *E = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 690 hp (911 GT2 RS '18-'19) Type 992: *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 379 hp (911 Carrera '20-'24, Carrera T '23-'24, Carrera 4 '20-'24, Targa 4 '21-'24) *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 388 hp (911 Carrera, Carrera T '25-, Carrera T Club Coupe '26) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 443 hp (911 Carrera S '20-'24, Carrera 4S '20-'24, Targa 4S '21-'24) *H = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 473 hp (911 Carrera S '26-, Carrera 4S '26-, Targa 4S '26-) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 473 hp (911 Carrera GTS '22-'24, Carrera 4 GTS '22-'24, Targa 4 GTS '22-'24, Dakar '23-'24) *B = Hybrid: 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 532 hp (911 Carrera GTS, Carrera 4 GTS, Targa 4 GTS '25-, 911 Spirit 70 '26) *G = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 543 hp (911 Sport Classic '23) *D = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 572 hp (911 Turbo '21-'25) *D = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 640 hp (911 Turbo S '21-'25) *D = Hybrid: 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 701 hp (911 Turbo S '26-) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 502 hp (911 GT3, GT3 Touring '22-'26) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 518 hp (911 GT3 RS '23-'25, 911 S/T '24) '''Carrera GT:''' *A = 5.7L Porsche M80.01 68° V10, 605 hp (Carrera GT '04-'05) '''918 Spyder:''' *A = PHEV: 4.6L Porsche M18 flat-plane crank V8 + 2 electric motors (1 front, 1 rear), Lithium-ion battery, 887 total system hp (918 Spyder '15) '''Panamera:''' Type 970: *A = 3.6L Porsche M46.20 (2wd)/M46.40 (4wd) 90° V6, 300 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '11-'13) *A = 3.6L Porsche M46.20 (2wd)/M46.40 (4wd) 90° V6, 310 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '14-'16) *D = HEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Nickel-metal hydride battery, 380 hp (Panamera S Hybrid '12-'13) *D = PHEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 416 hp (Panamera S E-Hybrid '14-'16) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 400 hp (Panamera S, 4S '10-'13) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.60 90° V6, 420 hp (Panamera S, 4S '14-'16) *F = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 430 hp (Panamera GTS '13) *F = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 440 hp (Panamera GTS '14-'16) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Panamera Turbo '10-'13) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Panamera Turbo '14-'16) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Panamera Turbo S '12-'13) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 570 hp (Panamera Turbo S '15-'16) Type 971 & 976: *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 330 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '17-'20) *J = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 325 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '21-'23) *A = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 348 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '24-) *E = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 455 hp (Panamera 4 E-Hybrid '18-'23) *E = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 463 hp (Panamera 4 E-Hybrid '25-) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 440 hp (Panamera 4S '17-'20) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 443 hp (Panamera 4S '21-'23) *K = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 552 hp (Panamera 4S E-Hybrid '21-'23) *C = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 536 hp (Panamera 4S E-Hybrid '25-) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 453 hp (Panamera GTS '19-'20) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 473 hp (Panamera GTS '21-'23) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 493 hp (Panamera GTS '25-) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 550 hp (Panamera Turbo '17-'20) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 620 hp (Panamera Turbo S '21-'23) *F = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 670 hp (Panamera Turbo E-Hybrid '25-) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 680 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '18-'20) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 690 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '21-'23) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 771 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '25-) '''Taycan:''' *A = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 402 hp (71 Kwh battery) or 469 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan '21-'24) *A = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 402 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 429 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan '25-) *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 402 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 429 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4 '25-) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 522 hp (71 Kwh battery) or 562 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4S '20-'24) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 536 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 590 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4S '25-) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 590 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan GTS '22-'24) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 690 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan GTS '25-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 670 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo '20-'24) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 750 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo S '20-'24) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 871 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo '25-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 938 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo S '25-) *E = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 1019 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo GT '25-) '''Macan:''' *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA888T I4, 248 hp (Macan '17-'21) *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA888T I4, 261 hp (Macan '22-, Macan T '23-) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.30 90° V6, 340 hp (Macan S '15-'18) *B = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 348 hp (Macan S '19-'21) *G = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 375 hp (Macan S '22-) *G = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.30 90° V6, 360 hp (Macan GTS '17-'18) *G = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 375 hp (Macan GTS '20-'21) *F = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Macan GTS '22-) *F = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 400 hp (Macan Turbo '15-'18) *F = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 440 hp (Macan Turbo w/Performance Package '17-'18) *F = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Macan Turbo '20-'21) '''Macan Electric:''' *D = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 355 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric '25-) *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 402 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric 4 '24-) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 509 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric 4S '25-) *E = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 563 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric GTS '26-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 630 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric Turbo '24-) '''Cayenne:''' 955/957 or 9PA: *A = 3.2L (3189cc) VW EA390 15° VR6, 247 hp (Cayenne '04-'06) *A = 3.6L (3598cc) VW EA390 10.6° FSI VR6, 290 hp (Cayenne '08-'10) *B = 4.5L Porsche M48 V8, 340 hp (Cayenne S '03-'06, S Titanium Edition '06) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 385 hp (Cayenne S '08-'10) *D = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 405 hp (Cayenne GTS '08-'10, S Transsyberia '10) *C = 4.5L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 450 hp (Cayenne Turbo '03-'06) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Cayenne Turbo '08-'10) *C = 4.5L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '06) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '09-'10) 958 or 92A: *A = 3.6L (3598cc) VW EA390 10.6° VR6, 300 hp (Cayenne '11-'14, '16-'18) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 400 hp (Cayenne S '11-'14) *B = 3.6L (3604cc) twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 420 hp (Cayenne S '15-'18) *E = HEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Nickel-metal hydride battery, 380 hp (Cayenne S Hybrid '11-'14) *E = PHEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 416 hp (Cayenne S E-Hybrid '15-'18) *D = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 420 hp (Cayenne GTS '13-'14) *D = 3.6L (3604cc) twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 440 hp (Cayenne GTS '16-'18) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Cayenne Turbo '11-'14) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Cayenne Turbo '15-'18) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '14) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 570 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '16-'18) *F = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA897 90° Diesel V6, 240 hp (Cayenne Diesel '13-'16) 9YA/9YB: *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 335 hp (Cayenne '19-'23) *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 348 hp (Cayenne '24-) *E = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 455 hp (Cayenne E-Hybrid '19-'23) *E = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 463 hp (Cayenne E-Hybrid '24-) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Cayenne S '19-'23) *L = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 468 hp (Cayenne S '24-) *N = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 512 hp (Cayenne S E-Hybrid '24-) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 453 hp (Cayenne GTS '21-'23) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 493 hp (Cayenne GTS '25-) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 541 hp (Cayenne Turbo '19-'23) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 670 hp (Cayenne Turbo S E-Hybrid '20-'23) *M = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 729 hp (Cayenne Turbo E-Hybrid '24-) *K = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 631 hp (Cayenne Coupe Turbo GT '22-'23) *K = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 650 hp (Cayenne Coupe Turbo GT '24-) '''Cayenne Electric:''' *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 435 hp (108 Kwh battery) (Cayenne Electric '26-) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 1139 hp (108 Kwh battery) (Cayenne Electric Turbo '26-) ===Position 6, Restraint Systems:=== *1 = Seat Belts only *2 = Passive Restraint System - Airbags (Driver and Passenger Front Airbags) ===Position 7-8, Vehicle Type Code=== {| class="wikitable" |+Position 7 !VIN Pos. 7-8 !Complete Vehicle Type Code !Model !Type |- |92 |924 |924 (1981-1982 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |93 |931 |924 Turbo (1981-1982) |931 |- |92 |924 |924S (1987-1988 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |94 |944 |944 (1983-1991 w/normally aspirated engine) |944 |- |95 |951 |944 Turbo (1986-1989 & 1990 in Canada) |951 |- |96 |968 |968 (1992-1995) |968 |- |92 |928 |928 (1981-1995) |928 |- |98 |986 |Boxster (1997-2004) |986 |- |98 |987 |Boxster (2005-2009)/Cayman (2006-2009) |987 |- |A8 |A87 |Boxster (2010-2012)/Cayman (2010-2012) |987 |- |A8 |A81 |Boxster (2013-2016)/Cayman (2014-2016) |981 |- |A8 |A82 |718 Boxster/Cayman (2017-2025) |982 |- |91 |911 |911 (1981-1989 2wd w/normally aspirated engine) |911 |- |93 |930 |911 (1986-1989 911 Turbo) |930 |- |96 |964 |911 (1989-1994 Carrera 4, 1990-1994 Carrera 2, 1991-1994 Turbo) |964 |- |99 |993 |911 (1995-1998) |993 |- |99 |996 |911 (1999-2004) |996 |- |99 |997 |911 (2005-2009) |997 |- |A9 |A97 |911 (2010-2012) |997 |- |A9 |A91 |911 (2013-2019) |991 |- |A9 |A92 |911 (2020-) |992 |- |98 |980 |Carrera GT (2004-2005) |980 |- |A1 |A18 |918 Spyder (2015) |918 |- |A7 |A70 |Panamera (2010-2016) |970 |- |A7 |A71 |Panamera (2017-2023) |971 |- |YA | |Panamera (2024-) |976 |- |Y1 |Y1A |Taycan (2020-) |9J1 or <br> Y1A (sedan)/Y1B (Cross Turismo)/Y1C (Sport Turismo) |- |A5 |A5B |Macan (2015-) |95B |- |XA | |Macan Electric (2024-) |XAB |- |9P |9PA |Cayenne (2003-2009) |9PA |- |AP |APA |Cayenne (2010) |9PA |- |A2 |A2A |Cayenne (2011-2018) |92A |- |AY |AYA |Cayenne (wagon: 2019-, coupe: 2020-) |9YA (wagon)/9YB (coupe) |- |X1 | |Cayenne Electric (2026-) |E4 |} ===Position 9, Check Digit=== [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit |Check digit]] ===Position 10, Model Year: === [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]] ===Position 11, Production Plant:=== * S: Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen, Germany * L: Leipzig, Germany * D: Bratislava, Slovakia (VW plant - Cayenne '19-) * K: Osnabrueck, Germany (ex-Karmann VW plant - Cayenne '16-'18, Boxster '13-15, Cayman '14-'16, 718 Boxster '24-'25, 718 Cayman '17-'18, '20-'21, '23-'25) * N: Neckarsulm, Germany (Audi plant - 924, 944) * U: Uusikaupunki, Finland (Valmet plant - Boxster '98-'11, Cayman '06-'12) ===Position 12, 3rd Digit of Vehicle Type Code=== Note: Only applies to models with a 3-digit Vehicle Type Code. Models with a 2-digit Vehicle Type Code use pos. 12 for the serial number. {| class="wikitable" |+Position 12 !VIN Pos. 12 !Complete Vehicle Type Code !Model !Type |- |4 |924 |924 (1981-1982 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |1 |931 |924 Turbo (1981-1982) |931 |- |4 |924 |924S (1987-1988 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |4 |944 |944 (1983-1991 w/normally aspirated engine) |944 |- |1 |951 |944 Turbo (1986-1989 & 1990 in Canada) |951 |- |8 |968 |968 (1992-1995) |968 |- |8 |928 |928 (1981-1995) |928 |- |6 |986 |Boxster (1997-2004) |986 |- |7 |987 |Boxster (2005-2009)/Cayman (2006-2009) |987 |- |7 |A87 |Boxster (2010-2012)/Cayman (2010-2012) |987 |- |1 |A81 |Boxster (2013-2016)/Cayman (2014-2016) |981 |- |2 |A82 |718 Boxster/Cayman (2017-2025) |982 |- |1 |911 |911 (1981-1989 2wd w/normally aspirated engine) |911 |- |0 |930 |911 (1986-1989 911 Turbo) |930 |- |4 |964 |911 (1989-1994 Carrera 4, 1990-1994 Carrera 2, 1991-1994 Turbo) |964 |- |3 |993 |911 (1995-1998) |993 |- |6 |996 |911 (1999-2004) |996 |- |7 |997 |911 (2005-2009) |997 |- |7 |A97 |911 (2010-2012) |997 |- |1 |A91 |911 (2013-2019) |991 |- |2 |A92 |911 (2020-) |992 |- |0 |980 |Carrera GT (2004-2005) |980 |- |8 |A18 |918 Spyder (2015) |918 |- |0 |A70 |Panamera (2010-2016) |970 |- |1 |A71 |Panamera (2017-2023) |971 |- |A |Y1A |Taycan (2020-) |9J1 or <br> Y1A (sedan)/Y1B (Cross Turismo)/Y1C (Sport Turismo) |- |B |A5B |Macan (2015-) |95B |- |A |9PA |Cayenne (2003-2009) |9PA |- |A |APA |Cayenne (2010) |9PA |- |A |A2A |Cayenne (2011-2018) |92A |- |A |AYA |Cayenne (wagon: 2019-, coupe: 2020-) |9YA (wagon)/9YB (coupe) |} '''Positions 12–17 or 13–17, Serial Number''' {{BookCat}} pezvc789ufe4hcm9481l8mf9yqt8qz3 4634456 4634454 2026-05-06T17:06:49Z JustTheFacts33 3434282 /* Position 11, Production Plant: */ 4634456 wikitext text/x-wiki ===Positions 1–3, World Manufacturer Identifier:=== * WP0 - Porsche passenger car * WP1 - Porsche SUV ===Position 4, Body Style:=== '''924:''' * A = Coupe '''944:''' * A = Coupe * B = Cabriolet (1989 only) * C = Cabriolet (1990-1991) '''968/Boxster/Cayman/718:''' * A = Coupe * C = Cabriolet '''928:''' * J = Coupe (1981-1990) * A = Coupe (1991-1995) '''911:''' * A = Coupe (Except Type 930 Turbo coupe) * B = Targa (911 - Type 964/996/997/991/992) * C = Cabriolet (911 - Type 964/993/996/997/991/992) or Speedster (Type 964/997/991) or Roadster (Type 964) * D = Targa (911 - Type 993) * E = Targa or Cabriolet (911 [1981-1989] or 911 Turbo - Type 930 [1987-1989]) or Speedster (911 - 1989) * J = Turbo Coupe (911 - Type 930 [US: 1986-1989, Canada: 1981-1989]) '''Carrera GT / 918 Spyder:''' * C = Cabriolet '''Panamera / Taycan:''' * A = sedan (SWB) * B = LWB sedan (Panamera Executive) or Cross Turismo (Taycan) * C = Sport Turismo '''Macan / Cayenne:''' * A = SUV (wagon) * B = Coupe-styled SUV (Cayenne Coupe) ===Position 5, Engine:=== '''924:''' Type 924: *A = 2.0L SOHC 8-valve Audi EA831 I4, 110 hp (924 '81-'82) Type 931: *A = 2.0L turbo SOHC 8-valve Audi EA831 I4, 154 hp (924 Turbo '81-'82) Type 924: *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 147 hp (924S '87) *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 158 hp (924S '88) '''944:''' Type 944: *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 143 hp (944 [base model] '83-'86) *B = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 147 hp (944 [base model] '87) *B = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 158 hp (944 [base model] '88) *A = 2.5L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 188 hp (944S '87-'88) *A = 2.7L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 163 hp (944 [base model] '89) *B = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 208 hp (944 S2 '89 [coupe only], '90-'91 [coupe & cabriolet]) *A = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 208 hp (944 S2 '89 [cabriolet only]) Type 951: *A = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.51 I4, 217 hp (944 Turbo '86-'88) *A = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.52 I4, 247 hp (944 Turbo S '88, Turbo '89) *C = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.52 I4, 247 hp (944 Turbo '90 [Canada only]) '''968:''' *A = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 236 hp ('92-'95) '''928:''' *A = 4.5L SOHC 16-valve Porsche M28 V8, 220 hp (928 '81-'82) *B = 4.7L SOHC 16-valve Porsche M28 V8, 234 hp (928 S '83-'84) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 288 hp (928 S '85-'86) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 316 hp (928 S4 '87-'90) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 326 hp (928 GT '89-'90) *A = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 316 hp (928 S4 '91) *A = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 326 hp (928 GT '91) *A = 5.4L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 345 hp (928 GTS '93-'95) '''Boxster/Cayman:''' Type 986: *A = 2.5L flat-6, 201 hp (Boxster '97-'99) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 217 hp (Boxster '00-'02) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 225 hp (Boxster '03-'04) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 250 hp (Boxster S '00-'02) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 258 hp (Boxster S '03-'04) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 264 hp (Boxster S 50 Years of the 550 Spyder Anniversary Edition '04) Type 987: *A = 2.7L flat-6, 240 hp (Boxster '05-'06) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 245 hp (Boxster '07-'08, Limited Edition '08), 245 hp (Cayman '07-'08) *A = 2.9L flat-6, 255 hp (Boxster '09-'12), 265 hp (Cayman '09-'12) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 280 hp (Boxster S '05-'06) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 295 hp (Boxster S '07-'08, S Limited Edition '08), 295 hp (Cayman S '06-'08) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 310 hp (Boxster S '09-'12), 320 hp (Cayman S '09-'12) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 303 hp (Boxster S Porsche Design Edition 2 '08, RS 60 Spyder '08), 303 hp (Cayman S Sport '08) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 320 hp (Boxster S Black Edition '12, Spyder '11-'12), 330 hp (Cayman S Black Edition '12, Cayman R '12) Type 981: *A = 2.7L flat-6, 265 hp (Boxster '13-'16, Boxster Black Edition '16), 275 hp (Cayman '14-'16) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 315 hp (Boxster S '13-'16), 325 hp (Cayman S '14-'16) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 330 hp (Boxster GTS '15-'16), 340 hp (Cayman GTS '15-'16) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 375 hp (Boxster Spyder '16), 385 hp (Cayman GT4 '16) '''718 Boxster/Cayman:''' Type 982: *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 300 hp <br> (718 Boxster '17-'25, 718 Boxster T '20-'23, 718 Boxster Style Edition '24-'25, 718 Cayman '17-'25, 718 Cayman T '20-'23, 718 Cayman Style Edition '24-'25) *B = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 350 hp (718 Boxster S, 718 Cayman S '17-'25) *B = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 365 hp (718 Boxster GTS, 718 Cayman GTS '18-'19) *D = 4.0L flat-6, 394 hp (718 Boxster GTS 4.0 '21-'25, 718 Boxster 25 Years '21, 718 Cayman GTS 4.0 '21-'25) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 414 hp (718 Spyder, 718 Cayman GT4 '20-'23) *E = 4.0L flat-6, 493 hp (718 Spyder RS '24-'25, 718 Cayman GT4 RS '23-'25) '''911:''' Type 911: *B = 3.0L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 172 hp (911 SC Coupe/Targa '81-'83, Cabriolet '83) *B = 3.2L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 200 hp (911 Carrera '84-'86) *B = 3.2L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 214 hp (911 Carrera '87-'89, Club Sport '88-'89, Speedster '89) Type 930: *B = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 282 hp (911 Turbo '86-'89) Type 964: *B = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 247 hp (911 Carrera 2 '90-'94, Targa '90-'94, 911 America Roadster '92-'93, RS America '93-'94, Speedster '94,<br> Carrera 4 '89-'94, Carrera 4 Widebody Coupe '94, Carrera 4 Targa '90-'93) *B = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 256 hp (911 Carrera Cup USA Edition '92) *A = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 315 hp (911 Turbo '91-'92) *C = 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 355 hp (911 Turbo 3.6 '94) *C = 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 380 hp (911 Turbo S 3.6 '94) Type 993: *A = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 270 hp (911 Carrera '95, Carrera 4 '95) *A = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 282 hp (911 Carrera '96-'98, Targa '96-'98, Carrera S '98, Carrera 4 '96-'98, Carrera 4S '96-'98) *C = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 400 hp (911 Turbo '96-'97) *C = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 424 hp (911 Turbo S '97) Type 996: *A = 3.4L DOHC 24-valve water-cooled flat-6, 296 hp (911 Carrera '99, Carrera 4 '99) *A = 3.4L flat-6, 300 hp (911 Carrera '00-'01, Carrera 4 '00-'01) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 320 hp (911 Carrera '02-'04, Carrera Cabriolet '05, Targa '02-'05, Carrera 4 '02-'04, Carrera 4S '03-'05) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 345 hp (911 Carrera 40th Anniversary Edition -'04) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 415 hp (911 Turbo '01-'05) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 444 hp (911 Turbo S '05) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 381 hp (911 GT3 '04-'05) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 456 hp (911 GT2 '02-'03) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 477 hp (911 GT2 '04) Type 997: *A = 3.6L flat-6, 325 hp (911 Carrera '05-'08, Carrera 4 '06-'08, Targa 4 '07-'08) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 345 hp (911 Carrera '09-'12, Carrera Black Edition '12, Carrera 4 '09-'12, Targa 4 '09-'12) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 355 hp (911 Carrera S '05-'08, Carrera 4S '06-'08, Targa 4S '07-'08) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 385 hp (911 Carrera S '09-'12, Carrera 4S '09-'12, Targa 4S '09-'12) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 381 hp (911 Carrera S Club Coupe '06) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 408 hp (911 Carrera GTS '11-'12, Carrera 4 GTS '12, Speedster '11) *D = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 480 hp (911 Turbo '07-'09) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 500 hp (911 Turbo '10-'13) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 530 hp (911 Turbo S '11-'13) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 415 hp (911 GT3 '07-'08) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 435 hp (911 GT3 '10-'11) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 415 hp (911 GT3 RS '07-'08) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 450 hp (911 GT3 RS '10-'11) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3 RS 4.0 '11) *D = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 530 hp (911 GT2 '08-'09) *E = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 620 hp (911 GT2 RS '11) Type 991.1: *A = 3.4L flat-6, 350 hp (911 Carrera '12-'16, Carrera 4 '13-'16, Targa 4 '14-'16) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 400 hp (911 Carrera S '12-'16, Carrera 4S '13-'16, Targa 4S '14-'16, 911 50th Anniversary Edition '14) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 430 hp (911 Carrera GTS '15-'16, Carrera 4 GTS '15-'16, Targa 4 GTS '16) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 520 hp (911 Turbo '14-'16) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 560 hp (911 Turbo S '14-'16) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 475 hp (911 GT3 '14-'15) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3 RS '16, 911 R '16) Type 991.2: *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 370 hp (911 Carrera '17-'19, Carrera T '18-'19, Carrera 4 '17-'19, Targa 4 '17-'19) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 420 hp (911 Carrera S '17-'19, Carrera 4S '17-'19, Targa 4S '17-'19) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 450 hp (911 Carrera GTS '17-'19, Carrera 4 GTS '17-'19, Targa 4 GTS '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 540 hp (911 Turbo '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 580 hp (911 Turbo S '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 607 hp (911 Turbo S Exclusive Series '18-'19) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3, GT3 Touring '18-'19) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 502 hp (911 Speedster '19) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 520 hp (911 GT3 RS '19) *E = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 690 hp (911 GT2 RS '18-'19) Type 992: *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 379 hp (911 Carrera '20-'24, Carrera T '23-'24, Carrera 4 '20-'24, Targa 4 '21-'24) *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 388 hp (911 Carrera, Carrera T '25-, Carrera T Club Coupe '26) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 443 hp (911 Carrera S '20-'24, Carrera 4S '20-'24, Targa 4S '21-'24) *H = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 473 hp (911 Carrera S '26-, Carrera 4S '26-, Targa 4S '26-) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 473 hp (911 Carrera GTS '22-'24, Carrera 4 GTS '22-'24, Targa 4 GTS '22-'24, Dakar '23-'24) *B = Hybrid: 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 532 hp (911 Carrera GTS, Carrera 4 GTS, Targa 4 GTS '25-, 911 Spirit 70 '26) *G = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 543 hp (911 Sport Classic '23) *D = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 572 hp (911 Turbo '21-'25) *D = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 640 hp (911 Turbo S '21-'25) *D = Hybrid: 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 701 hp (911 Turbo S '26-) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 502 hp (911 GT3, GT3 Touring '22-'26) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 518 hp (911 GT3 RS '23-'25, 911 S/T '24) '''Carrera GT:''' *A = 5.7L Porsche M80.01 68° V10, 605 hp (Carrera GT '04-'05) '''918 Spyder:''' *A = PHEV: 4.6L Porsche M18 flat-plane crank V8 + 2 electric motors (1 front, 1 rear), Lithium-ion battery, 887 total system hp (918 Spyder '15) '''Panamera:''' Type 970: *A = 3.6L Porsche M46.20 (2wd)/M46.40 (4wd) 90° V6, 300 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '11-'13) *A = 3.6L Porsche M46.20 (2wd)/M46.40 (4wd) 90° V6, 310 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '14-'16) *D = HEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Nickel-metal hydride battery, 380 hp (Panamera S Hybrid '12-'13) *D = PHEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 416 hp (Panamera S E-Hybrid '14-'16) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 400 hp (Panamera S, 4S '10-'13) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.60 90° V6, 420 hp (Panamera S, 4S '14-'16) *F = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 430 hp (Panamera GTS '13) *F = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 440 hp (Panamera GTS '14-'16) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Panamera Turbo '10-'13) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Panamera Turbo '14-'16) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Panamera Turbo S '12-'13) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 570 hp (Panamera Turbo S '15-'16) Type 971 & 976: *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 330 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '17-'20) *J = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 325 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '21-'23) *A = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 348 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '24-) *E = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 455 hp (Panamera 4 E-Hybrid '18-'23) *E = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 463 hp (Panamera 4 E-Hybrid '25-) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 440 hp (Panamera 4S '17-'20) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 443 hp (Panamera 4S '21-'23) *K = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 552 hp (Panamera 4S E-Hybrid '21-'23) *C = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 536 hp (Panamera 4S E-Hybrid '25-) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 453 hp (Panamera GTS '19-'20) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 473 hp (Panamera GTS '21-'23) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 493 hp (Panamera GTS '25-) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 550 hp (Panamera Turbo '17-'20) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 620 hp (Panamera Turbo S '21-'23) *F = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 670 hp (Panamera Turbo E-Hybrid '25-) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 680 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '18-'20) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 690 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '21-'23) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 771 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '25-) '''Taycan:''' *A = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 402 hp (71 Kwh battery) or 469 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan '21-'24) *A = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 402 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 429 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan '25-) *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 402 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 429 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4 '25-) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 522 hp (71 Kwh battery) or 562 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4S '20-'24) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 536 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 590 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4S '25-) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 590 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan GTS '22-'24) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 690 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan GTS '25-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 670 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo '20-'24) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 750 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo S '20-'24) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 871 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo '25-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 938 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo S '25-) *E = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 1019 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo GT '25-) '''Macan:''' *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA888T I4, 248 hp (Macan '17-'21) *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA888T I4, 261 hp (Macan '22-, Macan T '23-) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.30 90° V6, 340 hp (Macan S '15-'18) *B = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 348 hp (Macan S '19-'21) *G = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 375 hp (Macan S '22-) *G = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.30 90° V6, 360 hp (Macan GTS '17-'18) *G = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 375 hp (Macan GTS '20-'21) *F = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Macan GTS '22-) *F = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 400 hp (Macan Turbo '15-'18) *F = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 440 hp (Macan Turbo w/Performance Package '17-'18) *F = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Macan Turbo '20-'21) '''Macan Electric:''' *D = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 355 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric '25-) *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 402 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric 4 '24-) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 509 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric 4S '25-) *E = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 563 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric GTS '26-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 630 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric Turbo '24-) '''Cayenne:''' 955/957 or 9PA: *A = 3.2L (3189cc) VW EA390 15° VR6, 247 hp (Cayenne '04-'06) *A = 3.6L (3598cc) VW EA390 10.6° FSI VR6, 290 hp (Cayenne '08-'10) *B = 4.5L Porsche M48 V8, 340 hp (Cayenne S '03-'06, S Titanium Edition '06) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 385 hp (Cayenne S '08-'10) *D = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 405 hp (Cayenne GTS '08-'10, S Transsyberia '10) *C = 4.5L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 450 hp (Cayenne Turbo '03-'06) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Cayenne Turbo '08-'10) *C = 4.5L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '06) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '09-'10) 958 or 92A: *A = 3.6L (3598cc) VW EA390 10.6° VR6, 300 hp (Cayenne '11-'14, '16-'18) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 400 hp (Cayenne S '11-'14) *B = 3.6L (3604cc) twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 420 hp (Cayenne S '15-'18) *E = HEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Nickel-metal hydride battery, 380 hp (Cayenne S Hybrid '11-'14) *E = PHEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 416 hp (Cayenne S E-Hybrid '15-'18) *D = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 420 hp (Cayenne GTS '13-'14) *D = 3.6L (3604cc) twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 440 hp (Cayenne GTS '16-'18) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Cayenne Turbo '11-'14) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Cayenne Turbo '15-'18) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '14) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 570 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '16-'18) *F = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA897 90° Diesel V6, 240 hp (Cayenne Diesel '13-'16) 9YA/9YB: *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 335 hp (Cayenne '19-'23) *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 348 hp (Cayenne '24-) *E = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 455 hp (Cayenne E-Hybrid '19-'23) *E = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 463 hp (Cayenne E-Hybrid '24-) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Cayenne S '19-'23) *L = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 468 hp (Cayenne S '24-) *N = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 512 hp (Cayenne S E-Hybrid '24-) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 453 hp (Cayenne GTS '21-'23) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 493 hp (Cayenne GTS '25-) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 541 hp (Cayenne Turbo '19-'23) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 670 hp (Cayenne Turbo S E-Hybrid '20-'23) *M = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 729 hp (Cayenne Turbo E-Hybrid '24-) *K = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 631 hp (Cayenne Coupe Turbo GT '22-'23) *K = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 650 hp (Cayenne Coupe Turbo GT '24-) '''Cayenne Electric:''' *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 435 hp (108 Kwh battery) (Cayenne Electric '26-) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 1139 hp (108 Kwh battery) (Cayenne Electric Turbo '26-) ===Position 6, Restraint Systems:=== *1 = Seat Belts only *2 = Passive Restraint System - Airbags (Driver and Passenger Front Airbags) ===Position 7-8, Vehicle Type Code=== {| class="wikitable" |+Position 7 !VIN Pos. 7-8 !Complete Vehicle Type Code !Model !Type |- |92 |924 |924 (1981-1982 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |93 |931 |924 Turbo (1981-1982) |931 |- |92 |924 |924S (1987-1988 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |94 |944 |944 (1983-1991 w/normally aspirated engine) |944 |- |95 |951 |944 Turbo (1986-1989 & 1990 in Canada) |951 |- |96 |968 |968 (1992-1995) |968 |- |92 |928 |928 (1981-1995) |928 |- |98 |986 |Boxster (1997-2004) |986 |- |98 |987 |Boxster (2005-2009)/Cayman (2006-2009) |987 |- |A8 |A87 |Boxster (2010-2012)/Cayman (2010-2012) |987 |- |A8 |A81 |Boxster (2013-2016)/Cayman (2014-2016) |981 |- |A8 |A82 |718 Boxster/Cayman (2017-2025) |982 |- |91 |911 |911 (1981-1989 2wd w/normally aspirated engine) |911 |- |93 |930 |911 (1986-1989 911 Turbo) |930 |- |96 |964 |911 (1989-1994 Carrera 4, 1990-1994 Carrera 2, 1991-1994 Turbo) |964 |- |99 |993 |911 (1995-1998) |993 |- |99 |996 |911 (1999-2004) |996 |- |99 |997 |911 (2005-2009) |997 |- |A9 |A97 |911 (2010-2012) |997 |- |A9 |A91 |911 (2013-2019) |991 |- |A9 |A92 |911 (2020-) |992 |- |98 |980 |Carrera GT (2004-2005) |980 |- |A1 |A18 |918 Spyder (2015) |918 |- |A7 |A70 |Panamera (2010-2016) |970 |- |A7 |A71 |Panamera (2017-2023) |971 |- |YA | |Panamera (2024-) |976 |- |Y1 |Y1A |Taycan (2020-) |9J1 or <br> Y1A (sedan)/Y1B (Cross Turismo)/Y1C (Sport Turismo) |- |A5 |A5B |Macan (2015-) |95B |- |XA | |Macan Electric (2024-) |XAB |- |9P |9PA |Cayenne (2003-2009) |9PA |- |AP |APA |Cayenne (2010) |9PA |- |A2 |A2A |Cayenne (2011-2018) |92A |- |AY |AYA |Cayenne (wagon: 2019-, coupe: 2020-) |9YA (wagon)/9YB (coupe) |- |X1 | |Cayenne Electric (2026-) |E4 |} ===Position 9, Check Digit=== [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit |Check digit]] ===Position 10, Model Year: === [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]] ===Position 11, Production Plant:=== * S: Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen, Germany (includes Type 937 - 924 Carrera GTS/GTR [N/A in US/Canada]) * L: Leipzig, Germany * D: Bratislava, Slovakia (VW plant - Cayenne '19-) * K: Osnabrueck, Germany (ex-Karmann VW plant - Cayenne '16-'18, Boxster '13-15, Cayman '14-'16, 718 Boxster '24-'25, 718 Cayman '17-'18, '20-'21, '23-'25) * N: Neckarsulm, Germany (Audi plant - 924, 944) (includes Type 937 - 924 Carrera GT [N/A in US/Canada]) * U: Uusikaupunki, Finland (Valmet plant - Boxster '98-'11, Cayman '06-'12) ===Position 12, 3rd Digit of Vehicle Type Code=== Note: Only applies to models with a 3-digit Vehicle Type Code. Models with a 2-digit Vehicle Type Code use pos. 12 for the serial number. {| class="wikitable" |+Position 12 !VIN Pos. 12 !Complete Vehicle Type Code !Model !Type |- |4 |924 |924 (1981-1982 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |1 |931 |924 Turbo (1981-1982) |931 |- |4 |924 |924S (1987-1988 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |4 |944 |944 (1983-1991 w/normally aspirated engine) |944 |- |1 |951 |944 Turbo (1986-1989 & 1990 in Canada) |951 |- |8 |968 |968 (1992-1995) |968 |- |8 |928 |928 (1981-1995) |928 |- |6 |986 |Boxster (1997-2004) |986 |- |7 |987 |Boxster (2005-2009)/Cayman (2006-2009) |987 |- |7 |A87 |Boxster (2010-2012)/Cayman (2010-2012) |987 |- |1 |A81 |Boxster (2013-2016)/Cayman (2014-2016) |981 |- |2 |A82 |718 Boxster/Cayman (2017-2025) |982 |- |1 |911 |911 (1981-1989 2wd w/normally aspirated engine) |911 |- |0 |930 |911 (1986-1989 911 Turbo) |930 |- |4 |964 |911 (1989-1994 Carrera 4, 1990-1994 Carrera 2, 1991-1994 Turbo) |964 |- |3 |993 |911 (1995-1998) |993 |- |6 |996 |911 (1999-2004) |996 |- |7 |997 |911 (2005-2009) |997 |- |7 |A97 |911 (2010-2012) |997 |- |1 |A91 |911 (2013-2019) |991 |- |2 |A92 |911 (2020-) |992 |- |0 |980 |Carrera GT (2004-2005) |980 |- |8 |A18 |918 Spyder (2015) |918 |- |0 |A70 |Panamera (2010-2016) |970 |- |1 |A71 |Panamera (2017-2023) |971 |- |A |Y1A |Taycan (2020-) |9J1 or <br> Y1A (sedan)/Y1B (Cross Turismo)/Y1C (Sport Turismo) |- |B |A5B |Macan (2015-) |95B |- |A |9PA |Cayenne (2003-2009) |9PA |- |A |APA |Cayenne (2010) |9PA |- |A |A2A |Cayenne (2011-2018) |92A |- |A |AYA |Cayenne (wagon: 2019-, coupe: 2020-) |9YA (wagon)/9YB (coupe) |} '''Positions 12–17 or 13–17, Serial Number''' {{BookCat}} bi2oitjqs1fyr42idkn42fb6yupwpbw 4634473 4634456 2026-05-06T18:07:01Z JustTheFacts33 3434282 /* Position 11, Production Plant: */ 4634473 wikitext text/x-wiki ===Positions 1–3, World Manufacturer Identifier:=== * WP0 - Porsche passenger car * WP1 - Porsche SUV ===Position 4, Body Style:=== '''924:''' * A = Coupe '''944:''' * A = Coupe * B = Cabriolet (1989 only) * C = Cabriolet (1990-1991) '''968/Boxster/Cayman/718:''' * A = Coupe * C = Cabriolet '''928:''' * J = Coupe (1981-1990) * A = Coupe (1991-1995) '''911:''' * A = Coupe (Except Type 930 Turbo coupe) * B = Targa (911 - Type 964/996/997/991/992) * C = Cabriolet (911 - Type 964/993/996/997/991/992) or Speedster (Type 964/997/991) or Roadster (Type 964) * D = Targa (911 - Type 993) * E = Targa or Cabriolet (911 [1981-1989] or 911 Turbo - Type 930 [1987-1989]) or Speedster (911 - 1989) * J = Turbo Coupe (911 - Type 930 [US: 1986-1989, Canada: 1981-1989]) '''Carrera GT / 918 Spyder:''' * C = Cabriolet '''Panamera / Taycan:''' * A = sedan (SWB) * B = LWB sedan (Panamera Executive) or Cross Turismo (Taycan) * C = Sport Turismo '''Macan / Cayenne:''' * A = SUV (wagon) * B = Coupe-styled SUV (Cayenne Coupe) ===Position 5, Engine:=== '''924:''' Type 924: *A = 2.0L SOHC 8-valve Audi EA831 I4, 110 hp (924 '81-'82) Type 931: *A = 2.0L turbo SOHC 8-valve Audi EA831 I4, 154 hp (924 Turbo '81-'82) Type 924: *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 147 hp (924S '87) *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 158 hp (924S '88) '''944:''' Type 944: *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 143 hp (944 [base model] '83-'86) *B = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 147 hp (944 [base model] '87) *B = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 158 hp (944 [base model] '88) *A = 2.5L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 188 hp (944S '87-'88) *A = 2.7L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 163 hp (944 [base model] '89) *B = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 208 hp (944 S2 '89 [coupe only], '90-'91 [coupe & cabriolet]) *A = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 208 hp (944 S2 '89 [cabriolet only]) Type 951: *A = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.51 I4, 217 hp (944 Turbo '86-'88) *A = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.52 I4, 247 hp (944 Turbo S '88, Turbo '89) *C = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.52 I4, 247 hp (944 Turbo '90 [Canada only]) '''968:''' *A = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 236 hp ('92-'95) '''928:''' *A = 4.5L SOHC 16-valve Porsche M28 V8, 220 hp (928 '81-'82) *B = 4.7L SOHC 16-valve Porsche M28 V8, 234 hp (928 S '83-'84) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 288 hp (928 S '85-'86) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 316 hp (928 S4 '87-'90) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 326 hp (928 GT '89-'90) *A = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 316 hp (928 S4 '91) *A = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 326 hp (928 GT '91) *A = 5.4L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 345 hp (928 GTS '93-'95) '''Boxster/Cayman:''' Type 986: *A = 2.5L flat-6, 201 hp (Boxster '97-'99) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 217 hp (Boxster '00-'02) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 225 hp (Boxster '03-'04) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 250 hp (Boxster S '00-'02) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 258 hp (Boxster S '03-'04) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 264 hp (Boxster S 50 Years of the 550 Spyder Anniversary Edition '04) Type 987: *A = 2.7L flat-6, 240 hp (Boxster '05-'06) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 245 hp (Boxster '07-'08, Limited Edition '08), 245 hp (Cayman '07-'08) *A = 2.9L flat-6, 255 hp (Boxster '09-'12), 265 hp (Cayman '09-'12) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 280 hp (Boxster S '05-'06) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 295 hp (Boxster S '07-'08, S Limited Edition '08), 295 hp (Cayman S '06-'08) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 310 hp (Boxster S '09-'12), 320 hp (Cayman S '09-'12) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 303 hp (Boxster S Porsche Design Edition 2 '08, RS 60 Spyder '08), 303 hp (Cayman S Sport '08) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 320 hp (Boxster S Black Edition '12, Spyder '11-'12), 330 hp (Cayman S Black Edition '12, Cayman R '12) Type 981: *A = 2.7L flat-6, 265 hp (Boxster '13-'16, Boxster Black Edition '16), 275 hp (Cayman '14-'16) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 315 hp (Boxster S '13-'16), 325 hp (Cayman S '14-'16) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 330 hp (Boxster GTS '15-'16), 340 hp (Cayman GTS '15-'16) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 375 hp (Boxster Spyder '16), 385 hp (Cayman GT4 '16) '''718 Boxster/Cayman:''' Type 982: *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 300 hp <br> (718 Boxster '17-'25, 718 Boxster T '20-'23, 718 Boxster Style Edition '24-'25, 718 Cayman '17-'25, 718 Cayman T '20-'23, 718 Cayman Style Edition '24-'25) *B = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 350 hp (718 Boxster S, 718 Cayman S '17-'25) *B = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 365 hp (718 Boxster GTS, 718 Cayman GTS '18-'19) *D = 4.0L flat-6, 394 hp (718 Boxster GTS 4.0 '21-'25, 718 Boxster 25 Years '21, 718 Cayman GTS 4.0 '21-'25) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 414 hp (718 Spyder, 718 Cayman GT4 '20-'23) *E = 4.0L flat-6, 493 hp (718 Spyder RS '24-'25, 718 Cayman GT4 RS '23-'25) '''911:''' Type 911: *B = 3.0L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 172 hp (911 SC Coupe/Targa '81-'83, Cabriolet '83) *B = 3.2L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 200 hp (911 Carrera '84-'86) *B = 3.2L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 214 hp (911 Carrera '87-'89, Club Sport '88-'89, Speedster '89) Type 930: *B = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 282 hp (911 Turbo '86-'89) Type 964: *B = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 247 hp (911 Carrera 2 '90-'94, Targa '90-'94, 911 America Roadster '92-'93, RS America '93-'94, Speedster '94,<br> Carrera 4 '89-'94, Carrera 4 Widebody Coupe '94, Carrera 4 Targa '90-'93) *B = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 256 hp (911 Carrera Cup USA Edition '92) *A = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 315 hp (911 Turbo '91-'92) *C = 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 355 hp (911 Turbo 3.6 '94) *C = 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 380 hp (911 Turbo S 3.6 '94) Type 993: *A = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 270 hp (911 Carrera '95, Carrera 4 '95) *A = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 282 hp (911 Carrera '96-'98, Targa '96-'98, Carrera S '98, Carrera 4 '96-'98, Carrera 4S '96-'98) *C = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 400 hp (911 Turbo '96-'97) *C = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 424 hp (911 Turbo S '97) Type 996: *A = 3.4L DOHC 24-valve water-cooled flat-6, 296 hp (911 Carrera '99, Carrera 4 '99) *A = 3.4L flat-6, 300 hp (911 Carrera '00-'01, Carrera 4 '00-'01) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 320 hp (911 Carrera '02-'04, Carrera Cabriolet '05, Targa '02-'05, Carrera 4 '02-'04, Carrera 4S '03-'05) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 345 hp (911 Carrera 40th Anniversary Edition -'04) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 415 hp (911 Turbo '01-'05) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 444 hp (911 Turbo S '05) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 381 hp (911 GT3 '04-'05) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 456 hp (911 GT2 '02-'03) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 477 hp (911 GT2 '04) Type 997: *A = 3.6L flat-6, 325 hp (911 Carrera '05-'08, Carrera 4 '06-'08, Targa 4 '07-'08) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 345 hp (911 Carrera '09-'12, Carrera Black Edition '12, Carrera 4 '09-'12, Targa 4 '09-'12) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 355 hp (911 Carrera S '05-'08, Carrera 4S '06-'08, Targa 4S '07-'08) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 385 hp (911 Carrera S '09-'12, Carrera 4S '09-'12, Targa 4S '09-'12) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 381 hp (911 Carrera S Club Coupe '06) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 408 hp (911 Carrera GTS '11-'12, Carrera 4 GTS '12, Speedster '11) *D = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 480 hp (911 Turbo '07-'09) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 500 hp (911 Turbo '10-'13) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 530 hp (911 Turbo S '11-'13) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 415 hp (911 GT3 '07-'08) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 435 hp (911 GT3 '10-'11) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 415 hp (911 GT3 RS '07-'08) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 450 hp (911 GT3 RS '10-'11) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3 RS 4.0 '11) *D = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 530 hp (911 GT2 '08-'09) *E = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 620 hp (911 GT2 RS '11) Type 991.1: *A = 3.4L flat-6, 350 hp (911 Carrera '12-'16, Carrera 4 '13-'16, Targa 4 '14-'16) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 400 hp (911 Carrera S '12-'16, Carrera 4S '13-'16, Targa 4S '14-'16, 911 50th Anniversary Edition '14) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 430 hp (911 Carrera GTS '15-'16, Carrera 4 GTS '15-'16, Targa 4 GTS '16) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 520 hp (911 Turbo '14-'16) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 560 hp (911 Turbo S '14-'16) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 475 hp (911 GT3 '14-'15) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3 RS '16, 911 R '16) Type 991.2: *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 370 hp (911 Carrera '17-'19, Carrera T '18-'19, Carrera 4 '17-'19, Targa 4 '17-'19) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 420 hp (911 Carrera S '17-'19, Carrera 4S '17-'19, Targa 4S '17-'19) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 450 hp (911 Carrera GTS '17-'19, Carrera 4 GTS '17-'19, Targa 4 GTS '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 540 hp (911 Turbo '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 580 hp (911 Turbo S '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 607 hp (911 Turbo S Exclusive Series '18-'19) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3, GT3 Touring '18-'19) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 502 hp (911 Speedster '19) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 520 hp (911 GT3 RS '19) *E = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 690 hp (911 GT2 RS '18-'19) Type 992: *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 379 hp (911 Carrera '20-'24, Carrera T '23-'24, Carrera 4 '20-'24, Targa 4 '21-'24) *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 388 hp (911 Carrera, Carrera T '25-, Carrera T Club Coupe '26) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 443 hp (911 Carrera S '20-'24, Carrera 4S '20-'24, Targa 4S '21-'24) *H = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 473 hp (911 Carrera S '26-, Carrera 4S '26-, Targa 4S '26-) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 473 hp (911 Carrera GTS '22-'24, Carrera 4 GTS '22-'24, Targa 4 GTS '22-'24, Dakar '23-'24) *B = Hybrid: 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 532 hp (911 Carrera GTS, Carrera 4 GTS, Targa 4 GTS '25-, 911 Spirit 70 '26) *G = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 543 hp (911 Sport Classic '23) *D = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 572 hp (911 Turbo '21-'25) *D = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 640 hp (911 Turbo S '21-'25) *D = Hybrid: 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 701 hp (911 Turbo S '26-) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 502 hp (911 GT3, GT3 Touring '22-'26) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 518 hp (911 GT3 RS '23-'25, 911 S/T '24) '''Carrera GT:''' *A = 5.7L Porsche M80.01 68° V10, 605 hp (Carrera GT '04-'05) '''918 Spyder:''' *A = PHEV: 4.6L Porsche M18 flat-plane crank V8 + 2 electric motors (1 front, 1 rear), Lithium-ion battery, 887 total system hp (918 Spyder '15) '''Panamera:''' Type 970: *A = 3.6L Porsche M46.20 (2wd)/M46.40 (4wd) 90° V6, 300 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '11-'13) *A = 3.6L Porsche M46.20 (2wd)/M46.40 (4wd) 90° V6, 310 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '14-'16) *D = HEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Nickel-metal hydride battery, 380 hp (Panamera S Hybrid '12-'13) *D = PHEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 416 hp (Panamera S E-Hybrid '14-'16) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 400 hp (Panamera S, 4S '10-'13) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.60 90° V6, 420 hp (Panamera S, 4S '14-'16) *F = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 430 hp (Panamera GTS '13) *F = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 440 hp (Panamera GTS '14-'16) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Panamera Turbo '10-'13) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Panamera Turbo '14-'16) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Panamera Turbo S '12-'13) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 570 hp (Panamera Turbo S '15-'16) Type 971 & 976: *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 330 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '17-'20) *J = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 325 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '21-'23) *A = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 348 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '24-) *E = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 455 hp (Panamera 4 E-Hybrid '18-'23) *E = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 463 hp (Panamera 4 E-Hybrid '25-) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 440 hp (Panamera 4S '17-'20) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 443 hp (Panamera 4S '21-'23) *K = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 552 hp (Panamera 4S E-Hybrid '21-'23) *C = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 536 hp (Panamera 4S E-Hybrid '25-) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 453 hp (Panamera GTS '19-'20) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 473 hp (Panamera GTS '21-'23) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 493 hp (Panamera GTS '25-) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 550 hp (Panamera Turbo '17-'20) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 620 hp (Panamera Turbo S '21-'23) *F = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 670 hp (Panamera Turbo E-Hybrid '25-) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 680 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '18-'20) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 690 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '21-'23) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 771 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '25-) '''Taycan:''' *A = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 402 hp (71 Kwh battery) or 469 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan '21-'24) *A = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 402 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 429 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan '25-) *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 402 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 429 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4 '25-) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 522 hp (71 Kwh battery) or 562 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4S '20-'24) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 536 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 590 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4S '25-) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 590 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan GTS '22-'24) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 690 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan GTS '25-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 670 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo '20-'24) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 750 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo S '20-'24) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 871 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo '25-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 938 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo S '25-) *E = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 1019 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo GT '25-) '''Macan:''' *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA888T I4, 248 hp (Macan '17-'21) *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA888T I4, 261 hp (Macan '22-, Macan T '23-) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.30 90° V6, 340 hp (Macan S '15-'18) *B = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 348 hp (Macan S '19-'21) *G = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 375 hp (Macan S '22-) *G = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.30 90° V6, 360 hp (Macan GTS '17-'18) *G = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 375 hp (Macan GTS '20-'21) *F = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Macan GTS '22-) *F = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 400 hp (Macan Turbo '15-'18) *F = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 440 hp (Macan Turbo w/Performance Package '17-'18) *F = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Macan Turbo '20-'21) '''Macan Electric:''' *D = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 355 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric '25-) *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 402 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric 4 '24-) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 509 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric 4S '25-) *E = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 563 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric GTS '26-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 630 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric Turbo '24-) '''Cayenne:''' 955/957 or 9PA: *A = 3.2L (3189cc) VW EA390 15° VR6, 247 hp (Cayenne '04-'06) *A = 3.6L (3598cc) VW EA390 10.6° FSI VR6, 290 hp (Cayenne '08-'10) *B = 4.5L Porsche M48 V8, 340 hp (Cayenne S '03-'06, S Titanium Edition '06) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 385 hp (Cayenne S '08-'10) *D = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 405 hp (Cayenne GTS '08-'10, S Transsyberia '10) *C = 4.5L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 450 hp (Cayenne Turbo '03-'06) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Cayenne Turbo '08-'10) *C = 4.5L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '06) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '09-'10) 958 or 92A: *A = 3.6L (3598cc) VW EA390 10.6° VR6, 300 hp (Cayenne '11-'14, '16-'18) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 400 hp (Cayenne S '11-'14) *B = 3.6L (3604cc) twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 420 hp (Cayenne S '15-'18) *E = HEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Nickel-metal hydride battery, 380 hp (Cayenne S Hybrid '11-'14) *E = PHEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 416 hp (Cayenne S E-Hybrid '15-'18) *D = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 420 hp (Cayenne GTS '13-'14) *D = 3.6L (3604cc) twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 440 hp (Cayenne GTS '16-'18) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Cayenne Turbo '11-'14) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Cayenne Turbo '15-'18) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '14) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 570 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '16-'18) *F = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA897 90° Diesel V6, 240 hp (Cayenne Diesel '13-'16) 9YA/9YB: *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 335 hp (Cayenne '19-'23) *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 348 hp (Cayenne '24-) *E = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 455 hp (Cayenne E-Hybrid '19-'23) *E = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 463 hp (Cayenne E-Hybrid '24-) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Cayenne S '19-'23) *L = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 468 hp (Cayenne S '24-) *N = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 512 hp (Cayenne S E-Hybrid '24-) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 453 hp (Cayenne GTS '21-'23) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 493 hp (Cayenne GTS '25-) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 541 hp (Cayenne Turbo '19-'23) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 670 hp (Cayenne Turbo S E-Hybrid '20-'23) *M = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 729 hp (Cayenne Turbo E-Hybrid '24-) *K = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 631 hp (Cayenne Coupe Turbo GT '22-'23) *K = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 650 hp (Cayenne Coupe Turbo GT '24-) '''Cayenne Electric:''' *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 435 hp (108 Kwh battery) (Cayenne Electric '26-) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 1139 hp (108 Kwh battery) (Cayenne Electric Turbo '26-) ===Position 6, Restraint Systems:=== *1 = Seat Belts only *2 = Passive Restraint System - Airbags (Driver and Passenger Front Airbags) ===Position 7-8, Vehicle Type Code=== {| class="wikitable" |+Position 7 !VIN Pos. 7-8 !Complete Vehicle Type Code !Model !Type |- |92 |924 |924 (1981-1982 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |93 |931 |924 Turbo (1981-1982) |931 |- |92 |924 |924S (1987-1988 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |94 |944 |944 (1983-1991 w/normally aspirated engine) |944 |- |95 |951 |944 Turbo (1986-1989 & 1990 in Canada) |951 |- |96 |968 |968 (1992-1995) |968 |- |92 |928 |928 (1981-1995) |928 |- |98 |986 |Boxster (1997-2004) |986 |- |98 |987 |Boxster (2005-2009)/Cayman (2006-2009) |987 |- |A8 |A87 |Boxster (2010-2012)/Cayman (2010-2012) |987 |- |A8 |A81 |Boxster (2013-2016)/Cayman (2014-2016) |981 |- |A8 |A82 |718 Boxster/Cayman (2017-2025) |982 |- |91 |911 |911 (1981-1989 2wd w/normally aspirated engine) |911 |- |93 |930 |911 (1986-1989 911 Turbo) |930 |- |96 |964 |911 (1989-1994 Carrera 4, 1990-1994 Carrera 2, 1991-1994 Turbo) |964 |- |99 |993 |911 (1995-1998) |993 |- |99 |996 |911 (1999-2004) |996 |- |99 |997 |911 (2005-2009) |997 |- |A9 |A97 |911 (2010-2012) |997 |- |A9 |A91 |911 (2013-2019) |991 |- |A9 |A92 |911 (2020-) |992 |- |98 |980 |Carrera GT (2004-2005) |980 |- |A1 |A18 |918 Spyder (2015) |918 |- |A7 |A70 |Panamera (2010-2016) |970 |- |A7 |A71 |Panamera (2017-2023) |971 |- |YA | |Panamera (2024-) |976 |- |Y1 |Y1A |Taycan (2020-) |9J1 or <br> Y1A (sedan)/Y1B (Cross Turismo)/Y1C (Sport Turismo) |- |A5 |A5B |Macan (2015-) |95B |- |XA | |Macan Electric (2024-) |XAB |- |9P |9PA |Cayenne (2003-2009) |9PA |- |AP |APA |Cayenne (2010) |9PA |- |A2 |A2A |Cayenne (2011-2018) |92A |- |AY |AYA |Cayenne (wagon: 2019-, coupe: 2020-) |9YA (wagon)/9YB (coupe) |- |X1 | |Cayenne Electric (2026-) |E4 |} ===Position 9, Check Digit=== [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit |Check digit]] ===Position 10, Model Year: === [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]] ===Position 11, Production Plant:=== * S: Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen, Germany (includes: Type 937 - 924 Carrera GTS/GTR [N/A in US/Canada], a few late '91 944 S2 [RoW-spec]) * L: Leipzig, Germany (Cayenne '03-'18, Carrera GT '04-'05, Panamera '10-, Macan '15-, Macan Electric '24-) * D: Bratislava, Slovakia (VW plant - Cayenne '19-, Cayenne Electric '26-) * K: Osnabrueck, Germany (ex-Karmann VW plant - Cayenne '16-'18, Boxster '13-15, Cayman '14-'16, 718 Boxster '24-'25, 718 Cayman '17-'18, '20-'21, '23-'25) * N: Neckarsulm, Germany (Audi plant - 924, 944) (includes Type 937 - 924 Carrera GT [N/A in US/Canada]) * U: Uusikaupunki, Finland (Valmet plant - Boxster '98-'11, Cayman '06-'12) Note: RoW=Rest of World (non-US/Canada markets) ===Position 12, 3rd Digit of Vehicle Type Code=== Note: Only applies to models with a 3-digit Vehicle Type Code. Models with a 2-digit Vehicle Type Code use pos. 12 for the serial number. {| class="wikitable" |+Position 12 !VIN Pos. 12 !Complete Vehicle Type Code !Model !Type |- |4 |924 |924 (1981-1982 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |1 |931 |924 Turbo (1981-1982) |931 |- |4 |924 |924S (1987-1988 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |4 |944 |944 (1983-1991 w/normally aspirated engine) |944 |- |1 |951 |944 Turbo (1986-1989 & 1990 in Canada) |951 |- |8 |968 |968 (1992-1995) |968 |- |8 |928 |928 (1981-1995) |928 |- |6 |986 |Boxster (1997-2004) |986 |- |7 |987 |Boxster (2005-2009)/Cayman (2006-2009) |987 |- |7 |A87 |Boxster (2010-2012)/Cayman (2010-2012) |987 |- |1 |A81 |Boxster (2013-2016)/Cayman (2014-2016) |981 |- |2 |A82 |718 Boxster/Cayman (2017-2025) |982 |- |1 |911 |911 (1981-1989 2wd w/normally aspirated engine) |911 |- |0 |930 |911 (1986-1989 911 Turbo) |930 |- |4 |964 |911 (1989-1994 Carrera 4, 1990-1994 Carrera 2, 1991-1994 Turbo) |964 |- |3 |993 |911 (1995-1998) |993 |- |6 |996 |911 (1999-2004) |996 |- |7 |997 |911 (2005-2009) |997 |- |7 |A97 |911 (2010-2012) |997 |- |1 |A91 |911 (2013-2019) |991 |- |2 |A92 |911 (2020-) |992 |- |0 |980 |Carrera GT (2004-2005) |980 |- |8 |A18 |918 Spyder (2015) |918 |- |0 |A70 |Panamera (2010-2016) |970 |- |1 |A71 |Panamera (2017-2023) |971 |- |A |Y1A |Taycan (2020-) |9J1 or <br> Y1A (sedan)/Y1B (Cross Turismo)/Y1C (Sport Turismo) |- |B |A5B |Macan (2015-) |95B |- |A |9PA |Cayenne (2003-2009) |9PA |- |A |APA |Cayenne (2010) |9PA |- |A |A2A |Cayenne (2011-2018) |92A |- |A |AYA |Cayenne (wagon: 2019-, coupe: 2020-) |9YA (wagon)/9YB (coupe) |} '''Positions 12–17 or 13–17, Serial Number''' {{BookCat}} 291jnpr8c2ohluxr0qhmvex23d295d4 4634476 4634473 2026-05-06T18:14:13Z JustTheFacts33 3434282 /* Position 11, Production Plant: */ 4634476 wikitext text/x-wiki ===Positions 1–3, World Manufacturer Identifier:=== * WP0 - Porsche passenger car * WP1 - Porsche SUV ===Position 4, Body Style:=== '''924:''' * A = Coupe '''944:''' * A = Coupe * B = Cabriolet (1989 only) * C = Cabriolet (1990-1991) '''968/Boxster/Cayman/718:''' * A = Coupe * C = Cabriolet '''928:''' * J = Coupe (1981-1990) * A = Coupe (1991-1995) '''911:''' * A = Coupe (Except Type 930 Turbo coupe) * B = Targa (911 - Type 964/996/997/991/992) * C = Cabriolet (911 - Type 964/993/996/997/991/992) or Speedster (Type 964/997/991) or Roadster (Type 964) * D = Targa (911 - Type 993) * E = Targa or Cabriolet (911 [1981-1989] or 911 Turbo - Type 930 [1987-1989]) or Speedster (911 - 1989) * J = Turbo Coupe (911 - Type 930 [US: 1986-1989, Canada: 1981-1989]) '''Carrera GT / 918 Spyder:''' * C = Cabriolet '''Panamera / Taycan:''' * A = sedan (SWB) * B = LWB sedan (Panamera Executive) or Cross Turismo (Taycan) * C = Sport Turismo '''Macan / Cayenne:''' * A = SUV (wagon) * B = Coupe-styled SUV (Cayenne Coupe) ===Position 5, Engine:=== '''924:''' Type 924: *A = 2.0L SOHC 8-valve Audi EA831 I4, 110 hp (924 '81-'82) Type 931: *A = 2.0L turbo SOHC 8-valve Audi EA831 I4, 154 hp (924 Turbo '81-'82) Type 924: *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 147 hp (924S '87) *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 158 hp (924S '88) '''944:''' Type 944: *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 143 hp (944 [base model] '83-'86) *B = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 147 hp (944 [base model] '87) *B = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 158 hp (944 [base model] '88) *A = 2.5L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 188 hp (944S '87-'88) *A = 2.7L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 163 hp (944 [base model] '89) *B = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 208 hp (944 S2 '89 [coupe only], '90-'91 [coupe & cabriolet]) *A = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 208 hp (944 S2 '89 [cabriolet only]) Type 951: *A = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.51 I4, 217 hp (944 Turbo '86-'88) *A = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.52 I4, 247 hp (944 Turbo S '88, Turbo '89) *C = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.52 I4, 247 hp (944 Turbo '90 [Canada only]) '''968:''' *A = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 236 hp ('92-'95) '''928:''' *A = 4.5L SOHC 16-valve Porsche M28 V8, 220 hp (928 '81-'82) *B = 4.7L SOHC 16-valve Porsche M28 V8, 234 hp (928 S '83-'84) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 288 hp (928 S '85-'86) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 316 hp (928 S4 '87-'90) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 326 hp (928 GT '89-'90) *A = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 316 hp (928 S4 '91) *A = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 326 hp (928 GT '91) *A = 5.4L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 345 hp (928 GTS '93-'95) '''Boxster/Cayman:''' Type 986: *A = 2.5L flat-6, 201 hp (Boxster '97-'99) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 217 hp (Boxster '00-'02) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 225 hp (Boxster '03-'04) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 250 hp (Boxster S '00-'02) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 258 hp (Boxster S '03-'04) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 264 hp (Boxster S 50 Years of the 550 Spyder Anniversary Edition '04) Type 987: *A = 2.7L flat-6, 240 hp (Boxster '05-'06) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 245 hp (Boxster '07-'08, Limited Edition '08), 245 hp (Cayman '07-'08) *A = 2.9L flat-6, 255 hp (Boxster '09-'12), 265 hp (Cayman '09-'12) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 280 hp (Boxster S '05-'06) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 295 hp (Boxster S '07-'08, S Limited Edition '08), 295 hp (Cayman S '06-'08) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 310 hp (Boxster S '09-'12), 320 hp (Cayman S '09-'12) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 303 hp (Boxster S Porsche Design Edition 2 '08, RS 60 Spyder '08), 303 hp (Cayman S Sport '08) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 320 hp (Boxster S Black Edition '12, Spyder '11-'12), 330 hp (Cayman S Black Edition '12, Cayman R '12) Type 981: *A = 2.7L flat-6, 265 hp (Boxster '13-'16, Boxster Black Edition '16), 275 hp (Cayman '14-'16) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 315 hp (Boxster S '13-'16), 325 hp (Cayman S '14-'16) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 330 hp (Boxster GTS '15-'16), 340 hp (Cayman GTS '15-'16) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 375 hp (Boxster Spyder '16), 385 hp (Cayman GT4 '16) '''718 Boxster/Cayman:''' Type 982: *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 300 hp <br> (718 Boxster '17-'25, 718 Boxster T '20-'23, 718 Boxster Style Edition '24-'25, 718 Cayman '17-'25, 718 Cayman T '20-'23, 718 Cayman Style Edition '24-'25) *B = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 350 hp (718 Boxster S, 718 Cayman S '17-'25) *B = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 365 hp (718 Boxster GTS, 718 Cayman GTS '18-'19) *D = 4.0L flat-6, 394 hp (718 Boxster GTS 4.0 '21-'25, 718 Boxster 25 Years '21, 718 Cayman GTS 4.0 '21-'25) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 414 hp (718 Spyder, 718 Cayman GT4 '20-'23) *E = 4.0L flat-6, 493 hp (718 Spyder RS '24-'25, 718 Cayman GT4 RS '23-'25) '''911:''' Type 911: *B = 3.0L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 172 hp (911 SC Coupe/Targa '81-'83, Cabriolet '83) *B = 3.2L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 200 hp (911 Carrera '84-'86) *B = 3.2L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 214 hp (911 Carrera '87-'89, Club Sport '88-'89, Speedster '89) Type 930: *B = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 282 hp (911 Turbo '86-'89) Type 964: *B = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 247 hp (911 Carrera 2 '90-'94, Targa '90-'94, 911 America Roadster '92-'93, RS America '93-'94, Speedster '94,<br> Carrera 4 '89-'94, Carrera 4 Widebody Coupe '94, Carrera 4 Targa '90-'93) *B = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 256 hp (911 Carrera Cup USA Edition '92) *A = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 315 hp (911 Turbo '91-'92) *C = 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 355 hp (911 Turbo 3.6 '94) *C = 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 380 hp (911 Turbo S 3.6 '94) Type 993: *A = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 270 hp (911 Carrera '95, Carrera 4 '95) *A = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 282 hp (911 Carrera '96-'98, Targa '96-'98, Carrera S '98, Carrera 4 '96-'98, Carrera 4S '96-'98) *C = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 400 hp (911 Turbo '96-'97) *C = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 424 hp (911 Turbo S '97) Type 996: *A = 3.4L DOHC 24-valve water-cooled flat-6, 296 hp (911 Carrera '99, Carrera 4 '99) *A = 3.4L flat-6, 300 hp (911 Carrera '00-'01, Carrera 4 '00-'01) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 320 hp (911 Carrera '02-'04, Carrera Cabriolet '05, Targa '02-'05, Carrera 4 '02-'04, Carrera 4S '03-'05) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 345 hp (911 Carrera 40th Anniversary Edition -'04) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 415 hp (911 Turbo '01-'05) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 444 hp (911 Turbo S '05) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 381 hp (911 GT3 '04-'05) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 456 hp (911 GT2 '02-'03) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 477 hp (911 GT2 '04) Type 997: *A = 3.6L flat-6, 325 hp (911 Carrera '05-'08, Carrera 4 '06-'08, Targa 4 '07-'08) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 345 hp (911 Carrera '09-'12, Carrera Black Edition '12, Carrera 4 '09-'12, Targa 4 '09-'12) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 355 hp (911 Carrera S '05-'08, Carrera 4S '06-'08, Targa 4S '07-'08) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 385 hp (911 Carrera S '09-'12, Carrera 4S '09-'12, Targa 4S '09-'12) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 381 hp (911 Carrera S Club Coupe '06) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 408 hp (911 Carrera GTS '11-'12, Carrera 4 GTS '12, Speedster '11) *D = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 480 hp (911 Turbo '07-'09) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 500 hp (911 Turbo '10-'13) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 530 hp (911 Turbo S '11-'13) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 415 hp (911 GT3 '07-'08) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 435 hp (911 GT3 '10-'11) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 415 hp (911 GT3 RS '07-'08) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 450 hp (911 GT3 RS '10-'11) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3 RS 4.0 '11) *D = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 530 hp (911 GT2 '08-'09) *E = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 620 hp (911 GT2 RS '11) Type 991.1: *A = 3.4L flat-6, 350 hp (911 Carrera '12-'16, Carrera 4 '13-'16, Targa 4 '14-'16) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 400 hp (911 Carrera S '12-'16, Carrera 4S '13-'16, Targa 4S '14-'16, 911 50th Anniversary Edition '14) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 430 hp (911 Carrera GTS '15-'16, Carrera 4 GTS '15-'16, Targa 4 GTS '16) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 520 hp (911 Turbo '14-'16) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 560 hp (911 Turbo S '14-'16) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 475 hp (911 GT3 '14-'15) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3 RS '16, 911 R '16) Type 991.2: *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 370 hp (911 Carrera '17-'19, Carrera T '18-'19, Carrera 4 '17-'19, Targa 4 '17-'19) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 420 hp (911 Carrera S '17-'19, Carrera 4S '17-'19, Targa 4S '17-'19) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 450 hp (911 Carrera GTS '17-'19, Carrera 4 GTS '17-'19, Targa 4 GTS '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 540 hp (911 Turbo '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 580 hp (911 Turbo S '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 607 hp (911 Turbo S Exclusive Series '18-'19) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3, GT3 Touring '18-'19) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 502 hp (911 Speedster '19) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 520 hp (911 GT3 RS '19) *E = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 690 hp (911 GT2 RS '18-'19) Type 992: *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 379 hp (911 Carrera '20-'24, Carrera T '23-'24, Carrera 4 '20-'24, Targa 4 '21-'24) *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 388 hp (911 Carrera, Carrera T '25-, Carrera T Club Coupe '26) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 443 hp (911 Carrera S '20-'24, Carrera 4S '20-'24, Targa 4S '21-'24) *H = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 473 hp (911 Carrera S '26-, Carrera 4S '26-, Targa 4S '26-) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 473 hp (911 Carrera GTS '22-'24, Carrera 4 GTS '22-'24, Targa 4 GTS '22-'24, Dakar '23-'24) *B = Hybrid: 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 532 hp (911 Carrera GTS, Carrera 4 GTS, Targa 4 GTS '25-, 911 Spirit 70 '26) *G = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 543 hp (911 Sport Classic '23) *D = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 572 hp (911 Turbo '21-'25) *D = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 640 hp (911 Turbo S '21-'25) *D = Hybrid: 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 701 hp (911 Turbo S '26-) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 502 hp (911 GT3, GT3 Touring '22-'26) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 518 hp (911 GT3 RS '23-'25, 911 S/T '24) '''Carrera GT:''' *A = 5.7L Porsche M80.01 68° V10, 605 hp (Carrera GT '04-'05) '''918 Spyder:''' *A = PHEV: 4.6L Porsche M18 flat-plane crank V8 + 2 electric motors (1 front, 1 rear), Lithium-ion battery, 887 total system hp (918 Spyder '15) '''Panamera:''' Type 970: *A = 3.6L Porsche M46.20 (2wd)/M46.40 (4wd) 90° V6, 300 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '11-'13) *A = 3.6L Porsche M46.20 (2wd)/M46.40 (4wd) 90° V6, 310 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '14-'16) *D = HEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Nickel-metal hydride battery, 380 hp (Panamera S Hybrid '12-'13) *D = PHEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 416 hp (Panamera S E-Hybrid '14-'16) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 400 hp (Panamera S, 4S '10-'13) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.60 90° V6, 420 hp (Panamera S, 4S '14-'16) *F = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 430 hp (Panamera GTS '13) *F = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 440 hp (Panamera GTS '14-'16) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Panamera Turbo '10-'13) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Panamera Turbo '14-'16) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Panamera Turbo S '12-'13) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 570 hp (Panamera Turbo S '15-'16) Type 971 & 976: *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 330 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '17-'20) *J = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 325 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '21-'23) *A = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 348 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '24-) *E = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 455 hp (Panamera 4 E-Hybrid '18-'23) *E = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 463 hp (Panamera 4 E-Hybrid '25-) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 440 hp (Panamera 4S '17-'20) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 443 hp (Panamera 4S '21-'23) *K = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 552 hp (Panamera 4S E-Hybrid '21-'23) *C = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 536 hp (Panamera 4S E-Hybrid '25-) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 453 hp (Panamera GTS '19-'20) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 473 hp (Panamera GTS '21-'23) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 493 hp (Panamera GTS '25-) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 550 hp (Panamera Turbo '17-'20) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 620 hp (Panamera Turbo S '21-'23) *F = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 670 hp (Panamera Turbo E-Hybrid '25-) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 680 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '18-'20) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 690 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '21-'23) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 771 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '25-) '''Taycan:''' *A = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 402 hp (71 Kwh battery) or 469 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan '21-'24) *A = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 402 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 429 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan '25-) *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 402 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 429 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4 '25-) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 522 hp (71 Kwh battery) or 562 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4S '20-'24) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 536 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 590 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4S '25-) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 590 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan GTS '22-'24) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 690 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan GTS '25-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 670 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo '20-'24) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 750 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo S '20-'24) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 871 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo '25-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 938 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo S '25-) *E = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 1019 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo GT '25-) '''Macan:''' *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA888T I4, 248 hp (Macan '17-'21) *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA888T I4, 261 hp (Macan '22-, Macan T '23-) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.30 90° V6, 340 hp (Macan S '15-'18) *B = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 348 hp (Macan S '19-'21) *G = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 375 hp (Macan S '22-) *G = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.30 90° V6, 360 hp (Macan GTS '17-'18) *G = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 375 hp (Macan GTS '20-'21) *F = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Macan GTS '22-) *F = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 400 hp (Macan Turbo '15-'18) *F = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 440 hp (Macan Turbo w/Performance Package '17-'18) *F = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Macan Turbo '20-'21) '''Macan Electric:''' *D = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 355 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric '25-) *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 402 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric 4 '24-) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 509 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric 4S '25-) *E = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 563 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric GTS '26-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 630 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric Turbo '24-) '''Cayenne:''' 955/957 or 9PA: *A = 3.2L (3189cc) VW EA390 15° VR6, 247 hp (Cayenne '04-'06) *A = 3.6L (3598cc) VW EA390 10.6° FSI VR6, 290 hp (Cayenne '08-'10) *B = 4.5L Porsche M48 V8, 340 hp (Cayenne S '03-'06, S Titanium Edition '06) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 385 hp (Cayenne S '08-'10) *D = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 405 hp (Cayenne GTS '08-'10, S Transsyberia '10) *C = 4.5L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 450 hp (Cayenne Turbo '03-'06) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Cayenne Turbo '08-'10) *C = 4.5L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '06) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '09-'10) 958 or 92A: *A = 3.6L (3598cc) VW EA390 10.6° VR6, 300 hp (Cayenne '11-'14, '16-'18) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 400 hp (Cayenne S '11-'14) *B = 3.6L (3604cc) twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 420 hp (Cayenne S '15-'18) *E = HEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Nickel-metal hydride battery, 380 hp (Cayenne S Hybrid '11-'14) *E = PHEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 416 hp (Cayenne S E-Hybrid '15-'18) *D = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 420 hp (Cayenne GTS '13-'14) *D = 3.6L (3604cc) twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 440 hp (Cayenne GTS '16-'18) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Cayenne Turbo '11-'14) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Cayenne Turbo '15-'18) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '14) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 570 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '16-'18) *F = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA897 90° Diesel V6, 240 hp (Cayenne Diesel '13-'16) 9YA/9YB: *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 335 hp (Cayenne '19-'23) *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 348 hp (Cayenne '24-) *E = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 455 hp (Cayenne E-Hybrid '19-'23) *E = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 463 hp (Cayenne E-Hybrid '24-) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Cayenne S '19-'23) *L = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 468 hp (Cayenne S '24-) *N = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 512 hp (Cayenne S E-Hybrid '24-) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 453 hp (Cayenne GTS '21-'23) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 493 hp (Cayenne GTS '25-) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 541 hp (Cayenne Turbo '19-'23) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 670 hp (Cayenne Turbo S E-Hybrid '20-'23) *M = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 729 hp (Cayenne Turbo E-Hybrid '24-) *K = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 631 hp (Cayenne Coupe Turbo GT '22-'23) *K = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 650 hp (Cayenne Coupe Turbo GT '24-) '''Cayenne Electric:''' *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 435 hp (108 Kwh battery) (Cayenne Electric '26-) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 1139 hp (108 Kwh battery) (Cayenne Electric Turbo '26-) ===Position 6, Restraint Systems:=== *1 = Seat Belts only *2 = Passive Restraint System - Airbags (Driver and Passenger Front Airbags) ===Position 7-8, Vehicle Type Code=== {| class="wikitable" |+Position 7 !VIN Pos. 7-8 !Complete Vehicle Type Code !Model !Type |- |92 |924 |924 (1981-1982 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |93 |931 |924 Turbo (1981-1982) |931 |- |92 |924 |924S (1987-1988 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |94 |944 |944 (1983-1991 w/normally aspirated engine) |944 |- |95 |951 |944 Turbo (1986-1989 & 1990 in Canada) |951 |- |96 |968 |968 (1992-1995) |968 |- |92 |928 |928 (1981-1995) |928 |- |98 |986 |Boxster (1997-2004) |986 |- |98 |987 |Boxster (2005-2009)/Cayman (2006-2009) |987 |- |A8 |A87 |Boxster (2010-2012)/Cayman (2010-2012) |987 |- |A8 |A81 |Boxster (2013-2016)/Cayman (2014-2016) |981 |- |A8 |A82 |718 Boxster/Cayman (2017-2025) |982 |- |91 |911 |911 (1981-1989 2wd w/normally aspirated engine) |911 |- |93 |930 |911 (1986-1989 911 Turbo) |930 |- |96 |964 |911 (1989-1994 Carrera 4, 1990-1994 Carrera 2, 1991-1994 Turbo) |964 |- |99 |993 |911 (1995-1998) |993 |- |99 |996 |911 (1999-2004) |996 |- |99 |997 |911 (2005-2009) |997 |- |A9 |A97 |911 (2010-2012) |997 |- |A9 |A91 |911 (2013-2019) |991 |- |A9 |A92 |911 (2020-) |992 |- |98 |980 |Carrera GT (2004-2005) |980 |- |A1 |A18 |918 Spyder (2015) |918 |- |A7 |A70 |Panamera (2010-2016) |970 |- |A7 |A71 |Panamera (2017-2023) |971 |- |YA | |Panamera (2024-) |976 |- |Y1 |Y1A |Taycan (2020-) |9J1 or <br> Y1A (sedan)/Y1B (Cross Turismo)/Y1C (Sport Turismo) |- |A5 |A5B |Macan (2015-) |95B |- |XA | |Macan Electric (2024-) |XAB |- |9P |9PA |Cayenne (2003-2009) |9PA |- |AP |APA |Cayenne (2010) |9PA |- |A2 |A2A |Cayenne (2011-2018) |92A |- |AY |AYA |Cayenne (wagon: 2019-, coupe: 2020-) |9YA (wagon)/9YB (coupe) |- |X1 | |Cayenne Electric (2026-) |E4 |} ===Position 9, Check Digit=== [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit |Check digit]] ===Position 10, Model Year: === [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]] ===Position 11, Production Plant:=== * S: Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen, Germany (includes: Type 937 - 924 Carrera GTS/GTR [N/A in US/Canada], a few late '91 944 S2 coupe & cabriolet [RoW-spec]) * L: Leipzig, Germany (Cayenne '03-'18, Carrera GT '04-'05, Panamera '10-, Macan '15-, Macan Electric '24-) * D: Bratislava, Slovakia (VW plant - Cayenne '19-, Cayenne Electric '26-) * K: Osnabrueck, Germany (ex-Karmann VW plant - Cayenne '16-'18, Boxster '13-15, Cayman '14-'16, 718 Boxster '24-'25, 718 Cayman '17-'18, '20-'21, '23-'25) * N: Neckarsulm, Germany (Audi plant - 924, 944) (includes Type 937 - 924 Carrera GT [N/A in US/Canada]) * U: Uusikaupunki, Finland (Valmet plant - Boxster '98-'11, Cayman '06-'12) Note: RoW=Rest of World (non-US/Canada markets) ===Position 12, 3rd Digit of Vehicle Type Code=== Note: Only applies to models with a 3-digit Vehicle Type Code. Models with a 2-digit Vehicle Type Code use pos. 12 for the serial number. {| class="wikitable" |+Position 12 !VIN Pos. 12 !Complete Vehicle Type Code !Model !Type |- |4 |924 |924 (1981-1982 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |1 |931 |924 Turbo (1981-1982) |931 |- |4 |924 |924S (1987-1988 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |4 |944 |944 (1983-1991 w/normally aspirated engine) |944 |- |1 |951 |944 Turbo (1986-1989 & 1990 in Canada) |951 |- |8 |968 |968 (1992-1995) |968 |- |8 |928 |928 (1981-1995) |928 |- |6 |986 |Boxster (1997-2004) |986 |- |7 |987 |Boxster (2005-2009)/Cayman (2006-2009) |987 |- |7 |A87 |Boxster (2010-2012)/Cayman (2010-2012) |987 |- |1 |A81 |Boxster (2013-2016)/Cayman (2014-2016) |981 |- |2 |A82 |718 Boxster/Cayman (2017-2025) |982 |- |1 |911 |911 (1981-1989 2wd w/normally aspirated engine) |911 |- |0 |930 |911 (1986-1989 911 Turbo) |930 |- |4 |964 |911 (1989-1994 Carrera 4, 1990-1994 Carrera 2, 1991-1994 Turbo) |964 |- |3 |993 |911 (1995-1998) |993 |- |6 |996 |911 (1999-2004) |996 |- |7 |997 |911 (2005-2009) |997 |- |7 |A97 |911 (2010-2012) |997 |- |1 |A91 |911 (2013-2019) |991 |- |2 |A92 |911 (2020-) |992 |- |0 |980 |Carrera GT (2004-2005) |980 |- |8 |A18 |918 Spyder (2015) |918 |- |0 |A70 |Panamera (2010-2016) |970 |- |1 |A71 |Panamera (2017-2023) |971 |- |A |Y1A |Taycan (2020-) |9J1 or <br> Y1A (sedan)/Y1B (Cross Turismo)/Y1C (Sport Turismo) |- |B |A5B |Macan (2015-) |95B |- |A |9PA |Cayenne (2003-2009) |9PA |- |A |APA |Cayenne (2010) |9PA |- |A |A2A |Cayenne (2011-2018) |92A |- |A |AYA |Cayenne (wagon: 2019-, coupe: 2020-) |9YA (wagon)/9YB (coupe) |} '''Positions 12–17 or 13–17, Serial Number''' {{BookCat}} n2iezwu0tcqozhwfbs6yp5vu2kr93e3 4634526 4634476 2026-05-06T23:16:50Z JustTheFacts33 3434282 /* Position 5, Engine: */ 4634526 wikitext text/x-wiki ===Positions 1–3, World Manufacturer Identifier:=== * WP0 - Porsche passenger car * WP1 - Porsche SUV ===Position 4, Body Style:=== '''924:''' * A = Coupe '''944:''' * A = Coupe * B = Cabriolet (1989 only) * C = Cabriolet (1990-1991) '''968/Boxster/Cayman/718:''' * A = Coupe * C = Cabriolet '''928:''' * J = Coupe (1981-1990) * A = Coupe (1991-1995) '''911:''' * A = Coupe (Except Type 930 Turbo coupe) * B = Targa (911 - Type 964/996/997/991/992) * C = Cabriolet (911 - Type 964/993/996/997/991/992) or Speedster (Type 964/997/991) or Roadster (Type 964) * D = Targa (911 - Type 993) * E = Targa or Cabriolet (911 [1981-1989] or 911 Turbo - Type 930 [1987-1989]) or Speedster (911 - 1989) * J = Turbo Coupe (911 - Type 930 [US: 1986-1989, Canada: 1981-1989]) '''Carrera GT / 918 Spyder:''' * C = Cabriolet '''Panamera / Taycan:''' * A = sedan (SWB) * B = LWB sedan (Panamera Executive) or Cross Turismo (Taycan) * C = Sport Turismo '''Macan / Cayenne:''' * A = SUV (wagon) * B = Coupe-styled SUV (Cayenne Coupe) ===Position 5, Engine:=== '''924:''' Type 924: *A = 2.0L SOHC 8-valve Audi EA831 I4, 110 hp (924 '81-'82) Type 931: *A = 2.0L turbo SOHC 8-valve Audi EA831 I4, 154 hp (924 Turbo '81-'82) Type 924: *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 147 hp (924S '87) *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 158 hp (924S '88) '''944:''' Type 944: *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 143 hp (944 [base model] '83-'86) *B = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 147 hp (944 [base model] '87) *B = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 158 hp (944 [base model] '88) *A = 2.5L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 188 hp (944S '87-'88) *A = 2.7L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 163 hp (944 [base model] '89) *B = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 208 hp (944 S2 '89 [coupe only], '90-'91 [coupe & cabriolet]) *A = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 208 hp (944 S2 '89 [cabriolet only]) Type 951: *A = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.51 I4, 217 hp (944 Turbo '86-'88) *A = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.52 I4, 247 hp (944 Turbo S '88, Turbo '89) *C = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.52 I4, 247 hp (944 Turbo '90 [Canada only]) '''968:''' *A = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 236 hp ('92-'95) '''928:''' *A = 4.5L SOHC 16-valve Porsche M28 V8, 220 hp (928 '81-'82) *B = 4.7L SOHC 16-valve Porsche M28 V8, 234 hp (928 S '83-'84) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 288 hp (928 S '85-'86) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 316 hp (928 S4 '87-'90) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 326 hp (928 GT '89-'90) *A = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 316 hp (928 S4 '91) *A = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 326 hp (928 GT '91) *A = 5.4L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 345 hp (928 GTS '93-'95) '''Boxster/Cayman:''' Type 986: *A = 2.5L flat-6, 201 hp (Boxster '97-'99) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 217 hp (Boxster '00-'02) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 225 hp (Boxster '03-'04) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 250 hp (Boxster S '00-'02) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 258 hp (Boxster S '03-'04) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 264 hp (Boxster S 50 Years of the 550 Spyder Anniversary Edition '04) Type 987: *A = 2.7L flat-6, 240 hp (Boxster '05-'06) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 245 hp (Boxster '07-'08, Limited Edition '08), 245 hp (Cayman '07-'08) *A = 2.9L flat-6, 255 hp (Boxster '09-'12), 265 hp (Cayman '09-'12) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 280 hp (Boxster S '05-'06) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 295 hp (Boxster S '07-'08, S Limited Edition '08), 295 hp (Cayman S '06-'08) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 310 hp (Boxster S '09-'12), 320 hp (Cayman S '09-'12) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 303 hp (Boxster S Porsche Design Edition 2 '08, RS 60 Spyder '08), 303 hp (Cayman S Sport '08) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 320 hp (Boxster S Black Edition '12, Spyder '11-'12), 330 hp (Cayman S Black Edition '12, Cayman R '12) Type 981: *A = 2.7L flat-6, 265 hp (Boxster '13-'16, Boxster Black Edition '16), 275 hp (Cayman '14-'16) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 315 hp (Boxster S '13-'16), 325 hp (Cayman S '14-'16) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 330 hp (Boxster GTS '15-'16), 340 hp (Cayman GTS '15-'16) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 375 hp (Boxster Spyder '16), 385 hp (Cayman GT4 '16) '''718 Boxster/Cayman:''' Type 982: *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 300 hp <br> (718 Boxster '17-'25, 718 Boxster T '20-'23, 718 Boxster Style Edition '24-'25, 718 Cayman '17-'25, 718 Cayman T '20-'23, 718 Cayman Style Edition '24-'25) *B = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 350 hp (718 Boxster S, 718 Cayman S '17-'25) *B = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 365 hp (718 Boxster GTS, 718 Cayman GTS '18-'19) *D = 4.0L flat-6, 394 hp (718 Boxster GTS 4.0 '21-'25, 718 Boxster 25 Years '21, 718 Cayman GTS 4.0 '21-'25) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 414 hp (718 Spyder, 718 Cayman GT4 '20-'23) *E = 4.0L flat-6, 493 hp (718 Spyder RS '24-'25, 718 Cayman GT4 RS '23-'25) '''911:''' Type 911: *B = 3.0L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 172 hp (911 SC Coupe/Targa '81-'83, Cabriolet '83) *B = 3.2L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 200 hp (911 Carrera '84-'86) *B = 3.2L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 214 hp (911 Carrera '87-'89, Club Sport '88-'89, Speedster '89) Type 930: *A = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6 (Engine ID: 930/66), 296 hp (911 Turbo Canada: '81-'87) *B = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6 (Engine ID: 930/68), 282 hp (911 Turbo US: '86-'89, Canada '88-'89) Type 964: *B = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 247 hp (911 Carrera 2 '90-'94, Targa '90-'94, 911 America Roadster '92-'93, RS America '93-'94, Speedster '94,<br> Carrera 4 '89-'94, Carrera 4 Widebody Coupe '94, Carrera 4 Targa '90-'93) *B = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 256 hp (911 Carrera Cup USA Edition '92) *A = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 315 hp (911 Turbo '91-'92) *C = 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 355 hp (911 Turbo 3.6 '94) *C = 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 380 hp (911 Turbo S 3.6 '94) Type 993: *A = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 270 hp (911 Carrera '95, Carrera 4 '95) *A = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 282 hp (911 Carrera '96-'98, Targa '96-'98, Carrera S '98, Carrera 4 '96-'98, Carrera 4S '96-'98) *C = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 400 hp (911 Turbo '96-'97) *C = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6, 424 hp (911 Turbo S '97) Type 996: *A = 3.4L DOHC 24-valve water-cooled flat-6, 296 hp (911 Carrera '99, Carrera 4 '99) *A = 3.4L flat-6, 300 hp (911 Carrera '00-'01, Carrera 4 '00-'01) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 320 hp (911 Carrera '02-'04, Carrera Cabriolet '05, Targa '02-'05, Carrera 4 '02-'04, Carrera 4S '03-'05) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 345 hp (911 Carrera 40th Anniversary Edition -'04) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 415 hp (911 Turbo '01-'05) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 444 hp (911 Turbo S '05) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 381 hp (911 GT3 '04-'05) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 456 hp (911 GT2 '02-'03) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 477 hp (911 GT2 '04) Type 997: *A = 3.6L flat-6, 325 hp (911 Carrera '05-'08, Carrera 4 '06-'08, Targa 4 '07-'08) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 345 hp (911 Carrera '09-'12, Carrera Black Edition '12, Carrera 4 '09-'12, Targa 4 '09-'12) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 355 hp (911 Carrera S '05-'08, Carrera 4S '06-'08, Targa 4S '07-'08) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 385 hp (911 Carrera S '09-'12, Carrera 4S '09-'12, Targa 4S '09-'12) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 381 hp (911 Carrera S Club Coupe '06) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 408 hp (911 Carrera GTS '11-'12, Carrera 4 GTS '12, Speedster '11) *D = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 480 hp (911 Turbo '07-'09) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 500 hp (911 Turbo '10-'13) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 530 hp (911 Turbo S '11-'13) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 415 hp (911 GT3 '07-'08) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 435 hp (911 GT3 '10-'11) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 415 hp (911 GT3 RS '07-'08) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 450 hp (911 GT3 RS '10-'11) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3 RS 4.0 '11) *D = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 530 hp (911 GT2 '08-'09) *E = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 620 hp (911 GT2 RS '11) Type 991.1: *A = 3.4L flat-6, 350 hp (911 Carrera '12-'16, Carrera 4 '13-'16, Targa 4 '14-'16) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 400 hp (911 Carrera S '12-'16, Carrera 4S '13-'16, Targa 4S '14-'16, 911 50th Anniversary Edition '14) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 430 hp (911 Carrera GTS '15-'16, Carrera 4 GTS '15-'16, Targa 4 GTS '16) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 520 hp (911 Turbo '14-'16) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 560 hp (911 Turbo S '14-'16) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 475 hp (911 GT3 '14-'15) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3 RS '16, 911 R '16) Type 991.2: *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 370 hp (911 Carrera '17-'19, Carrera T '18-'19, Carrera 4 '17-'19, Targa 4 '17-'19) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 420 hp (911 Carrera S '17-'19, Carrera 4S '17-'19, Targa 4S '17-'19) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 450 hp (911 Carrera GTS '17-'19, Carrera 4 GTS '17-'19, Targa 4 GTS '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 540 hp (911 Turbo '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 580 hp (911 Turbo S '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 607 hp (911 Turbo S Exclusive Series '18-'19) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3, GT3 Touring '18-'19) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 502 hp (911 Speedster '19) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 520 hp (911 GT3 RS '19) *E = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 690 hp (911 GT2 RS '18-'19) Type 992: *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 379 hp (911 Carrera '20-'24, Carrera T '23-'24, Carrera 4 '20-'24, Targa 4 '21-'24) *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 388 hp (911 Carrera, Carrera T '25-, Carrera T Club Coupe '26) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 443 hp (911 Carrera S '20-'24, Carrera 4S '20-'24, Targa 4S '21-'24) *H = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 473 hp (911 Carrera S '26-, Carrera 4S '26-, Targa 4S '26-) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 473 hp (911 Carrera GTS '22-'24, Carrera 4 GTS '22-'24, Targa 4 GTS '22-'24, Dakar '23-'24) *B = Hybrid: 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 532 hp (911 Carrera GTS, Carrera 4 GTS, Targa 4 GTS '25-, 911 Spirit 70 '26) *G = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 543 hp (911 Sport Classic '23) *D = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 572 hp (911 Turbo '21-'25) *D = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 640 hp (911 Turbo S '21-'25) *D = Hybrid: 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 701 hp (911 Turbo S '26-) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 502 hp (911 GT3, GT3 Touring '22-'26) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 518 hp (911 GT3 RS '23-'25, 911 S/T '24) '''Carrera GT:''' *A = 5.7L Porsche M80.01 68° V10, 605 hp (Carrera GT '04-'05) '''918 Spyder:''' *A = PHEV: 4.6L Porsche M18 flat-plane crank V8 + 2 electric motors (1 front, 1 rear), Lithium-ion battery, 887 total system hp (918 Spyder '15) '''Panamera:''' Type 970: *A = 3.6L Porsche M46.20 (2wd)/M46.40 (4wd) 90° V6, 300 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '11-'13) *A = 3.6L Porsche M46.20 (2wd)/M46.40 (4wd) 90° V6, 310 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '14-'16) *D = HEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Nickel-metal hydride battery, 380 hp (Panamera S Hybrid '12-'13) *D = PHEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 416 hp (Panamera S E-Hybrid '14-'16) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 400 hp (Panamera S, 4S '10-'13) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.60 90° V6, 420 hp (Panamera S, 4S '14-'16) *F = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 430 hp (Panamera GTS '13) *F = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 440 hp (Panamera GTS '14-'16) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Panamera Turbo '10-'13) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Panamera Turbo '14-'16) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Panamera Turbo S '12-'13) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 570 hp (Panamera Turbo S '15-'16) Type 971 & 976: *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 330 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '17-'20) *J = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 325 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '21-'23) *A = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 348 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '24-) *E = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 455 hp (Panamera 4 E-Hybrid '18-'23) *E = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 463 hp (Panamera 4 E-Hybrid '25-) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 440 hp (Panamera 4S '17-'20) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 443 hp (Panamera 4S '21-'23) *K = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 552 hp (Panamera 4S E-Hybrid '21-'23) *C = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 536 hp (Panamera 4S E-Hybrid '25-) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 453 hp (Panamera GTS '19-'20) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 473 hp (Panamera GTS '21-'23) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 493 hp (Panamera GTS '25-) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 550 hp (Panamera Turbo '17-'20) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 620 hp (Panamera Turbo S '21-'23) *F = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 670 hp (Panamera Turbo E-Hybrid '25-) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 680 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '18-'20) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 690 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '21-'23) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 771 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '25-) '''Taycan:''' *A = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 402 hp (71 Kwh battery) or 469 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan '21-'24) *A = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 402 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 429 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan '25-) *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 402 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 429 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4 '25-) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 522 hp (71 Kwh battery) or 562 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4S '20-'24) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 536 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 590 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4S '25-) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 590 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan GTS '22-'24) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 690 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan GTS '25-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 670 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo '20-'24) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 750 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo S '20-'24) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 871 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo '25-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 938 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo S '25-) *E = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 1019 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo GT '25-) '''Macan:''' *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA888T I4, 248 hp (Macan '17-'21) *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA888T I4, 261 hp (Macan '22-, Macan T '23-) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.30 90° V6, 340 hp (Macan S '15-'18) *B = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 348 hp (Macan S '19-'21) *G = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 375 hp (Macan S '22-) *G = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.30 90° V6, 360 hp (Macan GTS '17-'18) *G = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 375 hp (Macan GTS '20-'21) *F = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Macan GTS '22-) *F = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 400 hp (Macan Turbo '15-'18) *F = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 440 hp (Macan Turbo w/Performance Package '17-'18) *F = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Macan Turbo '20-'21) '''Macan Electric:''' *D = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 355 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric '25-) *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 402 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric 4 '24-) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 509 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric 4S '25-) *E = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 563 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric GTS '26-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 630 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric Turbo '24-) '''Cayenne:''' 955/957 or 9PA: *A = 3.2L (3189cc) VW EA390 15° VR6, 247 hp (Cayenne '04-'06) *A = 3.6L (3598cc) VW EA390 10.6° FSI VR6, 290 hp (Cayenne '08-'10) *B = 4.5L Porsche M48 V8, 340 hp (Cayenne S '03-'06, S Titanium Edition '06) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 385 hp (Cayenne S '08-'10) *D = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 405 hp (Cayenne GTS '08-'10, S Transsyberia '10) *C = 4.5L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 450 hp (Cayenne Turbo '03-'06) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Cayenne Turbo '08-'10) *C = 4.5L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '06) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '09-'10) 958 or 92A: *A = 3.6L (3598cc) VW EA390 10.6° VR6, 300 hp (Cayenne '11-'14, '16-'18) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 400 hp (Cayenne S '11-'14) *B = 3.6L (3604cc) twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 420 hp (Cayenne S '15-'18) *E = HEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Nickel-metal hydride battery, 380 hp (Cayenne S Hybrid '11-'14) *E = PHEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 416 hp (Cayenne S E-Hybrid '15-'18) *D = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 420 hp (Cayenne GTS '13-'14) *D = 3.6L (3604cc) twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 440 hp (Cayenne GTS '16-'18) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Cayenne Turbo '11-'14) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Cayenne Turbo '15-'18) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '14) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 570 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '16-'18) *F = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA897 90° Diesel V6, 240 hp (Cayenne Diesel '13-'16) 9YA/9YB: *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 335 hp (Cayenne '19-'23) *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 348 hp (Cayenne '24-) *E = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 455 hp (Cayenne E-Hybrid '19-'23) *E = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 463 hp (Cayenne E-Hybrid '24-) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Cayenne S '19-'23) *L = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 468 hp (Cayenne S '24-) *N = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 512 hp (Cayenne S E-Hybrid '24-) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 453 hp (Cayenne GTS '21-'23) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 493 hp (Cayenne GTS '25-) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 541 hp (Cayenne Turbo '19-'23) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 670 hp (Cayenne Turbo S E-Hybrid '20-'23) *M = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 729 hp (Cayenne Turbo E-Hybrid '24-) *K = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 631 hp (Cayenne Coupe Turbo GT '22-'23) *K = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 650 hp (Cayenne Coupe Turbo GT '24-) '''Cayenne Electric:''' *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 435 hp (108 Kwh battery) (Cayenne Electric '26-) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 1139 hp (108 Kwh battery) (Cayenne Electric Turbo '26-) ===Position 6, Restraint Systems:=== *1 = Seat Belts only *2 = Passive Restraint System - Airbags (Driver and Passenger Front Airbags) ===Position 7-8, Vehicle Type Code=== {| class="wikitable" |+Position 7 !VIN Pos. 7-8 !Complete Vehicle Type Code !Model !Type |- |92 |924 |924 (1981-1982 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |93 |931 |924 Turbo (1981-1982) |931 |- |92 |924 |924S (1987-1988 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |94 |944 |944 (1983-1991 w/normally aspirated engine) |944 |- |95 |951 |944 Turbo (1986-1989 & 1990 in Canada) |951 |- |96 |968 |968 (1992-1995) |968 |- |92 |928 |928 (1981-1995) |928 |- |98 |986 |Boxster (1997-2004) |986 |- |98 |987 |Boxster (2005-2009)/Cayman (2006-2009) |987 |- |A8 |A87 |Boxster (2010-2012)/Cayman (2010-2012) |987 |- |A8 |A81 |Boxster (2013-2016)/Cayman (2014-2016) |981 |- |A8 |A82 |718 Boxster/Cayman (2017-2025) |982 |- |91 |911 |911 (1981-1989 2wd w/normally aspirated engine) |911 |- |93 |930 |911 (1986-1989 911 Turbo) |930 |- |96 |964 |911 (1989-1994 Carrera 4, 1990-1994 Carrera 2, 1991-1994 Turbo) |964 |- |99 |993 |911 (1995-1998) |993 |- |99 |996 |911 (1999-2004) |996 |- |99 |997 |911 (2005-2009) |997 |- |A9 |A97 |911 (2010-2012) |997 |- |A9 |A91 |911 (2013-2019) |991 |- |A9 |A92 |911 (2020-) |992 |- |98 |980 |Carrera GT (2004-2005) |980 |- |A1 |A18 |918 Spyder (2015) |918 |- |A7 |A70 |Panamera (2010-2016) |970 |- |A7 |A71 |Panamera (2017-2023) |971 |- |YA | |Panamera (2024-) |976 |- |Y1 |Y1A |Taycan (2020-) |9J1 or <br> Y1A (sedan)/Y1B (Cross Turismo)/Y1C (Sport Turismo) |- |A5 |A5B |Macan (2015-) |95B |- |XA | |Macan Electric (2024-) |XAB |- |9P |9PA |Cayenne (2003-2009) |9PA |- |AP |APA |Cayenne (2010) |9PA |- |A2 |A2A |Cayenne (2011-2018) |92A |- |AY |AYA |Cayenne (wagon: 2019-, coupe: 2020-) |9YA (wagon)/9YB (coupe) |- |X1 | |Cayenne Electric (2026-) |E4 |} ===Position 9, Check Digit=== [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit |Check digit]] ===Position 10, Model Year: === [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]] ===Position 11, Production Plant:=== * S: Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen, Germany (includes: Type 937 - 924 Carrera GTS/GTR [N/A in US/Canada], a few late '91 944 S2 coupe & cabriolet [RoW-spec]) * L: Leipzig, Germany (Cayenne '03-'18, Carrera GT '04-'05, Panamera '10-, Macan '15-, Macan Electric '24-) * D: Bratislava, Slovakia (VW plant - Cayenne '19-, Cayenne Electric '26-) * K: Osnabrueck, Germany (ex-Karmann VW plant - Cayenne '16-'18, Boxster '13-15, Cayman '14-'16, 718 Boxster '24-'25, 718 Cayman '17-'18, '20-'21, '23-'25) * N: Neckarsulm, Germany (Audi plant - 924, 944) (includes Type 937 - 924 Carrera GT [N/A in US/Canada]) * U: Uusikaupunki, Finland (Valmet plant - Boxster '98-'11, Cayman '06-'12) Note: RoW=Rest of World (non-US/Canada markets) ===Position 12, 3rd Digit of Vehicle Type Code=== Note: Only applies to models with a 3-digit Vehicle Type Code. Models with a 2-digit Vehicle Type Code use pos. 12 for the serial number. {| class="wikitable" |+Position 12 !VIN Pos. 12 !Complete Vehicle Type Code !Model !Type |- |4 |924 |924 (1981-1982 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |1 |931 |924 Turbo (1981-1982) |931 |- |4 |924 |924S (1987-1988 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |4 |944 |944 (1983-1991 w/normally aspirated engine) |944 |- |1 |951 |944 Turbo (1986-1989 & 1990 in Canada) |951 |- |8 |968 |968 (1992-1995) |968 |- |8 |928 |928 (1981-1995) |928 |- |6 |986 |Boxster (1997-2004) |986 |- |7 |987 |Boxster (2005-2009)/Cayman (2006-2009) |987 |- |7 |A87 |Boxster (2010-2012)/Cayman (2010-2012) |987 |- |1 |A81 |Boxster (2013-2016)/Cayman (2014-2016) |981 |- |2 |A82 |718 Boxster/Cayman (2017-2025) |982 |- |1 |911 |911 (1981-1989 2wd w/normally aspirated engine) |911 |- |0 |930 |911 (1986-1989 911 Turbo) |930 |- |4 |964 |911 (1989-1994 Carrera 4, 1990-1994 Carrera 2, 1991-1994 Turbo) |964 |- |3 |993 |911 (1995-1998) |993 |- |6 |996 |911 (1999-2004) |996 |- |7 |997 |911 (2005-2009) |997 |- |7 |A97 |911 (2010-2012) |997 |- |1 |A91 |911 (2013-2019) |991 |- |2 |A92 |911 (2020-) |992 |- |0 |980 |Carrera GT (2004-2005) |980 |- |8 |A18 |918 Spyder (2015) |918 |- |0 |A70 |Panamera (2010-2016) |970 |- |1 |A71 |Panamera (2017-2023) |971 |- |A |Y1A |Taycan (2020-) |9J1 or <br> Y1A (sedan)/Y1B (Cross Turismo)/Y1C (Sport Turismo) |- |B |A5B |Macan (2015-) |95B |- |A |9PA |Cayenne (2003-2009) |9PA |- |A |APA |Cayenne (2010) |9PA |- |A |A2A |Cayenne (2011-2018) |92A |- |A |AYA |Cayenne (wagon: 2019-, coupe: 2020-) |9YA (wagon)/9YB (coupe) |} '''Positions 12–17 or 13–17, Serial Number''' {{BookCat}} p3u047tu6fz18pbhiz827d4shjheqst 4634528 4634526 2026-05-06T23:44:15Z JustTheFacts33 3434282 /* Position 5, Engine: */ 4634528 wikitext text/x-wiki ===Positions 1–3, World Manufacturer Identifier:=== * WP0 - Porsche passenger car * WP1 - Porsche SUV ===Position 4, Body Style:=== '''924:''' * A = Coupe '''944:''' * A = Coupe * B = Cabriolet (1989 only) * C = Cabriolet (1990-1991) '''968/Boxster/Cayman/718:''' * A = Coupe * C = Cabriolet '''928:''' * J = Coupe (1981-1990) * A = Coupe (1991-1995) '''911:''' * A = Coupe (Except Type 930 Turbo coupe) * B = Targa (911 - Type 964/996/997/991/992) * C = Cabriolet (911 - Type 964/993/996/997/991/992) or Speedster (Type 964/997/991) or Roadster (Type 964) * D = Targa (911 - Type 993) * E = Targa or Cabriolet (911 [1981-1989] or 911 Turbo - Type 930 [1987-1989]) or Speedster (911 - 1989) * J = Turbo Coupe (911 - Type 930 [US: 1986-1989, Canada: 1981-1989]) '''Carrera GT / 918 Spyder:''' * C = Cabriolet '''Panamera / Taycan:''' * A = sedan (SWB) * B = LWB sedan (Panamera Executive) or Cross Turismo (Taycan) * C = Sport Turismo '''Macan / Cayenne:''' * A = SUV (wagon) * B = Coupe-styled SUV (Cayenne Coupe) ===Position 5, Engine:=== '''924:''' Type 924: *A = 2.0L SOHC 8-valve Audi EA831 I4, 110 hp (924 '81-'82) Type 931: *A = 2.0L turbo SOHC 8-valve Audi EA831 I4, 154 hp (924 Turbo '81-'82) Type 924: *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 147 hp (924S '87) *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 158 hp (924S '88) '''944:''' Type 944: *A = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 143 hp (944 [base model] '83-'86) *B = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 147 hp (944 [base model] '87) *B = 2.5L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 158 hp (944 [base model] '88) *A = 2.5L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 188 hp (944S '87-'88) *A = 2.7L SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44 I4, 163 hp (944 [base model] '89) *B = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 208 hp (944 S2 '89 [coupe only], '90-'91 [coupe & cabriolet]) *A = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 208 hp (944 S2 '89 [cabriolet only]) Type 951: *A = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.51 I4, 217 hp (944 Turbo '86-'88) *A = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.52 I4, 247 hp (944 Turbo S '88, Turbo '89) *C = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 8-valve Porsche M44.52 I4, 247 hp (944 Turbo '90 [Canada only]) '''968:''' *A = 3.0L DOHC 16-valve Porsche M44 I4, 236 hp ('92-'95) '''928:''' *A = 4.5L SOHC 16-valve Porsche M28 V8, 220 hp (928 '81-'82) *B = 4.7L SOHC 16-valve Porsche M28 V8, 234 hp (928 S '83-'84) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 288 hp (928 S '85-'86) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 316 hp (928 S4 '87-'90) *B = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 326 hp (928 GT '89-'90) *A = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 316 hp (928 S4 '91) *A = 5.0L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 326 hp (928 GT '91) *A = 5.4L DOHC 32-valve Porsche M28 V8, 345 hp (928 GTS '93-'95) '''Boxster/Cayman:''' Type 986: *A = 2.5L flat-6, 201 hp (Boxster '97-'99) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 217 hp (Boxster '00-'02) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 225 hp (Boxster '03-'04) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 250 hp (Boxster S '00-'02) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 258 hp (Boxster S '03-'04) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 264 hp (Boxster S 50 Years of the 550 Spyder Anniversary Edition '04) Type 987: *A = 2.7L flat-6, 240 hp (Boxster '05-'06) *A = 2.7L flat-6, 245 hp (Boxster '07-'08, Limited Edition '08), 245 hp (Cayman '07-'08) *A = 2.9L flat-6, 255 hp (Boxster '09-'12), 265 hp (Cayman '09-'12) *B = 3.2L flat-6, 280 hp (Boxster S '05-'06) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 295 hp (Boxster S '07-'08, S Limited Edition '08), 295 hp (Cayman S '06-'08) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 310 hp (Boxster S '09-'12), 320 hp (Cayman S '09-'12) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 303 hp (Boxster S Porsche Design Edition 2 '08, RS 60 Spyder '08), 303 hp (Cayman S Sport '08) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 320 hp (Boxster S Black Edition '12, Spyder '11-'12), 330 hp (Cayman S Black Edition '12, Cayman R '12) Type 981: *A = 2.7L flat-6, 265 hp (Boxster '13-'16, Boxster Black Edition '16), 275 hp (Cayman '14-'16) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 315 hp (Boxster S '13-'16), 325 hp (Cayman S '14-'16) *B = 3.4L flat-6, 330 hp (Boxster GTS '15-'16), 340 hp (Cayman GTS '15-'16) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 375 hp (Boxster Spyder '16), 385 hp (Cayman GT4 '16) '''718 Boxster/Cayman:''' Type 982: *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 300 hp <br> (718 Boxster '17-'25, 718 Boxster T '20-'23, 718 Boxster Style Edition '24-'25, 718 Cayman '17-'25, 718 Cayman T '20-'23, 718 Cayman Style Edition '24-'25) *B = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 350 hp (718 Boxster S, 718 Cayman S '17-'25) *B = 2.5L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-4, 365 hp (718 Boxster GTS, 718 Cayman GTS '18-'19) *D = 4.0L flat-6, 394 hp (718 Boxster GTS 4.0 '21-'25, 718 Boxster 25 Years '21, 718 Cayman GTS 4.0 '21-'25) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 414 hp (718 Spyder, 718 Cayman GT4 '20-'23) *E = 4.0L flat-6, 493 hp (718 Spyder RS '24-'25, 718 Cayman GT4 RS '23-'25) '''911:''' Type 911: *B = 3.0L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6 (Engine ID: 930/16), 172 hp (911 SC Coupe/Targa '81-'83, Cabriolet '83) *B = 3.2L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6 (Engine ID: 930/21), 200 hp (911 Carrera '84-'86) *B = 3.2L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6 (Engine ID: 930/25), 214 hp (911 Carrera '87-'89, Club Sport '88-'89, Speedster '89) Type 930: *A = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6 (Engine ID: 930/60 ['81-'82], 930/66 ['83-'87]), 296 hp (911 Turbo Canada: '81-'87) *B = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled flat-6 (Engine ID: 930/68), 282 hp (911 Turbo US: '86-'89, Canada '88-'89) Type 964: *B = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled M64 flat-6, 247 hp (911 Carrera 2 '90-'94, Targa '90-'94, 911 America Roadster '92-'93, RS America '93-'94, Speedster '94,<br> Carrera 4 '89-'94, Carrera 4 Widebody Coupe '94, Carrera 4 Targa '90-'93) *B = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled M64 flat-6, 256 hp (911 Carrera Cup USA Edition '92) *A = 3.3L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled M30 flat-6, 315 hp (911 Turbo '91-'92) *C = 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled M64 flat-6, 355 hp (911 Turbo 3.6 '94) *C = 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled M64 flat-6, 380 hp (911 Turbo S 3.6 '94) Type 993: *A = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled M64 flat-6, 270 hp (911 Carrera '95, Carrera 4 '95) *A = 3.6L SOHC 12-valve air-cooled M64 flat-6, 282 hp (911 Carrera '96-'98, Targa '96-'98, Carrera S '98, Carrera 4 '96-'98, Carrera 4S '96-'98) *C = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled M64 flat-6, 400 hp (911 Turbo '96-'97) *C = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] SOHC 12-valve air-cooled M64 flat-6, 424 hp (911 Turbo S '97) Type 996: *A = 3.4L DOHC 24-valve water-cooled flat-6, 296 hp (911 Carrera '99, Carrera 4 '99) *A = 3.4L flat-6, 300 hp (911 Carrera '00-'01, Carrera 4 '00-'01) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 320 hp (911 Carrera '02-'04, Carrera Cabriolet '05, Targa '02-'05, Carrera 4 '02-'04, Carrera 4S '03-'05) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 345 hp (911 Carrera 40th Anniversary Edition -'04) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 415 hp (911 Turbo '01-'05) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 444 hp (911 Turbo S '05) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 381 hp (911 GT3 '04-'05) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 456 hp (911 GT2 '02-'03) *B = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 477 hp (911 GT2 '04) Type 997: *A = 3.6L flat-6, 325 hp (911 Carrera '05-'08, Carrera 4 '06-'08, Targa 4 '07-'08) *A = 3.6L flat-6, 345 hp (911 Carrera '09-'12, Carrera Black Edition '12, Carrera 4 '09-'12, Targa 4 '09-'12) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 355 hp (911 Carrera S '05-'08, Carrera 4S '06-'08, Targa 4S '07-'08) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 385 hp (911 Carrera S '09-'12, Carrera 4S '09-'12, Targa 4S '09-'12) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 381 hp (911 Carrera S Club Coupe '06) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 408 hp (911 Carrera GTS '11-'12, Carrera 4 GTS '12, Speedster '11) *D = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 480 hp (911 Turbo '07-'09) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 500 hp (911 Turbo '10-'13) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 530 hp (911 Turbo S '11-'13) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 415 hp (911 GT3 '07-'08) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 435 hp (911 GT3 '10-'11) *C = 3.6L flat-6, 415 hp (911 GT3 RS '07-'08) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 450 hp (911 GT3 RS '10-'11) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3 RS 4.0 '11) *D = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 530 hp (911 GT2 '08-'09) *E = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 620 hp (911 GT2 RS '11) Type 991.1: *A = 3.4L flat-6, 350 hp (911 Carrera '12-'16, Carrera 4 '13-'16, Targa 4 '14-'16) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 400 hp (911 Carrera S '12-'16, Carrera 4S '13-'16, Targa 4S '14-'16, 911 50th Anniversary Edition '14) *B = 3.8L flat-6, 430 hp (911 Carrera GTS '15-'16, Carrera 4 GTS '15-'16, Targa 4 GTS '16) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 520 hp (911 Turbo '14-'16) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 560 hp (911 Turbo S '14-'16) *C = 3.8L flat-6, 475 hp (911 GT3 '14-'15) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3 RS '16, 911 R '16) Type 991.2: *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 370 hp (911 Carrera '17-'19, Carrera T '18-'19, Carrera 4 '17-'19, Targa 4 '17-'19) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 420 hp (911 Carrera S '17-'19, Carrera 4S '17-'19, Targa 4S '17-'19) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 450 hp (911 Carrera GTS '17-'19, Carrera 4 GTS '17-'19, Targa 4 GTS '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 540 hp (911 Turbo '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 580 hp (911 Turbo S '17-'19) *D = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 607 hp (911 Turbo S Exclusive Series '18-'19) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 500 hp (911 GT3, GT3 Touring '18-'19) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 502 hp (911 Speedster '19) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 520 hp (911 GT3 RS '19) *E = 3.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 690 hp (911 GT2 RS '18-'19) Type 992: *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 379 hp (911 Carrera '20-'24, Carrera T '23-'24, Carrera 4 '20-'24, Targa 4 '21-'24) *A = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 388 hp (911 Carrera, Carrera T '25-, Carrera T Club Coupe '26) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 443 hp (911 Carrera S '20-'24, Carrera 4S '20-'24, Targa 4S '21-'24) *H = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 473 hp (911 Carrera S '26-, Carrera 4S '26-, Targa 4S '26-) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 473 hp (911 Carrera GTS '22-'24, Carrera 4 GTS '22-'24, Targa 4 GTS '22-'24, Dakar '23-'24) *B = Hybrid: 3.6L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 532 hp (911 Carrera GTS, Carrera 4 GTS, Targa 4 GTS '25-, 911 Spirit 70 '26) *G = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 543 hp (911 Sport Classic '23) *D = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 572 hp (911 Turbo '21-'25) *D = 3.7L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6, 640 hp (911 Turbo S '21-'25) *D = Hybrid: 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] flat-6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 701 hp (911 Turbo S '26-) *C = 4.0L flat-6, 502 hp (911 GT3, GT3 Touring '22-'26) *F = 4.0L flat-6, 518 hp (911 GT3 RS '23-'25, 911 S/T '24) '''Carrera GT:''' *A = 5.7L Porsche M80.01 68° V10, 605 hp (Carrera GT '04-'05) '''918 Spyder:''' *A = PHEV: 4.6L Porsche M18 flat-plane crank V8 + 2 electric motors (1 front, 1 rear), Lithium-ion battery, 887 total system hp (918 Spyder '15) '''Panamera:''' Type 970: *A = 3.6L Porsche M46.20 (2wd)/M46.40 (4wd) 90° V6, 300 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '11-'13) *A = 3.6L Porsche M46.20 (2wd)/M46.40 (4wd) 90° V6, 310 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '14-'16) *D = HEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Nickel-metal hydride battery, 380 hp (Panamera S Hybrid '12-'13) *D = PHEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 416 hp (Panamera S E-Hybrid '14-'16) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 400 hp (Panamera S, 4S '10-'13) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.60 90° V6, 420 hp (Panamera S, 4S '14-'16) *F = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 430 hp (Panamera GTS '13) *F = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 440 hp (Panamera GTS '14-'16) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Panamera Turbo '10-'13) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Panamera Turbo '14-'16) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Panamera Turbo S '12-'13) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 570 hp (Panamera Turbo S '15-'16) Type 971 & 976: *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 330 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '17-'20) *J = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 325 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '21-'23) *A = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 348 hp (Panamera, Panamera 4 '24-) *E = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 455 hp (Panamera 4 E-Hybrid '18-'23) *E = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 463 hp (Panamera 4 E-Hybrid '25-) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 440 hp (Panamera 4S '17-'20) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 443 hp (Panamera 4S '21-'23) *K = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 552 hp (Panamera 4S E-Hybrid '21-'23) *C = PHEV: 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 536 hp (Panamera 4S E-Hybrid '25-) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 453 hp (Panamera GTS '19-'20) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 473 hp (Panamera GTS '21-'23) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 493 hp (Panamera GTS '25-) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 550 hp (Panamera Turbo '17-'20) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 620 hp (Panamera Turbo S '21-'23) *F = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 670 hp (Panamera Turbo E-Hybrid '25-) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 680 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '18-'20) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 690 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '21-'23) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 771 hp (Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid '25-) '''Taycan:''' *A = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 402 hp (71 Kwh battery) or 469 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan '21-'24) *A = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 402 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 429 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan '25-) *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 402 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 429 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4 '25-) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 522 hp (71 Kwh battery) or 562 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4S '20-'24) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 536 hp (82.3 Kwh battery) or 590 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan 4S '25-) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 590 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan GTS '22-'24) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 690 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan GTS '25-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 670 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo '20-'24) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 750 hp (83.7 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo S '20-'24) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 871 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo '25-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 938 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo S '25-) *E = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 1019 hp (97 Kwh battery) (Taycan Turbo GT '25-) '''Macan:''' *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA888T I4, 248 hp (Macan '17-'21) *A = 2.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA888T I4, 261 hp (Macan '22-, Macan T '23-) *B = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.30 90° V6, 340 hp (Macan S '15-'18) *B = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 348 hp (Macan S '19-'21) *G = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 375 hp (Macan S '22-) *G = 3.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.30 90° V6, 360 hp (Macan GTS '17-'18) *G = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 375 hp (Macan GTS '20-'21) *F = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Macan GTS '22-) *F = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 400 hp (Macan Turbo '15-'18) *F = 3.6L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 440 hp (Macan Turbo w/Performance Package '17-'18) *F = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Macan Turbo '20-'21) '''Macan Electric:''' *D = battery-electric, 1 rear motor, Rwd, 355 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric '25-) *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 402 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric 4 '24-) *B = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 509 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric 4S '25-) *E = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 563 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric GTS '26-) *C = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 630 hp (95 Kwh battery) (Macan Electric Turbo '24-) '''Cayenne:''' 955/957 or 9PA: *A = 3.2L (3189cc) VW EA390 15° VR6, 247 hp (Cayenne '04-'06) *A = 3.6L (3598cc) VW EA390 10.6° FSI VR6, 290 hp (Cayenne '08-'10) *B = 4.5L Porsche M48 V8, 340 hp (Cayenne S '03-'06, S Titanium Edition '06) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 385 hp (Cayenne S '08-'10) *D = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 405 hp (Cayenne GTS '08-'10, S Transsyberia '10) *C = 4.5L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 450 hp (Cayenne Turbo '03-'06) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Cayenne Turbo '08-'10) *C = 4.5L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '06) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '09-'10) 958 or 92A: *A = 3.6L (3598cc) VW EA390 10.6° VR6, 300 hp (Cayenne '11-'14, '16-'18) *B = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 400 hp (Cayenne S '11-'14) *B = 3.6L (3604cc) twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 420 hp (Cayenne S '15-'18) *E = HEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Nickel-metal hydride battery, 380 hp (Cayenne S Hybrid '11-'14) *E = PHEV: 3.0L supercharged [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA837 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 416 hp (Cayenne S E-Hybrid '15-'18) *D = 4.8L Porsche M48 V8, 420 hp (Cayenne GTS '13-'14) *D = 3.6L (3604cc) twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M46.35 90° V6, 440 hp (Cayenne GTS '16-'18) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 500 hp (Cayenne Turbo '11-'14) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 520 hp (Cayenne Turbo '15-'18) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 550 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '14) *C = 4.8L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche M48 V8, 570 hp (Cayenne Turbo S '16-'18) *F = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi EA897 90° Diesel V6, 240 hp (Cayenne Diesel '13-'16) 9YA/9YB: *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 335 hp (Cayenne '19-'23) *A = 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6, 348 hp (Cayenne '24-) *E = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 455 hp (Cayenne E-Hybrid '19-'23) *E = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 463 hp (Cayenne E-Hybrid '24-) *B = 2.9L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839TT 90° V6, 434 hp (Cayenne S '19-'23) *L = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 468 hp (Cayenne S '24-) *N = PHEV: 3.0L turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Audi-Porsche EA839T 90° V6 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 512 hp (Cayenne S E-Hybrid '24-) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 453 hp (Cayenne GTS '21-'23) *G = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 493 hp (Cayenne GTS '25-) *F = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 541 hp (Cayenne Turbo '19-'23) *H = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 670 hp (Cayenne Turbo S E-Hybrid '20-'23) *M = PHEV: 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8 + electric motor, Lithium-ion battery, 729 hp (Cayenne Turbo E-Hybrid '24-) *K = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 631 hp (Cayenne Coupe Turbo GT '22-'23) *K = 4.0L twin-turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] Porsche-Audi EA825TT V8, 650 hp (Cayenne Coupe Turbo GT '24-) '''Cayenne Electric:''' *A = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 435 hp (108 Kwh battery) (Cayenne Electric '26-) *D = battery-electric, 2 motors, 4wd, 1139 hp (108 Kwh battery) (Cayenne Electric Turbo '26-) ===Position 6, Restraint Systems:=== *1 = Seat Belts only *2 = Passive Restraint System - Airbags (Driver and Passenger Front Airbags) ===Position 7-8, Vehicle Type Code=== {| class="wikitable" |+Position 7 !VIN Pos. 7-8 !Complete Vehicle Type Code !Model !Type |- |92 |924 |924 (1981-1982 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |93 |931 |924 Turbo (1981-1982) |931 |- |92 |924 |924S (1987-1988 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |94 |944 |944 (1983-1991 w/normally aspirated engine) |944 |- |95 |951 |944 Turbo (1986-1989 & 1990 in Canada) |951 |- |96 |968 |968 (1992-1995) |968 |- |92 |928 |928 (1981-1995) |928 |- |98 |986 |Boxster (1997-2004) |986 |- |98 |987 |Boxster (2005-2009)/Cayman (2006-2009) |987 |- |A8 |A87 |Boxster (2010-2012)/Cayman (2010-2012) |987 |- |A8 |A81 |Boxster (2013-2016)/Cayman (2014-2016) |981 |- |A8 |A82 |718 Boxster/Cayman (2017-2025) |982 |- |91 |911 |911 (1981-1989 2wd w/normally aspirated engine) |911 |- |93 |930 |911 (1986-1989 911 Turbo) |930 |- |96 |964 |911 (1989-1994 Carrera 4, 1990-1994 Carrera 2, 1991-1994 Turbo) |964 |- |99 |993 |911 (1995-1998) |993 |- |99 |996 |911 (1999-2004) |996 |- |99 |997 |911 (2005-2009) |997 |- |A9 |A97 |911 (2010-2012) |997 |- |A9 |A91 |911 (2013-2019) |991 |- |A9 |A92 |911 (2020-) |992 |- |98 |980 |Carrera GT (2004-2005) |980 |- |A1 |A18 |918 Spyder (2015) |918 |- |A7 |A70 |Panamera (2010-2016) |970 |- |A7 |A71 |Panamera (2017-2023) |971 |- |YA | |Panamera (2024-) |976 |- |Y1 |Y1A |Taycan (2020-) |9J1 or <br> Y1A (sedan)/Y1B (Cross Turismo)/Y1C (Sport Turismo) |- |A5 |A5B |Macan (2015-) |95B |- |XA | |Macan Electric (2024-) |XAB |- |9P |9PA |Cayenne (2003-2009) |9PA |- |AP |APA |Cayenne (2010) |9PA |- |A2 |A2A |Cayenne (2011-2018) |92A |- |AY |AYA |Cayenne (wagon: 2019-, coupe: 2020-) |9YA (wagon)/9YB (coupe) |- |X1 | |Cayenne Electric (2026-) |E4 |} ===Position 9, Check Digit=== [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit |Check digit]] ===Position 10, Model Year: === [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year|Model year]] ===Position 11, Production Plant:=== * S: Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen, Germany (includes: Type 937 - 924 Carrera GTS/GTR [N/A in US/Canada], a few late '91 944 S2 coupe & cabriolet [RoW-spec]) * L: Leipzig, Germany (Cayenne '03-'18, Carrera GT '04-'05, Panamera '10-, Macan '15-, Macan Electric '24-) * D: Bratislava, Slovakia (VW plant - Cayenne '19-, Cayenne Electric '26-) * K: Osnabrueck, Germany (ex-Karmann VW plant - Cayenne '16-'18, Boxster '13-15, Cayman '14-'16, 718 Boxster '24-'25, 718 Cayman '17-'18, '20-'21, '23-'25) * N: Neckarsulm, Germany (Audi plant - 924, 944) (includes Type 937 - 924 Carrera GT [N/A in US/Canada]) * U: Uusikaupunki, Finland (Valmet plant - Boxster '98-'11, Cayman '06-'12) Note: RoW=Rest of World (non-US/Canada markets) ===Position 12, 3rd Digit of Vehicle Type Code=== Note: Only applies to models with a 3-digit Vehicle Type Code. Models with a 2-digit Vehicle Type Code use pos. 12 for the serial number. {| class="wikitable" |+Position 12 !VIN Pos. 12 !Complete Vehicle Type Code !Model !Type |- |4 |924 |924 (1981-1982 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |1 |931 |924 Turbo (1981-1982) |931 |- |4 |924 |924S (1987-1988 w/normally aspirated engine) |924 |- |4 |944 |944 (1983-1991 w/normally aspirated engine) |944 |- |1 |951 |944 Turbo (1986-1989 & 1990 in Canada) |951 |- |8 |968 |968 (1992-1995) |968 |- |8 |928 |928 (1981-1995) |928 |- |6 |986 |Boxster (1997-2004) |986 |- |7 |987 |Boxster (2005-2009)/Cayman (2006-2009) |987 |- |7 |A87 |Boxster (2010-2012)/Cayman (2010-2012) |987 |- |1 |A81 |Boxster (2013-2016)/Cayman (2014-2016) |981 |- |2 |A82 |718 Boxster/Cayman (2017-2025) |982 |- |1 |911 |911 (1981-1989 2wd w/normally aspirated engine) |911 |- |0 |930 |911 (1986-1989 911 Turbo) |930 |- |4 |964 |911 (1989-1994 Carrera 4, 1990-1994 Carrera 2, 1991-1994 Turbo) |964 |- |3 |993 |911 (1995-1998) |993 |- |6 |996 |911 (1999-2004) |996 |- |7 |997 |911 (2005-2009) |997 |- |7 |A97 |911 (2010-2012) |997 |- |1 |A91 |911 (2013-2019) |991 |- |2 |A92 |911 (2020-) |992 |- |0 |980 |Carrera GT (2004-2005) |980 |- |8 |A18 |918 Spyder (2015) |918 |- |0 |A70 |Panamera (2010-2016) |970 |- |1 |A71 |Panamera (2017-2023) |971 |- |A |Y1A |Taycan (2020-) |9J1 or <br> Y1A (sedan)/Y1B (Cross Turismo)/Y1C (Sport Turismo) |- |B |A5B |Macan (2015-) |95B |- |A |9PA |Cayenne (2003-2009) |9PA |- |A |APA |Cayenne (2010) |9PA |- |A |A2A |Cayenne (2011-2018) |92A |- |A |AYA |Cayenne (wagon: 2019-, coupe: 2020-) |9YA (wagon)/9YB (coupe) |} '''Positions 12–17 or 13–17, Serial Number''' {{BookCat}} dezlf1he8jj9r9iit883ay3v9ue65qi 0 481983 4634433 4634341 2026-05-06T13:48:39Z Jon Peli Oleaga 2328922 4634433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{rfd}} Software is currently used to study the operation of electric power transmission lines. As an example, this article presents a program developed in the late 1970s to analyze the electrical behaviour of power lines. The program was used for about a decade in the second half of the 20th century by the European electric utility Iberduero, based in Bilbao (Basque Country). Written by the author of this article, who was also its only user, it ceased to be used when he left the transmission power line department during a company restructuring. Several years after his retirement, he was the only person aware of its existence, capabilities, and accuracy. Although the program is now obsolete, it can still be used to calculate line parameters, the electric and magnetic fields produced by the line, and the voltage and current imbalances generated under different operating conditions. It can also be used to study overvoltages caused by ferroresonance when one circuit of a double-circuit line is de-energized while connected to a shunt reactor at one end. The resulting overvoltages are not calculated with high accuracy, but the program allows identification of the reactance values for which they may occur. The program is written in the FORTRAN programming language, which was commonly used for technical calculations at the time. Although minor modifications have been made to allow it to run on more recent computers and compilers, the source code largely retains the structure of the original version Initially the software consisted of two separate programs: EREMU, mainly intended to calculate the electric and magnetic fields produced by AC overhead power lines, and PARLI, used to calculate their principal parameters and representative operating conditions. These programs were later merged into a single program in a way that preserved compatibility with the previously used input data files. This origin is still evident in the source code. The electric and magnetic field calculations are performed in accordance with the methods described in ''Transmission Line Reference Book: 345 kV and Above'' (TLRB)<ref name="TLRB345kV">{{cite book|last1=Chaston|first1=A.N.|last2=LaForest|first2=J.J.|last3=Ramirez|first3=A.R.|last4=and|first4=others|url=https://books.google.es/books/about/Transmission_line_reference_book_345_KV.html?id=17MsAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y |title=Transmission Line Reference Book 345 kV and Above|year=1975|edition=1st|pages=393}}</ref>, published by the Electric Power Research Institute in 1975, and ''L’Effet de Couronne en Tension Alternative'' (ECTA)<ref name="ECTA-EDF">{{cite book|last1=Gary|first1=Claude|last2=Moreau|first2=Marcel|title=L’Effet de Couronne en Tension Alternative|edition=1st|year=1977|url=https://www.eyrolles.com/BTP/Livre/l-effet-de-couronne-en-tension-alternative-9782212015539/ |publisher=Eyrolles|pages=464}}</ref>, published by Eyrolles in 1976 as part of the ''Collection de la Direction des Études et Recherches d’Électricité de France''. Calculations of other line parameters, including series impedances, shunt admittances, ABCD parameters, noise profiles, and imbalances under operating conditions, are also carried out following the procedures described in the TLRB. The analysis of resonant overvoltages is performed by means of successive imbalance calculations with different shunt reactors connected at one end, the other end, or both ends of the line. The complete program is provided so that interested users can copy it and run it using a free FORTRAN compiler. One suitable compiler is available from the Silverfrost website, which provides a free version for private use. Using the FTN95 Personal Edition compiler, the program can be compiled and executed without modification. == Input data for running the program == As was common in files of that period, the input data are written in lines with a maximum length of 80 characters. Although minor changes have been made to improve the documentation of the program, it is still not fully documented and no detailed instructions for its use are available. In addition, the method of entering input data may not be entirely clear. To assist anyone wishing to run the program, this section provides the data used to generate the results presented in this Wikibook. To run the program initially, copy this data into a file. Some of the input data may appear unusual, but they were chosen to illustrate how the data are entered rather than to represent realistic cases. The first two cases are intended to illustrate how the results of the program for the electric and magnetic fields should be interpreted at any location near a power line. The third case presents some of the line parameters used in the calculation of the electric and magnetic fields and shows that the values of the potential gradients (electric fields) at the conductor surface, as calculated by the program for single-circuit lines, are consistent with those given in Figure 3.2.8 of the TLRB. The fourth and fifth cases show that the values of the potential gradients (electric fields) at the conductor surface, as calculated by the program for double-circuit lines, are consistent with those given in Figures 3.2.24 and 3.2.25 of the TLRB. In these cases, in addition to the conductor surface gradients used for comparison with the aforementioned figures, the electric and magnetic fields at other locations near the lines are also calculated. This makes it possible to observe the significant influence of the phase arrangement of the second circuit relative to that of the first circuit on the electric and magnetic fields in the surrounding space. The sixth case compares the acoustic noise profile calculated by the program with the values presented in Chapter 6 of the TLRB. <div style="font-size:60%"> <source lang="text"> ESPLA-N FITXATEGIEN HASIERAN SARTUTAKO HIRU AZALPEN-LERROEN EREDUA. 2026-02-08 The program does not read the comments on the right. LERRO HAUEK FITXATEGIEN EDUKIA IDENTIFIKATZEKO ERABILTEN DIRA, They are only useful for showing how to enter data. PROGRAMA LAGUNTZAILEAK ERABILIZ. (DATA FOR TESTING THE LIPARE PROGRAM) 496890862 0 0 2 371935712 Default language in column 25 (1=>Basque or 2=>English) ***EREMU ***EREMU => calculate fields 800.EPRI Tansmission line ref.book 345kV & above,pag.47,52 80001320002026.03.08 5 0. 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 -10.002.00 22 0.002.00 0 5 conductors, (0. 0. not used im EREMU), 1 0 1 1 0 output (SEE PROGRAM) 1.2300 1.5000 4 .4572 0 -14.00 18.50 18.50 0.200 1.00-120.0 800.0-120.0 cm cm kop m zerden1 m m m ohm/km zerden2 / kA gr kV gr 1.2300 1.5000 4 .4572 0 .00 18.50 18.50 0.200 1.00 .0 800.0 0.0 zerden1 0=>previous value dist.between cond.1=>prev.val.bundle diameter 12300 15000 4 4572 0 14000 18500 18500 0.200 1.00 12000 800000 12000 IN THIS LINE other way to insert similar data to data en previous lines 0.6000 0.8000 1 0 -11.05 30.70 30.70 0.500 ohm/m and zerden2 are not necesary in EREMU 6000 8000 1 0 11050 30700 30700 0.500 IN THIS LINE other way to insert data that allows more accurate figures. ***PARLI 765.TWO CIRCUIT E62SB LINE, ABC ABC Super Bundle, 1-456456 62100765202014-06-27 0 2 2 1 50. 0. def.lang., 2 tasks, 2 circuits, MERGE CIRCUITS ,Frecuency 1 80003 300. 75. 0000 -7.621.27 22 0.003.81 71HA CX-XXX 13700 17590 4 4572 -7750 25240 25240 0.200 4 4000-12000 765000-12000 zirkuituak paraleloan jartzen dira 13700 17590 4 4572 -12750 20240 20240 0.200 5 4000 000 765000 000 eta zirkuitu konposatuari dagozkion 13700 17590 4 4572 -7750 15240 15240 0.200 6 4000 12000 765000 12000 aldaezin generalizatuak kalkulatzen dira 13700 17590 4 4572 7750 25240 25240 0.200 4 4000-12000 765000-12000 13700 17590 4 4572 12750 20240 20240 0.200 5 4000 000 765000 000 BAINA 13700 17590 4 4572 7750 15240 15240 0.200 6 4000 12000 765000 12000 06000 08000 1 -10000 35000 35000 0.500 06000 08000 1 10000 35000 35000 0.500 0 1 750.-120. 750. 120. 750. 0. 200. .2 3 200. .2 3 200. .2 3 Zirkuitu konposatuaren aldaezinak lortu eta gero 2 750.-120. 750. 120. 750. 0. 200. .2 3 200. .2 3 200. .2 3 ezin dira aztertu linearen egoerak These two final lines are required if the final calculation is of type "***PARLI". </source></div> == Electric and magnetic fields == === Calculations === ==== Electric field on the surface of conductors ==== The electric field on the surface of conductors is calculated as señaled on pages 7 to 15 of ECTA<ref name="ECTA-EDF"/> and 109 to 111 of TLRF<ref name="TLRB345kV"/>. Taking into acount that the ground surface can be considered an equipotential surface at zero potential, if the ground surface is represented as a plane (flat surface) at zero potential, the potential at any point above that surface created by the electric charges in <math>n</math> conductors is calculated considering these <math>n</math> charges and other <math>n</math> opposite charges situadeted simetricaly to the original ones with respect to the ground plane; as shown in the figure F1. With that disposition the potential of an uncharged condutor <math>j </math> dew to the charge of the conductor <math>i</math> would be: <math>V_{ji} = {-\frac{q_i}{2\pi\epsilon_0}}\ln{D_{ji}} - {\frac{-q_i}{2\pi\epsilon_0}}\ln{D'_{ji}} = {\frac{q_i}{2\pi\epsilon_0}}\ln\frac{D'_{ji}}{D_{ji}}</math> At the surface of the <math>i</math> conductor of radius <math>r_i</math> and placed at an height <math>h_i</math> above the gound, taking into acount that <math>2h_i >> r_i</math>, would be: <math>V_{ii} = {\frac{q_i}{2\pi\epsilon_0}}\ln\frac{2h_i}{r_i}</math> where: <math>q_i</math> = uniform linear charge density of <math>i</math> conductor. <math>h_i</math> = <math>i</math> conductor height. <math>r_i </math> = <math>i</math> conductor radius. <math>D'_{ji}</math> = direct distance from conductor <math>j</math> to image conductor <math>i</math>. <math>D_{ji}</math> = direct distance from conductor <math>j</math> to conductor <math>i</math> <math>\epsilon</math> = dielectric constant = <math>\frac {1}{36\pi}10^{-9}</math> farads/meter for air. So Considering the <math>n</math> conductors: <math>V_1 = P_{11}q_1 + .. + P_{1i}q_i + .. + P_{1n}q_n</math> .............................................................. <math>V_i= P_{i1}q_1 + .. + P_{ii}q_i + .. + P_{in}q_n</math> .............................................................. <math>V_n = P_{n1}q_1 + .. + P_{ni}q_i + .. + P_{nn}q_n</math> in matrix notation <math> \begin{Bmatrix} V_1\\ ..\\ V_i\\ ..\\ V_n\\ \end{Bmatrix} =\begin{bmatrix} P_{11} & .. & P_{1i}& .. & P_{1n} \\ .. & .. & .. & .. & .. \\ P_{i1} & .. & P_{ii}& .. & P_{in} \\ .. & .. & .. & .. & .. \\ P_{n1} & .. & P_{ni} & .. & P_{nn} \\ \end{bmatrix} \begin{Bmatrix} q_1\\ ..\\ q_i\\ ..\\ q_n\\ \end{Bmatrix} </math> and more succinctly for a system of <math>m+n</math> conductors <math> \begin{Bmatrix} V_{m+n}\\ \end{Bmatrix} =\begin{bmatrix} P_{m+n,m+n} \\ \end{bmatrix} \begin{Bmatrix} q_{m+n}\\ \end{Bmatrix} </math> Where <math>\begin{Bmatrix} V_{m+n}\\ \end{Bmatrix}</math> is the column vector of electric potentials of the <math>m+n</math> conductors, and <math> \begin{Bmatrix} q_{m+n}\\ \end{Bmatrix}</math> is the column vector of charge per unit length of these conductors. The <math>(m+n).(m+n)</math> square matrix <math>\begin{bmatrix} P_{m+n,m+n} \\ \end{bmatrix}</math> is known as the matrix of Maxwell potential coefficients of the system. Thus, if the Maxwell potential coefficients of an electric line are known, the conductor potentials can be expressed as a function of their linear charge densities. However, in practical applications, the conductor potentials are typically known, whereas the quantities required to compute the resulting electric fields are the linear charge densities. To obtain these, both sides of the previous equation are premultiplied by the inverse of the Maxwell potential coefficient matrix. This yields: ==== Electric and magnetic fields above ground ==== === Program results for that data === [[File:AC overhead power line electromagnetic fields en.gif|thumb|Electric and magnetic fields at a single point below a 750 kV AC overhead power line.]] This section shows how the program presents the calculated electric and magnetic fields, how the data provided for these fields at locations other than the conductor surface should be interpreted, and the influence of phase arrangement in double-circuit lines on the resulting fields. The adjacent figure illustrates the meaning of the data presented by the program on pages three and four for the electric and magnetic fields at a point located 12 m from the line centre and 4 m above ground level. The most relevant values are those shown in the last four columns of these pages, and they are presented in static form in the figure. The program is not designed to calculate directly the time-varying values also shown in the figure. To obtain these values without modifying the program, it is necessary to repeat the calculations 36 times, each time changing the phase angles of the input voltages and currents by 10 degrees. Theoretically, the three phases A, B, and C of an AC three-phase system can be assigned to the conductors of a single-circuit transmission line in six different ways: ABC, BCA, CAB, ACB, CBA, and BAC. In practice, however, the first three configurations are equivalent, since under steady-state conditions the voltages and currents in the conductors behave identically in each case. The same equivalence applies to the last three configurations. Output for the lines L01 and L02 of the shown input data file: <div style="font-size:60%"> <source lang="text"> 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 1 LINES DIVISION DATE 2026-02-19 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 750. KV L01 H32 CX-DIPPER for Wikibooks figure EXPEDIENT 7500132.01 *************************** INPUT DATA, LINE CHARACTERISTICS *************************** CON.NUM. FNCY RHO PC AN CE CM PL XA XG NX YA YG NY 5 0. 0.00 0 0 1 1 0 -14.00 1.00 4 4.00 2.00 0 EROA BGE ERR ZEN SOR.D ZER X Y1 Y2 INT KA FAS G TEN KV PHAS G 1 1.37 1.76 4 45.72 0 -15.00 15.00 15.00 1.00 -140.00 750.00 -120.00 2 1.37 1.76 4 45.72 0 0.00 15.00 15.00 1.00 -20.00 750.00 0.00 3 1.37 1.76 4 45.72 0 15.00 15.00 15.00 1.00 100.00 750.00 120.00 4 0.60 0.80 1 0.00 0 -10.00 24.00 24.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 0.60 0.80 1 0.00 0 10.00 24.00 24.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 2 LINES DIVISION DATE 2026-02-19 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 750. KV L01 H32 CX-DIPPER for Wikibooks figure EXPEDIENT 7500132.01 ORIGINAL CONFIGURATION ELECTRIC FIELD ON THE CONDUCTORS CONDUC. CHARGE Q/M GR.MV KV/CM GRMAX KV/CM 1 0.56294989E-05 14.40179E+00 16.75257E+00 2 0.59636313E-05 15.25659E+00 17.74690E+00 3 0.56294989E-05 14.40179E+00 16.75257E+00 4 0.47318039E-06 10.64656E+00 10.64656E+00 5 0.47318034E-06 10.64656E+00 10.64656E+00 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 3 LINES DIVISION DATE 2026-02-19 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 750. KV L01 H32 CX-DIPPER for Wikibooks figure EXPEDIENT 7500132.01 ORIGINAL CONFIGURATION ELECTRIC FIELD 4.00 M ABOVE GROUND DIST. HORIZONTAL FIELD VERTICAL FIELD MAXIMUM FIELD MINIMUM FIELD PRESENT FIELD FIELD 90 G LATER MOD.KV/M ARG.G MOD.KV/M ARG.G MAG.KV/M DIR.G MAG.KV/M DIR.G MAG.KV/M DIR.G MAG.KV/M DIR.G -14.00 2.207E+00 -154.86 9.612E+00 75.18 1.375E+01 -81.35 2.366E+00 8.65 4.481E+00 129.10 1.321E+01 -84.24 -13.00 2.774E+00 -149.91 9.147E+00 78.23 1.321E+01 -77.99 2.861E+00 12.01 4.299E+00 142.13 1.282E+01 -81.17 -12.00 3.289E+00 -146.97 8.564E+00 82.26 1.252E+01 -74.77 3.408E+00 15.23 4.227E+00 157.31 1.227E+01 -78.07 -11.00 3.722E+00 -145.11 7.918E+00 87.56 1.171E+01 -71.90 4.003E+00 18.10 4.344E+00 173.70 1.159E+01 -74.94 -10.00 4.055E+00 -143.83 7.278E+00 94.41 1.083E+01 -69.81 4.632E+00 20.19 4.696E+00 -170.30 1.081E+01 -71.75 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 4 LINES DIVISION DATE 2026-02-19 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 750. KV L01 H32 CX-DIPPER for Wikibooks figure EXPEDIENT 7500132.01 ORIGINAL CONFIGURATION MAGNETIC INDUCTION 4.00 M ABOVE GROUND DIST. INDUC.HORIZONTAL INDUC.VERTICAL MAXIM.INDUC. MINIM.INDUC. PRESENT INDUC. INDUC. 90 G LAT. MOD.TESLA ARG.G MOD.TESLA ARG.G MAG.TESLA DIR.G MAG.TESLA DIR.G MAG.TESLA DIR.G MAG.TESLA DIR.G -14.00 1.401E-05 56.72 9.384E-06 24.98 2.308E-05 32.08 5.992E-06 -57.92 1.622E-05 47.89 1.749E-05 -161.31 -13.00 1.336E-05 59.52 1.104E-05 27.39 2.359E-05 38.60 6.650E-06 -51.40 1.685E-05 55.34 1.780E-05 -156.21 -12.00 1.250E-05 63.32 1.253E-05 29.22 2.393E-05 45.10 7.341E-06 -44.90 1.739E-05 62.84 1.801E-05 -151.29 -11.00 1.152E-05 68.42 1.382E-05 30.73 2.413E-05 51.51 8.067E-06 -38.49 1.784E-05 70.37 1.815E-05 -146.61 -10.00 1.054E-05 75.15 1.486E-05 32.12 2.420E-05 57.80 8.830E-06 -32.20 1.820E-05 77.89 1.823E-05 -142.20 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 5 LINES DIVISION DATE 2026-02-19 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 750. KV L02 H32 CX-DIPPER for Wfigure, two phases interchanged EXPEDIENT 7500132.02 *************************** INPUT DATA, LINE CHARACTERISTICS *************************** CON.NUM. FNCY RHO PC AN CE CM PL XA XG NX YA YG NY 5 0. 0.00 0 0 1 1 0 -14.00 1.00 4 4.00 2.00 0 EROA BGE ERR ZEN SOR.D ZER X Y1 Y2 INT KA FAS G TEN KV PHAS G 1 1.37 1.76 4 45.72 0 -15.00 15.00 15.00 1.00 100.00 750.00 120.00 2 1.37 1.76 4 45.72 0 0.00 15.00 15.00 1.00 -20.00 750.00 0.00 3 1.37 1.76 4 45.72 0 15.00 15.00 15.00 1.00 -140.00 750.00 -120.00 4 0.60 0.80 1 0.00 0 -10.00 24.00 24.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 0.60 0.80 1 0.00 0 10.00 24.00 24.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 6 LINES DIVISION DATE 2026-02-19 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 750. KV L02 H32 CX-DIPPER for Wfigure, two phases interchanged EXPEDIENT 7500132.02 ORIGINAL CONFIGURATION ELECTRIC FIELD ON THE CONDUCTORS CONDUC. CHARGE Q/M GR.MV KV/CM GRMAX KV/CM 1 0.56294989E-05 14.40179E+00 16.75257E+00 2 0.59636313E-05 15.25659E+00 17.74690E+00 3 0.56294989E-05 14.40179E+00 16.75257E+00 4 0.47318039E-06 10.64656E+00 10.64656E+00 5 0.47318034E-06 10.64656E+00 10.64656E+00 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 7 LINES DIVISION DATE 2026-02-19 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 750. KV L02 H32 CX-DIPPER for Wfigure, two phases interchanged EXPEDIENT 7500132.02 ORIGINAL CONFIGURATION ELECTRIC FIELD 4.00 M ABOVE GROUND DIST. HORIZONTAL FIELD VERTICAL FIELD MAXIMUM FIELD MINIMUM FIELD PRESENT FIELD FIELD 90 G LATER MOD.KV/M ARG.G MOD.KV/M ARG.G MAG.KV/M DIR.G MAG.KV/M DIR.G MAG.KV/M DIR.G MAG.KV/M DIR.G -14.00 2.207E+00 154.86 9.612E+00 -75.18 1.375E+01 -81.35 2.366E+00 8.65 4.481E+00 129.10 1.321E+01 95.76 -13.00 2.774E+00 149.91 9.147E+00 -78.23 1.321E+01 -77.99 2.861E+00 12.01 4.299E+00 142.13 1.282E+01 98.83 -12.00 3.289E+00 146.97 8.564E+00 -82.26 1.252E+01 -74.77 3.408E+00 15.23 4.227E+00 157.31 1.227E+01 101.93 -11.00 3.722E+00 145.11 7.918E+00 -87.56 1.171E+01 -71.90 4.003E+00 18.10 4.344E+00 173.70 1.159E+01 105.06 -10.00 4.055E+00 143.83 7.278E+00 -94.41 1.083E+01 -69.81 4.632E+00 20.19 4.696E+00 -170.30 1.081E+01 108.25 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 8 LINES DIVISION DATE 2026-02-19 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 750. KV L02 H32 CX-DIPPER for Wfigure, two phases interchanged EXPEDIENT 7500132.02 ORIGINAL CONFIGURATION MAGNETIC INDUCTION 4.00 M ABOVE GROUND DIST. INDUC.HORIZONTAL INDUC.VERTICAL MAXIM.INDUC. MINIM.INDUC. PRESENT INDUC. INDUC. 90 G LAT. MOD.TESLA ARG.G MOD.TESLA ARG.G MAG.TESLA DIR.G MAG.TESLA DIR.G MAG.TESLA DIR.G MAG.TESLA DIR.G -14.00 1.401E-05 -96.72 9.384E-06 -64.98 2.308E-05 32.08 5.992E-06 -57.92 6.072E-06 112.43 2.306E-05 31.43 -13.00 1.336E-05 -99.52 1.104E-05 -67.39 2.359E-05 38.60 6.650E-06 -51.40 6.766E-06 117.52 2.355E-05 37.71 -12.00 1.250E-05 -103.32 1.253E-05 -69.22 2.393E-05 45.10 7.341E-06 -44.90 7.494E-06 122.92 2.389E-05 43.93 -11.00 1.152E-05 -108.42 1.382E-05 -70.73 2.413E-05 51.51 8.067E-06 -38.49 8.253E-06 128.59 2.407E-05 50.04 -10.00 1.054E-05 -115.15 1.486E-05 -72.12 2.420E-05 57.80 8.830E-06 -32.20 9.041E-06 134.47 2.412E-05 56.00 </source></div> An analysis of the results shown on pages 1 to 8 of the program output for lines L01 and L02 indicates that the electric and magnetic fields generated by these two phase configurations are identical. The only difference is that the direction of rotation of the fields outside the conductors is reversed. _ The voltage gradients (electric fields) at the conductor surfaces do not rotate and are identical in both cases. _ The maximum and minimum values of the electric and magnetic fields at all points outside the conductors are also identical in both cases. _ At all locations where the minimum field value is nonzero, the direction of field rotation is opposite in the two configurations. To interpret these results, it is necessary to consider that the absolute difference in angular position of the fields over a 5 ms interval must be less than 180°. Accordingly, defining FAP1 and FAP2 as the angular positions of the fields at instants 1 and 2, respectively, the rotation over 5 ms is given by: • FAP2 − FAP1, if |FAP2 − FAP1| < 180° • FAP2 − FAP1 + 360°, if |FAP2 − FAP1| ≥ 180° and FAP2 − FAP1 < 0 • FAP2 − FAP1 − 360°, if |FAP2 − FAP1| ≥ 180° and FAP2 − FAP1 > 0 Note: In the analyzed cases, the angular velocities of the rotating fields may appear to differ. However, this is due to the fact that the angular velocity is not constant: it is higher when the field magnitude is lower and lower when the field magnitude is higher. Additionally, the initial field values (corresponding to the instantaneous voltage and current conditions specified in the input data) are different in each case. === Audible noise profiles === === Power line parameters === === Resonance evaluations === === Operating conditions === On pages 51, 52, 58, and 61 of transmission lines L10, L11, and L12 are illustrated the effects of using shunt reactors connected to an end of a long transmission line or a weak system to prevent overvoltages under light-load conditions, and series capacitors to compensate for the inductive reactance of loaded transmission lines, as described in the [[w:en:Voltage control and reactive power management|Voltage control and reactive power management]] Wikipedia article. The output of the program for those lines and two operating conditions (moderate inductive load and no load) is the following: <div style="font-size:60%"> <source lang="text"> 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 44 LINES DIVISION DATE 2013-10-24 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L09 SINGLE CIRCUIT H32 1x1 sections EXPEDIENT 75013211.00 0 SECTION 1 TRANSMISSION LINE BUILT WITH 71HA STRUCTURES AND CX-XXX CONDUCTORS 0 INPUT DATA 0 LINE LONG. 1*300.00= 300.00 KM GROUND RESISTIVITY 75.00 OHM.M FREQUENCY 50.00 HZ 0 *************************** CONDUCTORS� FEATURES *************************** .. GMR(CM) RAD(CM) IN D(M) ID DX(M) DY(M) R(OHM:KM) 1 1.37000 1.75900 4 0.46 0 -15.24 15.24 0.2000000 2 1.37000 1.75900 4 0.46 0 0.00 15.24 0.2000000 3 1.37000 1.75900 4 0.46 0 15.24 15.24 0.2000000 4 0.60000 0.80000 1 0.00 0 -10.00 24.00 0.5000000 5 0.60000 0.80000 1 0.00 0 10.00 24.00 0.5000000 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 45 LINES DIVISION DATE 2013-10-24 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L09 SINGLE CIRCUIT H32 1x1 sections EXPEDIENT 75013211.00 0 *************** SENDING END ************** ***************** RECEIVING END **************** *** *** EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE VOLTAGE *** CIR PHA VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER DROP E I *** *** (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) *** 1 1 746.450 0.585 188.145 -167.872 750.000 0.471 200.000 40.000 42.393 0 0 1 2 741.212 0.637 204.246 -180.220 750.000 0.471 200.000 40.000 39.758 0 0 1 3 733.405 0.640 219.038 -159.847 750.000 0.471 200.000 40.000 45.890 0 0 0 1 611.429 -507.939 600.000 120.000 0 0 611.429 -507.939 600.000 120.000 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 46 LINES DIVISION DATE 2014-06-27 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L10 SINGLE CIRCUIT H32 1x6 sections EXPEDIENT 75013216.00 0 SECTION 1 TRANSMISSION LINE BUILT WITH 71HA STRUCTURES AND CX-XXX CONDUCTORS 0 INPUT DATA 0 LINE LONG. 6* 50.00= 300.00 KM GROUND RESISTIVITY 75.00 OHM.M FREQUENCY 50.00 HZ 0 *************************** CONDUCTORS� FEATURES *************************** .. GMR(CM) RAD(CM) IN D(M) ID DX(M) DY(M) R(OHM:KM) 1 1.37000 1.75900 4 0.46 0 -15.24 15.24 0.2000000 2 1.37000 1.75900 4 0.46 0 0.00 15.24 0.2000000 3 1.37000 1.75900 4 0.46 0 15.24 15.24 0.2000000 4 0.60000 0.80000 1 0.00 0 -10.00 24.00 0.5000000 5 0.60000 0.80000 1 0.00 0 10.00 24.00 0.5000000 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 47 LINES DIVISION DATE 2014-06-27 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L10 SINGLE CIRCUIT H32 1x6 sections EXPEDIENT 75013216.00 0 *************** SENDING END ************** ***************** RECEIVING END **************** *** *** EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE VOLTAGE *** CIR PHA VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER DROP E I *** *** (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) *** 1 1 745.885 0.589 188.280 -169.966 750.000 0.471 200.000 40.000 41.764 0 0 1 2 740.790 0.640 204.507 -182.246 750.000 0.471 200.000 40.000 39.212 0 0 1 3 733.096 0.644 219.417 -161.946 750.000 0.471 200.000 40.000 45.204 0 0 0 1 612.204 -514.158 600.000 120.000 0 0 612.204 -514.158 600.000 120.000 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 48 LINES DIVISION DATE 2014-06-27 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L10 SINGLE CIRCUIT H32 1x6 sections EXPEDIENT 75013216.00 0 *************** SENDING END ************** ***************** RECEIVING END **************** *** *** EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE VOLTAGE *** CIR PHA VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER DROP E I *** *** (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) *** 1 1 750.000 0.549 -16.272 -236.953 792.853 0.000 0.000 0.000 25.210 1 0 1 2 750.000 0.579 1.646 -250.835 788.678 0.000 0.000 0.000 22.729 2 0 1 3 750.000 0.548 19.506 -236.479 791.493 0.000 0.000 0.000 24.332 3 0 0 1 4.880 -724.267 0.000 0.000 0 0 4.880 -724.267 0.000 0.000 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 49 LINES DIVISION DATE 2014-06-27 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L11 1C H32 1x6 sections + receiving end shunt reactor EXPEDIENT 75013216.00 0 SECTI 1 SHUNT ADMITANCES (MHO) 1 2 3 1 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 -0.4000000E-03 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 2 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 -0.4000000E-03 0.0000000E+00 3 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 -0.4000000E-03 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 50 LINES DIVISION DATE 2014-06-27 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L11 1C H32 1x6 sections + receiving end shunt reactor EXPEDIENT 75013216.00 0 SECTION 2 TRANSMISSION LINE BUILT WITH 71HA STRUCTURES AND CX-XXX CONDUCTORS 0 INPUT DATA 0 LINE LONG. 6* 50.00= 300.00 KM GROUND RESISTIVITY 75.00 OHM.M FREQUENCY 50.00 HZ 0 *************************** CONDUCTORS� FEATURES *************************** .. GMR(CM) RAD(CM) IN D(M) ID DX(M) DY(M) R(OHM:KM) 1 1.37000 1.75900 4 0.46 0 -15.24 15.24 0.2000000 2 1.37000 1.75900 4 0.46 0 0.00 15.24 0.2000000 3 1.37000 1.75900 4 0.46 0 15.24 15.24 0.2000000 4 0.60000 0.80000 1 0.00 0 -10.00 24.00 0.5000000 5 0.60000 0.80000 1 0.00 0 10.00 24.00 0.5000000 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 51 LINES DIVISION DATE 2014-06-27 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L11 1C H32 1x6 sections + receiving end shunt reactor EXPEDIENT 75013216.00 0 *************** SENDING END ************** ***************** RECEIVING END **************** *** *** EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE VOLTAGE *** CIR PHA VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER DROP E I *** *** (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) *** 1 1 770.663 0.482 187.027 -105.234 750.000 0.471 200.000 40.000 38.759 0 0 1 2 763.706 0.534 204.028 -117.360 750.000 0.471 200.000 40.000 36.518 0 0 1 3 758.906 0.549 219.753 -97.347 750.000 0.471 200.000 40.000 42.684 0 0 0 1 610.808 -319.941 600.000 120.000 0 0 610.808 -319.941 600.000 120.000 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 52 LINES DIVISION DATE 2014-06-27 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L11 1C H32 1x6 sections + receiving end shunt reactor EXPEDIENT 75013216.00 0 *************** SENDING END ************** ***************** RECEIVING END **************** *** *** EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE VOLTAGE *** CIR PHA VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER DROP E I *** *** (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) *** 1 1 750.000 0.363 -17.257 -156.154 765.313 0.000 0.000 0.000 8.846 1 0 1 2 750.000 0.394 0.569 -170.438 763.694 0.000 0.000 0.000 8.023 2 0 1 3 750.000 0.363 18.297 -155.914 763.484 0.000 0.000 0.000 8.337 3 0 0 1 1.608 -482.506 0.000 0.000 0 0 1.608 -482.506 0.000 0.000 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 53 LINES DIVISION DATE 2014-06-27 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L12 1C H32 1x6 sections + receiving end series capacit EXPEDIENT 75013216.00 0 SECTI 1 SERIES IMPEDANCES (OHM) 1 2 3 1 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 -0.4000000E+03 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 2 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 -0.4000000E+03 0.0000000E+00 3 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 0.0000000E+00 -0.4000000E+03 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 54 LINES DIVISION DATE 2014-06-27 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L12 1C H32 1x6 sections + receiving end series capacit EXPEDIENT 75013216.00 0 SECTION 2 TRANSMISSION LINE BUILT WITH 71HA STRUCTURES AND CX-XXX CONDUCTORS 0 INPUT DATA 0 LINE LONG. 6* 50.00= 300.00 KM GROUND RESISTIVITY 75.00 OHM.M FREQUENCY 50.00 HZ 0 *************************** CONDUCTORS� FEATURES *************************** .. GMR(CM) RAD(CM) IN D(M) ID DX(M) DY(M) R(OHM:KM) 1 1.37000 1.75900 4 0.46 0 -15.24 15.24 0.2000000 2 1.37000 1.75900 4 0.46 0 0.00 15.24 0.2000000 3 1.37000 1.75900 4 0.46 0 15.24 15.24 0.2000000 4 0.60000 0.80000 1 0.00 0 -10.00 24.00 0.5000000 5 0.60000 0.80000 1 0.00 0 10.00 24.00 0.5000000 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 55 LINES DIVISION DATE 2014-06-27 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L12 1C H32 1x6 sections + receiving end series capacit EXPEDIENT 75013216.00 0 *************** SENDING END ************** ***************** RECEIVING END **************** *** *** EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE VOLTAGE *** CIR PHA VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER DROP E I *** *** (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) *** 1 1 723.186 0.744 191.235 -244.626 750.000 0.471 200.000 40.000 138.759 0 0 1 2 720.314 0.794 206.213 -257.834 750.000 0.471 200.000 40.000 143.290 0 0 1 3 709.199 0.788 219.800 -236.299 750.000 0.471 200.000 40.000 139.391 0 0 0 1 617.249 -738.760 600.000 120.000 0 0 617.249 -738.760 600.000 120.000 1 ENPRESELEK,E.A. PAGE 56 LINES DIVISION DATE 2014-06-27 TRANSMISSION LINE OF 765. KV L12 1C H32 1x6 sections + receiving end series capacit EXPEDIENT 75013216.00 0 *************** SENDING END ************** ***************** RECEIVING END **************** *** *** EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE VOLTAGE *** CIR PHA VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER DROP E I *** *** (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) (KA) (MW) (MVAR) (KV) *** 1 1 750.000 0.549 -16.272 -236.953 792.853 0.000 0.000 0.000 25.210 1 0 1 2 750.000 0.579 1.646 -250.835 788.678 0.000 0.000 0.000 22.729 2 0 1 3 750.000 0.548 19.506 -236.479 791.493 0.000 0.000 0.000 24.332 3 0 0 1 4.880 -724.267 0.000 0.000 0 0 4.880 -724.267 0.000 0.000 </source></div> == Source file == <source lang="fortran"> C Lineen parametro elektromagnetikoak eta egoerak kalkulatzeko eta C ferroerresonantzia azterketak egiteko PARLI programa eta C aireko linea elektrikoek sortzen dituzten eremu elektromagnetikoak C kalkulatzeko EREMU programa batuta. C Programak Jon Peli Oleaga Olabarriak garatu zituen C 1970eko hamarkadaren amaieran. C 1980ko hamarkadaren amaieran batu ziren eta, geroago, konpilatzaile C berriagorekin erabili ahal izateko beharrezko aldaketak egin zaizkie. C Sarrerako datuak oraindino 80 zutabetan sartzen dira, C behinolako fitxetan legez. C Bigarren hizkuntza modu naif eta ez sistematikoan sartu da. C Letra xehez idatzitako lerroak programaren dokumentazioa C apur bat hobetzeko sartu dira geroago. C Programa Creative Commons-en C Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 lizentziapean partekatzen da C http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ C C The original PARLI program to calculate electromagnetic parameters C and operating conditions of AC overhead transmission lines C (it can also be used to conduct ferroresonance studies) C and the EREMU program to calculate electromagnetic fields C created by AC overhead transmission lines C were created by Jon Peli Oleaga Olabarria C at the end of the 1970s. C They were merged in the last 1980s, and later C they have been changed just to compile them with newer compilers C and to add a second language; changing only the strictly necessary. C Input data still are inserted in 80 columns as with the old cards. C The incorporation of a second language has been done C in a rather naif and unsystematic way. C The lines in lowercase were added later C to slightly improve the program documentation. C The work is licensed under the Creative Commons C Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. C http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ C PROGRAM LIPARE CHARACTER FITX*14,FILE*40,CHK*4 COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU DOUBLE PRECISION EXPE COMMON /IZENBN/ IZK,EXPE,NOZ,N,KT,TL,MOZ,NFL IZK0=1 IRT=5 IRF=4 IDT=6 IDF=7 IDU=9 FITX='LIPARE.DAT' CHK=' ' NOZ=0 MOZ=0 NFL=0 CALL HIZKUN OPEN(UNIT=IDF,FILE='LIPARE.RES',STATUS='UNKNOWN') OPEN(UNIT=IDU,FILE='LIPARE.RPU',STATUS='UNKNOWN') 1 IF(CHK.NE.' ')GOTO 12 PRINT *,'SAR ERABILIKO DEN DATU-FITXATEGIAREN IZENA:' PRINT *,'<RETURN> SAKATUZ GERO, FITXATEGIA = '//FITX PRINT *,'( AMAITZEKO SAKA *<RETURN> BAKARRIK )' PRINT *,' ' PRINT *,'Enter the name of the input data file:' PRINT *,'<RETURN> implies default file name, = '//FITX PRINT *,'( To exit the program enter *<RETURN> )' READ(IRT,'(A)')FILE IF(FILE.EQ.'*')GOTO 9999 IF(FILE.EQ.' ')FILE=FITX C-VAX OPEN(UNIT=IRF,STATUS='OLD',FILE=FILE,READONLY) C-PC OPEN(UNIT=IRF,STATUS='OLD',FILE=FILE,MODE='READ') C-PC-F95-C20041023 OPEN(UNIT=IRF,STATUS='OLD',FILE=FILE,ACTION='READ') READ(IRF,'(//)') C --- ZAINDU SUBRUTINEA, PROGRAMEA ERABILTEKO BAIMENA AZTERTUTEKO C CALL ZAINDU(2,IRF) !"1993-02-03 eta 2003-10-06"ko "parli4.for"ean CALL ZAINDU(0,IRF,IZK0) IF(IZK0.LT.1 .OR. IZK0.GT.2) IZK0=1 ! 20140626 oraingoz hizkuntza bi bakarrik READ(IRF,'(A)')CHK BACKSPACE IRF 12 IZK=IZK0 IF (CHK.EQ.'***E'.OR.CHK.EQ.'***e')THEN CHK=' ' CALL EREPRO(CHK) ELSEIF(CHK.EQ.'***P'.OR.CHK.EQ.'***p')THEN CHK=' ' CALL LINPAR(CHK,IZK0) !2026-03-31 gehitu IZK0 ELSE PRINT'(A)',' ', +' Lehengo PARLI eta EREMU programak LIPARE barri honetan'// +' batu ziranetik,',' datu fitxategietan euretatik'// +' zein erabili gura dan esan behar da,', +' datu fitxategiaren bostgarren lerroaren lehenengo tokietan', +' ***EREMU ala ***PARLI iminiz.',' ', +' Aldatu egizuz lehengo fitxategiak.',' ' GOTO 9999 ENDIF GOTO 1 9999 END CJFO PROGRAM LINPAR C Aireko linea elektrikoen parametro esanguratsuenak C eta haien funtzionatzeko moduak kalkulatzeko programa SUBROUTINE LINPAR(CHK,IZK0) !2026-03-31 gehitu IZK0 PARAMETER (ND1=10,ND2=12) C-20131026AN ND1 8TIK 10ERA ALDATUTA ZIRKUITU 2 4 LUR KABLEREKIN ONARTZEKO COMPLEX AD(ND2,ND2),BC(ND2,ND2),RI(ND2,ND2),RF(ND2,ND2) &,Z(ND1,ND1),Y(ND1,ND1),W(ND1,ND1) COMPLEX ER(ND2),ES(ND2),PR,PS,PRT,PST,PTR,PTS,ERO REAL DX(ND1),DY(ND1),R(ND1),G(ND1),RMG(ND1),RAD(ND1),D(ND1) INTEGER IN(ND1),ID(ND1),KR(ND1),LOC(ND2) CHARACTER EGUNA*10,IZENA*56,TT1*27,TT2*27,SII*44,SAK*44,SI*29 &,SA*29,KG*24,OS*18,ZAT*5,EUSK*5,EROA*15,AZALP*5,CHK*4 DOUBLE PRECISION EXPE COMMON /IZENBN/ IZK,EXPE,NOZ,N,KT,TL,MOZ,NFL COMMON /IZENBC/ EGUNA,IZENA,EUSK,EROA COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU PBAS=100. 2 CALL HIRUAT(IRF,CHK,*9999,*6,*9998) 6 READ(IRF,5011,END=9998)TL,IZENA,EXPE,EGUNA 5011 FORMAT(F4.0,A56,F10.2,A10) READ(IRF,5012)IZK2,NT,NC,KP,FNY IZK=IZK0 !2026-03-31 IF (IZK2.NE.0) IZK=IZK2 IF (IZK.LT.1 .OR. IZK.GT.2) IZK=1 C-20131027 5012 FORMAT(4I5,F10.5) 5012 FORMAT(4I2,F7.3) print *,'LINPAR ',izena C IZK = ERABILIKO DEN HIZKUNTZA C NT = LINEAN AZTERTUKO DIREN ZATI GEHI EGOEREN KOPURUA C NC = LINEAREN ZIRKUITU KOPURUA C KP = 1=> EROALE BATZUK BESTE BATZUEKIN PARALELOAN JARTZEN DIRELA C EROALE BAKOTZAREN 54. ZUTABEAN JARRI ZEIN BESTE EROALEREKIN. C ( PARALELOAN JARRI ETA GERO EZIN DIRA AZTERTU EGOERAK, C BAKARRIk ATARA AHAL DIRA ALDAEZIN OROKORRAK ) C FNY = LINEAREN FREKUENTZIA IF(IZK-1)11,10,11 10 ZAT='ZATI ' OS='OSAGAI SIMETRIKOAK' KG=' ALDAEZIN OROKORRAK ' TT1=' (EGIAZKO KONFIGURAZIOA) ' TT2=' (KONFIGURAZIO BALIOKIDEA) ' SI=' SERIE INPEDANTZEAK (OHM) ' SA=' SHUNT ADMITANTZEAK (MHO) ' SII=' SERIE INPEDANTZE INDUKTIBOAK (OHM:KM) ' SAK=' SHUNT ADMITANTZE KAPAZITIBOAK (MHO:KM) ' GO TO 12 11 ZAT='SECTION' !7 OS=' SIMETRICAL COMP. ' !18 KG='A,B,C,D TRANSFER MATRIX' !24 EPRI's TLRB345(1975)pag.116 TT1=' ( ACTUAL CONFIGURATION )' !27 TT2='(EQUIVALENT CONFIGURATION)' !27 SI=' SERIES IMPEDANCES (OHM) ' !29 SA=' SHUNT ADMITANCES (MHO) ' !29 SII=' SERIES INDUCTIVE IMPEDANCES (OHM:KM) ' !40 SAK=' SHUNT CAPACITIVE ADMITANCES (MHO:KM) ' !40 12 CONTINUE N3=NC*3 N2=N3*2 DO 20 I=1,N2 DO 20 J=1,N2 RF(I,J)=(0.,0.) IF(I.EQ.J)RF(I,I)=(1.,0.) 20 CONTINUE XLUZ=0. DO 1000 N=1,NT C-20131027 READ(IRF,5021)KT,K1,K2,K3,NCO,NST,ELT,RHO,EUSK,EROA READ(IRF,5021)KT,NCO,K1,K2,K3,NST,ELT,RHO,EUSK,EROA C-20131027 5021 FORMAT(6I5,2F10.5,A5,A15) 5021 FORMAT(I1,I3,4I1,F7.3,F5.2,33X,A5,A15) C KT =0 => TENTSIO ETA INTENTSITATEEN AZTERKETA, C =1 => LINEAREN SERIE INPEDANTZE ETA SHUNT ADMITANTZEEN KALKULUA C =2 => KONEKTATUTAKO SERIE INPEDANTZEEN DATUAK C =3 => KONEKTATUTAKO SHUNT ADMITANTZEEN DATUAK C =4 => LINEAREN ERRESONANTZIA FERROMAGNETIKOA AZTERTUKO DA C K1 <1 => EZ DIRA ATARATZEN SERIE INPEDANTZEAK ETA SHUNT ADMITANTZEAK C =1 => KONFIGURAZIO BALIOKIDEAREN SI ETA SA-AK IDAZTEN DIRA C >1 => KONFIGURAZIO ORIGINAL ETA BALIOKIDEAREN SI ETA SA-AK IDAZTEN DIRA C (KT=4)2=> ERREAKTAN.ALBO BATEAN, 2=>ER.BESTE ALBOAN, 3=>ER.ALBO BIETAN C K2 <1 => EZ DIRA ATARATZEN ALDAEZIN OROKORTUAK C >0 => ALDAEZIN OROKORTUAK ATARATZEN DIRA (ZATIARENAK) C (KT=4)0=>, 1=> C K3 <1 => EZ DIRA ATARATZEN ALDAEZIN OROKORTUAK C =1 => FASEEN ALDAEZIN OROKORTUAK ATARATZEN DIRA (ZATI GUZTIENAK) C >1 => FASEEN ETA KONPOSATU SIMETRIKOEN ALDAEZIN OROKORTUAK ATARATZEN DIRA C (KT=4)0=>IRTEERA GRAFIKO LOGARITMIKOAN, 1=>IRTEERA GRAFIKO LINEALEAN C NCO = EROALEEN KOPURUA, EDO KT=4 BADA PUNTU KOPURUA GRAFIKOAN C NST = AZPITARTEEN KOPURUA (KALKULUAK ZEHAZTASUN HANDIAGOZ EGITEKO) C ELT = TARTEAREN LUZERA KM-TAN C RHO = LINEA TARTE HONETAKO LURRAREN ERRESISTIBITATEA OHM-M-TAN C EUSK = ERABILITAKO EUSKARRIEN IZENA (IRTEERAN IDAZTEKO BAKARRIK) C EROA = ERABILITAKO EROALEEN IZENA (IRTEERAN IDAZTEKO BAKARRIK) IF(KT.LE.0)GO TO 300 IF(KT.GE.2)GO TO 200 C C --- LINE BATEN SERIE INPEDANTZE ETA SHUNT ADMITANTZEEN KALKULUA IF(K1.LT.0)K1=0 !C-20131026 IF(K2.LT.0)K2=0 !C-20131026 IF(K3.LT.0)K3=0 !C-20131026 XLUZ=XLUZ+ELT ELT=ELT/NST DO 100 I=1,NCO READ(IRF,5100)RMG(I),RAD(I),IN(I),D(I),ID(I),DX(I),DY(I) +,R(I),KR(I) 5100 FORMAT(2F7.4,I2,F7.4,I2,2F7.3,7X,F7.5,I2) C RMG = EROALEAREN "BATEZBESTEKO ERRADIO GEOMETRIKOA" CM-TAN C RAD = EROALEAREN ERRADIOA CM-TAN C IN = EROALE SORTAREN AZPIEROALE KOPURUA C D = AZPIEROALEEN ARTEKO DISTANTZIA EDO EROALE SORTAREN DIAMETROA M-TAN C ID =0=> AURREKO DATUA AZPIEROALEN ARTEKO DISTANTZIA DA C =1=> AURREKO DATUA EROALE SORTAREN DIAMETROA DA C DX = EROALEAREN X KOORDENATUA M-TAN C DY = EROALEAREN y KOORDENATUA M-TAN C R = EROALEEN ERRESISTENTZIA OHM/KM-TAN C KR = IF(R(I).GT.0.)GO TO 100 J=I-1 RMG(I)=RMG(J) RAD(I)=RAD(J) IN(I)=IN(J) ID(I)=ID(J) D(I)=D(J) R(I)=R(J) 100 CONTINUE C C --- SARRERAKO DATUAK ATARATZEN DIRA CALL IZENBU IF(N.EQ.1)LOZ=NOZ IF(IZK-1)102,101,102 101 WRITE(IDF,6101)NST,ELT,NST*ELT,RHO,FNY 6101 FORMAT(1H0,23X,'SARRERAKO DATUAK'/1H0,23X,'LINE-LUZERA',I3,'*', 1F6.2,'=',F7.2,' KM'/1H ,23X,'LUR-ERRESISTIBITATEA',F9.2,' OHM.M'/ 21H ,23X,'MAIZTASUNA', 8X,F11.2,' HZ'/ 1H0,23X,28('*'), 3' EROALEEN EZAUGARRIAK ' ,29('*') ) GO TO 103 102 WRITE(IDF,6102)NST,ELT,NST*ELT,RHO,FNY 6102 FORMAT(1H0,23X,'INPUT DATA'/1H0,23X,'LINE LONG. ',I3,'*', 1F6.2,'=',F7.2,' KM'/1H ,23X,'GROUND RESISTIVITY',F11.2,' OHM.M'/ 21H ,23X,'FREQUENCY ', 8X,F11.2,' HZ'/ 1H0,23X,27('*'), 3' CONDUCTORS´ FEATURES ',27('*') ) 103 WRITE(IDF,6103)(I,RMG(I),RAD(I),IN(I),D(I),ID(I),DX(I),DY(I),R(I), 1I=1,NCO) 6103 FORMAT(1H ,26X,'.. GMR(CM) RAD(CM) IN D(M) ID DX(M 1) DY(M) R(OHM:KM)'//(1H ,26X,I2,2F10.5,I7,F7.2,I4,3X,2F8.2, 24X,F11.7)) CALL ZY(ND1,NCO,FNY,RHO,Z,Y,DX,DY,RAD,RMG,IN,D,ID,R,G,KR,W,KP) IF(K1.LE.1)GO TO 112 C C --- BENETAKO EROALE GUZTIEI JAGOKEZAN BALIOAK ATARATZEN DIRA URTEERAN CALL IZENBU WRITE(IDF,6111)SII,TT1 6111 FORMAT(1H0,39X,A40,/,46X,A27 ) CALL ATARAC(Z,NCO,ND1) IF(NCO.GT.6)CALL IZENBU WRITE(IDF,6111)SAK,TT1 CALL ATARAC(Y,NCO,ND1) C C --- BENETAKO EROALEEN BALIOKIDEEI JAGOKEZAN BALIOAK ATARATZEN DIRA 112 CALL LABURT(Z,NCO,N3,ND1,KR,KP,ID) N2=N3*2 IF(K1.LT.1)GO TO 113 CALL IZENBU WRITE(IDF,6111)SII,TT2 CALL ATARAC(Z,N3,ND1) IF(N3.GT.6)CALL IZENBU WRITE(IDF,6111)SAK,TT2 CALL ATARAC(W,N3,ND1) C C --- LINEKO ZATI AU BENETAKO LINE BAT DA 113 CONTINUE DO 115 I=1,N3 DO 115 J=1,N3 Z(I,J)=ELT*Z(I,J) 115 Y(I,J)=ELT*W(I,J) GO TO 211 ! Linearen zati honen azpizatien inp. eta adm. C C --- LINEKO ZATI AU SERIE INPEDANTZE ALA SHUNT ADMITANTZE BAT DA 200 DO 201 I=1,N3 DO 201 J=1,N3 201 Z(I,J)=CMPLX(0.,0.) IF(KT.LT.4)GO TO 205 C C --- ERRESONANTZE KASU BAT AZTERTZEN DA ELT=ELT*FNY*6.2831853 RHO=RHO*FNY*6.2831853 CALL RES(ND2,NC,K1,K2,K3,ELT,RHO,NCO,RF,RI,BC,AD,ES,ER,LOC) GO TO 1000 C C ****************************************************************** C ASTERISKOZ OSATUTAKO LERROEN ARTEAN PROGRAMA EZ DAGO PRESTATUTA C SARTZEKO FASE ARTEKO SERIE ELKAR INPEDANTZEAK EDO ADMITANTZEAK. C HORRETARAKO PROGRAMAREN ZATI HAU ALDATU BEHAR DA 205 READ(IRF,5205)(Z(I,I),I=1,N3) 5205 FORMAT(12F6.3)! 2026-03-28 lehen 12F6.3 (datuak S eta ohm-etan) IF(KT.EQ.3)THEN DO 206 I=1,N3 ! inpedanziak eta admitantziak sartu ordez 206 Z(I,I)= 1/Z(I,I) ! beti erreaktoreen inpedantziak sartzeko ENDIF ! Ohiko erreaktoreakaz datu zehatzagoak sartzeko C ****************************************************************** IF(K1.LE.0)GO TO 211 CALL IZENBU IF(N.EQ.1)LOZ=NOZ IF(KT.EQ.2)WRITE(IDF,6210)ZAT,N,SI IF(KT.EQ.3)WRITE(IDF,6210)ZAT,N,SA 6210 FORMAT(1H0, 5X,A7,I3,33X,A29 ) CALL ATARAC(Z,N3,ND1) C C --- ZATIAREN ALDAEZIN GENERALIZATUAK KALKULATZEKO DO 220 211 DO 220 I1=1,N3 DO 220 J1=1,N3 I2=I1+N3 J2=J1+N3 AD(I1,J1)=(0.,0.) AD(I2,J2)=(0.,0.) IF(I1.NE.J1)GO TO 219 AD(I1,J1)=(1.,0.) AD(I2,J2)=(1.,0.) 219 AD(I1,J2)=(0.,0.) IF(KT.EQ.2)AD(I1,J2)=Z(I1,J1) AD(I2,J1)=(0.,0.) IF(KT.EQ.3)AD(I2,J1)=Z(I1,J1) IF(KT.NE.1)GO TO 220 AD(I2,J1)=Y(I1,J1)/2. BC(I1,J1)=AD(I1,J1) BC(I2,J2)=AD(I2,J2) BC(I1,J2)=Z(I1,J1) BC(I2,J1)=AD(I1,J2) 220 CONTINUE !zatiaren azpizati honen ABCD matrizea OOJP-20260312 C IF(KT.GT.1)GO TO 244 IF(K2.LE.0)GO TO 225 CALL IZENBU WRITE(IDF,6224)KG 6224 FORMAT(1H0,49X,A24 ) 225 CALL BITRIC(BC,N2,N2,AD,N2,N2,RI,ND2) CALL BITRIC(AD,N2,N2,RI,N2,N2,BC,ND2) DO 230 I=1,N2 DO 230 J=1,N2 RI(I,J)=(0.,0.) 230 IF(I.EQ.J)RI(I,J)=(1.,0.) KRL=0 DO 240 I=1,NST !DO honetan barneko azpizatiak batzen dira OOJP IF(KRL.GT.0)GO TO 239 CALL BITRIC(BC,N2,N2,RI,N2,N2,AD,ND2) KRL=1 GO TO 240 239 CALL BITRIC(BC,N2,N2,AD,N2,N2,RI,ND2) KRL=0 240 CONTINUE IF(KRL.GT.0)GO TO 243 IF(K2.GE.1)CALL ATARAC(RI,N2,ND2) CALL BITRIC(RI,N2,N2,RF,N2,N2,BC,ND2) !=>hasi sartzen zatiak hartzaile muturretik OOJP-20260315 GO TO 245 243 IF(K2.GE.1)CALL ATARAC(AD,N2,ND2) 244 CALL BITRIC(AD,N2,N2,RF,N2,N2,BC,ND2) !=>hasi sartzen zatiak hartzaile muturretik OOJP-20260315 245 DO 250 I=1,N2 DO 250 J=1,N2 250 RF(I,J)=BC(I,J) IF(K3.EQ.0)GO TO 1000 KT=3 CALL IZENBU WRITE(IDF,6224)KG CALL ATARAC(RF,N2,ND2) IF(K3.LT.2)GO TO 1000 C C --- LINEKO ALDAEZIN GENERALIZATUEN OSAGAI SIMETRIKOAK ATARATZEN DIRA CALL IZENBU WRITE(IDF,6224)KG WRITE(IDF,6255)OS 6255 FORMAT(1H ,51X,1H(,A18,1H) ) CALL OSASYM(2,NC,ND2,RF,RI,AD,BC) CALL ATARAC(RI,N2,ND2) IF(K3.LT.2) GOTO 1000 C C --- BESTE FITXATEGI BAT EMOITZA LABURTUAKAZ IDAZTEN DA IF(MOD(NFL,60).EQ.0)THEN MOZ=MOZ+1 IF(IZK.EQ.2)WRITE(IDU,6260)PBAS,MOZ 6260 FORMAT(1H1,'POWER BASE =',F5.0,' MVA',103X,'PAGE',I3/ 1 1X,49('-'),'LINE CHARACTERISTICS IN P.U. ',50('-')/ 3 1X,17('-'),'-LINE',18('-'),' LONG.',7X,' SERIES IMPEDANCE ', 4 11X,' SHUNT ADMITANCE ',4X,'COMENT.',1X,' PAGES BASE'/ 5 43X,'(KM)',2(6X,'DIRECT C.',5X,'HOMOPOLAR C.',1X),16X,'(KV)') IF(IZK.NE.2)WRITE(IDU,6261)PBAS,MOZ 6261 FORMAT(1H1,'POTENTZIA BASE =',F5.0,' MVA',95X,'ORRIALDE',I3/ 1 1X,52('-'),'LINEEN EZAUGARRIAK P.U.TAN',53('-')/ 3 1X,17('-'),'LINEA',18('-'),' LUZER.',7X,' SERIE INPEDANTZEA', 4 11X,' SHUNT ADMITANTZEA ',4X,'ARGIBI.',1X,'ORRIAL. BASE'/ 5 43X,'(KM)',2(6X,'O.ZUZENAK',6X,'O.HOMOPOLAR',1X),16X,'(KV)') NFL=5 ENDIF AZALP=' ' IF(NC.GT.1)THEN AZALP='CIR.1' IF(KP.EQ.1)AZALP='CIR.P' ENDIF TBAS=1200. IF(TL.LT.899.)TBAS=700. IF(TL.LT.499.)TBAS=400. IF(TL.LT.299.)TBAS=230. IF(TL.LT.199.)TBAS=132. IF(TL.LT.99.)TBAS=66. IF(TL.LT.55.)TBAS=45. IF(TL.LT.37.)TBAS=30. IF(TL.LT.25.)TBAS=20. IF(TL.LT.17.)TBAS=15. IF(TL.LT.14.)TBAS=13.2 IF(TL.LT.8.)TBAS=5. BASE=TBAS**2/PBAS IF(MOD(NFL,5).EQ.0)THEN WRITE(IDU,'(1X)') NFL=NFL+1 ENDIF WRITE(IDU,6265)IZENA,XLUZ 1,RI(1,N3+1)/BASE,RI(3,N3+3)/BASE,RI(N3+1,1)*BASE,RI(N3+3,3)*BASE 2,AZALP,LOZ,NOZ,TBAS 6265 FORMAT(1X,A40,F8.2,8F8.4,1X,A5,1X,I3,'-',I3,F6.1) NFL=NFL+1 GO TO 1000 C C --- LINEKO TENTSIO ETA INTENTSITATEEN AZTERKETA 300 CALL IRAKUR(NC,ER,LOC,ND2) DO 310 I=1,N2 DO 310 J=1,N2 310 RI(I,J)=RF(I,J) CALL EXCHAN(RI,N2,LOC,ND2,*1000,2) CALL BITRIC(RI,N2,N2,ER,N2,1,ES,ND2) CALL IZENBU DO 320 I=1,N2 IF(LOC(I).EQ.0)GO TO 320 ERO=ER(I) ER(I)=ES(LOC(I)) ES(LOC(I))=ERO 320 CONTINUE PTR=(0.,0.) PTS=(0.,0.) DO 330 I=1,NC I1=3*(I-1) PRT=(0.,0.) PST=(0.,0.) DO 325 J=1,3 I1=I1+1 I2=I1+N3 PR=ER(I1)*CONJG(ER(I2)) PS=ES(I1)*CONJG(ES(I2)) TJ=CABS(ES(I1)-ER(I1)) PRT=PRT+PR PST=PST+PS 325 WRITE(IDF,6325)I,J,CABS(ES(I1))*SQRT(3.),CABS(ES(I2)),PS, 1CABS(ER(I1))*SQRT(3.),CABS(ER(I2)),PR,TJ,LOC(I1),LOC(I2) 6325 FORMAT(1H ,I2,I4,2(4F13.3,2X),F9.3,I4,I2) PTR=PTR+PRT PTS=PTS+PST 330 WRITE(IDF,6330)I,PST,PRT 6330 FORMAT(1H0,I2,4X,2(26X,2F13.3,2X)//) WRITE(IDF,6330)0,PTS,PTR 1000 CONTINUE GOTO 2 9998 CLOSE(UNIT=IRF) CHK=' ' 9999 RETURN END C--------------------------------- SUBROUTINE ATARAC(ZC,NEU,ND) COMPLEX ZC(ND,ND) CHARACTER AX*20,AY*45 INTEGER ASI,BUK,ZEN COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU LZ=1 ASI=1 BUK=6 11 IF(NEU.LE.BUK)GO TO 21 WRITE(IDF,911)(K,K=ASI,BUK) 911 FORMAT(1H / 3X,6(15X,I2)) WRITE(IDF,912)(K,(REAL(ZC(K,I)),I=ASI,BUK),(AIMAG(ZC(K,I)) 1,I=ASI,BUK),K=LZ,NEU) 912 FORMAT(1H /(7X,I2,6(3X,E14.7),/,9X,6(3X,E14.7)/)) ASI=ASI+6 BUK=BUK+6 GO TO 11 21 ZEN=NEU-ASI+1 WRITE(AX,921)ZEN 921 FORMAT(9H(1H / 3X,,I1,9H(15X,I2))) WRITE(IDF,AX)(K,K=ASI,NEU) WRITE(AY,922)ZEN,ZEN 922 FORMAT('(1H /(7X,I2,',I1,'(3X,E14.7)/9X,',I1,'(3X,E14.7)/))') WRITE(IDF,AY)(K,(REAL(ZC(K,I)),I=ASI,NEU),(AIMAG(ZC(K,I)) 1,I=ASI,NEU),K=LZ,NEU) RETURN END SUBROUTINE BITRIC(A,NFA,NCA,B,NFB,NCB,C,ND) C A ETA B MATRIZEAK BIDERKATZEKO AZPIERRUTINA C-20041122 COMPLEX A(ND, 1),B(ND, 1),C(ND, 1) COMPLEX A(ND, *),B(ND, *),C(ND, *) !C-20041122 COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU IF(NCA.NE.NFB)GO TO 88 DO 200 J=1,NCB DO 200 I=1,NFA C(I,J)=CMPLX(0.,0.) DO 200 K=1,NCA 200 C(I,J)=C(I,J)+A(I,K)*B(K,J) 99 RETURN 88 WRITE(IDF,888) 888 FORMAT(6X/ 6X,'SR. BITRIC - MULTZOEN DIMENTSIOAK EZ DIRA EGOKIAK') GO TO 99 END SUBROUTINE EXCHAN(A,KA,LOC,ND,*,KON) C VS = A x VR ekuazioetan VS eta VR bektoreetako bi balio C bata bestearen tokian jartzeko azpierrutina. C Egingo diren bikote aldaketak LOC(K)-z definitzen dira. C LOC(K) guztiak =K badira EXCHAN eta INTRIX antzekoak dira. C (ez guztiz berdinak) C20041023 COMPLEX A(ND, 1),DIV,FAC COMPLEX A(ND, ND),DIV,FAC INTEGER LOC(ND) COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU XL=1.E-20 IF(KON-1)3,1,2 1 DO 100 I=1,KA 100 LOC(I)=I 2 DO 200 K=1,KA IF(LOC(K).EQ.0)GO TO 200 DIV=-A(LOC(K),K) IF(CABS(DIV).LT.XL)GO TO 1001 A(LOC(K),K)=(1.,0.) DO 210 J=1,KA 210 A(LOC(K),J)=A(LOC(K),J)/DIV DO 220 I=1,KA IF(I.EQ.LOC(K))GO TO 220 FAC=A(I,K) A(I,K)=(0.,0.) DO 221 J=1,KA 221 A(I,J)=A(I,J)+FAC*A(LOC(K),J) 220 CONTINUE DO 230 I=1,KA 230 A(I,K)=-A(I,K) 200 CONTINUE 3 RETURN 1001 WRITE(IDF,999)LOC(K),K 999 FORMAT(1H //11X,1H(,I2,1H,,I2,22H) ARDATZA TXIKIEGIA DA) RETURN 1 END SUBROUTINE LABURT(A,NI,NF,ND,KS,KQ,KR) C20131023 COMPLEX A(ND, 1) COMPLEX A(ND,*) INTEGER KR(ND),KS(ND) NF=NI DO 1100 I=1,NI 1100 KR(I)=KS(I) IF(KQ.EQ.0)GO TO 1 DO 1300 I=1,NI IF(KR(I).LE.I.OR.KR(I).GT.NI)GO TO 1300 K=KR(I) DO 310 J=1,NI 310 A(I,J)=A(I,J)-A(K,J) DO 320 J=1,NI 320 A(J,I)=A(J,I)-A(J,K) KR(I)=0 1300 CONTINUE 1 DO 1600 L=1,NI M=NI-L+1 IF(KR(M).GT.0)GO TO 1600 DO 630 I=1,NF DO 630 J=1,NF IF(I.EQ.M.OR.J.EQ.M)GO TO 630 A(I,J)=A(I,J)-A(I,M)/A(M,M)*A(M,J) 630 CONTINUE IF(M.EQ.NF)GO TO 601 DO 610 I=M,NF-1 DO 610 J=1,NF 610 A(J,I)=A(J,I+1) DO 620 I=M,NF-1 DO 620 J=1,NF-1 620 A(I,J)=A(I+1,J) 601 NF=NF-1 1600 CONTINUE RETURN END SUBROUTINE IRAKUR(NC,ER,LOC,ND) COMPLEX ER(ND) REAL VM(3),VF(3),AM(3),AF(3) INTEGER IV(3),NCV(3),NFV(3),IA(3),NCA(3),NFA(3),LOC(ND) COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU DO 2100 I=1,NC READ(IRF,106)NCT,(VM(J),VF(J),IV(J),NCV(J),NFV(J),J=1,3) + ,(AM(J),AF(J),IA(J),NCA(J),NFA(J),J=1,3) 106 FORMAT(I2,6(2F5.1,3I1)) !OOJP-20260219 C NCT = ZIRKUITUA C VM = TENTSIOAREN (INTENTSITATEAREN) MODULUA C VF = TENTSIOAREN (INTENTSITATEAREN) FASEA C IV =0=>MUTUR ELIKATUAREN TENTSIOA C =1=>MUTUR ELIKATZILEAREN TENTSIOA C =2=>MUTUR ELIKATZAILEAREN INTENTSITATEA C NCV = ZIRKUITUA C NFV = FASEA C AM = INTENTSITATEAREN (TENTSIOAREN) MODULUA C AF = INTENTSITATEAREN (TENTSIOAREN) FASEA C IA =0=>MUTUR ELIKATUAREN INTENTSITATEA C =1=>MUTUR ELIKATZAILEAREN TENTSIOA C =2=>MUTUR ELIKATZAILEAREN INTENTSITATEA C =3=>POTENTZIA MUTUR ELIKATUAN (EZ BETI) C NCA = ZIRKUITUA C NFA = FASEA DO 2110 J=1,3 I1=3*(NCT-1)+J I2=I1+NC*3 LOC(I1)=0 IF(IV(J).EQ.1)LOC(I1)=3*(NCV(J)-1)+NFV(J) IF(IV(J).EQ.2)LOC(I1)=3*(NCV(J)-1)+NFV(J)+NC*3 LOC(I2)=0 IF(IA(J).EQ.1)LOC(I2)=3*(NCA(J)-1)+NFA(J) IF(IA(J).EQ.2)LOC(I2)=3*(NCA(J)-1)+NFA(J)+NC*3 VF(J)=VF(J)/57.295779 IF(IV(J).NE.2)VM(J)=VM(J)/SQRT(3.) ER(I1)=CMPLX(VM(J)*COS(VF(J)),VM(J)*SIN(VF(J))) IF(IA(J).EQ.3)GO TO 2111 AF(J)=AF(J)/57.295779 IF(IA(J).EQ.1)AM(J)=AM(J)/SQRT(3.) GO TO 2110 2111 AM(J)=AM(J)/VM(J)/COS(ATAN(AF(J))) AF(J)=VF(J)-ATAN(AF(J)) 2110 ER(I2)=CMPLX(AM(J)*COS(AF(J)),AM(J)*SIN(AF(J))) 2100 CONTINUE RETURN END SUBROUTINE OSASYM(NB,NC,ND,Z123,ZDIH,SD,SI) COMPLEX A0,A1,A2,Z123(ND,ND),ZDIH(ND,ND),SD(ND,ND),SI(ND,ND) NTT=3*NB*NC A0=(1.,0.) A1=(-0.5, 0.8660254) A2=(-0.5,-0.8660254) DO 100 I=1,NTT DO 100 J=1,NTT 100 SD(I,J)=(0.,0.) DO 200 I=1,NTT-2,3 SD(I ,I )=A0 SD(I ,I+1)=A0 SD(I ,I+2)=A0 SD(I+1,I )=A2 SD(I+1,I+1)=A1 SD(I+1,I+2)=A0 SD(I+2,I )=A1 SD(I+2,I+1)=A2 200 SD(I+2,I+2)=A0 N=ND CALL BITRIC(Z123,NTT,NTT,SD,NTT,NTT,SI,N) DO 300 I=1,NTT-2,3 SD(I ,I )=A0/3. SD(I ,I+1)=A1/3. SD(I ,I+2)=A2/3. SD(I+1,I )=A0/3. SD(I+1,I+1)=A2/3. SD(I+1,I+2)=A1/3. SD(I+2,I )=A0/3. SD(I+2,I+1)=A0/3. 300 SD(I+2,I+2)=A0/3. CALL BITRIC(SD,NTT,NTT,SI,NTT,NTT,ZDIH,N) RETURN END SUBROUTINE REGRA(Y,NG,XG,X ,K3) C20131024 REAL Y( 6,1) REAL Y( 6,236) C20041023 CHARACTER*1 CL(121),PUN/'.'/,ZUR/' '/ C20041023 CHARACTER*1 E1/'1'/,E2/'2'/,E3/'3'/,E4/'4'/,E5/'5'/,E6/'6'/ CHARACTER*1 CL(121),PUN,ZUR CHARACTER*1 E1,E2,E3,E4,E5,E6 CHARACTER MEZUA1(4)*38,MEZUA2(4)*35,MEZUA3(4)*5 DOUBLE PRECISION EXPE COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU COMMON /IZENBN/ IZK,EXPE,NOZ,N,KT,TL,MOZ,NFL MEZUA1(1)='FASEEN ETA NEUTROAREN ARTEKO TENTSIOAK' MEZUA1(2)='PHASE NEUTRAL VOLTAGES ' MEZUA2(1)='FASEKO TENTSIOEN BALIORIK HANDIENA:' MEZUA2(2)=' PHASE VOLTAGE, MAXIMUM VALUE:' MEZUA3(1)=' FASE' MEZUA3(2)='PHASE' PUN='.' ZUR=' ' E1='1' E2='2' E3='3' E4='4' E5='5' E6='6' IF(K3.GT.0)GO TO 100 WRITE(IDF,105)MEZUA1(IZK) 105 FORMAT(1H1,10X,A38,77X,'V:VMAX',/1H0 1,2X,'XL(OHM)',1X,3('1',11X,'2',6X,'3 4 5 6 7 8 9 '),'1') WRITE(IDF,103) 103 FORMAT(11X,121('.')) GO TO 200 100 WRITE(IDF,205)MEZUA1(IZK) 205 FORMAT(1H1,10X,A38,77X,'V:VMAX',/ 1H0,2X,'XL(OHM)',1X, 1'0.00',25X,'0.25',26X,'0.50',26X,'0.75',24X,'1.00') WRITE(IDF,103) 200 YMAX=ABS(Y(1,1)) DO 1 I=1,6 DO 1 IJ=1,NG 1 IF(YMAX.LT.ABS(Y(I,IJ))) YMAX=ABS(Y(I,IJ)) DO 10 I=1,121 10 CL(I)=ZUR DO 20 I=1,NG X=X+XG CL(1)=PUN IF(K3.GT.0)GO TO 21 CL(41)=PUN CL(81)=PUN CL(121)=PUN J1=40.*ALOG10(Y(1,I)/YMAX)+121.5 J2=40.*ALOG10(Y(2,I)/YMAX)+121.5 J3=40.*ALOG10(Y(3,I)/YMAX)+121.5 J4=40.*ALOG10(Y(4,I)/YMAX)+121.5 J5=40.*ALOG10(Y(5,I)/YMAX)+121.5 J6=40.*ALOG10(Y(6,I)/YMAX)+121.5 IF(J1.GE.1)CL(J1)=E1 IF(J2.GE.1)CL(J2)=E2 IF(J3.GE.1)CL(J3)=E3 IF(J4.GE.1)CL(J4)=E4 IF(J5.GE.1)CL(J5)=E5 IF(J6.GE.1)CL(J6)=E6 WRITE(IDF,104)X,(CL(J),J=1,121) 104 FORMAT(1H , F9.3,1X,121A1) GO TO 22 21 CL(61)=PUN CL(31)=PUN CL(91)=PUN CL(121)=PUN J1=120.*Y(1,I)/YMAX+1.5 J2=120.*Y(2,I)/YMAX+1.5 J3=120.*Y(3,I)/YMAX+1.5 J4=120.*Y(4,I)/YMAX+1.5 J5=120.*Y(5,I)/YMAX+1.5 J6=120.*Y(6,I)/YMAX+1.5 CL(J1)=E1 CL(J2)=E2 CL(J3)=E3 CL(J4)=E4 CL(J5)=E5 CL(J6)=E6 WRITE(IDF,104)X,(CL(J),J=1,121) C 204 FORMAT(1H ,F10.3,4X,121A1) 22 IF (J1.GT.0) CL(J1)=ZUR IF (J2.GT.0) CL(J2)=ZUR IF (J3.GT.0) CL(J3)=ZUR IF (J4.GT.0) CL(J4)=ZUR IF (J5.GT.0) CL(J5)=ZUR IF (J6.GT.0) CL(J6)=ZUR 20 CONTINUE IF(K3.EQ.0)WRITE(IDF,103) IF(K3.GT.0)WRITE(IDF,103) WRITE(IDF,108)(MEZUA3(IZK),I=1,3),MEZUA2(IZK),YMAX C 108 FORMAT(1H // 15X,'1144 FASE 1',5X,'2255 FASE 2',5X,'3366 FASE 3', C 1 7X,'FASEKO TENTSIOEN BALIORIK HANDIENA:',F13.3,' KV') 108 FORMAT(1H // 15X,'1144 ',A5,' 1',5X,'2255 ',A5,' 2',5X,'3366 ',A5 1,' 3',7X,A35,F13.3,' KV') RETURN END SUBROUTINE RES(ND,NC,N1,N2,N3,XA,XG,NG,RF,RI,BC,AD,ES,ER,LOC) COMPLEX RF(ND,ND),RI(ND,ND),BC(ND,ND),AD(ND,ND),ES(ND),ER(ND) REAL VOLT(6,236) INTEGER LOC(ND) COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU NT=ND N6=NC*6 N5=NC*3-3 N4=N6-3 IF(NG.GT.236)NG=236 CALL IRAKUR(NC,ER,LOC,NT) WRITE(IDF,199)(J,J=1,N6) 199 FORMAT(1H1// 3X,7HXL(OHM),3X,12(3X,2HES,I2,3X)// ) XA=XA-XG XH=XA DO 1000 I=1,NG XA=XA+XG DO 1100 I1=1,NC*3 DO 1100 J1=1,NC*3 I2=I1+NC*3 J2=J1+NC*3 BC(I1,J1)=(0.,0.) BC(I2,J2)=(0.,0.) BC(I1,J2)=(0.,0.) BC(I2,J1)=(0.,0.) IF(I1.NE.J1) GO TO 1100 BC(I1,J1)=(1.,0.) BC(I2,J2)=(1.,0.) IF(N2.EQ.0.OR.J1.GT.N5)BC(I2,J1)=CMPLX(0.,-1./XA) 1100 CONTINUE C N1 ESATEN DU ERREAKTANTZIAK NON DAUDEN KOKATUTA IF(N1.GE.3)CALL BITRIC(RF,N6,N6,BC,N6,N6,RI,NT) IF(N1.EQ.2)CALL BITRIC(BC,N6,N6,RF,N6,N6,RI,NT) IF(N1.NE.4)GO TO 1001 CALL BITRIC(BC,N6,N6,RI,N6,N6,AD,NT) DO 1200 I1=1,N6 DO 1200 J1=1,N6 1200 RI(I1,J1)=AD(I1,J1) 1001 CALL EXCHAN(RI,N6,LOC,NT,*999,2) CALL BITRIC(RI,N6,N6,ER,N6,1,ES,NT) WRITE(IDF,198)XA,(CABS(ES(J)),J=1,N6) 198 FORMAT(1H ,F10.3,1X,12(1PE10.2)) DO 1300 I1=1,3 VOLT(I1,I)=CABS(ES(I1+N5)) 1300 VOLT(I1+3,I)=CABS(ES(I1+N4)) 1000 CONTINUE C N3 ESATEN DU IRTEERA GRAFIKOA NOLAKOA DEN CALL REGRA(VOLT,NG,XG,XH,N3) 999 RETURN END SUBROUTINE ZY(L,N,FNCY,RHO,Z,Y,DX,DY,RAD,RMG,IN,D,ID,R,G,KR,W,KW) C***** SUBROUTINE ONEN BIDEZ LINE BATEN (R+JX) INPEDANTZEAK ETA ****** C***** (G+JB) ADMITANTZEAK KALKULATZEN DIRA ****** C***** "Transmission Line Reference Book 345 kV and Above" ****** C***** liburuaren 95. orrialdean esandakoaren arabera ****** C***** Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto CA94304, 1975 ****** REAL FNCY,DX(L),DY(L),RAD(L),RMG(L),D(L),R(L),G(L),K,MUCY INTEGER IN(L),ID(L),KR(L) COMPLEX Z(L,L),Y(L,L),W(L,L) FK(A,F,RLOC)=2.80E-3*A*SQRT(F/RLOC) FP(K,T,P)=P/8.-K*COS(T)/3./SQRT(2.)+K**2 *(COS(2.*T)*(0.6728+ALOG( 12./K))+T*SIN(2.*T))/16.+K**3 *COS(3.*T)/45./SQRT(2.)-P*K**4 *COS(4 2.*T)/1536. FQ(K,T,P)=ALOG(2./K)/2.-0.0386+K*COS(T)/3./SQRT(2.)-P*K**2 *COS(2. 1*T)/64.+K**3 *COS(3.*T)/45./SQRT(2.)-K**4 *(T*SIN(4.*T)+COS(4.*T)* 2(ALOG(2./K)+1.0895))/384. PI=3.1415926 C=3.E8 OMEG=2.*PI*FNCY MUCY=2.E-4*OMEG C *** MUCY=MU ZATI (BI BIDER PI) BIDER OMEGA (MU=4*PI*E-7, MUCY=MU*FNCY) C *** MUCY=MU ENTRE DOS PI POR OMEGA (MU=4*PI*E-7, MUCY=MU*FNCY) EPCY=2.E-10*C**2/OMEG C *** EPCY=BAT ZATI (BI BIDER PI EPSILON OMEGA)(EPS=1/MU/C**2=E-9/36/PI) C *** EPCY=UNO ENTRE DOS PI EPSILON OMEGA (EPS=1/MU/C**2=E-9/36/PI) DO 1 I=1,N G(I)=0. !C-20041122 R(I)=R(I)/IN(I) RMG(I)=RMG(I)/100. RAD(I)=RAD(I)/100. RG=GMR(IN(I),RMG(I),D(I),ID(I)) RR=GMR(IN(I),RAD(I),D(I),ID(I)) DPMM=2.*DY(I) TETA=0. K=FK(DPMM,FNCY,RHO) P=FP(K,TETA,PI)*2.*MUCY Q=FQ(K,TETA,PI)*2.*MUCY X=ALOG(DPMM/RG)*MUCY Z(I,I)=CMPLX(R(I)+P,X+Q) X=ALOG(DPMM/RR)*EPCY Y(I,I)=CMPLX(0.,-X) W(I,I)=Y(I,I) J1=I+1 IF(N-J1)1,15,15 15 DO 16 J=J1,N DPMN=DY(I)+DY(J) DMN =DY(I)-DY(J) HMN =DX(I)-DX(J) DPMN=SQRT(DPMN**2+HMN**2) DMN =SQRT(DMN **2+HMN**2) TETA=ASIN(HMN/DPMN) K=FK(DPMN,FNCY,RHO) P=FP(K,TETA,PI)*2.*MUCY Q=FQ(K,TETA,PI)*2.*MUCY X=ALOG(DPMN/DMN)*MUCY Z(I,J)=CMPLX(P,X+Q) Z(J,I)=Z(I,J) X=ALOG(DPMN/DMN)*EPCY Y(I,J)=CMPLX(0.,-X) W(I,J)=Y(I,J) W(J,I)=W(I,J) 16 Y(J,I)=Y(I,J) 1 CONTINUE M=L CALL LABURT(W,N,N3,M,KR,KW,ID) CALL EXCHAN(Y,N,ID,M,*99,1) CALL EXCHAN(W,N3,ID,M,*99,1) DO 2 I=1,N W(I,I)=CMPLX(G(I),0.)+W(I,I) 2 Y(I,I)=CMPLX(G(I),0.)+Y(I,I) 99 RETURN END C --- *** --- *** --- *** --- *** --- *** --- *** --- *** --- *** --- SUBROUTINE EREPRO(CHK) C AIREKO LINEA ELEKTRIKOEK SORTUTAKO C EREMU ELEKTROMAGNETIKOAK KALKULATZEKO PROGRAMA. C PARALELOAN JARRITAKO 10 LINEA ARTE KONTUAN HARTU AHAL DITU. C$ FORTY MAP,XREF,FDS EREMU CEREMU PARAMETER (N1=32) DIMENSION V(N1),PHI(N1),RA(N1),RMG(N1),D(N1),IDL(N1),IN(N1),X(N1), &Y1(N1),Y2(N1),PC(N1,N1),VR(N1),VI(N1),XR(N1),XI(N1),FI(N1),JCK(N1) REAL FNCY INTEGER POPT CHARACTER IZENA*56,EGUNA*10, EUSK*5,EROA*15, CHK*4 DOUBLE PRECISION EXPE EQUIVALENCE(RMG(1),PC(1,N1)) COMMON/BI/PC,VR,VI,RA,D,IN,IDL COMMON/IRU/XA,XG,NX,YA,YG,NY,X,Y1 COMMON /IZENBN/ IZK,EXPE,NOZ,NNN,KTKTKT,TL,MOZ,NFL COMMON /IZENBC/ EGUNA,IZENA,EUSK,EROA COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU CHARACTER IZBR21(2)*7, IZBR22(2)*28,IZBR23(2)*15,IZBR24(2)*33 4,IZBR31(2)*22,IZBR32(2)*18,IZBR33(2)*54,IZBR34(2)*16,IZBR35(2)*8 5,IZBR36(2)*54,IZBR37(2)*16 COMMON /HZENBU/IZBR21,IZBR22,IZBR23,IZBR24 4 ,IZBR31,IZBR32,IZBR33,IZBR34,IZBR35,IZBR36,IZBR37 CHARACTER IZBE21(2)*90,IZBE22(2)*46 COMMON /HZEPRO/IZBE21,IZBE22 99 CALL HIRUAT(IRF,CHK,*98,*9999,*9998) 98 READ(IRF,'(F4.0,A56,F10.2,A10)',END=9998)TL,IZENA,EXPE,EGUNA READ(IRF,599)L2,FNCY,RHO,POPT,NA,IE,IM,L,XA,XG,NX,YA,YG,NY 599 FORMAT(I3,F9.0,F7.2,5I2,2X,2(F6.2,F4.2,I3)) print *,'EREMU ',izena C L2 = EROALEEN KOPURUA C FNCY = LINEAREN FREKUENTZIA C RHO = LINE TARTE HONEN LURRAREN ERRESISTIBITATEA C POPT <1 => KONF. ORIGINALAREN MAXWELL-EN POTENTZIAL KOEF. ATARATZEN DIRA C =1 => KONF. ORIGINALAREN MAXWELL-EN POTENTZIAL KOEF. ATARATZEN DIRA C =2 => KONF. BALIOKIDEAREN M-EN POT. KOEF. ATARATZEN DIRA C >2 => BI KONFIGURAZIOEN M-EN POT. KOEFIZIENTEAK ATARATZEN DIRA C NA =1 => ZARATA AKUSTIKOARI BURUZKO DATUAK ATARATZEN DIRA C IE >0 => EREMU ELEKTRIKOAREN EMAITZAK ATARATZEN DIRA C IM >0 => EREMU MAGNETIKOAREN EMAITZAK ATARATZEN DIRA C L = C XA = EREMUAK KALKULATZEKO HASIERAKO X KOORDENADA (M-TAN) C XG = EREMUAK KALKULATZEKO X KOORDENADARENTZAKO GEHIGARRIA (M-TAN) C NX = ZENBAT BIDER GEHITUKO DEN XG ( <101 ) C YA = EREMUAK KALKULATZEKO HASIERAKO Y KOORDENADA (M-TAN) C YG = EREMUAK KALKULATZEKO Y KOORDENADARENTZAKO GEHIGARRIA (M-TAN) C NY = ZENBAT BIDER GEHITUKO DEN YG ( <11 ) READ(IRF,598)(RMG(I),RA(I),IN(I),D(I),IDL(I),X(I),Y1(I),Y2(I) &,XI(I),FI(I),V(I),PHI(I),I=1,L2) 598 FORMAT(2F7.4,I2,F7.4,I2,3F7.3,9X,F5.3,F6.2,F7.3,F6.2) C RMG = EROALEAREN "BATEZBESTEKO ERRADIO GEOMETRIKOA" CM-TAN C RA = EROALEAREN ERRADIOA CM-TAN C IN = EROALE SORTAREN AZPIEROALE KOPURUA C D = AZPIEROALEEN ARTEKO DISTANTZIA EDO EROALE SORTAREN DIAMETROA M-TAN C IDL =0 => AURREKO DATUA AZPIEROALEN ARTEKO DISTANTZIA DA C =1 => AURREKO DATUA EROALE SORTAREN DIAMETROA DA C X = EROALEAREN X KOORDENATUA M-TAN C Y1 = EROALEAREN Y KOORDENATUA M-TAN EUSKARRIEN ONDOAN C Y2 = EROALEAREN Y KOORDENATUA M-TAN EUSKARRIEN ARTEKO TARTEAREN ERDIAN C XI = INTENTSITATEAREN BALIOA KA-TAN C FI = INTENTSITATEAREN FASEA GRADUTAN C V = TENTSIOAREN BALIOA KV-TAN C PHI = TENTSIOAREN FASEA GRADUTAN KTKTKT=20 CALL IZENBU C IZBE21='SARRERAKO DATUAK, AZTERTUTAKO LINEAREN EZAUGARRIAK' WRITE(IDF,696)IZBE21(IZK),IZBE22(IZK) 1,L2,FNCY,RHO,POPT,NA,IE,IM,L,XA,XG,NX,YA,YG,NY 696 FORMAT(//8X,A//8X,A,13X,'XA XG NX YA YG NY'/ & 9X,I2,F11.0,F9.2,8X,5I3, 8X,2(F8.2,F6.2,I4)) WRITE(IDF,697)(I,RMG(I),RA(I),IN(I),100.*D(I),IDL(I),X(I),Y1(I), 1Y2(I),XI(I),FI(I),V(I),PHI(I),I=1,L2) C 697 FORMAT(1H /8X,'COND GMR RAD ZEN BUN D ZER X Y1 ' C 1,' Y2 INT KA FAS G TEN KV PHAS G'// C 2,(9X,I2,F6.2,F5.2,I4,F7.2,I3,2X,3F8.2,2(F10.2,F8.2))) 697 FORMAT(1H /8X,'EROA BGE ERR ZEN SOR.D ZER X Y1 ' 1,' Y2 INT KA FAS G TEN KV PHAS G'// 2,(9X,I2,F6.2,F5.2,I4,F7.2,I3,2X,3F8.2,2(F10.2,F8.2))) IF(RHO)95,95,97 97 IF(FNCY)95,95,96 96 DK=660.*SQRT(RHO/FNCY) GO TO 94 95 DK=800. 94 CONTINUE DO 1 I=1,L2 1 Y1(I)=Y1(I)+(Y2(I)-Y1(I))*2./3. DO 2 I=1,L2 PHI(I)=PHI(I)*0.017453293 V(I)=1000.*V(I)/1.7320508 VR(I)=V(I)*COS(PHI(I)) VI(I)=V(I)*SIN(PHI(I)) FI(I)=FI(I)*0.017453293 XI(I)=1000.*XI(I) XR(I)=XI(I)*COS(FI(I)) XI(I)=XI(I)*SIN(FI(I)) RA (I)=RA (I)/100. 2 CONTINUE KOPT=0 IF(POPT.LT.0)POPT=0 !C-20131026 IF(POPT.GT.3)POPT=3 !C-20131026 POPT=POPT+1 100 CALL PMAXW(L2,X,Y1,IN,RA,D,IDL,PC) GO TO(203,202,201,200),POPT 200 IF(KOPT)202,202,201 201 CALL GITRIX(PC,L2,V,L4) KOPT=1 !C-20131026 L2=L4 202 CALL IDATZM(PC,L2,KOPT,1,IZK) 203 CALL INTRIX(PC,L2,JCK,N1,*99) IF(POPT-1)204,205,204 204 CALL IDATZM(PC,L2,KOPT,2,IZK) 205 CALL IDATZG(L2,KOPT,IZK) IF(IE.GT.0.OR.IM.GT.0.OR.L.GT.0) &CALL EREMU(L2,KOPT,XR,XI,DK,IE,IM,L) IF(NA.GT.0)CALL ANOISE(L2,KOPT,V,PHI,RA,IN,NA,IZK) IF(KOPT) 99,208, 99 208 KOPT=1 IF(POPT-3)99,99,100 9998 CLOSE(UNIT=IRF) CHK=' ' 9999 RETURN END C$ FORTY MAP,XREF,FDS ANOISE SUBROUTINE ANOISE(N,KOPT,V,PHI,RA,IN,AN,IZK) C ********************************************************************* C * SUBRUTINA HONETAN LINEEK SORTUTAKO PRESIO AKUSTIKOAREN ZEHARKAKO * C * PROFILA KALKULATZEN DA, ''E.P.R.I.''K 1975EAN ARGITARATUTAKO * C * '' TRANSMISSION LINE REFERENCE BOOK 345 KV AND ABOVE '' * C * LIBURUAREN 6. KAPITULUAN (AUDIBLE NOISE) ESANDAKOAREN ARABERA * C ********************************************************************* PARAMETER (N1=32) REAL V(N1),RA(N1),PHI(N1),X(N1),Y(N1),GRS(N1),Z(N1),GRM(N1) INTEGER AN,IN(N1) COMPLEX P REAL LONG,JHR,JWC,NM2HR,NM2WC,NM2PT,LANDA,LANDA1,LANDA2 CHARACTER ANOI11(2)*4, ANOI12(2)*72,ANOI21(2)*47,ANOI22(2)*54 1,ANOI23(2)*72,ANOI24(2)*26,ANOI25(2)*25,ANOI26(2)*23 COMMON /HZOISE/ ANOI11,ANOI12,ANOI21,ANOI22,ANOI23,ANOI24,ANOI25 1,ANOI26 EQUIVALENCE(GRM(1),Z(1)) COMMON/BAT/A1(N1),A2(N1) COMMON/IRU/XA,XG,NX,YA,YG,NY,X,Y COMMON/LAU/GRM COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU CHARACTER*25 KONFOR(2),KONFBA(2),POTGR1(2)*32,POTGR2(2)*60 1,MAXP1(2)*35,MAXP2(2)*19,KAP1(2)*27,KAP2(2)*19 COMMON /HZDATZ/ KONFOR,KONFBA,POTGR1,POTGR2,MAXP1,MAXP2,KAP1,KAP2 DB(XNM2)=20.*ALOG10(XNM2/2.E-5) AB(AX)=10.**(AX/10.) IF(AN.EQ.0) GO TO 99 ATE=-0.0075 ATE=-0.0075 LANDA=3.43 DC=20.5 XK1=0. XK2=1. LONG=5000. L1=100 L2=10 XM=0.01 C YM=0.01 ZM=10. KONTR=0 PI=3.14159265 IF(NX.GT.L1.OR.NY.GT.L2.OR.XG.LT.XM.OR.YG.LT.XM)GO TO 98 DO 100 I=1,N IF(IN(I)-2)101,102,103 101 XKN=5.6 GO TO 104 102 XKN=1.8 GO TO 104 103 XKN=1.0 104 A1(I)=46.4-665.0/GRM(I) A1(I)=AB(A1(I)) A1(I)=IN(I)**2*(200.*RA(I)/3.8)**4.4*A1(I)*XKN A2(I)=53.5-505.5/GRM(I) C1=10.6-0.41/(2.*RA(I)) A2(I)=A2(I)+C1 C1=47.4-1000./(IN(I)+15) C2=24.1-390.0/(IN(I)+10) C=(C2-C1)/2.28 C=C1+C*(200.*RA(I)-2.35) A2(I)=A2(I)+C A2(I)=AB(A2(I)) GRS(I)=(12.5*200.*RA(I)-4.57)/(200.*RA(I)-1.07) IF(IN(I)-4)106,106,105 105 GRS(I)=GRS(I)/(1.+0.027*(IN(I)-4)) 106 GRS(I)=GRM(I)/GRS(I) U=10.*(GRS(I)-0.8) Z(I)=(63.4*U**2+1.87*U**3-1.15*U**4)/1000. 100 CONTINUE Y2=YA-YG DO 200 K=1,NY+1 CALL IZENBU Y2=Y2+YG IF(Y2)200,201,201 201 IF(KOPT)202,202,203 C 997 FORMAT(1H /51X,22HKONFIGURAZIO ORIGINALA) 202 WRITE(IDF,'(1H /51X,A)')KONFOR(IZK) GO TO 204 C 996 FORMAT(1H /51X,23HKONFIGURAZIO BALIOKIDEA) 203 WRITE(IDF,'(1H /51X,A)')KONFBA(IZK) 204 DO 300 I=1,N IF(ABS(V(I))-ZM)301,301,300 301 R=RA(I)*100. G=GRS(I) IF(R.GE.1.0.AND.R.LE.3.0.AND.G.LE.1.4.AND.G.GE.0.8)GO TO 300 C 998 FORMAT(/I3,' EROALEA (LUR KABLEA) EZ DA KONTUAN HARTZEN' C 1,' EROALE HEZEKO KASUAN ') WRITE(IDF,'(/A,I3,A)')TRIM(ANOI11(IZK)),I,TRIM(ANOI12(IZK)) 300 CONTINUE C 995 FORMAT(/16X,'PRESIO AKUSTIKOAREN ZEHARKAKO PROFILA, LURRETIK',F6.2 C 1,' M-RA N/M2 ETA 20 MICRON/M2-REN GAINEKO DB-TAN' // 2X,5HDIST.,8X C 2,'******* BANDA ZABALEKO ZARATA ALEATORIOAREN MAILA *******',12X C 3,'100 HZ-EKO ZARATAREN MAILA' / 15X,'** EURITE GOGORRAK ***',14X, C 4'**** EROALE HEZEAK ****', 13X,'**** EURITE GOGORRAK ****' / C 5 18X,'N/M2',9X,5HDB(A),18X,4HN/M2,9X,5HDB(A),19X,4HN/M2,9X,2HDB) WRITE(IDF,995)ANOI21(IZK),Y2,ANOI22(IZK),ANOI23(IZK),ANOI24(IZK) 1, ANOI25(IZK),ANOI26(IZK),ANOI25(IZK) 995 FORMAT(/16X,A,F6.2,A//2X,A,12X,A/15X,A,11X,A,13X,A/ 5 19X,'N/M2',9X,5HDB(A),18X,4HN/M2,9X,5HDB(A),19X,4HN/M2,10X,2HDB) ILK=0 !Datuekin idatzitako lerro kopurua X2=XA-XG DO 400 J=1,NX+1 JHR=0. JWC=0. P=(0.,0.) X2=X2+XG IF(MOD(ILK,6).EQ.0)THEN WRITE(IDF,'(1X)') ILK=ILK+1 ENDIF ILK=ILK+1 !Idatzitako lerroen kopurua DO 500 I=1,N XD=X2-X(I) YH1=Y2-Y(I) YH2=Y2+Y(I) IF(ABS(XD)-XM)501,502,502 501 IF(ABS(YH1)-XM)403,502,502 502 R=RA(I)*100. G=GRS(I) R1=SQRT(XD*XD+YH1*YH1) R2=SQRT(XD*XD+YH2*YH2) IF(LONG-1000.)505,505,506 505 HM1=(ATAN2(LONG,2.*R1)*EXP(ATE*R1)/R1 + XK1*ATAN2(LONG,2.*R2)* 1 EXP(ATE*R2)/R2)/(2.*PI) GO TO 507 506 HM1=(EXP(ATE*R1)/R1+XK1*EXP(ATE*R2)/R2)/4. 507 JHR=JHR+A1(I)*HM1 COEF=DC*A2(I)/SQRT(2.)/PI LANDA1=0.-PHI(I)-2.*PI*R1/LANDA LANDA2=0.-PHI(I)-2.*PI*R2/LANDA P1=COEF*(COS(LANDA1)/R1+XK2*COS(LANDA2)/R2) P2=COEF*(SIN(LANDA1)/R1+XK2*SIN(LANDA2)/R2) P=P+CMPLX(P1,P2) IF(R.GE.1..AND.R.LE.3..AND.G.LE.1.4.AND.G.GE..8) GO TO 504 IF(ABS(V(I))-ZM)500,500,503 503 KONTR=1 504 JWC=JWC+A1(I)*HM1*Z(I) 500 CONTINUE NM2HR=DC*SQRT(JHR)*1.E-3 NM2WC=DC*SQRT(JWC)*1.E-3 NM2PT=CABS(P)*1.E-3 DBAHR=DB(NM2HR) DBAWC=DB(NM2WC) DBAPT=DB(NM2PT) IF(KONTR)402,401,402 401 WRITE(IDF,994)X2,NM2HR,DBAHR,NM2WC,DBAWC,NM2PT,DBAPT 994 FORMAT(1H , F7.2,8X,1PE9.2,0PF12.2,15X,1PE9.2,0PF12.2,16X,1PE9.2 1,0PF12.2,1X) GO TO 400 402 WRITE(IDF,993)X2,NM2HR,DBAHR,NM2PT,DBAPT C 993 FORMAT(1H / F7.2,8X,1PE9.2,0PF12.2,10X, C 1'NOT ENOUGH STATISTICAL DATA',13X,1PE9.2,0PF12.2 ) 993 FORMAT(1H , F7.2,8X,1PE9.2,0PF12.2,10X, 1'DATU ESTATISTIKO GUTXIEGI',15X,1PE9.2,0PF12.2 ) GO TO 400 403 WRITE(IDF,992)X2,X2,Y2 C 992 FORMAT(1H / F7.2,25X,' RESULTS FOR X=',F6.2,' E Y=',F6.2,' C 1 ARE NOT SIGNIFICANT') 992 FORMAT(1H , F7.2,25X,' X=',F6.2,' ETA Y=',F6.2, 1' TOKIRAKO EMAITZAK EZ DIRA ESANGURATSUAK') 400 CONTINUE 200 CONTINUE GO TO 99 98 WRITE(IDF,999) 999 FORMAT(1H1///10HANOISE-N, ,'MUGAEI JAGOKEZAN (DAGOKIEZAN, DAGOZKIE 1N) BALDINTZAK EZ DIRA BETETZEN') 99 RETURN END C$ FORTY MAP,XREF,FDS ATARA SUBROUTINE ATARA (MULTZO,NEURRI) PARAMETER (N1=32) REAL MULTZO(N1,N1) CHARACTER *20 AX CHARACTER *25 AY COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU INTEGER ASIERA,AMAIA ASIERA=1 AMAIA=6 33 IF(NEURRI-AMAIA)1,1,2 2 WRITE(IDF,999)(K,K=ASIERA,AMAIA) 999 FORMAT(1H //3X,6(15X,I2)) WRITE(IDF,997)(K,(MULTZO(K,I),I=ASIERA,AMAIA),K=1,NEURRI) 997 FORMAT(1H /(7X,I2,6(3X,E14.7))) ASIERA=ASIERA+6 AMAIA=AMAIA+6 GO TO 33 1 NBARRI=NEURRI-ASIERA+1 WRITE(AX,998)NBARRI 998 FORMAT(9H(1H //3X,,I1,9H(15X,I2))) WRITE(IDF,AX)(K,K=ASIERA,NEURRI) WRITE(AY,996)NBARRI 996 FORMAT(12H(1H /(7X,I2,,I1,12H(3X,E14.7)))) WRITE(IDF,AY)(K,(MULTZO(K,I),I=ASIERA,NEURRI),K=1,NEURRI) RETURN END C$ FORTY MAP,XREF,FDS BITRIX SUBROUTINE BITRIX(A,NFA,NCA,B,NFB,NCB,P) PARAMETER (N1=32) DIMENSION A(N1,N1),B(N1,1),P(N1,1) COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU 888 FORMAT(1H ,5X,'MULTZO ONEIK EZIN DIRA BIDERTU') IF(NCA-NFB)3,1,3 1 CONTINUE DO 2 J=1,NCB DO 21 I=1,NFA P(I,J)=0. DO 211 K=1,NCA 211 P(I,J)=P(I,J)+A(I,K)*B(K,J) 21 CONTINUE 2 CONTINUE RETURN 3 WRITE(IDT,888) STOP 1002 END C$ FORTY MAP,XREF,FDS EREMU SUBROUTINE EREMU(N,KOPT,XIR,XII,DEK,IELEC,IMAG,L) C *** ****************************************************************** C SUBRUTINA HONETAN LINEA BATEK SORTUTAKO EREMU ELEKTRIKO ETA C MAGNETIKOA KALKULATZEN DIRA, D.W. DENO-REN 'TRANSMISSION C LINE FIELDS' (IEEE TRANSACTIONS VOL.PAS-95 NO.5 SEP/OCT 1976) C ARTIKULUAREN ETA WG 36-01(EFFECTS OF CORONA AND FIELD) LAN TALDEAK C SC 36(INTERFERENCE) KOMITEAREN IZENEAN AURKEZTUTAKO C 36-07(CIGRE 1978) TXOSTENAREN ARABERA C *** ****************************************************************** PARAMETER (N1=32) DOUBLE PRECISION EXPE COMMON/BAT/QR,QI COMMON/IRU/XASI,XGEI,NXG,YASI,YGEI,NYG,X,Y COMMON /IZENBN/ IZK,EXPE,NOZ,NNNN,KT,TL,MOZ,NFL REAL X(N1),Y(N1),QR(N1),QI(N1),XIR(N1),XII(N1) REAL MUPI COMPLEX POTEN C COMMON /HIZKON/ KONFOR,KONFBA OOJP-20260208 CHARACTER*25 KONFOR(2),KONFBA(2),POTGR1(2)*32,POTGR2(2)*60 1,MAXP1(2)*35,MAXP2(2)*19,KAP1(2)*27,KAP2(2)*19 COMMON /HZDATZ/ KONFOR,KONFBA,POTGR1,POTGR2,MAXP1,MAXP2,KAP1,KAP2 CHARACTER*25 POTEL1(2)*48,POTEL2(2)*50 1,ERMAG1(2)*28,ERMAG2(2)*15,ERMAG3(2)*122,ERMAG4(2)*19,ERMAG5(2)*19 2,ERELE1(2)*25,ERELE2(2)*15,ERELE3(2)*121,ERELE4(2)*19,ERELE5(2)*19 3,MEZU21(2)*15,MEZU22(2)*7, MEZU23(2)*36, MEZU24(2)*74 COMMON /HZREMU/ POTEL1,POTEL2 1 ,ERMAG1,ERMAG2,ERMAG3,ERMAG4,ERMAG5 2 ,ERELE1,ERELE2,ERELE3,ERELE4,ERELE5 3 ,MEZU21,MEZU22,MEZU23,MEZU24 COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU FUNK(R,S,T,U,A)=SQRT((R*SIN(A)+S*COS(A))**2 +(T*SIN(A)+U*COS(A))** 12 ) BAT(A,B)=A/(A*A+B*B) LIM1=100 LIM2=10 XMUGA=0.01 YMUGA=0.01 C20041023 ZMG=1.E-38 ZMG=1.E-37 RD=57.295779 EPPI=18.E6 C EPPI=BAT ZATI (BI BIDER PI BIDER EPSILON) C =1./(2.*PI*EPS)=18.E9(S.I.) C=3.E8 BADA MUPI=2.E-7 C MUPI=MU ZATI (BI BIDER PI)=MU/(2.*PI)=2.E-7(S.I.) IF(IELEC)11,11,12 11 IF(IMAG)99,99,12 12 IF(NXG-LIM1)14,14,13 13 WRITE(IDF,613) 613 FORMAT(1H1///10X,'BIDEA ZABALEGIA DA, NXG 100 BAINO AUNDIAGOA DA') GO TO 99 14 IF(NYG-LIM2)16,16,15 15 WRITE(IDF,615) 615 FORMAT(1H1///10X,'BIDEA GARAIEGIA DA, NYG 10 BAINO AUNDIAGOA DA') GO TO 99 16 IF(XGEI-0.01)17,18,18 17 WRITE(IDF,617) 617 FORMAT(1H1///10X,'XGEI 0.01 BAINO TXIKIAGOA DA') GO TO 99 18 IF(YGEI-0.01)19,20,20 19 WRITE(IDF,619) 619 FORMAT(1H1///10X,'YGEI 0.01 BAINO TXIKIAGOA DA') GO TO 99 20 CONTINUE DO 100 KB=1,2 IF(KB-1)101,101,102 101 IF(IELEC)103,103,102 102 YA=YASI-YGEI C*200 DO 200 EREMU ELEKTRIKO EDO INDUKZIO MAGNETIKOAREN KALKULUA C AZTERTU GURA DIREN SESTRA GUZTIETAN DO 200 K=1,NYG+1 CALL IZENBU ILK=0 !Datuekin idatzitako lerroen kopurua IF(KOPT)201,201,203 201 WRITE(IDF,995)KONFOR(IZK) !Konfigurazio originala 995 FORMAT(1H /51X,A) GO TO 204 203 WRITE(IDF,995)KONFBA(IZK) !Konfigurazio baliokidea 204 YA=YA+YGEI IF(KB-1)208,208,206 206 WRITE(IDF,988)TRIM(ERMAG1(IZK)),YA,ERMAG2(IZK) 1 ,ERMAG3(IZK),(ERMAG4(IZK),I=1,2),(ERMAG5(IZK),I=1,4) 988 FORMAT(1H /44X,A,F6.2,A///3X,A/8X,2(A),4(A)) GO TO 210 208 WRITE(IDF,989)TRIM(ERELE1(IZK)),YA,ERELE2(IZK) 1 ,ERELE3(IZK),(ERELE4(IZK),I=1,2),(ERELE5(IZK),I=1,4) 989 FORMAT(1H /44X,A,F6.2,A///2X,A/1H ,8X,2(A),4(A)) 210 XA=XASI-XGEI C*500 DO 500 E.ELEK. EDO I.MAG.-AREN KALKULUA SESTRA BAKOITZEAN DO 500 I=1,NXG+1 GXR=0. GXI=0. GYR=0. GYI=0. XA=XA+XGEI C*600 DO 600 E.ELEK. EDO I.MAG.-AREN KALKULUA C SESTRA BATEKO PUNTUETAN DO 600 J=1,N XD=XA-X(J) YH1=YA-Y(J) IF(KB-1)602,602,601 601 YH2=YA+DEK GO TO 603 602 YH2=YA+Y(J) 603 CONTINUE IF(ABS(XD).GE.XMUGA)GO TO 606 IF(ABS(YH1).LT.XMUGA.OR.ABS(YH2).LT.XMUGA)GO TO 504 606 S11=BAT(XD,YH1) S12=BAT(XD,YH2) S21=BAT(YH1,XD) S22=BAT(YH2,XD) IF(KB-1)608,608,607 607 XM=(S21-S22)*MUPI YM=(S12-S11)*MUPI GXR=GXR+XIR(J)*XM GXI=GXI+XII(J)*XM GYR=GYR+XIR(J)*YM GYI=GYI+XII(J)*YM GO TO 600 608 XM=(S11-S12)*EPPI YM=(S21-S22)*EPPI GXR=GXR+QR(J)*XM GXI=GXI+QI(J)*XM GYR=GYR+QR(J)*YM GYI=GYI+QI(J)*YM 600 CONTINUE C ELIPSE BAKOITZAREN ARDATZ NAGUSIEN KALKULUA IF(ABS(YA).LE.YMUGA.AND.KB.EQ.1)GO TO 591 ECUA=GYR*GXR+GYI*GXI IF(ABS(ECUA).LE.ZMG)GO TO 599 ECUB=GXI*GXI-GYI*GYI+GXR*GXR-GYR*GYR ECUC=-ECUA TANA1=(-ECUB+SQRT(ECUB**2 -4.*ECUA*ECUC))/(2.*ECUA) TANA2=(-ECUB-SQRT(ECUB**2 -4.*ECUA*ECUC))/(2.*ECUA) A1=ATAN(TANA1) A2=ATAN(TANA2) 592 FA1=FUNK(GYI,GXI,GYR,GXR,A1) FA2=FUNK(GYI,GXI,GYR,GXR,A2) A11=A1*57.295779 A22=A2*57.295779 IF(FA1-FA2)502,501,501 501 F1=FA1*SQRT(2.) F2=FA2*SQRT(2.) A1=A11 A2=A22 GO TO 503 502 F1=FA2*SQRT(2.) F2=FA1*SQRT(2.) A1=A22 A2=A11 C ALDIUNEKO BALIOEN KALKULUA 503 GXR2=-GXI GYR2=-GYI G1M=SQRT(GXR *GXR +GYR *GYR )*SQRT(2.) G2M=SQRT(GXR2*GXR2+GYR2*GYR2)*SQRT(2.) G1D=0. IF(ABS(GYR ).GE.ZMG.OR.ABS(GXR ).GE.ZMG)G1D=ATAN2(GYR ,GXR )*RD G2D=0. IF(ABS(GYR2).GE.ZMG.OR.ABS(GXR2).GE.ZMG)G2D=ATAN2(GYR2,GXR2)*RD GXABS=SQRT(GXR*GXR+GXI*GXI) GYABS=SQRT(GYR*GYR+GYI*GYI) GXFAS=0. IF(ABS(GXR).GE.ZMG.OR.ABS(GXI).GE.ZMG)GXFAS=ATAN2(GXI,GXR)*RD GYFAS=ATAN2(GYI,GYR)*57.295779 IF(MOD(ILK,6).EQ.0)THEN WRITE(IDF,'(1X)') ILK=ILK+1 ENDIF ILK=ILK+1 !Idatzitako lerroen kopurua WRITE(IDF,987)XA,GXABS,GXFAS,GYABS,GYFAS,F1,A1,F2,A2,G1M,G1D, 1 G2M,G2D 987 FORMAT(1H ,F7.2,6(2X,1PE9.3,0PF8.2)) !OOJP-20260216 lehen 1PE9.2 GO TO 500 C MEZU23='-RAKO EMAITZAK EZ DIRA ESANGURATSUAK' 504 WRITE(IDF,985)XA,TRIM(MEZU21(IZK)),XA,TRIM(MEZU22(IZK)),YA, 1 MEZU23(IZK) 985 FORMAT(1H ,F7.2,2X,A,F6.2,A,F6.2,A) ILK=ILK+1 GO TO 500 C MEZU24='BEGIRATU IA EROALEEN TENTSIOAK EDO INTENTSITATEAK SARTU DIREN' 599 WRITE(IDF,984)MEZU24(IZK) 984 FORMAT(1H ///10X,A///) IF(KB-1)103,103,99 591 GXR=0. GXI=0. A1=90./57.295779 A2= 0. GO TO 592 500 CONTINUE 200 CONTINUE 103 IF(IMAG)99,99,100 100 CONTINUE 99 IF(L.LT.1.OR.NYG.GT.LIM1.OR.NXG.GT.LIM2)GO TO 98 XA=XASI-XGEI DO 700 K=1,NXG+1 IF(KOPT.GT.0)GO TO 701 WRITE(IDF,995)KONFOR(IZK) !Konf. originala GO TO 702 701 WRITE(IDF,995)KONFBA(IZK) !Konf. baliokidea 702 XA=XA+XGEI WRITE(IDF,983)XA C 983 FORMAT(1H /34X,'POTENCIAL ELECTRICO A DIFERENTES ALTURAS PARA X=', C &F6.2,' M'///36X,'ALTURA VA.EF.POT. A.FAS.POT. VA.AC.POT C &.'/37X,'(M)',9X,'(KV)',11X,'(GS)',11X,'(KV)') 983 FORMAT(1H /34X,'POTENTZIAL ELEKTRIKOAK GARIAERA EZBERDINETAN (X=', &F6.2,' M)' &///36X,'GOIERA POT.BA.EF. POT.FAS.A. POT.UN.BA.' &/37X,'(M)',9X,'(KV)',11X,'(GS)',11X,'(KV)') YA=YASI-YGEI DO 700 I=1,NYG+1 YA=YA+YGEI IF(YA.LT.0.)GO TO 700 POTEN=(0.,0.) DO 800 J=1,N XD=XA-X(J) YH1=YA-Y(J) YH2=YA+Y(J) IF(ABS(XD).LT.XMUGA.AND.ABS(YH1).LT.XMUGA)GO TO 703 YH1=SQRT(XD*XD+YH1*YH1) YH2=SQRT(XD*XD+YH2*YH2) XD=EPPI*QR(J)*ALOG(YH2/YH1) YH1=EPPI*QI(J)*ALOG(YH2/YH1) 800 POTEN=POTEN+CMPLX(XD,YH1) XD=CABS(POTEN) C HURRENGO AGINDUA 1999.07.14.AN GEHITU ZEN, EMOITZAK EGOKITZEKO XD=XD*1000. IF(XD.LT.ZMG)GO TO 700 YH1=ATAN2(AIMAG(POTEN),REAL(POTEN)) YH2=XD*COS(YH1)*SQRT(2.) YH1=YH1*57.295779 WRITE(IDF,982)YA,XD,YH1,YH2 982 FORMAT(1H /35X,F6.2,3(6X,1PE9.2)) GO TO 700 703 WRITE(IDF,985)YA,XA,YA 700 CONTINUE 98 RETURN END C$ FORTY MAP,XREF,FDS GITRIX SUBROUTINE GITRIX(Z,L2,V,L4) PARAMETER (N1=32) DIMENSION Z(N1,N1),V(N1) L3=L2+1 L4=L2 DO 1 L=1,L2 L1=L3-L IF(V(L1)-10.E-6)2,2,4 2 L4=L1-1 DO 11 I=1,L4 DO 111 K=1,L4 111 Z(I,K)=Z(I,K)-Z(I,L1)/Z(L1,L1)*Z(L1,K) 11 CONTINUE 1 CONTINUE 4 RETURN END C$ FORTY MAP,XREF,FDS GMR FUNCTION GMR(IN,RA,D,IDL) C GMR = EROALE SORTA BATEN BATEZBESTEKO GEOMETRIKOKO ERRADIOA C IN = EROALE KOPURUA C RA = EROALE BATEN ERRADIOA C D = SORTAREN DIAMETROA EDO EROALEN ARTEKO DISTANTZIA C IDL = "D" ZER DEN ADIERAZTEKO ALDAGAIA IF(IN-2)1,22,2 2 IF(IDL)21,21,22 21 A=D/(2.*SIN(3.1415926/IN)) GO TO 3 22 A=D/2. 3 GMR=(IN*RA*A**(IN-1))**(1./IN) GO TO 4 1 GMR=RA 4 RETURN END C$ FORTY MAP,XREF,FDS IDATZG SUBROUTINE IDATZG(N,KOPT,IZK) C EROALEETAKO BATEZ BESTEKO POTENTZIAL GRADIENTEAK ETA C POTENTZIAL GRADIENTE HANDIENAK IDAZTEKO SUBRUTINA PARAMETER (N1=32) COMMON/BAT/QR,QI/BI/MULTZO,VR,VI,RA,D,IN,IDL COMMON/LAU/XGM(N1) COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU CHARACTER*25 KONFOR(2),KONFBA(2),POTGR1(2)*32,POTGR2(2)*60 1,MAXP1(2)*35,MAXP2(2)*19,KAP1(2)*27,KAP2(2)*19 COMMON /HZDATZ/ KONFOR,KONFBA,POTGR1,POTGR2,MAXP1,MAXP2,KAP1,KAP2 REAL MULTZO(N1,N1),VR(N1),VI(N1),QR(N1),QI(N1),RA(N1),D(N1) INTEGER IN(N1),IDL(N1) M=N CALL BITRIX(MULTZO,M,M,VR,M,1,QR) CALL BITRIX(MULTZO,M,M,VI,M,1,QI) CALL IZENBU IF(KOPT)1,1,2 1 WRITE(IDF,601)KONFOR(IZK) 601 FORMAT(1H ///49X,A) GO TO 3 2 WRITE(IDF,602)KONFBA(IZK) 602 FORMAT(1H ///49X,A) C POTGR1='POTENTZIAL GRADIENTEA EROALEETAN' 3 WRITE(IDF,603)POTGR1(IZK),POTGR2(IZK) 603 FORMAT(1H /45X,A32///27X,A60) DO 4 I=1,N Q=QR(I)*QR(I)+QI(I)*QI(I) Q=SQRT(Q) XGR=18.E4*Q/(RA(I)*IN(I)) IF(IN(I)-1)2001,45,44 45 XGRM=XGR GO TO 43 44 IF(IDL(I))2001,41,42 41 XGRM=XGR*(1+(IN(I)-1)*RA(I)*2./D(I)*SIN(3.1415927/IN(I))) GO TO 43 42 XGRM=XGR*(1+(IN(I)-1)*RA(I)*2./D(I)) 43 XGM(I)=XGRM WRITE(IDF,643)I,Q,XGR,XGRM 643 FORMAT(1H /(28X,I2,5X,E15.8,4X,2(2PE15.6,4X))) 4 CONTINUE 2001 RETURN END C$ FORTY MAP,XREF,FDS IDATZM SUBROUTINE IDATZM(PC,L2,KOPT,K,IZK) PARAMETER (N1=32) DIMENSION PC(N1,N1) COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU CHARACTER*25 KONFOR(2),KONFBA(2),POTGR1(2)*32,POTGR2(2)*60 1,MAXP1(2)*35,MAXP2(2)*19,KAP1(2)*27,KAP2(2)*19 COMMON /HZDATZ/ KONFOR,KONFBA,POTGR1,POTGR2,MAXP1,MAXP2,KAP1,KAP2 IF(KOPT)1,1,2 1 WRITE(IDF,601)KONFOR(IZK) 601 FORMAT(1H ///30X,A) GO TO 3 2 WRITE(IDF,602)KONFBA(IZK) 602 FORMAT(1H ///30X,A) 3 IF(K-1)7,4,5 C 4 WRITE(IDF,604) C 604 FORMAT(1H /25X,36HMAXWELL-EN POTENTZIAL KOEFIZIENTEAK, / C &32X,19H( METRO FARADIOKO )) 4 WRITE(IDF,604)MAXP1(IZK),MAXP2(IZK) 604 FORMAT(1H /25X,A,/32X,A) GO TO 6 C 5 WRITE(IDF,605) C 605 FORMAT(1H /36X,12HKAPAZITATEAK,/32X,19H( FARADIO METROKO )) 5 WRITE(IDF,605)KAP1(IZK),KAP2(IZK) 605 FORMAT(1H /29X,A,/32X,A) 6 L3=L2 CALL ATARA(PC,L3) 7 RETURN END C$ FORTY MAP,XREF,FDS INTRIX SUBROUTINE INTRIX(A,KA,LCK,ND,*) C A MATRIZEA ALDERANTZIKATZEKO AZPIERRUTINA C20041023 DIMENSION A(ND, 1),LCK(ND) DIMENSION A(ND, ND),LCK(ND) COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU DO 1 I=1,KA 1 LCK(I)=0 DO 2 I=1,KA AMAX=0. DO 21 K=1,KA IF(AMAX-ABS(A(K,K)))211,21,21 211 IF(LCK(K))212,212,21 212 L=K AMAX=ABS(A(K,K)) 21 CONTINUE IF(ABS(AMAX)-10.E-6)1001,1001,22 22 LCK(L)=1 DIV=A(L,L) A(L,L)=1. DO 23 J=1,KA 23 A(L,J)=A(L,J)/DIV DO 24 J=1,KA IF(L-J)241,24,241 241 EAJ=A(J,L) A(J,L)=0. DO 242 K=1,KA 242 A(J,K)=A(J,K)-A(L,K)*EAJ 24 CONTINUE 2 CONTINUE RETURN 1001 WRITE(IDT,999)I,L,L 999 FORMAT(1H /9X,'INTRIX,',I3,1H(,I2,1H,,I2,') ARDATZA TXIKIEGIA DA') RETURN 1 END C$ FORTY MAP,XREF,FDS PMAXW SUBROUTINE PMAXW(L2,X,Y,IN,RA,D,IDL,P) C MAXWELL-EN "P" POTENTZIAL KOEFIZIENTEAK KALKULATZEKO SUBRUTINA PARAMETER (N1=32) DIMENSION X(N1),Y(N1),IN(N1),RA(N1),D(N1),IDL(N1),P(N1,N1) DO 1 I=1,L2 X1=2.*Y(I) X3=GMR(IN(I),RA(I),D(I),IDL(I)) P(I,I)=18.E9*ALOG(X1/X3) J1=I+1 IF(L2-J1)1,3,3 3 DO 2 J=J1,L2 X1=X(I)-X(J) X1=X1*X1 X2=Y(I)+Y(J) X3=Y(I)-Y(J) X2=SQRT(X1+X2*X2) X3=SQRT(X1+X3*X3) P(I,J)=18.E9*ALOG(X2/X3) P(J,I)=P(I,J) 2 CONTINUE 1 CONTINUE RETURN END SUBROUTINE IZENBU CHARACTER EGUNA*10,IZENA*56,EUSK*5,EROA*15 DOUBLE PRECISION EXPE CHARACTER IZBR21(2)*7, IZBR22(2)*28,IZBR23(2)*15,IZBR24(2)*33 4,IZBR31(2)*22,IZBR32(2)*18,IZBR33(2)*54,IZBR34(2)*16,IZBR35(2)*8 5,IZBR36(2)*54,IZBR37(2)*16 COMMON /HZENBU/IZBR21,IZBR22,IZBR23,IZBR24 4 ,IZBR31,IZBR32,IZBR33,IZBR34,IZBR35,IZBR36,IZBR37 COMMON /IZENBN/ IZK,EXPE,NOZ,N,KT,TL,MOZ,NFL COMMON /IZENBC/ EGUNA,IZENA,EUSK,EROA COMMON /IRKIDT/ IRT,IDT,IRF,IDF,IDU NOZ=NOZ+1 IF(IZK-1)30,20,30 20 WRITE(IDF,620) NOZ,EGUNA,IZENA,TL,EXPE 620 FORMAT(1H1,5X,'ENPRESELEK,E.A.',87X,'ORRIALDE',I14/ 1 6X,'LINETAKO SAILA',88X,'DATA ',7X,A10/ 2 23X,A56,F5.0,'KV-EKO LINE ELEKTRIKOA',2X,'ESPEDIENTE',F12.2 ) GO TO 40 30 WRITE(IDF,630) NOZ,EGUNA,TL,IZENA,EXPE 630 FORMAT(1H1,5X,'ENPRESELEK,E.A.',87X,'PAGE',I18/ 1 6X,'LINES DIVISION',88X,'DATE',8X,A10/ 223X,'TRANSMISSION LINE OF ',F5.0,' KV ',A54 ,1X,'EXPEDIENT',F13.2) C IZBR23=' EUSKARRIZ ETA ',IZBR24=' EROALEZ EGINDAKO LINE ELEKTRIKOA' 40 IF(KT.EQ.1)WRITE(IDF,621)TRIM(IZBR21(IZK)),N 1,TRIM(IZBR22(IZK))//' '//TRIM(EUSK)//TRIM(IZBR23(IZK))// 2' '//TRIM(EROA)//TRIM(IZBR24(IZK)) 621 FORMAT(1H0, 5X,A,I3,T24,A) C IZBR31=' MUTUR ELIKATZAILEA ', IZBR32=' MUTUR ELIKATUA ' IF(KT.EQ.0)WRITE(IDF,622)IZBR31(IZK),IZBR32(IZK) 1, (IZBR33(IZK),I=1,2),IZBR34(IZK) 2,IZBR35(IZK),(IZBR36(IZK),I=1,2),IZBR37(IZK) 622 FORMAT(1H0, 9X,15('*'),A22,14('*'),3X,17('*'),A18,16('*')/ 1 2(' ***'),2(A54),1X,A/ A,2(A54),1X,A/ 2 2(' ***'),2(7X,'(KV)', 9X,'(KA)', 9X,'(MW)', 8X,'(MVAR)',3X) 3,3X,'(KV)',4X,'***' ///) RETURN END SUBROUTINE HIRUAT(IR,CAUX,*,*,*) CHARACTER CAUX*4 CJF READ (IR,'(A)',END=3) CAUX IF (CAUX.EQ.'***E'.OR.CAUX.EQ.'***e') RETURN1 IF (CAUX.EQ.'***P'.OR.CAUX.EQ.'***P') RETURN2 BACKSPACE IR RETURN 3 RETURN3 END C--+------------------------------------------------------ SUBROUTINE ZAINDU(ERA,IRF,IZK0) C Behinolako programaren erabilera-baimenak kontrolatzeko azpierrutinea C gaur egun kasu batzutan erabiliko den hizkuntza zein den jakiteko C baino ez da erabiltzen bertsio laburrean INTEGER ERA READ(IRF,'(20X,I5)') IZK0 RETURN END C--+------------------------------------------------ SUBROUTINE HIZKUN C Hizkuntzen araberako kateak definitzeko; C bi hizkuntzatarako dimentsionatuta CHARACTER CHL*132 CHARACTER*25 KONFOR(2),KONFBA(2),POTGR1(2)*32,POTGR2(2)*60 1,MAXP1(2)*35,MAXP2(2)*19,KAP1(2)*27,KAP2(2)*19 COMMON /HZDATZ/ KONFOR,KONFBA,POTGR1,POTGR2,MAXP1,MAXP2,KAP1,KAP2 CHARACTER POTEL1(2)*48,POTEL2(2)*50 1,ERMAG1(2)*28,ERMAG2(2)*15,ERMAG3(2)*122,ERMAG4(2)*19,ERMAG5(2)*19 2,ERELE1(2)*25,ERELE2(2)*15,ERELE3(2)*121,ERELE4(2)*19,ERELE5(2)*19 3,MEZU21(2)*15,MEZU22(2)*7, MEZU23(2)*36, MEZU24(2)*74 COMMON /HZREMU/ POTEL1,POTEL2 1 ,ERMAG1,ERMAG2,ERMAG3,ERMAG4,ERMAG5 2 ,ERELE1,ERELE2,ERELE3,ERELE4,ERELE5 3 ,MEZU21,MEZU22,MEZU23,MEZU24 CHARACTER IZBR21(2)*7, IZBR22(2)*28,IZBR23(2)*15,IZBR24(2)*33 1,IZBR31(2)*22,IZBR32(2)*18,IZBR33(2)*54,IZBR34(2)*16,IZBR35(2)*8 2,IZBR36(2)*54,IZBR37(2)*16 COMMON /HZENBU/IZBR21,IZBR22,IZBR23,IZBR24 1 ,IZBR31,IZBR32,IZBR33,IZBR34,IZBR35,IZBR36,IZBR37 CHARACTER IZBE21(2)*90,IZBE22(2)*46 COMMON /HZEPRO/IZBE21,IZBE22 CHARACTER ANOI11(2)*4, ANOI12(2)*72,ANOI21(2)*47,ANOI22(2)*54 1,ANOI23(2)*72,ANOI24(2)*26,ANOI25(2)*25,ANOI26(2)*23 COMMON /HZOISE/ ANOI11,ANOI12,ANOI21,ANOI22,ANOI23,ANOI24,ANOI25 1,ANOI26 KONFOR(1)='KONFIGURAZIO ORIGINALA' KONFOR(2)='ORIGINAL CONFIGURATION' KONFBA(1)='KONFIGURAZIO BALIOKIDEA' KONFBA(2)='EQUIVALENT CONFIGURATION' POTGR1(1)='POTENTZIAL GRADIENTEA EROALEETAN' POTGR1(2)='ELECTRIC FIELD ON THE CONDUCTORS' CHL='EROALE KARGA Q/M BB-GR KV/CM' POTGR2(1)=TRIM(CHL)//' GRMAX KV/CM' CHL='CONDUC. CHARGE Q/M GR.MV KV/CM' POTGR2(2)=TRIM(CHL)//' GRMAX KV/CM' MAXP1(1)='MAXWELL-EN POTENTZIAL KOEFIZIENTEAK' MAXP1(2)=" MAXWELL'S POTENTIAL COEFFICIENTS " MAXP2(1)='( METRO FARADEKO )' MAXP2(2)='( METRE PER FARAD )' KAP1(1)='KAPAZITANTZIA-KOEFIZIENTEAK' KAP1(2)='CAPACITANCE COEFFICIENTS' !EPRI'S TLRB345kV(1975) pag.94 KAP2(1)=' ( FARAD METROKO )' KAP2(2)='( FARAD PER METRE )' ERMAG1(1)='INDUKZIO MAGNETIKOA LURRETIK' ERMAG1(2)='MAGNETIC INDUCTION' ERMAG2(1)=' M-RA' ERMAG2(2)=' M ABOVE GROUND' CHL='DIST. INDUK.HORIZONTALA INDUK.BERTIKALA' CHL=TRIM(CHL)//' INDUK.MAXIMOA INDUK.MINIMOA' CHL=TRIM(CHL)//' UNEKO INDUK. INDUK. 90 G GEROAGO' ERMAG3(1)=TRIM(CHL) CHL='DIST. INDUC.HORIZONTAL INDUC.VERTICAL' CHL=TRIM(CHL)//' MAXIM.INDUC. MINIM.INDUC.' CHL=TRIM(CHL)//' PRESENT INDUC. INDUC. 90 G LAT.' ERMAG3(2)=TRIM(CHL) ERMAG4(1)=' MOD.TESLA ARG.G ' ERMAG4(2)=' MOD.TESLA ARG.G ' ERMAG5(1)=' MAG.TESLA DIR.G ' ERMAG5(2)=' MAG.TESLA DIR.G ' ERELE1(1)='EREMU ELEKTRIKOA LURRETIK' ERELE1(2)='ELECTRIC FIELD' ERELE2(1)=' M-RA' ERELE2(2)=' M ABOVE GROUND' CHL='DIST. EREMU HORIZONTALA EREMU BERTIKALA' CHL=TRIM(CHL)//' EREMU MAXIMOA EREMU MINIMOA' CHL=TRIM(CHL)//' UNEKO EREMUA EREMUA 90 G GEROAGO' ERELE3(1)=TRIM(CHL) CHL='DIST. HORIZONTAL FIELD VERTICAL FIELD' CHL=TRIM(CHL)//' MAXIMUM FIELD MINIMUM FIELD' CHL=TRIM(CHL)//' PRESENT FIELD FIELD 90 G LATER' ERELE3(2)=TRIM(CHL) ERELE4(1)=' MOD.KV/M ARG.G ' ERELE4(2)=' MOD.KV/M ARG.G ' ERELE5(1)=' MAG.KV/M DIR.G ' ERELE5(2)=' MAG.KV/M DIR.G ' MEZU21(1)=' X=' MEZU21(2)=' RESULTS FOR X=' MEZU22(1)=' ETA Y=' MEZU22(2)=' AND Y=' MEZU23(1)='-RAKO EMAITZAK EZ DIRA ESANGURATSUAK' MEZU23(2)=' ARE NOT SIGNIFICATIV' CHL='BEGIRATU IA EROALEEN TENTSIOAK EDO INTENTSITATEAK SARTU' MEZU24(1)=TRIM(CHL)//' DIREN' CHL='CHECK IF THE VOLTAGES AND CURRENTS OF ALL THE CONDUCTORS' MEZU24(2)=TRIM(CHL)//' HAVE BEEN DEFINED' POTEL1(1)='POTENTZIAL ELEKTRIKOAK GARIAERA EZBERDINETAN (X=' POTEL1(2)='ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL AT DIFFERENT HEIGHTS (X=' POTEL2(1)='GOIERA POT.BA.EF. POT.FAS.A. POT.UN.BA.' POTEL2(2)='HEIGHT POT.VA.EF. POT.PHA.A. POT.UN.BA.' IZBR21(1)='ZATI' IZBR21(2)='SECTION' IZBR22(1)=' ' IZBR22(2)='TRANSMISSION LINE BUILT WITH' IZBR23(1)=' EUSKARRIZ ETA' IZBR23(2)=' STRUCTURES AND' IZBR24(1)=' EROALEZ EGINDAKO LINE ELEKTRIKOA' IZBR24(2)=' CONDUCTORS' IZBR31(1)=' MUTUR ELIKATZAILEA ' IZBR31(2)=' SENDING END ' IZBR32(1)=' MUTUR ELIKATUA ' IZBR32(2)=' RECEIVING END ' IZBR33(1)=' TENTSIO LINETAKO POTENTZIA POTENTZIA ' IZBR33(2)=' EQUIV. LINE LINE ACTIVE REACTIVE ' IZBR34(1)='TENTSIO- ***' IZBR34(2)='VOLTAGE ***' IZBR35(1)=' ZIR FAS' IZBR35(2)=' CIR PHA' IZBR36(1)=' KONPOSATU B. INTENTSITATEA ERAGINKOR. BERRERAGINK.' IZBR36(2)=' VOLTAGE INTENSITY POWER POWER ' IZBR37(1)='JAUSKERA E I' IZBR37(2)=' DROP E I' CHL='****************** SARRERAKO DATUAK, AZTERTUTAKO LI' IZBE21(1)=TRIM(CHL)//'NEAREN EZAUGARRIAK ******************' CHL='*************************** INPUT DATA, LINE CHARAC' IZBE21(2)=TRIM(CHL)//'TERISTICS ***************************' IZBE22(1)='ER.KOP. FNCY RHO PC AN CE CM PL' IZBE22(2)='CON.NUM. FNCY RHO PC AN CE CM PL' ANOI11(1)=' ' ANOI11(2)=' THE' CHL=' EROALEA (LUR KABLEA) EZ DA KONTUAN HARTZEN' ANOI12(1)=TRIM(CHL)//' EROALE HEZEKO KASUAN ' CHL=' CONDUCTOR (GROUND WIRE) NOT CONSIDERED' ANOI12(2)=TRIM(CHL)//' FOR THE WET CONDUCTOR CONDITION' ANOI21(1)='PRESIO AKUSTIKOAREN ZEHARKAKO PROFILA, LURRETIK' ANOI21(2)='SOUND PRESSURE, LATERAL PROFILE' ANOI22(1)=' M-RA N/M2 ETA 20 MICRON/M2-REN GAINEKO DB-TAN' ANOI22(2)=' M ABOVE THE GROUND, IN N/M2 AND DB ABOVE 20 MICRON/M2' CHL=' DIST. ******* BANDA ZABALEKO ZARATA ALEATORIOAREN' ANOI23(1)=TRIM(CHL)//' MAILA *******' CHL=' DIST. ************** BROADBAND RANDOM NOISE LEVEL' ANOI23(2)=TRIM(CHL)//' *************' ANOI24(1)='100 HZ-EKO ZARATAREN MAILA' ANOI24(2)=' 100 HZ HUM NOISE LEVEL ' ANOI25(1)='**** EURITE GOGORRAK ****' ANOI25(2)='****** HEAVY RAIN *****' ANOI26(1)='**** EROALE HEZEAK ****' ANOI26(2)='**** WET CONDUCTOR ****' RETURN END </source> {{shelves|Electrical engineering}} 5mt9tsj6y7syvo0n6wqrhtu3t7z2icb 102 482053 4634540 4629107 2026-05-07T07:26:00Z SnappyDragonPennyroyal 3463904 4634540 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOTOC__ {{Recipe}} {{recipesummary | Category = Beverages | Yield = >8 ounces (251 ml) syrup | Servings = 5 | Time = 30 minutes | Rating = | Energy = 80 kcal/100 g | Difficulty = 2 }} '''Cola''' is a type of soda that flavored with [[Cookbook:Citrus|citrus]] and [[Cookbook:Herbs and Spices|spices]]. The word "cola" derives from kola nuts, a plant originating in West Africa and originally used as a source of caffeine to make this soda. Most modern recipes do not contain kola nuts. This recipe is derived from a LabCoatz video where he tries to replicate modern Coca-Cola through mass spectrometry.<ref>{{Citation |last=LabCoatz |title=Perfectly Replicating Coca Cola (It Took Me A Year) |date=2026-01-08 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDkH3EbWTYc |access-date=2026-03-14}}</ref> Note that consuming high levels of caffeine can be very dangerous. If you are scaling the recipe up or down, make sure you scale the caffeine accordingly so that the per-serving caffeine amount stays the same or is lower. Absolutely do not use more than triple the listed proportion of caffeine. ==Ingredients== '''Flavor solution A:''' * 1 drop [[Cookbook:Coriander|coriander]] oil * 1 drop fenchol * 2 drops [[Cookbook:Orange|orange]] oil * 4 drops [[Cookbook:Nutmeg|nutmeg]] oil * 7 drops cassia oil * 12 drops tea tree oil (optional, read important warning below) * 61 drops [[Cookbook:Lime|lime]] oil * 76 drops [[Cookbook:Lemon|lemon]] oil * 50 ml 150+ proof unflavored [[Cookbook:Spirits|spirit]] or a mixture of 25 ml water with 25 ml gum arabic '''Flavor solution B:''' * 0.08 g wine tannins * 0.0965 g caffeine (optional) * 0.1 ml or 2 drops vanilla extract * 0.1 ml or 2 drops 5% vinegar * 0.45 ml or 9 drops 85% phosphoric acid * 1.75 g glycerin * 3.2 ml or 64 drops caramel color '''Syrup:''' * ½ cup (120 ml) [[Cookbook:Sugar|white sugar]] * ½ cup (120 ml) water * [[Cookbook:Carbonated Water|Carbonated water]], as needed == Procedure == # Mix the oils in flavor solution A in a container. # Transfer 1 ml of flavor solution A into another container and dilute it with the spirit or gum arabic water. # Mix flavor solution B in a third container. # Combine 1 ml of the finished flavor solution A, 10 ml of flavor solution B, the white sugar, and the water to make the syrup. # To make the finished soda, combine 1 volume of syrup with 5 volumes of carbonated water. == Notes, tips, and variations == * Tea tree oil is very dangerous in large quantities. Do not, under any circumstances, increase the proportion of tea tree oil in your beverage. You may choose to omit it as it is a minor ingredient. * Use a clean eye dropper to measure drops. Do not use a pipette, an eye dropper previously used for dispensing medication, or a spoon to measure drops. * Use water from a carbonating machine or a brand of pure carbonated water such as Polar Original Sparkling Water, Great Value Seltzer Water, or Signature Select Seltzer Water. Do not use a brand of mineral water such as Perrier, San Pellegrino, or Mineragua because the added minerals will ruin the taste. Avoid flavored sparkling water such as La Croix or Spindrift because the preexisting fruit flavors will ruin the drink. * You can make cherry cola by adding 1 tsp (5 ml) of cherry extract in step 4. * You can make vanilla cola by adding an additional teaspoon (5 ml) of vanilla extract in step 4. [[Category:Duplicate recipes]] [[Category:Recipes for soda pop]] [[Category:Recipes using caffeine]] [[Category:Recipes using carbonated water]] [[Category:Recipes using cinnamon]] [[Category:Recipes using coriander]] [[Category:Recipes using glycerin]] [[Category:Recipes using gum arabic]] [[Category:Recipes using lemon]] [[Category:Recipes using lime juice]] [[Category:Recipes using neroli]] [[Category:Recipes using nutmeg]] [[Category:Recipes using phosphoric acid]] [[Category:Recipes using orange]] [[Category:Recipes using vanilla]] [[Category:Recipes using vinegar]] [[Category:Recipes using white sugar]] ld2cdmn67g8nlj8zu9efo1jy00m11pk 4634541 4634540 2026-05-07T07:27:04Z SnappyDragonPennyroyal 3463904 4634541 wikitext text/x-wiki __NOTOC__ {{Recipe}} {{recipesummary | Category = Beverages | Yield = >8 ounces (251 ml) syrup | Servings = 5 | Time = 30 minutes | Rating = | Energy = 80 kcal/100 g | Difficulty = 2 }} '''Cola''' is a type of soda that flavored with [[Cookbook:Citrus|citrus]] and [[Cookbook:Herbs and Spices|spices]]. The word "cola" derives from kola nuts, a plant originating in West Africa and originally used as a source of caffeine to make this soda. Most modern recipes do not contain kola nuts. This recipe is derived from a LabCoatz video where he tries to replicate modern Coca-Cola through mass spectrometry.<ref>{{Citation |last=LabCoatz |title=Perfectly Replicating Coca Cola (It Took Me A Year) |date=2026-01-08 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDkH3EbWTYc |access-date=2026-03-14}}</ref> Note that consuming high levels of caffeine can be very dangerous. If you are scaling the recipe up or down, make sure you scale the caffeine accordingly so that the per-serving caffeine amount stays the same or is lower. Absolutely do not use more than triple the listed proportion of caffeine. ==Ingredients== '''Flavor solution A:''' * 1 drop [[Cookbook:Coriander|coriander]] oil * 1 drop fenchol * 2 drops [[Cookbook:Orange|orange]] oil * 4 drops [[Cookbook:Nutmeg|nutmeg]] oil * 7 drops cassia oil * 12 drops tea tree oil (optional, read important warning below) * 61 drops [[Cookbook:Lime|lime]] oil * 76 drops [[Cookbook:Lemon|lemon]] oil * 50 ml 150+ proof unflavored [[Cookbook:Spirits|spirit]] or a mixture of 25 ml water with 25 ml gum arabic '''Flavor solution B:''' * 0.08 g wine tannins * 0.0965 g caffeine (optional) * 0.1 ml or 2 drops vanilla extract * 0.1 ml or 2 drops 5% vinegar * 0.45 ml or 9 drops 85% phosphoric acid * 1.75 g glycerin * 3.2 ml or 64 drops caramel color * 10 ml water '''Syrup:''' * ½ cup (120 ml) [[Cookbook:Sugar|white sugar]] * ½ cup (120 ml) water * [[Cookbook:Carbonated Water|Carbonated water]], as needed == Procedure == # Mix the oils in flavor solution A in a container. # Transfer 1 ml of flavor solution A into another container and dilute it with the spirit or gum arabic water. # Mix flavor solution B in a third container. # Combine 1 ml of the finished flavor solution A, all of flavor solution B, the white sugar, and the water to make the syrup. # To make the finished soda, combine 1 volume of syrup with 5 volumes of carbonated water. == Notes, tips, and variations == * Tea tree oil is very dangerous in large quantities. Do not, under any circumstances, increase the proportion of tea tree oil in your beverage. You may choose to omit it as it is a minor ingredient. * Use a clean eye dropper to measure drops. Do not use a pipette, an eye dropper previously used for dispensing medication, or a spoon to measure drops. * Use water from a carbonating machine or a brand of pure carbonated water such as Polar Original Sparkling Water, Great Value Seltzer Water, or Signature Select Seltzer Water. Do not use a brand of mineral water such as Perrier, San Pellegrino, or Mineragua because the added minerals will ruin the taste. Avoid flavored sparkling water such as La Croix or Spindrift because the preexisting fruit flavors will ruin the drink. * You can make cherry cola by adding 1 tsp (5 ml) of cherry extract in step 4. * You can make vanilla cola by adding an additional teaspoon (5 ml) of vanilla extract in step 4. [[Category:Duplicate recipes]] [[Category:Recipes for soda pop]] [[Category:Recipes using caffeine]] [[Category:Recipes using carbonated water]] [[Category:Recipes using cinnamon]] [[Category:Recipes using coriander]] [[Category:Recipes using glycerin]] [[Category:Recipes using gum arabic]] [[Category:Recipes using lemon]] [[Category:Recipes using lime juice]] [[Category:Recipes using neroli]] [[Category:Recipes using nutmeg]] [[Category:Recipes using phosphoric acid]] [[Category:Recipes using orange]] [[Category:Recipes using vanilla]] [[Category:Recipes using vinegar]] [[Category:Recipes using white sugar]] m4nz9nyq92bcdrv1qzcd7ogn45jcofj 3 482465 4634452 4634215 2026-05-06T16:41:18Z ~2026-21296-62 3574173 /* I have added a tag to a page you created 2 */ Reply 4634452 wikitext text/x-wiki == I have added a tag to a page you created == Hi! I'm MathXplore, and I recently reviewed your page, [[:America's voice/The Scope of the Book]]. I have added a tag to the page, because it <strong>may meet the [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy#Speedy deletions|criteria for speedy deletion]].</strong> This means that it can be deleted at any time. The reason I provided was: <blockquote><strong>Test page</strong></blockquote> If you believe that your page should not be deleted, please post a message on [[Talk:America&#39;s voice/The Scope of the Book|the page's talk page]] explaining why. <strong>If your reasoning is convincing, your page may be saved.</strong> If you have any questions or concerns, please [[User talk:MathXplore|let me know]]. Thank you! <!-- Substituted from User:JJPMaster/CurateThisPage/authorMsg --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:43, 7 April 2026 (UTC) :Itis not a test page anymore [[Special:Contributions/&#126;2026-21296-62|&#126;2026-21296-62]] ([[User talk:&#126;2026-21296-62|talk]]) 17:33, 11 April 2026 (UTC) == I have added a tag to a page you created == Hi! I'm MathXplore, and I recently reviewed your page, [[:US History/Keywords9]]. I have added a tag to the page, because it <strong>looks like it was created as a test.</strong> If you have any questions or concerns, please [[User talk:MathXplore|let me know]]. Thank you! <!-- Substituted from User:JJPMaster/CurateThisPage/authorMsg --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 02:34, 5 May 2026 (UTC) :Sort of a test [[Special:Contributions/&#126;2026-21296-62|&#126;2026-21296-62]] ([[User talk:&#126;2026-21296-62|talk]]) 16:41, 6 May 2026 (UTC) 27hffdndc0pyvzk4x8cxgkg2vwkurms 2 482670 4634507 4633238 2026-05-06T20:19:16Z JKuroha 3516066 Replaced content with "{{db|author}}" 4634507 wikitext text/x-wiki {{db|author}} 3yhrab4soiqeq1bp3x286rrj03qlibb 4 482705 4634542 4633504 2026-05-07T08:10:14Z ArchiverBot 1227662 Bot: Archiving 2 threads from [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance]] 4634542 wikitext text/x-wiki {{talk archive}} == Edit request for protected page == Hi, could an admin edit [[Template:Cite map]] and change ''<nowiki>ISBN {{{isbn}}}</nowiki>'' into ''<nowiki>{{#isbn:{{{isbn}}}}}</nowiki>'' ? The old magic links are deprecated and will one day be removed from the software. [[User:Jcb|Jcb]] ([[User talk:Jcb|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jcb|contribs]]) 11:56, 30 March 2026 (UTC) :Are there active admins at this project? [[User:Jcb|Jcb]] ([[User talk:Jcb|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jcb|contribs]]) 12:54, 5 April 2026 (UTC) :: {{done|Implemented}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 13:37, 5 April 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you! [[User:Jcb|Jcb]] ([[User talk:Jcb|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jcb|contribs]]) 13:52, 5 April 2026 (UTC) == ~2026-20986-08 reported by MathXplore == * {{userlinks|~2026-20986-08}} Spam <!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-20986-08/ --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:54, 6 April 2026 (UTC) : {{done}} by Ternera (GS). 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[[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 12:50, 22 April 2026 (UTC) le7qni1simgbit3ry1v243i3gzw3dra 10 482739 4634463 4631784 2026-05-06T17:40:34Z Codename Noreste 3441010 + mw-parser-output. 4634463 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Template:Edittools/styles.css" /><div class="mw-parser-output"><div id="mw-edittools-charinsert" class="mw-charinsert-buttons" title="Click on the wanted special character."> <p class="mw-edittools-section" data-section-title="Standard"> <charinsert>{{+}} {{{+}}}</charinsert> <charinsert>{{BookCat}}</charinsert> <charinsert>[[Category:+]]</charinsert> <charinsert>[[Media:+]]</charinsert> <charinsert>--~~~~</charinsert> <br /> <charinsert><nowiki><math>+</math></nowiki></charinsert> <charinsert><includeonly>+</includeonly></charinsert> <charinsert><noinclude>+</noinclude></charinsert> <charinsert><blockquote><ref>+</ref></blockquote></charinsert> <charinsert>&lt;!--+--></charinsert> <br /> <charinsert><nowiki>{{BOOKNAME}}</nowiki></charinsert> <charinsert>{{FULLPAGENAME}}</charinsert> <charinsert>{{NAMESPACE}}</charinsert> <charinsert>{{PAGENAME}}</charinsert> <charinsert>{{SUBPAGENAME}}</charinsert> <br /> <charinsert>← → ↑ ↓ ↖ ↗ ↘ ↙ ↔ ⇐ ⇑ ⇒ ⇓ ⇔</charinsert> <charinsert>✓ ✗ ♀ ♂ ± − × ÷ ⋅ √ ≠ ≤ ≥ ≡ ∼ ≈ ∞ ∅ § © ® ™ ‿</charinsert> <charinsert>‘+’ ‹+› ‚+‘</charinsert> </p> <p class="mw-edittools-section" data-section-title="Latin"> <charinsert>Ȝ ȝ ʻ</charinsert> </p> <p class="mw-edittools-section" data-section-title="Arabic"> <span dir="rtl" style="font-size:120%;"> <charinsert>ﺍ ﺑ ﺗ ﺛ ﺟ ﺣ ﺧ ﺩ ﺫ ﺭ ﺯ ﺳ ﺷ ﺻ ﺿ ﻃ ﻇ ﻋ ﻏ ﻓ ﻗ ﻛ ﻟ ﻣ ﻧ ﻫ ﻭ ﻳ</charinsert><br /> <charinsert>ﺒ ﺘ ﺜ ﺠ ﺤ ﺨ ﺪ ﺬ ﺮ ﺰ ﺴ ﺸ ﺼ ﻀ ﻄ ﻈ ﻌ ﻐ ﻔ ﻘ ﻜ ﻠ ﻤ ﻨ ﻬ ﻮ ﻴ</charinsert><br /> <charinsert>ﭪ ﺎ ﺐ ﺖ ﺚ ﺞ ﺢ ﺦ ﺲ ﺶ ﺺ ﺾ ﻂ ﻆ ﻊ ﻎ ﻒ ﻖ ﻚ ﻞ ﻢ ﻦ ﻪ ﻲ</charinsert><br /> <charinsert>-ء ّ- ْ- ً- ِ-</charinsert></span> </p> </div></div><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 7ozescddq8uqfs0uv1ch0dngzzpvhe4 0 482817 4634444 4634370 2026-05-06T14:52:00Z Idavidmiller 3577687 4634444 wikitext text/x-wiki == Getting Used to Maxima By Way of an Example of Use == The examples that follows are presented for the purpose of providing some beginning perspective, and hopefully some motivation to make the effort to get familiar with how Maxima works. The task at hand is relevant in the context of aerodynamics and aviation. The specific goal is to find the dynamic pressure at a true airspeed (VTAS) of 200 ft/s at sea level. Dynamic pressure <math display="inline">q</math> is calculated using the expression:<math display="block">q = \rho V^2/2</math>Where: * <math>q</math> = dynamic pressure lbf/ft² (pounds of force per square foot) * <math display="inline">\rho</math> = air density (at sea level is 0.0023769) slugs/ft³ * <math>V</math> = true airspeed in feet per second (ft/s). British Engineering units are used in this context to avoid multiple conversions due to the units used. It is better to convert in the end if necessary in this case. '''Note:''' The appearance of the following Maxima examples may vary depending on Unicode support in the version of Maxima being used and the Maxima user interface -- UI. The Maxima examples used in this book are from the ''wxMaxima'' GUI unless noted otherwise, and a version of Maxima with Unicode support. First, enter the Maxima expression for dynamic pressure q:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i1) q : 1/2*\ρ*V^2; (q) (V^2*ρ)/2 </syntaxhighlight>This Maxima expression uses the colon character to assign the expression for dynamic pressure to the identifier q. The identifier q is now simply a name for an expression. The equal sign ( = ) is not used for this operation in Maxima as is the case with some programming languages. This Maxima line of a input expression ends with a semicolon ( ; ) character. Each line of input must end with a semicolon or the dollar sign character ( $ ), the use of which will be described later. Next, enter an assignment expression for the numerical value of the air density at sea level:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i2) \ρ : 0.0023769; (ρ) 0.0023769</syntaxhighlight>Density ρ is in the units of slugs per cubic foot - slugs/ft³. With this next input expression, Maxima is asked to evaluate q. This is accomplished by two single quotation marks placed before q as shown next:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i3) ''q; (%o3) 0.0033855446120918224*VTAS^2 </syntaxhighlight> The output indicates that q depends on VTAS -- true airspeed. The goal is to evaluate q, if VTAS = 200 ft/s is true. One way to do that is with the following Maxima expression:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i4) ''q, VTAS = 200; (%o4) 135.42178448367287 </syntaxhighlight>The result is about 135 pounds of force per square foot. There is another way to accomplish this that may be somewhat more convenient for determining sea level dynamic pressure given true airspeed. First, assign the Maxima floating point literal value of 0.0033855446120918224 to an identifier named <code>c</code> as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i5) c : 0.0033855446120918224; (c) 0.0033855446120918224</syntaxhighlight>Next, enter<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i6) q(VTAS) := c*VTAS^2; (%o6) q(VTAS):=c*VTAS^2 </syntaxhighlight><syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i7) q(200); (%o7) 135.4217844836729 </syntaxhighlight>This result is limited to sea level density. That does not make the result of no practical use. This relationship, or something similar is, used to calibrate aircraft airspeed indicators to display indicated airspeed (IAS) in the cockpit. However, it might be the case that it is necessary to determine the dynamic pressure at other altitudes besides sea level. In the standard atmosphere model, air density is a function of altitude (h), and is defined piece-wise based on the atmospheric layer. The density is derived from the Ideal Gas Law: <math>P = \rho R T</math> where in British Engineering units: * <math>\rho</math> ‒ is density in slugs/ft³ * <math>P</math> ‒ is pressure in lbf/ft² * <math>T</math>‒ is temperature in °R (Rankine) * <math>R</math> ‒ is the specific gas constant (for dry air) approximately 1716.56 (ft·lbf)/(slug·°R) <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i8) P = \ρ*R*T; (%o8) P=RTρ </syntaxhighlight>The backslash character ( <code>\</code> ) in front of the character for <math>\rho</math> in the input expression allows an identifier to use Unicode. This makes for some nicer looking output. This is a Maxima mathematical equation expression. This equation can be solved for <math>\rho</math> as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i9) solve(%,\ρ); (%o58) [ρ=P/(R*T)]</syntaxhighlight>The Maxima built-in identifier <code>%</code> names the last output expression.The output of this expression is a Maxima list object with the only instance being the equation expression solved for <math>\rho</math>. Depending on the expression, the <code>solve()</code> operation may result in more than one solution expression. Maxima creates a list object for one or more solution expressions. This solution equation expression can be accessed as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i10) %[1]; (%o10) ρ=P/(R*T) </syntaxhighlight>The value of this expression is obtained by referencing the first (and only) solution of the Maxima list object of solutions ‒ <code>[ρ=P*R*T]</code>. The reference is obtained by use of the <code>[1]</code> index syntax as shown. There are other ways Maxima can be used to accomplish the same result: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i11) igl : P = \ρ*R*T; (igl) P=R*T*ρ</syntaxhighlight>In this case the expression for the ideal gas law was assigned an identifier <code>igl</code>. The advantage to this sort of assignment is that the equation can be referred to using the identifier as follows for example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i12) solve(igl,\ρ); (%o12) [ρ=P/(R*T)] </syntaxhighlight>The identifier <code>igl</code> can be used at any point to refer to the equation expression: <code>P = \ρ*R*T)</code>. An assignment operator can also be used to assign the identifier <code>solution</code> to an expression. For example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i13) solve(igl,\ρ); (%o13) [ρ=P/(R*T)] (%i14) solution : solve(igl,\ρ); (solution) [ρ=P/(R*T)] (%i15) solve(solution,P)[1]; (%o15) P=R*T*ρ</syntaxhighlight>The last input and output expression might be somewhat of a "head-scratcher" at first glance, but it is worthwhile to understand how Maxima works in this case. The identifier solution names an expression that uses the <code>solve()</code> operator on the identifier <code>igl</code> as an argument. This expression is evaluated first by Maxima. Then the <code>solve()</code> operator is applied to the result solving for <code>P</code>. The result is a list object with one solution expression. This expression is then referred to using the <code>[1]</code> index, and the output is the equation expression <code>P=R*T*ρ</code> . The expression for ρ (density) as a function of pressure (p) and temperature (°F) can be checked against known values using the following expressions: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i16) \°R(\°F) := \°F + 459.67; (%o16) °R(°F):=°F+459.67 (%i17) P(p) := p*144.0; (%o17) P(p):=p*144.0 (%i18) R:1716.56; (R) 1716.56 (%i19) \ρ(p,\°F) := P(p)/(''R*\°R(\°F)); (%o19) ρ(p,°F):=P(p)/(1716.56*°R(°F))</syntaxhighlight>The above Maxima expressions are examples of Maxima function expressions. For standard sea level conditions of pressure and temperature as follows, * p is 14.696 lbf/ft² * °F is 59.0° the calculated value for density is:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i20) \ρ(14.696,59.0); (%20) 0.0023769033250291326</syntaxhighlight>Compare this resulting value of density with the the value of the table below for 0 altitude and temperature of 59.0 °F: {| class="wikitable" |+U.S. Standard Atmosphere vs. Altitude - BE Units !Altitude above Sea Level - ''h'' - ''(ft)'' !Temperature - T ''-'' ''(^oF)'' !Acceleration of Gravity - ''g -'' ''(ft/s²)'' !Pressure - ''p -'' ''(lb/in²)'' !Density - ''ρ -'' ''(10^-4 slugs/ft³)'' |- |0 |59.0 |32.174 |14.696 |23.77 |- |5000 |41.17 |32.159 |12.228 |20.48 |- |10000 |23.36 |32.143 |10.108 |17.56 |- |15000 |5.55 |32.128 |8.297 |14.96 |- |20000 | -12.26 |32.112 |6.759 |12.67 |- |25000 | -30.05 |32.097 |5.461 |10.66 |- |30000 | -47.83 |32.082 |4.373 |8.91 |- |35000 | -65.61 |32.066 |3.468 |7.38 |} It would be useful to have the means to round result values to a desired number of decimal places. Maxima does not have a built-in operator for rounding decimal fraction values. Also, there is no package that is included as part of the Maxima distribution that provides for this capability. However, Robert Dodier has created a Maxima package that includes a function for this purpose ‒ named <code>excel_round.mac</code><code><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dodier |first=Robert |title=maxima-packages/robert-dodier/excel_round/ |url=https://github.com/maxima-project-on-github/maxima-packages/tree/master/robert-dodier/excel_round|website=GitHub}}</ref></code>. However, to be able access the <code>excel_round()</code> function of this package, it must first be downloaded or copied into a location accessible to Maxima using the <code>load()</code> operator. The built-in Maxima <code>load()</code> operator is used to access specialized functions that are not built-in to Maxima. In order to use the <code>load()</code> operator, the location of the downloaded <code>excel_round.mac</code> file has to be part of the argument to the <code>load()</code> operator unless the file happens to be in the Maxima current working directory. The built-in <code>operatingsystem</code> package can provide some functions to help with determining the current working directory. This package is loaded as follows: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i21) load(operatingsystem); (%o21) "/usr/local/share/maxima/5.49.0/share/contrib/operatingsystem/operatingsystem.mac" (%i22) getcurrentdirectory(); (%o22) "/home/username/" </syntaxhighlight>In this example <code>username</code> is the name of the home directory of the user. so if the downloaded <code>excel_round.mac</code> file is not located in the current working directory, then the directory can be changed to the location where the file is located: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i22) chdir("/home/username/local/maxima/packages"); (%o22) "#P"/home/username/local/maxima/packages""</syntaxhighlight>Now the <code>excel_round.mac</code> file can be loaded assuming it is within the directory <code>/home/username/local/maxima/packages</code> as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i23) load("excel_round.mac"); (%o23) "excel_round.mac" </syntaxhighlight>Alternatively, if the location of the file is known it can be loaded using the full path name as follows for example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i24) load("/home/username/local/maxima/packages/excel_round.mac"); (%o24) "/home/username/local/maxima/packages/excel_round.mac" </syntaxhighlight>This method obviates the need for loading the <code>operatingsystem</code> package. '''Note:''' The ''wxMaxima'' GUI makes loading packages simply a matter of a menu selection. The density value above can be rounded to six decimal places as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i25) excel_round(ρ(14.696,59.0),6); (%o25) 0.002377 </syntaxhighlight>This rounded value agrees with the sea level value of <math display="inline">23.77 \cdot 10^{-4}</math> slugs/ft³ taken from the table of Standard Atmosphere values. For Standard Atmosphere values of pressure ( 6.758 lbf/in² ) and temperature ( -12.26 °F ) at 20,000 ft the density value is:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i26) excel_round(ρ(6.759,-12.26),6); (%o26) 0.001267 </syntaxhighlight>This rounded value agrees with the sea level value of <math display="inline">12.67 \cdot 10^{-4}</math> slugs/ft³ taken from the table of Standard Atmosphere values. ===== Pressure ===== However, what is needed for the task at hand is density as a function of altitude. Both the pressure P and the temperature T can be expressed as a function of altitude h: <math display="block">P = P_0(1 - L\cdot h/T_0)^{g/(R \cdot L)} </math> Where in British Engineering units, the constants are: * <math display="inline">P</math> is Pressure in pounds per square foot lbf/ft² * <math display="inline">P_0</math> is (Sea Level Pressure): 2116.224 lbf/ft² or 14.696 lbf/in² * <math display="inline">R</math> is the specific gas constant (for dry air) approximately 1716.56 (ft·lbf)/(slug·°R) * <math display="inline">T_0 </math> is (Sea Level Temperature): 518.67 °R (15 °C or 59 °F) * <math display="inline">L</math> is (Lapse Rate): 0.003563 °R/ft * <math>g</math> is 32.174 ft/s² * <math display="inline">h</math> is altitude in feet above sea level The exponent <math display="inline">\frac{g}{R \cdot L}</math> evaluates to approximately 5.26054:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i27) 32.174/(0.003563*1716.56); (%o27) 5.260539027391964 (%i28) excel_round(%,5); (%o28) 5.26054 </syntaxhighlight><math display="inline">L/T_0</math> evaluates to approximately <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i29) 0.003563/518.67; (%o29) 6.869493126650858*10^-6 (%i30) excel_round(6.869493126650858*10^-6,11); (%o30) 6.86949*10^-6 </syntaxhighlight> ===== Temperature ===== <math display="inline">T = 518.67 - 0.003563 \cdot h</math> * <math display="inline">T</math> is Temperature in °R * <math display="inline">h</math> is altitude in feet. ===== Practical Formulas for Pressure and Temperature ===== Thus, the practical formula for pressure and temperatures in terms of British Engineering units are: <math>P = 2116.224\cdot(1-(6.86949 \cdot 10^{-6}) \cdot h)^{5.26054}</math> lbf/ft² <math display="inline">T = 518.67 - 0.003563 \cdot h</math> °R ====== Pressure ====== <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i31) P(h) := 2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^-6*h)^5.26054; (%o31) P(h):=2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^(-6)*h)^5.26054 (%i32) p(P) := P/144.0; (%o32) p(P):=P/144.0 (%i33) P(20000); (%o33) 973.0940875140712 (%i34) p(%); (%o34) 6.757597829958828 (%i35) excel_round(%,3); (%o35) 6.758 </syntaxhighlight> ====== Temperature ====== <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i36) T(h) := 518.67 - 0.003563*h; (%o36) T(h):=518.67-0.003563*h (%i37) T(20000); (%o37) 447.40999999999997 (%i38) excel_round(%,2); (%o38) 447.41 (%i39) \°F(\°R) := \°R -459.67; (%o39) °F(°R):=°R-459.67 (%i40) \°F(447.41); (%o40) -12.259999999999991 (%i41) excel_round(%,2); (%o41) -12.26 </syntaxhighlight> ===== Density ===== The expressions for pressure and temperature as functions of altitude can be used with the expression for the ideal gas law for an expression of density as a function of altitude as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i42) ρ(h) := P(h)/(R*T(h)); (%o42) ρ(h):=P(h)/(R*T(h)) (%i42) excel_round(ρ(20000)*10^4,2); (%o42) 12.67 </syntaxhighlight>This result agrees with the density value of the standard atmosphere at 20,000 ft. Using the expression for the air density as a function of altitude, an expression for dynamic pressure is as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i43) q(h,VTAS) := ((\ρ(h)*VTAS^2))/2; (%o43) q(h,VTAS):=(ρ(h)*VTAS^2)/2 </syntaxhighlight>Using the expression above, values of dynamic pressure can be calculated as a function of altitude and true airspeed as follows for 20,000 feet and 15,000 feet at 200 ft/s:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i44) q(20000,200); (%o44) 25.34079027107967 (%i45) q(15000,200); (%o45) 29.922636037412556 </syntaxhighlight>This value can be checked using the value for density from the Standard Atmosphere table at 15,000 ft and the expression for dynamic pressure as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i46) excel_round(%,2); (%o46) 29.92 (%i47) (200.0^2)*0.001496/2.0; (%o47) 29.919999999999998 (%i48) excel_round(%,2); (%o48) 29.92 </syntaxhighlight>In the context of aviation and aircraft performance, airspeeds are commonly referenced to knots (nautical miles per hour) instead of ft/s. To determine dynamic pressure as a function of altitude and true airspeed in knots, the following expressions are used:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i49) VTAS(knots) := 1.687811*knots; (%o49) VTAS(knots):=1.687811*knots (%i50) excel_round(VTAS(118.49676),2); (%o50) 200.0 (%i51) q(h,knots) (%o51) q(h,knots):=(ρ(h)*VTAS(knots)^2)/2 (%i52) excel_round(q(15000,118.49676),2); (%o52) 29.92 </syntaxhighlight>So approximately 118 knots true airspeed is equivalent to 200 ft/s, and the above expression for dynamic pressure is in terms of a function of altitude in feet and true airspeed in knots. ==== Plotting ==== Maxima has several ways to do plotting. The image that follows is a simple plot of density as a function of altitude produced using the plotting operator <code>wxplot2d()</code>:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i53) T(h) := 518.688 - 0.0035616*h; (%o53) T(h):=518.688-0.0035616*h (%i54) P(h) := 2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^-6*h)^5.26054; (%o54) P(h):=2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^(-6)*h)^5.26054 (%i55) R : 1716.56; (R) 1716.56 (%i56) ρ(h) := P(h)/(R*T(h)); (%o56) ρ(h):=P(h)/(R*T(h)) (%i57) wxplot2d([ρ(h)], [h,-100,35000])$ </syntaxhighlight> [[File:Density as a Function of Altitude.png|thumb|876x876px|'''Air Density (slugs/ft³) As a Function of Altitude (ft)'''|none]] ==== A Practical Application - True Airspeed (TAS) ==== Having the display of TAS during actual flight conditions is very useful information. With the necessary sensors and electronics, TAS can be displayed continuously to pilots during changing flight conditions. One way to accomplish this is to have aircraft sensors that measure values of dynamic pressure, air pressure, and air temperature. These measured values can be used by electronic devices designed to calculate TAS for display and use by other equipment. The essentials of how this could be implemented can be demonstrated using Maxima by way of the expressions that follow:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i1) dpe : q = 1/2*ρ*V^2; (dpe) q=(V^2*ρ)/2 (%i2) solutions:solve(dpe,V); (solutions) [V=-(sqrt(2)*sqrt(q/ρ)),V=sqrt(2)*sqrt(q/ρ)] </syntaxhighlight>The above expressions result in a list of two solution expressions. The second of these two is the one that is useful in this context.<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i3) solutions[2]; (%o3) V=sqrt(2)*sqrt(q/ρ) (%i4) igl : \ρ = P/(R*T); (igl) ρ=P/(R*T) (%i5) eq : subst(rhs(igl),\ρ,solutions[2]); (%o5) V=sqrt(2)*sqrt((R*T*q)/P) </syntaxhighlight>In the last of the above expressions the <code>subst()</code> operator is used to substitute an expression for density ρ in the expression for speed V.<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i6) R :1716.56; (R) 1716.56 (%i7) V(q,P,T) := ''(rhs(eq)); (%o7) V(q,P,T):=sqrt(2)*sqrt((R*T*q)/P) </syntaxhighlight>The value for R determines the units: * dynamic pressure q is in lbf/ft² * pressure P is in lbf/ft² * T is in °R * V is in ft/s The second of the two expressions above define a Maxima function for V in terms of values of dynamic pressure q, air pressure P, and temperature T. This expression for speed can be checked using known values. At 15,000 ft if: q is 29.92 lbf/ft² P is 1194.79 lbf/ft² T is 465.24 °R then:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i8) load("excel_round.mac"); (%o8) "/home/davidmiller/Downloads/excel_round.mac" (%i9) excel_round(float(V(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o9) 200.0 </syntaxhighlight>This resulting value of 200 ft/s for the TAS agrees with previous calculations under the given conditions. However, this is TAS in ft/s. Displaying TAS in terms of knots is much more relevant. The conversion factor for this purpose is 1.687811. So TAS in terms of knots can be expressed as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i10) TAS(q,P,T) := V( q,P,T)/1.687811; (%o10) TAS(q,P,T):=V(q,P,T)/1.687811 (%i11) excel_round(float(TAS(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o11) 118.5 </syntaxhighlight>The result is 118.5 knots for TAS which agrees with previous calculated values. The expression for TAS could have been more general by using an identifier (cf, for example) for the conversion factor as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i12) TAS(q,P,T) := V( q,P,T)/cf; (%o12) TAS(q,P,T):=V(q,P,T)/cf (%i13) cf : 1.687811; (cf) 1.687811 (%i14) excel_round(float(TAS(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o14) 118.5 </syntaxhighlight>The conversion factor for meters per second (m/s) is: 3.28084<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i15) cf:3.28084; (cf) 3.28084 (%i16) excel_round(float(TAS(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o16) 61.0 </syntaxhighlight>This is TAS in meters per second. Thus, by changing the value of only the conversion factor, TAS could be determined for various units of measure. == Summary == This section provided examples of the use of Maxima expressions in an applied context. It was demonstrated that Maxima can be used effectively for numerical computations. However, unlike typical general purpose programming languages, it was also demonstrated that Maxima is capable of providing much more capability than merely "number crunching" by way of symbolic operations. The symbolic expression capabilities of Maxima extend way beyond what was demonstrated in this section. The purpose of this section is not to provide a comprehensive survey of the symbolic expression capabilities of Maxima. Rather, it is intended to be an introduction to Maxima for the sake of familiarity with the sort of expressions that are typical for using Maxima in an applied context, with the syntax that is used for Maxima expressions, and generally the important role expressions have in interacting with the Maxima interface. Three Maxima operators that should be recognized as used frequently as evidenced by the expressions of this section are: # <code>=</code> the equality operator (equation expressions) # <code>:=</code> the Maxima function definition operator # <code>:</code> the assignment operator No matter the task at hand for which Maxima is being used, these three operators are likely to be essential, so having a clear understanding of the nature of each is important. Here is what a ''wxMaxima'' "Tip of the Day" remarks about the first two:<blockquote>"Equations have several advantages over functions. For example they can be manipulated with factor(), expand() and similar functions. They can easily be introduced one into another."</blockquote>It is essential to recognize that Maxima function expressions entered using the <code>:=</code> operator are not synonymous with the mathematical concept of a function, and this is also the case with typical general purpose programming languages, and not only Maxima. The Maxima function (in the programming sense) operator can be used to define a function (in the mathematical sense), but this is not generally the case for all Maxima function expressions. Maxima function expressions can be entered that cannot be used to define a mathematical function in the technical sense. To define a mathematical function using Maxima, to be precise, would require something similar to the following expressions:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i1) y = f(x); (%o1) y=f(x) (%i2) f(x) := x^3; (%o2) f(x):=x^3 </syntaxhighlight>The first of these two expressions, if evaluated, will have a value of <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>, depending on the values of <code>x</code> and <code>y</code>. The second of these two expressions will have a numerical value that depends only on the numerical value of <code>x</code>. This difference is essential to understand. {{BookCat}} ctgcm2l794da3g4dj4puxsfvqu5y1ww 4634465 4634444 2026-05-06T17:47:24Z Idavidmiller 3577687 Added Summary section. Saving changes. Work in Progress. 4634465 wikitext text/x-wiki == Getting Used to Maxima By Way of an Example of Use == The examples that follows are presented for the purpose of providing some beginning perspective, and hopefully some motivation to make the effort to get familiar with how Maxima works. The task at hand is relevant in the context of aerodynamics and aviation. The specific goal is to find the dynamic pressure at a true airspeed (VTAS) of 200 ft/s at sea level. Dynamic pressure <math display="inline">q</math> is calculated using the expression:<math display="block">q = \rho V^2/2</math>Where: * <math>q</math> = dynamic pressure lbf/ft² (pounds of force per square foot) * <math display="inline">\rho</math> = air density (at sea level is 0.0023769) slugs/ft³ * <math>V</math> = true airspeed in feet per second (ft/s). British Engineering units are used in this context to avoid multiple conversions due to the units used. It is better to convert in the end if necessary in this case. '''Note:''' The appearance of the following Maxima examples may vary depending on Unicode support in the version of Maxima being used and the Maxima user interface -- UI. The Maxima examples used in this book are from the ''wxMaxima'' GUI unless noted otherwise, and a version of Maxima with Unicode support. First, enter the Maxima expression for dynamic pressure q:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i1) q : 1/2*\ρ*V^2; (q) (V^2*ρ)/2 </syntaxhighlight>This Maxima expression uses the colon character to assign the expression for dynamic pressure to the identifier q. The identifier q is now simply a name for an expression. The equal sign ( = ) is not used for this operation in Maxima as is the case with some programming languages. This Maxima line of a input expression ends with a semicolon ( ; ) character. Each line of input must end with a semicolon or the dollar sign character ( $ ), the use of which will be described later. Next, enter an assignment expression for the numerical value of the air density at sea level:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i2) \ρ : 0.0023769; (ρ) 0.0023769</syntaxhighlight>Density ρ is in the units of slugs per cubic foot - slugs/ft³. With this next input expression, Maxima is asked to evaluate q. This is accomplished by two single quotation marks placed before q as shown next:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i3) ''q; (%o3) 0.0033855446120918224*VTAS^2 </syntaxhighlight> The output indicates that q depends on VTAS -- true airspeed. The goal is to evaluate q, if VTAS = 200 ft/s is true. One way to do that is with the following Maxima expression:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i4) ''q, VTAS = 200; (%o4) 135.42178448367287 </syntaxhighlight>The result is about 135 pounds of force per square foot. There is another way to accomplish this that may be somewhat more convenient for determining sea level dynamic pressure given true airspeed. First, assign the Maxima floating point literal value of 0.0033855446120918224 to an identifier named <code>c</code> as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i5) c : 0.0033855446120918224; (c) 0.0033855446120918224</syntaxhighlight>Next, enter<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i6) q(VTAS) := c*VTAS^2; (%o6) q(VTAS):=c*VTAS^2 </syntaxhighlight><syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i7) q(200); (%o7) 135.4217844836729 </syntaxhighlight>This result is limited to sea level density. That does not make the result of no practical use. This relationship, or something similar is, used to calibrate aircraft airspeed indicators to display indicated airspeed (IAS) in the cockpit. However, it might be the case that it is necessary to determine the dynamic pressure at other altitudes besides sea level. In the standard atmosphere model, air density is a function of altitude (h), and is defined piece-wise based on the atmospheric layer. The density is derived from the Ideal Gas Law: <math>P = \rho R T</math> where in British Engineering units: * <math>\rho</math> ‒ is density in slugs/ft³ * <math>P</math> ‒ is pressure in lbf/ft² * <math>T</math>‒ is temperature in °R (Rankine) * <math>R</math> ‒ is the specific gas constant (for dry air) approximately 1716.56 (ft·lbf)/(slug·°R) <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i8) P = \ρ*R*T; (%o8) P=RTρ </syntaxhighlight>The backslash character ( <code>\</code> ) in front of the character for <math>\rho</math> in the input expression allows an identifier to use Unicode. This makes for some nicer looking output. This is a Maxima mathematical equation expression. This equation can be solved for <math>\rho</math> as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i9) solve(%,\ρ); (%o58) [ρ=P/(R*T)]</syntaxhighlight>The Maxima built-in identifier <code>%</code> names the last output expression.The output of this expression is a Maxima list object with the only instance being the equation expression solved for <math>\rho</math>. Depending on the expression, the <code>solve()</code> operation may result in more than one solution expression. Maxima creates a list object for one or more solution expressions. This solution equation expression can be accessed as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i10) %[1]; (%o10) ρ=P/(R*T) </syntaxhighlight>The value of this expression is obtained by referencing the first (and only) solution of the Maxima list object of solutions ‒ <code>[ρ=P*R*T]</code>. The reference is obtained by use of the <code>[1]</code> index syntax as shown. There are other ways Maxima can be used to accomplish the same result: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i11) igl : P = \ρ*R*T; (igl) P=R*T*ρ</syntaxhighlight>In this case the expression for the ideal gas law was assigned an identifier <code>igl</code>. The advantage to this sort of assignment is that the equation can be referred to using the identifier as follows for example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i12) solve(igl,\ρ); (%o12) [ρ=P/(R*T)] </syntaxhighlight>The identifier <code>igl</code> can be used at any point to refer to the equation expression: <code>P = \ρ*R*T)</code>. An assignment operator can also be used to assign the identifier <code>solution</code> to an expression. For example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i13) solve(igl,\ρ); (%o13) [ρ=P/(R*T)] (%i14) solution : solve(igl,\ρ); (solution) [ρ=P/(R*T)] (%i15) solve(solution,P)[1]; (%o15) P=R*T*ρ</syntaxhighlight>The last input and output expression might be somewhat of a "head-scratcher" at first glance, but it is worthwhile to understand how Maxima works in this case. The identifier solution names an expression that uses the <code>solve()</code> operator on the identifier <code>igl</code> as an argument. This expression is evaluated first by Maxima. Then the <code>solve()</code> operator is applied to the result solving for <code>P</code>. The result is a list object with one solution expression. This expression is then referred to using the <code>[1]</code> index, and the output is the equation expression <code>P=R*T*ρ</code> . The expression for ρ (density) as a function of pressure (p) and temperature (°F) can be checked against known values using the following expressions: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i16) \°R(\°F) := \°F + 459.67; (%o16) °R(°F):=°F+459.67 (%i17) P(p) := p*144.0; (%o17) P(p):=p*144.0 (%i18) R:1716.56; (R) 1716.56 (%i19) \ρ(p,\°F) := P(p)/(''R*\°R(\°F)); (%o19) ρ(p,°F):=P(p)/(1716.56*°R(°F))</syntaxhighlight>The above Maxima expressions are examples of Maxima function expressions. For standard sea level conditions of pressure and temperature as follows, * p is 14.696 lbf/ft² * °F is 59.0° the calculated value for density is:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i20) \ρ(14.696,59.0); (%20) 0.0023769033250291326</syntaxhighlight>Compare this resulting value of density with the the value of the table below for 0 altitude and temperature of 59.0 °F: {| class="wikitable" |+U.S. Standard Atmosphere vs. Altitude - BE Units !Altitude above Sea Level - ''h'' - ''(ft)'' !Temperature - T ''-'' ''(^oF)'' !Acceleration of Gravity - ''g -'' ''(ft/s²)'' !Pressure - ''p -'' ''(lb/in²)'' !Density - ''ρ -'' ''(10^-4 slugs/ft³)'' |- |0 |59.0 |32.174 |14.696 |23.77 |- |5000 |41.17 |32.159 |12.228 |20.48 |- |10000 |23.36 |32.143 |10.108 |17.56 |- |15000 |5.55 |32.128 |8.297 |14.96 |- |20000 | -12.26 |32.112 |6.759 |12.67 |- |25000 | -30.05 |32.097 |5.461 |10.66 |- |30000 | -47.83 |32.082 |4.373 |8.91 |- |35000 | -65.61 |32.066 |3.468 |7.38 |} It would be useful to have the means to round result values to a desired number of decimal places. Maxima does not have a built-in operator for rounding decimal fraction values. Also, there is no package that is included as part of the Maxima distribution that provides for this capability. However, Robert Dodier has created a Maxima package that includes a function for this purpose ‒ named <code>excel_round.mac</code><code><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dodier |first=Robert |title=maxima-packages/robert-dodier/excel_round/ |url=https://github.com/maxima-project-on-github/maxima-packages/tree/master/robert-dodier/excel_round|website=GitHub}}</ref></code>. However, to be able access the <code>excel_round()</code> function of this package, it must first be downloaded or copied into a location accessible to Maxima using the <code>load()</code> operator. The built-in Maxima <code>load()</code> operator is used to access specialized functions that are not built-in to Maxima. In order to use the <code>load()</code> operator, the location of the downloaded <code>excel_round.mac</code> file has to be part of the argument to the <code>load()</code> operator unless the file happens to be in the Maxima current working directory. The built-in <code>operatingsystem</code> package can provide some functions to help with determining the current working directory. This package is loaded as follows: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i21) load(operatingsystem); (%o21) "/usr/local/share/maxima/5.49.0/share/contrib/operatingsystem/operatingsystem.mac" (%i22) getcurrentdirectory(); (%o22) "/home/username/" </syntaxhighlight>In this example <code>username</code> is the name of the home directory of the user. so if the downloaded <code>excel_round.mac</code> file is not located in the current working directory, then the directory can be changed to the location where the file is located: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i22) chdir("/home/username/local/maxima/packages"); (%o22) "#P"/home/username/local/maxima/packages""</syntaxhighlight>Now the <code>excel_round.mac</code> file can be loaded assuming it is within the directory <code>/home/username/local/maxima/packages</code> as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i23) load("excel_round.mac"); (%o23) "excel_round.mac" </syntaxhighlight>Alternatively, if the location of the file is known it can be loaded using the full path name as follows for example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i24) load("/home/username/local/maxima/packages/excel_round.mac"); (%o24) "/home/username/local/maxima/packages/excel_round.mac" </syntaxhighlight>This method obviates the need for loading the <code>operatingsystem</code> package. '''Note:''' The ''wxMaxima'' GUI makes loading packages simply a matter of a menu selection. The density value above can be rounded to six decimal places as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i25) excel_round(ρ(14.696,59.0),6); (%o25) 0.002377 </syntaxhighlight>This rounded value agrees with the sea level value of <math display="inline">23.77 \cdot 10^{-4}</math> slugs/ft³ taken from the table of Standard Atmosphere values. For Standard Atmosphere values of pressure ( 6.758 lbf/in² ) and temperature ( -12.26 °F ) at 20,000 ft the density value is:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i26) excel_round(ρ(6.759,-12.26),6); (%o26) 0.001267 </syntaxhighlight>This rounded value agrees with the sea level value of <math display="inline">12.67 \cdot 10^{-4}</math> slugs/ft³ taken from the table of Standard Atmosphere values. ===== Pressure ===== However, what is needed for the task at hand is density as a function of altitude. Both the pressure P and the temperature T can be expressed as a function of altitude h: <math display="block">P = P_0(1 - L\cdot h/T_0)^{g/(R \cdot L)} </math> Where in British Engineering units, the constants are: * <math display="inline">P</math> is Pressure in pounds per square foot lbf/ft² * <math display="inline">P_0</math> is (Sea Level Pressure): 2116.224 lbf/ft² or 14.696 lbf/in² * <math display="inline">R</math> is the specific gas constant (for dry air) approximately 1716.56 (ft·lbf)/(slug·°R) * <math display="inline">T_0 </math> is (Sea Level Temperature): 518.67 °R (15 °C or 59 °F) * <math display="inline">L</math> is (Lapse Rate): 0.003563 °R/ft * <math>g</math> is 32.174 ft/s² * <math display="inline">h</math> is altitude in feet above sea level The exponent <math display="inline">\frac{g}{R \cdot L}</math> evaluates to approximately 5.26054:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i27) 32.174/(0.003563*1716.56); (%o27) 5.260539027391964 (%i28) excel_round(%,5); (%o28) 5.26054 </syntaxhighlight><math display="inline">L/T_0</math> evaluates to approximately <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i29) 0.003563/518.67; (%o29) 6.869493126650858*10^-6 (%i30) excel_round(6.869493126650858*10^-6,11); (%o30) 6.86949*10^-6 </syntaxhighlight> ===== Temperature ===== <math display="inline">T = 518.67 - 0.003563 \cdot h</math> * <math display="inline">T</math> is Temperature in °R * <math display="inline">h</math> is altitude in feet. ===== Practical Formulas for Pressure and Temperature ===== Thus, the practical formula for pressure and temperatures in terms of British Engineering units are: <math>P = 2116.224\cdot(1-(6.86949 \cdot 10^{-6}) \cdot h)^{5.26054}</math> lbf/ft² <math display="inline">T = 518.67 - 0.003563 \cdot h</math> °R ====== Pressure ====== <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i31) P(h) := 2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^-6*h)^5.26054; (%o31) P(h):=2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^(-6)*h)^5.26054 (%i32) p(P) := P/144.0; (%o32) p(P):=P/144.0 (%i33) P(20000); (%o33) 973.0940875140712 (%i34) p(%); (%o34) 6.757597829958828 (%i35) excel_round(%,3); (%o35) 6.758 </syntaxhighlight> ====== Temperature ====== <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i36) T(h) := 518.67 - 0.003563*h; (%o36) T(h):=518.67-0.003563*h (%i37) T(20000); (%o37) 447.40999999999997 (%i38) excel_round(%,2); (%o38) 447.41 (%i39) \°F(\°R) := \°R -459.67; (%o39) °F(°R):=°R-459.67 (%i40) \°F(447.41); (%o40) -12.259999999999991 (%i41) excel_round(%,2); (%o41) -12.26 </syntaxhighlight> ===== Density ===== The expressions for pressure and temperature as functions of altitude can be used with the expression for the ideal gas law for an expression of density as a function of altitude as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i42) ρ(h) := P(h)/(R*T(h)); (%o42) ρ(h):=P(h)/(R*T(h)) (%i42) excel_round(ρ(20000)*10^4,2); (%o42) 12.67 </syntaxhighlight>This result agrees with the density value of the standard atmosphere at 20,000 ft. Using the expression for the air density as a function of altitude, an expression for dynamic pressure is as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i43) q(h,VTAS) := ((\ρ(h)*VTAS^2))/2; (%o43) q(h,VTAS):=(ρ(h)*VTAS^2)/2 </syntaxhighlight>Using the expression above, values of dynamic pressure can be calculated as a function of altitude and true airspeed as follows for 20,000 feet and 15,000 feet at 200 ft/s:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i44) q(20000,200); (%o44) 25.34079027107967 (%i45) q(15000,200); (%o45) 29.922636037412556 </syntaxhighlight>This value can be checked using the value for density from the Standard Atmosphere table at 15,000 ft and the expression for dynamic pressure as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i46) excel_round(%,2); (%o46) 29.92 (%i47) (200.0^2)*0.001496/2.0; (%o47) 29.919999999999998 (%i48) excel_round(%,2); (%o48) 29.92 </syntaxhighlight>In the context of aviation and aircraft performance, airspeeds are commonly referenced to knots (nautical miles per hour) instead of ft/s. To determine dynamic pressure as a function of altitude and true airspeed in knots, the following expressions are used:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i49) VTAS(knots) := 1.687811*knots; (%o49) VTAS(knots):=1.687811*knots (%i50) excel_round(VTAS(118.49676),2); (%o50) 200.0 (%i51) q(h,knots) (%o51) q(h,knots):=(ρ(h)*VTAS(knots)^2)/2 (%i52) excel_round(q(15000,118.49676),2); (%o52) 29.92 </syntaxhighlight>So approximately 118 knots true airspeed is equivalent to 200 ft/s, and the above expression for dynamic pressure is in terms of a function of altitude in feet and true airspeed in knots. ==== Plotting ==== Maxima has several ways to do plotting. The image that follows is a simple plot of density as a function of altitude produced using the plotting operator <code>wxplot2d()</code>:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i53) T(h) := 518.688 - 0.0035616*h; (%o53) T(h):=518.688-0.0035616*h (%i54) P(h) := 2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^-6*h)^5.26054; (%o54) P(h):=2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^(-6)*h)^5.26054 (%i55) R : 1716.56; (R) 1716.56 (%i56) ρ(h) := P(h)/(R*T(h)); (%o56) ρ(h):=P(h)/(R*T(h)) (%i57) wxplot2d([ρ(h)], [h,-100,35000])$ </syntaxhighlight> [[File:Density as a Function of Altitude.png|thumb|876x876px|'''Air Density (slugs/ft³) As a Function of Altitude (ft)'''|none]] ==== A Practical Application - True Airspeed (TAS) ==== Having the display of TAS during actual flight conditions is very useful information. With the necessary sensors and electronics, TAS can be displayed continuously to pilots during changing flight conditions. One way to accomplish this is to have aircraft sensors that measure values of dynamic pressure, air pressure, and air temperature. These measured values can be used by electronic devices designed to calculate TAS for display and use by other equipment. The essentials of how this could be implemented can be demonstrated using Maxima by way of the expressions that follow:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i1) dpe : q = 1/2*ρ*V^2; (dpe) q=(V^2*ρ)/2 (%i2) solutions:solve(dpe,V); (solutions) [V=-(sqrt(2)*sqrt(q/ρ)),V=sqrt(2)*sqrt(q/ρ)] </syntaxhighlight>The above expressions result in a list of two solution expressions. The second of these two is the one that is useful in this context.<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i3) solutions[2]; (%o3) V=sqrt(2)*sqrt(q/ρ) (%i4) igl : \ρ = P/(R*T); (igl) ρ=P/(R*T) (%i5) eq : subst(rhs(igl),\ρ,solutions[2]); (%o5) V=sqrt(2)*sqrt((R*T*q)/P) </syntaxhighlight>In the last of the above expressions the <code>subst()</code> operator is used to substitute an expression for density ρ in the expression for speed V.<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i6) R :1716.56; (R) 1716.56 (%i7) V(q,P,T) := ''(rhs(eq)); (%o7) V(q,P,T):=sqrt(2)*sqrt((R*T*q)/P) </syntaxhighlight>The value for R determines the units: * dynamic pressure q is in lbf/ft² * pressure P is in lbf/ft² * T is in °R * V is in ft/s The second of the two expressions above define a Maxima function for V in terms of values of dynamic pressure q, air pressure P, and temperature T. This expression for speed can be checked using known values. At 15,000 ft if: q is 29.92 lbf/ft² P is 1194.79 lbf/ft² T is 465.24 °R then:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i8) load("excel_round.mac"); (%o8) "/home/davidmiller/Downloads/excel_round.mac" (%i9) excel_round(float(V(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o9) 200.0 </syntaxhighlight>This resulting value of 200 ft/s for the TAS agrees with previous calculations under the given conditions. However, this is TAS in ft/s. Displaying TAS in terms of knots is much more relevant. The conversion factor for this purpose is 1.687811. So TAS in terms of knots can be expressed as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i10) TAS(q,P,T) := V( q,P,T)/1.687811; (%o10) TAS(q,P,T):=V(q,P,T)/1.687811 (%i11) excel_round(float(TAS(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o11) 118.5 </syntaxhighlight>The result is 118.5 knots for TAS which agrees with previous calculated values. The expression for TAS could have been more general by using an identifier (cf, for example) for the conversion factor as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i12) TAS(q,P,T) := V( q,P,T)/cf; (%o12) TAS(q,P,T):=V(q,P,T)/cf (%i13) cf : 1.687811; (cf) 1.687811 (%i14) excel_round(float(TAS(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o14) 118.5 </syntaxhighlight>The conversion factor for meters per second (m/s) is: 3.28084<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i15) cf:3.28084; (cf) 3.28084 (%i16) excel_round(float(TAS(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o16) 61.0 </syntaxhighlight>This is TAS in meters per second. Thus, by changing the value of only the conversion factor, TAS could be determined for various units of measure. == Summary == This section provided examples of the use of Maxima expressions in an applied context. It was demonstrated that Maxima can be used effectively for numerical computations. However, unlike typical general purpose programming languages, it was also demonstrated that Maxima is capable of providing much more capability than merely "number crunching" by way of symbolic operations. The symbolic expression capabilities of Maxima extend way beyond what was demonstrated in this section. The purpose of this section is not to provide a comprehensive survey of the symbolic expression capabilities of Maxima. Rather, it is intended to be an introduction to Maxima for the sake of familiarity with the sort of expressions that are typical for using Maxima in an applied context, with the syntax that is used for Maxima expressions, and generally the important role expressions have in interacting with the Maxima interface. Three Maxima operators that should be recognized as used frequently as evidenced by the expressions of this section are: # <code>=</code> the equality operator (equation expressions) # <code>:=</code> the Maxima function definition operator # <code>:</code> the assignment operator No matter the task at hand for which Maxima is being used, these three operators are likely to be essential, so having a clear understanding of the nature of each is important. Here is what a ''wxMaxima'' "Tip of the Day" remarks about the first two:<blockquote>"Equations have several advantages over functions. For example they can be manipulated with factor(), expand() and similar functions. They can easily be introduced one into another."</blockquote>It is essential to recognize that Maxima function expressions entered using the <code>:=</code> operator are not synonymous with the mathematical concept of a function, and this is also the case with typical general purpose programming languages, and not only Maxima. The Maxima function (in the programming sense) operator can be used to define a function (in the mathematical sense), but this is not generally the case for all Maxima function expressions. Maxima function expressions can be entered that cannot be used to define a mathematical function in the technical sense. To define a mathematical function using Maxima, to be precise, would require something similar to the following expressions:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i1) y = f(x); (%o1) y=f(x) (%i2) f(x) := x^3; (%o2) f(x):=x^3 (%i3) y = f(x), x=3; (%o3) y=27 (%i4) y = f(3); (%o4) y=27 (%i5) is(y = f(3)); (%o5) false (%i6) is(y = f(3)), y = 27; (%o6) true (%i7) f(3); (%o7) 27 </syntaxhighlight>The first the above expressions, if evaluated, will have a value of <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>, depending on the values of <code>x</code> and <code>y</code>. The second of these two expressions will have a numerical value that depends only on the numerical value of <code>x</code>. This difference is essential to understand. For a function, in the mathematical sense, it is necessary for values of ''x'' and ''y'' to evaluate to true as applied to the expression ''y = f(x)'', that is the values of the ordered pairs of numbers ''(x,y)'' evaluate the expression <code>y = f(x)</code> to <code>true</code> if they are instances of the function, and <code>false</code> otherwise. The function <code>f(x)</code>, in the programming sense, can be defined in all sorts of ways as a Maxima expressions, including for the purpose of the definition of a mathematical function, but not necessarily so. The <code>:</code> assignment operator is most typical used to name another value or expression. The word "identifier" in this case is understood to be a name that is in a sense identical to a value or expression. some examples follow:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i08) x : 2; (x) 2 (%i09) x; (%o09) 2 (%i10) y : 3.14159; (y) 3.14159 (%i11) y; (%o11) 3.14159 (%i12) r : rationalize(0.1); (r) 3602879701896397/36028797018963968 (%i13) r; (%o13) 3602879701896397/36028797018963968 (%i14) s : "a string"; (s) "a string" (%i15) s; (%o15) "a string" (%i16) \9ofHearts : true; (\9ofHearts) true (%i17) \9ofHearts; (%o17) true </syntaxhighlight>Assignment is not limited however to simple expressions such as these. Entire expressions from simple to more complex can be assigned to identifiers. For example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i18) z : m + n +3; (z) n+m+3 (%i19) z; (%o19) n+m+3 (%i20) ex1 : a*x^2 +b*x + c; (ex1) c+2*b+4*a (%i21) ex1; (%o21) c+2*b+4*a (%i22) ex2 : 'integrate( %e^(2*t+a)*sin(t)*t,t); (ex2) integrate(%e^(2*t+a)*t*sin(t),t) (%i23) ex2; (%o23) integrate(%e^(2*t+a)*t*sin(t),t) (%i24) solution : ex2, integrate; (solution) ((10*%e^(2*t+a)*t-3*%e^(2*t+a))*sin(t)+(4*%e^(2*t+a)-5*%e^(2*t+a)*t)*cos(t))/25 (%i25) solution; (%o25) ((10*%e^(2*t+a)*t-3*%e^(2*t+a))*sin(t)+(4*%e^(2*t+a)-5*%e^(2*t+a)*t)*cos(t))/25 </syntaxhighlight>This sort of assignment is not possible using typical general purpose programming languages, and will result in undefined variable error messages. For example in the case of Julia:<syntaxhighlight lang="julia-repl"> julia> z = m + n + 3 ERROR: UndefVarError: `m` not defined in `Main` Suggestion: check for spelling errors or missing imports. Stacktrace: [1] top-level scope @ REPL[1]:1 </syntaxhighlight>Julia is a very capable and useful programming language, especially for numerical computations, but symbolic expressions are not what Julia was intended to be used for. Maxima on the other hand, is quite at home with symbolic expressions. Some of the output expressions in these examples are rendered in a much more readable and conventional manner by the ''wxMaxima'' GUI using typical mathematical notation. The output for <code>ex2</code> for example is rendered as: [[File:Image of wxMaxima output.png|border|frameless]] The output for the <code>solution</code> identifier is rendered as: [[File:Another image of wxMaxima expression.png|frameless|500x500px]] The reader is referred to Sections 9.6 (Assignment operators) and 22 (Equations) of the Maxima Help document for more information related to these three operators and more. {{BookCat}} 990nvhdlgvtis1m3olggdfmpzcb2oog 4634467 4634465 2026-05-06T17:53:56Z Idavidmiller 3577687 4634467 wikitext text/x-wiki == Getting Used to Maxima By Way of an Example of Use == The examples that follows are presented for the purpose of providing some beginning perspective, and hopefully some motivation to make the effort to get familiar with how Maxima works. The task at hand is relevant in the context of aerodynamics and aviation. The specific goal is to find the dynamic pressure at a true airspeed (VTAS) of 200 ft/s at sea level. Dynamic pressure <math display="inline">q</math> is calculated using the expression:<math display="block">q = \rho V^2/2</math>Where: * <math>q</math> = dynamic pressure lbf/ft² (pounds of force per square foot) * <math display="inline">\rho</math> = air density (at sea level is 0.0023769) slugs/ft³ * <math>V</math> = true airspeed in feet per second (ft/s). British Engineering units are used in this context to avoid multiple conversions due to the units used. It is better to convert in the end if necessary in this case. '''Note:''' The appearance of the following Maxima examples may vary depending on Unicode support in the version of Maxima being used and the Maxima user interface -- UI. The Maxima examples used in this book are from the ''wxMaxima'' GUI unless noted otherwise, and a version of Maxima with Unicode support. First, enter the Maxima expression for dynamic pressure q:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i1) q : 1/2*\ρ*V^2; (q) (V^2*ρ)/2 </syntaxhighlight>This Maxima expression uses the colon character to assign the expression for dynamic pressure to the identifier q. The identifier q is now simply a name for an expression. The equal sign ( = ) is not used for this operation in Maxima as is the case with some programming languages. This Maxima line of a input expression ends with a semicolon ( ; ) character. Each line of input must end with a semicolon or the dollar sign character ( $ ), the use of which will be described later. Next, enter an assignment expression for the numerical value of the air density at sea level:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i2) \ρ : 0.0023769; (ρ) 0.0023769</syntaxhighlight>Density ρ is in the units of slugs per cubic foot - slugs/ft³. With this next input expression, Maxima is asked to evaluate q. This is accomplished by two single quotation marks placed before q as shown next:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i3) ''q; (%o3) 0.0033855446120918224*VTAS^2 </syntaxhighlight> The output indicates that q depends on VTAS -- true airspeed. The goal is to evaluate q, if VTAS = 200 ft/s is true. One way to do that is with the following Maxima expression:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i4) ''q, VTAS = 200; (%o4) 135.42178448367287 </syntaxhighlight>The result is about 135 pounds of force per square foot. There is another way to accomplish this that may be somewhat more convenient for determining sea level dynamic pressure given true airspeed. First, assign the Maxima floating point literal value of 0.0033855446120918224 to an identifier named <code>c</code> as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i5) c : 0.0033855446120918224; (c) 0.0033855446120918224</syntaxhighlight>Next, enter<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i6) q(VTAS) := c*VTAS^2; (%o6) q(VTAS):=c*VTAS^2 </syntaxhighlight><syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i7) q(200); (%o7) 135.4217844836729 </syntaxhighlight>This result is limited to sea level density. That does not make the result of no practical use. This relationship, or something similar is, used to calibrate aircraft airspeed indicators to display indicated airspeed (IAS) in the cockpit. However, it might be the case that it is necessary to determine the dynamic pressure at other altitudes besides sea level. In the standard atmosphere model, air density is a function of altitude (h), and is defined piece-wise based on the atmospheric layer. The density is derived from the Ideal Gas Law: <math>P = \rho R T</math> where in British Engineering units: * <math>\rho</math> ‒ is density in slugs/ft³ * <math>P</math> ‒ is pressure in lbf/ft² * <math>T</math>‒ is temperature in °R (Rankine) * <math>R</math> ‒ is the specific gas constant (for dry air) approximately 1716.56 (ft·lbf)/(slug·°R) <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i8) P = \ρ*R*T; (%o8) P=RTρ </syntaxhighlight>The backslash character ( <code>\</code> ) in front of the character for <math>\rho</math> in the input expression allows an identifier to use Unicode. This makes for some nicer looking output. This is a Maxima mathematical equation expression. This equation can be solved for <math>\rho</math> as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i9) solve(%,\ρ); (%o58) [ρ=P/(R*T)]</syntaxhighlight>The Maxima built-in identifier <code>%</code> names the last output expression.The output of this expression is a Maxima list object with the only instance being the equation expression solved for <math>\rho</math>. Depending on the expression, the <code>solve()</code> operation may result in more than one solution expression. Maxima creates a list object for one or more solution expressions. This solution equation expression can be accessed as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i10) %[1]; (%o10) ρ=P/(R*T) </syntaxhighlight>The value of this expression is obtained by referencing the first (and only) solution of the Maxima list object of solutions ‒ <code>[ρ=P*R*T]</code>. The reference is obtained by use of the <code>[1]</code> index syntax as shown. There are other ways Maxima can be used to accomplish the same result: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i11) igl : P = \ρ*R*T; (igl) P=R*T*ρ</syntaxhighlight>In this case the expression for the ideal gas law was assigned an identifier <code>igl</code>. The advantage to this sort of assignment is that the equation can be referred to using the identifier as follows for example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i12) solve(igl,\ρ); (%o12) [ρ=P/(R*T)] </syntaxhighlight>The identifier <code>igl</code> can be used at any point to refer to the equation expression: <code>P = \ρ*R*T)</code>. An assignment operator can also be used to assign the identifier <code>solution</code> to an expression. For example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i13) solve(igl,\ρ); (%o13) [ρ=P/(R*T)] (%i14) solution : solve(igl,\ρ); (solution) [ρ=P/(R*T)] (%i15) solve(solution,P)[1]; (%o15) P=R*T*ρ</syntaxhighlight>The last input and output expression might be somewhat of a "head-scratcher" at first glance, but it is worthwhile to understand how Maxima works in this case. The identifier solution names an expression that uses the <code>solve()</code> operator on the identifier <code>igl</code> as an argument. This expression is evaluated first by Maxima. Then the <code>solve()</code> operator is applied to the result solving for <code>P</code>. The result is a list object with one solution expression. This expression is then referred to using the <code>[1]</code> index, and the output is the equation expression <code>P=R*T*ρ</code> . The expression for ρ (density) as a function of pressure (p) and temperature (°F) can be checked against known values using the following expressions: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i16) \°R(\°F) := \°F + 459.67; (%o16) °R(°F):=°F+459.67 (%i17) P(p) := p*144.0; (%o17) P(p):=p*144.0 (%i18) R:1716.56; (R) 1716.56 (%i19) \ρ(p,\°F) := P(p)/(''R*\°R(\°F)); (%o19) ρ(p,°F):=P(p)/(1716.56*°R(°F))</syntaxhighlight>The above Maxima expressions are examples of Maxima function expressions. For standard sea level conditions of pressure and temperature as follows, * p is 14.696 lbf/ft² * °F is 59.0° the calculated value for density is:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i20) \ρ(14.696,59.0); (%20) 0.0023769033250291326</syntaxhighlight>Compare this resulting value of density with the the value of the table below for 0 altitude and temperature of 59.0 °F: {| class="wikitable" |+U.S. Standard Atmosphere vs. Altitude - BE Units !Altitude above Sea Level - ''h'' - ''(ft)'' !Temperature - T ''-'' ''(^oF)'' !Acceleration of Gravity - ''g -'' ''(ft/s²)'' !Pressure - ''p -'' ''(lb/in²)'' !Density - ''ρ -'' ''(10^-4 slugs/ft³)'' |- |0 |59.0 |32.174 |14.696 |23.77 |- |5000 |41.17 |32.159 |12.228 |20.48 |- |10000 |23.36 |32.143 |10.108 |17.56 |- |15000 |5.55 |32.128 |8.297 |14.96 |- |20000 | -12.26 |32.112 |6.759 |12.67 |- |25000 | -30.05 |32.097 |5.461 |10.66 |- |30000 | -47.83 |32.082 |4.373 |8.91 |- |35000 | -65.61 |32.066 |3.468 |7.38 |} It would be useful to have the means to round result values to a desired number of decimal places. Maxima does not have a built-in operator for rounding decimal fraction values. Also, there is no package that is included as part of the Maxima distribution that provides for this capability. However, Robert Dodier has created a Maxima package that includes a function for this purpose ‒ named <code>excel_round.mac</code><code><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dodier |first=Robert |title=maxima-packages/robert-dodier/excel_round/ |url=https://github.com/maxima-project-on-github/maxima-packages/tree/master/robert-dodier/excel_round|website=GitHub}}</ref></code>. However, to be able access the <code>excel_round()</code> function of this package, it must first be downloaded or copied into a location accessible to Maxima using the <code>load()</code> operator. The built-in Maxima <code>load()</code> operator is used to access specialized functions that are not built-in to Maxima. In order to use the <code>load()</code> operator, the location of the downloaded <code>excel_round.mac</code> file has to be part of the argument to the <code>load()</code> operator unless the file happens to be in the Maxima current working directory. The built-in <code>operatingsystem</code> package can provide some functions to help with determining the current working directory. This package is loaded as follows: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i21) load(operatingsystem); (%o21) "/usr/local/share/maxima/5.49.0/share/contrib/operatingsystem/operatingsystem.mac" (%i22) getcurrentdirectory(); (%o22) "/home/username/" </syntaxhighlight>In this example <code>username</code> is the name of the home directory of the user. so if the downloaded <code>excel_round.mac</code> file is not located in the current working directory, then the directory can be changed to the location where the file is located: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i22) chdir("/home/username/local/maxima/packages"); (%o22) "#P"/home/username/local/maxima/packages""</syntaxhighlight>Now the <code>excel_round.mac</code> file can be loaded assuming it is within the directory <code>/home/username/local/maxima/packages</code> as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i23) load("excel_round.mac"); (%o23) "excel_round.mac" </syntaxhighlight>Alternatively, if the location of the file is known it can be loaded using the full path name as follows for example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i24) load("/home/username/local/maxima/packages/excel_round.mac"); (%o24) "/home/username/local/maxima/packages/excel_round.mac" </syntaxhighlight>This method obviates the need for loading the <code>operatingsystem</code> package. '''Note:''' The ''wxMaxima'' GUI makes loading packages simply a matter of a menu selection. The density value above can be rounded to six decimal places as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i25) excel_round(ρ(14.696,59.0),6); (%o25) 0.002377 </syntaxhighlight>This rounded value agrees with the sea level value of <math display="inline">23.77 \cdot 10^{-4}</math> slugs/ft³ taken from the table of Standard Atmosphere values. For Standard Atmosphere values of pressure ( 6.758 lbf/in² ) and temperature ( -12.26 °F ) at 20,000 ft the density value is:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i26) excel_round(ρ(6.759,-12.26),6); (%o26) 0.001267 </syntaxhighlight>This rounded value agrees with the sea level value of <math display="inline">12.67 \cdot 10^{-4}</math> slugs/ft³ taken from the table of Standard Atmosphere values. ===== Pressure ===== However, what is needed for the task at hand is density as a function of altitude. Both the pressure P and the temperature T can be expressed as a function of altitude h: <math display="block">P = P_0(1 - L\cdot h/T_0)^{g/(R \cdot L)} </math> Where in British Engineering units, the constants are: * <math display="inline">P</math> is Pressure in pounds per square foot lbf/ft² * <math display="inline">P_0</math> is (Sea Level Pressure): 2116.224 lbf/ft² or 14.696 lbf/in² * <math display="inline">R</math> is the specific gas constant (for dry air) approximately 1716.56 (ft·lbf)/(slug·°R) * <math display="inline">T_0 </math> is (Sea Level Temperature): 518.67 °R (15 °C or 59 °F) * <math display="inline">L</math> is (Lapse Rate): 0.003563 °R/ft * <math>g</math> is 32.174 ft/s² * <math display="inline">h</math> is altitude in feet above sea level The exponent <math display="inline">\frac{g}{R \cdot L}</math> evaluates to approximately 5.26054:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i27) 32.174/(0.003563*1716.56); (%o27) 5.260539027391964 (%i28) excel_round(%,5); (%o28) 5.26054 </syntaxhighlight><math display="inline">L/T_0</math> evaluates to approximately <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i29) 0.003563/518.67; (%o29) 6.869493126650858*10^-6 (%i30) excel_round(6.869493126650858*10^-6,11); (%o30) 6.86949*10^-6 </syntaxhighlight> ===== Temperature ===== <math display="inline">T = 518.67 - 0.003563 \cdot h</math> * <math display="inline">T</math> is Temperature in °R * <math display="inline">h</math> is altitude in feet. ===== Practical Formulas for Pressure and Temperature ===== Thus, the practical formula for pressure and temperatures in terms of British Engineering units are: <math>P = 2116.224\cdot(1-(6.86949 \cdot 10^{-6}) \cdot h)^{5.26054}</math> lbf/ft² <math display="inline">T = 518.67 - 0.003563 \cdot h</math> °R ====== Pressure ====== <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i31) P(h) := 2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^-6*h)^5.26054; (%o31) P(h):=2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^(-6)*h)^5.26054 (%i32) p(P) := P/144.0; (%o32) p(P):=P/144.0 (%i33) P(20000); (%o33) 973.0940875140712 (%i34) p(%); (%o34) 6.757597829958828 (%i35) excel_round(%,3); (%o35) 6.758 </syntaxhighlight> ====== Temperature ====== <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i36) T(h) := 518.67 - 0.003563*h; (%o36) T(h):=518.67-0.003563*h (%i37) T(20000); (%o37) 447.40999999999997 (%i38) excel_round(%,2); (%o38) 447.41 (%i39) \°F(\°R) := \°R -459.67; (%o39) °F(°R):=°R-459.67 (%i40) \°F(447.41); (%o40) -12.259999999999991 (%i41) excel_round(%,2); (%o41) -12.26 </syntaxhighlight> ===== Density ===== The expressions for pressure and temperature as functions of altitude can be used with the expression for the ideal gas law for an expression of density as a function of altitude as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i42) ρ(h) := P(h)/(R*T(h)); (%o42) ρ(h):=P(h)/(R*T(h)) (%i42) excel_round(ρ(20000)*10^4,2); (%o42) 12.67 </syntaxhighlight>This result agrees with the density value of the standard atmosphere at 20,000 ft. Using the expression for the air density as a function of altitude, an expression for dynamic pressure is as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i43) q(h,VTAS) := ((\ρ(h)*VTAS^2))/2; (%o43) q(h,VTAS):=(ρ(h)*VTAS^2)/2 </syntaxhighlight>Using the expression above, values of dynamic pressure can be calculated as a function of altitude and true airspeed as follows for 20,000 feet and 15,000 feet at 200 ft/s:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i44) q(20000,200); (%o44) 25.34079027107967 (%i45) q(15000,200); (%o45) 29.922636037412556 </syntaxhighlight>This value can be checked using the value for density from the Standard Atmosphere table at 15,000 ft and the expression for dynamic pressure as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i46) excel_round(%,2); (%o46) 29.92 (%i47) (200.0^2)*0.001496/2.0; (%o47) 29.919999999999998 (%i48) excel_round(%,2); (%o48) 29.92 </syntaxhighlight>In the context of aviation and aircraft performance, airspeeds are commonly referenced to knots (nautical miles per hour) instead of ft/s. To determine dynamic pressure as a function of altitude and true airspeed in knots, the following expressions are used:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i49) VTAS(knots) := 1.687811*knots; (%o49) VTAS(knots):=1.687811*knots (%i50) excel_round(VTAS(118.49676),2); (%o50) 200.0 (%i51) q(h,knots) (%o51) q(h,knots):=(ρ(h)*VTAS(knots)^2)/2 (%i52) excel_round(q(15000,118.49676),2); (%o52) 29.92 </syntaxhighlight>So approximately 118 knots true airspeed is equivalent to 200 ft/s, and the above expression for dynamic pressure is in terms of a function of altitude in feet and true airspeed in knots. ==== Plotting ==== Maxima has several ways to do plotting. The image that follows is a simple plot of density as a function of altitude produced using the plotting operator <code>wxplot2d()</code>:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i53) T(h) := 518.688 - 0.0035616*h; (%o53) T(h):=518.688-0.0035616*h (%i54) P(h) := 2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^-6*h)^5.26054; (%o54) P(h):=2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^(-6)*h)^5.26054 (%i55) R : 1716.56; (R) 1716.56 (%i56) ρ(h) := P(h)/(R*T(h)); (%o56) ρ(h):=P(h)/(R*T(h)) (%i57) wxplot2d([ρ(h)], [h,-100,35000])$ </syntaxhighlight> [[File:Density as a Function of Altitude.png|thumb|876x876px|'''Air Density (slugs/ft³) As a Function of Altitude (ft)'''|none]] ==== A Practical Application - True Airspeed (TAS) ==== Having the display of TAS during actual flight conditions is very useful information. With the necessary sensors and electronics, TAS can be displayed continuously to pilots during changing flight conditions. One way to accomplish this is to have aircraft sensors that measure values of dynamic pressure, air pressure, and air temperature. These measured values can be used by electronic devices designed to calculate TAS for display and use by other equipment. The essentials of how this could be implemented can be demonstrated using Maxima by way of the expressions that follow:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i1) dpe : q = 1/2*ρ*V^2; (dpe) q=(V^2*ρ)/2 (%i2) solutions:solve(dpe,V); (solutions) [V=-(sqrt(2)*sqrt(q/ρ)),V=sqrt(2)*sqrt(q/ρ)] </syntaxhighlight>The above expressions result in a list of two solution expressions. The second of these two is the one that is useful in this context.<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i3) solutions[2]; (%o3) V=sqrt(2)*sqrt(q/ρ) (%i4) igl : \ρ = P/(R*T); (igl) ρ=P/(R*T) (%i5) eq : subst(rhs(igl),\ρ,solutions[2]); (%o5) V=sqrt(2)*sqrt((R*T*q)/P) </syntaxhighlight>In the last of the above expressions the <code>subst()</code> operator is used to substitute an expression for density ρ in the expression for speed V.<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i6) R :1716.56; (R) 1716.56 (%i7) V(q,P,T) := ''(rhs(eq)); (%o7) V(q,P,T):=sqrt(2)*sqrt((R*T*q)/P) </syntaxhighlight>The value for R determines the units: * dynamic pressure q is in lbf/ft² * pressure P is in lbf/ft² * T is in °R * V is in ft/s The second of the two expressions above define a Maxima function for V in terms of values of dynamic pressure q, air pressure P, and temperature T. This expression for speed can be checked using known values. At 15,000 ft if: q is 29.92 lbf/ft² P is 1194.79 lbf/ft² T is 465.24 °R then:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i8) load("excel_round.mac"); (%o8) "/home/davidmiller/Downloads/excel_round.mac" (%i9) excel_round(float(V(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o9) 200.0 </syntaxhighlight>This resulting value of 200 ft/s for the TAS agrees with previous calculations under the given conditions. However, this is TAS in ft/s. Displaying TAS in terms of knots is much more relevant. The conversion factor for this purpose is 1.687811. So TAS in terms of knots can be expressed as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i10) TAS(q,P,T) := V( q,P,T)/1.687811; (%o10) TAS(q,P,T):=V(q,P,T)/1.687811 (%i11) excel_round(float(TAS(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o11) 118.5 </syntaxhighlight>The result is 118.5 knots for TAS which agrees with previous calculated values. The expression for TAS could have been more general by using an identifier (cf, for example) for the conversion factor as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i12) TAS(q,P,T) := V( q,P,T)/cf; (%o12) TAS(q,P,T):=V(q,P,T)/cf (%i13) cf : 1.687811; (cf) 1.687811 (%i14) excel_round(float(TAS(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o14) 118.5 </syntaxhighlight>The conversion factor for meters per second (m/s) is: 3.28084<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i15) cf:3.28084; (cf) 3.28084 (%i16) excel_round(float(TAS(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o16) 61.0 </syntaxhighlight>This is TAS in meters per second. Thus, by changing the value of only the conversion factor, TAS could be determined for various units of measure. == Summary == This section provided examples of the use of Maxima expressions in an applied context. It was demonstrated that Maxima can be used effectively for numerical computations. However, unlike typical general purpose programming languages, it was also demonstrated that Maxima is capable of providing much more capability than merely "number crunching" by way of symbolic operations. The symbolic expression capabilities of Maxima extend way beyond what was demonstrated in this section. The purpose of this section is not to provide a comprehensive survey of the symbolic expression capabilities of Maxima. Rather, it is intended to be an introduction to Maxima for the sake of familiarity with the sort of expressions that are typical for using Maxima in an applied context, with the syntax that is used for Maxima expressions, and generally the important role expressions have in interacting with the Maxima interface. Three Maxima operators that should be recognized as used frequently as evidenced by the expressions of this section are: # <code>=</code> the equality operator (equation expressions) # <code>:=</code> the Maxima function definition operator # <code>:</code> the assignment operator No matter the task at hand for which Maxima is being used, these three operators are likely to be essential, so having a clear understanding of the nature of each is important. Here is what a ''wxMaxima'' "Tip of the Day" remarks about the first two:<blockquote>"Equations have several advantages over functions. For example they can be manipulated with factor(), expand() and similar functions. They can easily be introduced one into another."</blockquote>It is essential to recognize that Maxima function expressions entered using the <code>:=</code> operator are not synonymous with the mathematical concept of a function, and this is also the case with typical general purpose programming languages, and not only Maxima. The Maxima function (in the programming sense) operator can be used to define a function (in the mathematical sense), but this is not generally the case for all Maxima function expressions. Maxima function expressions can be entered that cannot be used to define a mathematical function in the technical sense. To define a mathematical function using Maxima, to be precise, would require something similar to the following expressions:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i1) y = f(x); (%o1) y=f(x) (%i2) f(x) := x^3; (%o2) f(x):=x^3 (%i3) y = f(x), x=3; (%o3) y=27 (%i4) y = f(3); (%o4) y=27 (%i5) is(y = f(3)); (%o5) false (%i6) is(y = f(3)), y = 27; (%o6) true (%i7) f(3); (%o7) 27 </syntaxhighlight>The first the above expressions, if evaluated, will have a value of <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>, depending on the values of <code>x</code> and <code>y</code>. The second of these two expressions will have a numerical value that depends only on the numerical value of <code>x</code>. This difference is essential to understand. For a function, in the mathematical sense, it is necessary for values of ''x'' and ''y'' to evaluate to true as applied to the expression ''y = f(x)'', that is the values of the ordered pairs of numbers ''(x,y)'' evaluate the expression <code>y = f(x)</code> to <code>true</code> if they are instances of the function, and <code>false</code> otherwise. The function <code>f(x)</code>, in the programming sense, can be defined in all sorts of ways as a Maxima expressions, including for the purpose of the definition of a mathematical function, but not necessarily so. The <code>:</code> assignment operator is most typical used to name another value or expression. The word "identifier" in this case is understood to be a name that is in a sense identical to a value or expression. some examples follow:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i08) x : 2; (x) 2 (%i09) x; (%o09) 2 (%i10) y : 3.14159; (y) 3.14159 (%i11) y; (%o11) 3.14159 (%i12) r : rationalize(0.1); (r) 3602879701896397/36028797018963968 (%i13) r; (%o13) 3602879701896397/36028797018963968 (%i14) s : "a string"; (s) "a string" (%i15) s; (%o15) "a string" (%i16) \9ofHearts : true; (\9ofHearts) true (%i17) \9ofHearts; (%o17) true </syntaxhighlight>Assignment is not limited however to simple expressions such as these. Entire expressions from simple to more complex can be assigned to identifiers. For example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i18) z : m + n +3; (z) n+m+3 (%i19) z; (%o19) n+m+3 (%i20) ex1 : a*x^2 +b*x + c; (ex1) c+2*b+4*a (%i21) ex1; (%o21) c+2*b+4*a (%i22) ex2 : 'integrate( %e^(2*t+a)*sin(t)*t,t); (ex2) integrate(%e^(2*t+a)*t*sin(t),t) (%i23) ex2; (%o23) integrate(%e^(2*t+a)*t*sin(t),t) (%i24) solution : ex2, integrate; (solution) ((10*%e^(2*t+a)*t-3*%e^(2*t+a))*sin(t)+(4*%e^(2*t+a)-5*%e^(2*t+a)*t)*cos(t))/25 (%i25) solution; (%o25) ((10*%e^(2*t+a)*t-3*%e^(2*t+a))*sin(t)+(4*%e^(2*t+a)-5*%e^(2*t+a)*t)*cos(t))/25 </syntaxhighlight>This sort of assignment is not possible using typical general purpose programming languages, and will result in undefined variable error messages. For example in the case of Julia:<syntaxhighlight lang="julia-repl"> julia> z = m + n + 3 ERROR: UndefVarError: `m` not defined in `Main` Suggestion: check for spelling errors or missing imports. Stacktrace: [1] top-level scope @ REPL[1]:1 </syntaxhighlight>Julia is a very capable and useful programming language, especially for numerical computations, but symbolic expressions are not what Julia was intended to be used for. Maxima on the other hand, is quite at home with symbolic expressions. Some of the output expressions in these examples are rendered in a much more readable and conventional manner by the ''wxMaxima'' GUI using typical mathematical notation. The output for <code>ex2</code> for example is rendered as: [[File:Image_of_wxMaxima_output.png]] The output for the <code>solution</code> identifier is rendered as: [[File:Another image of wxMaxima expression.png|500x500px]] The reader is referred to Sections 9.6 (Assignment operators) and 22 (Equations) of the Maxima Help document for more information related to these three operators and more. {{BookCat}} a6p5c7y613edkzfmgbum5zqrcx4m4kb 4634471 4634467 2026-05-06T18:01:15Z Idavidmiller 3577687 4634471 wikitext text/x-wiki == Getting Used to Maxima By Way of an Example of Use == The examples that follows are presented for the purpose of providing some beginning perspective, and hopefully some motivation to make the effort to get familiar with how Maxima works. The task at hand is relevant in the context of aerodynamics and aviation. The specific goal is to find the dynamic pressure at a true airspeed (VTAS) of 200 ft/s at sea level. Dynamic pressure <math display="inline">q</math> is calculated using the expression:<math display="block">q = \rho V^2/2</math>Where: * <math>q</math> = dynamic pressure lbf/ft² (pounds of force per square foot) * <math display="inline">\rho</math> = air density (at sea level is 0.0023769) slugs/ft³ * <math>V</math> = true airspeed in feet per second (ft/s). British Engineering units are used in this context to avoid multiple conversions due to the units used. It is better to convert in the end if necessary in this case. '''Note:''' The appearance of the following Maxima examples may vary depending on Unicode support in the version of Maxima being used and the Maxima user interface -- UI. The Maxima examples used in this book are from the ''wxMaxima'' GUI unless noted otherwise, and a version of Maxima with Unicode support. First, enter the Maxima expression for dynamic pressure q:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i1) q : 1/2*\ρ*V^2; (q) (V^2*ρ)/2 </syntaxhighlight>This Maxima expression uses the colon character to assign the expression for dynamic pressure to the identifier q. The identifier q is now simply a name for an expression. The equal sign ( = ) is not used for this operation in Maxima as is the case with some programming languages. This Maxima line of a input expression ends with a semicolon ( ; ) character. Each line of input must end with a semicolon or the dollar sign character ( $ ), the use of which will be described later. Next, enter an assignment expression for the numerical value of the air density at sea level:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i2) \ρ : 0.0023769; (ρ) 0.0023769</syntaxhighlight>Density ρ is in the units of slugs per cubic foot - slugs/ft³. With this next input expression, Maxima is asked to evaluate q. This is accomplished by two single quotation marks placed before q as shown next:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i3) ''q; (%o3) 0.0033855446120918224*VTAS^2 </syntaxhighlight> The output indicates that q depends on VTAS -- true airspeed. The goal is to evaluate q, if VTAS = 200 ft/s is true. One way to do that is with the following Maxima expression:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i4) ''q, VTAS = 200; (%o4) 135.42178448367287 </syntaxhighlight>The result is about 135 pounds of force per square foot. There is another way to accomplish this that may be somewhat more convenient for determining sea level dynamic pressure given true airspeed. First, assign the Maxima floating point literal value of 0.0033855446120918224 to an identifier named <code>c</code> as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i5) c : 0.0033855446120918224; (c) 0.0033855446120918224</syntaxhighlight>Next, enter<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i6) q(VTAS) := c*VTAS^2; (%o6) q(VTAS):=c*VTAS^2 </syntaxhighlight><syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i7) q(200); (%o7) 135.4217844836729 </syntaxhighlight>This result is limited to sea level density. That does not make the result of no practical use. This relationship, or something similar is, used to calibrate aircraft airspeed indicators to display indicated airspeed (IAS) in the cockpit. However, it might be the case that it is necessary to determine the dynamic pressure at other altitudes besides sea level. In the standard atmosphere model, air density is a function of altitude (h), and is defined piece-wise based on the atmospheric layer. The density is derived from the Ideal Gas Law: <math>P = \rho R T</math> where in British Engineering units: * <math>\rho</math> ‒ is density in slugs/ft³ * <math>P</math> ‒ is pressure in lbf/ft² * <math>T</math>‒ is temperature in °R (Rankine) * <math>R</math> ‒ is the specific gas constant (for dry air) approximately 1716.56 (ft·lbf)/(slug·°R) <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i8) P = \ρ*R*T; (%o8) P=RTρ </syntaxhighlight>The backslash character ( <code>\</code> ) in front of the character for <math>\rho</math> in the input expression allows an identifier to use Unicode. This makes for some nicer looking output. This is a Maxima mathematical equation expression. This equation can be solved for <math>\rho</math> as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i9) solve(%,\ρ); (%o58) [ρ=P/(R*T)]</syntaxhighlight>The Maxima built-in identifier <code>%</code> names the last output expression.The output of this expression is a Maxima list object with the only instance being the equation expression solved for <math>\rho</math>. Depending on the expression, the <code>solve()</code> operation may result in more than one solution expression. Maxima creates a list object for one or more solution expressions. This solution equation expression can be accessed as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i10) %[1]; (%o10) ρ=P/(R*T) </syntaxhighlight>The value of this expression is obtained by referencing the first (and only) solution of the Maxima list object of solutions ‒ <code>[ρ=P*R*T]</code>. The reference is obtained by use of the <code>[1]</code> index syntax as shown. There are other ways Maxima can be used to accomplish the same result: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i11) igl : P = \ρ*R*T; (igl) P=R*T*ρ</syntaxhighlight>In this case the expression for the ideal gas law was assigned an identifier <code>igl</code>. The advantage to this sort of assignment is that the equation can be referred to using the identifier as follows for example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i12) solve(igl,\ρ); (%o12) [ρ=P/(R*T)] </syntaxhighlight>The identifier <code>igl</code> can be used at any point to refer to the equation expression: <code>P = \ρ*R*T)</code>. An assignment operator can also be used to assign the identifier <code>solution</code> to an expression. For example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i13) solve(igl,\ρ); (%o13) [ρ=P/(R*T)] (%i14) solution : solve(igl,\ρ); (solution) [ρ=P/(R*T)] (%i15) solve(solution,P)[1]; (%o15) P=R*T*ρ</syntaxhighlight>The last input and output expression might be somewhat of a "head-scratcher" at first glance, but it is worthwhile to understand how Maxima works in this case. The identifier solution names an expression that uses the <code>solve()</code> operator on the identifier <code>igl</code> as an argument. This expression is evaluated first by Maxima. Then the <code>solve()</code> operator is applied to the result solving for <code>P</code>. The result is a list object with one solution expression. This expression is then referred to using the <code>[1]</code> index, and the output is the equation expression <code>P=R*T*ρ</code> . The expression for ρ (density) as a function of pressure (p) and temperature (°F) can be checked against known values using the following expressions: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i16) \°R(\°F) := \°F + 459.67; (%o16) °R(°F):=°F+459.67 (%i17) P(p) := p*144.0; (%o17) P(p):=p*144.0 (%i18) R:1716.56; (R) 1716.56 (%i19) \ρ(p,\°F) := P(p)/(''R*\°R(\°F)); (%o19) ρ(p,°F):=P(p)/(1716.56*°R(°F))</syntaxhighlight>The above Maxima expressions are examples of Maxima function expressions. For standard sea level conditions of pressure and temperature as follows, * p is 14.696 lbf/ft² * °F is 59.0° the calculated value for density is:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i20) \ρ(14.696,59.0); (%20) 0.0023769033250291326</syntaxhighlight>Compare this resulting value of density with the the value of the table below for 0 altitude and temperature of 59.0 °F: {| class="wikitable" |+U.S. Standard Atmosphere vs. Altitude - BE Units !Altitude above Sea Level - ''h'' - ''(ft)'' !Temperature - T ''-'' ''(^oF)'' !Acceleration of Gravity - ''g -'' ''(ft/s²)'' !Pressure - ''p -'' ''(lb/in²)'' !Density - ''ρ -'' ''(10^-4 slugs/ft³)'' |- |0 |59.0 |32.174 |14.696 |23.77 |- |5000 |41.17 |32.159 |12.228 |20.48 |- |10000 |23.36 |32.143 |10.108 |17.56 |- |15000 |5.55 |32.128 |8.297 |14.96 |- |20000 | -12.26 |32.112 |6.759 |12.67 |- |25000 | -30.05 |32.097 |5.461 |10.66 |- |30000 | -47.83 |32.082 |4.373 |8.91 |- |35000 | -65.61 |32.066 |3.468 |7.38 |} It would be useful to have the means to round result values to a desired number of decimal places. Maxima does not have a built-in operator for rounding decimal fraction values. Also, there is no package that is included as part of the Maxima distribution that provides for this capability. However, Robert Dodier has created a Maxima package that includes a function for this purpose ‒ named <code>excel_round.mac</code><code><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dodier |first=Robert |title=maxima-packages/robert-dodier/excel_round/ |url=https://github.com/maxima-project-on-github/maxima-packages/tree/master/robert-dodier/excel_round|website=GitHub}}</ref></code>. However, to be able access the <code>excel_round()</code> function of this package, it must first be downloaded or copied into a location accessible to Maxima using the <code>load()</code> operator. The built-in Maxima <code>load()</code> operator is used to access specialized functions that are not built-in to Maxima. In order to use the <code>load()</code> operator, the location of the downloaded <code>excel_round.mac</code> file has to be part of the argument to the <code>load()</code> operator unless the file happens to be in the Maxima current working directory. The built-in <code>operatingsystem</code> package can provide some functions to help with determining the current working directory. This package is loaded as follows: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i21) load(operatingsystem); (%o21) "/usr/local/share/maxima/5.49.0/share/contrib/operatingsystem/operatingsystem.mac" (%i22) getcurrentdirectory(); (%o22) "/home/username/" </syntaxhighlight>In this example <code>username</code> is the name of the home directory of the user. so if the downloaded <code>excel_round.mac</code> file is not located in the current working directory, then the directory can be changed to the location where the file is located: <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima">(%i22) chdir("/home/username/local/maxima/packages"); (%o22) "#P"/home/username/local/maxima/packages""</syntaxhighlight>Now the <code>excel_round.mac</code> file can be loaded assuming it is within the directory <code>/home/username/local/maxima/packages</code> as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i23) load("excel_round.mac"); (%o23) "excel_round.mac" </syntaxhighlight>Alternatively, if the location of the file is known it can be loaded using the full path name as follows for example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i24) load("/home/username/local/maxima/packages/excel_round.mac"); (%o24) "/home/username/local/maxima/packages/excel_round.mac" </syntaxhighlight>This method obviates the need for loading the <code>operatingsystem</code> package. '''Note:''' The ''wxMaxima'' GUI makes loading packages simply a matter of a menu selection. The density value above can be rounded to six decimal places as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i25) excel_round(ρ(14.696,59.0),6); (%o25) 0.002377 </syntaxhighlight>This rounded value agrees with the sea level value of <math display="inline">23.77 \cdot 10^{-4}</math> slugs/ft³ taken from the table of Standard Atmosphere values. For Standard Atmosphere values of pressure ( 6.758 lbf/in² ) and temperature ( -12.26 °F ) at 20,000 ft the density value is:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i26) excel_round(ρ(6.759,-12.26),6); (%o26) 0.001267 </syntaxhighlight>This rounded value agrees with the sea level value of <math display="inline">12.67 \cdot 10^{-4}</math> slugs/ft³ taken from the table of Standard Atmosphere values. ===== Pressure ===== However, what is needed for the task at hand is density as a function of altitude. Both the pressure P and the temperature T can be expressed as a function of altitude h: <math display="block">P = P_0(1 - L\cdot h/T_0)^{g/(R \cdot L)} </math> Where in British Engineering units, the constants are: * <math display="inline">P</math> is Pressure in pounds per square foot lbf/ft² * <math display="inline">P_0</math> is (Sea Level Pressure): 2116.224 lbf/ft² or 14.696 lbf/in² * <math display="inline">R</math> is the specific gas constant (for dry air) approximately 1716.56 (ft·lbf)/(slug·°R) * <math display="inline">T_0 </math> is (Sea Level Temperature): 518.67 °R (15 °C or 59 °F) * <math display="inline">L</math> is (Lapse Rate): 0.003563 °R/ft * <math>g</math> is 32.174 ft/s² * <math display="inline">h</math> is altitude in feet above sea level The exponent <math display="inline">\frac{g}{R \cdot L}</math> evaluates to approximately 5.26054:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i27) 32.174/(0.003563*1716.56); (%o27) 5.260539027391964 (%i28) excel_round(%,5); (%o28) 5.26054 </syntaxhighlight><math display="inline">L/T_0</math> evaluates to approximately <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i29) 0.003563/518.67; (%o29) 6.869493126650858*10^-6 (%i30) excel_round(6.869493126650858*10^-6,11); (%o30) 6.86949*10^-6 </syntaxhighlight> ===== Temperature ===== <math display="inline">T = 518.67 - 0.003563 \cdot h</math> * <math display="inline">T</math> is Temperature in °R * <math display="inline">h</math> is altitude in feet. ===== Practical Formulas for Pressure and Temperature ===== Thus, the practical formula for pressure and temperatures in terms of British Engineering units are: <math>P = 2116.224\cdot(1-(6.86949 \cdot 10^{-6}) \cdot h)^{5.26054}</math> lbf/ft² <math display="inline">T = 518.67 - 0.003563 \cdot h</math> °R ====== Pressure ====== <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i31) P(h) := 2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^-6*h)^5.26054; (%o31) P(h):=2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^(-6)*h)^5.26054 (%i32) p(P) := P/144.0; (%o32) p(P):=P/144.0 (%i33) P(20000); (%o33) 973.0940875140712 (%i34) p(%); (%o34) 6.757597829958828 (%i35) excel_round(%,3); (%o35) 6.758 </syntaxhighlight> ====== Temperature ====== <syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i36) T(h) := 518.67 - 0.003563*h; (%o36) T(h):=518.67-0.003563*h (%i37) T(20000); (%o37) 447.40999999999997 (%i38) excel_round(%,2); (%o38) 447.41 (%i39) \°F(\°R) := \°R -459.67; (%o39) °F(°R):=°R-459.67 (%i40) \°F(447.41); (%o40) -12.259999999999991 (%i41) excel_round(%,2); (%o41) -12.26 </syntaxhighlight> ===== Density ===== The expressions for pressure and temperature as functions of altitude can be used with the expression for the ideal gas law for an expression of density as a function of altitude as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i42) ρ(h) := P(h)/(R*T(h)); (%o42) ρ(h):=P(h)/(R*T(h)) (%i42) excel_round(ρ(20000)*10^4,2); (%o42) 12.67 </syntaxhighlight>This result agrees with the density value of the standard atmosphere at 20,000 ft. Using the expression for the air density as a function of altitude, an expression for dynamic pressure is as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i43) q(h,VTAS) := ((\ρ(h)*VTAS^2))/2; (%o43) q(h,VTAS):=(ρ(h)*VTAS^2)/2 </syntaxhighlight>Using the expression above, values of dynamic pressure can be calculated as a function of altitude and true airspeed as follows for 20,000 feet and 15,000 feet at 200 ft/s:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i44) q(20000,200); (%o44) 25.34079027107967 (%i45) q(15000,200); (%o45) 29.922636037412556 </syntaxhighlight>This value can be checked using the value for density from the Standard Atmosphere table at 15,000 ft and the expression for dynamic pressure as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i46) excel_round(%,2); (%o46) 29.92 (%i47) (200.0^2)*0.001496/2.0; (%o47) 29.919999999999998 (%i48) excel_round(%,2); (%o48) 29.92 </syntaxhighlight>In the context of aviation and aircraft performance, airspeeds are commonly referenced to knots (nautical miles per hour) instead of ft/s. To determine dynamic pressure as a function of altitude and true airspeed in knots, the following expressions are used:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i49) VTAS(knots) := 1.687811*knots; (%o49) VTAS(knots):=1.687811*knots (%i50) excel_round(VTAS(118.49676),2); (%o50) 200.0 (%i51) q(h,knots) (%o51) q(h,knots):=(ρ(h)*VTAS(knots)^2)/2 (%i52) excel_round(q(15000,118.49676),2); (%o52) 29.92 </syntaxhighlight>So approximately 118 knots true airspeed is equivalent to 200 ft/s, and the above expression for dynamic pressure is in terms of a function of altitude in feet and true airspeed in knots. ==== Plotting ==== Maxima has several ways to do plotting. The image that follows is a simple plot of density as a function of altitude produced using the plotting operator <code>wxplot2d()</code>:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i53) T(h) := 518.688 - 0.0035616*h; (%o53) T(h):=518.688-0.0035616*h (%i54) P(h) := 2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^-6*h)^5.26054; (%o54) P(h):=2116.224*(1-6.8649*10^(-6)*h)^5.26054 (%i55) R : 1716.56; (R) 1716.56 (%i56) ρ(h) := P(h)/(R*T(h)); (%o56) ρ(h):=P(h)/(R*T(h)) (%i57) wxplot2d([ρ(h)], [h,-100,35000])$ </syntaxhighlight> [[File:Density as a Function of Altitude.png|thumb|876x876px|'''Air Density (slugs/ft³) As a Function of Altitude (ft)'''|none]] ==== A Practical Application - True Airspeed (TAS) ==== Having the display of TAS during actual flight conditions is very useful information. With the necessary sensors and electronics, TAS can be displayed continuously to pilots during changing flight conditions. One way to accomplish this is to have aircraft sensors that measure values of dynamic pressure, air pressure, and air temperature. These measured values can be used by electronic devices designed to calculate TAS for display and use by other equipment. The essentials of how this could be implemented can be demonstrated using Maxima by way of the expressions that follow:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i1) dpe : q = 1/2*ρ*V^2; (dpe) q=(V^2*ρ)/2 (%i2) solutions:solve(dpe,V); (solutions) [V=-(sqrt(2)*sqrt(q/ρ)),V=sqrt(2)*sqrt(q/ρ)] </syntaxhighlight>The above expressions result in a list of two solution expressions. The second of these two is the one that is useful in this context.<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i3) solutions[2]; (%o3) V=sqrt(2)*sqrt(q/ρ) (%i4) igl : \ρ = P/(R*T); (igl) ρ=P/(R*T) (%i5) eq : subst(rhs(igl),\ρ,solutions[2]); (%o5) V=sqrt(2)*sqrt((R*T*q)/P) </syntaxhighlight>In the last of the above expressions the <code>subst()</code> operator is used to substitute an expression for density ρ in the expression for speed V.<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i6) R :1716.56; (R) 1716.56 (%i7) V(q,P,T) := ''(rhs(eq)); (%o7) V(q,P,T):=sqrt(2)*sqrt((R*T*q)/P) </syntaxhighlight>The value for R determines the units: * dynamic pressure q is in lbf/ft² * pressure P is in lbf/ft² * T is in °R * V is in ft/s The second of the two expressions above define a Maxima function for V in terms of values of dynamic pressure q, air pressure P, and temperature T. This expression for speed can be checked using known values. At 15,000 ft if: q is 29.92 lbf/ft² P is 1194.79 lbf/ft² T is 465.24 °R then:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i8) load("excel_round.mac"); (%o8) "/home/davidmiller/Downloads/excel_round.mac" (%i9) excel_round(float(V(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o9) 200.0 </syntaxhighlight>This resulting value of 200 ft/s for the TAS agrees with previous calculations under the given conditions. However, this is TAS in ft/s. Displaying TAS in terms of knots is much more relevant. The conversion factor for this purpose is 1.687811. So TAS in terms of knots can be expressed as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i10) TAS(q,P,T) := V( q,P,T)/1.687811; (%o10) TAS(q,P,T):=V(q,P,T)/1.687811 (%i11) excel_round(float(TAS(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o11) 118.5 </syntaxhighlight>The result is 118.5 knots for TAS which agrees with previous calculated values. The expression for TAS could have been more general by using an identifier (cf, for example) for the conversion factor as follows:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i12) TAS(q,P,T) := V( q,P,T)/cf; (%o12) TAS(q,P,T):=V(q,P,T)/cf (%i13) cf : 1.687811; (cf) 1.687811 (%i14) excel_round(float(TAS(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o14) 118.5 </syntaxhighlight>The conversion factor for meters per second (m/s) is: 3.28084<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i15) cf:3.28084; (cf) 3.28084 (%i16) excel_round(float(TAS(29.92,1194.79,465.24)),1); (%o16) 61.0 </syntaxhighlight>This is TAS in meters per second. Thus, by changing the value of only the conversion factor, TAS could be determined for various units of measure. == Summary == This section provided examples of the use of Maxima expressions in an applied context. It was demonstrated that Maxima can be used effectively for numerical computations. However, unlike typical general purpose programming languages, it was also demonstrated that Maxima is capable of providing much more capability than merely "number crunching" by way of symbolic operations. The symbolic expression capabilities of Maxima extend way beyond what was demonstrated in this section. The purpose of this section is not to provide a comprehensive survey of the symbolic expression capabilities of Maxima. Rather, it is intended to be an introduction to Maxima for the sake of familiarity with the sort of expressions that are typical for using Maxima in an applied context, with the syntax that is used for Maxima expressions, and generally the important role expressions have in interacting with the Maxima interface. Three Maxima operators that should be recognized as used frequently as evidenced by the expressions of this section are: # <code>=</code> the equality operator (equation expressions) # <code>:=</code> the Maxima function definition operator # <code>:</code> the assignment operator No matter the task at hand for which Maxima is being used, these three operators are likely to be essential, so having a clear understanding of the nature of each is important. Here is what a ''wxMaxima'' "Tip of the Day" remarks about the first two:<blockquote>"Equations have several advantages over functions. For example they can be manipulated with factor(), expand() and similar functions. They can easily be introduced one into another."</blockquote>It is essential to recognize that Maxima function expressions entered using the <code>:=</code> operator are not synonymous with the mathematical concept of a function, and this is also the case with typical general purpose programming languages, and not only Maxima. The Maxima function (in the programming sense) operator can be used to define a function (in the mathematical sense), but this is not generally the case for all Maxima function expressions. Maxima function expressions can be entered that cannot be used to define a mathematical function in the technical sense. To define a mathematical function using Maxima, to be precise, would require something similar to the following expressions:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i1) y = f(x); (%o1) y=f(x) (%i2) f(x) := x^3; (%o2) f(x):=x^3 (%i3) y = f(x), x=3; (%o3) y=27 (%i4) y = f(3); (%o4) y=27 (%i5) is(y = f(3)); (%o5) false (%i6) is(y = f(3)), y = 27; (%o6) true (%i7) f(3); (%o7) 27 </syntaxhighlight>The first the above expressions, if evaluated, will have a value of <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>, depending on the values of <code>x</code> and <code>y</code>. The second of these two expressions will have a numerical value that depends only on the numerical value of <code>x</code>. This difference is essential to understand. For a function, in the mathematical sense, it is necessary for values of ''x'' and ''y'' to evaluate to true as applied to the expression ''y = f(x)'', that is the values of the ordered pairs of numbers ''(x,y)'' evaluate the expression <code>y = f(x)</code> to <code>true</code> if they are instances of the function, and <code>false</code> otherwise. The function <code>f(x)</code>, in the programming sense, can be defined in all sorts of ways as a Maxima expressions, including for the purpose of the definition of a mathematical function, but not necessarily so. The <code>:</code> assignment operator is most typical used to name another value or expression. The word "identifier" in this case is understood to be a name that is in a sense identical to a value or expression. some examples follow:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i08) x : 2; (x) 2 (%i09) x; (%o09) 2 (%i10) y : 3.14159; (y) 3.14159 (%i11) y; (%o11) 3.14159 (%i12) r : rationalize(0.1); (r) 3602879701896397/36028797018963968 (%i13) r; (%o13) 3602879701896397/36028797018963968 (%i14) s : "a string"; (s) "a string" (%i15) s; (%o15) "a string" (%i16) \9ofHearts : true; (\9ofHearts) true (%i17) \9ofHearts; (%o17) true </syntaxhighlight>Assignment is not limited however to simple expressions such as these. Entire expressions from simple to more complex can be assigned to identifiers. For example:<syntaxhighlight lang="maxima"> (%i18) z : m + n +3; (z) n+m+3 (%i19) z; (%o19) n+m+3 (%i20) ex1 : a*x^2 +b*x + c; (ex1) c+2*b+4*a (%i21) ex1; (%o21) c+2*b+4*a (%i22) ex2 : 'integrate( %e^(2*t+a)*sin(t)*t,t); (ex2) integrate(%e^(2*t+a)*t*sin(t),t) (%i23) ex2; (%o23) integrate(%e^(2*t+a)*t*sin(t),t) (%i24) solution : ex2, integrate; (solution) ((10*%e^(2*t+a)*t-3*%e^(2*t+a))*sin(t)+(4*%e^(2*t+a)-5*%e^(2*t+a)*t)*cos(t))/25 (%i25) solution; (%o25) ((10*%e^(2*t+a)*t-3*%e^(2*t+a))*sin(t)+(4*%e^(2*t+a)-5*%e^(2*t+a)*t)*cos(t))/25 </syntaxhighlight>This sort of assignment is not possible using typical general purpose programming languages, and will result in undefined variable error messages. For example in the case of Julia:<syntaxhighlight lang="julia-repl"> julia> z = m + n + 3 ERROR: UndefVarError: `m` not defined in `Main` Suggestion: check for spelling errors or missing imports. Stacktrace: [1] top-level scope @ REPL[1]:1 </syntaxhighlight>Julia is a very capable and useful programming language, especially for numerical computations, but symbolic expressions are not what Julia was intended to be used for. Maxima on the other hand, is quite at home with symbolic expressions. Some of the output expressions in these examples are rendered in a much more readable and conventional manner by the ''wxMaxima'' GUI using typical mathematical notation. The output for <code>ex2</code> for example is rendered as: [[File:Image_of_wxMaxima_output.png]] The output for the <code>solution</code> identifier is rendered as: [[File:Another image of wxMaxima expression.png|500x500px]] The ''wxMaxima'' GUI can be configured to suppress the <code>%</code> character displayed before the special constant <code>%e</code> in the above output expressions if desired. The reader is referred to Sections 9.6 (Assignment operators) and 22 (Equations) of the Maxima Help document for more information related to these three operators and more. {{BookCat}} e0ljj69i13e3rynvmk3novwpf6yj13e 4 482855 4634477 4634389 2026-05-06T18:23:34Z Kingofnuthin 3566511 added LLM rule 4634477 wikitext text/x-wiki {{draft}} '''Speedy deletion''' is a deletion request where reasonable opposition is not expected or possible. Anyone can request speedy deletion, and anyone who objects or believes more discussion is needed can turn a speedy deletion candidate into a [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy#Requests for deletion|request for deletion]]. A speedy deletion nomination where there is '''any''' doubt that the criterion may not apply to the page should instead be a request for deletion. Speedy deletion requests made in bad faith can be removed by anyone. 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This criterion does not apply to redirects created as a result of a page move. == Files == These criteria apply to pages in the File namespace. === Redundant === This criterion applies to unused duplicates or lower-quality/resolution copies of another Wikibooks file having the same file format. === Corrupt, missing, or empty file === This criterion applies to files that are corrupt, missing, empty, or that contain superfluous and blatant non-metadata information. === Improper license === This criterion applies to media licensed as "for non-commercial use only" (including non-commercial Creative Commons licenses), "no derivative use", "for Wikipedia use only", or "used with permission". === Lack of licensing information === This criterion applies to media files lacking the necessary licensing information to verify copyright status after being identified as such. === Files available as identical copies on Wikimedia Commons === This criterion applies to files whose identical copies are already avalible on Wikimedia Commons. === Unambiguous copyright infringement === This criterion applies to obviously non-free images (or other media files) that are not claimed by the uploader to be fair use. A URL or other indication of where the image originated should be mentioned. This does not include images with a credible claim that the owner has released them under a Wikibooks-compatible free license. === No evidence of permission === This criterion applies to files whose uploader has specified a license and has named a third party as the source or copyright holder without providing evidence that this third party has in fact agreed. == Categories == These criteria apply to pages in the Category namespace. === Unpopulated categories === This criterion applies to categories that have been unpopulated (or only populated by pages themselves tagged for speedy deletion) for at least seven days. This does not apply to disambiguation categories, category redirects, categories under discussion at a deletion discussion venue, or project categories that by their nature may become empty on occasion. == Templates == These criteria apply to pages in the Template or Module namespaces. === Unused template subpages === This criterion applies to unused subpages of templates or modules, such as: * Template documentation subpages unused by the template itself (editors tagging and deleting such pages should ensure that all relevant content, including categories, has been moved to the template page or the replacement documentation) * /core subpages which are not called by the template itself == User pages == These criteria apply to pages in the User and User talk namespaces. === User request === This criterion applies to personal user pages and subpages (but not user talk pages) upon request by their user. This also includes editnotices for user pages. === Nonexistent user === This criterion applies to user pages, user subpages, and user talk pages of users that do not exist on the English Wikibooks (check [[Special:ListUsers]]), except user pages for IP users who have edited, redirects from misspellings of an established user's user page, and redirects created due to a user being renamed. Pages of users who exist on other WMF wikis but do not have local accounts are eligible for deletion. == See also == * [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy]] {{Wikibooks policies and guidelines}} er01pnwu74ap1ip02sqi2eqgxd2usuq 4634510 4634477 2026-05-06T21:12:41Z Codename Noreste 3441010 /* Unambiguously LLM-genarated pages */ (using [[wikt:MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]) 4634510 wikitext text/x-wiki {{draft}} '''Speedy deletion''' is a deletion request where reasonable opposition is not expected or possible. Anyone can request speedy deletion, and anyone who objects or believes more discussion is needed can turn a speedy deletion candidate into a [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy#Requests for deletion|request for deletion]]. A speedy deletion nomination where there is '''any''' doubt that the criterion may not apply to the page should instead be a request for deletion. Speedy deletion requests made in bad faith can be removed by anyone. Add <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:Delete|delete]]<nowiki>|reasons for speedy deletion}}</nowiki></code> to the top of a page to request speedy deletion. That page will then appear in [[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]] for administrators to address whenever time is available. Pages that satisfy any of the following criteria below can be considered for speedy deletion. == General == General criteria apply to every type of page. === No meaningful content === This criterion applies to pages with no meaningful content. Content is not ''meaningful'' if it does not add value to readers or otherwise contribute to the project. What is considered "meaningful content" depends on the namespace. Under this criterion, you'll have to be careful when nominating or deleting pages. Always check and revert if good content in the revision history was replaced. Absence of meaningful content includes, but is not limited to: * Spam and [[Wikibooks:DWV|vandalism]]. * Test edits and nonsense. === Test page === This criterion applies to pages that are created to test editing or other Wikibooks functions. This criterion applies to subpages of the Wikibooks Sandbox created as tests, but does '''not''' apply to the Sandbox itself, pages in the user namespace, or valid but unused or duplicate templates. === Repost of work that was previously deleted === This criterion applies to sufficiently identical copies, having any title, of a page deleted via its most recent deletion discussion or with a speedy deletion. It excludes pages that are ''not'' substantially identical to the deleted version, and pages to which the reason for the deletion no longer applies. This criterion also does not cover content undeleted via a request for undeletion. === Author requests deletion === This criterion applies to pages that are being nominated by their only significant contributor. === Pages dependent on a non-existent or deleted page === This criterion applies to pages that are an example of, but not limited to: * Talk pages with no corresponding subject page * Subpages with no parent page * Timed Text pages without a corresponding file (or when the file has been moved to Commons) * Redirects to target pages that never existed or were deleted * Editnotices of non-existent or unsalted deleted pages Editors should be careful when nominating such pages, as they might be incorrectly named instead. In such cases, editors should move the page to its correctly-titled version. === Unambiguous copyright infringement === This criterion applies to text pages that contain copyrighted material with no credible assertion of public domain, fair use, or a compatible free license, where there is no non-infringing content on the page worth saving. Only if the history is unsalvageably corrupted should it be deleted in its entirety; earlier versions without infringement should be retained. Sources should be provided to prove the existence of copyright infringement. === Unambiguously LLM-generated pages === This criterion applies to pages that were clearly generated with the use of a Large Language Model (LLM), violating [[Wikibooks:Artificial intelligence]]. If there is any doubt about whether the page is LLM-genarated or not, a [[Wikibooks:Requests for deletion|request for deletion]] should be created instead. == Books == These criteria apply to pages in the book (main) namespace. They do not apply to redirects. === No context === This criterion applies to pages which lack sufficient context to identify the topic of the book. === Foreign language books === This criterion applies to pages which are not written in English. Speedy deletion nomination for these pages should clarify the language the book was written on. === No content === This crriterion applies to books consisting only of external links, category tags, attempts to correspond with the person or group named by its title, questions that should have been asked at a noticeboard, chat-like comments, template tags, or images. === Out of scope === This criterion applies to books that do not fit [[Wikibooks:What is Wikibooks?|the scope of Wikibooks]], including encyclopedic pages. Such pages may be exported to another WMF wiki where it would be in scope. === Abandoned books with no meaningful content === This criterion applies to books that have an outline or a draft, but have not been developed or expanded in a long time. In such cases, the nominator should first leave a message in the talk page of the author of the book. If the author responds by saying that they will expand it, the book should not be speedily deleted. === Consensus from contributors === This criterion applies to books whose main contributors have agreed to delete. If there is only one significant contributor, the "Author requests deletion" criterion is more appropriate. == Redirects == These criteria apply to pages that redirect to another page. === Cross-namespace redirects === This criterion applies to redirects from the main namespace to any other namespace ''except'' the Category:, Template:, Wikibooks:, and Help: namespaces. === Redirects for implausible typos === This criterion applies to redirects from implausible typos or misnomers. However, redirects from common misspellings or misnomers are generally useful, as are some redirects in other languages. This criterion does not apply to redirects created as a result of a page move. == Files == These criteria apply to pages in the File namespace. === Redundant === This criterion applies to unused duplicates or lower-quality/resolution copies of another Wikibooks file having the same file format. === Corrupt, missing, or empty file === This criterion applies to files that are corrupt, missing, empty, or that contain superfluous and blatant non-metadata information. === Improper license === This criterion applies to media licensed as "for non-commercial use only" (including non-commercial Creative Commons licenses), "no derivative use", "for Wikipedia use only", or "used with permission". === Lack of licensing information === This criterion applies to media files lacking the necessary licensing information to verify copyright status after being identified as such. === Files available as identical copies on Wikimedia Commons === This criterion applies to files whose identical copies are already avalible on Wikimedia Commons. === Unambiguous copyright infringement === This criterion applies to obviously non-free images (or other media files) that are not claimed by the uploader to be fair use. A URL or other indication of where the image originated should be mentioned. This does not include images with a credible claim that the owner has released them under a Wikibooks-compatible free license. === No evidence of permission === This criterion applies to files whose uploader has specified a license and has named a third party as the source or copyright holder without providing evidence that this third party has in fact agreed. == Categories == These criteria apply to pages in the Category namespace. === Unpopulated categories === This criterion applies to categories that have been unpopulated (or only populated by pages themselves tagged for speedy deletion) for at least seven days. This does not apply to disambiguation categories, category redirects, categories under discussion at a deletion discussion venue, or project categories that by their nature may become empty on occasion. == Templates == These criteria apply to pages in the Template or Module namespaces. === Unused template subpages === This criterion applies to unused subpages of templates or modules, such as: * Template documentation subpages unused by the template itself (editors tagging and deleting such pages should ensure that all relevant content, including categories, has been moved to the template page or the replacement documentation) * /core subpages which are not called by the template itself == User pages == These criteria apply to pages in the User and User talk namespaces. === User request === This criterion applies to personal user pages and subpages (but not user talk pages) upon request by their user. This also includes editnotices for user pages. === Nonexistent user === This criterion applies to user pages, user subpages, and user talk pages of users that do not exist on the English Wikibooks (check [[Special:ListUsers]]), except user pages for IP users who have edited, redirects from misspellings of an established user's user page, and redirects created due to a user being renamed. Pages of users who exist on other WMF wikis but do not have local accounts are eligible for deletion. == See also == * [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy]] {{Wikibooks policies and guidelines}} j0sato4w027q16op1qoegoelx18nr91 102 483114 4634455 4634299 2026-05-06T16:46:52Z SHE-LOVES-BRIAN 3581157 added a wiki link 4634455 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=excessive capitalization, missing quantities, missing ingredient links, missing categories, missing cookbook templates, stylistic adjustments needed, incorrect formatting}} [[File:Suya in skewers.jpg|thumb]]{{Recipe summary | Category = snack recipe | Cuisine = Nigerian | Origin = northern nigeria | Servings = depends on portion size | Time = 1 hour | Difficulty = 2 }} Nigerian suya is one of the country’s most iconic street foods—smoky, spicy, and deeply flavorful. It’s essentially skewered meat [[Cookbook:Meat|(usually beef, sometimes chicken or goat)]] that’s thinly sliced, coated in a bold spice mix, and grilled over open flames. At the heart of suya is its signature seasoning, called '''[[wikipedia:Yaji_(spice_blend)|yaji]]'''. This blend typically includes ground [[Cookbook:Herbs and Spices|peanuts, chili pepper, ginger, garlic, and other spices.]] The peanut base gives suya its slightly nutty taste, while the chili delivers a noticeable heat that can range from mild to intense depending on who’s making it. Suya is traditionally prepared by Hausa street vendors known as ''mai suya'', who grill the meat on long skewers over charcoal. As it cooks, they often baste it with oil and sprinkle extra yaji on top, creating that distinctive smoky crust. It’s usually served hot, wrapped in paper, and accompanied by sliced onions, tomatoes, and sometimes cabbage. A sprinkle of extra spice on the side is common if you want more kick. You’ll find suya everywhere in Nigeria—especially in the evenings—sold at roadside stands and bustling markets. Beyond just food, it’s a social experience: people gather around, chat, and enjoy freshly grilled skewers straight off the fire. If you like bold, spicy barbecue-style dishes, suya is definitely worth trying. == INGREDIENTS == * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Thinly sliced '''beef''' (most traditional) ''Alternatives:'' chicken, ram (mutton), or goat]] === [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Suya Spice Mix (Yaji)]] === * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Ground roasted peanuts (or peanut powder)]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Cayenne pepper / dry chili pepper]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Ginger powder]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Garlic powder]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Onion powder]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Stock cubes (crushed)]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Salt]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Optional: paprika, cloves, or black pepper (for extra depth)]] == PROCEDURE == * '''Slice meat thinly''' (usually beef). * '''Mix yaji''' (ground peanuts, chili, ginger, garlic, onion, salt, seasoning). * '''Coat the meat''' with oil and the spice mix; let it rest briefly. * '''Skewer the meat''' and add more spice. * '''Grill over charcoal''', turning often, until cooked and slightly charred. * '''Serve hot''' with onions, tomatoes, and extra spice. [[Category:Recipes using meat]] [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Grilled recipes]] 93vb5ftrc3jeb6ela4j7qflm4wvmpho 4634633 4634455 2026-05-07T11:53:30Z SHE-LOVES-BRIAN 3581157 4634633 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=excessive capitalization, missing quantities, missing ingredient links, missing categories, missing cookbook templates, stylistic adjustments needed, incorrect formatting}} [[File:Suya in skewers.jpg|thumb]]{{Recipe summary | Category = snack recipe | Cuisine = Nigerian | Origin = northern nigeria | Servings = depends on portion size | Time = 1 hour | Difficulty = 2 }} Nigerian suya is one of the country’s most iconic street foods—smoky, spicy, and deeply flavorful. It’s essentially skewered meat [[Cookbook:Meat|(usually beef, sometimes chicken or goat)]] that’s thinly sliced, coated in a bold spice mix, and grilled over open flames. At the heart of suya is its signature seasoning, called '''[[wikipedia:Yaji_(spice_blend)|yaji]]'''. This blend typically includes ground [[Cookbook:Herbs and Spices|peanuts, chili pepper, ginger, garlic, and other spices.]] The peanut base gives suya its slightly nutty taste, while the chili delivers a noticeable heat that can range from mild to intense depending on who’s making it. Suya is traditionally prepared by Hausa street vendors known as ''mai suya'', who grill the meat on long skewers over charcoal. As it cooks, they often baste it with oil and sprinkle extra yaji on top, creating that distinctive smoky crust. It’s usually served hot, wrapped in paper, and accompanied by sliced onions, tomatoes, and sometimes cabbage. A sprinkle of extra spice on the side is common if you want more kick. You’ll find suya everywhere in Nigeria—especially in the evenings—sold at roadside stands and bustling markets. Beyond just food, it’s a social experience: people gather around, chat, and enjoy freshly grilled skewers straight off the fire. If you like bold, spicy barbecue-style dishes, suya is definitely worth trying. == INGREDIENTS == ** [[Cookbook:Ingredients|1 kg beef (thinly sliced)]] ** [[Cookbook:Ingredients|4 tablespoons suya spice (yaji)]] ** [[Cookbook:Ingredients|2 tablespoons ground peanuts or peanut powder]] ** [[Cookbook:Ingredients|1 teaspoon ground ginger]] ** [[Cookbook:Ingredients|1 teaspoon garlic powder]] ** [[Cookbook:Ingredients|1 teaspoon paprika or chili powder]] ** [[Cookbook:Ingredients|1 seasoning cube]] ** [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Salt to taste]] ** [[Cookbook:Ingredients|2 tablespoons vegetable oil]] ** [[Cookbook:Ingredients|1 medium onion (sliced, for serving)]] ** [[Cookbook:Ingredients|2 tomatoes (sliced, for serving)]] ** [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Wooden skewers]] == PROCEDURE == * '''Slice meat thinly''' (usually beef). * '''Mix yaji''' (ground peanuts, chili, ginger, garlic, onion, salt, seasoning). * '''Coat the meat''' with oil and the spice mix; let it rest briefly. * '''Skewer the meat''' and add more spice. * '''Grill over charcoal''', turning often, until cooked and slightly charred. * '''Serve hot''' with onions, tomatoes, and extra spice. [[Category:Recipes using meat]] [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Grilled recipes]] kghdhacuq05uzkn0ucchl2n7wt9b41r 3 483121 4634492 4634410 2026-05-06T18:50:19Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 /* Welcome to the Cookbook */ Reply 4634492 wikitext text/x-wiki == Welcome to the Cookbook == {{mbox | type = | image = [[File:Foodlogo2.svg|40px]] | imageright = | style = | textstyle = | text = Hello and thank you for your recent contribution to the [[Cookbook:Table of Contents|Wikibooks Cookbook]]! When adding to the Cookbook, please make sure all content conforms to [[Cookbook:Policy|Cookbook policy]], including the [[Cookbook:Manual of Style|manual of style]] and standard page templates. Feel free to let me know if you need any help or have any questions! {{#ifeq: |||<br>'''Additional details:''' }} | small = | smallimage = | smallimageright = | smalltext = }} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:43, 4 May 2026 (UTC) :thank you [[User:SHE-LOVES-BRIAN|SHE-LOVES-BRIAN]] ([[User talk:SHE-LOVES-BRIAN|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHE-LOVES-BRIAN|contribs]]) 14:13, 5 May 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:SHE-LOVES-BRIAN|SHE-LOVES-BRIAN]] I notice that you are rapidly adding many recipes, but so far they don't meet the cookbook requirements—could you please fix these recipes before adding more? Let me know if you have questions. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:50, 5 May 2026 (UTC) :can you pls give me an example of the requirements or where i made a mistake [[User:SHE-LOVES-BRIAN|SHE-LOVES-BRIAN]] ([[User talk:SHE-LOVES-BRIAN|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHE-LOVES-BRIAN|contribs]]) 11:21, 6 May 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:SHE-LOVES-BRIAN|SHE-LOVES-BRIAN]] I have noted the problems with each recipe in the box at the top of its page, and the requirements are all described at [[Cookbook:Manual of Style]] and [[Cookbook:Policy/Recipe template]]. You will need to fix the recipes, but I can help you with one of them to help you understand what I mean. One of the most important things you're missing is quantities, since these are needed for someone to replicate the recipe. Could you start by adding quantities to [[Cookbook:Nigerian Miyan Giyada]], and I can then help with the formatting? Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:50, 6 May 2026 (UTC) hzh3yk4bsleosmjypwtzdr6fptyj99d 3 483122 4634533 4634378 2026-05-07T06:16:02Z Itzv1ktor 3581155 /* Welcome to the Cookbook */ Reply 4634533 wikitext text/x-wiki == Welcome to the Cookbook == {{mbox | type = | image = [[File:Foodlogo2.svg|40px]] | imageright = | style = | textstyle = | text = Hello and thank you for your recent contribution to the [[Cookbook:Table of Contents|Wikibooks Cookbook]]! When adding to the Cookbook, please make sure all content conforms to [[Cookbook:Policy|Cookbook policy]], including the [[Cookbook:Manual of Style|manual of style]] and standard page templates. Feel free to let me know if you need any help or have any questions! {{#ifeq: |||<br>'''Additional details:''' }} | small = | smallimage = | smallimageright = | smalltext = }} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:45, 4 May 2026 (UTC) :@[[User:Itzv1ktor|Itzv1ktor]] I notice that you are rapidly adding many recipes, but so far they don't meet the cookbook requirements—could you please fix these recipes before adding any more? Let me know if you have questions. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:50, 5 May 2026 (UTC) ::How can I fix it ? [[User:Itzv1ktor|Itzv1ktor]] ([[User talk:Itzv1ktor|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Itzv1ktor|contribs]]) 06:16, 7 May 2026 (UTC) 1fm17b6d3jnllqqqevw1dz949d5a1uc 0 483126 4634451 4634214 2026-05-06T16:40:44Z ~2026-21296-62 3574173 /* Covid19 */ 4634451 wikitext text/x-wiki {{qr-em|1=}} ==2016 vote== Crooked Hillary<br> Trump<br> ''Art of the Deal''<br> But the emails<br> Pizzagate<br> Qanon<br> Feel the Bern<br> ==Covid19== Corona<br> Lockdown<br> Omnicom<br> Social distance<br> Tiger King<br> Booster shot<br> Brainrot<br> {{BookCat}} hgwjq8kapk0yqjblyv1gna0wlxm93z6 102 483132 4634629 4634379 2026-05-07T11:28:44Z Itzv1ktor 3581155 Added categories and wiki links 4634629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=formatting errors, excessive capitalization, missing quantities, missing categories, missing recipe templates, missing appropriate linking, ingredients not in order}} '''Omi Ukpoka (Corn soup)''' is a traditional Nigerian dish from the Benin people,a traditional, aromatic soup native to the Afemai people of Northern Edo State, Nigeria, particularly Agenebode.“Omi Ukpoka” simply means '''corn soup'''. It is made from blended or pounded fresh corn, giving it a naturally thick, smooth texture and a slightly sweet taste. == INGREDIENTS == * 2 cups of fresh corn (blended or pounded) * [[Cookbook:Palm Oil|Palm oil]] * Fresh or dried fish * 8 pieces beef meat * [[Cookbook:Crayfish|Ground crayfish]] * Pepper * Seasoning cubes * Salt * Onions * [[Cookbook:Scent Leaf|Scent leaves]] ( This is optional) == PROCEDURE == * '''Prepare the corn''' Blend or pound fresh corn into a smooth paste. * '''Cook the fish or meat''' Boil with seasoning, pepper, and onions until tender. * '''Add palm oil & crayfish''' Pour in palm oil and add ground crayfish, then allow it to simmer. * '''Add the corn paste''' Stir in the blended corn gradually to avoid lumps. * '''Cook and stir''' Keep stirring as it thickens into a smooth, creamy texture. * '''Add scent leaves (optional)''' For extra aroma and flavor. * '''Serve hot''' Enjoy as a light, nourishing meal. [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Cornish recipes]] j99ziep7jj4pxjtxzy670izx4ktb6mw 102 483133 4634631 4634376 2026-05-07T11:47:30Z Itzv1ktor 3581155 Added categories and wiki links 4634631 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=}}{{Recipe summary | Name = Zobo | Category = Beverage recipies | Cuisine = Nigerian | Yield = 1 liter | Servings = 1-4 | Time = 1 hour | Difficulty = 1 | Energy = 100-200 cal | Note = Sweet ,Refreshing and cool }}[[File:Chilled Zobo drink.jpg|thumb]] '''Zobo''' is a popular Nigerian drink brewed ''from dried petals of the Hibiscus sabdariffa.it is a '''non-alcoholic herbal drink''' known for its deep red color, slightly tart taste.It is usually flavoured with ingredients like ginger, cloves, or pineapple and served best served chilled,especially in hot weather.'' == INGREDIENTS == * Dried hibiscus petals [[Cookbook:Hibiscus|(Hibiscus sabdariffa)]] * [[Cookbook:Ginger|Ginger]] * [[Cookbook:Clove|Cloves]] * [[Cookbook:Pineapple|Pineapple]] (fruit or peel, optional) * Sugar or [[Cookbook:Sweeteners|sweetener]] (to taste) * Water * [[Cookbook:Lemon|Lemon]] or [[Cookbook:Lime|lime]] (optional for extra flavour) == PROCEDURE == == 1. Sort and wash the hibiscus petals == * Pour the dried hibiscus petals into a bowl. * Pick out any dirt, sticks, or impurities. * Rinse thoroughly with clean water 2–3 times. * Drain and set aside. <references /> ---- == 2. Prepare the flavour ingredients == * Peel and slice ginger into small pieces (or blend slightly). * Wash cloves lightly. * Peel pineapple and cut into chunks (or use just the peel for stronger flavour). ---- == 3. Boil the base mixture == * Pour about '''4–6 liters of water''' into a large pot. * Add: ** Washed hibiscus petals ** Ginger ** Cloves ** Pineapple (or peel) * Cover and bring to a boil on medium heat. ---- == 4. Simmer for extraction == * Once boiling starts, reduce heat. * Let it simmer for '''20–40 minutes'''. * Stir occasionally with a wooden spoon. * You’ll notice the water turning deep red as the colour and flavour extract. == 5. Turn off heat and steep == * After simmering, turn off the heat. * Allow the mixture to '''steep for another 10–15 minutes''' for stronger taste. ---- == 6. Strain the liquid == * Place a fine sieve over a clean bowl or pot. * Carefully pour the mixture through the sieve. * Press lightly on the solids to extract more juice. * Discard the leftover pulp. ---- == 7. Sweeten and adjust flavour == * Add sugar to taste while the drink is still warm (easier to dissolve). * Stir well until fully dissolved. * Add lemon or lime juice if desired for extra freshness. ---- == 8. Cool and store == * Allow the drink to cool completely. * Pour into bottles or jugs using a funnel if needed. * Refrigerate for at least 2–4 hours before serving. == 9. Serving == * Best served chilled with ice cubes * Can be garnished with fruit slices if desired (optional) [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Nigerian beverages]] [[Category:Beverages]] [[Category:Beverages made with sugar]] q23ot3jvvf2v7q0ofduc4b9utzniktl 102 483139 4634534 4634372 2026-05-07T06:32:27Z Itzv1ktor 3581155 Added categories and wiki links 4634534 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=formatting errors, excessive capitalization, missing quantities, missing categories, missing recipe templates, missing appropriate linking}} Ewa Agoyin is a popular Nigerian street food made from very soft and mashed beans with a rich, spicy, and deeply caramelized pepper sauce. It is widely enjoyed across Nigeria, especially in cities like Lagos, where it is a common breakfast or lunch meal.It is commonly eaten,especially in urban areas like Lagos, and is often served with bread, plantain, or yam. It is known for being simple, filling, and very flavorful. == INGREDIENTS == * Brown beans (or honey beans) * Water * Salt * Dried red pepper * Onions * Palm oil * Salt === ''Optional ingredients'' === * Crayfish (for extra flavor in some versions) * A little garlic or ginger (less traditional, but sometimes used) * Seasoning cubes (optional but common) == PROCEDURE == * Cook beans and rinse and boil beans (usually brown beans) in plenty of water until they become extremely soft and mushy. * Stir or lightly mash the cooked beans until you get a smooth, thick, porridge-like texture. Add a little salt to taste. * Blend or grind dried pepper and boil it with chopped onions. Cook in palm oil and allow it to fry slowly until it becomes dark, thick, and smoky. * Add salt and seasoning cubes if desired, and continue frying until the oil rises and the sauce is well cooked. * Spoon the hot pepper sauce over the mashed beans and serve.Additions like Bread ,Fried plantain can be eaten with it [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Bean recipes]] camwwnzw1jx5cae38949wnh23p7vw4h 4634536 4634534 2026-05-07T06:54:37Z Itzv1ktor 3581155 Added categories and wiki links 4634536 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=formatting errors, excessive capitalization, missing quantities, missing categories, missing recipe templates, missing appropriate linking}} Ewa Agoyin is a popular Nigerian street food made from very soft and mashed beans with a rich, spicy, and deeply caramelized pepper sauce. It is widely enjoyed across Nigeria, especially in cities like Lagos, where it is a common breakfast or lunch meal.It is commonly eaten,especially in urban areas like Lagos, and is often served with bread, plantain, or yam. It is known for being simple, filling, and very flavorful. == INGREDIENTS == * 4 cups of Brown beans (or honey beans) * 2 cups of Water * 1 teaspoon of Salt * 8-10 dried red peppers * 1 Onion * 1 cup of [[Cookbook:Palm Oil|Palm oil]] * 1 Seasoning Cube === ''Optional ingredients'' === * 1 spoon of [[Cookbook:Crayfish|Crayfish]] * A little garlic or ginger * 2-3 teaspoons [[Cookbook:Locust Bean|locusts beans]] == PROCEDURE == * Cook beans and rinse and boil beans (usually brown beans) in plenty of water until they become extremely soft and mushy. * Stir or lightly mash the cooked beans until you get a smooth, thick, porridge-like texture. Add a little salt to taste. * Blend or grind dried pepper and boil it with chopped onions. Cook in palm oil and allow it to fry slowly until it becomes dark, thick, and smoky. * Add salt and seasoning cubes if desired, and continue frying until the oil rises and the sauce is well cooked. * Spoon the hot pepper sauce over the mashed beans and serve.Additions like Bread ,Fried plantain can be eaten with it [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Bean recipes]] n3x9t9qjz7t9a80lvue2r2h3zmoazr5 4634537 4634536 2026-05-07T06:59:39Z Itzv1ktor 3581155 Added categories and wiki links 4634537 wikitext text/x-wiki Ewa Agoyin is a popular Nigerian street food made from very soft and mashed beans with a rich, spicy, and deeply caramelized pepper sauce. It is widely enjoyed across Nigeria, especially in cities like Lagos, where it is a common breakfast or lunch meal.It is commonly eaten,especially in urban areas like Lagos, and is often served with bread, plantain, or yam. It is known for being simple, filling, and very flavorful. == INGREDIENTS == * 4 cups of Brown beans (or honey beans) * 2 cups of Water * 1 teaspoon of Salt * 8-10 dried red peppers * 1 Onion * 1 cup of [[Cookbook:Palm Oil|Palm oil]] * 1 Seasoning Cube === ''Optional ingredients'' === * 1 spoon of [[Cookbook:Crayfish|Crayfish]] * A little garlic or ginger * 2-3 teaspoons [[Cookbook:Locust Bean|locusts beans]] == PROCEDURE == * Cook beans and rinse and boil beans (usually brown beans) in plenty of water until they become extremely soft and mushy. * Stir or lightly mash the cooked beans until you get a smooth, thick, porridge-like texture. Add a little salt to taste. * Blend or grind dried pepper and boil it with chopped onions. Cook in palm oil and allow it to fry slowly until it becomes dark, thick, and smoky. * Add salt and seasoning cubes if desired, and continue frying until the oil rises and the sauce is well cooked. * Spoon the hot pepper sauce over the mashed beans and serve.Additions like Bread ,Fried plantain can be eaten with it [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Bean recipes]] rshifylgq3wznqxobhfkveudup4q0ki 5 483148 4634478 4634392 2026-05-06T18:25:04Z Kingofnuthin 3566511 /* Current criteria */ Reply 4634478 wikitext text/x-wiki == Current criteria == The current [[wb:SPEEDY|speedy deletion criteria]] include :4. Pages in a book where current book contributors support deletion. Always link to the discussion page where consensus was reached. :5. Pages that cannot comply with the scope or policies of the project. Should there be any doubt, get community consensus. I'm not clear if these are captured in the current draft. [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 16:03, 5 May 2026 (UTC) :4th criterion in our current policy wasn't included here like you mentioned, so I added it as a new criterion in the book criteria. 5th criterion is already present as "Out of scope" in the draft. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 19:54, 5 May 2026 (UTC) ::Thanks. I'd also propose including something for AI generated pages, reflecting the wikibooks AI policy. Wikipedia has a criterion for "[[w:WP:G15|LLM-generated pages without human review]]" though I think the wording could be improved (llm generated text is prohibited irrespective of if a human has reviewed it or not). ::How about, ::"Clearly LLM-generated pages. Pages unambiguously created by LLMs, contravening [[Wikibooks:Artificial intelligence]], indicated by hallucinations, patent nonsense, spurious references etc." [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 22:26, 5 May 2026 (UTC) ::: In my [[User:Codename Noreste/sandbox|sandbox]], I created what [[MediaWiki:Deletereason-dropdown]] would look like if it uses the speedy deletion criteria. Feel free to make any changes. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 02:14, 6 May 2026 (UTC) :::{{done}}, I added a short criterion for LLM use. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 18:25, 6 May 2026 (UTC) pzcyd6vz78y0mitnrj2xk52zw29nzws 4634483 4634478 2026-05-06T18:30:17Z Kingofnuthin 3566511 /* Files and Templates */ new section 4634483 wikitext text/x-wiki == Current criteria == The current [[wb:SPEEDY|speedy deletion criteria]] include :4. Pages in a book where current book contributors support deletion. Always link to the discussion page where consensus was reached. :5. Pages that cannot comply with the scope or policies of the project. Should there be any doubt, get community consensus. I'm not clear if these are captured in the current draft. [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 16:03, 5 May 2026 (UTC) :4th criterion in our current policy wasn't included here like you mentioned, so I added it as a new criterion in the book criteria. 5th criterion is already present as "Out of scope" in the draft. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 19:54, 5 May 2026 (UTC) ::Thanks. I'd also propose including something for AI generated pages, reflecting the wikibooks AI policy. Wikipedia has a criterion for "[[w:WP:G15|LLM-generated pages without human review]]" though I think the wording could be improved (llm generated text is prohibited irrespective of if a human has reviewed it or not). ::How about, ::"Clearly LLM-generated pages. Pages unambiguously created by LLMs, contravening [[Wikibooks:Artificial intelligence]], indicated by hallucinations, patent nonsense, spurious references etc." [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 22:26, 5 May 2026 (UTC) ::: In my [[User:Codename Noreste/sandbox|sandbox]], I created what [[MediaWiki:Deletereason-dropdown]] would look like if it uses the speedy deletion criteria. Feel free to make any changes. [[User:Codename Noreste|<span style="color:#0024FF">Codename Noreste</span>]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 02:14, 6 May 2026 (UTC) :::{{done}}, I added a short criterion for LLM use. [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 18:25, 6 May 2026 (UTC) == Files and Templates == The draft currently has a template criterion and 7 file criteria. However, it seems that we don't need criteria for such pages. There hasn't been [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=upload&user=&page=&excludetempacct=1&wpdate=&tagfilter=&wpfilters%5B%5D=newusers&wpFormIdentifier=logeventslist a single file uploaded since November 2025,] and we already restrict file uploading to the <code>uploader</code> user group anyway. Additionally, there isn't much template vandalism here. Do we need criteria for these categories or should they be removed? [[User:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: lime">kingofnuthin</span>]] ([[User talk:kingofnuthin|<span style="font-family: Georgia; color: teal">talk</span>]]) 18:30, 6 May 2026 (UTC) 03p7k0c3lqav1bw9n4g6ddk5tfllghg 102 483151 4634632 4634359 2026-05-07T11:50:34Z SHE-LOVES-BRIAN 3581157 4634632 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=formatting errors, excessive capitalization, missing quantities, missing categories, missing recipe templates, missing appropriate linking, ingredients not in order}} Miyan gyada is a traditional Nigerian soup popular in northern Nigeria, especially among the Hausa people. It is made from groundnuts (peanuts), which are blended into a paste and cooked to form a rich, creamy [[Cookbook:Soup|soup]]. The dish is usually prepared with meat or fish, vegetables, and local spices, giving it a deep, nutty flavor. Miyan gyada has a thick, smooth texture and is highly nutritious and filling. It is commonly served with northern swallows like tuwo shinkafa or tuwo dawa and is an important part of northern Nigerian cuisine. == INGREDIENTS == * {{Recipe summary | Category = DINNER RECIPE | Cuisine = NIGERIAN | Servings = 4-6 | Time = 60 MINUTES | Difficulty = 3 }}2 cups of [[Cookbook:Groundnut|Groundnuts]] (peanuts) or groundnut paste * 500g [[Cookbook:Meat|Meat or fish]] * 2 cups Leafy vegetables (like spinach or ugu) * 1 medium [[Cookbook:Onion|Onions]] * 2-4 Pepper * 2 medium Tomatoes (optional) * 2-3 tablespoons Palm oil or vegetable oil * 2 Seasoning cubes * Salt to taste * 4-5 cups water or meat stock == PROCEDURE == # '''Cook the meat or fish''' Season with onions, salt, and seasoning cubes, then boil until tender. Keep the stock. # '''Prepare the groundnut paste''' Blend groundnuts (or use ready paste) until smooth. # '''Add groundnut paste to stock''' Add the paste into the pot and allow it to cook, stirring to prevent burning. # '''Add pepper and oil''' Add pepper and a little palm oil or vegetable oil, then mix well. # '''Add vegetables''' Add your leafy vegetables and stir. # '''Simmer''' Allow the soup to cook until it thickens and oil begins to rise to the top. # '''Adjust seasoning''' Taste and add salt or seasoning if needed. # '''Serve hot''' Serve with swallows like tuwo shinkafa or Tuwo dawa. The soup should be thick, creamy, and rich with a nutty flavor. [[Category:Recipes for soup]] [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Traditional recipes]] [[Category:Recipes using meat]] 0m6k4vacyl72u8lahaat4w3dr45h0dr 4634634 4634632 2026-05-07T11:54:29Z SHE-LOVES-BRIAN 3581157 4634634 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=formatting errors, excessive capitalization, missing quantities, missing categories, missing recipe templates, missing appropriate linking, ingredients not in order}} Miyan gyada is a traditional Nigerian soup popular in northern Nigeria, especially among the Hausa people. It is made from groundnuts (peanuts), which are blended into a paste and cooked to form a rich, creamy [[Cookbook:Soup|soup]]. The dish is usually prepared with meat or fish, vegetables, and local spices, giving it a deep, nutty flavor. Miyan gyada has a thick, smooth texture and is highly nutritious and filling. It is commonly served with northern swallows like tuwo shinkafa or tuwo dawa and is an important part of northern Nigerian cuisine. == INGREDIENTS == * 2 cups groundnuts (peanuts) or groundnut paste * 500 g meat or fish * 2 cups leafy vegetables (spinach or ugu) * 1 medium onion * 3–4 Scotch bonnet peppers * 2 medium tomatoes (optional) * 2–3 tablespoons palm oil or vegetable oil * 2 seasoning cubes * Salt to taste * 4–5 cups water or meat stock == PROCEDURE == # '''Cook the meat or fish''' Season with onions, salt, and seasoning cubes, then boil until tender. Keep the stock. # '''Prepare the groundnut paste''' Blend groundnuts (or use ready paste) until smooth. # '''Add groundnut paste to stock''' Add the paste into the pot and allow it to cook, stirring to prevent burning. # '''Add pepper and oil''' Add pepper and a little palm oil or vegetable oil, then mix well. # '''Add vegetables''' Add your leafy vegetables and stir. # '''Simmer''' Allow the soup to cook until it thickens and oil begins to rise to the top. # '''Adjust seasoning''' Taste and add salt or seasoning if needed. # '''Serve hot''' Serve with swallows like tuwo shinkafa or Tuwo dawa. The soup should be thick, creamy, and rich with a nutty flavor. [[Category:Recipes for soup]] [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Traditional recipes]] [[Category:Recipes using meat]] cgaeb2bj39ztyk9lk7r7enx9sp9uhqm 0 483154 4634421 4634346 2026-05-06T12:11:28Z MathXplore 3097823 Added {{[[Template:BookCat|BookCat]]}} using [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js|BookCat.js]] 4634421 wikitext text/x-wiki The famous game of chess introducing Deep Blue vs Kasparov in 1996. {{BookCat}} o5ixxx2tkar7nmg4gy8zv5av5f9vz2j 102 483160 4634496 4634409 2026-05-06T18:52:55Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 incomplete flag 4634496 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=missing quantities, excessive capitalization, missing categories, missing header template}} Ukpo ogede is a traditional Nigerian dish popular among the Igbo people of southeastern Nigeria. It is made from ripe [[Cookbook:Plantain|plantains]] that are mashed or blended into a smooth paste, then mixed with ingredients like [[Cookbook:Palm Oil|palm oil]], [[Cookbook:Herbs and Spices|pepper, onions]], and sometimes fish or crayfish. The mixture is wrapped in leaves (such as banana leaves) or placed in containers and steamed until it becomes firm. Ukpo ogede has a soft, moist texture and a slightly sweet, savory taste due to the ripe plantain. It is often eaten as a main meal or snack and is valued for its rich flavor and traditional preparation method. == INGREDIENTS == [[File:Plantain Moin Moin.jpg|thumb]] The main ingredients for Ukpo ogede include: * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Ripe plantains]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Palm oil]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Onions]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Pepper (Scotch bonnet)]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Ground crayfish]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Fish (fresh or dry) or meat (optional)]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Seasoning cubes]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Salt]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Leaves (banana leaves) or nylon for wrapping]] {{Recipe summary | Category = Snack recipes | Cuisine = NIGERIAN | Servings = 4-6 | Time = 1 Hour | Difficulty = 3 }} These ingredients give it its soft texture and rich, slightly sweet and savory flavor. == INGREDIENTS == # '''Prepare the plantains''' Peel the ripe plantains and mash or blend them into a smooth paste. # '''Mix ingredients''' Add palm oil, chopped onions, pepper, ground crayfish, seasoning cubes, and salt. Mix well. # '''Add protein (optional)''' Add pieces of fish or meat and combine thoroughly. # '''Prepare wrapping''' Wash banana leaves (or use nylon) and get them ready for wrapping. # '''Wrap the mixture''' Scoop portions of the mixture into the leaves and wrap securely. # '''Steam''' Place the wraps in a pot with a little water and steam for about 45–60 minutes. # '''Check doneness''' It should be firm and well-cooked through. # '''Serve''' Serve hot as a meal or snack. [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Recipes using meat]] [[Category:Cookbook]] jqs0v87wncznsuojmsb69c682x6phrz 0 483161 4634438 2026-05-06T14:28:44Z JCrue 2226064 created 4634438 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Opening Theory/Position |name=Pollock defence |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C60]] |parent=[[../|Spanish game]] }} == 3...Na5? · Pollock defence == {{Chess/sideline}} An unusual and poor move, Black moves their knight again in the opening and leaves their pawn undefended. When facing moves like this, White should think carefully before taking the free material. A famous trap in the Italian game, the [[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Bc4/3...Nd4|Blackburne shilling gambit]], begins 3...Nd4, where Black undefends e5 intending to answer Nxe5? with ...Qg5!, attacking the knight and the vulnerable g2-pawn at the same time.<ref>3...Nd4 in the Spanish is called Bird's defence and conceals the same trap, though since ...Nd4 also attacks White's bishop, even players unfamiliar with the trap tend to find the better move, 4. Nxd4.</ref> Here after 3...Na5 it's not so clear if White can't take the pawn. '''4. Nxe5''' Qg5 (which has the additional feature of pinning the knight to the bishop) 5. d4 Qxg2 and either 6. Rf1 Qxe4+ 7. Be3, or better is 6. Qf3! Qxf3 7. Nxf3 {{chess/not|+}}. A better implementation of this trap is [[../3...Nb4|3...Nb4?!]], where if White takes on e5, at the end of the variation Black has ...Nxc2+! If the idea isn't 4...Qg5, Black may try 4...c6, driving the bishop away. 5. Ba4 b5 6. Bb3 Nxb3 7. axb3 {{chess/not|++}} is fine for White, or they might try 5. Be2 and see if Black allows their knight to becomes trapped at the edge of the board (e.g. 5...d6 6. Nf3 Nf6 7. b4! {{chess/not|+++}}). === History === [[w:William H. K. Pollock|William H. K. Pollock]] (1859―1896) was an English chess master and surgeon. He won Irish Chess Association Masters in 1885, competed in the 6th American Chess Congress, and represented Canada at [[w:Hastings 1895 chess tournament|Hastings 1895]] before dying of tuberculosis the following year. He played 3...Na5 in the New York Chess Association tournament of 1893<ref>[https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=2913883 Frere v Pollock, 1893. Chessgames.com]</ref> and in a casual game against [[w:Amos Burn|Amos Burn]].<ref>[https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=2675131 Burn v Pollock, 1887. Chessgames.com]</ref> {{chessMid}} == References == {{reflist}} {{ChessFooter}} 26gcrh7i16olb5kixdp7xmefjfuob1w 102 483162 4634442 2026-05-06T14:43:19Z NoraVisser 3581702 New recipe page: Silk Road Chickpea and Carrot Fritters (plant-based appetizer) 4634442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cookbook|title=Silk Road Chickpea and Carrot Fritters|category=Chickpea|subcategory=Fritters}} {{Cookbook recipe | servings = 4 | prep time = 20 minutes (plus overnight soak) | cook time = 25 minutes }} These savory fritters draw inspiration from the culinary traditions of the Silk Road. Coarsely grated carrots weave bright orange strands throughout, bringing a subtle sweetness to the earthy chickpeas. Deep-frying creates a delicate crust that shatters beautifully when bitten. They make a fantastic plant-based appetizer or light lunch. == Ingredients == * 1 cup dried chickpeas * 1 tablespoon water * 1 teaspoon salt * 1/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper * 2 cups coarsely grated carrots (about 3/4 pound) * Peanut oil, for deep-frying == Procedure == # Wash the chickpeas and soak them overnight, covered, in 4 cups of water. # Drain the chickpeas and transfer to a food processor. Add 1 tablespoon of water, the salt, and the pepper. Process until finely ground. Transfer the mixture to a bowl, add the carrots, and mix well. # Scoop 2 tablespoons of the mixture, shape into a ball, and flatten into a disk about 2 inches across. Set aside on a lightly floured baking sheet. Repeat to form about 14 disks. # Pour 2 inches of peanut oil into a large wok or deep pot and heat over medium-high heat until a deep-fry thermometer reads 325 to 350 degrees Fahrenheit. # Slide 3 or 4 disks into the oil and cook for 2 1/2 to 3 minutes, turning once, until nicely browned on both sides. # Lift the fritters from the oil, let excess oil drain, and transfer to a paper towel-lined plate. Fry remaining batches. == Notes == * Serve warm with a spicy chili paste or your favorite dipping sauce. * The fritters are entirely plant-based and suitable for vegan diets. [[Category:Chickpea recipes]] [[Category:Carrot recipes]] [[Category:Fried foods]] [[Category:Appetizers and hors d'oeuvres]] [[Category:Vegan recipes]] ah72yiu3vsd6dub93ffjswekefjdnij 4634494 4634442 2026-05-06T18:51:15Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 flag 4634494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect and missing cookbook templates, missing appropriate linking, incorrect and missing categories,}}{{Cookbook|title=Silk Road Chickpea and Carrot Fritters|category=Chickpea|subcategory=Fritters}} {{Cookbook recipe | servings = 4 | prep time = 20 minutes (plus overnight soak) | cook time = 25 minutes }} These savory fritters draw inspiration from the culinary traditions of the Silk Road. Coarsely grated carrots weave bright orange strands throughout, bringing a subtle sweetness to the earthy chickpeas. Deep-frying creates a delicate crust that shatters beautifully when bitten. They make a fantastic plant-based appetizer or light lunch. == Ingredients == * 1 cup dried chickpeas * 1 tablespoon water * 1 teaspoon salt * 1/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper * 2 cups coarsely grated carrots (about 3/4 pound) * Peanut oil, for deep-frying == Procedure == # Wash the chickpeas and soak them overnight, covered, in 4 cups of water. # Drain the chickpeas and transfer to a food processor. Add 1 tablespoon of water, the salt, and the pepper. Process until finely ground. Transfer the mixture to a bowl, add the carrots, and mix well. # Scoop 2 tablespoons of the mixture, shape into a ball, and flatten into a disk about 2 inches across. Set aside on a lightly floured baking sheet. Repeat to form about 14 disks. # Pour 2 inches of peanut oil into a large wok or deep pot and heat over medium-high heat until a deep-fry thermometer reads 325 to 350 degrees Fahrenheit. # Slide 3 or 4 disks into the oil and cook for 2 1/2 to 3 minutes, turning once, until nicely browned on both sides. # Lift the fritters from the oil, let excess oil drain, and transfer to a paper towel-lined plate. Fry remaining batches. == Notes == * Serve warm with a spicy chili paste or your favorite dipping sauce. * The fritters are entirely plant-based and suitable for vegan diets. [[Category:Chickpea recipes]] [[Category:Carrot recipes]] [[Category:Fried foods]] [[Category:Appetizers and hors d'oeuvres]] [[Category:Vegan recipes]] owv3wngjx1b2fdvpv58lzihbe26jolt 1 483163 4634450 2026-05-06T16:39:02Z ~2026-21296-62 3574173 /* Is this acceptable */ new section 4634450 wikitext text/x-wiki == Is this acceptable == This is about key words to study [[Special:Contributions/&#126;2026-21296-62|&#126;2026-21296-62]] ([[User talk:&#126;2026-21296-62|talk]]) 16:39, 6 May 2026 (UTC) 6ag0550yxp1ok9ihyvv7izu5nsbs3zr 102 483164 4634453 2026-05-06T16:44:31Z SHE-LOVES-BRIAN 3581157 Created page with "Gizdodo is a popular Nigerian dish that combines fried plantain (dodo) and spiced gizzard (giz), creating a flavorful and satisfying meal. It is widely enjoyed across Nigeria and is especially common at parties, restaurants, and gatherings. The dish is prepared by frying ripe plantains until golden, cooking gizzard until tender, and then mixing both in a rich pepper sauce made with tomatoes, [[Cookbook:Herbs and Spices|onions, and spices.]] Gizdodo has a perfect balanc..." 4634453 wikitext text/x-wiki Gizdodo is a popular Nigerian dish that combines fried plantain (dodo) and spiced gizzard (giz), creating a flavorful and satisfying meal. It is widely enjoyed across Nigeria and is especially common at parties, restaurants, and gatherings. The dish is prepared by frying ripe plantains until golden, cooking gizzard until tender, and then mixing both in a rich pepper sauce made with tomatoes, [[Cookbook:Herbs and Spices|onions, and spices.]] Gizdodo has a perfect balance of sweet and spicy flavors—the sweetness of the plantain complements the savory, slightly chewy [[Cookbook:Meat|gizzard]] and the spicy sauce. It is often served as a side dish, [[Cookbook:Snacks|snack]], or party food, making it a favorite in Nigerian cuisine. [[File:Chinwe Uzoma kitchen & Lifestyle - How to make gizdodo - This is so GOOD!!! Chinwe Uzoma Kitchen & Lifestyle.png|thumb]] == INGREDIENTS == * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Gizzard]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Ripe plantains]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Vegetable oil (for frying)]]{{Recipe summary | Category = SNACK RECIPES | Cuisine = NIGERIAN | Servings = 3-5 | Time = 45 MINUTES | Difficulty = 3 }} * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Tomatoes]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Onions]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Pepper (Scotch bonnet)]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Bell peppers (optional)]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Seasoning cubes]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Salt]] == PROCEDURE == Here’s how to prepare Gizdodo: # '''Cook the gizzard''' Wash and season the gizzard with onions, salt, and seasoning cubes, then boil until tender. # '''Fry the gizzard''' Once cooked, lightly fry the gizzard until slightly crispy and set aside. # '''Fry the plantains''' Peel and slice ripe plantains, then fry until golden brown. Set aside. # '''Prepare the sauce''' Blend tomatoes, peppers, and onions, then fry the mixture in oil until it thickens. # '''Season the sauce''' Add seasoning cubes and salt, and allow it to cook well. # '''Combine everything''' Add the fried gizzard and plantains into the sauce and mix thoroughly. # '''Simmer briefly''' Let it cook for a few minutes so all flavors combine. # '''Serve''' Serve hot as a side dish or snack. It should be a perfect mix of sweet, spicy, and savory flavors. [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Recipes using meat]] [[Category:Snack recipes]] [[Category:Nigerian beverages]] p2vv7y38sgr5okxbw2edpiy06ceaw0r 4634469 4634453 2026-05-06T17:56:53Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 flag 4634469 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=excessive capitalization, missing quantities, missing categories, missing recipe templates, missing appropriate linking}} Gizdodo is a popular Nigerian dish that combines fried plantain (dodo) and spiced gizzard (giz), creating a flavorful and satisfying meal. It is widely enjoyed across Nigeria and is especially common at parties, restaurants, and gatherings. The dish is prepared by frying ripe plantains until golden, cooking gizzard until tender, and then mixing both in a rich pepper sauce made with tomatoes, [[Cookbook:Herbs and Spices|onions, and spices.]] Gizdodo has a perfect balance of sweet and spicy flavors—the sweetness of the plantain complements the savory, slightly chewy [[Cookbook:Meat|gizzard]] and the spicy sauce. It is often served as a side dish, [[Cookbook:Snacks|snack]], or party food, making it a favorite in Nigerian cuisine. [[File:Chinwe Uzoma kitchen & Lifestyle - How to make gizdodo - This is so GOOD!!! Chinwe Uzoma Kitchen & Lifestyle.png|thumb]] == INGREDIENTS == * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Gizzard]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Ripe plantains]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Vegetable oil (for frying)]]{{Recipe summary | Category = SNACK RECIPES | Cuisine = NIGERIAN | Servings = 3-5 | Time = 45 MINUTES | Difficulty = 3 }} * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Tomatoes]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Onions]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Pepper (Scotch bonnet)]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Bell peppers (optional)]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Seasoning cubes]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Salt]] == PROCEDURE == Here’s how to prepare Gizdodo: # '''Cook the gizzard''' Wash and season the gizzard with onions, salt, and seasoning cubes, then boil until tender. # '''Fry the gizzard''' Once cooked, lightly fry the gizzard until slightly crispy and set aside. # '''Fry the plantains''' Peel and slice ripe plantains, then fry until golden brown. Set aside. # '''Prepare the sauce''' Blend tomatoes, peppers, and onions, then fry the mixture in oil until it thickens. # '''Season the sauce''' Add seasoning cubes and salt, and allow it to cook well. # '''Combine everything''' Add the fried gizzard and plantains into the sauce and mix thoroughly. # '''Simmer briefly''' Let it cook for a few minutes so all flavors combine. # '''Serve''' Serve hot as a side dish or snack. It should be a perfect mix of sweet, spicy, and savory flavors. [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Recipes using meat]] [[Category:Snack recipes]] [[Category:Nigerian beverages]] qh7vd8oi96prvuu7zjet16ixt1qu2wr 1 483165 4634458 2026-05-06T17:17:26Z ~2026-27553-69 3581739 /* earth science/ world climates */ new section 4634458 wikitext text/x-wiki == earth science/ world climates == Tropical (A), Dry (B), Temperate (C), Continental (D), and [[Special:Contributions/&#126;2026-27553-69|&#126;2026-27553-69]] ([[User talk:&#126;2026-27553-69|talk]]) 17:17, 6 May 2026 (UTC) kan6eowa9fka0wxbbwcuqgly6kyzhza 4634520 4634458 2026-05-06T22:13:33Z MathXplore 3097823 Marking for speedy deletion: Test page 4634520 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Delete|example=false|Test page}}</noinclude> == earth science/ world climates == Tropical (A), Dry (B), Temperate (C), Continental (D), and [[Special:Contributions/&#126;2026-27553-69|&#126;2026-27553-69]] ([[User talk:&#126;2026-27553-69|talk]]) 17:17, 6 May 2026 (UTC) noys2uc911d5q2pwdiim0sk1fl6f1rv 1 483166 4634460 2026-05-06T17:24:40Z ~2026-27553-69 3581739 /* earth science/ world climates */ new section 4634460 wikitext text/x-wiki == earth science/ world climates == Land pollution involves the degradation of Earth's surface through improper wastedisposal, industrial, agricultural, and mining activities [[Special:Contributions/&#126;2026-27553-69|&#126;2026-27553-69]] ([[User talk:&#126;2026-27553-69|talk]]) 17:24, 6 May 2026 (UTC) fxh3gspj6y9i57pefqnjfhq5o2zb71z 1 483167 4634461 2026-05-06T17:28:46Z ~2026-27553-69 3581739 Created page with "Talk:High School Earth Science/Human Actions and the Land ~~~~" 4634461 wikitext text/x-wiki Talk:High School Earth Science/Human Actions and the Land [[Special:Contributions/&#126;2026-27553-69|&#126;2026-27553-69]] ([[User talk:&#126;2026-27553-69|talk]]) 17:28, 6 May 2026 (UTC) lfi3nx4fom3z2u4z5bf0sl1guwv9omv 4634462 4634461 2026-05-06T17:30:19Z ~2026-27553-69 3581739 /* earth science/ world climates */ new section 4634462 wikitext text/x-wiki Talk:High School Earth Science/Human Actions and the Land [[Special:Contributions/&#126;2026-27553-69|&#126;2026-27553-69]] ([[User talk:&#126;2026-27553-69|talk]]) 17:28, 6 May 2026 (UTC) == earth science/ world climates == Human actions significantly alter the land through deforestation, and mining, leading to increased soil erosion, habitat loss, an, agriculture, [[Special:Contributions/&#126;2026-27553-69|&#126;2026-27553-69]] ([[User talk:&#126;2026-27553-69|talk]]) 17:30, 6 May 2026 (UTC) 0e6t0dqkpli6bgs1dqgj51jqxwkg4v5 10 483168 4634466 2026-05-06T17:52:33Z Codename Noreste 3441010 Moving from [[MediaWiki:Common.css]]. 4634466 sanitized-css text/css /* Collapsible elements */ .collapsible { margin: 0px; padding:0px; } .collapsible .title, .collapsible tr:first-child th, .collapsible tr:first-child td { cursor: pointer; padding-right: 16px; color:var(--color-subtle, #4D4D4D); } .collapsible.selected .title, .collapsible.selected tr:first-child th, .collapsible.selected tr:first-child td { color: #0645AD; } .collapsible span.action { display: block; float: left; white-space: nowrap; text-align: left; height: 16px; margin: auto 5px auto 0px; padding: 0px; } .collapsible span.action img { height: 16px; width: 16px; margin:0px; padding:0px; } /* Add arrows to toggle-blocks for collapsible elements */ .mw-collapsible-arrowtoggle.mw-collapsible-toggle-expanded { padding-left: 20px !important; background-image: url('//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/MediaWiki_Vector_skin_action_arrow.png'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: center left; } .mw-collapsible-arrowtoggle.mw-collapsible-toggle-collapsed { padding-left: 20px !important; background-image: url('//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/MediaWiki_Vector_skin_right_arrow.png'); 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} 6sq5y2xaeiu3waq1dn7hg29z9yw2xbd 3 483170 4634484 2026-05-06T18:42:43Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 /* Welcome to the Cookbook */ new section 4634484 wikitext text/x-wiki == Welcome to the Cookbook == {{mbox | type = | image = [[File:Foodlogo2.svg|40px]] | imageright = | style = | textstyle = | text = Hello and thank you for your recent contribution to the [[Cookbook:Table of Contents|Wikibooks Cookbook]]! When adding to the Cookbook, please make sure all content conforms to [[Cookbook:Policy|Cookbook policy]], including the [[Cookbook:Manual of Style|manual of style]] and standard page templates. Feel free to let me know if you need any help or have any questions! {{#ifeq: |||<br>'''Additional details:''' }} | small = | smallimage = | smallimageright = | smalltext = }} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:42, 6 May 2026 (UTC) pe7bbc75ss2vivdd5b75thjqpcodeku 4634519 4634484 2026-05-06T21:43:53Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 /* Welcome to the Cookbook */ Reply 4634519 wikitext text/x-wiki == Welcome to the Cookbook == {{mbox | type = | image = [[File:Foodlogo2.svg|40px]] | imageright = | style = | textstyle = | text = Hello and thank you for your recent contribution to the [[Cookbook:Table of Contents|Wikibooks Cookbook]]! When adding to the Cookbook, please make sure all content conforms to [[Cookbook:Policy|Cookbook policy]], including the [[Cookbook:Manual of Style|manual of style]] and standard page templates. Feel free to let me know if you need any help or have any questions! {{#ifeq: |||<br>'''Additional details:''' }} | small = | smallimage = | smallimageright = | smalltext = }} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:42, 6 May 2026 (UTC) :@[[User:NoraVisser|NoraVisser]] I notice that you are rapidly adding many recipes, but so far they don't meet the cookbook requirements—could you please fix these recipes before adding more? Let me know if you have questions. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:43, 6 May 2026 (UTC) mi11mvjerzizmn5nxt8ha9l4dxftt53 102 483171 4634486 2026-05-06T18:48:12Z NoraVisser 3581702 New recipe: garlic shrimp pasta with linguine, white wine lemon sauce, 30-minute weeknight dinner 4634486 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cookbook|Pasta|Seafood}} {{Cookbook recipe | yield = 4 servings | time = 30 minutes | difficulty = Easy }} '''Garlic Shrimp Pasta''' is a quick one-pan Italian-inspired dish featuring succulent shrimp sautéed with garlic and olive oil, tossed with linguine in a light white wine and lemon sauce. Ready in under 30 minutes, it is ideal for busy weeknights. ==Ingredients== * 400 g (14 oz) linguine or spaghetti * 450 g (1 lb) large shrimp, peeled and deveined * 4 cloves garlic, minced * 3 tablespoons olive oil * 120 ml (½ cup) dry white wine or chicken broth * 2 tablespoons fresh lemon juice * ¼ teaspoon red pepper flakes * Salt and black pepper, to taste * 3 tablespoons fresh parsley, chopped * 30 g (1 oz) grated Parmesan cheese, to serve ==Procedure== # Cook pasta in a large pot of generously salted boiling water according to package directions until al dente. Reserve 120 ml (½ cup) pasta cooking water before draining. # Pat shrimp dry with paper towels and season with salt, pepper, and red pepper flakes. # Heat 2 tablespoons olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add shrimp in a single layer and cook 1–2 minutes per side until pink and just cooked through. Transfer to a plate. # Reduce heat to medium. Add remaining 1 tablespoon olive oil and garlic to the pan. Sauté 30 seconds until fragrant. # Add white wine (or broth) and lemon juice. Simmer 2 minutes, scraping up any browned bits. # Add drained pasta to the skillet. Toss to coat, adding reserved pasta water a splash at a time if needed to loosen the sauce. # Return shrimp to the pan and toss everything together. Adjust seasoning. # Serve immediately, topped with chopped parsley and grated Parmesan. ==Notes, tips, and variations== * For extra richness, add 2 tablespoons of unsalted butter with the garlic. * Substitute dry white wine with clam juice or additional chicken broth for an alcohol-free version. * Angel hair pasta works well for a lighter dish; reduce cooking time accordingly. [[Category:Pasta recipes]] [[Category:Seafood recipes]] [[Category:Italian recipes]] [[Category:Quick and easy recipes]] c061bkfv3hit2d9mivj1qu8i1rny124 4634518 4634486 2026-05-06T21:43:46Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 incomplete flag 4634518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=inappropriate header, missing appropriate linking, missing and incorrect categories, unrelated linking, missing recipe templates}}{{Cookbook|Pasta|Seafood}} {{Cookbook recipe | yield = 4 servings | time = 30 minutes | difficulty = Easy }} '''Garlic Shrimp Pasta''' is a quick one-pan Italian-inspired dish featuring succulent shrimp sautéed with garlic and olive oil, tossed with linguine in a light white wine and lemon sauce. Ready in under 30 minutes, it is ideal for busy weeknights. ==Ingredients== * 400 g (14 oz) linguine or spaghetti * 450 g (1 lb) large shrimp, peeled and deveined * 4 cloves garlic, minced * 3 tablespoons olive oil * 120 ml (½ cup) dry white wine or chicken broth * 2 tablespoons fresh lemon juice * ¼ teaspoon red pepper flakes * Salt and black pepper, to taste * 3 tablespoons fresh parsley, chopped * 30 g (1 oz) grated Parmesan cheese, to serve ==Procedure== # Cook pasta in a large pot of generously salted boiling water according to package directions until al dente. Reserve 120 ml (½ cup) pasta cooking water before draining. # Pat shrimp dry with paper towels and season with salt, pepper, and red pepper flakes. # Heat 2 tablespoons olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add shrimp in a single layer and cook 1–2 minutes per side until pink and just cooked through. Transfer to a plate. # Reduce heat to medium. Add remaining 1 tablespoon olive oil and garlic to the pan. Sauté 30 seconds until fragrant. # Add white wine (or broth) and lemon juice. Simmer 2 minutes, scraping up any browned bits. # Add drained pasta to the skillet. Toss to coat, adding reserved pasta water a splash at a time if needed to loosen the sauce. # Return shrimp to the pan and toss everything together. Adjust seasoning. # Serve immediately, topped with chopped parsley and grated Parmesan. ==Notes, tips, and variations== * For extra richness, add 2 tablespoons of unsalted butter with the garlic. * Substitute dry white wine with clam juice or additional chicken broth for an alcohol-free version. * Angel hair pasta works well for a lighter dish; reduce cooking time accordingly. [[Category:Pasta recipes]] [[Category:Seafood recipes]] [[Category:Italian recipes]] [[Category:Quick and easy recipes]] k7h2a1gun32hy8symcma23p56e3rpy1 102 483172 4634487 2026-05-06T18:48:49Z NoraVisser 3581702 New recipe: chunky one-pot vegetable marinara sauce, vegan, suitable for pasta or pizza 4634487 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cookbook|Sauces and condiments|Vegetarian}} {{Cookbook recipe | yield = 6 servings (about 1 litre) | time = 45 minutes | difficulty = Easy }} '''Vegetable Marinara Sauce''' is a chunky, one-pot tomato sauce packed with zucchini, bell pepper, and carrot. It is thicker and heartier than a plain marinara, making it suitable as a pasta sauce, pizza sauce, or dipping sauce. The recipe is naturally vegan. ==Ingredients== * 2 tablespoons olive oil * 1 medium onion, diced * 4 cloves garlic, minced * 1 medium carrot, finely diced * 1 medium zucchini, diced * 1 red bell pepper, diced * 800 g (28 oz) crushed tomatoes (two 400 g cans) * 2 tablespoons tomato paste * 1 teaspoon dried oregano * 1 teaspoon dried basil * ½ teaspoon sugar (optional, to balance acidity) * Salt and black pepper, to taste * Small handful fresh basil leaves, to finish ==Procedure== # Heat olive oil in a large saucepan over medium heat. Add onion and carrot; cook 5 minutes until softened. # Add garlic and stir 1 minute until fragrant. # Add zucchini and bell pepper; cook 4–5 minutes until just tender. # Stir in tomato paste and cook 1 minute. # Add crushed tomatoes, oregano, dried basil, sugar (if using), salt, and pepper. Stir well. # Bring to a gentle boil, then reduce heat to low. Simmer uncovered 20–25 minutes, stirring occasionally, until sauce thickens. # Taste and adjust seasoning. Stir in fresh basil just before serving. ==Notes, tips, and variations== * For a smoother sauce, use an immersion blender to partially blend after cooking. * Add a pinch of red pepper flakes with the garlic for a spicy version. * The sauce keeps refrigerated for up to 5 days or frozen for 3 months. * Stir in 240 g (1 cup) of cooked lentils to make it a hearty meat-free pasta sauce. [[Category:Sauce recipes]] [[Category:Vegetarian recipes]] [[Category:Vegan recipes]] [[Category:Italian recipes]] n6s984tasfx2ajr9r2my0z4tmfvf18a 4634517 4634487 2026-05-06T21:43:34Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 incomplete flag 4634517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=inappropriate header, missing appropriate linking, missing and incorrect categories, unrelated linking, missing recipe templates}}{{Cookbook|Sauces and condiments|Vegetarian}} {{Cookbook recipe | yield = 6 servings (about 1 litre) | time = 45 minutes | difficulty = Easy }} '''Vegetable Marinara Sauce''' is a chunky, one-pot tomato sauce packed with zucchini, bell pepper, and carrot. It is thicker and heartier than a plain marinara, making it suitable as a pasta sauce, pizza sauce, or dipping sauce. The recipe is naturally vegan. ==Ingredients== * 2 tablespoons olive oil * 1 medium onion, diced * 4 cloves garlic, minced * 1 medium carrot, finely diced * 1 medium zucchini, diced * 1 red bell pepper, diced * 800 g (28 oz) crushed tomatoes (two 400 g cans) * 2 tablespoons tomato paste * 1 teaspoon dried oregano * 1 teaspoon dried basil * ½ teaspoon sugar (optional, to balance acidity) * Salt and black pepper, to taste * Small handful fresh basil leaves, to finish ==Procedure== # Heat olive oil in a large saucepan over medium heat. Add onion and carrot; cook 5 minutes until softened. # Add garlic and stir 1 minute until fragrant. # Add zucchini and bell pepper; cook 4–5 minutes until just tender. # Stir in tomato paste and cook 1 minute. # Add crushed tomatoes, oregano, dried basil, sugar (if using), salt, and pepper. Stir well. # Bring to a gentle boil, then reduce heat to low. Simmer uncovered 20–25 minutes, stirring occasionally, until sauce thickens. # Taste and adjust seasoning. Stir in fresh basil just before serving. ==Notes, tips, and variations== * For a smoother sauce, use an immersion blender to partially blend after cooking. * Add a pinch of red pepper flakes with the garlic for a spicy version. * The sauce keeps refrigerated for up to 5 days or frozen for 3 months. * Stir in 240 g (1 cup) of cooked lentils to make it a hearty meat-free pasta sauce. [[Category:Sauce recipes]] [[Category:Vegetarian recipes]] [[Category:Vegan recipes]] [[Category:Italian recipes]] t9ggqm8e99xnrbam12jy0k7162neh5t 102 483173 4634488 2026-05-06T18:49:15Z NoraVisser 3581702 New recipe: apricot muffins, 12 muffins, 35 minutes, fresh or dried apricot 4634488 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cookbook|Breads and quick breads|Breakfast}} {{Cookbook recipe | yield = 12 muffins | time = 35 minutes | difficulty = Easy }} '''Apricot Muffins''' are tender, lightly sweetened muffins studded with pieces of fresh or dried apricot. They are quick to mix by hand and bake in 20 minutes, making them a convenient breakfast or snack. ==Ingredients== * 250 g (2 cups) all-purpose flour * 100 g (½ cup) granulated sugar * 1 tablespoon baking powder * ½ teaspoon salt * ½ teaspoon ground cinnamon * 2 large eggs * 180 ml (¾ cup) whole milk * 80 ml (⅓ cup) vegetable oil or melted butter * 1 teaspoon vanilla extract * 200 g (1½ cups) fresh apricots, stoned and diced (or 150 g dried apricots, chopped) ==Procedure== # Preheat oven to 200°C (400°F). Grease a 12-cup muffin tin or line with paper cases. # Whisk together flour, sugar, baking powder, salt, and cinnamon in a large bowl. # In a separate bowl, beat eggs with milk, oil, and vanilla. # Pour wet ingredients into dry ingredients and stir until just combined – do not over-mix; a few lumps are fine. # Fold in apricot pieces. # Divide batter evenly among the 12 cups, filling each about two-thirds full. # Bake 18–22 minutes until a toothpick inserted in the centre comes out clean and tops are golden. # Cool in the tin 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. ==Notes, tips, and variations== * Lightly coat diced apricots in 1 tablespoon of flour before folding in; this helps prevent them sinking to the bottom. * For a crunch topping, sprinkle with a mixture of 2 tablespoons sugar and ¼ teaspoon cinnamon before baking. * Replace half the flour with whole-wheat flour for a heartier texture. * Substitute apricots with peaches or nectarines in season. [[Category:Muffin recipes]] [[Category:Breakfast recipes]] [[Category:Fruit recipes]] hn96wrhqzi3kqcwtnd3ypwmavggvny4 4634516 4634488 2026-05-06T21:43:14Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 incomplete flag 4634516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=inappropriate header, missing appropriate linking, missing and incorrect categories, unrelated linking, missing recipe templates}}{{Cookbook|Breads and quick breads|Breakfast}} {{Cookbook recipe | yield = 12 muffins | time = 35 minutes | difficulty = Easy }} '''Apricot Muffins''' are tender, lightly sweetened muffins studded with pieces of fresh or dried apricot. They are quick to mix by hand and bake in 20 minutes, making them a convenient breakfast or snack. ==Ingredients== * 250 g (2 cups) all-purpose flour * 100 g (½ cup) granulated sugar * 1 tablespoon baking powder * ½ teaspoon salt * ½ teaspoon ground cinnamon * 2 large eggs * 180 ml (¾ cup) whole milk * 80 ml (⅓ cup) vegetable oil or melted butter * 1 teaspoon vanilla extract * 200 g (1½ cups) fresh apricots, stoned and diced (or 150 g dried apricots, chopped) ==Procedure== # Preheat oven to 200°C (400°F). Grease a 12-cup muffin tin or line with paper cases. # Whisk together flour, sugar, baking powder, salt, and cinnamon in a large bowl. # In a separate bowl, beat eggs with milk, oil, and vanilla. # Pour wet ingredients into dry ingredients and stir until just combined – do not over-mix; a few lumps are fine. # Fold in apricot pieces. # Divide batter evenly among the 12 cups, filling each about two-thirds full. # Bake 18–22 minutes until a toothpick inserted in the centre comes out clean and tops are golden. # Cool in the tin 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. ==Notes, tips, and variations== * Lightly coat diced apricots in 1 tablespoon of flour before folding in; this helps prevent them sinking to the bottom. * For a crunch topping, sprinkle with a mixture of 2 tablespoons sugar and ¼ teaspoon cinnamon before baking. * Replace half the flour with whole-wheat flour for a heartier texture. * Substitute apricots with peaches or nectarines in season. [[Category:Muffin recipes]] [[Category:Breakfast recipes]] [[Category:Fruit recipes]] fvroubry2f1ngnmbhukypbg0o29odbj 102 483174 4634489 2026-05-06T18:49:43Z NoraVisser 3581702 New recipe: loaded baked potato soup with cheddar, bacon, sour cream, 50 minutes 4634489 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cookbook|Soups and stews|American cuisine}} {{Cookbook recipe | yield = 6 servings | time = 50 minutes | difficulty = Easy }} '''Loaded Baked Potato Soup''' is a thick, creamy American-style soup that captures all the classic toppings of a loaded baked potato – sour cream, cheddar cheese, bacon, and chives – in bowl form. It is hearty enough for a main course. ==Ingredients== * 1 kg (2¼ lb) russet potatoes (about 4 large), peeled and cubed * 1 medium onion, diced * 3 cloves garlic, minced * 2 tablespoons unsalted butter * 750 ml (3 cups) chicken or vegetable broth * 250 ml (1 cup) whole milk * 120 ml (½ cup) sour cream * 120 g (1 cup) sharp cheddar cheese, shredded, plus more to serve * 4 strips bacon, cooked until crispy and crumbled * Salt and black pepper, to taste * 2 tablespoons fresh chives, chopped, to serve ==Procedure== # Melt butter in a large pot over medium heat. Add onion and cook 5 minutes until soft. Add garlic and cook 1 minute. # Add potatoes and broth. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer 15–18 minutes until potatoes are very tender. # Using a potato masher or the back of a spoon, mash about half the potatoes in the pot for a thick, chunky texture. Alternatively, blend one-third of the soup with an immersion blender for a creamier result. # Stir in milk and sour cream. Heat gently over low heat – do not boil. # Add shredded cheddar, stirring until melted. Season with salt and pepper. # Ladle into bowls and top with extra cheddar, crumbled bacon, and chopped chives. ==Notes, tips, and variations== * To make it vegetarian, omit bacon and use vegetable broth. Top with smoked paprika instead. * For extra richness, substitute the milk with heavy cream. * Russet potatoes are preferred for their starchy, fluffy texture; waxy potatoes will give a gluier result. * Leftover soup thickens considerably when chilled; thin with broth or milk when reheating. [[Category:Soup recipes]] [[Category:American cuisine]] [[Category:Potato recipes]] tkjdy7sguosvyoxi6j3zjgq3ttdujqs 4634515 4634489 2026-05-06T21:43:00Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 incomplete flag 4634515 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cookbook|Soups and stews|American cuisine}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=inappropriate header, missing appropriate linking, missing and incorrect categories, unrelated linking, missing recipe templates}} {{Cookbook recipe | yield = 6 servings | time = 50 minutes | difficulty = Easy }} '''Loaded Baked Potato Soup''' is a thick, creamy American-style soup that captures all the classic toppings of a loaded baked potato – sour cream, cheddar cheese, bacon, and chives – in bowl form. It is hearty enough for a main course. ==Ingredients== * 1 kg (2¼ lb) russet potatoes (about 4 large), peeled and cubed * 1 medium onion, diced * 3 cloves garlic, minced * 2 tablespoons unsalted butter * 750 ml (3 cups) chicken or vegetable broth * 250 ml (1 cup) whole milk * 120 ml (½ cup) sour cream * 120 g (1 cup) sharp cheddar cheese, shredded, plus more to serve * 4 strips bacon, cooked until crispy and crumbled * Salt and black pepper, to taste * 2 tablespoons fresh chives, chopped, to serve ==Procedure== # Melt butter in a large pot over medium heat. Add onion and cook 5 minutes until soft. Add garlic and cook 1 minute. # Add potatoes and broth. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer 15–18 minutes until potatoes are very tender. # Using a potato masher or the back of a spoon, mash about half the potatoes in the pot for a thick, chunky texture. Alternatively, blend one-third of the soup with an immersion blender for a creamier result. # Stir in milk and sour cream. Heat gently over low heat – do not boil. # Add shredded cheddar, stirring until melted. Season with salt and pepper. # Ladle into bowls and top with extra cheddar, crumbled bacon, and chopped chives. ==Notes, tips, and variations== * To make it vegetarian, omit bacon and use vegetable broth. Top with smoked paprika instead. * For extra richness, substitute the milk with heavy cream. * Russet potatoes are preferred for their starchy, fluffy texture; waxy potatoes will give a gluier result. * Leftover soup thickens considerably when chilled; thin with broth or milk when reheating. [[Category:Soup recipes]] [[Category:American cuisine]] [[Category:Potato recipes]] n6m4bt6a5ksq648gy64msybglmlz6h3 102 483175 4634491 2026-05-06T18:50:10Z NoraVisser 3581702 New recipe: classic chocolate chip cookies, chewy centres, 24 cookies, chilled dough method 4634491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cookbook|Cookies|Desserts}} {{Cookbook recipe | yield = about 24 cookies | time = 1 hour (including 30 min chilling) | difficulty = Easy }} '''Classic Chocolate Chip Cookies''' are buttery, chewy drop cookies with crisp edges and soft centres, packed with semi-sweet chocolate chips. Chilling the dough before baking intensifies flavour and prevents excess spreading. ==Ingredients== * 280 g (2¼ cups) all-purpose flour * 1 teaspoon baking soda * 1 teaspoon fine salt * 225 g (1 cup / 2 sticks) unsalted butter, softened to room temperature * 200 g (1 cup) granulated sugar * 200 g (1 cup, packed) light brown sugar * 2 large eggs, room temperature * 2 teaspoons pure vanilla extract * 340 g (2 cups) semi-sweet chocolate chips ==Procedure== # Whisk flour, baking soda, and salt in a bowl; set aside. # Beat butter with both sugars in a large bowl until light and fluffy, about 3 minutes. # Add eggs one at a time, beating well after each addition. Beat in vanilla. # Add flour mixture and mix on low speed until just combined. # Fold in chocolate chips with a spatula. # Cover the bowl and refrigerate the dough for at least 30 minutes (up to 72 hours). # Preheat oven to 190°C (375°F). Line baking sheets with parchment paper. # Scoop heaped tablespoons of dough onto the baking sheets, spacing them 5 cm (2 in) apart. # Bake 10–12 minutes until edges are set and golden but centres still look slightly underdone. # Cool on the baking sheet 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. Cookies firm up as they cool. ==Notes, tips, and variations== * Browning the butter before beating with sugar adds a nutty, toffee-like depth of flavour. * For thicker cookies, use bread flour (higher protein) and add an extra egg yolk. * Sprinkle flaky sea salt on top just before baking for a sweet-salty contrast. * Mix in 100 g chopped walnuts or pecans along with the chocolate chips. [[Category:Cookie recipes]] [[Category:Dessert recipes]] [[Category:American cuisine]] a8ecqae2qloqursqis9zwautnk2gfnz 4634514 4634491 2026-05-06T21:42:51Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 incomplete flag 4634514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=inappropriate header, missing appropriate linking, missing and incorrect categories, unrelated linking, missing recipe templates}}{{Cookbook|Cookies|Desserts}} {{Cookbook recipe | yield = about 24 cookies | time = 1 hour (including 30 min chilling) | difficulty = Easy }} '''Classic Chocolate Chip Cookies''' are buttery, chewy drop cookies with crisp edges and soft centres, packed with semi-sweet chocolate chips. Chilling the dough before baking intensifies flavour and prevents excess spreading. ==Ingredients== * 280 g (2¼ cups) all-purpose flour * 1 teaspoon baking soda * 1 teaspoon fine salt * 225 g (1 cup / 2 sticks) unsalted butter, softened to room temperature * 200 g (1 cup) granulated sugar * 200 g (1 cup, packed) light brown sugar * 2 large eggs, room temperature * 2 teaspoons pure vanilla extract * 340 g (2 cups) semi-sweet chocolate chips ==Procedure== # Whisk flour, baking soda, and salt in a bowl; set aside. # Beat butter with both sugars in a large bowl until light and fluffy, about 3 minutes. # Add eggs one at a time, beating well after each addition. Beat in vanilla. # Add flour mixture and mix on low speed until just combined. # Fold in chocolate chips with a spatula. # Cover the bowl and refrigerate the dough for at least 30 minutes (up to 72 hours). # Preheat oven to 190°C (375°F). Line baking sheets with parchment paper. # Scoop heaped tablespoons of dough onto the baking sheets, spacing them 5 cm (2 in) apart. # Bake 10–12 minutes until edges are set and golden but centres still look slightly underdone. # Cool on the baking sheet 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. Cookies firm up as they cool. ==Notes, tips, and variations== * Browning the butter before beating with sugar adds a nutty, toffee-like depth of flavour. * For thicker cookies, use bread flour (higher protein) and add an extra egg yolk. * Sprinkle flaky sea salt on top just before baking for a sweet-salty contrast. * Mix in 100 g chopped walnuts or pecans along with the chocolate chips. [[Category:Cookie recipes]] [[Category:Dessert recipes]] [[Category:American cuisine]] 9v0x7phhk9ab6x9md66e9a5ew3wx987 102 483176 4634495 2026-05-06T18:52:45Z NoraVisser 3581702 Created Classic Banana Bread recipe with ingredients, procedure, notes, and categories 4634495 wikitext text/x-wiki == Description == Classic Banana Bread is a moist, tender quick bread made with overripe bananas. It is one of the most beloved home-baked goods in American kitchens, known for its natural sweetness and rich banana flavor. The darker and spottier the bananas, the sweeter and more flavorful the bread. == Ingredients == * 3 very ripe bananas (about 1½ cups mashed) * ⅓ cup (75 g) unsalted butter, melted and cooled * ¾ cup (150 g) granulated sugar * 1 large egg, beaten * 1 teaspoon vanilla extract * 1 teaspoon baking soda * ¼ teaspoon fine salt * 1½ cups (190 g) all-purpose flour === Optional add-ins === * ½ cup (85 g) chocolate chips * ½ cup (60 g) chopped walnuts or pecans * 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon == Procedure == # Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Grease a 9×5-inch (23×13 cm) loaf pan with butter or non-stick spray. # In a large mixing bowl, mash the peeled bananas thoroughly with a fork until smooth with only small lumps remaining. # Stir the melted butter into the mashed banana until fully combined. # Mix in the sugar, beaten egg, and vanilla extract. # Sprinkle the baking soda and salt over the mixture and stir to combine. # Add the flour all at once and fold gently with a spatula until just combined. Do not overmix — a few streaks of flour are fine. # Fold in any optional add-ins (chocolate chips, nuts, or cinnamon) if using. # Pour the batter into the prepared loaf pan and smooth the top. # Bake for 55–65 minutes, until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean or with a few moist crumbs. # Remove from oven and cool in the pan for 10 minutes, then turn out onto a wire rack to cool completely before slicing. == Notes, tips and variations == * '''Banana ripeness:''' Use bananas with fully brown, spotted skins for maximum sweetness. If your bananas are not ripe enough, place unpeeled bananas on a baking sheet at 300°F (150°C) for 15–20 minutes until the skins turn black. * '''Moisture:''' Do not overbake. The bread is done when the center is set; slight underbaking keeps it moist. * '''Storage:''' Wrap cooled banana bread tightly in plastic wrap and store at room temperature for up to 3 days, or refrigerate for up to 1 week. * '''Freezing:''' Slice and freeze individual portions between parchment paper for up to 3 months. Thaw at room temperature or toast from frozen. * '''Butter substitute:''' Substitute melted coconut oil or neutral vegetable oil for a dairy-free version. * '''Brown sugar variation:''' Replace granulated sugar with packed brown sugar for a deeper, molasses-like flavor. == See also == * [[Cookbook:Apricot Muffins]] * [[Cookbook:Classic Chocolate Chip Cookies]] [[Category:Recipes]] [[Category:Bread recipes]] [[Category:Banana recipes]] [[Category:Quick breads]] 8dlhx7w9vjmtv4vvmiid84csfxdrrsb 4634513 4634495 2026-05-06T21:42:38Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 incomplete 4634513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=inappropriate header, missing appropriate linking, missing and incorrect categories, unrelated linking, missing recipe templates}} == Description == Classic Banana Bread is a moist, tender quick bread made with overripe bananas. It is one of the most beloved home-baked goods in American kitchens, known for its natural sweetness and rich banana flavor. The darker and spottier the bananas, the sweeter and more flavorful the bread. == Ingredients == * 3 very ripe bananas (about 1½ cups mashed) * ⅓ cup (75 g) unsalted butter, melted and cooled * ¾ cup (150 g) granulated sugar * 1 large egg, beaten * 1 teaspoon vanilla extract * 1 teaspoon baking soda * ¼ teaspoon fine salt * 1½ cups (190 g) all-purpose flour === Optional add-ins === * ½ cup (85 g) chocolate chips * ½ cup (60 g) chopped walnuts or pecans * 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon == Procedure == # Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Grease a 9×5-inch (23×13 cm) loaf pan with butter or non-stick spray. # In a large mixing bowl, mash the peeled bananas thoroughly with a fork until smooth with only small lumps remaining. # Stir the melted butter into the mashed banana until fully combined. # Mix in the sugar, beaten egg, and vanilla extract. # Sprinkle the baking soda and salt over the mixture and stir to combine. # Add the flour all at once and fold gently with a spatula until just combined. Do not overmix — a few streaks of flour are fine. # Fold in any optional add-ins (chocolate chips, nuts, or cinnamon) if using. # Pour the batter into the prepared loaf pan and smooth the top. # Bake for 55–65 minutes, until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean or with a few moist crumbs. # Remove from oven and cool in the pan for 10 minutes, then turn out onto a wire rack to cool completely before slicing. == Notes, tips and variations == * '''Banana ripeness:''' Use bananas with fully brown, spotted skins for maximum sweetness. If your bananas are not ripe enough, place unpeeled bananas on a baking sheet at 300°F (150°C) for 15–20 minutes until the skins turn black. * '''Moisture:''' Do not overbake. The bread is done when the center is set; slight underbaking keeps it moist. * '''Storage:''' Wrap cooled banana bread tightly in plastic wrap and store at room temperature for up to 3 days, or refrigerate for up to 1 week. * '''Freezing:''' Slice and freeze individual portions between parchment paper for up to 3 months. Thaw at room temperature or toast from frozen. * '''Butter substitute:''' Substitute melted coconut oil or neutral vegetable oil for a dairy-free version. * '''Brown sugar variation:''' Replace granulated sugar with packed brown sugar for a deeper, molasses-like flavor. == See also == * [[Cookbook:Apricot Muffins]] * [[Cookbook:Classic Chocolate Chip Cookies]] [[Category:Recipes]] [[Category:Bread recipes]] [[Category:Banana recipes]] [[Category:Quick breads]] enerah9tcyppeqe4be0sj4k2nsxrqji 102 483177 4634497 2026-05-06T18:53:14Z NoraVisser 3581702 Created Lemon Blueberry Scones recipe with ingredients, procedure, glaze, and categories 4634497 wikitext text/x-wiki == Description == Lemon Blueberry Scones are tender, flaky British-style scones bursting with fresh blueberries and bright lemon zest. They come together quickly, making them ideal for weekend brunches or afternoon tea. The lemon glaze adds a tangy sweetness that complements the jammy berries. == Ingredients == === Scones === * 2 cups (250 g) all-purpose flour * ⅓ cup (65 g) granulated sugar * 1 tablespoon baking powder * ½ teaspoon fine salt * Zest of 1 large lemon * ½ cup (115 g) cold unsalted butter, cut into small cubes * ½ cup (120 ml) heavy cream, plus more for brushing * 1 large egg * 1 teaspoon vanilla extract * 1 cup (150 g) fresh or frozen blueberries (do not thaw if frozen) === Lemon Glaze === * 1 cup (120 g) powdered sugar, sifted * 2–3 tablespoons fresh lemon juice * 1 teaspoon lemon zest == Procedure == # Preheat oven to 400°F (205°C). Line a baking sheet with parchment paper. # In a large bowl, whisk together flour, sugar, baking powder, salt, and lemon zest. # Add the cold butter cubes to the flour mixture. Using a pastry cutter or your fingertips, cut the butter into the flour until the mixture resembles coarse crumbs with some pea-sized pieces remaining. # In a small bowl, whisk together the heavy cream, egg, and vanilla extract. # Pour the cream mixture over the flour mixture and stir gently with a fork until just combined. Do not overmix. # Fold in the blueberries gently — if using frozen berries, work quickly to prevent streaking. # Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface. Pat it into a circle about 1 inch (2.5 cm) thick. # Cut the circle into 8 wedges using a sharp knife or bench scraper. # Place the wedges on the prepared baking sheet, spaced about 2 inches apart. Brush the tops lightly with heavy cream. # Bake for 18–22 minutes, until golden brown on top and bottom. # Cool on the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. # Prepare the glaze by whisking together powdered sugar and lemon juice until smooth. Drizzle over slightly warm scones. == Notes, tips and variations == * '''Cold butter is essential:''' Warm butter melts into the dough and produces bread-like texture rather than flaky scones. Freeze the butter for 15 minutes before cutting. * '''Do not overmix:''' Once liquid is added, mix only until the dough just comes together. * '''Frozen blueberries:''' Work fast — frozen berries can bleed purple color into the dough if handled too much. * '''Make ahead:''' Shaped unbaked scones can be refrigerated overnight and baked fresh the next morning. * '''Raspberry variation:''' Substitute blueberries with fresh raspberries for a different flavor profile. == See also == * [[Cookbook:Classic Banana Bread]] * [[Cookbook:Apricot Muffins]] [[Category:Recipes]] [[Category:Bread recipes]] [[Category:Scone recipes]] [[Category:Blueberry recipes]] sz5athygfyx8nm2lin1vqxow8sohn03 4634512 4634497 2026-05-06T21:42:11Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 flag 4634512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=inappropriate header, missing appropriate linking, missing and incorrect categories, unrelated linking, missing recipe templates}} == Description == Lemon Blueberry Scones are tender, flaky British-style scones bursting with fresh blueberries and bright lemon zest. They come together quickly, making them ideal for weekend brunches or afternoon tea. The lemon glaze adds a tangy sweetness that complements the jammy berries. == Ingredients == === Scones === * 2 cups (250 g) all-purpose flour * ⅓ cup (65 g) granulated sugar * 1 tablespoon baking powder * ½ teaspoon fine salt * Zest of 1 large lemon * ½ cup (115 g) cold unsalted butter, cut into small cubes * ½ cup (120 ml) heavy cream, plus more for brushing * 1 large egg * 1 teaspoon vanilla extract * 1 cup (150 g) fresh or frozen blueberries (do not thaw if frozen) === Lemon Glaze === * 1 cup (120 g) powdered sugar, sifted * 2–3 tablespoons fresh lemon juice * 1 teaspoon lemon zest == Procedure == # Preheat oven to 400°F (205°C). Line a baking sheet with parchment paper. # In a large bowl, whisk together flour, sugar, baking powder, salt, and lemon zest. # Add the cold butter cubes to the flour mixture. Using a pastry cutter or your fingertips, cut the butter into the flour until the mixture resembles coarse crumbs with some pea-sized pieces remaining. # In a small bowl, whisk together the heavy cream, egg, and vanilla extract. # Pour the cream mixture over the flour mixture and stir gently with a fork until just combined. Do not overmix. # Fold in the blueberries gently — if using frozen berries, work quickly to prevent streaking. # Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface. Pat it into a circle about 1 inch (2.5 cm) thick. # Cut the circle into 8 wedges using a sharp knife or bench scraper. # Place the wedges on the prepared baking sheet, spaced about 2 inches apart. Brush the tops lightly with heavy cream. # Bake for 18–22 minutes, until golden brown on top and bottom. # Cool on the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. # Prepare the glaze by whisking together powdered sugar and lemon juice until smooth. Drizzle over slightly warm scones. == Notes, tips and variations == * '''Cold butter is essential:''' Warm butter melts into the dough and produces bread-like texture rather than flaky scones. Freeze the butter for 15 minutes before cutting. * '''Do not overmix:''' Once liquid is added, mix only until the dough just comes together. * '''Frozen blueberries:''' Work fast — frozen berries can bleed purple color into the dough if handled too much. * '''Make ahead:''' Shaped unbaked scones can be refrigerated overnight and baked fresh the next morning. * '''Raspberry variation:''' Substitute blueberries with fresh raspberries for a different flavor profile. == See also == * [[Cookbook:Classic Banana Bread]] * [[Cookbook:Apricot Muffins]] [[Category:Recipes]] [[Category:Bread recipes]] [[Category:Scone recipes]] [[Category:Blueberry recipes]] ql28r6147ijtuostl7lvj1hriia00qm 102 483178 4634498 2026-05-06T18:53:42Z NoraVisser 3581702 Created Creamy Tomato Basil Soup recipe with ingredients, procedure, notes, and categories 4634498 wikitext text/x-wiki == Description == Creamy Tomato Basil Soup is a classic comfort food that transforms simple pantry ingredients into a silky, rich soup. Using canned San Marzano tomatoes ensures consistent sweetness year-round. A swirl of heavy cream and a handful of fresh basil finish the soup with depth and brightness. Pairs perfectly with grilled cheese sandwiches. == Ingredients == * 2 tablespoons olive oil * 1 medium yellow onion, roughly chopped * 4 garlic cloves, minced * 2 cans (28 oz / 800 g each) whole peeled tomatoes, preferably San Marzano * 1½ cups (360 ml) vegetable broth or chicken broth * 1 teaspoon sugar (optional, to balance acidity) * ½ teaspoon dried oregano * ¼ teaspoon red pepper flakes (optional) * Salt and black pepper, to taste * ½ cup (120 ml) heavy cream * ¼ cup (10 g) fresh basil leaves, loosely packed, plus more for garnish == Procedure == # Heat olive oil in a large pot or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add the onion and cook, stirring occasionally, for 6–8 minutes until softened and translucent. # Add the garlic and cook for 1 minute until fragrant. # Add the canned tomatoes (with juices), broth, sugar (if using), oregano, and red pepper flakes. Stir to combine. # Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer uncovered for 20 minutes, stirring occasionally. # Remove from heat. Add the fresh basil leaves. # Using an immersion blender, blend the soup directly in the pot until completely smooth. Alternatively, carefully transfer in batches to a countertop blender and blend until smooth, then return to the pot. # Stir in the heavy cream and heat over low heat for 2–3 minutes. Do not boil after adding cream. # Season with salt and black pepper to taste. # Ladle into bowls and garnish with fresh basil leaves and a drizzle of cream if desired. == Notes, tips and variations == * '''Roasted tomato version:''' Roast canned or fresh tomatoes at 400°F (205°C) for 30 minutes before adding to the pot for a deeper, caramelized flavor. * '''Dairy-free:''' Substitute heavy cream with full-fat coconut milk or cashew cream. * '''Vegan:''' Use vegetable broth and a dairy-free cream substitute. * '''Storage:''' Refrigerate for up to 4 days. Freeze (without cream) for up to 3 months; add cream when reheating. * '''Thickness:''' For a thicker soup, simmer longer to reduce, or add a small potato (peeled and diced) during cooking and blend it in. * '''Fresh tomatoes:''' In summer, substitute 3 lbs (1.4 kg) ripe fresh tomatoes, cored and halved. Roasting them first is recommended. == See also == * [[Cookbook:Loaded Baked Potato Soup]] * [[Cookbook:Shakshuka]] [[Category:Recipes]] [[Category:Soup recipes]] [[Category:Tomato recipes]] [[Category:Vegetarian recipes]] 7xr1eg4cciq8t0yht1cpna0jj9jz8d7 4634511 4634498 2026-05-06T21:39:12Z Kittycataclysm 3371989 incomplete flag 4634511 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Incomplete recipe|reason=inappropriate header, missing appropriate linking, missing and incorrect categories, unrelated linking, missing recipe templates}} == Description == Creamy Tomato Basil Soup is a classic comfort food that transforms simple pantry ingredients into a silky, rich soup. Using canned San Marzano tomatoes ensures consistent sweetness year-round. A swirl of heavy cream and a handful of fresh basil finish the soup with depth and brightness. Pairs perfectly with grilled cheese sandwiches. == Ingredients == * 2 tablespoons olive oil * 1 medium yellow onion, roughly chopped * 4 garlic cloves, minced * 2 cans (28 oz / 800 g each) whole peeled tomatoes, preferably San Marzano * 1½ cups (360 ml) vegetable broth or chicken broth * 1 teaspoon sugar (optional, to balance acidity) * ½ teaspoon dried oregano * ¼ teaspoon red pepper flakes (optional) * Salt and black pepper, to taste * ½ cup (120 ml) heavy cream * ¼ cup (10 g) fresh basil leaves, loosely packed, plus more for garnish == Procedure == # Heat olive oil in a large pot or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add the onion and cook, stirring occasionally, for 6–8 minutes until softened and translucent. # Add the garlic and cook for 1 minute until fragrant. # Add the canned tomatoes (with juices), broth, sugar (if using), oregano, and red pepper flakes. Stir to combine. # Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer uncovered for 20 minutes, stirring occasionally. # Remove from heat. Add the fresh basil leaves. # Using an immersion blender, blend the soup directly in the pot until completely smooth. Alternatively, carefully transfer in batches to a countertop blender and blend until smooth, then return to the pot. # Stir in the heavy cream and heat over low heat for 2–3 minutes. Do not boil after adding cream. # Season with salt and black pepper to taste. # Ladle into bowls and garnish with fresh basil leaves and a drizzle of cream if desired. == Notes, tips and variations == * '''Roasted tomato version:''' Roast canned or fresh tomatoes at 400°F (205°C) for 30 minutes before adding to the pot for a deeper, caramelized flavor. * '''Dairy-free:''' Substitute heavy cream with full-fat coconut milk or cashew cream. * '''Vegan:''' Use vegetable broth and a dairy-free cream substitute. * '''Storage:''' Refrigerate for up to 4 days. Freeze (without cream) for up to 3 months; add cream when reheating. * '''Thickness:''' For a thicker soup, simmer longer to reduce, or add a small potato (peeled and diced) during cooking and blend it in. * '''Fresh tomatoes:''' In summer, substitute 3 lbs (1.4 kg) ripe fresh tomatoes, cored and halved. Roasting them first is recommended. == See also == * [[Cookbook:Loaded Baked Potato Soup]] * [[Cookbook:Shakshuka]] [[Category:Recipes]] [[Category:Soup recipes]] [[Category:Tomato recipes]] [[Category:Vegetarian recipes]] c4rt42grms5xx531gefd1cvzp7xsth4 3 483179 4634521 2026-05-06T22:13:33Z MathXplore 3097823 Notifying author of speedy deletion nomination 4634521 wikitext text/x-wiki == I have added a tag to a page you created == Hi! I'm MathXplore, and I recently reviewed your page, [[:Talk:High School Earth Science/World Climates]]. I have added a tag to the page, because it <strong>may meet the [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy#Speedy deletions|criteria for speedy deletion]].</strong> This means that it can be deleted at any time. The reason I provided was: <blockquote><strong>Test page</strong></blockquote> If you believe that your page should not be deleted, please post a message on [[Talk:High School Earth Science/World Climates|the page's talk page]] explaining why. <strong>If your reasoning is convincing, your page may be saved.</strong> If you have any questions or concerns, please [[User talk:MathXplore|let me know]]. Thank you! <!-- Substituted from User:JJPMaster/CurateThisPage/authorMsg --> [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 22:13, 6 May 2026 (UTC) dgvfpx0gdmw0kebxsrzdxlz8040v3hh 2 483180 4634529 2026-05-06T23:53:32Z Panic2k4 2865 Started 4634529 wikitext text/x-wiki = Artificial Mankind: The Self‑Domestication of Man = Today, as I read an article on Ars Technica about vitamin K and infant death, I found myself reflecting on how strangely the problem was framed. Not because the biology was wrong, but because the narrative placed the weight of foresight on individual parents—humans who, like all of us, are shaped by systems far larger than themselves. It treated them as if they should have anticipated consequences that no single organism, living inside a vast technological and institutional mesh, can truly see. They cannot. We cannot. As a species, we are no better at predicting the long‑term effects of the environments and tools we create. We live inside them, and they sculpt us more than we sculpt them. Humanity has been trying to understand this tension for centuries. Thinkers like [[wikipedia:Jean-Jacques Rousseau|Rousseau]], [[wikipedia:Thomas Hobbes|Hobbes]], and [[wikipedia:Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz|Leibniz]] all wrestled with the conflict between nature and society, between the individual and the collective, between freedom and structure. But the modern world has pushed this conflict into a new regime. We have not only stepped outside the ecological conditions that formed us; we have begun to systematically rewrite them, and in doing so we have become increasingly fragile. == The Departure From Nature == Humanity has replaced natural selection with medical intervention, industrial food, sanitation, global supply chains, and institutional protection. These systems shield individuals from the immediate consequences that once shaped survival and reproduction. They are not laws of nature; they are contingent constructions, dependent on energy, resources, and coordination. If they fail, the underlying biological constraints reassert themselves instantly.. But these systems are not natural laws. They are contingent, resource‑dependent, and fragile. If they fail, the underlying biological constraints return immediately. At the same time, we have saturated our environment with novel signals and substances. Endocrine‑active compounds from plastics, pesticides, and industrial byproducts enter water and soil and the industrialization of Agribusiness and Food processing. Microplastics circulate through our bodies. Diets based on highly processed foods and crops like soy, corn and palm reshape, the introduction preservation methods such as heat treatment (blanching, pasteurization, sterilization, and canning), cold storage, freezing, drying and chemical additives all alter the food quality we eat with effects to [[wikipedia:Human_microbiome|microbiome]]—the ancient microbial ecosystem that co‑evolved with us and calibrates immunity, metabolism, and even aspects of behavior. Screens and networks bombard nervous systems with patterns and narratives that did not exist for almost all of human evolutionary history. The organism responds, but the cues are mismatched to its ancestral expectations. In this sense, we are doing to ourselves what we once did to wolves, cattle, and grains. Domestication is not primarily about cages; it is about changing selection pressures. When humans domesticated animals and plants, they removed predators, stabilized food supply, and selected for traits that fit human needs: docility, productivity, predictability. The result was a loss of resilience and a narrowing of adaptive range. The domesticated organism thrives inside the managed system and struggles outside it. It becomes weak, genetic similar and space constrained open to disease and pathologist. We can see the nefarious effects some breading has had from chickens to dogs. Human society now functions as a domestication apparatus for our own species. It seeks stability, predictability, and control. It rewards behaviors that fit institutional needs and penalizes those that do not. It narrows the viable behavioral and cognitive space, not out of malice, but because large, interdependent systems require standardization to remain coherent. Yet every gain in control carries a cost in flexibility. We become more specialized, more dependent, more like components in a hive. This is not a moral accusation. It is not an argument that things were “better” in some imagined past. It is a description of a trajectory: a species that has increasingly outsourced its survival to artificial systems, while its biology still carries the imprint of older worlds. The question is not whether this process is happening—it is. The question is whether the technological and cultural scaffolding we now rely on can be maintained, and what happens to a self‑domesticated species if that scaffolding fails. Consider the rise of C‑sections. In many countries, surgical birth is no longer an emergency procedure but a routine one. This bypasses the natural selection pressures that once shaped pelvic structure, fetal development, and maternal health. It preserves traits that would not survive without medical intervention. The same applies to antibiotics, insulin, organ transplants, and countless other medical technologies. They save lives, but they also accumulate evolutionary debt. == Pollution, Endocrine Disruptors, and Developmental Instability == Modern pollution introduces endocrine disruptors into the environment—substances that interfere with hormonal development. These chemicals affect reproductive systems, fertility, secondary sexual characteristics, and even neurological development. They create identity instability not because individuals are confused, but because the environment itself is sending contradictory biological signals. The organism is responding to an artificial landscape that its evolutionary history never prepared it for. Body image pressures, social media amplification, and the collapse of traditional identity anchors further destabilize the sense of self. These are not moral failures; they are consequences of an environment that no longer resembles the one our species evolved to navigate. == Historical Attempts to Control Human Variation == The desire to control human traits is not new. The eugenics movement in the United States, supported by figures like [[wikipedia:Charles Davenport|Charles Davenport]] and institutions such as the [[wikipedia:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory|Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory]], sought to engineer society by sterilizing those deemed “unfit.” Nazi Germany took these ideas to their most horrific extreme, combining pseudoscience with state power to enforce a vision of biological purity. These examples illustrate a recurring pattern: when society attempts to control human variation, it inevitably causes harm. It misunderstands the role of diversity in species survival. It confuses conformity with strength. And it forgets that nature does not optimize for predictability; it optimizes for adaptability. == Immune Fragility and the Hygiene Hypothesis == Modern environments are increasingly sanitized. The hygiene hypothesis suggests that reduced exposure to microbes in early life contributes to food allergies, asthma, and autoimmune disorders. The immune system evolved to calibrate itself through exposure to the natural world. When that exposure is removed, the system becomes confused. This is another example of self‑domestication: a system optimized for a natural environment malfunctioning in an artificial one. == Genetic Memory and Ancestral Expectations == Animal models show that certain responses—fear, stress reactions, behavioral tendencies—can be passed across generations through epigenetic mechanisms. This phenomenon, sometimes called genetic memory, has been observed in mice, birds, and insects. If it exists in these species, it would be strange if humans were exempt. Our bodies and minds carry expectations shaped by millions of years of natural selection. But modern society does not match those expectations. The mismatch produces anxiety, instability, and reactions that seem irrational only because the environment has changed faster than the organism. == Social Structure, Specialization, and the Hive Pattern == Human society has become increasingly specialized. We are building something that resembles an insect hive: individuals reduced to narrow roles, dependent on the collective for survival, unable to function outside the system. This specialization increases efficiency but reduces resilience. When a bee loses its hive, it dies. When a human loses the system that sustains them, the result is often the same. The rising rates of suicide across developed nations reflect this fragility. People are not failing; the environment is failing them. The system demands conformity, but the organism demands diversity. The tension between the two produces suffering. == Reproduction, Autonomy, and Cultural Narratives == Reproductive freedom, religious dogma, and institutional norms all shape the human condition. They influence who is born, who survives, and how society defines the value of life. These forces are not moral absolutes; they are expressions of competing narratives about control, autonomy, and the role of the individual within the collective. They illustrate how deeply society attempts to regulate the natural process, often without understanding the long‑term consequences. == Conclusion: A Species at Risk of Its Own Success == Humanity has not escaped nature. It has only delayed it. The longer we delay, the more fragile we become. The more we suppress diversity, the narrower our adaptive range becomes. The more we depend on artificial systems, the more catastrophic their failure becomes. This is not a moral argument. It is not an emotional argument. It is a recognition that nature does not care about our narratives. It cares about viability. And viability requires diversity, unpredictability, and the full spectrum of human variation—traits that modern society increasingly suppresses. We have become, in many respects, an artificial humanity living in an artificial ecology, domesticated by its own systems.The question is not whether this is happening. It is. The question is whether the systems that sustain us can be maintained—and what happens if they cannot. 4dpgns7adotb91gs5apiuh8t0sbnrcv 0 483181 4634535 2026-05-07T06:43:17Z ~2026-27588-54 3581852 YashTheSoni tell me your yeal one 4634535 wikitext text/x-wiki Hey bro I couldn't find your YashTheSoni Author account i really wanted to read your B rated Article please tell me if you found this page sc8l975rn9egkgbn1bu61gtkd37tt1f 0 483182 4634538 2026-05-07T07:21:24Z RevvingREVVER 3581861 Created page with "{{Chess Position |Tarrasch Variation |parent=[[../|French Defence: Tarrasch Variation]] |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C03]] }} = French Defense: Tarrasch Variation = == 3...dxe4 == Black trades pawns on e4, a sideline offering to transpose into the Rubinstein Variation. '''[[/4. Nxe4/]]''' is almost always played. White recaptures the pawn and transposes to the line which would normally be reached with Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e6/2. d4/2...d5/3. Nc3/3...dxe4/4. Nxe4|3. Nc3..." 4634538 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chess Position |Tarrasch Variation |parent=[[../|French Defence: Tarrasch Variation]] |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C03]] }} = French Defense: Tarrasch Variation = == 3...dxe4 == Black trades pawns on e4, a sideline offering to transpose into the Rubinstein Variation. '''[[/4. Nxe4/]]''' is almost always played. White recaptures the pawn and transposes to the line which would normally be reached with [[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e6/2. d4/2...d5/3. Nc3/3...dxe4/4. Nxe4|3. Nc3 dxe4 4. Nxe4]]. == Theory table == {{Chess Opening Theory/Table}} <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> <tr> <th align "center">1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nd2 dxe4</th> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <th align="left">4</th> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">Rubinstein Variation<br><small>(by transposition)</small></th> <td>[[/4. Nxe4/|Nxe4]]</td> <td>=</td> </tr> </table> == References == {{reflist}} {{ChessMid}} {{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}} {{BookCat}} m2zm5e0s59l5pdngt0xhyhymxfzhfzb 0 483183 4634539 2026-05-07T07:22:02Z RevvingREVVER 3581861 Redirected page to [[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e6/2. d4/2...d5/3. Nc3/3...dxe4/4. Nxe4]] 4634539 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e6/2. d4/2...d5/3. Nc3/3...dxe4/4. Nxe4]] 3x2eltud2dsvmg7m5i6fbnctl3vmphq 102 483184 4634630 2026-05-07T11:46:43Z SHE-LOVES-BRIAN 3581157 Created page with "Ikwọkọ is a traditional Nigerian seafood dish associated with the Ijaw people of the [[wikipedia:Nigeria|Niger Delta region]]. It is especially popular in riverine communities where seafood is a major part of daily life and culture. The dish is typically prepared with a mixture of fresh seafood such as [[Cookbook:Fish|fish, crab, shrimp, periwinkle, or crayfish]], cooked together in a rich, flavorful broth with palm oil, pepper, and local spices. Depending on the co..." 4634630 wikitext text/x-wiki Ikwọkọ is a traditional Nigerian seafood dish associated with the Ijaw people of the [[wikipedia:Nigeria|Niger Delta region]]. It is especially popular in riverine communities where seafood is a major part of daily life and culture. The dish is typically prepared with a mixture of fresh seafood such as [[Cookbook:Fish|fish, crab, shrimp, periwinkle, or crayfish]], cooked together in a rich, flavorful broth with palm oil, pepper, and local spices. Depending on the community and method of preparation, it may have a thick, [[Cookbook:Porridge|porridge]]-like consistency. Ikwọkọ is valued for its rich taste, nutritional value, and strong connection to the fishing traditions of the Niger Delta. It is often prepared for family meals, celebrations, and cultural gatherings, making it both a delicacy and an important cultural dish in southern Nigerian cuisine. == INGREDIENTS == [[File:Ijaw Culture For Full Grown Women - Observers.jpg|thumb]] {{Recipe summary | Category = DINNER RECIPES | Cuisine = NIGERIAN | Servings = 4-6 | Time = 60 MINUTES | Difficulty = 3 }} The main ingredients for Ikwọkọ include: * [[Cookbook:Fish|Fresh fish]] * [[Cookbook:Crab|Crab]] * [[Cookbook:Shellfish|Shrimp or prawns]] * [[Cookbook:Periwinkle (mollusc)|Periwinkle]] * [[Cookbook:Periwinkle (mollusc)|Crayfish]] * [[Cookbook:Palm Oil|Palm oil]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Pepper (Scotch bonnet)]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Onions]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Seasoning cubes]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Salt]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Local spices]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Water or seafood stock]] These ingredients give the dish its rich seafood flavor and traditional Niger Delta taste. == PROCEDURE == Here’s how to prepare Ikwọkọ: # '''Prepare the seafood''' Wash and clean the fish, crab, shrimp, and periwinkle thoroughly. # '''Season and cook the seafood''' Place the seafood in a pot with onions, salt, seasoning cubes, and a little water or stock. Cook gently until partly tender. # '''Add palm oil''' Pour in palm oil and allow it to combine with the seafood stock. # '''Add pepper and spices''' Add pepper, crayfish, and local spices, then stir well. # '''Simmer the mixture''' Allow everything to cook together so the flavors blend properly. # '''Adjust thickness''' Add a little more water or let it reduce depending on how thick you want the porridge. # '''Taste and season''' Add extra salt or seasoning if needed. # '''Serve hot''' Serve as a rich seafood meal, often enjoyed on its own. The dish should be flavorful, slightly thick, spicy, and rich with seafood taste. [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Wikibook cookbook]] [[Category:Recipes using fish]] [[Category:Traditional recipes]] cg8a4xmq7rq9upsgmf3ic3j64gppr9s 4634635 4634630 2026-05-07T11:57:57Z SHE-LOVES-BRIAN 3581157 quantity 4634635 wikitext text/x-wiki Ikwọkọ is a traditional Nigerian seafood dish associated with the Ijaw people of the [[wikipedia:Nigeria|Niger Delta region]]. It is especially popular in riverine communities where seafood is a major part of daily life and culture. The dish is typically prepared with a mixture of fresh seafood such as [[Cookbook:Fish|fish, crab, shrimp, periwinkle, or crayfish]], cooked together in a rich, flavorful broth with palm oil, pepper, and local spices. Depending on the community and method of preparation, it may have a thick, [[Cookbook:Porridge|porridge]]-like consistency. Ikwọkọ is valued for its rich taste, nutritional value, and strong connection to the fishing traditions of the Niger Delta. It is often prepared for family meals, celebrations, and cultural gatherings, making it both a delicacy and an important cultural dish in southern Nigerian cuisine. == INGREDIENTS == [[File:Ijaw Culture For Full Grown Women - Observers.jpg|thumb]] {{Recipe summary | Category = DINNER RECIPES | Cuisine = NIGERIAN | Servings = 4-6 | Time = 60 MINUTES | Difficulty = 3 }} The main ingredients for Ikwọkọ include * [[Cookbook:Fish|1 medium fresh fish]] * [[Cookbook:Fish|2 medium crabs]] * [[Cookbook:Fish|1 cup shrimp or prawns]] * [[Cookbook:Fish|1 cup periwinkle]] * [[Cookbook:Fish|2 tablespoons ground crayfish]] * [[Cookbook:Palm Oil|1 cup palm oil]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|3–5 Scotch bonnet peppers]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|1 medium onion]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|2 seasoning cubes]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|Salt to taste]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|1 teaspoon local spices]] * [[Cookbook:Ingredients|3–4 cups water or seafood stock]] These ingredients give the dish its rich seafood flavor and traditional Niger Delta taste. == PROCEDURE == Here’s how to prepare Ikwọkọ: # '''Prepare the seafood''' Wash and clean the fish, crab, shrimp, and periwinkle thoroughly. # '''Season and cook the seafood''' Place the seafood in a pot with onions, salt, seasoning cubes, and a little water or stock. Cook gently until partly tender. # '''Add palm oil''' Pour in palm oil and allow it to combine with the seafood stock. # '''Add pepper and spices''' Add pepper, crayfish, and local spices, then stir well. # '''Simmer the mixture''' Allow everything to cook together so the flavors blend properly. # '''Adjust thickness''' Add a little more water or let it reduce depending on how thick you want the porridge. # '''Taste and season''' Add extra salt or seasoning if needed. # '''Serve hot''' Serve as a rich seafood meal, often enjoyed on its own. The dish should be flavorful, slightly thick, spicy, and rich with seafood taste. [[Category:Nigerian recipes]] [[Category:Wikibook cookbook]] [[Category:Recipes using fish]] [[Category:Traditional recipes]] r8jzm8ebbrs3k5n318didstz8tbzvcg